A bend laser cutting device of an open-close splash-proof protection structure

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical fields of pipe bending processing, and discloses a laser cutting device for elbow pipe with open-close splash-proof protection structure, which comprises a longitudinal guide rail, a laser cutting head slidingly connected to the longitudinal guide rail and having an inverted conical design at the lower end, and a transverse guide rail for driving the longitudinal guide rail to move transversely; a clamping unit comprising two symmetrical elbow seats arranged above and below for clamping the elbow, and a positioning assembly connected to the end of the elbow seat and cooperating with the laser cutting head to realize accurate positioning of the cutting point. The laser cutting device for elbow pipe with open-close splash-proof protection structure can effectively solve the problems in the prior art, such as the sparks and welding slag generated during laser trimming of the elbow port, which are easy to splash and adhere to the inner and outer walls, and the need for secondary polishing, as well as the irregular shape of the elbow, which leads to certain errors in cutting accuracy and affects the sealing and adaptability of pipe assembly.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of pipe bending technology, and more specifically to a pipe bending laser cutting equipment with an openable splash-proof protective structure. Background Technology

[0002] Elbows are curved pipe fittings that are widely used in pipeline systems in fields such as petrochemicals, municipal water supply and drainage, and aerospace, playing a crucial role in pipeline turning and media transportation.

[0003] After being stamped, cast, or welded, elbow pipe fittings are prone to defects such as burrs, unevenness, and tilted end faces at both ends, failing to meet assembly precision requirements directly and necessitating end finishing. Currently, laser cutting technology is widely used in the industry for this finishing process. Laser cutting offers advantages such as high cutting precision, high efficiency, and a small heat-affected zone, enabling precise finishing of elbow ends and ensuring port flatness and dimensional accuracy.

[0004] However, the existing laser cutting and finishing process has the following problems: First, the sparks and welding slag generated by laser cutting are easily splashed onto the inner wall of the elbow. After cooling, they are firmly welded to the inner wall surface, forming stubborn deposits. Subsequent grinding and cleaning require additional manpower and resources, increasing processing steps and costs. Moreover, the grinding process may damage the inner wall. Second, the elbow is large in size and has an irregular structure. The existing positioning mechanism is difficult to achieve stable and accurate positioning. The positioning benchmark is inaccurate and the positioning mechanism is poorly adapted to the irregular structure, which directly leads to errors in the end cutting length, affecting the sealing and compatibility of the pipe fitting assembly and reducing the product qualification rate. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the aforementioned shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a curved pipe laser cutting device with an openable anti-splash protection structure. This device effectively solves the problems in existing technologies, such as the tendency of sparks and welding slag generated during laser trimming of elbow ends to splash and adhere to the inner and outer walls, requiring secondary grinding, and the irregular shape of the elbow causing certain errors in cutting accuracy, which affect the sealing and compatibility of pipe fittings.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution:

[0007] This invention provides a curved tube laser cutting device with an openable splash-proof protective structure, comprising:

[0008] The laser cutting unit includes a longitudinal guide rail, a laser cutting head that slides vertically and vertically on the longitudinal guide rail and has a tapered design at the lower end, and a transverse guide rail that drives the longitudinal guide rail to move laterally.

[0009] The clamping unit includes two symmetrically arranged bend seats for clamping the bend, a positioning component connected to the end of the bend seats to work with the laser cutting head to achieve precise positioning of the cutting point, and a driving component to drive the two bend seats to open, close and rotate to achieve clamping and reversing of the bend.

[0010] The protective unit includes a push unit slidably connected to the chassis, a positioning rod connected to the push unit, and a docking rod slidably connected to the push unit. Its function is to cooperate with the positioning component to ensure the coaxiality between the positioning rod and the elbow. A shielding component is connected to the end of the positioning rod away from the push unit and is inserted into the elbow during cutting to achieve shielding protection. A wall scraping component is connected to the shielding component to scrape off the welding slag on the inner wall.

[0011] Furthermore, the positioning component includes an arc-shaped seat, which is fixedly connected to the end of the bent seat, and two corresponding arc-shaped seats are symmetrically distributed vertically on the two bent seats. A positioning seat is damped and slidably connected in the upper arc-shaped seat. A positioning hole is fixedly connected to the horizontal section of the positioning seat. A limit ring is fixedly connected to the inverted conical section of the laser cutting head. A docking seat adapted to the docking rod is damped and slidably connected in the lower arc-shaped seat.

[0012] Furthermore, the drive assembly includes a base plate, on which a support arm is fixedly connected. The support arm is rotatably connected to a lower curved seat. The lower end of the support arm is connected to a drive motor that drives the lower curved seat to rotate. A sliding arm, pushed by a cylinder, is slidably connected up and down on the base plate. The sliding arm is rotatably connected to the upper curved seat.

[0013] Furthermore, the shielding assembly includes a disc-shaped shell sleeved on the end of the positioning rod away from the pushing unit. The disc-shaped shell has four baffles that slide radially along its circumference, and the vertically symmetrical baffles are staggered with the front-to-back symmetrical baffles. A rotating seat is rotatably connected to the center of the disc-shaped shell. Multiple sector plates corresponding to the baffles are uniformly fixedly connected to the rotating seat along its circumference. Arc grooves are opened on the sector plates. Sliding columns are fixedly connected to the baffles. The corresponding sliding columns are slidably connected to the arc grooves. A rotating module is connected to the end of the rotating seat near the positioning rod.

[0014] Furthermore, the docking rod is fixedly connected to the disc-shaped shell via a folding rod, and a return spring is connected to both the rod and the push unit.

[0015] Furthermore, the rotating module includes a cylindrical seat fixedly connected to the rotating base, the cylindrical seat being slidably connected to the positioning rod, the outer peripheral wall of the cylindrical seat having an inclined groove, and the inner peripheral wall of the positioning rod being fixedly connected to a guide block corresponding to and slidably connected to the inclined groove.

[0016] Furthermore, an adsorption module is connected to both the positioning rod and the disc-shaped shell. The adsorption module includes a ring magnet one that is fixedly connected to the disc-shaped shell, and a ring magnet two that is magnetically attracted to the ring magnet one that is fixedly connected to the positioning rod. A stop block is slidably connected to one end of the positioning rod near the push unit. The stop block and the ring magnet one are fixedly connected by a connecting rod that slides through the positioning rod and the ring magnet two.

[0017] Furthermore, a limiting seat is slidably connected to the positioning rod between the stop block and the push unit. The lower end of the limiting seat is slidably connected to the chassis via a slide rail, and a stop is fixedly connected to the slide rail.

[0018] Furthermore, the scraping assembly includes an annular plate fixedly connected to the disc-shaped shell, and a scraper is rotatably connected to the annular plate via a torsion spring. The scraper adopts a three-section design consisting of an inclined section, a horizontal section, and a vertical section.

[0019] The technical solution provided by this invention has the following advantages compared with the prior art:

[0020] 1. After the positioning rod of the present invention is inserted into the elbow, the baffle of its end shielding component will expand radially and fit tightly against the inner wall to form a closed protection, blocking the sparks and welding slag generated by laser cutting from the source; at the same time, the scraper removes the welding slag from the inner wall in real time during cutting, and the baffle remains expanded when withdrawing to carry out the residue, avoiding the formation of stubborn deposits, which reduces processing costs and avoids damage to the inner wall caused by grinding.

[0021] 2. This invention corrects the position of the elbow by cooperating with the docking rod and the docking seat, ensuring that the positioning rod and the elbow are coaxial; the inverted conical section of the laser cutting head is inserted into the positioning hole, and the limiting ring is used to achieve axial limiting, and the cutting point is calibrated by double calibration; and the positioning reference remains stable when the elbow rotates, effectively solving the positioning deviation caused by the irregular shape of the elbow, and ensuring the cutting length accuracy and the sealing of the pipe assembly.

[0022] 3. The drive component of this invention can drive the elbow clamp to rotate and change direction. After one end is cut, it can be aligned with the other end without re-clamping. Cutting, scraping and cleaning are carried out simultaneously. The waste material automatically slides down and is collected after the scraper is reset, which reduces clamping adjustment and extra cleaning time. The overall operation is convenient and greatly improves the processing efficiency of pipe bending. Attached Figure Description

[0023] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0024] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the elbow structure before and after cutting according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of an embodiment of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 Front view structural diagram;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the separated structure of the laser cutting unit, clamping unit, and protective unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 5 This is an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 A magnified structural diagram of part A in the middle;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the clamping unit and the protection unit according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the protection unit from a first-view perspective according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the protection unit from a second perspective according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the wall scraping assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 10 This is a structural schematic diagram of the protection unit from a third-view perspective according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the separation structure of the shielding component according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the baffle, the rotating seat, and the cylindrical seat according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the separation structure of the baffle and the rotating seat in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0037] The labels in the diagram represent: 1. Laser cutting unit; 11. Longitudinal guide rail; 12. Laser cutting head; 13. Transverse guide rail; 2. Clamping unit; 21. Bend seat; 22. Positioning assembly; 221. Arc seat; 222. Positioning seat; 223. Positioning hole; 224. Limiting ring; 225. Docking seat; 23. Drive assembly; 231. Plate seat; 232. Support arm; 233. Sliding arm; 3. Protective unit; 31. Push unit; 32. Positioning rod; 33. Docking rod; 34. Shielding assembly; 341. Disc-shaped shell; 342. 3421. Baffle plate; 343. Sliding column; 344. Rotating seat; 345. Fan-shaped plate; 3461. Arc groove; 347. Rotating module; 348. Column seat; 349. Inclined groove; 340. Guide block; 341. Adsorption module; 3461. Ring magnet one; 3462. Ring magnet two; 3463. Stop block; 3464. Connecting rod; 3465. Limit seat; 3466. Slide rail; 3467. Stop seat; 35. Wall scraping assembly; 351. Ring plate; 352. Torsion spring; 353. Scraper strip; 36. Folding rod; 37. Return spring. Detailed Implementation

[0038] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0039] The present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments.

[0040] Example:

[0041] Please see Figure 1 - Figure 13 The present invention provides a technical solution:

[0042] A curved tube laser cutting device with an openable splash-proof protective structure includes:

[0043] The laser cutting unit 1 includes a longitudinal guide rail 11, a laser cutting head 12 that is slidably connected to the longitudinal guide rail 11 and has a tapered design at the lower end, and a transverse guide rail 13 that drives the longitudinal guide rail 11 to move laterally.

[0044] The clamping unit 2 includes two symmetrically arranged bend seats 21 for clamping the bend, a positioning component 22 connected to the end of the bend seats 21 and working with the laser cutting head 12 to achieve precise positioning of the cutting point, and a driving component 23 that drives the two bend seats 21 to open, close and rotate to achieve clamping and reversing of the bend.

[0045] The protective unit 3 includes a push unit 31 slidably connected to the chassis, a positioning rod 32 connected to the push unit 31, a docking rod 33 slidably connected to the push unit 31, which works in conjunction with the positioning component 22 to ensure coaxiality between the positioning rod 32 and the elbow, a shielding component 34 connected to the end of the positioning rod 32 away from the push unit 31 and inserted into the elbow during cutting to achieve shielding protection, and a wall scraping component 35 connected to the shielding component 34 to scrape off the welding slag on the inner wall.

[0046] Specifically, the existing laser cutting and finishing process for elbows has the following problems: First, sparks and welding slag generated by laser cutting easily splash onto the inner wall of the elbow. After cooling, they firmly adhere to the inner wall surface, forming stubborn deposits. Subsequent grinding and cleaning require additional manpower and resources, which not only increases processing steps and production costs, but also easily damages the inner wall surface during the grinding process. Second, elbows are large in size and have irregular shapes. Existing positioning mechanisms are difficult to achieve stable and accurate positioning. The positioning reference deviation is large and the compatibility with irregular pipe structures is poor, which directly leads to insufficient cutting length accuracy at the elbow end, seriously affecting the sealing and compatibility of pipe assembly, and significantly reducing the product qualification rate.

[0047] To solve the above problems, the present invention improves the traditional laser cutting equipment. During processing, the upper bending seat 21 is in an initial high position under the drive of the drive component 23, so that the operator can place the bend smoothly on the lower bending seat 21.

[0048] After placement, the upper bend seat 21 moves vertically downward under the drive of the drive component 23. The two symmetrically arranged bend seats 21 securely clamp the bend, providing a stable support benchmark for subsequent positioning and cutting operations. Then, the unit 31 is pushed to drive the positioning rod 32 to move to the left to extend into the bend. During the movement, the connecting rod 33 and the positioning component 22 work together to correct the spatial position of the bend seat 21 in real time, so as to ensure that the positioning rod 32 and the bend are coaxially and accurately inserted. The advantage of this coaxiality calibration mechanism is that it can eliminate the coaxial deviation between the positioning rod 32 and the bend, laying a precise positional foundation for subsequent protection and slag scraping operations.

[0049] Then, after the positioning rod 32 moves to the preset position on the left side of the cutting point, the shielding component 34 at its end unfolds to achieve closed protection behind the area to be cut inside the elbow. The advantage of this internal closed protection design is that it can block the sparks and welding slag generated by laser cutting from the source to the depth of the inner wall of the elbow, avoid the formation of stubborn adhesions after the welding slag cools down, save the subsequent grinding process, reduce processing costs and avoid the risk of damage from grinding the inner wall.

[0050] Next, the transverse guide rail 13 drives the longitudinal guide rail 11, and the longitudinal guide rail 11 drives the laser cutting head 12 to move in conjunction, precisely aligning with the positioning component 22. Through the coordinated calibration of the positioning component 22 and the laser cutting head 12, the cutting point is effectively eliminated. This dual positioning calibration method has the advantage of effectively eliminating the deviation of the cutting point, solving the problem of large length error at the cutting end in traditional cutting, ensuring the sealing and compatibility of the pipe fitting assembly, and improving the product qualification rate.

[0051] Afterwards, the drive component 23 of the clamping unit 2 drives the bend seat 21 and the clamped bend to rotate synchronously for one revolution. The laser cutting head 12 continuously outputs laser to complete the cutting of the irregular edge of the bend. During the cutting process, the wall scraping component 35 remains stationary and rotates relative to the rotating inner wall of the bend, simultaneously scraping off the welding slag generated during the cutting. The advantage of this design, which involves simultaneous cutting and scraping, is that it can clean the floating slag on the inner wall in real time and avoid the accumulation of welding slag. After the cutting is completed, the push unit 31 drives the positioning rod 32 to move to the right and exit the bend. In the initial stage of exiting, the shielding component 34 remains in the unfolded state. It uses its relative movement with the inner wall of the bend to synchronously carry the scraped welding slag out of the bend until the positioning rod 32 moves to the right to the preset reset position. Only then does the shielding component 34 retract and reset to facilitate the next work cycle. The advantage of this slag-carrying exit design is that it can thoroughly clean the scraped welding slag inside the bend and avoid welding slag residue affecting subsequent processing.

[0052] After one end of the bend is trimmed, the drive assembly 23 drives the bend seat 21 to rotate around its rotation axis by a preset angle, so that the other end of the bend is coaxially aligned with the positioning rod 32. Then the above operation process is repeated to complete the trimming of the other end of the bend. At this point, the entire pipe bending and trimming operation is completed.

[0053] The positioning component 22 includes an arc-shaped seat 221, which is fixedly connected to the end of the bent seat 21. The two corresponding arc-shaped seats 221 are symmetrically distributed vertically on the two bent seats 21. The upper arc-shaped seat 221 is damped and slidably connected to a positioning seat 222. The horizontal section of the positioning seat 222 is fixedly connected to a positioning hole 223. The inverted conical section of the laser cutting head 12 is fixedly connected to a limit ring 224. The lower arc-shaped seat 221 is damped and slidably connected to a docking seat 225 that is adapted to the docking rod 33.

[0054] The drive assembly 23 includes a base 231, on which a support arm 232 is fixedly connected. The support arm 232 is rotatably connected to the lower curved seat 21. The lower end of the support arm 232 is connected to a drive motor that drives the lower curved seat 21 to rotate. A sliding arm 233, which is pushed by a cylinder, is slidably connected up and down on the base 231. The sliding arm 233 is rotatably connected to the upper curved seat 21.

[0055] Specifically, the extension and retraction of the cylinder piston rod drives the sliding arm 233 to move up and down along the plate seat 231, thereby driving the upper bending seat 21 to move up and down synchronously, realizing the clamping and placement of the elbow; after the two bending seats 21 have finished clamping the elbow, based on the structural characteristics of the elbow, when the drive motor outputs power to drive the lower bending seat 21 to rotate, it will drive the upper bending seat 21 to rotate synchronously through the power transmission of the elbow, thereby realizing the rapid switching of the end of the elbow to be cut; when the plate seat 231 rotates as a whole, it can drive the entire clamping unit 2 and the clamped elbow to rotate synchronously, and with the fixed laser cutting head 12, the circular cutting operation of the elbow can be completed. This rotation drive design can ensure the relative position stability of the elbow and the laser cutting head 12 during the cutting process and improve the flatness of the cut surface.

[0056] The upper and lower arc-shaped seats 221 are connected to the docking seat 225 and the positioning seat 222 by a damped sliding connection. The advantage of this connection method is that it can keep the docking seat 225 and the positioning seat 222 stably in the initial position without external force. When the laser cutting head 12 moves down for alignment, its inverted conical section can be accurately inserted into the positioning hole 223 of the positioning seat 222. At the same time, the axial limit is achieved by the fit between the limiting ring 224 and the horizontal section of the positioning seat 222, thus completing the precise positioning of the cutting point. When the docking rod 33 moves to the left, it can be accurately inserted into the lower docking seat 225. The cooperation between the docking rod 33 and the docking seat 225 corrects the spatial position of the bent seat 21, so that the end of the bent head to be processed is coaxial with the positioning rod 32, providing a precise coaxial reference for subsequent ring cutting.

[0057] After the bend seat 21 completes clamping the bend, the two symmetrical arc seats 221 together form a concentric circular track. Therefore, during the synchronous rotation of the bend and the bend seat 21, the positioning seat 222 and the docking seat 225 remain stationary due to the limiting effect of the docking rod 33 and the laser cutting head 12, and can seamlessly slide and switch between the two bend seats 21 along the concentric circular track, ensuring the continuity and accuracy of the positioning reference during the rotary cutting process.

[0058] The shielding assembly 34 includes a disc-shaped shell 341 sleeved on the end of the positioning rod 32 away from the pushing unit 31. Four baffles 342 are arranged circumferentially and slide radially within the disc-shaped shell 341. The baffles 342 that are symmetrically arranged vertically are staggered with the baffles 342 that are symmetrically arranged front and back. A rotating seat 343 is rotatably connected to the center of the disc-shaped shell 341. Multiple fan-shaped plates 344 that correspond one-to-one with the baffles 342 are evenly fixedly connected to the rotating seat 343 circumferentially. The fan-shaped plates 344 are provided with arc-shaped grooves 3441. Sliding columns 3421 are fixedly connected to the baffles 342. The corresponding sliding columns 3421 are slidably connected to the arc-shaped grooves 3441. A rotating module 345 is connected to the end of the rotating seat 343 near the positioning rod 32.

[0059] The docking rod 33 is fixedly connected to the disc-shaped shell 341 via the folding rod 36, and the docking rod 33 and the push unit 31 are both connected to a return spring 37.

[0060] The rotating module 345 includes a cylindrical seat 3451 fixedly connected to the rotating base 343. The cylindrical seat 3451 is slidably connected to the positioning rod 32. The outer peripheral wall of the cylindrical seat 3451 is provided with an inclined groove 3452. The inner peripheral wall of the positioning rod 32 is fixedly connected with a guide block 3453 corresponding to and slidably connected to the inclined groove 3452.

[0061] The positioning rod 32 and the disc-shaped shell 341 are also connected to an adsorption module 346. The adsorption module 346 includes a ring magnet 3461 fixedly connected to the disc-shaped shell 341. A ring magnet 3462 that is magnetically attracted to the ring magnet 3461 is fixedly connected to the positioning rod 32. A stop block 3463 is slidably connected to one end of the positioning rod 32 near the push unit 31. The stop block 3463 and the ring magnet 3461 are fixedly connected by a connecting rod 3464 that slides through the positioning rod 32 and the ring magnet 3462.

[0062] A limiting seat 3465 is slidably connected to the positioning rod 32 between the stop block 3463 and the push unit 31. The lower end of the limiting seat 3465 is slidably connected to the chassis via a slide rail 3466. A stop 3467 is fixedly connected to the slide rail 3466.

[0063] The wall scraping assembly 35 includes an annular plate 351 fixedly connected to the disc-shaped shell 341. A scraper 353 is rotatably connected to the annular plate 351 via a torsion spring 352. The scraper 353 adopts a three-section design consisting of an inclined section, a horizontal section, and a vertical section.

[0064] Specifically, in the initial state, the docking rod 33 maintains its initial position under the elastic preload of the return spring 37, and the limiting seat 3465 abuts against the stop 3467 on the slide rail 3466, so that the first annular magnet 3461 and the second annular magnet 3462 are separated; the guide block 3453 is located at the right end limit position of the inclined groove 3452, driving the rotating seat 343 to maintain a specific initial rotation angle. At this angle, the sliding column 3421 is in the position closest to the central axis of the rotating seat 343 in the arc groove 3441, so that the four baffles 342 are all retracted inside the disc shell 341. The advantage of this retraction design is that it can reduce the radial space occupied by the positioning rod 32 when it extends into the elbow, ensuring smooth entry into the elbow; at the same time, the scraper 353 is tilted upward under the elastic preload of the torsion spring 352.

[0065] After the elbow 21 clamps the elbow, the push unit 31 moves to the left, and the return spring 37 pushes the docking rod 33 to move to the left in sync. The docking rod 33 is precisely inserted into the docking seat 225 below, realizing the initial coaxial positioning of the positioning rod 32 and the elbow. Since the docking rod 33 is rigidly connected to the disc shell 341 through the folding rod 36, when the docking rod 33 is inserted to the bottom of the docking seat 225, both the docking rod 33 and the disc shell 341 are limited and cannot move to the left (if the push unit 31 continues to move to the left, the return spring 37 will be elastically stretched). However, the positioning rod 32 continues to move to the left under the drive of the push unit 31, thus generating a relative axial displacement between it and the disc shell 341.

[0066] This relative displacement causes the guide block 3453 to slide along the inclined groove 3452 of the cylindrical seat 3451. The inclined groove 3452 guides the cylindrical seat 3451 to rotate around its own axis. The cylindrical seat 3451 synchronously drives the rotating seat 343 and the fan-shaped plate 344 to rotate. When the fan-shaped plate 344 rotates, its arc groove 3441 drives the four baffles 342 to slide outward along the disc shell 341 in a sliding fit with the sliding column 3421 until the outer end of the baffles 342 tightly abuts against the inner wall of the elbow, forming a closed protection behind the area to be cut inside the elbow. The core advantage of this design is that the relative displacement between the positioning rod 32 and the disc shell 341 drives the baffles 342 to expand. No additional power source is required. The structure is compact and has good synchronization. It can block the sparks and welding slag generated by laser cutting from the source to the depth of the inner wall of the elbow.

[0067] Meanwhile, the relative displacement between the positioning rod 32 and the disc-shaped shell 341 causes the first annular magnet 3461 and the second annular magnet 3462 to gradually approach and adhere to each other (during this process, the stop block 3463 and the connecting rod 3464 slide synchronously along the positioning rod 32 with the first annular magnet 3461 to achieve adaptive adjustment), and the stability of the expansion state of the baffle 342 is ensured by magnetic adsorption.

[0068] During the process of the disc-shaped shell 341 extending into the elbow, the inclined section of the scraper 353 contacts the inner wall of the elbow and is squeezed and deflected downwards. Under the elastic preload of the torsion spring 352, the horizontal section of the scraper 353 tightly abuts against the inner wall of the elbow. During the laser cutting operation, the elbow rotates synchronously with the elbow seat 21, while the scraper 353 remains stationary due to its fixed connection with the disc-shaped shell 341. The two form a relative rotational relationship. This relative rotation allows the scraper 353 to scrape off the welding slag attached to the inner wall of the elbow in real time, realizing the synchronous operation of cutting and slag scraping, and effectively avoiding the accumulation and solidification of welding slag.

[0069] After cutting, the push unit 31 drives the positioning rod 32 to move to the right and exit from the elbow. Since the first annular magnet 3461 and the second annular magnet 3462 remain in an adsorbed and attached state, the baffle 342 always maintains an expanded posture and exits synchronously with the positioning rod 32. The expanded baffle 342 can simultaneously carry the welding slag scraped off by the scraper 353 out of the elbow, ensuring that there is no welding slag residue inside the elbow. When the disc shell 341 completely exits the elbow, the cut and separated waste material is completely separated from the elbow. The scraper 353 returns to its initial raised state under the elastic pre-tightening force of the torsion spring 352, so that the waste material automatically slides down to the collection area below under the action of gravity, without the need for additional cleaning.

[0070] When the push unit 31 moves the positioning rod 32 to the right to a specific position, the limit seat 3465 and the stop 3467 on the slide rail 3466 abut against the limit again. When the push unit 31 continues to move to the right, the limit seat 3465 cannot move to the right synchronously with the positioning rod 32. Therefore, the stop block 3463 and the connecting rod 3464 forcibly block the annular magnet 1 3461 from moving to the right, causing a forced relative axial displacement between the annular magnet 1 3461 and the annular magnet 2 3462, and the two are released from the adsorption state. At the same time, this relative displacement causes the columnar seat 3451 and the positioning rod 32 to generate a reverse relative displacement. The guide block 3453 slides back to the initial position along the inclined groove 3452. The columnar seat 3451, the rotating seat 343 and the fan-shaped plate 344 rotate synchronously in the opposite direction, driving the baffle 342 to slide and retract radially inward, and re-store it inside the disc-shaped shell 341. The whole is reset to the initial state, ready for the next processing cycle. This reset mechanism uses mechanical limiting to force the separation of the magnet, ensuring the reliability of the retraction and reset of the baffle 342 and guaranteeing the stability of the equipment's cyclic operation.

[0071] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some of the technical features. Such modifications or substitutions will not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the protection scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A curved tube laser cutting equipment with an openable splash-proof protective structure, characterized in that, include: The laser cutting unit (1) includes a longitudinal guide rail (11), a laser cutting head (12) that is slidably connected to the longitudinal guide rail (11) and has a tapered design at the lower end, and a transverse guide rail (13) that drives the longitudinal guide rail (11) to move laterally. The clamping unit (2) includes two symmetrically arranged upper and lower bend seats (21) for clamping the bend, a positioning component (22) connected to the end of the bend seat (21) and working with the laser cutting head (12) to achieve precise positioning of the cutting point, and a driving component (23) for driving the two bend seats (21) to open, close and rotate to achieve clamping, reversing and rotating of the bend. The protective unit (3) includes a push unit (31) slidably connected to the chassis, a positioning rod (32) connected to the push unit (31), and a docking rod (33) slidably connected to the push unit (31). The docking rod (33) cooperates with the positioning component (22) to ensure the coaxiality between the positioning rod (32) and the elbow. A shielding component (34) is connected to the end of the positioning rod (32) away from the push unit (31) and inserted into the elbow during cutting to achieve shielding protection. A wall scraping component (35) is connected to the shielding component (34) to scrape off the welding slag on the inner wall. The positioning component (22) includes an arc-shaped seat (221), which is fixedly connected to the end of the bent seat (21). The two corresponding arc-shaped seats (221) on the two bent seats (21) are symmetrically distributed vertically. The upper arc-shaped seat (221) is damped and slidably connected to a positioning seat (222). The horizontal section of the positioning seat (222) is fixedly connected to a positioning hole (223). The inverted conical section of the laser cutting head (12) is fixedly connected to a limit ring (224). The lower arc-shaped seat (221) is damped and slidably connected to a docking seat (225) that is adapted to the docking rod (33). The shielding assembly (34) includes a disc-shaped shell (341) sleeved on the end of the positioning rod (32) away from the push unit (31). The disc-shaped shell (341) has four baffles (342) that slide radially along its circumference. The baffles (342) that are symmetrically arranged vertically are staggered with the baffles (342) that are symmetrically arranged front and back. A rotating seat (343) is rotatably connected to the center of the disc-shaped shell (341). A plurality of fan-shaped plates (344) that correspond one-to-one with the baffles (342) are uniformly fixedly connected to the rotating seat (343) along its circumference. The fan-shaped plates (344) have arc grooves (3441). A sliding column (3421) is fixedly connected to the baffle (342). The corresponding sliding column (3421) and the arc groove (3441) are slidably connected. A rotating module (345) is connected to the end of the rotating seat (343) near the positioning rod (32). The rotating module (345) includes a cylindrical seat (3451) fixedly connected to the rotating seat (343). The cylindrical seat (3451) is slidably connected to the positioning rod (32). The outer peripheral wall of the cylindrical seat (3451) is provided with an inclined groove (3452). The inner peripheral wall of the positioning rod (32) is fixedly connected with a guide block (3453) that corresponds to and is slidably connected to the inclined groove (3452). The positioning rod (32) and the disc shell (341) are also connected to an adsorption module (346). The adsorption module (346) includes a ring magnet (3461) fixedly connected to the disc shell (341). A ring magnet (3462) magnetically attracted to the ring magnet (3461) is fixedly connected to the positioning rod (32). A stop block (3463) is slidably connected to one end of the positioning rod (32) near the push unit (31). The stop block (3463) and the ring magnet (3461) are fixedly connected by a connecting rod (3464) slidably passing through the positioning rod (32) and the ring magnet (3462).

2. The curved tube laser cutting equipment with an openable splash-proof protective structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The drive assembly (23) includes a base (231), on which a support arm (232) is fixedly connected. The support arm (232) is rotatably connected to the lower curved seat (21). The lower end of the support arm (232) is connected to a drive motor that drives the lower curved seat (21) to rotate. A sliding arm (233) pushed by a cylinder is slidably connected to the right side of the base (231). The sliding arm (233) is rotatably connected to the upper curved seat (21).

3. The curved tube laser cutting equipment with an openable splash-proof protective structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The docking rod (33) is fixedly connected to the disc shell (341) via the folding rod (36), and the docking rod (33) and the push unit (31) are connected together by a return spring (37).

4. The curved tube laser cutting equipment with an openable splash-proof protective structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning rod (32) is slidably connected to the stop block (3463) and the push unit (31) via a limit seat (3465). The lower end of the limit seat (3465) is slidably connected to the chassis via a slide rail (3466). A stop seat (3467) is fixedly connected to the slide rail (3466).

5. The curved tube laser cutting equipment with an openable splash-proof protective structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The scraping assembly (35) includes an annular plate (351) fixedly connected to the disc-shaped shell (341). A scraper (353) is rotatably connected to the annular plate (351) via a torsion spring (352). The scraper (353) adopts a three-section design consisting of an inclined section, a horizontal section, and a vertical section.

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