An adaptive control integrated gas extraction device and method of active support-dynamic seal-caving prevention

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of coal mine gas control and safe mining, and particularly relates to a self-adaptive regulation and control active support-dynamic sealing-caving prevention integrated gas extraction device and method; the device comprises front and rear support casings sequentially arranged on a gas extraction pipe, bags respectively bound to the casings, and a caving prevention mechanism arranged between the bags; the extraction method comprises: lowering the device along with the extraction pipe to a predetermined position in a borehole; injecting cement-based hole sealing material into the bags to make them expand and solidify, forming end sealing; unfolding the active support mechanism; injecting non-solidified hole sealing material into the sealing area to achieve dynamic sealing; starting gas extraction; after the extraction is completed, the whole device is taken out and reused; the present application breaks through the technical bottleneck that non-solidified hole sealing material is difficult to use in broken soft coal seam areas, introduces a caving prevention device to achieve the synergistic effect of active support and self-adaptive sealing, improves the gas extraction efficiency and reliability, the device can be recycled and reused, and the comprehensive cost is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of coal mine gas control and safe mining technology, specifically to an adaptive and adjustable active support-dynamic sealing-anti-collapse integrated gas extraction device and method, which is particularly suitable for gas extraction borehole construction operations under conditions of complex geological structure, soft, broken or high ground stress, where borehole collapse, diameter reduction or blockage is prone to occur. Background Technology

[0002] Gas drainage is a fundamental technical approach to prevent gas accumulation in mines, eliminate the risk of coal and gas outbursts, and realize the resource utilization of gas. Its drainage effect and long-term stability directly affect the mine's safe production and disaster management level. In this technical system, the borehole sealing process is the core link to ensure the effective transmission of negative pressure during drainage, prevent air leakage, and thus guarantee the efficiency of high-concentration gas drainage. Currently, the project mainly relies on two types of sealing materials: traditional cement-based sealing materials and emerging non-solidifying sealing materials. Cement-based sealing materials can provide certain structural support after solidification, but their inherent brittleness makes them difficult to adapt to the effects of underground mining and the continuous rheology of the coal seam. During the drainage process, the stress redistribution of the surrounding rock strata easily generates new fractures, leading to the rupture of the cement seal, resulting in a decrease in gas drainage concentration and a decline in drainage efficiency. On the other hand, non-solidifying sealing materials have good permeability and thixotropy, enabling dynamic sealing of new fractures and achieving a multiple sealing effect of "sealing as leakage occurs." However, these materials lack sufficient mechanical strength and stiffness to provide effective radial support for the borehole wall. Under harsh conditions such as complex geological structures, soft coal seams, or high ground stress, the surrounding rock in the borehole sealing section has extremely poor self-stabilizing ability. Non-solidified sealing materials cannot actively resist the deformation of the surrounding rock and are unable to form a stable and dense sealing structure in dynamically unstable boreholes. This leads to repeated air leakage in the drainage borehole, greatly affecting gas drainage efficiency. Patent CN223293661U discloses a borehole anti-collapse device for gas drainage boreholes, but this device only activates and prevents borehole collapse after a collapse occurs, which is a passive anti-collapse measure. This can easily disturb the drainage pipeline and affect gas drainage efficiency. Furthermore, this device is only used for anti-collapse purposes and does not consider its synergistic effect with dynamic borehole sealing. Patent CN116291327A discloses a gas extraction device for soft coal seams. However, the anti-collapse function of this device mainly relies on the borehole casing filled with lightweight buffer concrete. This support is essentially passive and static, with a fixed support shape and mechanical properties. Furthermore, the segmented rigid connection may create mechanical weak points, easily leading to stress concentration and affecting the uniformity and continuity of the overall support, potentially causing failure under extreme conditions. In summary, existing borehole sealing technologies all have significant limitations. Therefore, developing a new type of borehole sealing device and synergistic process that possesses both active dynamic support capabilities to maintain borehole shape stability and can fully utilize the respective effectiveness of cement-based and non-solidified sealing materials to achieve adaptive and controllable dynamic sealing has become an urgent need to overcome the bottleneck of efficient gas extraction technology under complex geological conditions and further promote safe and efficient coal mine production. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention addresses the technical problem of poor stability of the sealing section during borehole gas extraction in soft coal seams or areas with complex geological structures, which easily leads to phenomena such as borehole collapse, diameter reduction, and blockage, resulting in low extraction efficiency and short service life. It provides an adaptive and adjustable integrated active support-dynamic sealing-anti-collapse gas extraction device.

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: a collapse prevention device for gas extraction, comprising concave slide rails symmetrically arranged on the outside of a gas extraction pipe, wherein the upper and lower concave slide rails are respectively fitted with 2n sliding table-type rotary joints, where n≥1; each pair of adjacent sliding table-type rotary joints forms a group, and a connecting arm connects adjacent groups of sliding table-type rotary joints; each sliding table-type rotary joint is hinged with a mechanical arm, and the top ends of the two mechanical arms hinged to each group of sliding table-type rotary joints are hinged together; the upper concave slide rails are respectively fitted with 2n sliding table-type rotary joints symmetrically arranged on the outside of a gas extraction pipe. The top of the robotic arm on the same side of the slide rail is connected to a curved support plate I, and the top of the robotic arm on the same side of the lower concave slide rail is connected to a curved support plate II. The curved support plates I and II are installed in a centrally symmetrical manner, and multiple regularly arranged through holes are opened on both curved support plates. A rigid connecting bridge connects the two sliding table-type rotary joints at corresponding positions of the upper and lower concave slide rails, and adjacent rigid connecting bridges are connected to each other in the horizontal direction. The sliding table-type rotary joint at the inner end of the upper concave slide rail is connected to a control lever, and the control lever is connected to an anti-collapse hole device control system.

[0005] An adaptive and adjustable integrated gas extraction device combining active support, dynamic sealing, and collapse prevention, comprising the aforementioned collapse prevention device, including:

[0006] A support device located in the borehole plugging section includes a front support sleeve and a rear support sleeve, and a front bladder and a rear bladder are respectively fitted on the outer sides of the front support sleeve and the rear support sleeve, and the two bladders are connected by a connecting pipe.

[0007] A gas extraction pipe passes through the front support sleeve and the rear support sleeve of the support device, and a flow meter is installed at the end of the pipe that extends out of the borehole; the anti-collapse device is installed on the outside of the gas extraction pipe located between the front support sleeve and the rear support sleeve.

[0008] A gas extraction system, which is connected to one end of a gas extraction pipe;

[0009] The grouting system includes a cement-based sealing material grouting pipe and a non-solidified sealing material grouting pipe. One end of the cement-based sealing material grouting pipe is connected to the rear bladder, and the other end extends out of the borehole and is connected to a second pump and a cement-based sealing material storage tank. The non-solidified sealing material grouting pipe passes through the rear support sleeve, allowing the grouting port to enter the sealing area of ​​the extraction borehole. The grouting port is located in the gap between curved support plate I and curved support plate II, and is not affected by the movement of the curved support plate. The end of the non-solidified sealing material grouting pipe extending out of the borehole is sequentially connected to a liquid pressure sensor, a first pump, a grouting / recovery pipeline, and a non-solidified sealing material storage tank.

[0010] An adaptive multiple intelligence control system, comprising:

[0011] Control module I, which is directly connected to the gas extraction system, is used to regulate the gas extraction system;

[0012] Control module II, which is connected to the flow meter and body pressure sensor, is used to collect the parameters detected by them and regulate the sensor monitoring system;

[0013] Control module III is connected to pump No. 1 and is used to control the start and stop of pump No. 1. It is linked with control module II to achieve precise grouting, intelligent grout replenishment, and control the grouting and recovery of non-solidified sealing materials.

[0014] Control module IV, connected to pump No. 2, is used to control the start and stop of pump No. 2, thereby controlling the grouting of cement-based sealing materials.

[0015] Control module V is connected to the control system of the anti-collapse hole device and is used to control the joystick. The control modules are interconnected.

[0016] As a further limitation of the technical solution of this invention, the diameter of the through hole is 0.5-1.5mm, allowing only non-solidified sealing materials to pass through, and prohibiting large-sized solid particles such as coal slag from passing through. The specific size is determined according to the working conditions. The actual size of the bi-curved support plate is determined by its cross-section (e.g., Figure 3 (As shown) The length 'a' of the major semi-axis of the ellipse is determined, and the length 'b' of the minor semi-axis changes synchronously with 'a'. The relationship between the central angle β of the semi-ellipse and the lengths of the major and minor semi-axis can be expressed as: The semi-elliptical central angle β of this device varies from 90° to 180°. This range corresponds to the continuously adjustable shape of the support plate from higher curvature to lower curvature, so as to meet the adaptation requirements of support coverage area and curvature under different working conditions.

[0017] As a further limitation of the technical solution of the present invention, the grouting / recovery pipeline includes a recovery pipeline and a grouting pipeline, both of which are connected to a No. 1 pump. A No. 1 ball valve is installed on the recovery pipeline and a No. 2 ball valve is installed on the grouting pipeline to open and close the two pipelines, thereby realizing the injection and recovery of non-solidified sealing materials.

[0018] As a further limitation of the technical solution of the present invention, the non-solidified sealing material storage tank is equipped with a liquid level gauge on the outside, which is connected to the liquid inside the tank, and is used to monitor the remaining amount of liquid material inside the tank in real time.

[0019] As a further limitation of the technical solution of the present invention, the front support sleeve is cylindrical in shape, with a gas extraction pipe perforation I reserved in the middle position in the axial direction, and the rest is a solid entity.

[0020] As a further limitation of the technical solution of the present invention, the rear support sleeve is cylindrical in shape, with a gas extraction pipe perforation II reserved in the middle position in the axial direction. Above this hole, there is a control lever perforation, and below it, there is a non-solidified sealing material grouting pipe perforation I. The non-solidified sealing material grouting pipe perforation II is reserved at a 90° angle to the non-solidified sealing material grouting pipe perforation I in the plane. Only one of the non-solidified sealing material grouting pipe perforation I and the non-solidified sealing material grouting pipe perforation II needs to be used to ensure that the hole is located in the middle and lower area of ​​the gas extraction pipe perforation. The rest of the rear support sleeve is a solid solid.

[0021] In addition, the present invention also provides an adaptive and adjustable integrated gas extraction method for active support, dynamic sealing, and collapse prevention, which uses the above-mentioned device and includes the following steps:

[0022] Step 1: After connecting the entire gas extraction device, insert it into the appropriate position inside the extraction borehole.

[0023] Step 2: Start control module IV. Pump No. 2 starts and inputs cement-based sealing material into the rear bladder. The cement-based sealing material flows to the front bladder through the connecting pipe. After the two bladders expand, they tightly adhere to the pore wall to form a sealing area.

[0024] Step 3: Start the control module V. The anti-collapse hole device control system starts to run. Push the control lever forward to retract the two sets of robotic arms in opposite directions and push them outward. The robotic arms lift the curved support plate I and the curved support plate II and make them fit against the hole wall. They continuously apply a thrust to the control lever. When the thrust reaches the preset value, stop applying the thrust and keep the thrust at this value.

[0025] Step 4: After the cement-based sealing material in the two bags has solidified and formed a stable sealing area, close control module IV and start control module III. Then open ball valve No. 2 and start pump No. 2 to continuously inject non-solidified sealing material into the sealing area through the grouting pipe. At the same time, start control module II to monitor the pressure sensor. When the reading reaches 1.5 MPa, it indicates that the grouting in the sealing area is complete, and control module III will automatically shut down.

[0026] Step 5: Start control module I. The gas extraction system will start running and begin gas extraction. When control module II shows an increase in the flow meter reading and a decrease in the pressure sensor reading, it indicates that new cracks have been generated in the sealing area. At this time, linkage control module III will start, and pump No. 1 will start to inject grout into the sealing area. Non-solidified sealing material will seep into the hole wall through the through holes on the curved support plate and fill the new cracks. After the flow sensor stabilizes and the pressure sensor reading recovers to 1.5 MPa, it indicates that the grouting is complete, and control module II will be shut down.

[0027] Step Six: In Control Module II, when the flow meter reading gradually decreases while the pressure sensor reading remains unchanged, it indicates that the gas extraction work has been completed. At this time, close Control Module I, start Control Module III, close Ball Valve No. 2, open Ball Valve No. 1, start Pump No. 1, and recover the non-solidified sealing material in the sealing area into the non-solidified sealing material storage tank. Start Control Module V, and the anti-collapse device control system begins to operate. Control the lever moves outward from the borehole, causing the two sets of opposing robotic arms to open outward and lower the upper curved support plate and lower curved support plate to their initial positions. Start Control Module IV, and Pump No. 2 begins to operate, replacing the material in the cement-based sealing material storage tank with MTJ-type cement solvent. MTJ-type cement solvent is continuously and slowly injected into Bag No. 1, slowly dissolving the cement-based sealing material in both bags. After the cement-based sealing material dissolves, the bags change from being attached to the borehole wall to being detached.

[0028] Step 7: After the gas extraction bag separates from the borehole wall, pull the gas extraction pipe and the entire support device outward and retrieve them. Clean each device so that it can be reused.

[0029] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0030] This invention combines the advantages of cement-based sealing materials and non-solidifying sealing materials, and designs an active support and anti-collapse device based on complex geological structures, exhibiting excellent strong anti-collapse and self-adaptive sealing effects. The main innovations of this invention are reflected in:

[0031] 1. This invention breaks through the technical bottleneck that non-solidified materials cannot be applied in soft and fractured coal seams. It organically combines "active mechanical support" with "flexible dynamic sealing" to form a technical paradigm of "support first, then seal, and support and sealing in synergy". This ensures the long-term stability and airtightness of the borehole under complex geological conditions and provides a complete and innovative solution for achieving efficient, long-term, and safe sealing of gas drainage boreholes in this type of coal seam.

[0032] 2. This invention innovatively introduces an active support and anti-collapse device in the middle of the sealing section. It provides proactive preventative support, changing the traditional passive "post-collapse treatment" approach. By precisely controlling the deployment stroke of the support plate through the linear displacement of the control lever, it achieves adaptive matching between the support force and the borehole size, improving the device's versatility and engineering applicability. Furthermore, the reaction force of the support plate tightly adhering to the borehole wall creates a bidirectional clamping and stabilizing effect on the gas extraction pipe, suppressing pipeline vibration and displacement during extraction and ensuring the long-term stable transmission of negative pressure during extraction.

[0033] 3. Cost savings. The reversible extension and retraction of the device support mechanism ensures that the support mechanism can be safely and completely detached from the borehole wall, creating conditions for the smooth removal of the entire device; the opening of the non-solidified sealing material grouting pipe is located in the lower part of the borehole, which can almost completely recover the non-solidified sealing material in the sealing area to the surface storage tank after the extraction is completed, realizing the recycling of materials and reducing the operating cost per borehole.

[0034] 4. By integrating an adaptive multi-element intelligent control system, this invention achieves intelligent linkage and closed-loop control of various functional units. The system can monitor borehole pressure and flow rate changes in real time, intelligently judge the generation of new fractures, and automatically trigger the grouting mechanism to form a dynamic sealing closed loop of "monitoring-judgment-grouting," realizing real-time dynamic sealing of the borehole and greatly improving the reliability, safety, and long-term operating efficiency of the gas extraction process. Attached Figure Description

[0035] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the adaptive control active support-dynamic sealing-collapse prevention integrated gas extraction device of the present invention.

[0036] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the anti-collapse device of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional schematic diagram of the anti-collapse device of the present invention.

[0038] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the rear support sleeve structure of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the front support sleeve structure of the present invention.

[0040] The markings in the image are as follows:

[0041] 1-Non-solidified sealing material storage tank; 2-Level gauge; 3-Anti-collapse hole device control system; 4-Recovery pipeline; 5-Grouting pipeline; 6-No. 2 ball valve; 7-No. 1 ball valve; 8-No. 1 pump; 9-No. 2 pump; 10-Cement-based sealing material storage tank; 11-Liquid pressure sensor; 12-Operating joystick; 13-Gas extraction system; 14-Flow meter; 15-Rear support sleeve; 16-Rear bladder; 17-Curved support plate I; 18-Robotic arm; 19-Connecting arm; 20-Concave slide rail; 21-Front bladder; 22-Front support sleeve; 23-Surrounding rock; 24-Adaptive multi-dimensional intelligent adjustment. Control system, 25-Control module I, 26-Control module II, 27-Control module III, 28-Control module IV, 29-Control module V, 30-Cement-based sealing material grouting pipe, 31-Gas extraction pipe, 32-Non-solidified sealing material grouting pipe, 33-Curved support plate II, 34-Rigid connecting bridge, 35-Connecting pipe, 36-Slide table type rotary joint, 37-Operating lever perforation, 38-Gas extraction pipe perforation II, 39-Non-solidified sealing material grouting pipe perforation II, 40-Non-solidified sealing material grouting pipe perforation I, 41-Gas extraction pipe perforation I, 42-Through hole. Detailed Implementation

[0042] The present invention will be further described below with reference to specific embodiments. Example 1

[0043] like Figure 1 As shown, an adaptive and adjustable integrated gas extraction device combining active support, dynamic sealing, and collapse prevention includes:

[0044] A support device, located in the borehole sealing section, includes a front support sleeve 22 and a rear support sleeve 15. A front bladder 21 and a rear bladder 16 are respectively fitted onto the outer sides of the front support sleeve 22 and the rear support sleeve 15, and the two bladders are connected by a connecting pipe 35. The front bladder 21 and the rear bladder 16 are tightly bound to the outer periphery of the front support sleeve 22 and the rear support sleeve 15, respectively. The two are fluidly connected through the connecting pipe and can expand synergistically after grouting, tightly fitting against the borehole wall to form a sealed annular sealing area at both ends. The connecting pipe connects the two bladders and is arranged in the spatial gap outside the curved support plate. Its position and path are optimized to ensure that it is not disturbed or damaged during the operation of the support plate.

[0045] The gas extraction pipe 31, as the core extraction channel, passes through the front support sleeve 22 and the rear support sleeve 15 of the support device, and extends continuously to the outside of the borehole on the central axis of the device. A flow meter 14 is also installed at one end of the pipe that extends out of the borehole.

[0046] Anti-collapse devices, such as Figure 2 and3 As shown, it is located outside the gas extraction pipe 31 between the front support sleeve 22 and the rear support sleeve 15; it includes concave slide rails 20 that are symmetrically arranged on the outside of the gas extraction pipe 31 and are fitted on the upper and lower sides respectively. The interior of the upper and lower concave slide rails 20 are respectively fitted with 2n sliding table type rotary joints 36, where n≥1; each pair of adjacent sliding table type rotary joints 36 is a group, and a connecting arm 19 is connected between adjacent groups of sliding table type rotary joints 36 to ensure that the sliding table type rotary joints 36 on each slide groove move in coordination; Each of the sliding rotary joints 36 is hinged with a robotic arm 18. The top ends of the two robotic arms 18 hinged together with each set of sliding rotary joints 36 are hinged together. The top ends of the robotic arms 18 on the same side as the upper concave slide rail 20 are connected to a curved support plate I 17. The top ends of the robotic arms 18 on the same side as the lower concave slide rail 20 are connected to a curved support plate II 33. The top ends of the robotic arms 18 are connected to the rotary joints welded to the support plates, so that the support plates can rotate around the sliding rotary joints. The curved support plates I 17 and II 33 are installed in a centrally symmetrical manner. The support plates are provided with regularly arranged through holes 42. The outer contour of the support plate is adapted to the shape of the borehole wall. The size can be determined according to the area to be covered by the borehole collapse range required by the specific working conditions. It is related to the central angle β of the semi-ellipse (the actual size of the curved support plate I (17) and the curved support plate II (33) is determined by their cross-section as shown in the figure). Figure 3 The length 'a' of the major semi-axis of the ellipse shown is determined by 'a', and the length 'b' of the minor semi-axis changes synchronously with 'a'. The relationship between the central angle β of the semi-ellipse and the lengths of the major and minor semi-axis can be expressed as: The semi-elliptical central angle β of this device varies from 90° to 180°. Its inner side is connected to the robotic arm 18 via a rotary joint, while its outer side is used to directly contact and support the hole wall. A rigid connecting bridge 34 connects the two sliding table-type rotary joints 36 at corresponding positions on the upper and lower concave slide rails 20. Adjacent rigid connecting bridges 34 are interconnected in the horizontal direction, ensuring coordinated movement of the sliding table-type rotary joints 36 on the upper and lower surfaces of the concave slide rail 20, achieving stable expansion and retraction of the overall structure. A control lever 12 is connected to the sliding table-type rotary joint 36 at the inner end of the upper concave slide rail 20. The control lever 12 is connected to the anti-collapse hole device control system 3. The connecting pipe 35 is spatially located in the gap outside the curved support plate I 17 and the curved support plate II 33, and is not affected by the movement of the curved support plate.

[0047] The gas extraction system 13 is connected to one end of the gas extraction pipe 31;

[0048] The grouting system includes a cement-based sealing material grouting pipe 30 and a non-solidified sealing material grouting pipe 32. One end of the cement-based sealing material grouting pipe 30 is connected to the rear bladder 16, and the other end extends out of the borehole and is connected to a second pump 9 and a cement-based sealing material storage tank 10. The non-solidified sealing material grouting pipe 32 passes through the rear support sleeve 15, allowing the grouting port to enter the sealing area of ​​the extraction borehole. The grouting port is located in the gap between the curved support plate I 17 and the curved support plate II 33, and is not affected by the movement of the curved support plate. The end of the non-solidified sealing material grouting pipe 32 extending out of the borehole is sequentially connected to a liquid pressure sensor 11, a first pump 8, a grouting / recovery pipeline, and a non-solidified sealing material storage tank 1. The liquid pressure sensor 11 is used to monitor the liquid pressure in the pipeline. The sensor signal is connected to the control system to provide key pressure feedback data for grouting, pressure holding, and grout replenishment, realizing precise monitoring and intelligent adjustment of the sealing pressure.

[0049] Adaptive multiple intelligence control system 24, the system comprising:

[0050] Control module I25 is directly connected to the gas extraction system 13 and is used to regulate the gas extraction system 13.

[0051] Control module II26, as the system sensing center, is connected to flow meter 14 and body pressure sensor 11. It is used to collect the parameters detected by them and regulate the sensor monitoring system; and to provide data support for system decision-making.

[0052] Control module III27 is connected to pump 8 and is used to control the opening and closing of pump 8. It is linked with control module II26 to achieve precise grouting, intelligent grout replenishment, and control the grouting and recovery of non-solidified sealing materials.

[0053] The control module IV28, connected to pump 9, is used to control the opening and closing of pump 9, thereby controlling the grouting of cement-based sealing materials and realizing the filling, expansion and final curing and sealing of the bladder.

[0054] The control module V29 is connected to the control system 3 of the anti-collapse hole device and is used to control the joystick 12. The control modules are connected by electrical and signal connections to achieve coordinated linkage.

[0055] Furthermore, the grouting / recovery pipeline includes a recovery pipeline 4 and a grouting pipeline 5, both of which are connected to a pump 8. A ball valve 7 is installed on the recovery pipeline 4, and a ball valve 6 is installed on the grouting pipeline 5, for opening and closing the two pipelines to realize the injection and recovery of non-solidified sealing materials.

[0056] Furthermore, the non-solidified sealing material storage tank 1 is equipped with a liquid level gauge 2 on the outside, which is connected to the liquid inside the tank and is used to monitor the remaining amount of liquid material inside the tank in real time.

[0057] Furthermore, such as Figure 5 As shown, the front support sleeve 22 is cylindrical in shape, with a gas extraction pipe perforation I41 pre-drilled at the center of the axial direction; the rest is a solid solid. The sleeve is designed as a cylindrical solid component, providing a robust structure and stable foundation support for the front end of the device. The core functional interface features a gas extraction pipe perforation at the axial center of the sleeve, used for precise penetration and positioning of the gas extraction pipe, ensuring the straightness and centering of the extraction channel. The front-end positioning function, acting as the front-end positioning component of the device, works in conjunction with the rear support sleeve to jointly determine the axial position and spatial orientation of the entire device in the borehole.

[0058] Furthermore, such as Figure 4 As shown, the rear support sleeve 15 is cylindrical in shape. A gas extraction pipe perforation II 38 is pre-drilled at the center of the axial direction. Above this perforation is an operating lever perforation 37, and below it is a non-solidified sealing material grouting pipe perforation I 40. A non-solidified sealing material grouting pipe perforation II 39 is pre-drilled at a 90° angle to the non-solidified sealing material grouting pipe perforation I 40 on the plane. Only one of the non-solidified sealing material grouting pipe perforation I 40 or II 39 needs to be used; the other is sealed with a plug. This ensures that the working hole is located in the lower-middle region of the gas extraction pipe perforation 38, which is beneficial for the full filling and distribution of the grouting material. The rest of the rear support sleeve 15 is a solid entity, providing a stable structural foundation and anchoring support for the entire device within the hole.

[0059] Furthermore, pump 8 is connected to the non-solidified sealing material storage tank 1 via grouting pipe 5 and recovery pipe 4, and is also connected to the non-solidified sealing material grouting pipe 32, responsible for the injection and recovery of the non-solidified sealing material. Pump 9 is connected to the cement-based sealing material storage tank 10 via pipe and is also connected to the cement-based sealing material grouting pipe 30, responsible for the transportation of the cement-based sealing material. Grouting pipe 5 connects the non-solidified sealing material storage tank 1 and pump 8, used to transport the non-solidified sealing material into the borehole. Recovery pipe 4 connects pump 8 and the non-solidified sealing material storage tank 10, used to return the non-solidified sealing material from the borehole back into the tank.

[0060] Furthermore, ball valve 7 is installed on the recovery pipe 4 to control the on / off state of the recovery process. Ball valve 2 is installed on the grouting pipe 5 to control the on / off state of the grouting process. The non-solidified sealing material grouting pipe 32 is connected to pump 8 and extends to the borehole sealing area for injecting and recovering non-solidified sealing material. The cement-based sealing material grouting pipe 30 is connected to pump 9 and extends to the rear bladder 16 for injecting cement grout. Example 2

[0061] An adaptive and adjustable integrated active support-dynamic sealing-collapse prevention gas extraction method, using the device described in Example 1, includes the following steps:

[0062] Step 1: Bind the rear bladder 16 to the rear support sleeve 15, and the front bladder 21 to the front support sleeve 22. Place the front support sleeve 22 onto the front end of the gas extraction pipe 31 as the first plug. Based on the geological conditions understood before the extraction work, determine the direction of the collapse hole, then place the entire active support anti-collapse device onto the extraction pipe. Rotate it according to the direction of the collapse hole to a direction that can support the collapse. Then, insert the gas extraction pipe perforation II 38 of the rear support sleeve 15 into the gas extraction pipe 31. Connect the two bladders with a connecting pipe 35. Insert the operating rod 12 into the operating rod perforation 37 of the rear support sleeve 15; insert the non-solidified sealing material grouting pipe 32 into one of the holes in the lower part of the gas extraction pipe 31, either the non-solidified sealing material grouting pipe perforation I 40 or the non-solidified sealing material grouting pipe perforation II 39, of the rear support sleeve 15. Seal the other hole with a metal plug. At this point, the assembly of the device in the borehole area is complete. The entire sealing device is then inserted into the appropriate position inside the drainage borehole along with the gas extraction pipe.

[0063] Step 2: Load non-solidifying sealing material into the non-solidifying sealing material storage tank 1. The level gauge 2 can display the remaining liquid in the tank. Load a calculated amount of cement-based sealing material into the cement-based sealing material storage tank 10. Start the control module IV28, and the second pump 9 starts, feeding the cement-based sealing material into the rear bladder 16. The cement-based sealing material flows through the connecting pipe 35 to the front bladder 21. After the two bladders expand, they tightly adhere to the pore wall, forming a sealing area.

[0064] Step 3: Start the control module V29. The anti-collapse hole device control system 3 starts to operate. Push the control lever 12 forward to retract the two sets of robotic arms 18 in opposite directions and push them outward. The robotic arms 18 lift the curved support plate I 17 and the curved support plate II 33 to fit against the hole wall and continuously apply a thrust to the control lever 12. When the thrust reaches the preset value, stop applying the thrust and keep the thrust at this value. The set value is adjusted according to different geological conditions, such as 10KN, 20KN, 30KN, etc., to achieve active support.

[0065] Step 4: After the cement-based sealing material in the two bags has solidified and formed a stable sealing area, close control module IV28 and start control module III27. Then open ball valve 6 and start pump 9 to continuously inject non-solidified sealing material into the sealing area through grouting pipe 5. At the same time, start control module II26 to monitor pressure sensor 11. When the reading reaches 1.5 MPa, it indicates that grouting in the sealing area is complete, and control module III27 will automatically shut down.

[0066] Step 5: Start control module I 25. The gas extraction system 13 starts running and performs gas extraction. When control module II 26 shows that the flow meter 14 reading increases and the pressure sensor 11 reading decreases, it is determined that new cracks have been generated in the sealing area. At this time, linkage control module III 27 starts and pump 8 starts to inject grout into the sealing area. After the flow sensor 14 stabilizes and the pressure sensor 11 reading recovers to 1.5 MPa, it indicates that the grouting is completed, and control module II 26 is turned off.

[0067] Step Six: During the extraction process, observe the reading of level gauge 2. When the reading falls below the red line, promptly replenish the non-solidifying sealing material into the non-solidifying sealing material storage tank 1. Replace the material in the cement-based sealing material storage tank 10 with MTJ-type cement solvent for later use.

[0068] Step 7: In control module II 26, when the reading of flow meter 14 gradually decreases to 0 and the reading of pressure sensor 11 remains unchanged, it indicates that the gas extraction work has been completed. At this time, control module I 25 is closed, control module III 27 is started, ball valve 6 is closed, ball valve 7 is opened, pump 8 is started, and the non-solidified sealing material in the sealing area is recovered into the non-solidified sealing material storage tank 1. Control module V 29 is started, and the anti-collapse device control system 3 starts to operate. The control lever 12 moves to the outside of the borehole, causing the two sets of opposite-direction robotic arms 18 to open outward and the upper curved support plate 13 and lower curved support plate 33 to descend to their initial positions. Control module IV 28 is started, pump 9 starts to operate, and MTJ type cement solvent is continuously and slowly injected into the first bag 16 to slowly dissolve the cement-based sealing material in the two bags. After the cement-based sealing material is dissolved, the bags change from being attached to the borehole wall to being detached.

[0069] Step 8: After the gas extraction bag separates from the borehole wall, pull the gas extraction pipe and the entire support device outward and retrieve them. Clean each device so that it can be reused.

[0070] It should be understood that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and are not intended to limit it. Without departing from the essential spirit of the present invention, those skilled in the art can make various adjustments and modifications to the present invention in form and detail, and all such adjustments and modifications should fall within the protection scope defined by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. An integrated gas extraction device with adaptive control, active support, dynamic sealing, and anti-collapse features, characterized in that, include: The support device is located in the borehole sealing section. The support device includes a front support sleeve (22) and a rear support sleeve (15). The front support sleeve (22) and the rear support sleeve (15) are respectively fitted with a front bladder (21) and a rear bladder (16) on their outer sides. The two bladders are connected by a connecting pipe (35). The rear support sleeve (15) is cylindrical in shape. A gas extraction pipe perforation II (38) is reserved in the middle position in the axial direction. An operating rod perforation (37) is reserved above the perforation. The square has a pre-reserved non-solidified sealing material grouting pipe perforation I (40), and a pre-reserved non-solidified sealing material grouting pipe perforation II (39) is reserved at a 90° angle to the non-solidified sealing material grouting pipe perforation I (40) on the plane. Only one of the non-solidified sealing material grouting pipe perforation I (40) and non-solidified sealing material grouting pipe perforation II (39) needs to be used. Ensure that the hole is located in the middle and lower area of ​​the gas extraction pipe perforation II (38). The rest of the rear support sleeve (15) is a solid solid. A gas extraction pipe (31) passes through the front support sleeve (22) and the rear support sleeve (15) of the support device, and a flow meter (14) is installed at the end of the pipe that extends out of the borehole. An anti-collapse device is installed on the outside of the gas extraction pipe (31) located between the front support sleeve (22) and the rear support sleeve (15). The anti-collapse device includes concave slide rails (20) that are symmetrically distributed on the outside of the gas extraction pipe (31). The upper and lower concave slide rails (20) are respectively fitted with 2n sliding table rotary joints (36), where n≥1. Each pair of adjacent sliding table rotary joints (36) is a group, and a connecting arm (19) is connected between adjacent groups of sliding table rotary joints (36). Each sliding table rotary joint (36) is hinged with a mechanical arm (18). Two mechanical arms are hinged together with each group of sliding table rotary joints (36). The top of (18) is hinged together. The top of the robotic arm (18) on the same side as the upper concave slide rail (20) is connected to a curved support plate I (17). The top of the robotic arm (18) on the same side as the lower concave slide rail (20) is connected to a curved support plate II (33). The curved support plate I (17) and the curved support plate II (33) are installed in a centrally symmetrical manner. Multiple regularly arranged through holes (42) are opened on both curved support plates. A rigid connecting bridge (34) is connected between the two sliding table type rotary joints (36) at the corresponding positions of the upper and lower concave slide rails (20). Adjacent rigid connecting bridges (34) are connected to each other in the horizontal direction. The sliding table type rotary joint (36) at the inner end of the upper concave slide rail (20) is connected to a control lever (12). The control lever (12) is connected to an anti-collapse hole device control system (3). A gas extraction system (13) is connected to one end of a gas extraction pipe (31); The grouting system includes a cement-based sealing material grouting pipe (30) and a non-solidified sealing material grouting pipe (32). One end of the cement-based sealing material grouting pipe (30) is connected to the rear bladder (16), and the other end extends out of the borehole and is connected to a second pump (9) and a cement-based sealing material storage tank (10). The non-solidified sealing material grouting pipe (32) passes through the rear support sleeve (15) and the grouting port enters the sealing area of ​​the extraction borehole. The grouting port is located in the gap between the curved support plate I (17) and the curved support plate II (33) and is not affected by the movement of the curved support plate. The end of the non-solidified sealing material grouting pipe (32) extending out of the borehole is sequentially connected to a liquid pressure sensor (11), a first pump (8), grouting and recovery pipelines, and a non-solidified sealing material storage tank (1). An adaptive multiple intelligence control system (24) comprising: Control module I (25) is directly connected to the gas extraction system (13) and is used to regulate the gas extraction system (13). Control module II (26), which is connected to flow meter (14) and liquid pressure sensor (11), is used to collect the parameters detected by them and regulate the sensor monitoring system; Control module III (27) is connected to pump No. 1 (8) and is used to control the opening and closing of pump No. 1 (8). It is linked with control module II (26) to achieve precise grouting, intelligent grout replenishment, and control the grouting and recycling of non-solidified sealing materials. Control module IV (28) is connected to pump No. 2 (9) and is used to control the opening and closing of pump No. 2 (9), thereby controlling the grouting of cement-based sealing materials; The control module V (29) is connected to the anti-collapse hole device control system (3) and is used to control the joystick (12). The control modules are linked together.

2. The adaptive control active support-dynamic sealing-collapse prevention integrated gas extraction device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The diameter of the through hole (42) is 0.5-1.5 mm.

3. The adaptive control active support-dynamic sealing-collapse prevention integrated gas extraction device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The grouting and recovery pipeline includes a recovery pipeline (4) and a grouting pipeline (5), both of which are connected to a No. 1 pump (8). A No. 1 ball valve (7) is installed on the recovery pipeline (4), and a No. 2 ball valve (6) is installed on the grouting pipeline (5) to open and close the two pipelines, thereby realizing the injection and recovery of non-solidified sealing materials.

4. The adaptive control active support-dynamic sealing-collapse prevention integrated gas extraction device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The non-solidified sealing material storage tank (1) is equipped with a level gauge (2) on the outside, which is connected to the liquid inside the tank and is used to monitor the remaining amount of liquid material inside the tank in real time.

5. The adaptive control active support-dynamic sealing-collapse prevention integrated gas extraction device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The front support sleeve (22) is cylindrical in shape, with a gas extraction pipe perforation I (41) reserved in the middle position in the axial direction, and the rest is a solid solid.

6. An adaptive and adjustable integrated active support-dynamic sealing-collapse prevention gas extraction method, using the device described in any one of claims 1-5, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: After connecting the entire gas extraction device, insert it into the appropriate position inside the extraction borehole. Step 2: Start control module IV (28), start pump 2 (9), input cement-based sealing material into the rear bladder (16), and the cement-based sealing material flows to the front bladder (21) through the connecting pipe (35). After the two bladders expand, they tightly adhere to the hole wall to form a sealing area. Step 3: Start the control module V (29), the anti-collapse hole device control system (3) starts to run, push the control lever (12) forward, and retract the two sets of opposite mechanical arms (18) and push them outward. The mechanical arms (18) lift the curved support plate I (17) and the curved support plate II (33) to fit against the hole wall, and continuously apply a thrust to the control lever (12). When the thrust reaches the preset value, stop applying the thrust and keep the thrust at this value. Step 4: After the cement-based sealing material in the two bags has solidified and formed a stable sealing area, close control module IV (28) and start control module III (27). Then open ball valve No. 2 (6) and start pump No. 2 (9). Continuously inject non-solidified sealing material into the sealing area through grouting pipe (5). The non-solidified sealing material seals the middle section sealing area through the through hole (42). At the same time, start control module II (26) to monitor the liquid pressure sensor (11). When the reading reaches 1.5MPa, it indicates that the grouting in the sealing area is completed, and control module III (27) automatically closes. Step 5: Start control module I (25), gas extraction system (13) starts running and performs gas extraction. When control module II (26) shows that the flow meter (14) reading increases and the liquid pressure sensor (11) reading decreases, it is determined that new cracks have been generated in the sealing area. At this time, linkage control module III (27) starts and pump No. 1 (8) starts to replenish grout in the sealing area. After the flow meter (14) stabilizes and the liquid pressure sensor (11) reading recovers to 1.5MPa, it indicates that the grouting is completed and control module II (26) is turned off. Step 6: In control module II (26), when the flow meter (14) reading gradually decreases to 0 and the liquid pressure sensor (11) reading remains unchanged, it indicates that the gas extraction work has been completed. At this time, close control module I (25), start control module III (27), close ball valve No. 2 (6), open ball valve No. 1 (7), start pump No. 1 (8), and recover the non-solidified sealing material in the sealing area into the non-solidified sealing material storage tank (1). Start control module V (29), and the anti-collapse device control system (3) starts running. The longitudinal rod (12) moves outward from the borehole, causing the two sets of opposing robotic arms (18) to open outward and lower the curved support plate I (17) and curved support plate II (33) to their initial positions; the control module IV (28) is activated, and the second pump (9) starts running, replacing the material in the cement-based sealing material storage tank (10) with cement solvent, and continuously and slowly injecting cement solvent into the rear bag (16) to slowly dissolve the cement-based sealing material in the two bags. After the cement-based sealing material is dissolved, the bags change from being attached to the borehole wall to being detached. Step 7: After the gas extraction bag separates from the borehole wall, pull the gas extraction pipe and the entire support device outward and retrieve them. Clean each device so that it can be reused.

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