Metal floor polishing anti-explosion dust removal system based on flow field self-adaptive adjustment and control method of metal floor polishing anti-explosion dust removal system

Abstract

The invention provides a metal floor polishing anti-explosion dust removal system based on flow field self-adaptive adjustment and a control method thereof, and the system comprises a fixed cover which is provided with at least one dust suction port and is used for being connected with a dust suction fan; the fixed cover is used for being fixedly installed on a lifting module of a movable operation machine and used for installing a floating grinding head. The floating cover is communicated with the fixed cover, is suspended below the fixed cover through an elastic supporting mechanism, is used for covering the periphery of the lower part of the floating grinding head, and can be tightly attached to a floor under the pressure of the elastic supporting mechanism when the floating grinding head descends for grinding; the telescopic connecting piece is connected between the fixed cover and the floating cover in a sealed mode and allows the fixed cover and the floating cover to move relatively in the axial direction. At least one of the technical problems that in the metal floor polishing operation, dynamic sealing of the dust suction hood fails, the aluminum powder has fire blast potential safety hazards, and the polishing quality is disturbed due to too large dust suction negative pressure is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the technical field of industrial robots and automated surface treatment, and in particular to an explosion-proof dust removal system for grinding metal floors based on adaptive flow field adjustment and its control method. Background Technology

[0002] In the manufacturing of rail transit vehicles such as high-speed trains and subways, the surface of aluminum alloy flooring needs to be roughened to increase the adhesion of subsequent adhesives. This process currently faces three major technical challenges: Dynamic seal failure: Existing floating grinding heads, such as force-controlled grinding heads, will float up and down with the floor undulations during operation (Z-axis displacement). If the dust hood is fixed to the frame, the hood will be suspended when the grinding head sinks, causing dust to spill out. If the dust hood is movable on the frame, it is easy to create momentary gaps when it floats with the grinding head, resulting in the leakage of extremely fine aluminum powder.

[0003] Flammability and explosion hazards: The aluminum powder produced during grinding is classified as a Class 1 explosive dust. In a closed pipeline, without active intervention on the "flow field temperature" or "dust concentration," sparks generated during grinding can easily cause an explosion within the negative pressure pipeline.

[0004] Negative pressure adsorption interference: In pursuit of high dust removal efficiency, traditional systems often use high-power dust collection, resulting in excessive negative pressure inside the hood, which "sucks" the grinding head to the floor, seriously interfering with the effect of precision force control grinding and causing uneven grinding. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of this invention is to provide an explosion-proof dust removal system and control method for metal floor grinding based on flow field adaptive adjustment, which solves at least one of the technical problems in metal floor grinding operations: failure of dynamic sealing of dust hood, potential fire and explosion hazards of aluminum powder, and excessive negative pressure of dust collection interfering with grinding quality.

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: In a first aspect, the present invention provides an explosion-proof dust removal system for grinding metal floors based on adaptive flow field adjustment, comprising: A fixed cover is provided with at least one dust suction port for connecting a dust suction fan; the fixed cover is used to fix and install the lifting module of the mobile operating machine, and is also used to install the floating grinding head. The floating cover, which is connected to the fixed cover, is suspended below the fixed cover by an elastic support mechanism. It is used to cover the outer periphery of the lower part of the floating grinding head and can be pressed tightly against the floor by the pressure of the elastic support mechanism when the floating grinding head descends for grinding. The telescopic connector is sealed between the fixed cover and the floating cover, allowing relative axial displacement between the two.

[0007] Furthermore, the openings of the fixed cover and the floating cover face downwards, and the upper part of the floating cover is provided with a connecting frame and is divided into communicating holes.

[0008] Furthermore, the suction port extends into the cover, and its lower port extends into the fixed cover or the floating cover.

[0009] Furthermore, the elastic support mechanism includes: A connecting rod connects the fixed cover and the connecting frame. A spring is fitted onto the connecting rod and is located above the connecting frame.

[0010] Furthermore, an adjusting sleeve is screwed onto the upper part of the connecting rod, and the adjusting sleeve abuts against the upper end of the spring to adjust the preload of the spring.

[0011] Furthermore, the inner peripheral wall of the floating hood is also provided with an active air jet port, which is used to form an air curtain between the floating hood and the floor after a certain pressure gas is introduced, so as to prevent dust from overflowing.

[0012] Furthermore, the active jet nozzle adopts a ring of inwardly inclined oblique holes or slits, which are connected to an annular air passage opened inside the floating shroud.

[0013] Furthermore, it also includes a displacement sensor to obtain the amount of floating of the grinding head at the bottom of the floating grinding head, so that when the amount of floating or displacement of the grinding head exceeds a threshold, the controller will increase the jet pressure of the active jet nozzle to a set value.

[0014] Furthermore, it also includes: Temperature sensor is used to measure the airflow temperature inside the hood or vacuum duct so that the controller can stop the system from working when the temperature or temperature rise exceeds the threshold. A pressure sensor is used to measure the negative pressure inside the hood or in the suction pipe, so that when the negative pressure exceeds a threshold, the controller can reduce the suction pressure.

[0015] Secondly, the present invention also provides a method for controlling explosion-proof dust removal during metal floor grinding based on adaptive flow field adjustment, applied to the above-mentioned system, comprising the following steps: During the cleaning phase, when the floating cover is at a predetermined height from the ground, turn on the vacuum cleaner to the preset cleaning setting and turn on the air curtain to the preset cleaning setting to clean the floor; During the polishing stage, after the floating cover contacts the ground, the vacuum cleaner is adjusted to the preset working position and the air curtain pressure is adjusted to the preset maintenance position to seal the edge of the floating cover. During the floating phase, when the displacement or rate of change of the grinding head is detected to exceed the set threshold, the air curtain pressure is increased to the preset enhancement level and maintained for a preset time to prevent dust from overflowing. In the final stage, after the grinding head is lifted, the vacuuming process continues for a delay to remove any remaining dust.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: This invention employs a dual-layer cover structure combining static and dynamic elements. An elastic support mechanism keeps the floating cover firmly attached to the floor, while telescopic connectors coordinate the movement of the grinding head and the cover, effectively addressing the issue of dynamic seal failure to some extent. Simultaneously, by incorporating an active air curtain at the bottom of the floating cover, the pressure can be instantly increased to create a dynamic pneumatic seal during sudden surges in floating conditions, compensating for physical gaps and further optimizing the dynamic seal under unexpected circumstances, preventing dust leakage. Furthermore, while creating the dynamic pneumatic seal, the airflow from the air curtain, directed inwards, guides the airflow within the cover to form a directional backflow, pushing dust towards the suction port, thereby promoting flow and enhancing suction efficiency.

[0017] Based on this, displacement sensors, pressure sensors, and temperature sensors are used to monitor the state inside the hood in real time. The controller can adaptively adjust the vacuum negative pressure and air curtain pressure according to the feedback, so as to avoid the interference of high negative pressure on the constant force control of the grinding head, ensure the uniformity of grinding quality, and ensure the instantaneous sealing effect under sudden floating conditions.

[0018] Furthermore, this application utilizes a temperature sensor to monitor airflow temperature in real time. Upon detecting abnormal temperature rises or sudden temperature changes, it can promptly cut off the air curtain supply, stop grinding, and / or activate forced exhaust, thus enhancing the capability from passive protection to active explosion-proof. By extending the dust suction port into the hood, the dust extraction path is shortened, and the flow field inside the hood is optimized, further reducing dust accumulation and the risk of combustion and explosion. The above technical solutions ensure efficient dust removal while also considering the stability of the grinding process and operational safety, providing a new technical approach for active explosion-proof dust removal in mobile grinding robots. Attached Figure Description

[0019] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0020] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the first structure of the metal floor grinding explosion-proof dust removal system based on flow field adaptive adjustment provided in this embodiment, wherein the grinding head is in the grinding state and the floating cover is in close contact with the floor under the action of a spring; Figure 2This is a partial schematic diagram of the second structure of the metal floor grinding explosion-proof dust removal system based on flow field adaptive adjustment provided in this embodiment; Figure 3 This is a top view showing the arrangement of the floating cover and the dust suction port provided in this embodiment; Figure 4 for Figure 1 A magnified view of a portion of point A in the middle; Figure 5 for Figure 3 A magnified view of a portion of point B in the middle; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the working operation of the metal floor grinding explosion-proof dust removal system based on flow field adaptive adjustment provided in this embodiment; Figure 7 This is a block diagram illustrating the principle of intelligent control for an explosion-proof dust removal system for metal floor grinding based on adaptive flow field adjustment, as provided in this embodiment.

[0021] Figure label: 10-Fixing cover; 11-Dust suction port; 20-Floating shroud; 21-Connecting frame; 22-Connecting hole; 23-Active jet nozzle; 24-Annular air passage; 25-Air inlet; 30 - Elastic support mechanism; 31 - Connecting rod; 32 - Spring; 33 - Adjusting sleeve; 40 - Telescopic connector; 50 - Floating grinding head; 51 - Grinding head. Detailed Implementation

[0022] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] The following detailed description of some embodiments of the present invention is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features can be combined with each other.

[0024] I. Examples This embodiment provides an explosion-proof dust removal system for grinding metal floors based on adaptive flow field adjustment. Please refer to [link / reference]. Figure 1-6As shown, the system consists of a fixed cover 10, a floating cover 20, and a telescopic connector 40. The fixed cover 10 is equipped with a dust suction port 11 to connect to a dust suction fan and is fixedly installed on the lifting module of the mobile operating machine. The floating cover 20 is connected to the fixed cover 10 and is suspended below the fixed cover 10 by an elastic support mechanism 30, covering the lower periphery of the floating grinding head 50. When the grinding head 51 descends for grinding, it can be pressed tightly against the floor. The telescopic connector 40 is sealed between the fixed cover 10 and the floating cover 20, allowing relative axial displacement between the two. The telescopic connector 40 can be made of high-temperature resistant, flame-retardant material with a certain thickness and toughness (to withstand high pressure). Silicone corrugated tubes, or other similar telescopic sealing tubes, such as tubes combining plastic and rubber, can be used. Specifically, a rubber tube can be injection molded between adjacent plastic tubes, and the rubber tube between the two plastic tubes adopts a corrugated structure similar to that of a corrugated tube. In addition, the number, position, and shape of the dust suction ports 11 can be designed according to requirements. At the connection between the telescopic connector 40 and the two covers, sealing rings and annular pressure plates can be used to increase the sealing connection effect. This technical solution realizes the motion adaptation between the floating cover 20 and the grinding head 51, solves the problem of floating cover sealing failure, and ensures that the floating cover is always in contact with the ground and sealed during grinding, providing core structural support for the system's dust removal and explosion protection.

[0025] In this embodiment, the openings of both the fixed cover 10 and the floating cover 20 face downwards, and the upper part of the floating cover 20 is provided with a connecting frame 21 and a connecting hole 22. This technical solution optimizes the layout of the cover and the airflow channel. The connecting hole 22 ensures smooth airflow inside the fixed cover 10 and the floating cover 20. The connecting frame 21 provides a stable mounting carrier for the elastic support mechanism 30, which improves the rationality of the system structure and the efficiency of airflow, and further optimizes the functionality of the basic structure.

[0026] In this embodiment, the suction port 11 extends inward into the hood, with its lower end extending to the fixed hood 10 or through the connecting hole 22 into the floating hood 20. This technical solution changes the suction port 11 from a simple opening in the hood wall to an inwardly extending pipe structure, making the lower end of the suction port 11 closer to the grinding area. This brings the suction negative pressure closer to the dust source, shortening the path of dust from generation to suction, and effectively preventing dust from spreading or settling inside the hood. At the same time, the extended structure can guide the airflow along a preset direction, optimizing the flow field distribution inside the hood, avoiding the attenuation of suction negative pressure due to excessive hood volume, improving dust removal efficiency, and providing a structural basis for subsequent cooperation with the active air curtain to form a synergistic flow field of "air curtain sealing - source suction", further ensuring the dust collection effect and explosion-proof safety of the system during the grinding process.

[0027] In this embodiment, the elastic support mechanism 30 is defined as consisting of a connecting rod 31 and a spring 32. The connecting rod 31 connects the connecting frame 21 of the fixed cover 10 and the floating cover 20. The spring 32 is fitted on the connecting rod 31 and located above the connecting frame 21. This technical solution, with the cooperation of the spring 32 and the connecting rod 31, provides a downward preload to the floating cover 20 during floating grinding, preventing the floating cover from floating easily. This allows the floating cover 20 to remain in contact with the floor when the grinding head 51 floats, greatly improving the stability of the system seal. This is a key structural improvement for achieving floating floor-contact sealing.

[0028] In this embodiment, an adjusting sleeve 33 is screwed onto the upper part of the limiting connecting rod 31. The adjusting sleeve 33 abuts against the upper end of the spring 32 to adjust the preload of the spring 32. The preload can be adjusted by rotating the adjusting sleeve 33. This technical solution realizes the adjustability of the preload of the floating cover 20, which can adapt to different floor flatness and sanding conditions, and improves the system's adaptability to working conditions.

[0029] In this embodiment, an active air jet port 23 is provided on the inner peripheral wall of the floating cover 20. After the pressurized gas is introduced, an air curtain can be formed between the floating cover 20 and the floor to block dust from overflowing. Specifically, the air curtain function can be achieved by connecting an air supply device through an air inlet 25 (the number, position and pressure can be designed). This technical solution uses an air curtain to form a dynamic pneumatic seal, which optimizes the gap defects of physical seals that are easily caused when the floating volume is large, actively blocks dust from overflowing, and improves the dust removal sealing effect and explosion-proof safety.

[0030] In this embodiment, the active jet nozzle 23 is defined as an inwardly inclined oblique hole or slit, and is connected to the annular air passage 24 inside the floating hood 20. This technical solution allows the airflow of the air curtain to converge inward in a directional manner, and the annular air passage 24 ensures uniform jet pressure, significantly improving the dust sealing effect of the air curtain and optimizing the execution efficiency of the active jet sealing. In addition, while the airflow of the air curtain forms a dynamic pneumatic seal, its inwardly inclined jet direction also guides the airflow inside the hood to form a directional backflow, pushing the dust towards the suction port, thereby promoting flow field and improving the dust collection effect. Furthermore, the bottom opening of the annular air passage 24 can be sealed by an annular seal embedded in the bottom of the floating hood 20, specifically using a structure of a sealing ring plus a fixing ring.

[0031] In this embodiment, the system is configured with a displacement sensor to acquire the floating amount of the grinding head 51. When the floating amount or the rate of displacement change exceeds a threshold, the controller increases the air pressure at the active jet nozzle to a set value. Specifically, the displacement sensor can be installed on the floating part of the floating grinding head 50 to acquire the floating amount, and this control logic is implemented in conjunction with the controller. This technical solution achieves adaptive dynamic adjustment of the air curtain, automatically strengthening the seal for sudden gaps such as welds and protrusions, preventing dust leakage throughout the process, and possessing intelligent dynamic sealing functionality. Furthermore, the rate of displacement change exceeding the threshold can be determined and executed by the control-configured program, combining the displacement amount and time.

[0032] In this embodiment, the system is limited to setting a temperature sensor to measure the airflow temperature inside the cover or in the suction pipe. When the temperature or temperature rise exceeds the threshold, the controller controls the system to shut down. Specifically, the temperature sensor can be set in the fixed cover 10, the floating cover 20, or the suction pipe, etc., and can achieve safety control through linkage between the temperature sensor and the controller. This technical solution monitors the potential for airflow temperature rise in real time, responds quickly to the risk of high-temperature combustion and explosion, and actively shuts down to block the cause, significantly improving the explosion-proof safety performance of the system and achieving active explosion protection.

[0033] In this embodiment, the system is limited to setting a pressure sensor to measure the negative pressure value inside the hood or in the suction pipe. When the negative pressure exceeds the threshold, the controller reduces the suction power. Specifically, the pressure sensor can be set in the two hoods or in the suction pipe, and the negative pressure can be controlled by linking the pressure sensor with the suction fan. This technical solution avoids the interference of excessive negative pressure with the grinding head, maintains a constant negative pressure to balance dust removal efficiency and grinding quality, and solves the technical pain point of negative pressure adsorption interference in traditional systems.

[0034] This embodiment also provides a dust control method for explosion-proof grinding of metal floors based on adaptive flow field adjustment, applied to the above-mentioned system. The method includes: performing cleaning, grinding, passing through weld seams, and ending operations. During the cleaning stage, when the floor is at a predetermined height above the ground, the vacuum and air curtain are activated to clean it. During the grinding stage, the system is adjusted to the working position to seal the edges. During the floating stage, when the displacement / displacement rate exceeds a threshold, the air curtain pressure is increased and maintained. During the ending stage, the grinding head is raised and the vacuum is delayed. This technical solution realizes adaptive control of the flow field and air curtain throughout the grinding process, taking into account the dust removal effects of pretreatment, steady-state grinding, and weld seam avoidance, eliminating dust residue, and ensuring grinding quality and explosion-proof safety, forming a complete intelligent control logic.

[0035] II. Specific Implementation Examples 1. Hardware Structure This system is installed at the end of the Z-axis lifting module of the mobile robot, covering the outside of the floating grinding head 50. The system adopts a double-layer cover layout structure of "static upper and moving lower" and / or "static outer and moving inner". When the "static outer and moving inner" structure is adopted, a protruding extension structure connected to the floating cover is provided on the inner wall of the fixed cover, and the two covers will overlap.

[0036] In addition, the floating grinding head is an advanced grinding tool that can be designed into various structures based on the principles of force control, pneumatics or mechanical elasticity. The floating grinding head in the attached figure is only a simple schematic diagram. For specific structures, please refer to existing technologies and they will not be described in detail here.

[0037] (1) Fixing cover 10: It is rigidly connected to the robot's Z-axis slide plate via an L-shaped bracket; it has a large-diameter suction port 11 (φ50mm) that connects to an explosion-proof suction hose; the material is conductive aluminum alloy or anti-static engineering plastic.

[0038] (2) Floating cover 20: It is fitted around the lower part of the floating grinding head 50; key connection: suspended below the fixed cover 10 by two or more sets of elastic support mechanisms 30. The compression spring 32 fitted on the connecting rod 31 provides a downward preload (about 5-10N) to ensure that the bottom surface of the floating cover 20 is always in contact with the floor. In addition, the spindle of the floating grinding head can slide through the center hole of the connecting bracket 21 of the floating cover 20.

[0039] (3) Telescopic connector 40 The two covers are sealed together by a high-temperature resistant and flame-retardant silicone bellows, preferably allowing a relative axial displacement of more than 30mm between them.

[0040] (4) Active curtain air closure An annular air passage 24 is integrated inside the bottom metal ring of the floating cover 20. Active jet nozzle 23 design: The annular air passage 24 has a micro slit or a ring of oblique holes on the inner side (preferably, the hole diameter is 0.5 mm and the spacing is 5 mm).

[0041] Spray angle: Preferably, the spray direction is at an angle of 30°-45° to the horizontal plane, pointing inward, such as near the edge of the grinding head 51.

[0042] Function: After high-pressure gas is introduced, an inverted cone-shaped annular "air wall / air curtain" is formed, which forces the dust that is trying to overflow back into the dust suction port 11.

[0043] (5) Sensor network layout To achieve intelligent control, the system integrates the following sensors: Pressure sensor: The pressure measuring port is located in the fixed cover 10, and it monitors the negative pressure value of the inside of the cover relative to the atmosphere (range: 0 to -5000Pa).

[0044] Temperature sensors, such as explosion-proof temperature transmitters, have probes located at the dust inlet 11 to monitor the temperature of the extracted airflow in real time.

[0045] Displacement sensor: The displacement sensor can be set on the floating part of the floating grinding head 50 to obtain the floating amount.

[0046] 2. Control methods 2.1 Control Mode This invention utilizes a PLC or host computer controller to execute the following four control modes: Mode 1: Adaptive ground contact and air curtain enhancement (for weld seams / protrusions) Triggering condition: The Z-axis displacement data shows that the grinding head retracts rapidly upward (indicating that it has encountered a weld protrusion).

[0047] Logic: At this time, the floating cover 20 may be pulled, creating a gap. The controller immediately increases the air supply pressure of the air curtain from low pressure (e.g., 0.1MPa) to high pressure (e.g., 0.4MPa) through the electro-proportional valve.

[0048] Effect: By utilizing enhanced high-speed airflow to compensate for the failure of physical seals, a dynamic pneumatic seal is constructed.

[0049] Mode 2: Constant negative pressure to prevent adsorption (ensuring polishing quality) Triggering conditions: The absolute value of the negative pressure inside the pressure sensor display case exceeds the threshold (e.g., >3000Pa), and the grinding current does not increase.

[0050] Logic: An "adsorption phenomenon" has been detected. The controller reduces the speed of the vacuum cleaner fan via the frequency converter, or opens the electric bypass pressure relief valve on the pipeline to introduce outside air.

[0051] Effect: Maintains a slight negative pressure inside the shroud (e.g., -1000Pa), which can both remove dust and not interfere with the constant force control of the grinding head.

[0052] Mode 3: Temperature rise prevention and fire extinguishing (explosion-proof safety) Triggering conditions: The temperature sensor detects a sharp rise in airflow temperature within 1 second (excessive slope), or an absolute value exceeding 60°C.

[0053] Cut off: Immediately shut off the air supply to the air curtain.

[0054] Stop: Stop the rotation of grinding head 51.

[0055] Forced exhaust: The vacuum cleaner runs at full speed for 10 seconds to quickly draw high-temperature particles into the water tank of the wet dust collector for quenching.

[0056] 2.2 Example of Action Flow Scenario description: AGV robots are roughening the aluminum floor of a high-speed train carriage.

[0057] initialization: The robot has moved into position, and the Z-axis is at a high position.

[0058] Vacuum cleaner is off, air curtain is off.

[0059] Cleanup phase: The Z-axis descends rapidly. When it is 20mm from the ground, the controller turns the vacuum cleaner to 50% speed and activates the air curtain to high pressure (to blow away gravel and prevent scratches).

[0060] Polishing stage (steady state): When the floating cover 20 touches the ground, the spring 32 is compressed.

[0061] The grinding head rotates at 51 degrees.

[0062] The controller sets the vacuum cleaner to 100% power and the air curtain to low pressure holding mode (0.15MPa, used only to seal the edges and prevent the dust in the center from being blown away).

[0063] Floating phase (disturbance): The grinding head passes through the weld seam, and the Z-axis is passively raised by 5mm.

[0064] The system detected a Z-axis displacement change rate >50 mm / s.

[0065] The system responds within 20ms, instantly raising the air curtain pressure to 0.4MPa and maintaining it for 1 second to prevent dust from bursting out.

[0066] End phase: The grinding head is lifted off the ground.

[0067] The vacuum cleaner runs for 5 seconds to remove residual dust from the hose and prevent it from settling.

[0068] 3. Overall working principle (brief description) Please refer to Figure 1-7As shown, the metal floor grinding explosion-proof dust removal system based on flow field adaptive adjustment adopts a "dynamic and static combination" double-layer cover structure: the fixed cover 10 is rigidly installed on the machine's lifting module and connected to the dust suction fan through the dust suction port 11, and the floating cover 20 is suspended below the fixed cover 10 through the elastic support mechanism 30 and can be pressed tightly against the floor by elastic pressure during grinding. The two are sealed by the telescopic connector 40 to achieve follow-up sealing. During operation, the controller adaptively adjusts the suction power of the vacuum fan and the pressure of the air curtain based on real-time feedback from displacement, pressure, and temperature sensors: during the cleaning / descent phase, the vacuum and air curtain are activated in advance to clean the floor; during steady-state grinding, a relatively low air pressure is maintained, with the air curtain sealing the edges of dust; when a rapid displacement change caused by a weld or protrusion is detected, the air curtain pressure is instantly increased (to a relatively high pressure, adjusted as needed) to form a dynamic pneumatic seal to compensate for physical gaps. Specifically, when the grinding head 51 encounters a weld or protrusion, it will generate a large amount of floating, which can easily cause the floating cover 20 to float, creating a momentary gap. At this time, increasing the air curtain's jet pressure provides a good pneumatic seal, preventing dust from overflowing. Simultaneously, negative pressure monitoring prevents excessive suction from interfering with the constant force control of the grinding head 51, and temperature monitoring promptly stops the machine and forces dust removal in case of abnormal temperature rises. This achieves coordinated control of efficient dust collection, explosion-proof safety, and grinding quality throughout the entire process.

[0069] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A metal floor grinding explosion-proof dust removal system based on flow field adaptive adjustment, characterized in that, include: The fixed cover (10) is provided with at least one dust suction port (11) for connecting a dust suction fan; the fixed cover (10) is used to fix the lifting module of the mobile operating machine and to install the floating grinding head (50). The floating cover (20) is connected to the fixed cover (10) and is suspended below the fixed cover (10) by the elastic support mechanism (30). It is used to cover the periphery of the lower part of the floating grinding head (50) and can be pressed against the floor by the pressure of the elastic support mechanism (30) when the floating grinding head (50) descends for grinding. The telescopic connector (40) is sealed between the fixed cover (10) and the floating cover (20), allowing relative axial displacement between the two.

2. The explosion-proof dust removal system for metal floor grinding based on adaptive flow field adjustment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The openings of the fixed cover (10) and the floating cover (20) face downwards. The upper part of the floating cover (20) is provided with a connecting frame (21) and is divided into a connecting hole (22).

3. The explosion-proof dust removal system for metal floor grinding based on adaptive flow field adjustment according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The suction port (11) extends into the cover, and its lower port extends into the fixed cover (10) or the floating cover (20).

4. The explosion-proof dust removal system for metal floor grinding based on adaptive flow field adjustment according to claim 2, characterized in that, The elastic support mechanism (30) includes: A connecting rod (31) connects the fixed cover (10) and the connecting frame (21). A spring (32) is fitted onto the connecting rod (31) and is located above the connecting frame (21).

5. The explosion-proof dust removal system for metal floor grinding based on adaptive flow field adjustment according to claim 4, characterized in that, An adjusting sleeve (33) is screwed onto the upper part of the connecting rod (31). The adjusting sleeve (33) abuts against the upper end of the spring (32) and is used to adjust the preload of the spring (32).

6. The explosion-proof dust removal system for metal floor grinding based on adaptive flow field adjustment according to claim 1, characterized in that, The inner peripheral wall of the floating cover (20) is also provided with an active air jet (23), which is used to form an air curtain between the floating cover (20) and the floor after a certain pressure gas is introduced, so as to block the dust from overflowing.

7. The explosion-proof dust removal system for metal floor grinding based on adaptive flow field adjustment according to claim 6, characterized in that, The active jet nozzle (23) adopts a ring of inwardly inclined holes or slits, which are connected to the annular air passage (24) opened inside the floating cover (20).

8. The explosion-proof dust removal system for metal floor grinding based on adaptive flow field adjustment according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes a displacement sensor for obtaining the amount of floating of the grinding head (51) at the bottom of the floating grinding head (50), so that when the amount of floating or displacement change of the grinding head (51) exceeds a threshold, the controller increases the jet pressure of the active jet nozzle (23) to a set value.

9. The explosion-proof dust removal system for metal floor grinding based on adaptive flow field adjustment according to claim 6, characterized in that, Also includes: Temperature sensor is used to measure the airflow temperature inside the hood or vacuum duct so that the controller can stop the system from working when the temperature or temperature rise exceeds the threshold. A pressure sensor is used to measure the negative pressure inside the hood or in the suction pipe, so that when the negative pressure exceeds a threshold, the controller can reduce the suction pressure.

10. A method for explosion-proof dust control in metal floor grinding based on adaptive flow field adjustment, applied to the system according to any one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: During the cleaning phase, when the floating cover (20) is at a predetermined height from the ground, turn on the vacuum cleaner to the preset cleaning setting and turn on the air curtain to the preset cleaning setting to clean the floor; During the polishing stage, after the floating cover (20) contacts the ground, the vacuum cleaner is adjusted to the preset working position and the air curtain pressure is adjusted to the preset maintenance position to seal the edge of the floating cover (20); During the floating stage, when the displacement or displacement rate of the grinding head (51) exceeds the set threshold, the air curtain pressure is increased to the preset enhancement level and maintained for a preset time to prevent dust from overflowing. At the end of the process, after the grinding head (51) is lifted, the vacuuming process is delayed to remove residual dust.

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