Application of prebiotic component in enhancing athletic ability and improving athletic performance

Abstract

The invention discloses an application of a prebiotic component in enhancing athletic ability and improving athletic performance. The prebiotic component is xylooligosaccharide. Animal experiments show that mice given with xylooligosaccharide can significantly improve the abundance of probiotics and enhance the muscle strength, constant-speed endurance and other movement functions of the mice. The xylooligosaccharide serving as an efficient prebiotic can be specifically utilized by specific probiotics in intestinal tracts, the abundance of the xylooligosaccharide is remarkably improved, growth of pathogenic bacteria is inhibited, then the micro-ecological environment of the intestinal tracts is optimized, and the exercise function improvement phenomena such as increase of muscle strength and delay of fatigue in endurance exercise are shown in behavioral tests. The cross-organ integration regulation and control from the intestinal microecology to the whole body physiological state and then to the athletic performance is reflected, so that the xylooligosaccharide has important significance in enhancing the athletic ability and improving the athletic performance.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of sports medicine technology, specifically relating to the application of a prebiotic component in enhancing athletic ability and improving athletic performance, wherein the prebiotic component is xylooligosaccharide. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, oligosaccharides such as xylooligosaccharide (XOS), galactooligosaccharide (GOS), and fructooligosaccharide (FOS) are known to possess prebiotic properties, regulating gut microbiota and indirectly affecting host metabolism. However, their direct effects on improving motor function have not been systematically studied. Existing research largely focuses on the prebiotic properties of oligosaccharides and their regulatory effects on metabolism or immunity, neglecting their comprehensive impact on motor performance (such as endurance, grip strength, balance, and coordination), and in particular, failing to clarify the differentiated effects of different types of oligosaccharides (such as XOS, GOS, and FOS).

[0003] In the field of sports nutrition research, oligosaccharides, as an important class of functional oligosaccharides, have long been extensively studied due to their prebiotic properties. Oligosaccharides such as XOS, GOS, and FOS can indirectly affect the host's immune function and metabolic health by regulating the balance of gut microbiota. However, traditional research has largely focused on the effects of oligosaccharides on the digestive system, immune regulation, or metabolic diseases, while research on their direct regulation of athletic function is relatively scarce. Currently, the main intervention strategies in sports nutrition include supplementation with branched-chain amino acids and creatine, among other traditional nutrients. While these substances have been shown to enhance muscle synthesis or improve athletic performance, they have limitations such as targeting only a single point of action and the potential for metabolic burden with long-term use.

[0004] In research on the relationship between oligosaccharides and motor function, the most relevant existing technologies mainly involve the indirect influence of oligosaccharides on motor performance through the gut-muscle axis. Existing literature reports that certain oligosaccharides can influence systemic energy metabolism and inflammation levels by regulating the production of short-chain fatty acids by gut microbiota, ultimately positively impacting exercise endurance. However, most of these studies remain at the level of phenomenological observation, lacking systematic comparative assessments of motor function across different types of oligosaccharides, and failing to delve into the specific effects of oligosaccharides on various dimensions of motor performance (including balance, grip, explosive power, and endurance).

[0005] The inventors of this application discovered through further research that xylooligosaccharides can enhance athletic ability and improve athletic performance, thus completing this invention. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the aforementioned problems, this invention provides an application of prebiotic components in enhancing athletic ability and improving athletic performance, and specifically provides the following technical solution: This invention relates to the application of a prebiotic component in enhancing athletic ability and improving athletic performance, wherein the prebiotic component is xylooligosaccharide.

[0007] In another aspect of the invention, the use of xylooligosaccharides in the preparation of foods and sports drinks that enhance athletic ability and improve athletic performance is also involved.

[0008] Preferably, the application also includes applications in enhancing muscle strength and exercise endurance.

[0009] Preferably, the application also includes improving gut microbiota. Lactobacillus johnsonii and Lactobacillus sp. abundance and reduction Hungatella sp. Abundance.

[0010] Beneficial Effects: Animal experiments of this invention show that administration of xylooligosaccharides to mice significantly increases the abundance of probiotics and enhances motor functions such as muscle strength and exercise endurance. As a highly efficient prebiotic, xylooligosaccharides can be specifically utilized by certain probiotics in the gut, significantly increasing their abundance and inhibiting the growth of pathogenic bacteria, thereby optimizing the gut microecological environment. Behavioral tests show improvements in motor function, such as increased muscle strength and delayed fatigue during endurance exercise. This reflects cross-organ integrated regulation from gut microecology to overall physiological state and then to motor performance, making the application of xylooligosaccharides in enhancing athletic ability and improving athletic performance of great significance. Attached Figure Description

[0011] Figure 1 Molecular weight distribution of xylooligosaccharides; Figure 2 Results of rotarod fatigue test in mice under xylooligosaccharide intervention; Figure 3 Results of gripping test in mice under xylooligosaccharide intervention; Figure 4 Results of instantaneous explosive power test in mice under xylooligosaccharide intervention; Figure 5 Results of the constant-speed endurance test in mice under xylooligosaccharide intervention; Figure 6 HE staining results of gastrocnemius muscle in mice after xylooligosaccharide intervention; Figure 7 HE staining results of the tibialis anterior muscle in mice under xylooligosaccharide intervention; Figure 8 Masson staining results of gastrocnemius muscle in mice after xylooligosaccharide intervention; Figure 9Masson staining results of the tibialis anterior muscle in mice under xylooligosaccharide intervention Figure 10 Sirius red staining results of gastrocnemius muscle in mice after xylooligosaccharide intervention; Figure 11 Sirius red staining results of the tibialis anterior muscle in mice after xylooligosaccharide intervention; Figure 12 Results of fast-slow muscle staining in mice after xylooligosaccharide intervention; Figure 13 Heatmap of the top 50 most abundant microorganisms at the Genus level; Figure 14 Box plot of abundance of dominant species of Bifidobacterium and Lactobacillus under xylooligosaccharide intervention; Figure 15 Box plots of abundance of several other key bacterial species under xylooligosaccharide intervention. Detailed Implementation

[0012] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this invention clearer, the invention will be further described in detail below with reference to embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the invention.

[0013] Unless otherwise specified, the technical means used in the following embodiments are conventional means well known to those skilled in the art. Unless otherwise specified, the materials, reagents, etc. used in the following embodiments are all commercially available.

[0014] Example 1: 1. Experimental Design and Xylooligosaccharide Intervention Program Study subjects: C57BL / 6J mice (8 weeks old, initial weight approximately 22 g) were divided into two groups: NC group (blank control group, administered by gavage with sterile distilled water) and XOS group (xylooligosaccharide intervention group), with 12 mice in each group.

[0015] Intervention method: The XOS group was administered xylooligosaccharide solution (400 mg / kg / d) by gavage daily, with the dosage adjusted according to body weight (e.g., the initial dose was 8.8 mg per mouse).

[0016] Intervention period: 8 weeks, with weight changes recorded concurrently.

[0017] 2. Characterization of xylooligosaccharide structure 2.1 Determination of ash, protein, fat and moisture content in samples The ash, protein, fat and moisture content of xylooligosaccharides were determined according to national standards, and the results are summarized in Table 1 below.

[0018] Table 1. Results of determination of ash, protein, fat and moisture content of xylooligosaccharides The content of each component in the sample meets the quality requirements in GB / T 23528.3-2025 "Quality Requirements for Oligosaccharides Part 3: Xylooligosaccharides".

[0019] 2.2 Determination of molecular weight and degree of polymerization of samples According to gel permeation chromatography (GPC), also known as size exclusion chromatography (SEC), the molecular weight distribution and degree of polymerization of xylooligosaccharides were determined, and the results are as follows: Figure 1 As shown in Table 2.

[0020] Table 2 Results of molecular weight and degree of polymerization determination of xylooligosaccharides The results showed that the molecular weight of xylooligosaccharides in the samples mainly ranged from 200 to 1000 g / mol, and the degree of polymerization ranged from 2 to 9. Among them, the content of xylooligosaccharides with a degree of polymerization of 2 to 5 was relatively high.

[0021] 2.3 Determination of Monosaccharide Composition in Samples The monosaccharide composition of xylooligosaccharides was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). After sample hydrolysis, standard preparation and mixed standard solution preparation, and monosaccharide derivatization, detection was performed under the following chromatographic conditions: T3 column, mobile phase A of acetonitrile, mobile phase B of 0.1 mol / L ammonium acetate solution, detection wavelength of 250 nm, flow rate of 1 ml / min, injection volume of 10 μl, column temperature of 30℃, and external standard method for quantification. Isocratic elution was performed at a ratio of mobile phase A: 19% and mobile phase B: 81%.

[0022] Based on the peak area of ​​each mixed standard sample and the known concentration, a standard curve was plotted to calculate the content of various monosaccharides in xylooligosaccharides. Except for glucose, which has a mass fraction of approximately 0.7%, the remaining monosaccharides were all xylose. Rhamnose, glucuronic acid, galacturonic acid, galactose, and arabinose were not detected, which meets the requirement that the purity of xylooligosaccharide samples is greater than 95%.

[0023] 3. Motor Function Behavioral Tests 3.1 Rotating bar fatigue test Used to assess the ability of small animals to maintain balance on a rotundi.

[0024] Experimental method: Mice were first warmed up at 5 rpm / min for 5 min, and then accelerated from 5 rpm / min to 40 rpm / min within 300 s. The time (s) when the mice fell from the rotundus was recorded.

[0025] Test results are as follows Figure 2As shown, the test results indicate that the xylooligosaccharide intervention group showed a trend of enhanced balance and endurance compared to the control group.

[0026] 3.2 Grip Test Assess the animal's gripping / muscle strength level, and evaluate the overall gripping strength of the small animal's forelimbs and hindlimbs.

[0027] Experimental method: Place the mouse on the gripping board and after it has firmly grasped the gripping bar, pull its tail backward until its limbs are completely off the gripping bar, and record the gripping force data (g) at this time.

[0028] Test results are as follows Figure 3 As shown, the test results indicate that the grip strength of the xylooligosaccharide intervention group was significantly improved compared with that of the control group, and the difference between the two groups was significant (p<0.001), indicating that xylooligosaccharide intervention can significantly improve the muscle strength of mice.

[0029] 3.3 Instantaneous Explosive Power Test Using a small animal treadmill with uniform acceleration, the animal's exhaustion speed is tested, and its explosive power is evaluated based on its maximum speed.

[0030] Experimental Method: Mice were acclimatized to the small animal running platform for 3 days at a speed of 5 m / min for 30 min / day, and tested on the 4th day. Before the test, the mice were warmed up at 5 m / min for 5 min, and then the speed was increased to 1 m / min. 2 The acceleration was uniformly increased. When the mouse stood still in the electrical stimulation area (stimulation intensity 0.40 mA) for more than 5 seconds, it was considered to have reached exhaustion, and the maximum movement speed at this time was recorded.

[0031] Test results are as follows Figure 4 As shown, the test results indicate that there is no significant difference in the maximum speed between the groups, and the average maximum speed of the two groups is quite similar, indicating that oligosaccharides have no significant effect on explosive power.

[0032] 3.4 Uniform Speed ​​Endurance Test Animals were allowed to run at a constant speed on a small animal treadmill. The time (s) and distance (m) they ran when they were exhausted were recorded to assess their exercise endurance.

[0033] Experimental Method: After completing the instantaneous explosive power test, rest for one day, and then conduct the test the following day. Warm-up for 5 minutes at 5 m / min, followed by a speed of 3 m / min. 2 Accelerate the vehicle and record the distance and time it takes to reach exhaustion (standard as above).

[0034] Test results are as follows Figure 5As shown, the test results indicate that the movement distance of the xylooligosaccharide intervention group was improved compared with that of the blank control group, and the improvement in motor function of the xylooligosaccharide intervention group was significant compared with that of the control group (p<0.05), indicating that xylooligosaccharide intervention can significantly improve the exercise endurance of mice.

[0035] 4. Histopathological analysis 4.1 Muscle Histopathology The results of HE / Masson / Sirius red staining are as follows: Figure 6-11 As shown, the test results indicate that no obvious fibrosis or inflammatory lesions were found, suggesting that xylooligosaccharides did not cause damage to muscle structure.

[0036] 4.2 Staining of fast-twitch muscle components Fast-slow muscle staining results are as follows Figure 12 As shown, the study focused on the soleus muscle (slow-twitch muscle) and the gastrocnemius muscle (fast-twitch muscle). The results showed a significant increase in the slow-twitch muscle fiber component, suggesting that xylooligosaccharides may enhance exercise endurance by upregulating the proportion of slow-twitch muscle fibers.

[0037] 5. Metagenomic Mechanism Analysis: Key Microbial Communities and Functional Associations 5.1 Qualitative identification of key bacterial genera using heatmaps After 8 weeks of xylooligosaccharide intervention, mouse fecal samples were collected for metagenomic sequencing (12 mice were sampled per group, 3 mice per pool, i.e., 4 samples per group, for a total of 8 samples, control group mice (CON1-4) and xylooligosaccharide intervention group mice (XOS1-4).

[0038] Test results are as follows Figure 13 As shown, the test results indicate that Clostridium ( Clostridium ) 、 xylanobacterium ( Xylanibacter ) 、 Rosbyella spp. Roseburia ) 、 Eubacterium ( Eubacterium ) 、 Hengate ( spp.) Hungatella ), and two probiotic genera, Bifidobacterium ( Bifidobacterium ) and Lactobacillus genus ( Lactobacillus The abundance changes were quite significant, providing insights into the identification of key microbial species regulated by xylooligosaccharides.

[0039] 5.2 Probiotic Abundance Analysis Test results are as follows Figure 14 As shown, the test results indicate that Bifidobacterium spp. ( Bifidobacterium Two representative bacterial species Bifidobacterium pseudolongum and Bifidobacterium sp. The abundance of *Lactobacillus* was increased in both the experimental and control groups. Lactobacillus Two representative bacterial species Lactobacillus johnsonii and Lactobacillus sp. The abundance in the experimental group was significantly different from that in the control group (p < 0.01).

[0040] 5.3 Other Key Microbial Communities Test results are as follows Figure 15 As shown, the test results indicate that under the intervention of xylooligosaccharides, Rosbyraceae spp. ( Roseburia ) 、 Eubacterium ( Eubacterium ) 、 Hengate ( spp.) Hungatella The abundance of the most abundant bacterial species in the experimental group was lower than that in the control group. Hungatella sp. The abundance in the experimental group was significantly different from that in the control group (p < 0.05), suggesting that xylooligosaccharides altered the bacterial community structure and competitive relationships. 6. Conclusion and Analysis 6.1 The effect of xylooligosaccharides on improving motor function: Xylooligosaccharides (XOS) can significantly increase the abundance of probiotics and enhance motor functions such as muscle strength and steady-state endurance in mice. As a highly efficient prebiotic, XOS can be specifically utilized by certain probiotics in the gut, significantly increasing their abundance and inhibiting the growth of pathogenic bacteria, thereby optimizing the gut microecological environment. These probiotics metabolize XOS to produce a large amount of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs), such as butyrate and propionic acid. These substances can not only repair the intestinal barrier and reduce systemic chronic inflammation and oxidative stress, but also improve insulin sensitivity by activating metabolic signaling pathways, prompting the body to allocate more energy to muscle synthesis rather than fat storage. This provides skeletal muscle with more energy substrates and better repair conditions, ultimately enhancing muscle contraction ability and endurance performance. In mice, this translates to enhanced motor ability and improved athletic performance.

[0041] 6.2 Bacterial-muscle axis mechanism hypothesis: Xylooligosaccharides regulate muscle metabolism and motor function by influencing the production of SCFAs and the synthesis of neuroactive substances (such as GABA / 5-HT) through the regulation of gut microbiota (such as Bifidobacteria and Lactobacillus).

[0042] Although the above embodiments have provided a detailed description of the present invention, they are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. People can obtain other embodiments based on these embodiments without creative effort, and these embodiments all fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. The application of a prebiotic component in enhancing athletic ability and improving athletic performance, wherein the prebiotic component is xylooligosaccharide, and the application further includes improving gut microbiota. Lactobacillus johnsonii and Lactobacillus sp. abundance and reduction Hungatella sp. abundance .

2. The application according to claim 1, further comprising applications in enhancing muscle strength and exercise endurance.

3. The application according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the application further includes an application that increases the composition of slow-twitch muscle fibers.

4. The application of xylooligosaccharides in the preparation of foods and sports drinks that enhance athletic performance and improve athletic ability, wherein the foods and sports drinks are used to improve gut microbiota. Lactobacillus johnsonii and Lactobacillus sp. abundance and reduction Hungatella sp. Abundance.

5. The application according to claim 4, wherein the food and sports drink are used to enhance muscle strength and exercise endurance.

6. The application according to claim 4 or 5, wherein the application further includes an application that increases the slow-twitch muscle fiber composition.

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