Insecticide composition for improving sensitivity of agricultural pests to insecticide and application thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of chemical ecology of agricultural pests and pesticide science, and relates to an insecticide composition for improving the sensitivity of agricultural pests to insecticides and application of the insecticide composition. Folic acid is applied to a pest feeding substrate, a host plant or a feed, so that the sensitivity of pests to various insecticides (including neonicotinoids, pyrimidines, pyrethroids, organophosphorus and the like) can be remarkably enhanced. It is found that folic acid can regulate and control a carbon metabolism network in pests and inhibit cytochrome P450 and other detoxification enzyme related pathways, and then the endurance capacity of the pests to insecticides is reduced. The composition and the method are verified in seven important pests such as brown planthopper, sogatella furcifera, spodoptera frugiperda, cotton aphid, chilo suppressalis, panonychus citri and thrips, have the advantages of improving the pesticide effect, reducing the pesticide application amount and delaying the resistance evolution, and can be widely applied to comprehensive treatment of agricultural pests.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the fields of agricultural pest chemical ecology and pesticide science, specifically relating to an insecticide composition for improving the sensitivity of agricultural pests to insecticides and its application, and more specifically to a composition, method and application for improving the sensitivity of important agricultural pests to insecticides using folic acid or folic acid derivatives. Background Technology

[0002] The long-term and excessive use of chemical pesticides has led to a general increase in pest resistance, which seriously affects the effectiveness of pest control and has become a key factor restricting the sustainable development of agriculture.

[0003] Existing studies have shown that the nutritional and physiological status of pests is closely related to their detoxification and metabolic capacity. Folic acid, as a core coenzyme in one-carbon metabolism, participates in nucleotide synthesis, energy metabolism, and detoxification enzyme regulation. Its biological impact may involve key nodes in the formation of pest resistance. However, there are currently no publicly reported technologies that utilize folic acid to regulate pest metabolism to enhance pesticide sensitivity.

[0004] This invention has found that exogenous application of folic acid can significantly increase the sensitivity of various pests (such as brown planthopper, white-backed planthopper, fall armyworm, cotton aphid, rice stem borer, citrus mites, and thrips) to various insecticides, and has confirmed that this process is related to a decrease in the activity of detoxification enzyme systems and changes in the expression of one-carbon metabolism-related genes. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This invention aims to develop a composition that can enhance the sensitivity of pests to pesticides. The composition, which includes folic acid or its pharmaceutically acceptable salts, derivatives or analogs, is used in combination with pesticides. The goal is to address the problem of increased resistance in pests caused by long-term use of chemical agents and to provide a technology for restoring or enhancing pesticide sensitivity that is universally applicable to a variety of pests.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is as follows: In a first aspect, the present invention provides an insecticide composition, characterized in that the composition comprises an insecticide and an additive, wherein the insecticide is one or more selected from acetamiprid, imidacloprid, flonicamid, chlorpyrifos, thiamethoxam, lambda-cyhalothrin, tetrachlorantraniliprole, spinosad, chlorfenapyr, abamectin, pymetrozine, chlorantraniliprole, bromuconamide, chlorpyrifos, and triazophos, and the additive is folic acid or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or derivative thereof.

[0007] Furthermore, the folic acid derivative is tetrahydrofolic acid.

[0008] Further, the concentration of folic acid or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt or folic acid derivative in the composition is 10 mg / L to 2000 mg / L, preferably 100 mg / L to 1000 mg / L. The composition further comprises an adjuvant, which is one or more of a spreading agent, emulsifier, stabilizer, and sustained-release carrier.

[0009] Secondly, the present invention provides a method for improving the sensitivity of pests to insecticides, characterized in that: Introducing folic acid or its pharmaceutically acceptable salts or derivatives into the insect's body or feeding substrate through injection, feeding, surface application, spraying, or mixing before, during, or after insecticide contact or application can significantly increase the insect's sensitivity to insecticides.

[0010] Further, the pests are one or more of the following orders: Homoptera, Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, and Hemiptera. Preferably, the pests are one or more of the following: brown planthopper, white-backed planthopper, fall armyworm, cotton aphid, rice stem borer, citrus mites, and thrips. The insecticide is one or more of the following: neonicotinoid insecticides, pyrethroid insecticides, organophosphate insecticides, carbamate insecticides, or their compound formulations. Preferably, the insecticide is one or more of the following: acetamiprid, imidacloprid, flonicamid, chlorpyrifos, thiamethoxam, lambda-cyhalothrin, tetrachlorfenapyr, spinosad, chlorfenapyr, abamectin, pymetrozine, chlorantraniliprole, bromocyanamide, chlorpyrifos, and triazophos.

[0011] Furthermore, the folic acid derivative is tetrahydrofolic acid.

[0012] Thirdly, the present invention provides the use of a composition comprising folic acid or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof or a folic acid derivative thereof in the preparation of an agent that enhances the susceptibility of pests to insecticides.

[0013] Further, the pests are one or more of the following orders: Homoptera, Lepidoptera, Coleoptera, and Hemiptera. Preferably, the pests are one or more of the following: brown planthopper, white-backed planthopper, fall armyworm, cotton aphid, rice stem borer, citrus mites, and thrips. The insecticide is one or more of the following: neonicotinoid insecticides, pyrethroid insecticides, organophosphate insecticides, carbamate insecticides, or their compound formulations. Preferably, the insecticide is one or more of the following: acetamiprid, imidacloprid, flonicamid, chlorpyrifos, thiamethoxam, lambda-cyhalothrin, tetrachlorfenapyr, spinosad, chlorfenapyr, abamectin, pymetrozine, chlorantraniliprole, bromocyanamide, chlorpyrifos, and triazophos.

[0014] Furthermore, the folic acid derivative is tetrahydrofolic acid.

[0015] Fourthly, the present invention provides a method for the combined use of folic acid or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or derivative thereof with an insecticide, characterized in that: folic acid or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or derivative thereof is premixed with an insecticide in a certain proportion to prepare a compound preparation, or the preparations are prepared separately and then used sequentially or simultaneously.

[0016] Furthermore, the folic acid derivative is tetrahydrofolic acid.

[0017] Fifthly, the present invention provides the use of a composition comprising folic acid or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof or a folic acid derivative thereof in the preparation of an formulation for improving the insecticidal efficacy of an insecticide.

[0018] Furthermore, the insecticide is one or more of the following: acetamiprid, imidacloprid, flonicamid, chlorpyrifos, thiamethoxam, lambda-cyhalothrin, tetrachlorantraniliprole, spinosad, chlorfenapyr, abamectin, pymetrozine, chlorantraniliprole, bromocyanamide, chlorpyrifos, and triazophos.

[0019] Furthermore, the folic acid derivative is tetrahydrofolic acid.

[0020] The technical advantages of this invention are as follows: This invention discovers that folic acid inhibits the activity of detoxification metabolic pathways in insect pests by regulating the expression levels of detoxification-related genes and enzyme systems, including cytochrome P450 monooxygenase, glutathione S-transferase, and carboxylesterase, thereby weakening their metabolic detoxification capacity for insecticides. This provides mechanistic support for the technical effect of folic acid in improving insecticide sensitivity in pests. Experiments have shown that folic acid, when used in combination with insecticides such as acetamiprid, imidacloprid, flonicamid, chlorpyrifos, thiamethoxam, lambda-cyhalothrin, tetrachlorantraniliprole, spinosad, chlorfenapyr, abamectin, pymetrozine, chlorantraniliprole, bromocyanamide, chlorpyrifos, and triazophos, can significantly enhance the sensitivity of insecticides to them.

[0021] Note: In this invention, LC 50 The median lethal concentration (LD50) is the concentration of a pesticide that, within a specific exposure period, causes 50% of pests to die. 50 The median lethal dose (LCR) is the dose of pesticide that, when administered once to pests, causes half of the pests to die. The LCR or LDR is the ratio of the median lethal concentration or median lethal dose of the control group to that of the treatment group. A ratio greater than 1 indicates that the treatment group has a synergistic effect. Attached Figure Description

[0022] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of this application. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0023] Figure 1 The changes in the expression levels of multiple detoxification-related genes in brown planthoppers after folic acid treatment; Figure 2 This study shows the changes in the expression levels of multiple detoxification-related genes in the fall armyworm after folic acid treatment. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the technical problems, technical solutions, and beneficial effects of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of this application and are not intended to limit this application. Unless otherwise specified, the technical solutions described in this invention are conventional solutions in the art, and the reagents or materials mentioned are all from commercial sources.

[0025] Example 1: Folic acid or folic acid derivatives improve the sensitivity of rice planthoppers to a variety of insecticides.

[0026] Folic acid and tetrahydrofolic acid were dissolved in sterile distilled water to prepare stock solutions with a mass concentration of 1000 mg / L, which were then further diluted with sterile water to the required working concentration. Fourth instar nymphs of brown planthoppers and white-backed planthoppers, continuously reared in the laboratory and not exposed to insecticides, were selected as test insects.

[0027] Folic acid or tetrahydrofolic acid (THF) replenishment was performed via microinjection. 50 nL of folic acid or THF aqueous solution was injected into each brown planthopper or white-backed planthopper nymph using a microsyringe; the control group received an equal volume of sterile water. After injection, the insects were cultured under suitable conditions.

[0028] 12–24 h post-injection bioassays were performed on brown planthoppers and white-backed planthoppers using a spot-drip method to assess their toxicity levels to acetamiprid, imidacloprid, flonicamid, chlorpyrifos, and thiamethoxam. Based on mortality data from different treatment doses, the median lethal dose (LD50) was calculated using probability unit analysis. 50 ).

[0029] The synergistic effect of folic acid on brown planthoppers is shown in Table 1. Compared with the control group, the folic acid treatment group and the tetrahydrofolic acid treatment group showed significantly increased sensitivity of brown planthoppers to acetamiprid, imidacloprid, flonicamid, chlorpyrifos and thiamethoxam, indicating that the addition of folic acid and folic acid derivatives can significantly increase the control efficacy of insecticides on brown planthoppers.

[0030] Table 1. Sensitivity of brown planthoppers to different insecticides after folic acid or folic acid derivative supplementation. The synergistic effect of folic acid on white-backed planthoppers is shown in Table 2. Compared with the control group, the folic acid treatment group and the tetrahydrofolic acid treatment group showed significantly increased sensitivity of white-backed planthoppers to acetamiprid, imidacloprid, flonicamid, chlorpyrifos and thiamethoxam, indicating that the addition of folic acid and folic acid derivatives can significantly increase the control efficacy of insecticides against white-backed planthoppers.

[0031] Table 2. Sensitivity of white-backed planthoppers to different insecticides after folic acid or folic acid derivative supplementation. Example 2: Folic acid or folic acid derivatives enhance the sensitivity of fall armyworm to multiple insecticides. Folic acid and tetrahydrofolic acid were dissolved in sterile distilled water to prepare stock solutions of 1000 mg / L, which were then further diluted to the required working concentrations. Meanwhile, lambda-cyhalothrin, tetrachlorantraniliprole, spinosad, and chlorfenapyr technical grade pesticides were serially diluted according to bioassay requirements to prepare multiple concentration gradients for later use.

[0032] Healthy, uniformly developed third-instar larvae of the fall armyworm were selected as test insects. The feed surface coating method was used for treatment: folic acid solution or tetrahydrofolic acid solution was thoroughly mixed with the insecticide solution and evenly coated onto the surface of the artificial feed. After the feed surface was allowed to air dry, the larvae were allowed to feed. The control group received the same treatment with feed containing only the same concentration of insecticide solution but without folic acid or tetrahydrofolic acid.

[0033] After treatment, the larvae were cultured under suitable conditions. Larval mortality was recorded after 48 hours. Based on the mortality data at different treatment concentrations, the median lethal concentration (LC50) was calculated using probability unit analysis. 50 (and its 95% confidence interval).

[0034] The results are shown in Table 3. Compared with the control group, the folic acid treatment group and the tetrahydrofolic acid treatment group showed significantly increased sensitivity of fall armyworm to lambda-cyhalothrin, tetrachlorantraniliprole, spinosad, and chlorfenapyr. This indicates that the combined application of folic acid or folic acid derivatives with lambda-cyhalothrin, tetrachlorantraniliprole, spinosad, or chlorfenapyr can significantly enhance the control efficacy of the pesticides against fall armyworm.

[0035] Table 3. Sensitivity of fall armyworm to different insecticides after folic acid or folic acid derivative supplementation. Example 3: Folic acid or folic acid derivatives improve the sensitivity of cotton aphids to multiple insecticides. Healthy cotton aphids that had been continuously reared in the laboratory were selected, with wingless adult aphids or third-instar nymphs of uniform growth and development used as test insects. They were reared under suitable conditions for 24 hours before the experiment to reduce the impact of environmental stress.

[0036] Folic acid and tetrahydrofolate were dissolved in sterile distilled water to prepare working solutions of 500 mg / L. Flupyradifurone, abamectin, imidacloprid, and pymetrozine technical grade pesticides were prepared according to bioassay requirements. The control group was serially diluted with distilled water containing 0.05% (v / v) Tween-80, and the treatment group was serially diluted with distilled water containing 0.05% (v / v) Tween-80 and folic acid or tetrahydrofolate, to prepare insecticide solutions with at least five concentration gradients.

[0037] Select disease-free cotton leaves with uniform growth, wash them, and air dry them naturally. Completely immerse the leaves in a prepared insecticide solution (with or without folic acid), gently agitate for 5–10 seconds to ensure both sides of the leaf are fully in contact with the solution, then remove and allow to air dry at room temperature. Once dry, place the leaves in a petri dish lined with moistened filter paper, inoculating each leaf with 20–30 cotton aphids. Each treatment should have at least three biological replicates.

[0038] After treatment, the aphids were cultured under suitable conditions. After 48 hours, the survival rate of cotton aphids was investigated, and the LC of each treatment was calculated accordingly. 50 and its 95% confidence interval.

[0039] The results are shown in Table 4. Compared with the control group, the folic acid treatment group and the tetrahydrofolic acid treatment group showed significantly increased sensitivity of cotton aphids to flonicamid, abamectin, imidacloprid, and pymetrozine. This indicates that the combined application of folic acid or tetrahydrofolic acid with flonicamid, abamectin, imidacloprid, and pymetrozine can significantly enhance the control efficacy of insecticides against cotton aphids. Table 4 Sensitivity of cotton aphids to different insecticides after supplementation with folic acid or folic acid derivatives. Example 4: Folic acid or folic acid derivatives improve the sensitivity of rice stem borer to multiple insecticides. Folic acid and tetrahydrofolic acid were dissolved in sterile distilled water to prepare working solutions of 500 mg / L. Simultaneously, abamectin, chlorantraniliprole, bromuconazole, spinosad, chlorpyrifos, and triazophos technical grade pesticides were serially diluted according to bioassay requirements to prepare multiple concentration gradients for later use. Healthy, uniformly developed third-instar larvae of the rice stem borer were selected as test insects.

[0040] Folic acid replenishment was performed via microinjection. 50 nL of folic acid or tetrahydrofolic acid solution was injected into each rice stem borer larva using a microsyringe; the control group received an equal volume of sterile water. After injection, the insects were cultured under suitable conditions.

[0041] Bioassays were performed on rice stem borers 12–24 h after injection treatment. Bioactivity assays were conducted according to the Technical Procedures for Monitoring Rice Stem Borer Resistance, using the rice stem immersion method to determine the toxicity of chlorantraniliprole, bromuconazole, and spinosad to rice stem borers. Rice plants that had not been exposed to pesticides during their growth were selected, and rice stems (approximately 6 cm) were cut at the tillering stage. Dimethylformamide (DMF) was used to dissolve chlorantraniliprole and bromocyanamide technicals. The stock solution was further diluted to a series of concentrations using 0.1% Triton. Ethyl spinosad suspension was directly diluted to a series of concentrations using water. Three rice stalks were combined and soaked in each solution for 10 seconds. They were then air-dried on newspaper until the surface was dry and placed in petri dishes lined with moist filter paper. Ten mid-second instar rice stem borer larvae (0.45–0.65 mg each) were inoculated into each dish. After treatment, the petri dishes were transferred to a temperature of 28 ± 1℃ and a photoperiod of 16 h:8 h (L:D) for rearing and observation. The number of dead larvae was checked after 6 days.

[0042] The toxicity of chlorpyrifos, abamectin, and triazophos to rice stem borer was determined using the capillary drop method. Mid-fourth instar larvae, each weighing 6–9 mg, were placed in petri dishes containing untreated exposed rice stems, 10 larvae per dish, with each concentration repeated three times. The insecticides were dissolved in acetone and diluted to a series of concentrations. Using a Burkard handheld micro-application device, 0.25 μL of the solution was applied dropwise to the dorsal side of the thorax of each larva, with acetone dropwise acting as a blank control. After treatment, the petri dishes were transferred to a temperature of 28 ± 1℃ and a photoperiod of 16 h:8 h (L:D) for rearing and observation. The number of dead larvae was checked 48 hours after chlorpyrifos and triazophos treatment, and 72 hours after abamectin treatment. The larvae were considered dead when they could not move coordinatedly when gently touched with a brush.

[0043] The results are shown in Tables 5 and 6. Compared with the control group, the folic acid treatment group and the folic acid derivative treatment group showed significantly increased sensitivity of rice stem borer to abamectin, chlorantraniliprole, brofenoxam, spinosad, chlorpyrifos, and triazophos. This indicates that the combined application of folic acid with abamectin, chlorantraniliprole, brofenoxam, spinosad, chlorpyrifos, and triazophos can significantly enhance the control efficacy of insecticides against rice stem borer.

[0044] Table 5. Sensitivity of rice stem borer to different insecticides after folic acid or folic acid derivative supplementation (drip method) Table 6. Sensitivity of rice stem borer to different insecticides after folic acid or folic acid derivative supplementation (immersion method) Example 5: Folic acid or folic acid derivatives improve the susceptibility of citrus psyllids to avermectin. Folic acid and tetrahydrofolate were dissolved in sterile distilled water to prepare working solutions of 500 mg / L. Avermectin was serially diluted with distilled water or an aqueous solution containing folic acid according to bioassay requirements to prepare insecticide solutions with no fewer than five concentration gradients.

[0045] The virulence of *Pachycerium citrinum* was determined using the Potter spray method. 0.2% agar was added to disposable sauce containers. Uniformly sized, flat citrus leaves were washed and dried, and placed face down on the agar. Twenty healthy, active mites of uniform size were inoculated onto each leaf. Each treatment was placed in the center of the Potter spray tower's receiving platform and sprayed with 1 ml of the pesticide. After settling for 1 minute, the leaves were placed in an incubator for rearing. Each treatment was repeated three times, with a water treatment serving as a blank control. After 96 hours, the mortality of *Pachycerium citrinum* was examined under a binocular dissecting microscope (mites were considered dead if their legs did not move when gently touched with the tip of a small brush).

[0046] The results are shown in Table 7. Compared with the control group, the folic acid treatment group and the tetrahydrofolic acid treatment group showed significantly increased sensitivity of citrus psyllid to abamectin, indicating that the combined application of folic acid and abamectin can significantly enhance the insecticide's control efficacy against citrus psyllid.

[0047] Table 7. Effects of folic acid or folic acid derivative supplementation on avermectin sensitivity in citrus parvoviruses. Example 6: Folic acid or folic acid derivatives increase the susceptibility of thrips to imidacloprid. Folic acid and tetrahydrofolate were dissolved in sterile distilled water to prepare working solutions of 500 mg / L. Imidacloprid technical was diluted stepwise with 0.1% Triton X-100 water or an aqueous solution containing folic acid according to bioassay requirements to prepare insecticide solutions with no less than 5 concentration gradients.

[0048] The bioactivity of thrips was determined using the fruit dish method. Several healthy green beans, after ultrasonic vibration, were trimmed into 4 cm long sections with closed ends to prevent thrips from burrowing into the pods and hindering observation. The cut sections were then immersed in a prepared pesticide solution for 1 minute, removed, and air-dried on filter paper. The corresponding concentrations of bean sections were then placed in marked, open, breathable, white transparent plastic culture boxes (2.9 cm inner diameter, 3.7 cm outer diameter, and 3.3 cm height). Twenty uniformly sized adult common thrips were inoculated into each culture box. A 200-mesh gauze was then placed over the culture box and the box was sealed tightly to prevent escape. Finally, the treated plastic culture boxes containing common thrips were placed in an artificial climate chamber for rearing. After 48 hours, the number of dead (no reaction when lightly touched with a brush), the number of surviving thrips, and the total number of thrips were recorded in detail. A solution containing 0.1% Triton X-100 was used as a control.

[0049] The results are shown in Table 8. Compared with the control group, the sensitivity of thrips to imidacloprid was significantly increased in both the folic acid treatment group and the tetrahydrofolic acid treatment group, indicating that the combined application of folic acid or tetrahydrofolic acid with imidacloprid can significantly enhance the insecticide's control effect on thrips.

[0050] Table 8. Effects of folic acid or folic acid derivative supplementation on susceptibility to imidacloprid in common thrips. Example 7: Effects of folic acid on detoxification enzyme systems Brown planthoppers and fall armyworms, continuously reared in the laboratory, were selected as test insects. Following the methods described in Examples 1 and 2, the test insects were treated with folic acid, while the control group was treated with distilled water in the same manner. Insect samples were collected within a certain timeframe (e.g., 12–48 h) after folic acid treatment. Total RNA was extracted from the whole insects using conventional methods, and cDNA was obtained through reverse transcription. Using cDNA as a template, the expression levels of detoxification-related genes were detected using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR). These detoxification-related genes include, but are not limited to, cytochrome P450 monooxygenase, glutathione S-transferase, and carboxylesterase genes. Gene expression levels were normalized using appropriate internal control genes. Results are as follows: Figures 1-2 As shown, compared with the control group, the brown planthopper (…) was significantly reduced after folic acid treatment. Figure 1 ) and fall armyworm ( Figure 2 The expression level of the P450 detoxification enzyme gene in the insect was significantly reduced, and the enzyme activity of the corresponding detoxification enzyme also showed a downward trend. These results indicate that folic acid treatment can inhibit the activity of detoxification metabolic pathways in insect pests, thereby weakening their ability to metabolize and detoxify insecticides, providing mechanistic support for the technical effect of folic acid in improving insecticide sensitivity in pests.

Claims

1. An insecticide composition for improving the sensitivity of agricultural pests to insecticides, characterized in that, The composition comprises an insecticide and an additive, wherein the insecticide is one or more of the following: acetamiprid, imidacloprid, flonicamid, chlorpyrifos, thiamethoxam, lambda-cyhalothrin, tetrachlorantraniliprole, spinosad, chlorfenapyr, abamectin, pymetrozine, chlorantraniliprole, bromuconamide, chlorpyrifos, and triazophos, and the additive is folic acid or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt or derivative thereof.

2. The insecticide composition according to claim 1, characterized in that, The concentration of folic acid or its pharmaceutically acceptable salt or folic acid derivative in the composition is from 10 mg / L to 2000 mg / L. The composition further comprises an adjuvant, which is one or more of a spreading agent, an emulsifier, a stabilizer, and a sustained-release carrier.

3. The insecticide composition according to claim 1, characterized in that, The folic acid derivative is tetrahydrofolic acid.

4. A method for improving the sensitivity of pests to insecticides, characterized in that: Introducing folic acid or its pharmaceutically acceptable salts or derivatives into the insect's body or feeding substrate through injection, feeding, surface application, spraying, or mixing before, during, or after insecticide contact or application can significantly increase the insect's sensitivity to insecticides.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that, The insecticide is one or more of the following: acetamiprid, imidacloprid, flonicamid, chlorpyrifos, thiamethoxam, lambda-cyhalothrin, tetrachlorantraniliprole, spinosad, chlorfenapyr, abamectin, pymetrozine, chlorantraniliprole, bromuconamide, chlorpyrifos, and triazophos.

6. Use of a composition comprising folic acid or a pharmaceutically acceptable salt thereof or a folic acid derivative thereof in the preparation of a formulation for enhancing the insecticidal efficacy of an insecticide.

7. The use according to claim 7, characterized in that, The insecticide is one or more of the following: acetamiprid, imidacloprid, flonicamid, chlorpyrifos, thiamethoxam, lambda-cyhalothrin, tetrachlorantraniliprole, spinosad, chlorfenapyr, abamectin, pymetrozine, chlorantraniliprole, bromuconamide, chlorpyrifos, and triazophos.

8. Use of compositions comprising folic acid or pharmaceutically acceptable salts or derivatives thereof in the preparation of formulations that enhance the susceptibility of pests to insecticides.

9. The use according to claim 8, characterized in that, The pests mentioned are one or more of the following: brown planthopper, white-backed planthopper, fall armyworm, cotton aphid, rice stem borer, citrus parrot mite, and thrips.

10. The use according to claim 9, characterized in that, The insecticide is one or more of the following: acetamiprid, imidacloprid, flonicamid, chlorpyrifos, thiamethoxam, lambda-cyhalothrin, tetrachlorantraniliprole, spinosad, chlorfenapyr, abamectin, pymetrozine, chlorantraniliprole, bromuconamide, chlorpyrifos, and triazophos.

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