Hybrid heat management system of container type energy storage system

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of electrochemical energy storage systems, and particularly discloses a mixed heat management system of a container type energy storage system, which comprises an air inlet device, a centrifugal exhaust fan, a temperature and humidity sensing assembly and a control module, and is characterized in that the air inlet device and the centrifugal exhaust fan are arranged on a container body and are directly communicated to form a heat exchange channel; the temperature and humidity sensing assembly is arranged on the container and used for detecting the environment temperature, the environment humidity and the battery cell temperature. The control module is connected with the air inlet device, the centrifugal exhaust fan and the temperature and humidity sensing assembly, and when the environment temperature is larger than T3 and smaller than or equal to T2 and the environment humidity is smaller than preset humidity, the control module is used for controlling the air inlet device to be started to introduce low-temperature airflow for heat exchange and controlling the centrifugal exhaust fan to be started to exhaust heat exchange airflow. The operation efficiency of the energy storage system can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application belongs to the field of electrochemical energy storage systems, and more specifically, relates to a hybrid thermal management system for a containerized energy storage system. Background Technology

[0002] During the energy exchange process of charging and discharging, battery modules consume electrical energy and generate a large amount of heat. In energy storage systems, the batteries are densely arranged and the container environment is relatively closed, which makes it easy for battery heat to accumulate and cause excessive temperature rise, affecting battery life and safety.

[0003] Excessively high or low temperatures can affect the lifespan and reliability of lithium batteries. Currently, one of the main methods for controlling the operating temperature of lithium batteries is to use temperature control equipment for cooling. However, since the charging and discharging processes of lithium batteries inside containers involve continuous heat generation within the enclosed container, the temperature control equipment needs to be constantly in a cooling state to keep the lithium batteries within their optimal operating temperature range. This consumes a large amount of electrical energy, leading to low economic efficiency in the energy storage system. For example, Chinese patent document CN115863836A discloses a temperature control system for a containerized energy storage system. This system incorporates cold air ducts and return air ducts inside the container, and includes motorized louvers and an external temperature control device on the container's side wall. When the external ambient temperature is high, the external temperature control device is activated to cool the container; when the ambient temperature is low, it is activated while simultaneously introducing low-temperature airflow from the external environment to reduce its energy consumption. However, this technical solution requires a complex air duct design inside the container, and the cooling airflow undergoes a long heat exchange process after entering the duct before being discharged from the corresponding return air duct, resulting in significant energy loss during the cooling process. In addition, this type of temperature control system is difficult to use in applications such as oil and gas fields, because oil and gas fields are usually located in cold, high-altitude environments with very low ambient temperatures. The method of thermal management through long-distance and complex air ducts is too time-consuming, inefficient, and energy-intensive.

[0004] In summary, existing containerized energy storage system thermal management systems have complex thermal management methods, which can easily lead to low operating efficiency and high energy consumption. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of this application is to provide a hybrid thermal management system for a containerized energy storage system, which aims to solve the problems of complex design of existing containerized energy storage system thermal management systems, resulting in low operating efficiency and high energy consumption of the energy storage system.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, this application provides a hybrid thermal management system for a containerized energy storage system, comprising: an air intake device, a centrifugal exhaust fan, a temperature and humidity sensing component, and a control module. The air intake device and the centrifugal exhaust fan are mounted on the container body and are directly connected to form a heat exchange channel. The temperature and humidity sensing component is mounted on the container and is used to detect ambient temperature, ambient humidity, and battery cell temperature. The control module is connected to the air intake device, the centrifugal exhaust fan, and the temperature and humidity sensing component. When T3 < ambient temperature ≤ T2 and ambient humidity < preset humidity, the control module controls the air intake device to open to introduce low-temperature airflow for heat exchange and controls the centrifugal exhaust fan to open to discharge the heat exchange airflow, stopping when the battery cell temperature is less than T1, wherein: 35℃ ≥ T1 > 30℃ ≥ T2 > T3 ≥ 12℃.

[0007] Furthermore, it also includes temperature control equipment, which is symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the container and is not coplanar with the air intake device.

[0008] Furthermore, when the ambient temperature is <T4, the control module starts the temperature control equipment to heat up, while simultaneously shutting down the centrifugal exhaust fan and air intake device, until the cell temperature is within the range of T4-T3, at which point the temperature control equipment is shut down. T3 is at least 7°C higher than T4, and T4 is no more than 5°C higher.

[0009] Furthermore, the heating time of the temperature control equipment should not be less than 30 minutes.

[0010] Furthermore, multiple pairs of air inlet devices are symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the container, and the centrifugal exhaust fan is provided on the top surface of the container between each pair of air inlet devices; or, multiple pairs of centrifugal exhaust fans are symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the container, and the air inlet device is provided on the top surface of the container between each pair of centrifugal exhaust fans.

[0011] Furthermore, when the ambient temperature is greater than T1 or the ambient humidity is greater than 60%RH, the centrifugal exhaust fan and air intake device should be turned off, and the air conditioning should be started for cooling and heat dissipation.

[0012] Furthermore, T3 should not exceed 15℃.

[0013] Furthermore, the preset humidity is 60%RH.

[0014] Furthermore, a battery module is installed in the middle of the container, and the air inlet device and centrifugal exhaust fan are both positioned directly opposite the battery module.

[0015] Furthermore, the battery modules are arranged symmetrically and stacked.

[0016] Overall, the technical solutions conceived in this application have the following beneficial effects compared with the prior art: (1) This application takes into account the different climate characteristics and the characteristics of oil and gas fields such as high cold, high altitude and low ambient temperature. Combined with the temperature required for high operating efficiency of battery modules, the temperature control system on the container energy storage system is simplified by setting air intake devices and centrifugal exhaust fans that can be directly connected on the side wall and top surface of the container to form a cooling path. The air intake devices introduce external low temperature airflow for forced air cooling, and the heat exchange airflow is quickly discharged by the centrifugal exhaust fan located between a pair of air intake devices. By shortening the airflow channel, the cooling efficiency is improved to meet the cooling requirements of the battery modules, reduce the loss of the energy storage system and improve the operating efficiency of the energy storage system.

[0017] (2) This application also addresses the temperature control requirements of the energy storage system in extremely cold or hot environments by coordinating the cooling or heating of the temperature control equipment. When the ambient temperature is greater than the preset maximum operating temperature T1, or the ambient humidity is greater than or equal to the preset humidity required for the normal operation of the battery module, the temperature control equipment can be turned on to cool down until the battery module temperature drops to the required temperature and then the air conditioner is turned off, relying on the heat generated by the battery module itself to maintain the operating temperature. When the ambient temperature is less than the preset minimum temperature and the ambient humidity is less than the preset humidity, the temperature control equipment can be turned on to cool down quickly. When the battery module temperature rises to the required temperature, the air conditioner is turned off, relying on the heat generated by the battery module itself to maintain the operating temperature. Thus, rapid temperature control is achieved under extremely hot and cold conditions, and the operation is maintained by utilizing the heat generated by the battery module itself, thereby further reducing the energy consumption of the energy storage system and improving the operating efficiency of the energy storage system.

[0018] (3) In this application, the low-temperature airflow introduced into the energy storage system will be heat exchanged and the hot airflow will be discharged to the external environment through a centrifugal fan to accelerate heat dissipation, thereby overcoming the problem of low heat exchange efficiency and the need to turn on the temperature control equipment for cooling, thereby reducing the power consumption of the temperature control equipment of the energy storage system and increasing the overall efficiency of the energy storage system by about 2% in absolute efficiency.

[0019] (4) In this application, when the ambient temperature is between T4 and T3, the temperature control device stops operating and the centrifugal exhaust fan and air intake device are both turned off. The optimal temperature required for the operation of the energy storage system is maintained by the heat generated by the battery module itself, thereby enabling the energy storage system to be in the optimal energy-saving state. Since there is no cooling or heating activity in the energy storage system, the energy storage system can maintain higher operating efficiency at this time.

[0020] In this application, the air intake device and the centrifugal exhaust fan are linked and controlled. When the air intake device is turned on, the centrifugal exhaust fan is turned on at the same time, and when the air intake device is turned off, the centrifugal exhaust fan is turned off at the same time. Through the linkage between the two, the energy consumption of the energy storage system is further reduced and its operating efficiency is improved.

[0021] Other features and advantages of the technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail in the following detailed embodiments section. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a top view schematic diagram of the hybrid thermal management system of the containerized energy storage system provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 2 This is a front view structural diagram of the hybrid thermal management system of the containerized energy storage system provided in the embodiments of this application.

[0023] In all the accompanying drawings, the same reference numerals are used to denote the same elements or structures, wherein: 1-container, 2-rain cover, 3-air inlet device, 4-centrifugal exhaust fan, 5-second temperature sensor, 6-temperature control device, 7-electric louver, 8-dust filter cotton, 9-first temperature sensor, 10-humidity sensor, 11-rain cover. Detailed Implementation

[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of this application clearer, the following detailed description is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative and not intended to limit the scope of this application.

[0025] The technical solutions provided in the embodiments of this application are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0026] This embodiment provides a hybrid thermal management system for a containerized energy storage system, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the container includes a rectangular, enclosed container 1, and also includes an air intake device 3, a centrifugal exhaust fan 4, a temperature and humidity sensing component, a temperature control device 6, and a control module.

[0027] The air inlet device 3 includes three pairs, which are symmetrically arranged on the front and rear side walls of the container 1. Specifically, air vents are opened on the front and rear side walls of the container 1. Each air inlet device consists of stacked motorized louvers 7 and dust filter cotton 8, and is installed on the air vent. When the motorized louvers 7 on the front and rear side walls are opened, the external airflow from both sides enters the container 1 relative to each other, and the dust filter cotton 8 on the corresponding side can filter the dust in the airflow.

[0028] Centrifugal exhaust fans 4 are installed on the top surface of container 1, and their number is the same as the number of air inlet devices 3. Each centrifugal exhaust fan is aligned with a pair of air inlet devices 3. When the centrifugal exhaust fans 4 and air inlet devices 3 are turned on, they can directly communicate with the internal space of the container to form a heat exchange channel inside container 1. When the centrifugal exhaust fans are running, they will draw in external cooling airflow from the air inlet devices 3. The cooling airflow entering from the front and rear sides of container 1 will quickly exchange heat and cool the battery module in the middle of container 1. The airflow after convective heat exchange will be directly and quickly discharged by the centrifugal exhaust fans 4 located in the middle of the top surface of container 1, thereby realizing rapid adjustment of the battery cell temperature.

[0029] The aforementioned temperature and humidity sensing components are mounted on container 1 and are used to detect ambient temperature, ambient humidity, and battery cell temperature. Specifically, the temperature and humidity sensing components include a first temperature sensor 9 mounted on the outside of container 1, a humidity sensor 10 mounted on the outside of container 1, and a second temperature sensor 5 mounted on or near the battery module on the inner wall of container 1. Preferably, multiple of these sensors are arranged to detect the ambient temperature, ambient humidity, and battery cell temperature (i.e., the heat generated by the battery module).

[0030] The aforementioned control module is electrically connected to the air intake device, centrifugal exhaust fan, and temperature and humidity sensing component, respectively. Specifically, it can be installed in the electrical compartment inside container 1 (not shown in the figure due to the angle). It can be understood that the control module in this embodiment can be a central processing unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSPs), application-specific integrated circuits (ASICs), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGAs), or other programmable logic devices, transistor logic devices, hardware components, or any combination thereof.

[0031] In this embodiment, a temperature control device 6 is also included. The aforementioned temperature control device 6 is symmetrically arranged on the left and right side walls of the container 1, and is aligned with the centrifugal exhaust fan 4 along the central axis of the container 1 along its length. Specifically, the temperature control device 6 is an air conditioning device capable of achieving cooling and heating effects inside the container 1.

[0032] In this embodiment, a rain cover is also provided above the centrifugal exhaust fan 4 to prevent outdoor rainwater from corroding the centrifugal exhaust fan 4 and to prevent rainwater from entering the container 1 when the centrifugal exhaust fan 4 is turned on.

[0033] In other preferred embodiments, the aforementioned centrifugal exhaust fan 4 and air inlet device 3 are linked and controlled. When the control module controls the centrifugal exhaust fan 4 to open and close, the air inlet device 3 will open and close automatically accordingly. Alternatively, when the control module controls the air inlet device 3 to open and close, the centrifugal exhaust fan 4 will open and close automatically accordingly.

[0034] In other preferred embodiments, the battery module in the middle of the container 1 is composed of multiple stacked single cells, and the air intake direction of the aforementioned air intake device 3 and centrifugal exhaust fan 4 is directly facing the aforementioned battery module to ensure that the cooling airflow can directly and quickly exchange heat with the battery module.

[0035] In other preferred embodiments, the arrangement positions of the centrifugal exhaust fan 4 and the air inlet device 3 can also be interchanged. That is, a row of air inlet devices 3 is fixed in the middle of the top surface of the container, and the centrifugal exhaust fans 4 are arranged opposite each other on the two side walls of the container 1, so that the ambient airflow enters from the top and exits from the side walls. Correspondingly, a rain cover also needs to be installed above the air inlet device, and the specific structure of the air inlet device is the same as the aforementioned air inlet device structure.

[0036] During the operation of the energy storage system, the overall control logic of the hybrid thermal management system is as follows: (1) When T3 < ambient temperature ≤ T2 and ambient humidity < preset humidity, the control module controls the air intake device 3 to open based on the received ambient temperature information to introduce low temperature airflow for heat exchange, and also controls the centrifugal exhaust fan 4 to open to discharge the heat exchange airflow until the cell temperature is less than T1 and then stops; where 35℃≥T1>30℃≥T2>T3≥12℃.

[0037] In a preferred embodiment, the typical operating temperature of the battery cell is 25°C to 35°C. Therefore, the optimal temperature values ​​are set as follows: T1 is 35°C, T2 is 30°C, and T3 is 12°C, which makes the energy storage system consume less energy and operate more efficiently.

[0038] (2) When the ambient temperature is <T4, the control module starts the temperature control device 6 to heat up. The heating time is preferably less than or equal to 30 minutes. In this embodiment, heating for 30 minutes is sufficient to achieve the heating effect. At the same time, the centrifugal exhaust fan 4 and the air inlet device 3 are turned off until the cell temperature is within the range of T4-T3. Then the temperature control device 6 is turned off. At this time, the working temperature can be maintained by the self-generated heat of the battery module during operation. T3 is at least 7°C higher than T4, and T4 is no more than 5°C.

[0039] In the preferred embodiment, T4 is selected as 5°C, at which point the air conditioner is more efficient in heating and consumes relatively less energy.

[0040] (3) When the ambient temperature is >T1 or the ambient humidity is ≥60%RH, turn off the centrifugal exhaust fan 4 and the air inlet device 3, and start the temperature control device 6 for cooling. Specifically, since high air humidity will reduce the electrical safety of the batteries in the energy storage container, and when the ambient temperature is high, even if the ambient air is introduced into the container, it will still not be able to effectively dissipate heat from the batteries. Therefore, when the ambient temperature is >35℃ or the air humidity is ≥60%RH, turn off the centrifugal exhaust fan on the container surface and the electric louvers of the air inlet device arranged on the front and rear side walls of the container, and only start the air conditioning device 6 for cooling.

[0041] This application can improve the operating efficiency of electrochemical energy storage systems and solves the technical defect that all the heat generated during the operation of the battery modules inside the current energy storage container is cooled by air conditioning, resulting in very high energy consumption. This application adopts a coordinated approach of air conditioning and external air cooling, which reduces the air conditioning operation time and achieves high efficiency and energy saving.

[0042] It should be understood that expressions such as "comprising" and "may include" as used in this application indicate the existence of the disclosed functions, operations, or constituent elements, and do not limit one or more additional functions, operations, and constituent elements. In this application, terms such as "comprising" and / or "having" may be interpreted as indicating a specific characteristic, number, operation, constituent element, component, or combination thereof, but should not be interpreted as excluding the existence or possibility of adding one or more other characteristics, numbers, operations, constituent elements, components, or combinations thereof.

[0043] It should be understood that the terms “center,” “upper,” “lower,” “front,” “rear,” “left,” “right,” “vertical,” “horizontal,” “inner,” “outer,” “clockwise,” “counterclockwise,” “axial,” “radial,” and “circumferential” indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this application.

[0044] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0045] In this application, unless otherwise expressly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," "linking," and "fixing," etc., should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection between two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this application according to the specific circumstances.

[0046] Those skilled in the art will readily understand that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit this application. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the protection scope of this application.

Claims

1. A hybrid thermal management system for a containerized energy storage system, characterized in that, include: An air intake device (3), a centrifugal exhaust fan (4), a temperature and humidity sensing component, and a control module are provided. The air intake device (3) and the centrifugal exhaust fan (4) are installed on the body of the container (1) and are directly connected to form a heat exchange channel. The temperature and humidity sensing component is installed on the container (1) and is used to detect the ambient temperature, ambient humidity, and battery cell temperature. The control module is connected to the air intake device, the centrifugal exhaust fan, and the temperature and humidity sensing component respectively. When T3 < ambient temperature ≤ T2 and ambient humidity < preset humidity, the control module is used to control the air intake device (3) to open to introduce low-temperature airflow for heat exchange and to control the centrifugal exhaust fan (5) to open to discharge the heat exchange airflow until the battery cell temperature is less than T1 and then stops. Wherein: 35℃ ≥ T1 > 30℃ ≥ T2 > T3 ≥ 12℃.

2. The hybrid thermal management system as described in claim 1, characterized in that: It also includes a temperature control device (6), which is symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the container (1) and is located on a different surface of the container (1) from the air inlet device (3) and the centrifugal exhaust fan.

3. The hybrid thermal management system as described in claim 2, characterized in that, When the ambient temperature is <T4, the control module starts the temperature control device (6) to heat, and at the same time shuts down the centrifugal exhaust fan (4) and the air inlet device (3) until the cell temperature is within the range of T4-T3 and then shuts down the temperature control device (6). Among them, T3 is at least 7°C higher than T4 and T4 is no more than 5°C.

4. The hybrid thermal management system as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The heating time of the temperature control device (6) shall not be less than 30 minutes.

5. The hybrid thermal management system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple pairs of air intake devices (3) are symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the container (1), and the centrifugal exhaust fan (4) is provided on the top surface of the container (1) between each pair of air intake devices; or, multiple pairs of centrifugal exhaust fans (4) are symmetrically arranged on the side wall of the container (1), and the air intake device (3) is provided on the top surface of the container (1) between each pair of centrifugal exhaust fans (4).

6. The hybrid thermal management system as described in claim 2, characterized in that, When the ambient temperature is greater than T1 or the ambient humidity is greater than 60%RH, turn off the centrifugal exhaust fan (4) and the air inlet device (3), and start the temperature control device (6) for cooling and heat dissipation.

7. The hybrid thermal management system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, T3 is no greater than 15℃.

8. The hybrid thermal management system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The preset humidity is 60%RH.

9. The hybrid thermal management system as described in claim 1, characterized in that, A battery module is provided in the middle of the container (1), and the air inlet device (3) and the centrifugal exhaust fan (4) are both facing the battery module.

10. The hybrid thermal management system as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The battery modules are arranged symmetrically and stacked.

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