Fish collection system

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of fish collection facilities technology, specifically to a fish collection system. It includes: a fish collection device and a sorting device. One fish collection device is installed on each side of the end section of the power generation tailrace channel, and the sorting device is located on a sorting layer above the fish collection devices. The fish collection device includes a fish inlet, a stilling basin, and a fish collection pool. The fish inlet is located at the outlet of the power generation tailrace channel. The stilling basin, fish collection pool, and fish inlet are arranged sequentially along the water flow direction from upstream to downstream. The stilling basin is connected to the fish collection pool and contains energy dissipation equipment. The fish collection pool is connected to the fish inlet and contains a fish collection box with a fish release outlet. The sorting device includes a lifting hoist and a sorting assembly. The lifting hoist is used to lift the fish collection box to the sorting layer, and the sorting assembly is located on the sorting layer and can connect with the fish release outlet. The fish collection system provided by this invention achieves fish collection on both sides of the power generation tailrace outlet, improving fish collection efficiency and reducing equipment costs.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of fish collection facilities technology, and in particular to a fish collection system. Background Technology

[0002] Migratory fish complete their life history and facilitate gene exchange through swimming, which is crucial for maintaining the genetic diversity and adaptability of their populations. Migration not only helps fish find suitable breeding and foraging sites but also promotes gene flow between populations, thereby enhancing the species' survival ability. However, with the increasing demand for hydropower, the number of dams built globally is constantly growing. Dam-built rivers provide irrigation water and electricity for humans, but also lead to the fragmentation of river ecosystems. Fish passage facilities, as connecting channels between upstream and downstream areas of dammed rivers, aim to assist fish migration and promote the exchange of matter, energy, and genes between the upstream and downstream areas, minimizing the ecological fragmentation caused by hydropower station construction. Fish passage facilities are key to the success of fish passage facilities.

[0003] Existing fish-attracting facilities utilize the tailwater from power generation to create water flow conditions for fish attraction, and these facilities are typically located on one side of the tailwater outlet, either upstream or downstream. Related fish aggregation results show that fish accumulate in both areas on either side of the tailwater outlet, meaning that placing the fish-attracting facility on only one side reduces its efficiency. Furthermore, existing fish-attracting facilities usually only have a single fish-attracting function and cannot simultaneously perform sorting, thus impacting operational efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a fish collection system to alleviate the problems in the prior art where fish collection facilities are arranged on only one side of the power generation tailwater outlet, thus affecting fish collection efficiency, and where fish collection facilities only have a single fish collection function and cannot simultaneously perform sorting.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the technical solution provided by the present invention is as follows: A fish collection system includes: a fish collection device and a sorting device. One set of the fish collection device is installed on each side of the end section of the power generation tailwater channel, and the sorting device is installed on the sorting layer above the fish collection device. The fish collection device includes a fish inlet, a stilling pool, and a fish collection pool. The fish inlet is located at the outlet of the power generation tailwater channel. The stilling pool, the fish collection pool, and the fish inlet are arranged sequentially along the water flow direction from upstream to downstream. The stilling pool is connected to the fish collection pool. The stilling pool is equipped with energy dissipation equipment. The fish collection pool is connected to the fish inlet. The fish collection pool is equipped with a fish collection box, and the fish collection box is equipped with a fish release port. The sorting device includes a lifting and opening mechanism and a sorting component. The lifting and opening mechanism is used to lift the fish collection box to the sorting layer. The sorting component is disposed on the sorting layer and can dock with the fish release port.

[0006] Furthermore, the fish collection device also includes a water supply pipeline connected to the stilling basin. The water supply pipeline is equipped with a flow regulating valve and is used to introduce power generation tailwater or ecological flow into the stilling basin.

[0007] Furthermore, the outlet side of the stilling pool is provided with several drainage holes, and the stilling pool is connected to the fish collection pool through the drainage holes.

[0008] Furthermore, the stilling basin is connected to an overflow channel, the outlet of which is connected to the fish inlet, and the bottom elevation of the overflow channel is at least 30cm higher than the highest water level of the river.

[0009] Furthermore, the sorting assembly includes a sorting trough and a holding tank. The two ends of the sorting trough can be connected to the fish release ports of the two sets of fish collection devices, respectively, and the middle part of the sorting trough is connected to the holding tank.

[0010] Furthermore, an escape-proof cage is installed on the downstream side of the fish collection pond, which can cover both the highest and lowest operating water levels.

[0011] Furthermore, it also includes a maintenance device, which is located downstream of the escape-proof cage and is used to maintain the fish-collecting device.

[0012] Furthermore, the maintenance device includes a gate slot, a maintenance gate, and a power unit. The gate slot is located on the downstream side of the escape-proof cage, and the downstream side of the gate slot is the fish inlet. The maintenance gate is installed inside the gate slot, and the maintenance gate is lowered into the gate slot by the power unit to block water.

[0013] Furthermore, the power assembly includes a mobile gate hoist and a track, both of which are located on the sorting layer. The mobile gate hoist is connected to the maintenance gate, and the mobile gate hoist and the track are in sliding cooperation.

[0014] Furthermore, the bottom of the temporary holding tank is connected to a fish release pipe, and the end of the fish release pipe away from the temporary holding tank is connected to a fish release vehicle.

[0015] This invention can bring at least the following beneficial effects: The fish collection system provided by this invention includes: a fish collection device and a sorting device. One set of the fish collection device is installed on each side of the end section of the power generation tailrace channel. The sorting device is located on a sorting layer above the fish collection device. The fish collection device includes a fish inlet, a stilling basin, and a fish collection pool. The fish inlet is located at the outlet of the power generation tailrace channel. The stilling basin, the fish collection pool, and the fish inlet are arranged sequentially along the water flow direction from upstream to downstream. The stilling basin is connected to the fish collection pool and contains energy dissipation equipment. The fish collection pool is connected to the fish inlet and contains a fish collection box with a fish release outlet. The sorting device includes a lifting hoist and a sorting assembly. The lifting hoist is used to lift the fish collection box to the sorting layer. The sorting assembly is located on the sorting layer and can connect with the fish release outlet.

[0016] A fish-collecting device is installed on each side of the end of the power generation tailrace channel, with some operating equipment shared. This achieves fish collection on both sides of the tailrace outlet, improving collection efficiency and reducing equipment costs. The stilling basin uses energy dissipation equipment to appropriately reduce the flow velocity of the introduced tailrace water before directing it into the fish-collecting pool. Finally, the water flows into the fish inlet to attract fish. Fish flow against the current into the collection tank within the pool. Once a certain number are collected, a hoist lifts the collection tank to the sorting layer. The sorting components on the sorting layer connect with the fish outlet of the collection tank, allowing the fish to be sorted. This fish-collecting system simultaneously collects and sorts fish, improving operational efficiency.

[0017] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, preferred embodiments are described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. Attached Figure Description

[0018] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific embodiments or related technologies of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or related technologies will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0019] Figure 1 This is a plan view of the fish collection system provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the sorting layer of the fish collection system provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the lifting and opening mechanism of the fish collection system provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 for Figure 1 Sectional view of AA; Figure 5 for Figure 1 BB section view; Figure 6 Three-dimensional fish collection system provided in the embodiments of the present invention Figure 1 ; Figure 7 Three-dimensional fish collection system provided in the embodiments of the present invention Figure 2 ; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional flow field distribution within the fish collection system under the first operating condition. Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the internal cross-sectional flow velocity of the fish collection system along the water flow direction under the first operating condition. Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the flow velocity at the cross-section of the fish inlet under the first operating condition. Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional flow field distribution within the fish collection system under the second operating condition. Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the internal cross-sectional flow velocity of the fish collection system along the water flow direction under the second operating condition. Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the flow velocity at the cross-section of the fish inlet under the second operating condition.

[0020] icon: 1-Power generation tailrace channel; 2-Power generation tailrace outlet; 3-Tailrace channel sidewall; 4-Water supply pipeline; 5-Flow regulating valve; 6-Energy dissipation pool; 7-Discharge hole; 8-Fish collection pool; 9-Fish collection box; 10-Escape prevention cage; 11-Flow divider; 12-Gate slot; 13-Fish inlet; 14-Overflow channel; 15-Floor opening; 16-Sorting trough; 17-Temporary holding pool; 18-Mobile gate hoist; 19-Railway; 20-Lifting gate hoist; 21-Maintenance gate; 22-Minimum operating water level; 23-Maximum operating water level. Detailed Implementation

[0021] The technical solution of the present invention will now be clearly and completely described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, of the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0022] It should be noted that similar labels and letters in the following figures indicate similar items. Therefore, once an item is defined in one figure, it does not need to be further defined and explained in subsequent figures.

[0023] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance. Physical quantities in formulas, unless otherwise specified, should be understood as basic quantities in the International System of Units (SI), or derived quantities derived from basic quantities through mathematical operations such as multiplication, division, differentiation, or integration.

[0024] Furthermore, terms such as "horizontal," "vertical," and "sag" do not imply that components must be absolutely horizontal or suspended, but rather that they can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" simply means that its direction is more horizontal relative to "vertical," and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0025] In the description of this invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0026] The following detailed description of some embodiments of the present invention is provided in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Unless otherwise specified, the following embodiments and features can be combined with each other.

[0027] Example 1 Existing fish-attracting facilities utilize the tailwater from power generation to create water flow conditions for fish attraction, and these facilities are typically located on one side of the tailwater outlet, either upstream or downstream. Related fish aggregation results show that fish accumulate in both areas on either side of the tailwater outlet, meaning that placing the fish-attracting facility on only one side reduces its efficiency. Furthermore, existing fish-attracting facilities usually only have a single fish-attracting function and cannot simultaneously perform sorting, thus impacting operational efficiency.

[0028] In view of this, the present invention provides a fish collection system, including: a fish collection device and a sorting device. A fish collection device is set on each side of the end of the power generation tailwater channel 1, and the sorting device is set on the sorting layer above the fish collection device. The fish collection device includes a fish inlet 13, a stilling pool 6 and a fish collection pool 8. The fish inlet 13 is set at the outlet of the power generation tailwater channel 1. The stilling pool 6, the fish collection pool 8 and the fish inlet 13 are arranged sequentially along the water flow direction from upstream to downstream. The stilling pool 6 is connected to the fish collection pool 8. The stilling pool 6 is equipped with energy dissipation equipment. The fish collection pool 8 is connected to the fish inlet 13. The fish collection pool 8 is equipped with a fish collection box 9 and a fish release port. The sorting device includes a lifting hoist 20 and a sorting component. The lifting hoist 20 is used to lift the fish collection box 9 to the sorting layer. The sorting component is set on the sorting layer and can dock with the fish release port.

[0029] See Figure 4 , Figure 6 and Figure 7 A fish-collecting device is installed on each side of the end of the tailwater channel 1, with some operating equipment sharing the same setup. This achieves fish collection on both sides of the tailwater outlet 2, improving collection efficiency and reducing equipment costs. The stilling basin 6 uses energy dissipation equipment to appropriately reduce the flow velocity of the introduced tailwater before directing it into the fish-collecting pool 8. Finally, the water flows into the fish inlet 13 to attract fish. The fish flow against the current into the fish collection box 9 within the fish collection pool 8. Once a certain number have been collected, the lifting hoist 20 elevates the fish collection box 9 to the sorting layer. The sorting components on the sorting layer connect with the fish outlet of the fish collection box 9, thus sorting the fish on the sorting layer. The fish-collecting system simultaneously achieves fish collection and sorting, improving operational efficiency.

[0030] In this embodiment, the fish inlet 13 is kept relatively close to the power generation tailwater outlet 2 to facilitate the attraction of fish to both sides of the outlet 2 using the power generation tailwater, thus making the fish inlet 13 easier to spot. The fish inlet 13 is preferably funnel-shaped to increase the cross-sectional area for fish entry. See also... Figure 3 The hoist 20 can be installed on the roof of the second floor or on the ground floor of the third floor.

[0031] In an optional embodiment, the fish collection device further includes a water supply pipeline 4, which is connected to the stilling basin 6. The water supply pipeline 4 is equipped with a flow regulating valve 5 and is used to introduce the power generation tailwater or ecological flow into the stilling basin 6.

[0032] See Figure 1 The water supply for water supply pipeline 4 mainly comes from the tailwater of the power generation or the ecological flow. Water supply pipeline 4 can be connected to stilling basin 6 through a pipe or open channel. Stilling basin 6 can appropriately reduce the water flow velocity. Appropriate energy dissipation facilities are installed in stilling basin 6 as needed. Stilling basin 6 can be arranged at the side wall 3 of the tailwater channel.

[0033] In an optional embodiment, the outlet side of the stilling pool 6 is provided with a plurality of discharge holes 7, and the stilling pool 6 is connected to the fish collection pool 8 through the discharge holes 7.

[0034] See Figure 3 The number, diameter, and arrangement of the discharge holes 7 can be determined through numerical simulation or physical modeling based on the required flow rate of the fish collection system, while ensuring uniform velocity distribution across the cross-sections of the downstream fish collection pool 8 and the fish inlet 13. Water from the stilling basin 6 is directed to the fish collection pool 8 through multiple discharge holes 7. The discharge holes 7 are preferably evenly arranged laterally and vertically to ensure uniform water flow into the fish collection pool 8 and the fish inlet 13. The flow rate from the discharge holes 7 enters the fish collection pool 8. The length of the fish collection pool 8 should be slightly greater than the high-velocity range of the discharge holes 7 to create a low-velocity zone within the fish collection pool 8. The width of the fish collection pool 8 is 2.0-3.0 m.

[0035] In an optional embodiment, the stilling basin 6 is connected to an overflow channel 14, and the outlet of the overflow channel 14 is connected to the fish inlet 13. The bottom elevation of the overflow channel 14 is at least 30cm higher than the highest water level of the river, so that fish cannot swim upstream through the overflow channel 14.

[0036] See Figure 1 The bottom elevation of the overflow channel 14 is higher than the top elevation of the discharge hole 7, and the outflow of the overflow channel 14 is connected to the fish inlet 13 to attract fish. When the flow rate in the stilling basin 6 is too large, the water can flow through the overflow channel 14 to the fish inlet 13, further improving the fish-attracting effect.

[0037] In an optional embodiment, the sorting assembly includes a sorting trough 16 and a holding tank 17. The two ends of the sorting trough 16 can be connected to the fish release ports of two sets of fish collection devices, respectively, and the middle part of the sorting trough 16 is connected to the holding tank 17.

[0038] See Figure 2 The second-floor ground level has a floor slab opening 15, the size of which is designed to ensure the fish collection tank 9 can be smoothly lifted to the second floor. A sorting trough 16 is installed on the second-floor ground level, with both ends connecting to the fish inlets of the fish collection tanks 9 on both sides. The middle of the sorting trough 16 connects to a temporary holding tank 17, ensuring that all fish from the fish collection tanks 9 on both sides can enter the same temporary holding tank 17. A fish release pipe is connected to the bottom of the temporary holding tank 17, with the end of the fish release pipe furthest from the temporary holding tank 17 connected to a fish release vehicle.

[0039] In an optional embodiment, an escape-proof cage 10 is provided on the downstream side of the fish collection pond 8, which can cover the highest operating water level 23 and the lowest operating water level 22.

[0040] See Figure 5Downstream of the fish collection pond 8 are an escape-proof cage 10 and a flow-dividing block 11. The escape-proof cage 10 can prevent the fish in the fish collection pond 8 from swimming away in the direction of the water flow. The flow-dividing block 11 is set between the escape-proof cages 10 and can play the role of separating the water flow.

[0041] In an optional embodiment, the fish collection system further includes a maintenance device located downstream of the escape-proof cage 10, which is used to maintain the fish collection device.

[0042] Specifically, the maintenance device includes a gate slot 12, a maintenance gate 21, and a power unit. The gate slot 12 is located on the downstream side of the escape-proof cage 10, and the downstream side of the gate slot 12 is the fish inlet 13. The maintenance gate 21 is installed inside the gate slot 12, and the maintenance gate 21 is lowered into the gate slot 12 by the power unit to block water.

[0043] The power assembly includes a mobile gate hoist 18 and a track 19. Both the mobile gate hoist 18 and the track 19 are located on the sorting layer. The mobile gate hoist 18 is connected to the maintenance gate 21, and the mobile gate hoist 18 and the track 19 are in sliding cooperation.

[0044] See Figure 1 and Figure 2 A maintenance gate 21 is installed in the gate slot 12. The maintenance gate 21 is connected to the mobile hoist 18 above. The mobile hoist 18 runs on the track 19, enabling one maintenance gate 21 to switch back and forth between the two gate slots 12. When maintenance is required on the upstream side of the gate slot 12, the flow regulating valve 5 is closed. At the same time, the maintenance gate 21 is lowered into the gate slot 12 by the mobile hoist 18 to block water. After the water in the fish collection pond 8 is pumped out, maintenance can begin.

[0045] In this embodiment, fish are attracted by the tailwater of the power generation or the ecological flow. At the same time, a fish collection system is set up on both sides of the tailwater channel 1. Some operating equipment is shared, which improves the fish collection effect and reduces investment.

[0046] Figure 8 The water supply flow rate for the fish collection system is shown to be 6 m³ / h. 3 / s, the three-dimensional flow field distribution within the fish collection system when the water depth at fish inlet 13 is 4.0m; Figure 9 The flow velocity profile inside the fish collection system along the water flow direction is shown under this operating condition; Figure 10 The cross-sectional flow velocity of the fish inlet 13 under this operating condition is shown. Under this operating condition, the flow velocity in most areas from the fish collection pond 8 to the fish inlet 13 is in the range of 0.3-1.5 m / s. Between the induced flow velocity and the sudden swimming speed of most fish, there is an upward channel for fish to swim upstream through the fish collection channel, which almost covers the entire cross-section of the fish collection channel.

[0047] Figure 11 The water replenishment flow rate for the fish collection system is shown to be 10.9 m³ / h.3 / s, the three-dimensional flow field distribution within the fish collection system when the water depth at fish inlet 13 is 4.0m; Figure 12 The flow velocity profile inside the fish collection system along the water flow direction is shown under this operating condition; Figure 13 The cross-sectional flow velocity of the fish inlet 13 under this operating condition is shown. Under this operating condition, the flow velocity in most areas from the fish collection pond 8 to the fish inlet 13 is in the range of 0.3-1.5 m / s. Between the induced flow velocity and the sudden swimming speed of most fish, there is an upward channel for fish to swim upstream through the fish collection channel, which almost covers the entire cross-section of the fish collection channel.

[0048] The above two working conditions analysis shows that after the replenished water flows through the stilling pool 6 and the discharge hole 7, the water flow conditions in the fish collection system meet the needs of fish to swim upstream. Fish can easily swim upstream to the fish collection pool 8 and be collected by the fish collection box 9 in the fish collection pool 8 to the sorting device. Therefore, the fish collection systems on both sides have good fish collection function.

[0049] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them; although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that modifications can still be made to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments, or equivalent substitutions can be made to some or all of the technical features; and these modifications or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fish-collecting system, characterized in that, include: Fish collection device and sorting device: one set of fish collection device is installed on each side of the end of the power generation tailwater channel, and the sorting device is installed on the sorting layer above the fish collection device. The fish collection device includes a fish inlet, a stilling pool, and a fish collection pool. The fish inlet is located at the outlet of the power generation tailwater channel. The stilling pool, the fish collection pool, and the fish inlet are arranged sequentially along the water flow direction from upstream to downstream. The stilling pool is connected to the fish collection pool. The stilling pool is equipped with energy dissipation equipment. The fish collection pool is connected to the fish inlet. The fish collection pool is equipped with a fish collection box, and the fish collection box is equipped with a fish release port. The sorting device includes a lifting and opening mechanism and a sorting component. The lifting and opening mechanism is used to lift the fish collection box to the sorting layer. The sorting component is disposed on the sorting layer and can dock with the fish release port.

2. The fish collection system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The fish collection device also includes a water supply pipeline, which is connected to the stilling basin. The water supply pipeline is equipped with a flow regulating valve and is used to introduce power generation tailwater or ecological flow into the stilling basin.

3. The fish collection system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The stilling basin is provided with several discharge holes on its outlet side, and the stilling basin is connected to the fish collection basin through the discharge holes.

4. The fish collection system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The stilling basin is connected to an overflow channel, the outlet of which is connected to the fish inlet, and the bottom elevation of the overflow channel is at least 30cm higher than the highest water level of the river.

5. The fish collection system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sorting assembly includes a sorting trough and a holding tank. The two ends of the sorting trough can be connected to the fish release ports of the two sets of fish collection devices, respectively, and the middle part of the sorting trough is connected to the holding tank.

6. The fish collection system according to claim 1, characterized in that, An escape-proof cage is installed on the downstream side of the fish collection pond, which can cover both the highest and lowest operating water levels.

7. The fish collection system according to claim 6, characterized in that, It also includes a maintenance device, which is located downstream of the escape-proof cage and is used to maintain the fish-collecting device.

8. The fish collection system according to claim 7, characterized in that, The maintenance device includes a gate slot, a maintenance gate, and a power unit. The gate slot is located on the downstream side of the escape-proof cage, and the downstream side of the gate slot is the fish inlet. The maintenance gate is installed inside the gate slot, and the maintenance gate is lowered into the gate slot by the power unit to block water.

9. The fish collection system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The power assembly includes a mobile gate hoist and a track. Both the mobile gate hoist and the track are located on the sorting layer. The mobile gate hoist is connected to the maintenance gate and slides with the track.

10. The fish collection system according to claim 5, characterized in that, The bottom of the holding tank is connected to a fish release pipe, and the end of the fish release pipe away from the holding tank is connected to a fish release vehicle.

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