Single-arm multifunctional external fixator for fracture

Abstract

The single-arm multifunctional bone fracture external fixation frame comprises a ball head nail clamp, a first connecting base, a second connecting base, a connecting rod assembly and a fixed bone nail; two ends of the connecting rod assembly are connected with the first connecting base and the second connecting base respectively; the first connecting base and the second connecting base are each connected with the ball head nail clamp and are connected in a spherical hinge connection mode; the ball head nail clamp is used for clamping the fixed bone nail; the connecting rod assembly comprises a plurality of connecting rods and a locking mechanism, can provide relative rotation and sliding between the connecting rods in multiple directions, and realizes adjustment and fixation of the angle and position between the connecting rods through the locking mechanism. The application can adapt to the fixing requirements of various bone fractures and is simple to operate, and is suitable for emergency treatment scenes such as disaster relief and wartime.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of orthopedic medical device technology, specifically to a single-arm multifunctional fracture external fixator. Background Technology

[0002] External fixation techniques for fractures are a widely used treatment method in orthopedic clinics, especially suitable for open fractures, severe soft tissue injuries, infected fractures, complex periarticular fractures, and cases requiring traction or staged surgery. Existing external fixators are mainly divided into modular external fixators (such as the Hoffmann external fixator) and single-arm integrated external fixators. Modular external fixators consist of multiple rods, connectors, and clips. Their modular installation method makes them highly flexible and adaptable to various fracture fixation needs of the upper and lower limbs. However, the overall structure has many components, making operation relatively complex and requiring a high level of skill from the surgeon, making them suitable for specialized hospitals. Single-arm integrated external fixators use a pre-assembled method to combine the rods, clips, etc., into a single system, enabling rapid fixation of fractures at specific locations. Operation is simple; however, existing single-arm integrated external fixator products are basically for specific purposes, requiring different external fixators for different fracture sites, and are not universally applicable. In situations where medical resources are limited, such as earthquake relief and frontline medical care, the complexity of modular external fixators and the low flexibility of single-arm integrated external fixators cannot meet the treatment needs of a large number of patients with various types of fractures. Therefore, a single-arm multifunctional fracture external fixator that can adapt to the fixation needs of multiple fractures and is easy to operate is needed to solve the above-mentioned problems and is suitable for emergency treatment of fracture patients in disaster relief, wartime, and other scenarios. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of this invention is to provide a single-arm multifunctional fracture external fixator that can adapt to various fracture fixation needs and is easy to operate, making it suitable for emergency treatment scenarios such as disaster relief and wartime.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides a single-arm multifunctional fracture external fixator, comprising a ball-head screw clamp, a first connecting base, a second connecting base, a connecting rod assembly, and a fixation bone screw; both ends of the connecting rod assembly are respectively connected to the first connecting base and the second connecting base; each of the first connecting base and the second connecting base is connected to one of the ball-head screw clamps, all using a ball-hinged connection method; the ball-head screw clamps are used to hold the fixation bone screws; the connecting rod assembly includes several links and a locking mechanism, which can provide relative rotation and sliding between the links in multiple directions, and the locking mechanism realizes the adjustment and fixation of the angle and position between the links.

[0005] The aforementioned single-arm multifunctional fracture external fixator includes a linkage assembly comprising an upper linkage, a sliding locking member, a middle linkage, a rotating locking member, a rotating linkage, a telescopic linkage, and a lower linkage. The upper linkage is connected to the middle linkage via the sliding locking member, which enables relative rotation and movement between the upper and middle linkages, as well as fixation. The middle linkage is connected to the rotating linkage via the rotating locking member, which enables relative rotation between the middle and rotating linkages, as well as fixation. The rotating linkage is connected to the telescopic linkage, allowing relative rotation and locking between them. The telescopic linkage is connected to the lower linkage, allowing relative sliding and locking between them. The upper and lower linkages are respectively fixedly connected to the first connecting base and the second connecting base.

[0006] The aforementioned single-arm multifunctional fracture external fixator includes a sliding locking component comprising a fixing bolt, an upper locking buckle, a square washer, and a lower locking buckle; both the upper connecting rod and the middle connecting rod have slots, with the upper connecting rod resting on the middle connecting rod; the upper locking buckle is inserted into the square washer and is rotatable relative to the square washer; the square washer is inserted into the slot of the upper connecting rod and is slidable within the slot; the lower locking buckle is inserted into the slot of the middle connecting rod and is slidable within the slot. The middle connecting rod slides in the groove; the lower locking buckle is connected to the upper locking buckle, and the fixing bolt passes through the upper locking buckle and is threadedly connected to the lower locking buckle; when the fixing bolt is not tightened, the contact between each component is in a relatively sliding state, the upper connecting rod can rotate relative to the middle connecting rod around the central axis of the sliding groove locking component, and the upper connecting rod can move relative to the middle connecting rod along the contact surface between the two; when the fixing bolt is tightened, the friction between the contact between each component increases, so that the upper connecting rod and the middle connecting rod are relatively fixed in their existing positions.

[0007] The aforementioned single-arm multifunctional fracture external fixator includes a rotating locking component comprising a rotating fixing bolt, a rotating upper locking buckle, and a rotating lower locking buckle; a central connecting rod is placed on the rotating connecting rod; the rotating upper locking buckle is inserted into the central connecting rod and can rotate relative to the central connecting rod; the rotating lower locking buckle is inserted into the rotating connecting rod and is connected to the rotating upper locking buckle; the rotating fixing bolt passes through the rotating upper locking buckle and is threadedly connected to the rotating lower locking buckle; when the rotating fixing bolt is not tightened, the central connecting rod can rotate relative to the rotating connecting rod around the central axis of the rotating locking component; when the rotating fixing bolt is tightened, the friction between the contacting components increases, thereby fixing the central connecting rod and the rotating connecting rod relative to each other.

[0008] In the aforementioned single-arm multifunctional fracture external fixator, the rotating link is connected to the telescopic link by bolts, and the two can rotate relative to each other. After the relative position of the two is determined, they are locked and fixed by pressure bolts. The telescopic link is connected to the lower link by double bolts and a sliding groove. After the relative position of the two is determined, they are locked and fixed by pressure bolts.

[0009] The aforementioned single-arm multifunctional fracture external fixator omits the connecting rod assembly and directly connects the first connecting base and the second connecting base to form a short-distance external fixator for temporary fixation of a single long bone.

[0010] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial technical effects of the present invention are: First, the movable connection design of the ball-head screw clip and connecting base makes the fixation process more flexible, allowing for precise adjustment of the fixation angle and position according to different fracture locations and treatment needs. Second, the multi-directional adjustment design of the linkage assembly makes the external fixator more adaptable, meeting the treatment needs of different types of fractures. Finally, the simple short-distance external fixator design can achieve temporary fixation of a single long bone.

[0011] The fracture external fixator of the present invention has a compact structure, strong stability, and simple operation. It is suitable for environments where medical resources are relatively scarce, such as disaster relief and wartime, and has broad application prospects. Attached Figure Description

[0012] The single-arm multifunctional fracture external fixator of the present invention is given by the following embodiments and figures.

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a single-arm multifunctional fracture external fixator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0014] Figure 2 This is an exploded view of the first ball-head nail clamp and the first connecting base in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0015] Figure 3 This is an exploded view of the connection between the first ball-head nail clamp and the first connecting base in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0016] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the linkage assembly structure in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0017] Figure 5 This is an exploded view of the sliding locking component of the connecting rod assembly in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 6 This is an exploded view of the rotating locking member and rotating connecting rod in an embodiment of the present invention, showing their interaction from the opposite direction.

[0019] Figure 7This is an exploded view of the rotation locking component and the rotation connecting rod in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0020] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of a short-distance external fixing frame in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0021] Figure 9 This is an exploded view of the short-distance external fixing frame in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the use of a short-distance external fixator in this invention to fix single fractures of the tibia and femur.

[0023] Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the use of a single-arm multifunctional fracture external fixator in this invention to fix fractures of the lower limb cross joints.

[0024] Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the use of a single-arm multifunctional fracture external fixator to fix the elbow joint in this invention. Detailed Implementation

[0025] The following will combine Figures 1-12 The single-arm multifunctional fracture external fixator of the present invention will be described in further detail.

[0026] Figure 1 The diagram shown is a schematic diagram of a single-arm multifunctional fracture external fixator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] like Figure 1 This embodiment of the single-arm multifunctional fracture external fixator includes a first ball-head screw clamp 1, a second ball-head screw clamp 6, a first connecting base 2, a second connecting base 3, a connecting rod assembly 4, and a fixation bone screw 5. The two ends of the connecting rod assembly 4 are respectively connected to the first connecting base 2 and the second connecting base 3 via bolts. The first ball-head screw clamp 1 is movably connected to the first connecting base 2 via a ball hinge. The second ball-head screw clamp 6 is movably connected to the second connecting base 3 via a ball hinge. Both the first ball-head screw clamp 1 and the second ball-head screw clamp 6 are used to clamp the fixation bone screw 5, which is used for implantation into the bone of the fracture patient. The structure of the second ball-head screw clamp 6 is the same as that of the first ball-head screw clamp 1.

[0028] Figure 2 The figure shown is an exploded view of the first ball-head nail clamp and the first connecting base in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 The image shown is an exploded view of the connection between the first ball-head nail clamp and the first connecting base in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] In this embodiment, the connection method between the second connecting base 3 and the second ball head clip 6 is the same as the connection method between the first connecting base 2 and the first ball head clip 1. Taking one side as an example, the connection method between the ball head clip and the connecting base is described in detail.

[0030] like Figure 2 and Figure 3 The first ball head clip 1 includes a main clip 101, a secondary clip 103, and a connecting ball head 102; the connecting ball head 102 includes a ball head 1022 and a column, the ball head 1022 is connected to the column, and a through hole 1021 is formed on the column; the main clip 101 has a through hole 1011. The first connecting base 2 includes a connecting block sleeve 201, a cam pusher block 202, a connecting block 203, and a camshaft 204; the connecting block sleeve 201 has a spherical surface 2011 inside; one end face of the cam pusher block 202 has a cylindrical concave surface 2021, and the cam pusher block 202 has a spherical surface 2022 inside; the connecting block 203 has a through hole 2031; the camshaft 204 includes a cam surface 2041 and a cylindrical surface 2042, and the radius of the cam surface 2041 is smaller than the radius of the cylindrical surface 2042; The main nail clamp 101 and the secondary nail clamp 102 are connected by bolts, and the fixed bone nail 5 is clamped between them. The fixed bone nail 5 is connected to the main nail clamp 101 and the secondary nail clamp 102 by friction. The column of the connecting ball head 102 is inserted into the main nail clamp 101, and the ball head 1022 of the connecting ball head 102 is placed inside the connecting block sleeve 201; the through hole 1021 on the column of the connecting ball head 102 is coaxial with the through hole 1011 on the main nail clamp 101 and is connected by bolts. The cam pusher 202 is placed inside the connecting block 203, and the camshaft 204 is inserted into the through hole 2031 of the connecting block 203. The cylindrical concave surface 2021 of the cam pusher 202 contacts the camshaft 204. The connecting block 203 and the connecting block sleeve 201 are coaxially nested and fixed together by a slot and a fastening screw. The ball head 1022 of the connecting ball head 102 contacts the spherical surface 2022 of the cam pusher 202. In the initial assembly stage, the cam surface 2041 of the camshaft 204 contacts the cylindrical concave surface 2021 of the cam push block 202, and the ball head 1022 of the connecting ball head 102 does not contact the spherical surface 2011 of the connecting block sleeve 201. At this time, the connecting ball head 102 is in a movable state, which drives the first ball head nail clamp 1 to rotate in space, thereby adapting to different spatial positions of the fixed bone nail 5. When the camshaft 204 is rotated 90° using an Allen wrench, the cylindrical surface 2042 of the camshaft 204 contacts the cylindrical concave surface 2021 of the cam pusher 202. Since the radius of the cylindrical surface 2042 of the camshaft 204 is larger than the cam surface 2041 of the camshaft 204, the cylindrical surface 2042 of the camshaft 204 will push the cam pusher 202 towards the connecting block sleeve 201, thereby pushing the connecting ball head 102 towards the connecting block sleeve 201. The ball head 1022 of the connecting ball head 102 is in close contact with the spherical surface 2011 of the connecting block sleeve 201, forming friction to fix the connecting ball head 102, thereby fixing the first ball head nail clip 1, thus forming a stable fixed connection between the fixed bone nail 5 and the external fixator.

[0031] The connecting ball head can rotate freely in its initial state. Through a rotation locking mechanism (camshaft + cam pusher), the friction between the connecting ball head and the connecting base is enhanced, ensuring that the ball head can be clamped and fixed in a specific position when needed to stably secure the bone screw. This design ensures stability during the fixation process while also providing flexible adjustment options.

[0032] Figure 4 The diagram shown is a schematic diagram of the linkage assembly structure in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 The figure shown is an exploded view of the sliding locking component of the connecting rod assembly in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 The diagram shown is an exploded view of the rotating locking component and the rotating connecting rod in an embodiment of the present invention, viewed from the opposite direction. Figure 7 The figure shown is an exploded view of the rotation locking member and the rotation connecting rod in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0033] like Figure 4 The connecting rod assembly 4 includes an upper connecting rod 401, a sliding locking member 402, a middle connecting rod 403, a rotating locking member 404, a rotating connecting rod 405, a telescopic connecting rod 406, and a lower connecting rod 407. The upper connecting rod 401 is connected to the middle connecting rod 403 through the sliding locking member 402. The middle connecting rod 403 is connected to the rotating connecting rod 405 through the rotating locking member 404. The rotating connecting rod 405 is connected to the telescopic connecting rod 406. The telescopic connecting rod 406 is connected to the lower connecting rod 407. The upper connecting rod 401 and the lower connecting rod 407 are respectively fixedly connected to the first connecting base 2 and the second connecting base 3 by bolts.

[0034] like Figure 5The sliding lock 402 includes a fixing bolt 4021, an upper lock buckle 4022, a square washer 4023, and a lower lock buckle 4024. The upper lock buckle 4022 includes a conical ring column and a semi-circular ring column, the conical ring column being connected to the semi-circular ring column. One end of the conical ring column connected to the semi-circular ring column is provided with an annular surface 40221, and the outer wall 40222 of the conical ring column is a conical surface. The square washer 4023 has a conical through hole, the hole wall 40231 of which is a conical surface. The conical hole wall 40231 of which matches the conical outer wall 40222 of the conical ring column of the upper lock buckle 4022. The outer wall 40232 of the square washer 4023 is composed of four inclined surfaces. The lower lock buckle 4024 includes a rectangular column and a semi-circular ring column, the rectangular column being connected to the semi-circular ring column, and a threaded hole is provided on the rectangular column. like Figure 4 The upper connecting rod 401 has a strip groove with a beveled sidewall that matches the outer sidewall 40232 of the square pad 4023; the middle connecting rod 403 also has a strip groove, and the lower latch 4024 can be embedded in the strip groove. Combination Figure 4 and Figure 5 The upper connecting rod 401 is placed on the middle connecting rod 403; the upper locking buckle 4022 is inserted into the conical through hole of the square gasket 4023, the conical outer wall 40222 of the conical annular column of the upper locking buckle 4022 is tangentially in contact with the conical hole wall 40231 of the conical through hole of the square gasket 4023, and the semi-circular annular column of the upper locking buckle 4022 extends out of the square gasket 4023; the square gasket equipped with the upper locking buckle 4022 is then placed on the middle connecting rod 403. A square pad 4023 is inserted into the slot of the upper connecting rod 401 from one side, with the outer wall 40232 of the square pad 4023 tangentially contacting the side wall of the slot of the upper connecting rod 401; a lower latch 4024 is inserted into the slot of the middle connecting rod 403 from one side, with the end face 40242 of the rectangular post of the lower latch 4024 contacting the groove surface 4031 of the slot of the middle connecting rod 403 (e.g., ...). Figure 6 The semi-circular annular column of the lower locking buckle 4024 is spliced ​​with the semi-circular annular column of the upper locking buckle 4022 to form a complete circular column. The side 4024 of the semi-circular annular column of the lower locking buckle 4024 contacts the side 40223 of the semi-circular annular column of the upper locking buckle 4022. The fixing bolt 4021 passes through the conical annular column and the circular column (the circular column formed by splicing the semi-circular annular column of the lower locking buckle 4024 and the semi-circular annular column of the upper locking buckle 4022) of the upper locking buckle 4022 and is screwed into the threaded hole of the lower locking buckle 4024. The end face of the nut of the fixing bolt 4021 contacts the circular surface 40221 of the conical annular column of the upper locking buckle 4022.

[0035] The relative movement and fixing relationship between the upper connecting rod 401 and the middle connecting rod 403 can be controlled by the sliding locking component 402: When the fixing bolt 4021 is not tightened, the contact between the end face of the nut of the fixing bolt 4021 and the annular surface 40221 of the upper locking buckle 4022, the contact between the conical outer wall 40222 of the upper locking buckle 4022 and the conical hole wall 40231 of the square washer 4023, the contact between the outer wall 40232 of the square washer 4023 and the groove side wall of the upper connecting rod 401, and the contact between the end face 40242 of the lower locking buckle 4024 and the groove surface 4031 of the middle connecting rod 403 are all in a relatively sliding state, thereby producing the following motion relationship: square washer 4023 The upper connecting rod 401 can rotate around the central axis of the sliding locking member 402, the square washer 4023 can slide along the groove side wall of the upper connecting rod 401, and the square washer 4023 can slide along the strip groove of the middle connecting rod 403. This reflects the movement relationship between the upper connecting rod 401 and the middle connecting rod 403 as follows: the upper connecting rod 401 can rotate relative to the middle connecting rod 403 around the central axis of the sliding locking member 402, and the upper connecting rod 401 can move relative to the middle connecting rod 403 along the contact surface between the two. When the fixing bolt 4021 is in the tightened state, the above contact surfaces all have a large friction force, thereby making the upper connecting rod 401 and the middle connecting rod 403 relatively fixed in the existing position.

[0036] like Figure 7 The rotating locking component 404 includes a rotating fixing bolt 4041, a rotating upper locking buckle 4042, and a rotating lower locking buckle 4043; the rotating upper locking buckle 4042 includes a conical ring column and a semi-circular ring column, the conical ring column and the semi-circular ring column are connected, one end of the conical ring column connected to the semi-circular ring column is provided with a circular surface 40421, and the outer side wall 40422 of the conical ring column is a conical surface; the rotating lower locking buckle 4043 includes a rectangular column and a semi-circular ring column, the rectangular column and the semi-circular ring column are connected, and a threaded hole is opened on the rectangular column; like Figure 6 The middle connecting rod 403 has a tapered through hole 4032 at one end. The wall of the tapered through hole 4032 is tapered, which matches the outer wall 40422 of the tapered annular column of the rotating upper lock 4042. The rotating connecting rod 405 has a connecting hole, which includes a cylindrical hole and a rectangular hole that are connected. That is, the rotating lower lock 4043 can be embedded in the connecting hole. Combination Figure 6 and Figure 7The middle connecting rod 403 is placed on the rotating connecting rod 405, and the tapered through hole of the middle connecting rod 403 is opposite to the connecting hole of the rotating connecting rod 405; the upper rotating latch 4042 is inserted into the tapered through hole of the middle connecting rod 403 from one side, and the tapered outer wall 40422 of the tapered annular column of the upper rotating latch 4042 is tangentially in contact with the tapered hole wall of the tapered through hole of the middle connecting rod 403, and the semi-circular annular column of the upper rotating latch 4042 extends out of the tapered through hole of the middle connecting rod 403; the lower rotating latch 4043 is inserted into the connecting hole of the rotating connecting rod 405 from one side, and the rectangular column of the lower rotating latch 4043... The end face 40432 of the rotating lower latch 4043 contacts the end face 4051 of the connecting hole of the rotating connecting rod 405. The semi-circular ring of the rotating lower latch 4043 is spliced ​​with the semi-circular ring of the rotating upper latch 4042 to form a complete circular ring. The side surface 40431 of the semi-circular ring of the rotating lower latch 4043 contacts the side surface 40423 of the semi-circular ring of the rotating upper latch 4042. The rotating fixing bolt 4041 passes through the conical ring body and the circular ring of the rotating upper latch 4042 and is screwed into the threaded hole of the rotating lower latch 4043. The end face of the nut of the rotating fixing bolt 4041 contacts the circular ring surface 40421 of the conical ring body of the rotating upper latch 4042.

[0037] The relative movement and fixed relationship between the middle connecting rod 403 and the rotating connecting rod 405 can be controlled by the rotating locking member 404. When the rotating fixing bolt 4041 is not tightened, the middle connecting rod 403 can rotate relative to the rotating connecting rod 405 around the central axis of the rotating locking member 404. When the rotating fixing bolt 4041 is tightened with an Allen wrench, the friction between the conical outer wall 40422 of the conical ring cylinder of the rotating upper locking buckle 4042 and the conical hole wall of the conical through hole 4032 of the middle connecting rod 403 increases, thus fixing them relatively. Furthermore, the side surface 40423 of the semi-circular ring cylinder of the rotating upper locking buckle 4042 and the side surface 40431 of the semi-circular cylinder of the rotating lower locking buckle 4043 are in contact, preventing the rotating lower locking buckle 4043 from rotating with the rotating connecting rod 405, thereby fixing the middle connecting rod 403 and the rotating connecting rod 405 relatively. Compared to increasing the locking torque by increasing the friction between the contact surfaces of the two connecting rods with bolts, this invention can increase the locking torque without increasing the size of the mechanism.

[0038] like Figure 4 The rotating link 405 is connected to the telescopic link 406 by bolts, and the two can rotate relative to each other. After the relative position of the two is determined, they are locked and fixed by pressure bolts.

[0039] like Figure 4The telescopic link 406 has a Y-shaped structure. The lower link 407 has a sliding groove 4071. The lower link 407 is inserted into the telescopic link 406. The telescopic link 406 is connected to the sliding groove 4071 of the lower link 407 by double bolts. The lower link 407 can slide relative to the telescopic link 406. After the relative position of the two is determined, they are locked and fixed by pressure bolts.

[0040] In summary, the upper connecting rod 401 and the middle connecting rod 403 can rotate and move relative to each other; the middle connecting rod 403 and the rotating connecting rod 405 can rotate relative to each other; the rotating connecting rod 405 and the telescopic connecting rod 406 can rotate relative to each other; the telescopic connecting rod 406 and the lower connecting rod 407 can slide relative to each other; and all connecting rods can be quickly fixed relative to each other. This allows the ball-head pin clamps on both sides to move and be fixed relative to each other in a large space, thus meeting the needs of various fracture fixation. The connecting rod assembly 4 can provide relative rotation and sliding in multiple directions. Through the sliding locking member 402 and the rotating locking member 404, rapid adjustment and fixation can be achieved. This design allows the external fixator to flexibly adjust the fixation angle and position according to the patient's fracture site and the doctor's needs during treatment, thereby realizing a personalized treatment plan.

[0041] Figure 8 The diagram shown is a schematic of a short-distance external fixing frame in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 The image shown is an exploded view of the short-distance external fixing frame in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0042] like Figure 8 and Figure 9 The short-distance external fixator eliminates the link assembly 4. It uses the first ball-head screw clamp 1, the second ball-head screw clamp 6, the first connecting base 2, the second connecting base 3 and the fixation bone screw 5 to form a short-distance external fixator for temporary fixation of a single long bone.

[0043] like Figure 9 The structural difference between the first connecting base 2 and the second connecting base 3 is that the connecting block 203 of the first connecting base 2 has a boss 2032 on the end face of the connecting block 203 facing away from the first ball head nail clamp, and the connecting block 301 of the second connecting base 3 has a groove 3011 on the end face of the connecting block 301 facing away from the second ball head nail clamp. The boss 2032 and the groove 3011 can cooperate with each other. like Figure 8 and Figure 9 The first connecting base 2 is connected to the second connecting base 3, and the boss 2032 of the first connecting base 2 is inserted into the groove 3011 of the second connecting base 3 to form a mating fit. Then, it is fixed by tightening bolts, thereby forming a short-distance external fixing frame.

[0044] The following describes a method for fixing various fractures using the single-arm multifunctional external fixator of this embodiment: Fixation methods for single fractures of the tibia and femur, such as Figure 10 As shown, a short-distance external fixator is used to fix bone screws with a short spacing; for fracture fixation methods involving lower limb joints, such as... Figure 11 As shown, Figure 11 (a) shows the fixation method for knee fractures. Figure 11 (b) shows the fixation method for ankle fractures; for elbow fracture fixation methods, see... Figure 12 As shown, the elbow joint fixation requirement can be met by locking the rotating locking member 404 so that the two ball head pins are clamped at an angle.

[0045] This invention relates to a single-arm multifunctional external fixator for fractures. The ball-head screw clamps are movably connected to the connecting base via ball hinges, enabling spatial rotation. Combined with the high mobility of the connecting rod assembly, this allows the ball-head screws on both sides to move and be fixed within a wide range, thus flexibly adapting to fracture sites at different positions and angles. This single-arm multifunctional external fixator for fractures is compatible with various fracture fixation needs of the limbs and is simple to operate, making it suitable for environments with relatively scarce medical resources, such as disaster relief and wartime.

Claims

1. A single-arm multifunctional fracture external fixator, characterized in that, It includes a ball-head screw clamp, a first connecting base, a second connecting base, a connecting rod assembly, and a fixation screw; The two ends of the connecting rod assembly are respectively connected to the first connecting base and the second connecting base; The first connecting base and the second connecting base are each connected to one of the ball head nail clips, and both are connected by ball hinges. The ball-head screw clamp is used to hold the fixed bone screw; The linkage assembly includes several links and a locking mechanism, which can provide relative rotation and sliding between the links in multiple directions, and realize the adjustment and fixation of the angle and position between the links through the locking mechanism.

2. The single-arm multifunctional fracture external fixator as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The linkage assembly includes an upper linkage, a sliding locking component, a middle linkage, a rotary locking component, a rotary linkage, a telescopic linkage, and a lower linkage. The upper connecting rod is connected to the middle connecting rod through the sliding groove locking member, and the relative rotation and movement between the upper connecting rod and the middle connecting rod, as well as the fixing, are realized through the sliding groove locking member; The middle connecting rod is connected to the rotating connecting rod through the rotating locking member, and the relative rotation and fixation between the middle connecting rod and the rotating connecting rod are realized through the rotating locking member; The rotating link is connected to the telescopic link, and the rotating link and the telescopic link can rotate relative to each other and be locked in place. The telescopic link is connected to the lower link, and the telescopic link and the lower link can slide relative to each other and be locked in place. The upper connecting rod and the lower connecting rod are fixedly connected to the first connecting base and the second connecting base, respectively.

3. The single-arm multifunctional fracture external fixator as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The sliding groove locking component includes a fixing bolt, an upper locking buckle, a square washer, and a lower locking buckle; Both the upper connecting rod and the middle connecting rod have slots, and the upper connecting rod is placed on the middle connecting rod; The upper locking buckle is inserted into the square washer, and the upper locking buckle can rotate relative to the square washer; the square washer is inserted into the slot of the upper connecting rod, and can slide in the slot of the upper connecting rod; The lower latch is inserted into the slot of the middle connecting rod and can slide within the slot of the middle connecting rod; The lower latch is connected to the upper latch, and the fixing bolt passes through the upper latch and is threadedly connected to the lower latch; When the fixing bolts are not tightened, the contact between each component is in a relatively sliding state. The upper connecting rod can rotate relative to the middle connecting rod around the central axis of the sliding groove locking part, and the upper connecting rod can move relative to the middle connecting rod along the contact surface between the two. When the fixing bolts are tightened, the friction between the contact between each component increases, so that the upper connecting rod and the middle connecting rod are relatively fixed in their existing positions.

4. The single-arm multifunctional fracture external fixator as described in claim 3, characterized in that, The upper latch includes a conical ring cylinder and a semi-circular ring cylinder, with a circular surface at one end of the conical ring cylinder connecting to the semi-circular ring cylinder; a conical through hole is formed on the square pad, and the outer side wall of the square pad is composed of four inclined surfaces; the lower latch includes a rectangular cylinder and a semi-circular ring cylinder; the upper latch is inserted into the conical through hole of the square pad, and the conical outer side wall of the conical ring cylinder of the upper latch is in tangential contact with the conical through hole of the square pad; the inclined outer side wall of the square pad is in contact with the strip of the upper connecting rod. The inclined groove wall contacts the groove; the end face of the rectangular column of the lower locking buckle contacts the groove surface of the strip groove of the middle connecting rod; the semi-circular column of the lower locking buckle and the semi-circular column of the upper locking buckle are spliced ​​to form a complete circular column; the side of the semi-circular column of the lower locking buckle contacts the side of the semi-circular column of the upper locking buckle; the fixing bolt passes through the conical column of the upper locking buckle and the circular column and is threaded to the lower locking buckle; the end face of the nut of the fixing bolt contacts the circular surface of the conical column of the upper locking buckle.

5. A single-arm multifunctional fracture external fixator as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The rotary locking component includes a rotary fixing bolt, a rotary upper locking buckle, and a rotary lower locking buckle; The middle connecting rod is placed on the rotating connecting rod; The rotating upper locking buckle is inserted into the middle connecting rod, and the rotating upper locking buckle can rotate relative to the middle connecting rod; The lower rotating latch is inserted into the rotating connecting rod, the lower rotating latch is connected to the upper rotating latch, and the rotating fixing bolt passes through the upper rotating latch and is threadedly connected to the lower rotating latch; When the rotating fixing bolt is not tightened, the middle connecting rod can rotate relative to the rotating connecting rod around the central axis of the rotating locking member; when the rotating fixing bolt is tightened, the friction between the contacting parts increases, so that the middle connecting rod and the rotating connecting rod are relatively fixed.

6. A single-arm multifunctional fracture external fixator as described in claim 5, characterized in that, The rotating upper latch includes a conical annular column and a semi-circular annular column, with an annular surface at one end of the conical annular column connecting to the semi-circular annular column; the rotating lower latch includes a rectangular column and a semi-circular annular column; a conical through hole is opened at one end of the central connecting rod, and a connecting hole is opened on the rotating connecting rod; the conical annular column of the rotating upper latch is inserted into the conical through hole of the central connecting rod, and the conical annular column of the rotating upper latch is in tangential contact with the conical through hole of the central connecting rod; the rotating lower latch is inserted into the connecting hole of the rotating connecting rod, and the rotating lower latch... The end face of the rectangular column contacts the end face of the connecting hole of the rotating connecting rod. The semi-circular ring column of the rotating lower lock and the semi-circular ring column of the rotating upper lock are spliced ​​to form a complete circular ring column. The side surface of the semi-circular ring column of the rotating lower lock contacts the side surface of the semi-circular ring column of the rotating upper lock. The rotating fixing bolt passes through the conical ring column of the rotating upper lock, the circular ring column and the rectangular column of the rotating lower lock, and is threadedly connected. The end face of the nut of the rotating fixing bolt contacts the circular surface of the conical ring column of the rotating upper lock.

7. A single-arm multifunctional fracture external fixator as described in claim 2, characterized in that, The rotating link is connected to the telescopic link by bolts, and the two can rotate relative to each other. After the relative position of the two is determined, they are locked and fixed by pressure bolts. The telescopic link is connected to the lower link by double bolts and a sliding groove. After the relative position of the two is determined, they are locked and fixed by pressure bolts.

8. A single-arm multifunctional fracture external fixator as described in claim 1, characterized in that, The connecting rod assembly is omitted, and the first connecting base and the second connecting base are directly connected to form a short-distance external fixation frame for temporary fixation of a single long bone.

9. A single-arm multifunctional fracture external fixator as described in claim 8, characterized in that, The structural difference between the first connecting base and the second connecting base is that the first connecting base has a boss on the end face away from the ball head clip, and the connecting block of the second connecting base has a groove on the end face away from the ball head clip; when the first connecting base and the second connecting base are mated, the boss is inserted into the groove to form a mating fit, and then it is fixed by tightening bolts.

10. A single-arm multifunctional fracture external fixator as described in claim 9, characterized in that, The ball head screw clamp includes a main screw clamp, a secondary screw clamp, and a connecting ball head. The main screw clamp and the secondary screw clamp are threadedly connected to each other to hold the fixation bone screw between them. The first connecting base includes a connecting block sleeve, a cam push block, a connecting block, and a cam shaft; the cam shaft includes a cam surface and a cylindrical surface, and the radius of the cam surface is smaller than the radius of the cylindrical surface; One end of the connecting ball head is coaxially threaded to the main nail clamp, and the other end of the connecting ball head is a ball head; The connecting block is coaxially nested with the connecting block sleeve and fixed by a slot and fastening screw, and the ball head of the connecting ball head and the cam push block are fitted therein; The camshaft is inserted into the connecting block and contacts the cam pusher block; The connection method between the second connecting base and the ball head clip is the same as the connection method between the first connecting base and the ball head clip.

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