Battery parallel charging and discharging control methods and devices, power batteries and electric mobility scooters

Abstract

This invention discloses a battery parallel charging and discharging control method, device, power battery, and electric mobility scooter. The method includes, when a battery in the vicinity is detected to be charging and the pre-parallel charging determination is passed but the parallel charging determination is failed, a target battery sends a charging prohibition request to the charger. The battery in the vicinity represents the battery already connected, the target battery represents the battery to be paralleled, and the charger is used to charge the paralleled battery. In response to all batteries in the vicinity completing a preset discharge switch disconnection operation in descending voltage order, the target battery closes its own charging switch while maintaining its own discharge switch closed. The target battery's discharge switch and charging switch are connected in series. After the charging switch is closed, the target battery sends a resuming charging request to the charger. This invention effectively prevents circulating current mutual charging when a low-voltage battery is dynamically connected while a high-voltage battery is charging by switching the power supply main body and prioritizing charging the low-voltage battery.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of battery charging and discharging technology, and in particular to a battery parallel charging and discharging control method, device, power battery, and electric mobility scooter. Background Technology

[0002] Multi-battery parallel operation technology offers significant advantages in increasing the total capacity of battery systems, extending the range of electric devices (such as electric mobility scooters), and enhancing overall power performance. However, in practical applications, battery parallel operation often involves complex conditions where charging and discharging occur not only after stable connection, but frequently involve adding new batteries while existing batteries are in a dynamic charging and discharging process. In such dynamic parallel operation scenarios, without effective control strategies, the voltage difference between battery packs can easily lead to harmful circulating current mutual charging from high-voltage batteries to low-voltage batteries, thus threatening system safety. This technical problem not only exists in the field of mobile vehicles but also widely restricts the parallel application of energy storage units in the manufacturing of other power transmission, distribution, and control equipment, such as ground-based AC and underground AC charging piles. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. To this end, this invention proposes a battery parallel charging and discharging control method, device, power battery, and electric mobility scooter, which can effectively prevent circulating current mutual charging by switching the power supply main body and prioritizing charging the low-voltage battery when a low-voltage battery is dynamically connected while a high-voltage battery is charging.

[0004] In a first aspect, embodiments of the present invention provide a battery parallel charging and discharging control method, comprising: If the in-situ battery is detected to be charging and the pre-parallel connection determination status is indicated as passed but the parallel connection determination status is indicated as failed, the target battery sends a charging prohibition request to the charger. Here, the in-situ battery is used to represent the connected battery, the target battery is used to represent the battery to be connected to the parallel connection, and the charger is used to charge the parallel connection battery. In response to all the in-situ batteries completing the preset discharge switch disconnection operation in descending order of voltage, the target battery closes its own charging switch while maintaining its own discharge switch closed, and the discharge switch and the charging switch of the target battery are connected in series. After the charging switch is closed, the target battery sends a recharge request to the charger.

[0005] Secondly, embodiments of the present invention provide a battery parallel charging and discharging control method, comprising: After the ID signal of the target battery is identified, the pre-parallel determination state and the parallel determination state are initialized, and the target battery is used to characterize the battery to be paralleled. The target battery determines that the in-situ battery is in a single-packet operation state by listening to inter-packet messages, and then pre-charges the target battery; or, the target battery determines that the in-situ battery is in a multi-packet operation state by listening to inter-packet messages, updates the pre-parallel operation determination state, and pre-charges the target battery if the pre-parallel operation determination state indicates that it has passed; the in-situ battery is used to represent the connected battery. When it is determined that the battery in place is in a charging state, if the pre-parallel determination state is characterized as passed but the parallel determination state is characterized as failed, the target battery sends a charging prohibition request to the charger. In response to all the in-situ batteries completing the preset discharge switch disconnection operation in descending order of voltage, the target battery closes its own charging switch while maintaining its own discharge switch closed, and the discharge switch and the charging switch of the target battery are connected in series. After the charging switch of the target battery is closed, the target battery sends a recharge request to the charger.

[0006] Thirdly, embodiments of the present invention provide a battery parallel charging and discharging control device, comprising: The first request module is used to send a charging prohibition request to the charger when the in-situ battery is detected to be in a charging state and the pre-parallel determination state is indicated as passed but the parallel determination state is indicated as failed. The in-situ battery is used to represent the connected battery, the target battery is used to represent the battery to be paralleled, and the charger is used to charge the paralleled battery. The control module is used to respond to all the in-situ batteries completing a preset discharge switch disconnection operation in order of voltage from high to low, and the target battery closing its own charging switch while maintaining its own discharge switch closed, wherein the discharge switch and the charging switch of the target battery are connected in series. The second request module is used to send a resume charging request to the charger after the charging switch is closed.

[0007] Fourthly, embodiments of the present invention provide a power battery, including a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores computer execution instructions, and the processor executes the computer execution instructions to implement the above-mentioned battery parallel charging and discharging control method.

[0008] Fifthly, embodiments of the present invention provide an electric mobility scooter, including the aforementioned power battery.

[0009] The embodiments of the present invention have at least the following beneficial effects: On one hand, embodiments of the present invention comprehensively identify the real-time operating conditions of the in-situ battery and the parallel compatibility between the target battery and the in-situ battery based on the charging state, pre-parallel determination state, and parallel determination state. The pre-parallel determination state characterizes whether the target battery meets the basic permission conditions for parallel access; the parallel determination state characterizes the differences between the target battery and the in-situ battery in parameters such as voltage, current, temperature, or state of charge. If the in-situ battery is detected to be charging and the pre-parallel determination state is indicated as passed but the parallel determination state is indicated as failed, it indicates a high probability that the voltage of the in-situ battery is greater than that of the target battery. The target battery sends a charging prohibition request to the charger, while all in-situ batteries sequentially execute a preset discharge switch disconnection operation in descending order of voltage. During this process, the target battery keeps its own discharge switch closed to maintain load power supply, thereby achieving a smooth switchover of the power supply from the high-voltage in-situ battery to the low-voltage target battery. Subsequently, the target battery closes its own charging switch and sends a recharge request to the charger, prompting the charger to prioritize charging the low-voltage target battery. In this way, the potential difference when high and low voltage batteries are connected in parallel is effectively eliminated through time-sequential switching actions and charging scheduling, which helps to prevent the occurrence of circulating current mutual charging between battery packs.

[0010] On the other hand, the target battery in this embodiment of the invention identifies whether the battery in place is in a single-pack operation state or a multi-pack operation state by listening to the inter-pack message, and controls the charging and discharging switches of the target battery and the battery in place during the charging and discharging process according to the single-pack operation state or the multi-pack operation state. By switching the power supply main body and giving priority to charging the low-voltage battery, it is beneficial to prevent the occurrence of circulating current mutual charging between battery packs.

[0011] Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention. Attached Figure Description

[0012] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the description of the embodiments taken in conjunction with the following drawings, in which: Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram showing the connection relationship between the electrical device and the battery in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is one of the flowcharts of the battery parallel charging and discharging control method according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 for Figure 2 One of the step flowcharts of step S110 in the step flowchart of the battery parallel charging and discharging control method shown; Figure 4 for Figure 2The second step of the flowchart of the battery parallel charging and discharging control method shown in the flowchart is step S110. Figure 5 This is the second flowchart of the battery parallel charging and discharging control method according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 6 This is the third step in the flowchart of the battery parallel charging and discharging control method according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is the fourth step of the battery parallel charging and discharging control method according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 8 This is the fifth step in the flowchart of the battery parallel charging and discharging control method according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 This is the sixth step of the battery parallel charging and discharging control method according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic block diagram of a battery parallel charging and discharging control device according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the power battery according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0013] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0014] In the description of this invention, "several" means one or more, "multiple" means two or more, "greater than," "less than," "exceeding," etc. are understood to exclude the stated number, and "above," "below," "within," etc. are understood to include the stated number. If "first," "second," etc. are used in the description, they are only for the purpose of distinguishing technical features and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of indicated technical features or the order of the indicated technical features.

[0015] Please refer to Figure 1 This embodiment uses an electric mobility scooter as an example for illustration. Figure 1 As shown, the electrical device is electrically connected to a battery product (hereinafter referred to as "battery"). The battery can take the form of a battery pack or battery module, and there may be one or more batteries. Each battery includes a single battery cell (BAT) and a battery management system (BMS) electrically connected to the single battery cell. The battery management system includes a microprocessor (MCU), an analog front-end (AFE), and a charging enable detection circuit (i.e.,...). Figure 1The CHG detection circuit shown), and the in-situ identification detection circuit (i.e. Figure 1 The circuit shown includes an ID detection circuit, a serial communication circuit, a pre-discharge switch (M1), a discharge switch (M2), a charging switch (M3), and an external interface (such as...). Figure 1 (As shown in P+, CHG, ID1, K1, K2, and P-).

[0016] The analog front-end connects to both the individual battery cells and the microprocessor, collecting voltage, current, and temperature data from the individual cells and transmitting them to the microprocessor. The microprocessor then calculates the battery's state of charge (SOC) based on this data. The charging enable detection circuit connects to the electric mobility scooter (vehicle) via a charging enable detection interface (CHG) to perform charging enable detection. The presence detection circuit uses a presence identification interface (such as...) Figure 1 The microprocessor (as shown in ID1, ID2, and ID3) connects to the vehicle to identify the battery's presence. It communicates via a serial communication interface (such as...). Figure 1 (As shown in K1 and K2) establishes a serial communication connection with the whole vehicle.

[0017] The battery's positive terminal (P+) is electrically connected to the vehicle's power supply positive terminal, and the battery's negative terminal (P-) is electrically connected to the vehicle's power supply negative terminal. A switch control circuit is connected in series between the battery's negative terminal (P-) and the negative terminal of each individual battery cell. This switch control circuit includes a pre-discharge switch (M1), a discharge switch (M2), and a charging switch (M3). The pre-discharge switch (M1) and discharge switch (M2) are connected in parallel, and then connected in series with the charging switch (M3). The control terminals of all these switches are connected to a microprocessor, and are preferably implemented using metal-oxide-semiconductor field-effect transistors (MOSFETs).

[0018] Initially, the pre-discharge switch (M1), discharge switch (M2), and charging switch (M3) are all in the open state. When the battery is connected to the load terminal of the vehicle (such as the drive motor), the pre-discharge switch (M1) needs to be closed to pre-charge the capacitor at the load terminal before the main load circuit is turned on. After the pre-charging is completed, the discharge switch (M2) is closed. Since the on-resistance of the discharge switch (M2) is much smaller than that of the pre-discharge switch (M1), the discharge current will mainly flow through the discharge switch (M2). At this time, the pre-discharge switch (M1) can be opened to reduce losses. Although the charging switch (M3) has an integrated body diode that allows the current to conduct unidirectionally when the switch is open (i.e., discharge), considering that a large current flowing through the body diode for a long time may cause the device to overheat and be damaged, the microprocessor controls the charging switch (M3) to close to ensure the safe conduction of the main circuit when there is an effective discharge current.

[0019] The number of batteries can be one or more. In this embodiment, three batteries are used as an example. The three batteries are installed in the corresponding battery compartments of the electric mobility scooter. After the batteries are connected to the vehicle, they are identified in place by the corresponding presence detection circuit. In the complex situation of connecting a new battery (i.e., the target battery below) during the dynamic charging and discharging process of the existing batteries, if there is no effective control strategy, the voltage difference between the battery packs can easily cause harmful circulating current mutual charging from the high-voltage battery to the low-voltage battery, thereby threatening system safety.

[0020] Please refer to Figure 2 This embodiment discloses a battery parallel charging and discharging control method, including steps S110-S130. It should be noted that the numbering of the steps in this embodiment is only for ease of review and understanding, and not to limit the execution order of the steps. Given that battery parallel operation technology involves complex logic such as state identification and switching control of the in-situ battery and the target battery, for the sake of simplicity, this embodiment only focuses on the key steps in the above logic.

[0021] The details of each step are described below: S110. When it is detected that the battery in place is in a charging state and the pre-parallel determination state is indicated as passed but the parallel determination state is indicated as failed, the target battery sends a charging prohibition request to the charger. Here, the battery in place is used to represent the battery that has been connected, the target battery is used to represent the battery to be paralleled, and the charger is used to charge the paralleled battery. For example, to facilitate differentiation between batteries in different states, batteries are divided into in-situ batteries and target batteries. In-situ batteries represent batteries already connected to a power-consuming device, while target batteries represent batteries awaiting parallel connection. It should be noted that in-situ and target batteries have the same structure, i.e., as described above, the battery includes individual cells and a battery management system. The operating states of in-situ batteries include charging and discharging states. Different operating states affect the parallel connection control logic of the target battery, especially when the in-situ battery is charging. Whether the in-situ battery is charging can be detected by the charging enable detection circuit of the battery management system. The pre-parallel connection determination state is used to characterize whether the target battery meets the basic permission conditions for parallel connection; passing the pre-parallel connection determination state is a prerequisite for the target battery to be connected to the parallel connection. The parallel connection determination state is used to characterize the differences between the target battery and the in-situ battery in parameters such as voltage, current, temperature, or state of charge. For ease of explanation, a pre-parallel operation permission flag T is used to record the pre-parallel operation determination status. When T=0, the pre-parallel operation determination status is characterized as failed; when T=1, the pre-parallel operation determination status is characterized as passed. Similarly, a parallel operation permission flag P is used to record the parallel operation determination status. When P=0, the parallel operation determination status is characterized as failed; when P=1, the parallel operation determination status is characterized as passed. In this case, the judgment logic described above regarding "the detection that the in-situ battery is in a charging state and the pre-parallel operation determination status is characterized as passed but the parallel operation determination status is characterized as failed" can be referred to... Figure 3 The flowchart shown illustrates how different judgment logics are executed through steps S111, S112, and S113 to achieve protection against circulating current and mutual charging.

[0022] When the parallel charging determination status is marked as failed, it indicates a high probability that the voltage of the existing battery is greater than that of the target battery, meaning the existing battery is likely a high-voltage battery, posing a risk of inter-battery circulating current charging. It should be noted that "high voltage" here refers to the relative voltage difference between the existing and target batteries. In this case, the target battery sends a charging prohibition request to the charger, at which point the charger's indicator light flashes red and waits for charging to resume.

[0023] S120. In response to all in-situ batteries completing the preset discharge switch disconnection operation in order of voltage from high to low, the target battery closes its own charging switch while maintaining its own discharge switch closed. The discharge switch and charging switch of the target battery are connected in series. For example, when the in-situ battery is a high-voltage battery, if a low-voltage battery needs to be connected in parallel, it is necessary to prevent circulating current charging between different batteries. All in-situ batteries complete the preset discharge switch disconnection operation in descending voltage order. For instance, the highest voltage battery first closes its own charging switch, then disconnects its own discharge switch, and keeps its pre-charge switch open. Next, the next highest voltage battery first closes its own charging switch, then disconnects its own discharge switch, and keeps its pre-charge switch open. During this process, the target battery keeps its own discharge switch closed, which can switch the main power supply of the vehicle from the high-voltage battery to the low-voltage target battery, preventing the parallel control logic from failing due to a vehicle restart. After detecting that all in-situ batteries have completed the discharge switch disconnection operation, the target battery closes its own charging switch to facilitate subsequent charging. At this time, the high-voltage in-situ battery cannot charge the low-voltage target battery because its discharge switch is open, which helps prevent circulating current charging.

[0024] S130. After the charging switch is closed, the target battery sends a request to the charger to resume charging.

[0025] For example, after the target battery's own charging switch is closed, the target battery enters a charging preparation state. At this time, a charging resumption request is sent to the charger, which can prioritize charging the target battery with low voltage, thereby achieving battery power balance.

[0026] Therefore, this embodiment comprehensively identifies the real-time operating conditions of the in-situ battery and the parallel compatibility between the target battery and the in-situ battery based on the charging state, pre-parallel determination state, and parallel determination state. The pre-parallel determination state is used to characterize whether the target battery meets the basic permission conditions for parallel access; the parallel determination state is used to characterize the differences between the target battery and the in-situ battery in parameters such as voltage, current, temperature, or state of charge. When it is detected that the in-situ battery is in a charging state and the pre-parallel determination state is characterized as passed but the parallel determination state is characterized as failed, it indicates that the voltage of the in-situ battery is likely to be greater than the voltage of the target battery. The target battery sends a charging prohibition request to the charger, and all in-situ batteries sequentially perform the preset discharge switch disconnection operation in order of voltage from high to low. During this process, the target battery keeps its own discharge switch closed to maintain the power supply to the load, thereby realizing a smooth switch of the power supply main body from the high-voltage in-situ battery to the low-voltage target battery. Subsequently, the target battery closes its own charging switch and sends a resuming charging request to the charger, prompting the charger to prioritize charging the target battery in the low-voltage state. In this way, the potential difference when high and low voltage batteries are connected in parallel is effectively eliminated through time-sequential switching actions and charging scheduling, which helps to prevent the occurrence of circulating current mutual charging between battery packs.

[0027] Please refer to Figure 4In some application examples, the battery parallel charging and discharging control method also includes: If the in-situ battery is detected to be in a charging state and the pre-parallel determination state is indicated as passed but the parallel determination state is indicated as failed, the voltage of the target battery is compared with that of all in-situ batteries to determine the voltage state of the target battery. When the voltage state of the target battery is characterized as the highest voltage state, the target battery closes its own charging switch. If the voltage state of the target battery is not characterized as the highest voltage state, the target battery sends a charging prohibition request to the charger.

[0028] For example, to improve the accuracy of the switch control logic, step S110 can be further optimized, for example, as follows: Figure 4 As shown in step S114, the voltage of the target battery is compared with that of the existing battery to determine whether the target battery is the highest voltage battery. If the target battery is the highest voltage battery, then the voltage of the existing battery is lower than that of the target battery. In this case, regardless of whether the existing battery can discharge, it will not charge the target battery, that is, there will be no circulating current mutual charging phenomenon, and the target battery can directly close its own charging switch to charge. However, if the target battery is not the highest voltage battery, then the anti-circulating current mutual charging protection operation of steps S110 to S130 needs to be executed, that is, the "target battery sends a charging prohibition request to the charger" in step S110 is executed.

[0029] Please refer to Figure 5 In some application examples, step S110, where the target battery sends a request to the charger to prohibit charging when the pre-parallel determination status is detected as passed but the parallel determination status is not passed, further includes: The target battery closes its pre-discharge switch to pre-charge while keeping its own charging switch off. If the pre-charging is successful, the target battery closes its own discharge switch and opens the pre-discharge switch. The pre-discharge switch and the discharge switch are connected in parallel.

[0030] For example, as described above, the battery needs to be pre-charged when connected in parallel and before the main load circuit is activated. In the initial state, all switches of the target battery are in the off state. At this time, as... Figure 5As shown in step S101, the target battery closes its pre-discharge switch for pre-charging while keeping its own charging switch open. Since the charging switch has a built-in body diode, even when the charging switch is open, the discharge current of the target battery can still form a current path through the body diode. It should be noted that the discharge current is configured within the safe current range of the body diode to prevent damage to the charging switch. If pre-charging is successful, the target battery closes its own discharge switch and opens the pre-discharge switch to facilitate subsequent charging and discharging.

[0031] Please refer to Figure 6 In some application examples, the battery parallel charging and discharging control method also includes: The target battery determines whether the battery in place is in single-packet or multi-packet operation state by listening to the packet messages. When the in-situ battery is in a single-pack operation state, the target battery closes its own pre-discharge switch to perform pre-charging while keeping its own charging switch off. When the in-situ battery is in a multi-pack operation state, a pre-parallel determination state is determined. If the pre-parallel determination state is indicated as passed, the target battery closes its own pre-discharge switch to perform pre-charging while keeping its own charging switch off.

[0032] For example, the standard lithium battery interface for electric vehicles is "2+4", where "2" represents the positive and negative terminals of the battery, and "4" represents the control interface. Two interfaces in the control interface are used for communication, and the other two are used for battery wake-up and ID (Identity Document) identification, respectively. ID identification is for applications where the vehicle has two or more lithium batteries. ID identification involves assigning an identity code to each lithium battery, and the vehicle controller obtains the status information of each battery based on the lithium battery ID. Figure 4 As shown in steps S210 and S103, after the target battery is connected to the vehicle and its corresponding ID signal is identified, the target battery determines whether the battery in place is in single-pack or multi-pack operation mode by listening to the inter-pack message, and configures the corresponding parallel operation control logic according to the single-pack or multi-pack operation mode of the battery in place to prevent battery circulating current mutual charging. To prevent identification jitter and avoid repeated state transitions, the control logic after the ID signal is identified can be reasonably delayed.

[0033] Each battery can collect data from its own individual cells, such as voltage, current, and temperature, through an analog front-end (AFE). This data is then sent to a microprocessor, which in turn transmits the collected data as messages to other batteries via a serial communication circuit. Therefore, in this embodiment, "inter-packet message" refers to a message between battery packs, broadly encompassing communication messages between different batteries. The number of batteries present can be determined based on the source of the inter-packet message, thus indicating whether the battery is operating in a single-pack or multi-pack configuration.

[0034] For example, if no message is detected in the compartment, it means that the target battery is the only battery in the whole vehicle. At this time, there is no need to consider the issue of inter-battery circulating current mutual charging. The target battery can be pre-charged directly, that is, step S101 is executed: the target battery closes its own pre-discharge switch to pre-charge while keeping its own charging switch off.

[0035] If the target battery detects the compartment message, it indicates that the target battery is not the only battery in the vehicle, and the pre-parallel operation determination status needs to be determined (e.g., Figure 6 and Figure 8 As shown in step S103, if the pre-parallel connection determination state is passed, the target battery closes its own pre-discharge switch to perform pre-charging while keeping its own charging switch off. The determination logic for the pre-parallel connection determination state can be referred to later.

[0036] During battery parallel operation, the switching logic needs to be controlled based on the charging and discharging state of the battery in use. The parallel operation process when the battery is charging has been explained above; the following section explains the parallel operation process when the battery is not charging. Please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 7 In some application examples, the battery parallel charging and discharging control method also includes: When it is detected that the battery in place is not in a charging state, the effective discharge current of the battery in place is detected. When there is no effective discharge current in the in-situ battery, the in-situ battery maintains a first switching state, which is used to characterize closing its own discharge switch, opening its own charging switch, and pre-discharge switch. When there is an effective discharge current in the in-situ battery, the in-situ battery with an effective discharge current switches to the second switching state. The second switching state is used to characterize closing its own charging switch and keeping its own discharge switch closed, as well as opening the pre-discharge switch.

[0037] For example, the detection of the charging and non-charging states of the in-situ battery can be achieved through a charging enable detection circuit. When the in-situ battery is in a non-charging state, it is also necessary to detect the effective discharge current of the in-situ battery to accurately determine its operating state. To improve the detection's anti-interference capability, this embodiment uses the effective discharge current as the detection index, where the effective discharge current refers to a discharge current with a value greater than a preset threshold.

[0038] When no effective discharge current is detected in the battery in place, it indicates that the battery in place has not entered the discharge working state, and all switches of the target battery do not operate (as shown in step S104). That is, the target battery maintains the first switch state: closing its own discharge switch, opening its own charging switch and pre-discharge switch, in order to be ready to switch to the charging and discharging state at any time.

[0039] When an effective discharge current is detected in the battery in place, it indicates that the battery in place is providing power to the outside. The battery with an effective discharge current needs to switch to the second switch state (as shown in step S105): close its own charging switch and keep its own discharge switch closed and the pre-discharge switch open to ensure that the main circuit where the charging switch is located can be safely connected.

[0040] Please continue to refer to Figure 7 In some application examples, the battery parallel charging and discharging control method also includes: When the effective discharge current of the battery in place is detected to switch from the present state to the absent state within a preset time window, if the pre-parallel determination state is not passed, the battery in place switches to the third switch state. The third switch state is used to indicate that the battery closes its own charging switch and maintains it for a preset time, keeps its own discharge switch closed, and the pre-discharge switch is open.

[0041] For example, to improve the accuracy of detecting the operating status of the in-situ battery, a preset time window is configured, such as 100 milliseconds or 200 milliseconds. If no effective discharge current is detected within the time window, it indicates that the in-situ battery is in a waiting state; if an effective discharge current is continuously detected within the time window, it indicates that the in-situ battery is in a discharging state; and if the effective discharge current switches from an existing state to a non-existent state within the time window, that is, the effective discharge current changes from present to absent, it indicates that the electrical device (such as an electric mobility scooter) may have entered a standby state from a usage state. The in-situ battery needs to further determine the switching control logic based on the pre-parallel determination state and the parallel determination state. If the pre-parallel determination state is characterized as failed, that is, the pre-parallel permission flag T=0, it indicates that the target battery does not meet the preconditions for paralleling, and paralleling is canceled. In this case, the in-situ battery switches to a third switching state (e.g., Figure 7The steps are as shown in S106): closing its own charging switch and maintaining it for a preset time (e.g., 1 minute) while keeping its own discharging switch closed and the pre-discharging switch open can ensure that the main circuit where the charging switch is located can be safely connected within the preset time. The charging switch is disconnected after maintaining the preset time, which can prevent users from using blind charging and help ensure the safety of battery use.

[0042] Alternatively, when the effective discharge current of the in-situ battery is detected to switch from the present state to the absent state within a preset time window, and both the pre-parallel determination state and the parallel determination state are characterized as passed, the in-situ battery switches to the third switch state.

[0043] For example, when both the pre-parallel determination state and the parallel determination state are characterized as passed, that is, the pre-parallel permission flag T=1 and the parallel permission flag P=1, it indicates that the target battery can be safely paralleled. The battery in place switches to the third switch state: closing its own charging switch and maintaining it for a preset time (e.g., 1 minute) while keeping its own discharge switch closed and the pre-discharge switch open. This can ensure that the main circuit where the charging switch is located can be safely connected within the preset time. The charging switch is opened after maintaining the preset time, which can prevent users from using blind charging and helps to ensure the safety of battery use.

[0044] Alternatively, when the effective discharge current of the in-situ battery is detected to switch from the present state to the absent state within a preset time window, if the pre-parallel determination state is indicated as passed but the parallel determination state is indicated as failed, the effective discharge current detection of the in-situ battery continues, and after no effective discharge current is detected, the in-situ battery switches to the first switch state.

[0045] For example, if the pre-parallelization determination status is indicated as passed but the parallelization determination status is indicated as failed, i.e., the pre-parallelization permission flag T=1 and the parallelization permission flag P=0, it means that the target battery does not meet the conditions for safe parallelization. After the battery in place has no effective discharge current, it switches to the first switch state: closing its own discharge switch, opening its own charging switch and pre-discharge switch, which helps to prevent the phenomenon of mutual charging between batteries.

[0046] Please refer to Figure 8 In some application examples, the battery parallel charging and discharging control method also includes: If the target battery is fault-free, the PN (Part Number) of the target battery and the battery in place are consistent, and the battery in place has no effective discharge current, the pre-parallel determination state is determined to be the pass state. Alternatively, if the target battery is fault-free, the target battery and the in-situ battery have the same PN number, and the in-situ battery has an effective discharge current but is in a charging state, the pre-parallel connection determination state is determined to be a pass state.

[0047] For example, such as Figure 8 As shown in step S103, the pre-parallel connection judgment state of the target battery can be determined based on the faultiness of the target battery, the consistency of the PN number between the target battery and the existing battery, and the charging / discharging state of the existing battery. When the above pre-parallel connection conditions are met, the pre-parallel connection judgment state is determined to be a passed state, that is, the pre-parallel connection permission flag T=1, indicating that the target battery meets the prerequisites for parallel connection judgment and subsequent parallel connection judgment can be performed; otherwise, if any condition is not met, the pre-parallel connection judgment state is determined to be a failed state, that is, the pre-parallel connection permission flag T=0, indicating that the target battery does not meet the prerequisites for parallel connection judgment, and no further parallel connection judgment is required. All switches of the target battery do not operate, that is, they maintain their original switching states. At this time, if the target battery meets the entry conditions for standby or hibernation state, it enters the standby or hibernation state until it is woken up.

[0048] In some application examples, the battery parallel charging and discharging control method also includes: If the voltage difference, current difference, temperature difference, and SOC (state of charge) difference between the target battery and the battery in place are all within the corresponding error range, the parallel operation determination state is determined to be the pass state.

[0049] For example, the parallel operation determination status can be determined based on the voltage difference, current difference, temperature difference, and SOC difference between the target battery and the existing battery, to characterize the differences between them. When all the above conditions are met, the parallel operation determination status is determined to be a passed status, i.e., the parallel operation permission flag P=1, indicating that the target battery can be safely paralleled. Otherwise, when any condition is not met, the parallel operation determination status is determined to be a failed status, i.e., the parallel operation permission flag P=0. The corresponding error ranges for the voltage difference, current difference, temperature difference, and SOC difference can be configured according to actual application requirements.

[0050] Please continue to refer to Figure 8 In some application examples, step S120, which involves performing a preset discharge switch disconnection operation in response to all in-situ batteries in descending voltage order, further includes: The target battery closes its pre-discharge switch to pre-charge while keeping its own charging switch off. If the pre-charging is successful, the target battery closes its own discharge switch and opens the pre-discharge switch. The pre-discharge switch and the discharge switch are connected in parallel.

[0051] For example, the pre-charging operation of the target battery can be performed at different times in the control logic, such as... Figure 7 The control logic shown performs a pre-charge operation on the target battery before determining the charging status of the existing battery, and Figure 8 The control logic shown performs a pre-charge operation on the target battery after determining the charging status of the existing battery. Although the timing of the pre-charge operation differs, the execution logic is the same (see reference). Figure 5 In step S101), after successful pre-charging, the target battery has the same switching state: its own discharge switch is closed, and both the pre-discharge switch and the charging switch are open; if pre-charging is unsuccessful, the target battery disconnects its own pre-discharge switch and keeps the discharge switch and the charging switch open.

[0052] Please refer to Figure 9 Based on the above technical concept, this embodiment also provides a battery parallel charging and discharging control method, including steps S210 to S250. It should be noted that the numbering of the steps in this embodiment is only for ease of review and understanding, and not to limit the execution order of the steps. The details of each step are described below: S210. After the ID signal of the target battery is identified, the pre-parallel determination state and the parallel determination state are initialized. The target battery is used to characterize the battery to be paralleled. For example, we will continue to illustrate this using an electric mobility scooter as an example of an electrical device. Please refer to... Figure 6 After the target battery is connected to the vehicle (electric mobility scooter) or is activated, its ID signal is identified. Upon identification, the pre-parallel connection determination state and the parallel connection determination state are initialized. To prevent identification jitter and avoid frequent state transitions, the control logic after ID signal identification can be reasonably delayed, for example, by 200 milliseconds, before initializing the pre-parallel connection determination state and the parallel connection determination state. If both are initialized to a failed state (i.e., pre-parallel connection permission flag T=0, parallel connection permission flag P=0), all switches on the target battery are in the off state.

[0053] S220. The target battery determines that the in-situ battery is in single-packet operation state by listening to the inter-packet message, and the target battery performs pre-charging; or, the target battery determines that the in-situ battery is in multi-packet operation state by listening to the inter-packet message, updates and detects the pre-parallel operation judgment state, and performs pre-charging if the pre-parallel operation judgment state is indicated as passed; the in-situ battery is used to indicate the connected battery. For example, please continue to refer to Figure 6The target battery can determine whether the in-situ battery is in a single-packet or multi-packet operation state by listening to inter-packet messages. As mentioned above, inter-packet messages refer to communication messages between different batteries. The listening process for inter-packet messages can be configured with a preset time window, such as 800 milliseconds. The number of in-situ batteries can be determined based on the source of the inter-packet messages, thereby determining whether the in-situ battery is in a single-packet or multi-packet operation state. After determining that the target battery is in a single-packet operation state, the target battery performs a pre-charging operation (e.g., ...). Figure 6 As shown in step S101), the target battery closes the pre-discharge switch while keeping its own discharge switch and charging switch open. After successful pre-charging, the target battery closes its own discharge switch first and then opens the pre-discharge switch while keeping its own charging switch open (e.g., ...). Figure 5 (As shown).

[0054] If it is determined that the target battery is in a multi-pack operation state, it is necessary to determine whether the target battery meets the pre-parallel operation conditions, that is, to update the pre-parallel operation determination status (e.g., Figure 6 (See step S103). If the pre-parallel operation determination status is passed, the target battery can perform a pre-charging operation; otherwise, parallel operation is not allowed, and all switches of the target battery remain inactive to maintain their original state. At this time, if the target battery meets the entry conditions for standby or hibernation, it enters standby or hibernation until it is woken up.

[0055] Among them, the target battery that meets the pre-parallel connection conditions is connected to the vehicle, the discharge switch of all batteries in place is closed, the charging switch is open, and the pre-discharge switch is open.

[0056] S230. When it is determined that the battery in place is in a charging state, if the pre-parallel determination state is indicated as passed but the parallel determination state is indicated as failed, the target battery sends a request to the charger to prohibit charging. For example, steps S230 to S250 here are the same as steps S110 to S130 above, please refer to... Figure 6 , Figure 5 and Figure 3After the target battery is successfully pre-charged, the operating status of the existing battery is detected to implement corresponding logic control based on different operating statuses. A successful pre-parallel connection determination (T=1) indicates the pre-parallel connection permission flag is passed, while a failed connection determination (P=0) indicates the connection permission flag is not passed. This means the target battery meets the pre-parallel connection prerequisite (pre-parallel connection) but not the actual connection condition. The switching states of both the target and existing batteries need to be adjusted to prevent cross-charging between batteries. At this point, the target battery sends a charging prohibition request to the charger. Upon receiving this request, the charger stops charging, turns the indicator light to a flashing red light, and waits for charging to resume.

[0057] It should be noted that in the aforementioned step S220, after determining that the battery in place is in a single-pack operation state, although the pre-parallel operation determination status is still characterized as failed (i.e., the pre-parallel operation permission flag T=0), in this case, the target battery is the only battery in the entire vehicle. Therefore, there is no need to consider the issue of inter-battery circulating current mutual charging. The target battery can close its own charging switch and send a resumption charging request to the charger. When the pre-parallel operation permission flag T=1 and the parallel operation permission flag P=1, it indicates that the target battery can be safely paralleled. The target battery can also close its own charging switch and send a resumption charging request to the charger.

[0058] S240, in response to all in-situ batteries completing the preset discharge switch disconnection operation in order of voltage from high to low, the target battery closes its own charging switch while maintaining its own discharge switch closed, and the discharge switch and charging switch of the target battery are connected in series. For example, to prevent circulating current charging between different batteries, all in-situ batteries complete a preset discharge switch disconnection operation in descending voltage order. For instance, the highest voltage battery first closes its charging switch, then disconnects its discharge switch, while keeping its pre-charge switch open. Next, the next highest voltage battery first closes its charging switch, then disconnects its discharge switch, while keeping its pre-charge switch open. During this process, the target battery keeps its discharge switch closed, allowing the vehicle's power supply to switch from the high-voltage battery to the low-voltage target battery, preventing the parallel control logic from failing due to a vehicle restart. After detecting that all in-situ batteries have completed the discharge switch disconnection operation, the target battery closes its charging switch to facilitate subsequent charging. At this time, the high-voltage in-situ battery cannot charge the low-voltage target battery due to its disconnected discharge switch, which helps prevent circulating current charging.

[0059] S250: After the charging switch of the target battery is closed, the target battery sends a request to the charger to resume charging.

[0060] For example, after the target battery's own charging switch is closed, the target battery enters a charging preparation state. At this time, a charging resumption request is sent to the charger, which can prioritize charging the target battery with low voltage, thereby achieving battery power balance.

[0061] Therefore, in this embodiment, the target battery identifies whether the in-situ battery is in a single-pack operation state or a multi-pack operation state by listening to the inter-pack message, and controls the charging and discharging switches of the target battery and the in-situ battery during the charging and discharging process according to the single-pack operation state or the multi-pack operation state. By switching the power supply main body and giving priority to charging the low-voltage battery, it is beneficial to prevent the occurrence of circulating current mutual charging between battery packs.

[0062] Furthermore, based on the charging status, pre-parallel determination status, and parallel determination status, the system comprehensively identifies the real-time operating conditions of the in-situ battery and the parallel compatibility between the target battery and the in-situ battery. The pre-parallel determination status characterizes whether the target battery meets the basic permission conditions for parallel access; the parallel determination status characterizes the differences between the target battery and the in-situ battery in parameters such as voltage, current, temperature, or state of charge. If the in-situ battery is detected to be charging and the pre-parallel determination status is indicated as passed but the parallel determination status is indicated as failed, it indicates that the voltage of the in-situ battery is likely greater than that of the target battery. The target battery sends a charging prohibition request to the charger, and all in-situ batteries sequentially execute the preset discharge switch disconnection operation in order of voltage from high to low. During this process, the target battery keeps its own discharge switch closed to maintain load power supply, thereby achieving a smooth switch of power supply from the high-voltage in-situ battery to the low-voltage target battery. Subsequently, the target battery closes its own charging switch and sends a resuming charging request to the charger, prompting the charger to prioritize charging the low-voltage target battery. In this way, the potential difference when high and low voltage batteries are connected in parallel is effectively eliminated through time-sequential switching actions and charging scheduling, which helps to prevent the occurrence of circulating current mutual charging between battery packs.

[0063] Please refer to Figure 8 In step S220 above, the pre-parallel operation determination status is updated and detected, including: If the target battery is fault-free, the PN number of the target battery and the battery in place are consistent, and the battery in place has no effective discharge current, the pre-parallel determination state is determined to be the pass state. For example, such as Figure 8As shown in step S103, the pre-parallel connection judgment state of the target battery can be determined based on the faultiness of the target battery, the consistency of the PN number between the target battery and the existing battery, and the charging and discharging state (effective discharge current) of the existing battery. When the above pre-parallel connection conditions are met, the pre-parallel connection judgment state is determined to be a passed state, that is, the pre-parallel connection permission flag T=1, indicating that the target battery meets the preconditions for parallel connection judgment and subsequent parallel connection judgment can be performed; otherwise, if any condition is not met, the pre-parallel connection judgment state is determined to be a failed state, that is, the pre-parallel connection permission flag T=0, indicating that the target battery does not meet the preconditions for parallel connection judgment and no further parallel connection judgment is required. All switches of the target battery do not operate, that is, they maintain their original switching states. At this time, if the target battery meets the entry conditions for standby or hibernation state, it enters the standby or hibernation state until it is woken up.

[0064] Alternatively, the criteria for determining pre-parallel operation can be as follows: If the target battery is fault-free, the target battery and the in-situ battery have the same PN number, and the in-situ battery has an effective discharge current but is in a charging state, the pre-parallel connection determination state is determined to be a pass state.

[0065] For example, in some cases, the target battery is fault-free and its PN number matches that of the in-situ battery. In this case, although the in-situ battery has an effective discharge current, it is in a charging state (e.g., Figure 8 As shown in step S111, the pre-parallel operation determination state can still be determined as a pass state, i.e., the pre-parallel operation permission flag T=1. In this case, since the charging state of the in-situ battery has been determined, the subsequent control logic does not need to perform redundant determination of the charging state of the in-situ battery, but only needs to be adjusted appropriately.

[0066] Therefore, the above steps—assuming the target battery is fault-free, the target battery and the in-situ battery have the same PN (Parallel Node) number, and the in-situ battery has an effective discharge current but is in a charging state—determine the pre-parallel connection determination state as passed, and then further include: S261. If the parallel connection determination status of the target battery is determined to be in a failed state, the target battery sends a charging prohibition request to the charger. For example, in the aforementioned steps, the pre-parallel connection determination state has been determined to be a passed state, i.e., the pre-parallel connection permission flag T=1. At this point, the parallel connection determination state of the target battery is determined. If the target battery's parallel connection determination state is determined to be a failed state, i.e., the parallel connection permission flag P=1, it indicates that the target battery can be safely connected to the parallel circuit. The target battery, while maintaining its pre-discharge switch open and its discharge switch closed, closes its charging switch to begin charging. However, if the target battery's parallel connection determination state is determined to be a failed state, i.e., the parallel connection permission flag P=0, it indicates a potential risk of inter-battery circulating current charging, requiring the execution of corresponding control logic. In this case, the target battery sends a charging prohibition request to the charger. The operation and purpose of this step are the same as in step S230, and will not be repeated here.

[0067] S262, Pre-charge the target battery; For example, please refer to Figure 6 The pre-charging operation in step S220 (as in step S101) is performed before the charging state of the in-situ battery is detected. This step differs in timing from the aforementioned step S220; please refer to [reference needed]. Figure 8 Since the status of the in-situ battery has been determined before this step, the target battery can be controlled to perform a pre-charging operation (e.g., ...). Figure 8 Step S262 (as shown) refers to the target battery closing the pre-discharge switch while keeping its own discharge switch and charging switch open. After successful pre-charging, the target battery first closes its own discharge switch and then opens the pre-discharge switch while keeping its own charging switch open (see reference). Figure 5 (Step S101). If pre-charging is unsuccessful, the target battery disconnects its own pre-discharge switch and keeps the discharge switch and charging switch disconnected.

[0068] S263. After successful pre-charging, in response to all in-situ batteries completing the preset discharge switch disconnection operation in order of voltage from high to low, the target battery closes its own charging switch while maintaining its own discharge switch closed. The discharge switch and charging switch of the target battery are connected in series. For example, the operation logic of this step is the same as that of step S240: To prevent circulating current charging between different batteries, all in-situ batteries complete the preset discharge switch disconnection operation in descending order of voltage. For example, the highest voltage battery first closes its own charging switch, then disconnects its own discharge switch, and keeps its own pre-charge switch open; then, the next highest voltage battery first closes its own charging switch, then disconnects its own discharge switch, and keeps its own pre-charge switch open. During this process, the target battery keeps its own discharge switch closed, which can switch the main power supply of the vehicle from the high-voltage battery to the low-voltage target battery, preventing the parallel control logic from failing due to the vehicle restarting. After detecting that all in-situ batteries have completed the discharge switch disconnection operation, the target battery closes its own charging switch to facilitate subsequent charging. At this time, the high-voltage in-situ battery cannot charge the low-voltage target battery because its discharge switch is open, which helps to prevent circulating current charging.

[0069] S264. After the charging switch of the target battery is closed, the target battery sends a request to the charger to resume charging.

[0070] For example, the action logic of this step is the same as that of step S250: after the target battery’s own charging switch is closed, the target battery enters a charging preparation state. At this time, a charging resumption request is sent to the charger, which can prioritize charging the target battery with low voltage to achieve battery power balance.

[0071] Please continue to refer to Figure 8 In some application examples, the battery parallel charging and discharging control method also includes: If the in-situ battery is detected to be in a charging state and the pre-parallel determination state is indicated as passed but the parallel determination state is indicated as failed, the voltage of the target battery is compared with that of all in-situ batteries to determine the voltage state of the target battery. When the voltage state of the target battery is characterized as the highest voltage state, the target battery closes its own charging switch. If the voltage state of the target battery is not characterized as the highest voltage state, the target battery sends a charging prohibition request to the charger.

[0072] For example, to improve the accuracy of the switch control logic, the above steps can be further optimized, such as by comparing the voltage of the target battery with that of the existing battery to determine whether the target battery is the highest voltage battery (e.g., ...). Figure 8 (As shown in step S114) If the target battery is the highest voltage battery, then the voltage of the existing batteries is lower than that of the target battery. In this case, regardless of whether the existing batteries can discharge, they will not charge the target battery, i.e., there will be no circulating current mutual charging phenomenon. The target battery can directly close its own charging switch to charge (see reference). Figure 4 If the target battery is not the highest voltage battery, then it is necessary to prevent circulating current charging, that is, to execute the steps corresponding to "the target battery sending a charging prohibition request to the charger".

[0073] During battery parallel operation, the switching logic needs to be controlled based on the charging and discharging state of the battery in use. The parallel operation process when the battery is charging has been explained above; the following section explains the parallel operation process when the battery is not charging. Please refer to [link to relevant documentation]. Figure 7 In some application examples, the battery parallel charging and discharging control method also includes: When it is detected that the battery in place is not in a charging state, the effective discharge current of the battery in place is detected. When there is no effective discharge current in the in-situ battery, the in-situ battery maintains a first switching state, which is used to characterize closing its own discharge switch, opening its own charging switch, and pre-discharge switch. When there is an effective discharge current in the in-situ battery, the in-situ battery with an effective discharge current switches to the second switching state. The second switching state is used to characterize closing its own charging switch and keeping its own discharge switch closed, as well as opening the pre-discharge switch.

[0074] For example, the detection of the charging and non-charging states of the in-situ battery can be achieved through a charging enable detection circuit. When the in-situ battery is in a non-charging state, it is also necessary to detect the effective discharge current of the in-situ battery to accurately determine its operating state. To improve the detection's anti-interference capability, this embodiment uses the effective discharge current as the detection index, where the effective discharge current refers to a discharge current with a value greater than a preset threshold.

[0075] When no effective discharge current is detected in the in-situ battery, it indicates that the in-situ battery has not entered the discharge working state. All switches of the in-situ battery are inactive, meaning the target battery maintains its first switching state: closing its own discharge switch, opening its own charging switch and pre-discharge switch, in preparation to switch to the charging / discharging state at any time (e.g., Figure 7 (See step S104).

[0076] When a valid discharge current is detected in the battery in use, it indicates that the battery is providing power. The battery with a valid discharge current needs to switch to the second switching state: close its own charging switch while keeping its own discharge switch closed and the pre-discharge switch open (e.g., ...). Figure 7 (as shown in step S105) to ensure that the main circuit where the charging switch is located can be safely turned on.

[0077] Please continue to refer to Figure 7 In some application examples, the battery parallel charging and discharging control method also includes: When the effective discharge current of the battery in place is detected to switch from the present state to the absent state within a preset time window, if the pre-parallel determination state is not passed, the battery in place switches to the third switch state. The third switch state is used to indicate that the battery closes its own charging switch and maintains it for a preset time, keeps its own discharge switch closed, and the pre-discharge switch is open.

[0078] For example, to improve the accuracy of detecting the working status of the in-situ battery, a preset time window is configured, such as 100 milliseconds or 200 milliseconds. If no effective discharge current is detected within the time window, it indicates that the in-situ battery is in a waiting state; if an effective discharge current is continuously detected within the time window, it indicates that the in-situ battery is in a discharging state; and if the effective discharge current switches from an existing state to a non-existent state within the time window, that is, the effective discharge current changes from present to absent, it indicates that the electrical device (such as an electric mobility scooter) may have entered a standby state from a usage state. The in-situ battery needs to further determine the switching control logic based on the pre-parallel judgment state and the parallel judgment state. If the pre-parallel judgment state is characterized as failed, that is, the pre-parallel permission flag T=0, it indicates that the target battery does not meet the preconditions for paralleling, and paralleling is canceled. In this case, the in-situ battery switches to the third switching state: closing its own charging switch and maintaining it for a preset time (such as 1 minute) while keeping its own discharge switch closed and the pre-discharge switch open (such as... Figure 7 As shown in step S106, this ensures that the main circuit where the charging switch is located can be safely turned on within a preset time. After the charging switch is turned off after maintaining the preset time, it can prevent users from using blind charging and helps to ensure the safety of battery use.

[0079] Alternatively, when the effective discharge current of the in-situ battery is detected to switch from the present state to the absent state within a preset time window, and both the pre-parallel determination state and the parallel determination state are characterized as passed, the in-situ battery switches to the third switch state.

[0080] For example, when both the pre-parallel determination state and the parallel determination state are characterized as passed, that is, the pre-parallel permission flag T=1 and the parallel permission flag P=1, it indicates that the target battery can be safely paralleled. The battery in place switches to the third switch state: closing its own charging switch and maintaining it for a preset time (e.g., 1 minute) while keeping its own discharge switch closed and the pre-discharge switch open. This can ensure that the main circuit where the charging switch is located can be safely connected within the preset time. The charging switch is opened after maintaining the preset time, which can prevent users from using blind charging and helps to ensure the safety of battery use.

[0081] Alternatively, when the effective discharge current of the in-situ battery is detected to switch from the present state to the absent state within a preset time window, if the pre-parallel determination state is indicated as passed but the parallel determination state is indicated as failed, the effective discharge current detection of the in-situ battery continues, and after no effective discharge current is detected, the in-situ battery switches to the first switch state.

[0082] For example, if the pre-parallelization determination status is indicated as passed but the parallelization determination status is indicated as failed, i.e., the pre-parallelization permission flag T=1 and the parallelization permission flag P=0, it means that the target battery does not meet the conditions for safe parallelization. After the battery in place has no effective discharge current, it switches to the first switch state: closing its own discharge switch, opening its own charging switch and pre-discharge switch, which helps to prevent the phenomenon of mutual charging between batteries.

[0083] Please refer to Figure 10 Based on the above technical concept, this embodiment also provides a battery parallel charging and discharging control device, including: The first request module 101 is used to send a charging prohibition request to the charger when the in-situ battery is detected to be in a charging state and the pre-parallel determination state is indicated as passed but the parallel determination state is indicated as failed. In this case, the in-situ battery is used to represent the connected battery, the target battery is used to represent the battery to be paralleled, and the charger is used to charge the paralleled battery. The control module 102 is used to respond to all in-situ batteries completing a preset discharge switch disconnection operation in order of voltage from high to low, and the target battery closing its own charging switch while maintaining its own discharge switch closed. The discharge switch and charging switch of the target battery are connected in series. The second request module 103 is used to send a resume charging request from the target battery to the charger after the charging switch is closed.

[0084] The inventive concept of this battery parallel charging and discharging control device embodiment is the same as that of the battery parallel charging and discharging control method embodiment described above. For any content not covered in this battery parallel charging and discharging control device embodiment, please refer to the battery parallel charging and discharging control method embodiment described above, and it will not be repeated here. Based on the charging status, pre-parallel determination status, and parallel determination status, the real-time operating conditions of the in-situ battery and the parallel compatibility between the target battery and the in-situ battery are comprehensively identified. The pre-parallel determination status is used to characterize whether the target battery meets the basic permission conditions for parallel access. The parallel determination status is used to characterize the differences between the target battery and the in-situ battery in parameters such as voltage, current, temperature, or state of charge. When the in-situ battery is detected to be in a charging state and the pre-parallel determination status is characterized as passed but the parallel determination status is characterized as failed, it indicates that the voltage of the in-situ battery is likely to be greater than that of the target battery. The target battery sends a charging prohibition request to the charger, and all in-situ batteries sequentially execute the preset discharge switch disconnection operation in order of voltage from high to low. During this process, the target battery keeps its own discharge switch closed to maintain the power supply to the load, thereby realizing a smooth switch of the power supply main body from the high-voltage in-situ battery to the low-voltage target battery. Subsequently, the target battery closes its own charging switch and sends a resuming charging request to the charger, prompting the charger to prioritize charging the target battery in the low-voltage state. In this way, the potential difference when high and low voltage batteries are connected in parallel is effectively eliminated through time-sequential switching actions and charging scheduling, which helps to prevent the occurrence of circulating current mutual charging between battery packs.

[0085] Please refer to Figure 11 This embodiment also provides a power battery, including a processor 201 and a memory 202. The memory 202 stores computer execution instructions, and the processor 201 executes the computer execution instructions to implement the above-described battery parallel charging and discharging control method. The specific details of the battery parallel charging and discharging control method can be found above and will not be repeated here.

[0086] This embodiment also provides an electric mobility scooter, including the aforementioned power battery.

[0087] This embodiment comprehensively identifies the real-time operating conditions of the in-situ battery and the parallel compatibility between the target battery and the in-situ battery based on the charging state, pre-parallel determination state, and parallel determination state. The pre-parallel determination state is used to characterize whether the target battery meets the basic permission conditions for parallel access. The parallel determination state is used to characterize the differences between the target battery and the in-situ battery in parameters such as voltage, current, temperature, or state of charge. When it is detected that the in-situ battery is in a charging state and the pre-parallel determination state is characterized as passed but the parallel determination state is characterized as failed, it indicates that the voltage of the in-situ battery is likely to be greater than the voltage of the target battery. The target battery sends a charging prohibition request to the charger, and all in-situ batteries sequentially perform the preset discharge switch disconnection operation in order of voltage from high to low. During this process, the target battery keeps its own discharge switch closed to maintain the power supply to the load, thereby realizing a smooth switch of the power supply main body from the high-voltage in-situ battery to the low-voltage target battery. Subsequently, the target battery closes its own charging switch and sends a resuming charging request to the charger, prompting the charger to prioritize charging the target battery in the low-voltage state. In this way, the potential difference when high and low voltage batteries are connected in parallel is effectively eliminated through time-sequential switching actions and charging scheduling, which helps to prevent the occurrence of circulating current mutual charging between battery packs.

[0088] The target battery identifies whether the in-situ battery is in single-pack or multi-pack operation mode by listening to the inter-pack messages. Based on the single-pack or multi-pack operation mode, it controls the charging and discharging switches of the target battery and the in-situ battery during the charging and discharging process. By switching the main power supply and prioritizing charging the low-voltage battery, it helps to prevent the occurrence of circulating current mutual charging between battery packs.

[0089] The embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments. Within the scope of knowledge possessed by those skilled in the art, various changes can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for controlling parallel charging and discharging of a battery, characterized in that, include: If the in-situ battery is detected to be charging and the pre-parallel connection determination status is indicated as passed but the parallel connection determination status is indicated as failed, the target battery sends a charging prohibition request to the charger. Here, the in-situ battery is used to represent the connected battery, the target battery is used to represent the battery to be connected to the parallel connection, and the charger is used to charge the parallel connection battery. In response to all the in-situ batteries completing the preset discharge switch disconnection operation in descending order of voltage, the target battery closes its own charging switch while maintaining its own discharge switch closed, and the discharge switch and the charging switch of the target battery are connected in series. After the charging switch is closed, the target battery sends a recharge request to the charger.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: If the in-situ battery is detected to be in a charging state and the pre-parallel determination state is indicated as passed but the parallel determination state is indicated as failed, the voltage of the target battery is compared with that of all the in-situ batteries to determine the voltage state of the target battery. When the voltage state of the target battery is characterized as the highest voltage state, the target battery closes its own charging switch. If the voltage state of the target battery is not characterized as the highest voltage state, the target battery sends a charging prohibition request to the charger.

3. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The step of sending a charging prohibition request to the charger when the in-situ battery is detected to be in a charging state and the pre-parallel operation determination status is indicated as passed but the parallel operation determination status is indicated as failed, before which the target battery sends the charging prohibition request to the charger, also includes: The target battery closes its pre-discharge switch to pre-charge while keeping its own charging switch off. If the pre-charging is successful, the target battery closes its own discharge switch and opens the pre-discharge switch. The pre-discharge switch and the discharge switch are connected in parallel.

4. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that, The method further includes: The target battery determines whether the in-situ battery is in a single-packet operation state or a multi-packet operation state by listening to the inter-packet messages. When the in-situ battery is in the single-pack operation state, the target battery closes its own pre-discharge switch to perform pre-charging while keeping its own charging switch off. When the in-situ battery is in the multi-pack operation state, the pre-parallel determination state is determined, and when the pre-parallel determination state is characterized as passed, the target battery closes its own pre-discharge switch to perform pre-charging while keeping its own charging switch off.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that, The method further includes: If the in-situ battery is detected to be not in a charging state, the effective discharge current of the in-situ battery is detected. When there is no effective discharge current in the in-situ battery, the target battery maintains a first switching state, which is used to characterize closing its own discharge switch, opening its own charging switch, and pre-discharge switch. When the in-situ battery has an effective discharge current, the in-situ battery with an effective discharge current switches to a second switching state, which is used to characterize closing its own charging switch and keeping its own discharge switch closed, and opening its pre-discharge switch.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that, The method further includes: When the effective discharge current of the in-situ battery is detected to switch from the present state to the absent state within a preset time window, and the pre-parallel determination state is characterized as failing, the in-situ battery switches to the third switch state. The third switch state is used to indicate that the charging switch is closed and maintained for a preset time, and the discharge switch is closed and the pre-discharge switch is open. Alternatively, when the effective discharge current of the in-situ battery is detected to switch from the present state to the absent state within a preset time window, and both the pre-parallel determination state and the parallel determination state are characterized as passed, the in-situ battery switches to the third switch state. Alternatively, when the effective discharge current of the in-situ battery is detected to switch from the present state to the absent state within a preset time window, if the pre-parallel determination state is characterized as passed but the parallel determination state is characterized as failed, the effective discharge current detection of the in-situ battery continues, and after no effective discharge current is detected, the in-situ battery switches to the first switch state.

7. The method according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, The method further includes: If the target battery is fault-free, the PN number of the target battery and the in-situ battery are consistent, and the in-situ battery has no effective discharge current, the pre-parallel determination state is determined to be a pass state. Alternatively, if the target battery is fault-free, the target battery and the in-situ battery have the same PN number, and the in-situ battery has an effective discharge current but is in a charging state, the pre-parallel determination state is determined to be a pass state. And / or, the method further includes: If the voltage difference, current difference, temperature difference, and SOC difference between the target battery and the in-situ battery are all within the corresponding error range, the parallel operation determination state is determined to be a pass state. And / or, the step of responding to all the in-situ batteries completing a preset discharge switch disconnection operation in descending voltage order further includes: The target battery closes its pre-discharge switch to pre-charge while keeping its own charging switch off. If the pre-charging is successful, the target battery closes its own discharge switch and opens the pre-discharge switch. The pre-discharge switch and the discharge switch are connected in parallel.

8. A method for controlling parallel charging and discharging of a battery, characterized in that, include: After the ID signal of the target battery is identified, the pre-parallel determination state and the parallel determination state are initialized, and the target battery is used to characterize the battery to be paralleled. The target battery determines that the in-situ battery is in single-packet operation state by listening to the inter-packet message, and the target battery performs pre-charging. Alternatively, the target battery determines that the in-situ battery is in a multi-packet operation state by listening to inter-packet messages, updates and detects the pre-parallel operation determination state, and performs pre-charging when the pre-parallel operation determination state indicates that it has passed. The in-situ battery is used to characterize the connected battery; When it is determined that the battery in place is in a charging state, if the pre-parallel determination state is characterized as passed but the parallel determination state is characterized as failed, the target battery sends a charging prohibition request to the charger. In response to all the in-situ batteries completing the preset discharge switch disconnection operation in descending order of voltage, the target battery closes its own charging switch while maintaining its own discharge switch closed, and the discharge switch and the charging switch of the target battery are connected in series. After the charging switch of the target battery is closed, the target battery sends a recharge request to the charger.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The update detection of the pre-parallel determination status includes: If the target battery is fault-free, the PN number of the target battery and the in-situ battery are consistent, and the in-situ battery has no effective discharge current, the pre-parallel determination state is determined to be a pass state. Alternatively, if the target battery is fault-free, the target battery and the in-situ battery have the same PN number, and the in-situ battery has an effective discharge current but is in a charging state, the pre-parallel determination state is determined to be a pass state.

10. The method according to claim 9, characterized in that, The process of determining the pre-parallel connection determination state as a pass state after the target battery is found to be fault-free, the target battery and the in-situ battery have the same PN number, and the in-situ battery has an effective discharge current but is in a charging state, further includes: If the target battery is determined to be in a failed parallel connection state, the target battery sends a charging prohibition request to the charger. The target battery is pre-charged; After successful pre-charging, in response to all the in-situ batteries completing the preset discharge switch disconnection operation in order of voltage from high to low, the target battery closes its own charging switch while maintaining its own discharge switch closed. After the charging switch of the target battery is closed, the target battery sends a recharge request to the charger.

11. A battery parallel charging and discharging control device, characterized in that, include: The first request module is used to send a charging prohibition request to the charger when the in-situ battery is detected to be in a charging state and the pre-parallel determination state is indicated as passed but the parallel determination state is indicated as failed. The in-situ battery is used to represent the connected battery, the target battery is used to represent the battery to be paralleled, and the charger is used to charge the paralleled battery. The control module is used to respond to all the in-situ batteries completing a preset discharge switch disconnection operation in order of voltage from high to low, and the target battery closing its own charging switch while maintaining its own discharge switch closed, wherein the discharge switch and the charging switch of the target battery are connected in series. The second request module is used to send a resume charging request to the charger after the charging switch is closed.

12. A power battery, comprising a processor and a memory, wherein the memory stores computer-executable instructions, characterized in that, When the processor executes the computer execution instructions, it is used to implement the battery parallel charging and discharging control method as described in any one of claims 1 to 10.

13. An electric mobility scooter, characterized in that, Including the power battery as described in claim 12.

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