A mangrove-sipunculan breeding pond and a breeding method

Abstract

The application provides a mangrove-fulica prionodes culture pond and a culture method, and belongs to the technical field of aquaculture and ecological breeding. The culture pond comprises a culture jar (1), a water storage jar (2), a culture cup (3), a water circulation assembly (4), a culture substrate (5), mangroves (6), a sewage outlet (7), a culture support (8), a controller (9), and a water level monitoring device (10). The water circulation assembly comprises a water pump (4-1), a water inlet pipe (4-2), and an overflow pipe (4-3). The application realizes efficient water circulation and substrate loss prevention and control through the cooperative matching of the hierarchical structure design, the precise tide simulation system and the independent transparent culture unit, solves the problems of inconvenient observation, sampling and weighing of the starworms and difficult environmental regulation and control of the breeding coupling, simultaneously guarantees the nutrition supply of the starworms through a specific feeding scheme, improves the survival rate and growth speed of the starworms, and realizes the cooperative improvement of ecological benefits and economic benefits.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of aquaculture and ecological farming technology, and particularly relates to a mangrove-Sipunculus nudus breeding pond and breeding method. Background Technology

[0002] Sipunculus nudus (commonly known as "mud worms") is prized for its delicious meat and rich nutritional value, containing various amino acids and trace elements essential for the human body. It is often called "sea ginseng" and possesses high economic value and market demand. Traditional Sipunculus nudus farming relies heavily on natural environments such as coastal mudflats and ponds, using trenching and ridge-building methods. This method has several technical drawbacks: First, the farming environment is poorly controllable, easily affected by weather, waves, tides, and other natural factors, often damaging worm burrows and resulting in poor growth stability. Second, the farming area is limited, with mudflat resources meeting the worms' habitat requirements being scarce. Third, feed is easily washed away by water currents, resulting in low utilization and water pollution. Fourth, numerous predators make it difficult to guarantee worm survival rates. Fifth, harvesting requires hoeing and digging, which is labor-intensive and easily damages the worms, affecting yield and profitability. Sixth, precise observation, sampling, and weight monitoring of the worms during the farming process is difficult, hindering farming management and research data collection.

[0003] Mangroves, as a key species in coastal wetlands, possess ecological functions such as purifying water, fixing nitrogen and fertilizing, and improving the substrate environment. Coupled cultivation of mangroves with Sipunculus nudus can achieve a synergistic improvement in both ecological and economic benefits. While existing land-based Sipunculus nudus cultivation devices may employ independent cultivation units such as substrate cups, they do not achieve true integration with mangroves. Furthermore, existing integrated cultivation devices often use monolithic cultivation tanks, which suffer from insufficient water exchange, poor tidal environment simulation, difficulty in independently managing Sipunculus nudus cultivation units, and easy substrate loss due to drainage. Additionally, the lack of precise water quality and level control mechanisms hinders the large-scale promotion of the integrated cultivation model and the improvement of cultivation efficiency.

[0004] Therefore, developing a mangrove-Sipunculus nudus breeding pond and supporting breeding methods that can accurately simulate the tidal environment, facilitate the observation and sampling of Sipunculus nudus, and ensure efficient and sufficient water exchange has become an urgent technical problem to be solved. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the purpose of this invention is to provide a mangrove-derived Sipunculus nudus culture pond and culture method. This invention achieves efficient water circulation and substrate loss control through the synergistic combination of a layered structural design, a precise tidal simulation system, and independent transparent culture units. It solves the problems of inconvenient observation, sampling, and weighing of Sipunculus nudus, as well as the difficulty in environmental control during the integrated cultivation and breeding process. Simultaneously, a specific feeding program ensures adequate nutrient supply for the Sipunculus nudus, improving their survival rate and growth rate, thus achieving a synergistic improvement in both ecological and economic benefits.

[0006] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: This invention provides a mangrove-Sipunculus nudus breeding pond, the breeding pond including a breeding tank (1), a water storage tank (2), a breeding cup (3), a water circulation component (4), a breeding substrate (5), mangroves (6), a sewage outlet (7), a breeding support (8), a controller (9), and a water level monitoring device (10); wherein the water circulation component includes a water pump (4-1), an inlet pipe (4-2), and an overflow pipe (4-3); The breeding tank (1) is located on the breeding support (8). The breeding tank (1) is equipped with a breeding cup (3), a breeding substrate (5), mangrove (6), water inlet pipe (4-2), and overflow pipe (4-3). The water storage tank (2) is located under the breeding support (8), and the water storage tank (2) is equipped with a water circulation component (4) and a sewage outlet (7); The controller (9) is connected to the water pump (4-1) in the water circulation assembly (4); The water pump (4-1) is connected to the water inlet pipe (4-2).

[0007] Preferably, one end of the inlet pipe (4-2) is connected to the water pump (4-1) and the other end is connected to the breeding tank (1). One end of the overflow pipe (4-3) is connected to the breeding tank (1) and the other end is connected to the water storage tank (2). The inlet pipe (4-2) and the overflow pipe (4-3) are diagonally distributed.

[0008] Preferably, the water inlet pipe (4-2) connected to the culture tank (1) is located at the edge of the culture tank (1) and separated from the culture substrate (5).

[0009] Preferably, the deepest part of the water inlet pipe (4-2) is 5-10 cm below the surface of the aquaculture substrate (5).

[0010] As a preferred option, the overflow pipe (4-3) connected to the breeding tank (1) is 10-15 cm higher than the breeding substrate.

[0011] Preferably, the culture cup (3) has water passage holes with a diameter of 1~2mm evenly provided on the cup wall and the bottom of the cup.

[0012] Preferably, the opening of the culture cup (3) is 5-10 cm higher than the culture substrate (5), and the culture cup (3) is filled with the culture substrate (5).

[0013] This invention also provides a method for culturing *Sipunculus nudus* in a mangrove-Sipunculus nudus culture pond, comprising the following steps: (1) The disinfected mudflats are laid in the aquaculture tank, and seawater is poured into the storage tank; (2) Insert the culture cups and mangroves into the culture substrate; (3) Place the palatable Sipunculid worms into the culture cup; (4) The water circulation components are controlled by a controller to simulate tides and water flow; (5) Test the water quality in the storage tank daily, feed the delicious Sipunculus nudus and observe its feeding and activity. Clean the sediment in the storage tank every 15-25 days. After 6 months of breeding, collect the delicious Sipunculus nudus.

[0014] Preferably, the planting density of the mangroves is 5-10 trees / m². 2 The aquaculture cup is inserted to a depth of 2 / 3 of its height, and the amount of mud in the aquaculture cup is 2 / 3 of its height.

[0015] As a preferred method, Sipunculus nudus is fed once a day, 1 hour before the simulated high tide, and the amount of feed is 3% to 5% of the initial body weight of the Sipunculus nudus.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention establishes a synergistic symbiotic system between mangroves and Sipunculus nudus. Mangroves absorb nutrients such as nitrogen and phosphorus from water and substrate through their roots, purifying water quality, improving substrate aeration, and fixing nitrogen for fertilization. Sipunculus excrement can serve as natural organic fertilizer for mangrove growth, realizing the recycling of aquaculture waste, reducing aquaculture costs, and minimizing feed residue and excrement pollution to the environment, thus achieving a win-win situation for both ecology and economy.

[0017] 2. This invention adopts a layered structure combined with a water circulation component and a controller. The water pump is automatically controlled to start and stop through a preset program, which accurately simulates the rise and fall rhythm of natural tides. At the same time, the substrate humidity can be kept stable during dry and dewy periods by retaining water, providing a near-natural growth environment for Sipunculus nudus and effectively promoting the growth and development of Sipunculus nudus.

[0018] 3. This invention uses transparent, independent culture cups to culture Sipunculus nudus, which is not only inexpensive and easy to process and replace, but also allows direct observation of the activity, feeding, and growth of the Sipunculus nudus through the cup walls without disrupting the culture environment. The culture cups can be quickly removed for sampling and weighing, simplifying the operation and solving the problem of inconvenient observation and monitoring of Sipunculus nudus in traditional culture methods. Harvesting requires no digging; simply inverting the culture cup separates the Sipunculus nudus from the substrate, reducing labor input, avoiding damage to the Sipunculus nudus, and improving culture efficiency.

[0019] 4. This invention uses shrimp feed with a balanced nutritional ratio that meets the growth requirements of Sipunculus nudus. The daily feeding frequency ensures nutritional supply while avoiding overfeeding that could lead to water pollution. The timing of feeding after feed crushing and at the beginning of high tide further improves feed utilization and reduces aquaculture costs.

[0020] 5. The closed-loop water circulation system of the present invention can reduce the water consumption of aquaculture (only the water lost due to evaporation and sewage discharge needs to be replenished periodically). With water quality monitoring and precise control, it can stably control key indicators such as salinity, pH value and dissolved oxygen. At the same time, the water passage design of the independent aquaculture cup can prevent the substrate from being lost with the water flow, avoid interference from harmful organisms, and make the aquaculture environment stable and controllable, thus greatly reducing the risk of sipunculus disease.

[0021] 6. The breeding model of this invention is not limited by tidal flat resources or geographical location. The breeding ponds can be arranged on flat ground or stacked on shelves (multi-layer breeding), which is convenient for large-scale and standardized breeding. The breeding method is simple and easy to implement, and the feeding plan is clear and easy to operate. It is suitable for family breeding, cooperative breeding and factory breeding. It provides technical support for realizing the automation and factory breeding of Sipunculus nudus, and promotes the sustainable development of the breeding industry. Attached Figure Description

[0022] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the aquaculture pond of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the high tide state of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the low tide state of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the observation of Sipunculus nudus' status in an independent culture cup according to the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the state of Sipuncula seedlings burrowing into the culture substrate according to the present invention. The names and numbers of the components in the diagram are as follows: 1-breeding tank, 2-water storage tank, 3-breeding cup, 4-water circulation component, 5-breeding substrate, 6-mangrove, 7-drain outlet, 8-breeding support, 9-controller, 10-water level monitoring device; 4-1 water pump, 4-2 inlet pipe, 4-3 overflow pipe. Detailed Implementation

[0023] This invention provides a mangrove-Sipunculus nudus breeding pond, the breeding pond including a breeding tank (1), a water storage tank (2), a breeding cup (3), a water circulation component (4), a breeding substrate (5), mangroves (6), a sewage outlet (7), a breeding support (8), a controller (9), and a water level monitoring device (10); wherein the water circulation component includes a water pump (4-1), an inlet pipe (4-2), and an overflow pipe (4-3); The breeding tank (1) is located on the breeding support (8). The breeding tank (1) is equipped with a breeding cup (3), a breeding substrate (5), mangrove (6), water inlet pipe (4-2), and overflow pipe (4-3). The water storage tank (2) is located under the breeding support (8), and the water storage tank (2) is equipped with a water circulation component (4) and a sewage outlet (7); The controller (9) is connected to the water pump (4-1) in the water circulation assembly (4); The water pump (4-1) is connected to the water inlet pipe (4-2).

[0024] In this invention, the aquaculture tank (1) is made of corrosion-resistant and high-strength material, preferably fiberglass or PVC board; the water storage tank (2) is made of waterproof and corrosion-resistant material, preferably stainless steel or reinforced plastic. The volume of the water storage tank (2) is larger than that of the aquaculture tank (1) to ensure sufficient water circulation and storage. A drain outlet (7) is provided at the bottom of the water storage tank (2), and a valve is installed at the drain outlet (7) to facilitate regular cleaning of sediment. A water level monitoring device (10) is installed on one side of the water storage tank (2) to monitor the water level in the tank in real time and provide data support for tidal regulation. The water level monitoring device is a float-type water level sensor or an electronic water level gauge.

[0025] In this invention, one end of the water inlet pipe (4-2) is connected to the water pump (4-1), and the other end is connected to the breeding tank (1). One end of the overflow pipe (4-3) is connected to the breeding tank (1), and the other end is connected to the water storage tank (2). The water inlet pipe (4-2) and the overflow pipe (4-3) are diagonally distributed.

[0026] In this invention, the water inlet pipe (4-2) connected to the breeding tank (1) is located at the edge of the breeding tank (1) and is separated from the breeding substrate (5).

[0027] In this invention, the deepest part of the water inlet pipe (4-2) is 5-10 cm below the surface of the aquaculture substrate (5).

[0028] In this invention, the overflow pipe (4-3) connected to the breeding tank (1) is 10-15 cm higher than the breeding substrate.

[0029] In this invention, the culture cup (3) has water passage holes with a diameter of 1~2mm evenly provided on the cup wall and the bottom of the cup.

[0030] In this invention, the mouth of the culture cup (3) is 5-10 cm higher than the culture substrate (5), and the culture cup (3) is filled with the culture substrate (5).

[0031] This invention also provides a method for culturing *Sipunculus nudus* in a mangrove-Sipunculus nudus culture pond, comprising the following steps: (1) The disinfected mudflats are laid in the aquaculture tank, and seawater is poured into the storage tank; (2) Insert the culture cups and mangroves into the culture substrate; (3) Place the palatable Sipunculid worms into the culture cup; (4) The water circulation components are controlled by a controller to simulate tides and water flow; (5) Test the water quality in the storage tank daily, feed the delicious Sipunculus nudus and observe its feeding and activity. Clean the sediment in the storage tank every 15-25 days. After 6 months of breeding, collect the delicious Sipunculus nudus.

[0032] In this invention, disinfected tidal flat mud is laid in the aquaculture tank, and seawater is injected into the storage tank. The aquaculture tank and storage tank are preferably cleaned to ensure no impurities or oil residue remain. Natural seawater that has been settled and filtered is injected into the storage tank, with the salinity controlled at 10-25‰. Aquaculture substrate is laid in the aquaculture tank, and after laying, the surface is flattened and smoothed, pressing from both sides towards the center to form a "road shape." The aquaculture substrate uses tidal flat mud from the mid-high tide zone along the coast, preferably from areas where Sipuncula larvae naturally grow. The aquaculture substrate needs to be disinfected or exposed to sunlight for 3-5 days before use to kill harmful microorganisms and larvae eggs. The disinfection method preferably involves spraying and mixing with a 5% quicklime solution, allowing it to stand for 24 hours, and then rinsing.

[0033] In this invention, the culture cup and mangrove are inserted into the culture substrate; preferably, the mangrove is planted in the culture substrate of the culture tank, and the preferred mangrove species are salt-tolerant and vigorous varieties such as Kandelia candel, Avicennia marina, Avicennia marina, and Rhizophora stylosa, with a planting density of 5-10 plants / m². 2 When planting, ensure that the mangrove roots are in full contact with the substrate; insert several independent culture cups evenly into the culture substrate, with the culture cups arranged in an equally spaced matrix, ensuring that the culture cups do not block each other and that the water flows smoothly, and insert them to a depth of 2 / 3 of the cup height to ensure space for Sipunculus growth and mangrove root extension; fill each culture cup with mud collected from clean mudflats, with the mud layer reaching 2 / 3 of the cup height, and gently compact it after filling to simulate the natural habitat.

[0034] In this invention, Sipunculus nudus is placed in a rearing cup. Preferred seedlings are robust, uninjured, and vigorous, with a size of 1000-1500 individuals / kg. The seedlings are placed directly onto the surface of the muddy substrate in the rearing cup at a density of 3-5 individuals per cup, allowing them to burrow into the substrate. If the seedlings fail to burrow into the substrate within 30 minutes, it indicates poor vigor, and vigorous seedlings should be replaced promptly. After placement, water is added to the cup to a height of 1-2 cm to ensure the seedlings adapt smoothly to the environment and prevent dehydration and death.

[0035] In this invention, the water circulation component is controlled by a controller to simulate tides and water flow. The controller sets the water pump to start and stop twice a day, with each start lasting 6-8 hours and the interval between the two starts being 12 hours, simulating the natural tidal rhythm. Preferably, the pump starts at 6:00 AM and stops at 2:00 PM, and starts again at 6:00 PM and stops at 2:00 AM the following day. When the water pump is turned on, water in the storage tank is pumped to the aquaculture tank through the inlet pipe, with the water flow rate controlled at 0.5-1 L / min to avoid the water flow being too rapid and eroding the substrate and mangrove roots. After the water level in the aquaculture tank rises to 10-15 cm above the aquaculture substrate, the excess water overflows. The water flows back to the storage tank through the inlet pipe, which is the "high tide" process. When the water pump is turned off, the inlet pipe will draw water from the aquaculture tank into the storage tank through the siphon effect. Since the deepest part of the inlet pipe is lower than the aquaculture substrate, and the aquaculture substrate is "road-shaped" with a high center and low sides, after the siphon ends (equivalent to low tide), 5-10cm of water will remain in the upper aquaculture tank due to the substrate blocking the water on both sides, thus keeping the aquaculture substrate moist and achieving the "low tide" process that conforms to natural habits. This cycle accurately simulates the rise and fall rhythm of natural tides, promotes water exchange, increases dissolved oxygen, and drives the recycling of nutrients in the aquaculture substrate.

[0036] In this invention, the water quality in the storage tank is tested daily, and the feeding and activity of *Sipunculus nudus* are observed. Sediment in the storage tank is cleaned every 15-25 days. After 6 months of rearing, the *Sipunculus nudus* are collected. Preferably, the salinity, pH, and dissolved oxygen levels of the rearing water are monitored daily to ensure that the salinity is stable at 10-25‰, the pH at 7.5-8.5, and the dissolved oxygen at ≥5 mg / L. When the salinity is too high, fresh water is added to adjust it; when it is too low, concentrated saline solution is added. If the pH is abnormal, an appropriate amount of baking soda can be added. Fine-tune the concentration by increasing (or decreasing) citric acid; if dissolved oxygen is insufficient, extend the pump's operating time or turn on the aerator to assist oxygenation; when feeding Sipunculus nudus, do not feed them for the first 3 days after introduction, allowing them to adapt to the environment and feed on the natural food in the substrate; after 3 days, begin feeding commercial shrimp feed (purchased from Aohua Group's No. 1 shrimp feed) ground to 80 mesh or finer to ensure easy consumption by the Sipunculus nudus and nutritional balance; feed once daily, at the beginning of high tide (i.e., when the pump starts). Within the first hour, the initial feeding amount should be 3% to 5% of the initial body weight of the Sipunculus nudus. The feed should be evenly scattered in the rearing cups to facilitate feeding and reduce feed loss. Adjust the feeding amount according to the feeding behavior of the sipunculus to avoid feed residue polluting the water. Observe the feeding and activity of the sipunculus daily through the transparent rearing cups (e.g., whether they burrow normally, whether their body surface is intact). Weekly, randomly select 3-5 rearing cups for sampling and weighing, recording the weight and body length of each sipunculus to analyze growth rate. Monthly, observe the growth of the mangroves. Including leaf color and new shoot growth, timely pruning of overly dense and weak branches and leaves is necessary to prevent excessive foliage from affecting light and water circulation. The sediment at the bottom of the water tank should be cleaned every 15-25 days (open the drain valve to discharge some water, and gently brush the bottom of the tank to remove sediment). The preferred cleaning time is 18-22 days, and more preferably 20 days. The culture cups should be replaced quarterly, or promptly when damaged or when the substrate inside the cup becomes compacted. When replacing, remove the old cup, clean it, refill it with new substrate, and then insert it back into the culture tank. After 6 months of rearing or when the size of the Sipunculus nudus reaches 300-600 individuals / kg, it can be harvested. At harvest, directly remove the individual rearing cups, pour out the substrate and Sipunculus nudus together, separate the Sipunculus nudus from the substrate, screen out the finished Sipunculus nudus, and remove impurities and individuals with poor vitality. If a larger commercial size is required, it can be reared to 200-300 individuals / kg. Mangroves should be pruned (the pruned branches and leaves can be crushed and reused as organic fertilizer in the rearing substrate) or transplanted in a timely manner according to growth needs and utilization purposes to achieve resource recycling.

[0037] The technical solutions provided by the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments, but they should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0038] Example 1

[0039] Based on the aquaculture pond of this invention ( Figure 1 Aquaculture experiments were conducted, with tung tree plants planted in the tanks; 1. Pretreatment of aquaculture pond: Clean the upper aquaculture tank (1) and the lower water storage tank (2), disinfect with potassium permanganate solution and rinse clean; inject seawater that has been settled and filtered into the lower water storage tank (2) and adjust the salinity to 15‰; lay a 20cm thick aquaculture substrate (5) into the upper aquaculture tank (1), the aquaculture substrate (5) preferably uses pure tidal mud; the aquaculture mud needs to be disinfected or exposed to the sun for 3-5 days before use to kill harmful microorganisms and insect eggs, and water is poured into the substrate after laying to make the substrate moist.

[0040] 2. Planting mangroves and arranging aquaculture cups: Plant tung tree plants in the upper aquaculture tank (1); insert 30 independent aquaculture cups (3) evenly into the aquaculture substrate (5), with the cup mouth flush with the substrate surface, and fill each aquaculture cup (3) with a 12cm high aquaculture substrate.

[0041] 3. Release of Sipunculus nudus: Select robust Sipunculus nudus seedlings, with a release size of 0.6g / tail, and release them directly onto the surface of the mudflats in the independent rearing cups (3) at a density of 3 tails per cup. Figure 5 This allows the Sipunculus nudus to burrow into the substrate on its own. If the Sipunculus nudus fails to burrow into the substrate after 30 minutes, it indicates poor vitality, and a more vigorous seedling should be replaced promptly. After release, a small amount of seawater should be added to the cup to ensure that the seedling adapts to the environment.

[0042] 4. Tidal and water flow simulation control: Start the water circulation component, and combine the tidal pattern of irregular semi-diurnal tides in Zhanjiang area, set the controller (9) to start for 6 hours each at 9:00 and 21:00 every day; when the water pump (4-1) starts, the seawater in the storage tank (2) is pumped into the aquaculture tank (1) through the inlet pipe (4-2) located at the edge of the aquaculture tank (1), diagonally opposite to the overflow pipe (4-3) and 5-10cm lower than the aquaculture substrate (5). The water level in the aquaculture tank (1) submerges the overflow pipe (4-3) (10-15cm higher than the aquaculture substrate), and the excess seawater flows back to the storage tank (2) through the overflow pipe (4-3), realizing the "high tide" process ( Figure 2 When the water pump (4-1) is turned off, the water in the inlet pipe (4-2) is drawn into the storage tank (2) by the siphon effect. After the siphon is finished, some water remains in the aquaculture tank (1) to keep the aquaculture substrate (5) moist. Figure 3 This allows for the simulation of a cycle that conforms to the tidal patterns of the Zhanjiang area.

[0043] 5. Daily management: Monitor water salinity, pH, and dissolved oxygen daily to ensure salinity is stable at around 15‰, pH at 7.5-8.2, and dissolved oxygen at ≥5mg / L; observe the feeding and activity of Sipunculus nudus daily using transparent culture cups (3). Figure 4 Five culture cups are randomly selected each week for sampling and weighing, and growth data are recorded. The sediment at the bottom of the water tank (2) (7) is cleaned every 20 days. The culture cups (3) can be replaced regularly every quarter or when damaged. The branches and leaves of the tung tree are pruned regularly to keep the plant ventilated and light-transmitting.

[0044] 6. Harvesting: After 6 months of breeding, take out the individual breeding cup (3), pour out the substrate and Sipunculus larvae in the cup, and harvest the finished Sipunculus larvae after screening; Breeding results: 100% survival rate, harvest weight 1.73±0.20g / larvae.

[0045] Example 2: Aquatic Plantation and Breeding Co-culture

[0046] Aquaculture experiments were conducted in the aquaculture pond based on the present invention, with Avicennia marina plants planted inside the pond. 1. Pretreatment of aquaculture pond: Clean the upper aquaculture tank (1) and the lower water storage tank (2), disinfect with potassium permanganate solution and rinse clean; inject seawater that has been settled and filtered into the lower water storage tank (2) and adjust the salinity to 15‰; lay a 20cm thick aquaculture substrate (5) into the upper aquaculture tank (1), the aquaculture substrate (5) preferably uses pure tidal mud; the aquaculture mud needs to be disinfected or exposed to the sun for 3-5 days before use to kill harmful microorganisms and insect eggs, and water is poured into the substrate after laying to make the substrate moist.

[0047] 2. Planting mangroves and arranging aquaculture cups: Plant Avicennia marina plants in the upper aquaculture tank (1); insert 30 independent aquaculture cups (3) evenly into the aquaculture substrate (5), with the cup mouth flush with the substrate surface, and fill each aquaculture cup (3) with a 12cm high aquaculture substrate.

[0048] 3. Release of Sipunculus nudus: Select robust Sipunculus nudus seedlings and release them at a density of 0.6g / tail. Release them directly onto the surface of the muddy tidal flat in the independent culture cup (3) at a density of 3 tails per cup, so that the Sipunculus nudus can burrow into the substrate on their own. If the Sipunculus nudus does not burrow into the substrate after 30 minutes, it indicates that its vitality is poor and it is necessary to replace it with a seedling with strong vitality in time. After release, inject a small amount of seawater into the cup to ensure that the seedling adapts to the environment.

[0049] 4. Tidal and water flow simulation control: Start the water circulation component, and combine the tidal pattern of irregular semi-diurnal tides in Zhanjiang area, set the controller (9) to start for 6 hours each at 9:00 and 21:00 every day; when the water pump (4-1) starts, the seawater in the storage tank (2) is pumped into the aquaculture tank (1) through the inlet pipe (4-2) located at the edge of the aquaculture tank (1), diagonally opposite to the overflow pipe (4-3) and 5~10cm lower than the aquaculture substrate (5). The water level submerges the overflow pipe (4-3) (10-15cm higher than the aquaculture substrate), and excess seawater flows back to the storage tank (2) through the overflow pipe (4-3), realizing the "high tide" process; when the water pump (4-1) is turned off, the water in the aquaculture tank (1) is sucked into the storage tank (2) by the siphon effect through the water inlet pipe (4-2). After the siphon is finished, some water is left in the aquaculture tank (1) to keep the aquaculture substrate (5) moist, realizing a simulated cycle that conforms to the tidal pattern of Zhanjiang area.

[0050] 5. Daily management: Monitor the salinity, pH value and dissolved oxygen of the water daily to ensure that the salinity is stable at around 15‰, the pH value is 7.5-8.2 and the dissolved oxygen is ≥5mg / L; observe the feeding and activity of Sipunculus nudus daily through the transparent breeding cup (3), and randomly select 5 breeding cups each week for sampling, weighing and recording growth data; clean the sediment at the bottom of the water tank (2) drain (7) every 20 days, and the breeding cup (3) can be replaced regularly every quarter or when damaged; regularly prune the branches and leaves of the tung tree to keep the plant well ventilated and light-transmitting.

[0051] 6. Harvesting: After 6 months of breeding, remove the individual breeding cup (3), pour out the substrate and Sipunculus larvae in the cup, and harvest the finished Sipunculus larvae after screening; the survival rate of the breeding results was 100%, and the harvest weight was 1.46±0.12g / larva.

[0052] Example 3: Coupled Aquaculture of Red Sea Olives

[0053] Aquaculture experiments were conducted in the aquaculture pond based on the present invention, in which red olive plants were planted; 1. Pretreatment of aquaculture pond: Clean the upper aquaculture tank (1) and the lower water storage tank (2), disinfect with potassium permanganate solution and rinse clean; inject seawater that has been settled and filtered into the lower water storage tank (2) and adjust the salinity to 15‰; lay a 20cm thick aquaculture substrate (5) into the upper aquaculture tank (1), the aquaculture substrate (5) preferably uses pure tidal mud; the aquaculture mud needs to be disinfected or exposed to the sun for 3-5 days before use to kill harmful microorganisms and insect eggs, and water is poured into the substrate after laying to make the substrate moist.

[0054] 2. Planting mangroves and arranging aquaculture cups: Plant mangrove plants in the upper aquaculture tank (1); insert 30 independent aquaculture cups (3) evenly into the aquaculture substrate (5), with the cup mouth flush with the substrate surface, and fill each aquaculture cup (3) with a 12cm high aquaculture substrate.

[0055] 3. Release of Sipunculus nudus: Select robust Sipunculus nudus seedlings and release them at a density of 0.6g / tail. Release them directly onto the surface of the muddy tidal flat in the independent culture cup (3) at a density of 3 tails per cup, so that the Sipunculus nudus can burrow into the substrate on their own. If the Sipunculus nudus does not burrow into the substrate after 30 minutes, it indicates that its vitality is poor and it is necessary to replace it with a seedling with strong vitality in time. After release, inject a small amount of seawater into the cup to ensure that the seedling adapts to the environment.

[0056] 4. Tidal and water flow simulation control: Start the water circulation component, and combine the tidal pattern of irregular semi-diurnal tides in Zhanjiang area, set the controller (9) to start for 6 hours each at 9:00 and 21:00 every day; when the water pump (4-1) starts, the seawater in the storage tank (2) is pumped into the aquaculture tank (1) through the inlet pipe (4-2) located at the edge of the aquaculture tank (1), diagonally opposite to the overflow pipe (4-3) and 5~10cm lower than the aquaculture substrate (5). The water level submerges the overflow pipe (4-3) (10-15cm higher than the aquaculture substrate), and excess seawater flows back to the storage tank (2) through the overflow pipe (4-3), realizing the "high tide" process; when the water pump (4-1) is turned off, the water in the aquaculture tank (1) is sucked into the storage tank (2) by the siphon effect through the water inlet pipe (4-2). After the siphon is finished, some water is left in the aquaculture tank (1) to keep the aquaculture substrate (5) moist, realizing a simulated cycle that conforms to the tidal pattern of Zhanjiang area.

[0057] 5. Daily management: Monitor the salinity, pH value and dissolved oxygen of the water daily to ensure that the salinity is stable at around 15‰, the pH value is 7.5-8.2 and the dissolved oxygen is ≥5mg / L; observe the feeding and activity of Sipunculus nudus daily through the transparent breeding cup (3), and randomly select 5 breeding cups each week for sampling, weighing and recording growth data; clean the sediment at the bottom of the water tank (2) drain (7) every 20 days, and the breeding cup (3) can be replaced regularly every quarter or when damaged; regularly prune the branches and leaves of the tung tree to keep the plant well ventilated and light-transmitting.

[0058] 6. Harvesting: After 6 months of breeding, remove the individual breeding cup (3), pour out the substrate and Sipunculus larvae in the cup, and harvest the finished Sipunculus larvae after screening; Breeding results: 100% survival rate, harvest weight 1.40±0.15g / larva.

[0059] Comparative Example

[0060] Aquaculture experiments were conducted using the aquaculture pond based on the present invention, without planting any mangrove plants in the tank; 1. Pretreatment of aquaculture pond: Clean the upper aquaculture tank (1) and the lower water storage tank (2), disinfect with potassium permanganate solution and rinse clean; inject seawater that has been settled and filtered into the lower water storage tank (2) and adjust the salinity to 15‰; lay a 20cm thick aquaculture substrate (5) into the upper aquaculture tank (1), the aquaculture substrate (5) preferably uses pure tidal mud; the aquaculture mud needs to be disinfected or exposed to the sun for 3-5 days before use to kill harmful microorganisms and insect eggs, and water is poured into the substrate after laying to make the substrate moist.

[0061] 2. Planting mangroves and arranging culture cups: No mangrove plants are planted in the upper culture tank (1); 30 independent culture cups (3) are evenly inserted into the culture substrate (5) to a depth of 2 / 3 of the cup height, and 12cm of culture substrate is filled into each culture cup (3).

[0062] 3. Release of Sipunculus nudus: Select robust Sipunculus nudus seedlings and release them at a density of 0.6g / tail. Release them directly onto the surface of the muddy tidal flat in the independent culture cup (3) at a density of 3 tails per cup, so that the Sipunculus nudus can burrow into the substrate on their own. If the Sipunculus nudus does not burrow into the substrate after 30 minutes, it indicates that its vitality is poor and it is necessary to replace it with a seedling with strong vitality in time. After release, inject a small amount of seawater into the cup to ensure that the seedling adapts to the environment.

[0063] 4. Tidal and water flow simulation control: Start the water circulation component, and combine the tidal pattern of irregular semi-diurnal tides in Zhanjiang area, set the controller (9) to start for 6 hours each at 9:00 and 21:00 every day; when the water pump (4-1) starts, the seawater in the storage tank (2) is pumped into the aquaculture tank (1) through the inlet pipe (4-2) located at the edge of the aquaculture tank (1), diagonally opposite to the overflow pipe (4-3) and 5~10cm lower than the aquaculture substrate (5). The water level submerges the overflow pipe (4-3) (10-15cm higher than the aquaculture substrate), and excess seawater flows back to the storage tank (2) through the overflow pipe (4-3), realizing the "high tide" process; when the water pump (4-1) is turned off, the water in the aquaculture tank (1) is sucked into the storage tank (2) by the siphon effect through the water inlet pipe (4-2). After the siphon is finished, some water is left in the aquaculture tank (1) to keep the aquaculture substrate (5) moist, realizing a simulated cycle that conforms to the tidal pattern of Zhanjiang area.

[0064] 5. Daily management: Monitor the salinity, pH value and dissolved oxygen of the water daily to ensure that the salinity is stable at around 15‰, the pH value is 7.5-8.2 and the dissolved oxygen is ≥5mg / L; observe the feeding and activity of Sipunculus nudus daily through the transparent breeding cup (3), and randomly select 5 breeding cups each week for sampling, weighing and recording growth data; clean the sediment at the bottom of the water tank (2) drain (7) every 20 days, and the breeding cup (3) can be replaced regularly every quarter or when damaged; regularly prune the branches and leaves of the tung tree to keep the plant well ventilated and light-transmitting.

[0065] 6. Harvesting: After 6 months of breeding, remove the individual breeding cup (3), pour out the substrate and Sipunculus larvae in the cup, and harvest the finished Sipunculus larvae after screening; Breeding results: survival rate 93.3%, harvest weight 1.16±0.11g / larva.

[0066] Example of effect

[0067] The methods of Examples 1-3 and the comparative example were used to cultivate Sipunculus nudus, and the results of the cultivation were compared and are shown in Table 1.

[0068] Table 1. Effects of different treatment groups on the breeding effect of Sipunculus nudus.

[0069] The results above show that the hybridization of *Avicennia marina*, *Avicennia gracilis*, *Rhizophora stylosa*, and *Sipunculus nudus* can improve the survival rate and growth rate of Sipunculus nudus. Among them, the hybridization of *Avicennia marina* has the best effect, with a survival rate of 100% and a growth and weight gain higher than the control group, indicating that the hybridization model of this invention can improve the breeding efficiency.

[0070] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that for those skilled in the art, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these improvements and modifications should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mangrove-derived Sipunculus nudus breeding pond, characterized in that, The aquaculture pond includes an aquaculture tank (1), a water storage tank (2), an aquaculture cup (3), a water circulation component (4), an aquaculture substrate (5), mangroves (6), a sewage outlet (7), an aquaculture support (8), a controller (9), and a water level monitoring device (10); wherein the water circulation component includes a water pump (4-1), an inlet pipe (4-2), and an overflow pipe (4-3); The breeding tank (1) is located on the breeding support (8). The breeding tank (1) is equipped with a breeding cup (3), a breeding substrate (5), mangrove (6), water inlet pipe (4-2), and overflow pipe (4-3). The water storage tank (2) is located under the aquaculture support (8), and the water storage tank (2) is equipped with a water circulation component (4), a sewage outlet (7), and a water level monitoring device (10). The controller (9) is connected to the water pump (4-1) in the water circulation assembly (4); The water pump (4-1) is connected to the water inlet pipe (4-2).

2. The mangrove-Sipunculus nudus culture pond according to claim 1, characterized in that, One end of the inlet pipe (4-2) is connected to the water pump (4-1), and the other end is connected to the breeding tank (1). One end of the overflow pipe (4-3) is connected to the breeding tank (1), and the other end is connected to the water storage tank (2). The inlet pipe (4-2) and the overflow pipe (4-3) are diagonally distributed.

3. The mangrove-Sipunculus nudus breeding pond according to claim 2, characterized in that, The water inlet pipe (4-2) connected to the breeding tank (1) is located at the edge of the breeding tank (1) and separated from the breeding substrate (5).

4. The mangrove-Sipunculus nudus breeding pond according to claim 3, characterized in that, The deepest part of the water inlet pipe (4-2) is 5-10 cm below the surface of the aquaculture substrate (5).

5. The mangrove-Sipunculus nudus breeding pond according to claim 2, characterized in that, The overflow pipe (4-3) connected to the breeding tank (1) is 10-15cm higher than the breeding substrate.

6. The mangrove-Sipunculus nudus breeding pond according to claim 1, characterized in that, The culture cup (3) has water passage holes with a diameter of 1~2mm evenly provided on the cup wall and bottom.

7. The mangrove-Sipunculus nudus breeding pond according to claim 1, characterized in that, The mouth of the culture cup (3) is 5-10cm higher than the culture substrate (5), and the culture cup (3) is filled with the culture substrate (5).

8. The method for culturing Sipunculus nudus in a mangrove-Sipunculus nudus rearing pond according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) The disinfected mudflats are laid in the aquaculture tank, and seawater is poured into the storage tank; (2) Insert the culture cups and mangroves into the culture substrate; (3) Place the palatable Sipunculid worms into the culture cup; (4) The water circulation components are controlled by a controller to simulate tides and water flow; (5) Test the water quality in the storage tank daily, feed the delicious Sipunculus nudus and observe its feeding and activity. Clean the sediment in the storage tank every 15-25 days. After 6 months of breeding, collect the delicious Sipunculus nudus.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, The planting density of the mangroves is 5-10 trees / m². 2 The aquaculture cup is inserted to a depth of 2 / 3 of its height, and the amount of mud in the aquaculture cup is 2 / 3 of its height.

10. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, When feeding Sipunculus nudus, feed once a day, 1 hour before the simulated high tide, and feed 3% to 5% of the initial body weight of the Sipunculus nudus.

Images