Preparation method and device of praseodymium monatomic supported tricobalt tetraoxide catalyst for electrolysis of water oxygen evolution

Abstract

The application discloses a preparation method and device of a praseodymium monatomic supported tricobalt tetraoxide catalyst for water electrolysis oxygen evolution, and belongs to the technical field of electrochemical catalytic materials, in particular to the following: a precursor solution is obtained by mixing and dissolving cobalt nitrate and praseodymium nitrate, is coated on the surface of a conductive substrate, is subjected to vacuum drying treatment to form a precursor film layer, is placed in an air atmosphere, is calcined at 300 DEG C to 400 DEG C for 1 to 3 hours, and is cooled to obtain a praseodymium monatomic supported tricobalt tetraoxide catalyst for water electrolysis oxygen evolution. In the absence of noble metals, the application realizes high activity and high stability comparable to noble metal catalysts, and provides a promising material system and solution for the low-cost and large-scale commercial application of proton exchange membrane water electrolysis technology.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of electrochemical catalytic materials technology, specifically relating to the preparation method and apparatus of praseodymium single-atom supported cobalt tetroxide catalyst for oxygen evolution in water electrolysis. Background Technology

[0002] Hydrogen energy, due to its high energy density and clean combustion products, is considered a key carrier for building a sustainable energy system. Among various hydrogen production technologies, proton exchange membrane (PEM) water electrolysis has become an important pathway for converting renewable energy electricity into high-purity hydrogen due to its compact system structure, rapid response, and high efficiency. However, the overall performance and durability of this technology are limited by the slow multi-electron transfer kinetics of the oxygen evolution reaction (OER) in acidic anodic environments and the highly corrosive operating environment. Developing an efficient and stable OER catalyst that can operate in acidic media is the core challenge for realizing the large-scale application of PEM water electrolysis.

[0003] Currently, high-performance acidic oxygen evolution reaction catalysts heavily rely on precious metals such as iridium and ruthenium. Their high cost and scarcity restrict the large-scale commercial application of water electrolysis oxygen production technology. Although non-precious metals such as cobalt-based oxides (especially spinel-type cobalt tetroxide) are considered potential alternatives due to their intrinsic activity and abundant reserves, their intrinsic activity under strongly acidic environments still lags significantly behind that of precious metal benchmarks. In particular, when achieving the high current densities required for industrial applications, they face challenges such as excessively high overpotentials and high energy consumption.

[0004] Transition metal oxides such as cobalt tetroxide generally suffer from insufficient stability in acidic media, mainly due to the dissolution of metal ions and structural collapse. More critically, the lattice oxygen mechanism introduced to overcome the theoretical overpotential limitation of traditional adsorbate evolution mechanisms, while improving theoretical activity, is often accompanied by the loss of lattice oxygen and the generation and migration of a large number of oxygen vacancies. This exacerbates the irreversible destruction of the catalyst structure, leading to rapid activity decay and creating a contradictory situation where "high activity" and "high stability" are difficult to achieve simultaneously.

[0005] Therefore, developing a non-precious metal acidic oxygen evolution reaction catalyst that combines high activity, high stability, and low cost, and elucidating the structure-activity relationship of achieving a controllable transformation of the reaction mechanism through structural design, is a key technical challenge that urgently needs to be overcome in this field. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the problems of high cost, low stability, and difficulty in controlling the reaction mechanism faced by existing noble metal and transition metal-based acidic oxygen evolution reaction catalysts in proton exchange membrane water electrolyzers, this invention provides a method and apparatus for preparing a praseodymium single-atom supported cobalt tetroxide catalyst for oxygen evolution in water electrolysis. With a raw material cost only 2.5% of that of commercial iridium oxide, it achieves high activity and high stability comparable to noble metal catalysts, providing a promising material system and solution for the low-cost and large-scale commercial application of proton exchange membrane water electrolysis technology.

[0007] The technical solution adopted in this invention is as follows:

[0008] The preparation method of praseodymium single-atom supported cobalt tetroxide catalyst for oxygen evolution in water electrolysis includes the following steps:

[0009] Step 1: Dissolve cobalt nitrate and praseodymium nitrate in a solvent and mix to obtain a precursor solution;

[0010] Step 2: The precursor solution is coated onto the surface of a conductive substrate and then vacuum dried to form a precursor film.

[0011] Step 3: Place the conductive substrate loaded with the precursor film in an air atmosphere and calcine it at 300℃~400℃ for 1~3 h, then cool it to obtain a praseodymium single-atom supported cobalt tetroxide catalyst for oxygen evolution in water electrolysis.

[0012] Further, the concentration of cobalt nitrate in the precursor solution in step 1 is 0.6~0.78 mmol / L, and the concentration of praseodymium nitrate is 0.033~0.0433 mmol / L.

[0013] Furthermore, the solvent mentioned in step 1 is deionized water.

[0014] Furthermore, the conductive substrate mentioned in step 2 is hydrophilic carbon paper TorayH060, or AvCarb raw carbon paper EP40H, EP55H, P50H, or P75H.

[0015] Furthermore, when the conductive substrate is hydrophilic carbon paper, a hydrophilic carbon paper pretreatment process is also included, specifically calcining in a muffle furnace at 400℃~500℃ for 1~3 h to improve the hydrophilicity of the carbon paper surface.

[0016] Furthermore, in step 2, the vacuum drying temperature is 50°C to 80°C, and the duration is 2 to 4 hours.

[0017] The present invention also proposes an electrolytic water oxygen evolution device based on a proton exchange membrane, specifically using the praseodymium single-atom supported cobalt tetroxide catalyst for electrolytic water oxygen evolution as the anode working electrode.

[0018] Furthermore, the cathode catalyst of the proton exchange membrane-based water electrolysis oxygen evolution device is a platinum / carbon catalyst or a platinum alloy catalyst, and the proton exchange membrane is a short-side-chain perfluorosulfonic acid membrane, a long-side-chain perfluorosulfonic acid membrane, or a commercially available non-fluorinated / hydrocarbon membrane.

[0019] Furthermore, the proton exchange membrane-based water electrolysis oxygen evolution device is designed based on an H-type electrolytic cell or a membrane electrode electrolytic cell.

[0020] Furthermore, the proton exchange membrane-based water electrolysis oxygen evolution device operates within a temperature range of 25℃ to 80℃.

[0021] Furthermore, the stability test of the proton exchange membrane-based water electrolysis oxygen evolution device is conducted using the constant current method, with the applied anodic working current density being 100~400 mA per square centimeter.

[0022] Furthermore, the water flow rate used in the proton exchange membrane-based water electrolysis oxygen evolution device is 10~20 mL / min.

[0023] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0024] 1. The preparation method and apparatus of praseodymium single-atom supported cobalt tetroxide catalyst for oxygen evolution in water electrolysis proposed in this invention achieve synergistic optimization in terms of activity, stability and cost control. Its comprehensive performance is significantly better than most reported non-precious metal catalysts. It provides a practical material solution and theoretical design example for proton exchange membrane water electrolysis technology to get rid of its dependence on precious metals and achieve low cost and high performance.

[0025] 2. In terms of cost, the core active components of the praseodymium single-atom supported cobalt tetroxide catalyst for oxygen evolution in water electrolysis obtained by the present invention are cobalt and praseodymium, which are abundant and inexpensive on Earth. According to the current market value, the cost of the key metal raw materials used in the catalyst of the present invention is only 2.5% of that of commercial iridium oxide catalyst, which makes the electrolysis system using the catalyst of the present invention highly competitive in the market throughout its entire life cycle.

[0026] 3. In terms of stability, the praseodymium single-atom supported cobalt tetroxide catalyst obtained in this invention for oxygen evolution in water electrolysis exhibits excellent durability. It has a stable operating capability of more than 200 hours under acidic environment and industrial-grade current density, which far exceeds that of non-precious metal catalysts reported to date. The decay rate is extremely low, which meets the stringent requirements for catalyst durability in industrial applications.

[0027] 4. In terms of catalytic activity, the praseodymium single-atom supported cobalt tetroxide catalyst obtained in this invention for use in water electrolysis for oxygen evolution can achieve an overpotential of 353 mV at an industrial reference current density of 10 mA / cm² in a standard acidic electrolyte of 1 mol / L. This performance level is comparable to that of some noble metal-based catalysts, successfully breaking through the "activity ceiling" that is common in non-noble metal catalysts in acidic oxygen evolution reactions, and setting a new performance benchmark for non-noble metal systems.

[0028] 5. In terms of preparation process, this invention overcomes the difficulties of complicated steps and harsh conditions in the synthesis of high-performance catalysts. It has the advantages of simple process, mild conditions, high reproducibility, and significantly reduced production costs. It has good repeatability and scalability, laying a solid and reliable preparation foundation for the large-scale production of catalysts and the large-scale commercial application of proton exchange membrane electrolyzers. Attached Figure Description

[0029] Figure 1 This is a high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscope image of the praseodymium single-atom supported cobalt tetroxide catalyst for oxygen evolution in water electrolysis obtained in Example 1 of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 2 The elemental distribution results of the praseodymium single-atom supported cobalt tetroxide catalyst for oxygen evolution in water electrolysis obtained in Example 1 of this invention are obtained by spherical aberration corrected scanning transmission electron microscopy.

[0031] Figure 3 This is a scanning electron microscope image of the praseodymium single-atom supported cobalt tetroxide catalyst for oxygen evolution in water electrolysis obtained in Example 1 of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 4 The X-ray diffraction pattern of the praseodymium single-atom supported cobalt tetroxide catalyst for oxygen evolution in water electrolysis obtained in Example 1 of this invention;

[0033] Figure 5 Linear sweep voltammetric curves of the praseodymium single-atom supported cobalt tetroxide catalyst obtained in Example 1 of the present invention and the cobalt tetroxide catalyst without praseodymium obtained in Comparative Example 1 in the acidic water electrolysis reaction for oxygen evolution in an H-type electrolytic cell.

[0034] Figure 6 The constant current stability test diagrams of the praseodymium single-atom supported cobalt tetroxide catalyst for oxygen evolution in water electrolysis obtained in Example 1 of the present invention and the cobalt tetroxide catalyst without praseodymium obtained in Comparative Example 1 in the acidic water electrolysis oxygen evolution reaction in an H-type electrolytic cell are shown.

[0035] Figure 7The accelerated stability test results based on 1,000 cyclic voltammetry tests are shown for the acidic water electrolysis oxygen evolution reaction in an H-type electrolytic cell between the praseodymium single-atom supported cobalt tetroxide catalyst obtained in Example 1 of the present invention and the cobalt tetroxide catalyst without praseodymium obtained in Comparative Example 1.

[0036] Figure 8 This is a linear sweep voltammetric curve of the praseodymium single-atom supported cobalt tetroxide catalyst obtained in Example 2 of the present invention in the acidic water electrolysis and oxygen evolution reaction in an H-type electrolytic cell;

[0037] Figure 9 This is a linear sweep voltammetric curve of the praseodymium single-atom supported cobalt tetroxide catalyst for oxygen evolution in water electrolysis obtained in Example 3 of the present invention in an H-type electrolytic cell.

[0038] Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the proton exchange membrane-based water electrolysis oxygen evolution device proposed in Embodiment 4 of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 11 This is a current density-voltage curve of the oxygen evolution reaction in water electrolysis at 25°C for the proton exchange membrane-based water electrolysis oxygen evolution device in Embodiment 4 of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 12 This is a constant current stability test diagram of the oxygen evolution reaction of water electrolysis based on a proton exchange membrane in Embodiment 4 of the present invention at 25°C.

[0041] Figure 13 This is a current density-voltage curve of the oxygen evolution reaction in water electrolysis at 80°C for the proton exchange membrane-based oxygen evolution device in Embodiment 5 of the present invention.

[0042] Figure 14 This is a constant current stability test diagram of the oxygen evolution reaction of water electrolysis based on a proton exchange membrane in Embodiment 5 of the present invention at 80°C. Detailed Implementation

[0043] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments and accompanying drawings. The illustrative embodiments and descriptions of the present invention are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0044] Example 1

[0045] This embodiment proposes a method for preparing a praseodymium single-atom supported cobalt tetroxide catalyst for oxygen evolution in water electrolysis, comprising the following steps:

[0046] Step 1: Mix 25 μL of praseodymium nitrate solution (0.4 mmol / mL) with 225 μL of cobalt nitrate solution (0.8 mmol / mL) and sonicate in an ultrasonic machine for 1-2 h to obtain a homogeneous precursor solution.

[0047] Step 2: Cut the purchased hydrophilic carbon paper into 1×2 square centimeter sheets, place them in a muffle furnace, and calcine them at 450°C for 2 hours to increase the hydrophilicity of the surface of the hydrophilic carbon paper, thus obtaining the pretreated conductive carbon substrate.

[0048] Step 3: Mix 250 μL of precursor solution and spray it evenly onto the surface of the conductive carbon substrate using a spray gun.

[0049] Step 4: Dry the uniformly coated conductive carbon substrate in a vacuum oven at 60°C to form a precursor film.

[0050] Step 5: Place the precursor film in a muffle furnace and calcine it at 400℃ for 2 h. After the muffle furnace cools down, a praseodymium single-atom supported cobalt tetroxide catalyst for oxygen evolution in water electrolysis is obtained.

[0051] The structure of the praseodymium single-atom supported cobalt tetroxide catalyst for oxygen evolution in water electrolysis obtained in this embodiment is characterized below.

[0052] Figure 1 The image shown is a high-angle annular dark-field scanning transmission electron microscope image of the praseodymium single-atom supported cobalt tetroxide catalyst for oxygen evolution in water electrolysis obtained in this embodiment. Its lattice spacing is consistent with the (111) crystal plane of cobalt tetroxide, indicating that it maintains the original spinel structure of cobalt tetroxide, and the praseodymium element is uniformly dispersed on the surface of the cobalt tetroxide matrix in the form of single atoms.

[0053] Figure 2 The scanning transmission electron microscopy elemental distribution results of the praseodymium single-atom supported cobalt tetroxide catalyst for oxygen evolution in water electrolysis obtained in this embodiment further confirm that praseodymium single atoms are uniformly and independently dispersed and loaded on the surface of the cobalt tetroxide matrix.

[0054] Figure 3 This is a scanning electron microscope image of the praseodymium single-atom supported cobalt tetroxide catalyst for oxygen evolution in water electrolysis obtained in this embodiment. It can be seen that the praseodymium single-atom supported cobalt tetroxide catalyst is uniformly supported on carbon fibers.

[0055] Figure 4 The image shows the X-ray electron diffraction pattern of the praseodymium single-atom supported cobalt tetroxide catalyst obtained in this embodiment for oxygen evolution in water electrolysis, and is compared with the standard PDF card of cobalt tetroxide, indicating that the cobalt tetroxide matrix was successfully synthesized.

[0056] Comparative Example 1

[0057] This comparative example prepared a cobalt tetroxide catalyst without praseodymium single atoms. The preparation process differed from that in Example 1 only in that the precursor solution in step 1 did not contain praseodymium nitrate solution. The remaining steps remained unchanged.

[0058] The catalytic performance of the praseodymium single-atom supported cobalt tetroxide catalyst obtained in Example 1 for oxygen evolution in water electrolysis and the cobalt tetroxide catalyst without praseodymium single atoms obtained in Comparative Example 1 were tested in an H-type electrolytic cell. The prepared catalysts were used as the working anode, the platinum / carbon electrode as the counter electrode, and the mercury / mercurous sulfate electrode as the reference electrode. The electrolyte was a 1 mol / L perchloric acid aqueous solution.

[0059] The catalytic activity of the catalyst was tested using a scanning linear voltammetry method, with an applied voltage range of 0.4–1.4 V. The stability of the catalyst was tested using a constant current method, with an applied current density of 10 mA / cm². The catalytic activity and stability of the catalyst were analyzed based on data recorded by an electrochemical workstation.

[0060] Figure 5 The linear sweep voltammetric curves of the praseodymium single-atom supported cobalt tetroxide catalyst obtained in Example 1 and the praseodymium-free cobalt tetroxide catalyst obtained in Comparative Example 1 for the acidic water electrolysis and oxygen evolution reaction in an H-type electrolyzer show that at a current density of 10 mA / cm², the potential of the praseodymium single-atom supported cobalt tetroxide catalyst is 1.58 V (relative to the reversible hydrogen electrode), and its corresponding overpotential is 353 mV. This is better than the 1.69 V (relative to the reversible hydrogen electrode) and 460 mV overpotential of the cobalt tetroxide catalyst without praseodymium, with a reduction of 110 mV in overpotential, indicating a significant improvement in activity.

[0061] Figure 6 The graph shows the constant current stability test results of the praseodymium single-atom supported cobalt tetroxide catalyst obtained in Example 1 and the cobalt tetroxide catalyst without praseodymium obtained in Comparative Example 1 in an acidic water electrolysis reaction in an H-type electrolyzer. The praseodymium single-atom supported cobalt tetroxide catalyst can operate stably for more than 225 hours in 1 mole per liter of perchloric acid at a current density of 10 mA per square centimeter, which is much longer than the stability test time of the cobalt tetroxide catalyst without praseodymium, thus meeting the harsh acidic environment of the proton exchange membrane water electrolysis reaction.

[0062] Figure 7The results of accelerated stability tests based on 1,000 cyclic voltammetry tests were conducted on the praseodymium-supported cobalt tetroxide catalyst obtained in Example 1 and the praseodymium-free cobalt tetroxide catalyst obtained in Comparative Example 1 for the acidic water electrolysis and oxygen evolution reaction in an H-type electrolytic cell. The working voltage range of the cyclic voltammetry test was 0.5~1.1V, and the scan rate was 50mV / s. After 1,000 cycles of cyclic voltammetry tests, the linear voltammetry test results of the praseodymium-supported cobalt tetroxide catalyst showed almost no decay compared to the test results of the cobalt tetroxide catalyst without praseodymium, further confirming the superior stability of the praseodymium-supported cobalt tetroxide catalyst.

[0063] Example 2

[0064] This embodiment proposes a method for preparing a praseodymium single-atom supported cobalt tetroxide catalyst for oxygen evolution in water electrolysis. The preparation process differs from that in Example 1 only in that the step 5, "calcining at 400°C for 2 h", is changed to "calcining at 300°C for 2 h". The remaining steps remain unchanged.

[0065] The catalytic performance of the praseodymium single-atom supported cobalt tetroxide catalyst obtained in this embodiment for oxygen evolution in water electrolysis was tested under the same conditions as in Example 1.

[0066] Figure 8 The linear sweep voltammetry curve of the praseodymium single-atom supported cobalt tetroxide catalyst obtained in this embodiment for oxygen evolution in water electrolysis in an H-type electrolyzer is shown. It can be seen that at the international standard current density of 10 mA per square centimeter, the potential in this embodiment is 1.621 volts (relative to the reversible hydrogen electrode), and the corresponding overpotential is 391 mV, which demonstrates the excellent catalytic activity of the catalyst.

[0067] Example 3

[0068] This embodiment proposes a method for preparing a praseodymium single-atom supported cobalt tetroxide catalyst for oxygen evolution in water electrolysis. The preparation process differs from that in Example 1 only in that the step 5, "calcining at 400°C for 2 h", is changed to "calcining at 350°C for 2 h". The remaining steps remain unchanged.

[0069] The catalytic performance of the praseodymium single-atom supported cobalt tetroxide catalyst obtained in this embodiment for oxygen evolution in water electrolysis was tested under the same conditions as in Example 1.

[0070] Figure 9The linear sweep voltammetry curve of the praseodymium single-atom supported cobalt tetroxide catalyst obtained in this embodiment for oxygen evolution in water electrolysis in an H-type electrolyzer shows that the voltage is 1.59 volts (relative to the reversible hydrogen electrode) at the international standard current density of 10 mA per square centimeter, demonstrating the excellent catalytic activity of the catalyst.

[0071] Example 4

[0072] This embodiment provides a proton exchange membrane-based water electrolysis oxygen evolution device, the structure of which is as follows: Figure 10 As shown, a membrane electrode configuration is adopted, which includes, in sequence, an anode plate, a waterproof gasket, a praseodymium single-atom supported cobalt tetroxide catalyst for oxygen evolution in water electrolysis as the anode working electrode, a perfluorosulfonic acid membrane as a proton exchange membrane, a platinum / carbon catalyst as the cathode, a gasket, and a cathode plate; wherein, the anode plate has an inlet and outlet for the electrolyte, and the electrolyte is a pure aqueous solution; the liquid flow rate of the electrolyte is 10~20 mL / min; the cathode plate has an outlet for cathode gas, and the gas produced by the cathode is hydrogen gas.

[0073] The temperature set in this embodiment is 25°C, and the current density range is 100~400 mA per square centimeter.

[0074] Figure 11 This is a current density-voltage curve of the oxygen evolution reaction in water electrolysis based on the proton exchange membrane in this embodiment at 25°C. It can be seen that when the device reaches a high current density of 100 and 200 mA per square centimeter, the cell voltage of the electrolyzer is only 1.84 volts and 1.974 volts, respectively, showing excellent practical potential.

[0075] Figure 12 This is a constant current stability test diagram of the proton exchange membrane-based water electrolysis oxygen evolution device in this embodiment at 25°C. Under a high current density of 200 mA / cm², the device can operate continuously and stably for more than 250 hours, demonstrating excellent durability. It overcomes the degradation problem of non-precious metal catalysts in acidic water electrolysis hydrogen production processes and meets the requirements of industrial applications.

[0076] Example 5

[0077] This embodiment provides an oxygen evolution device for water electrolysis based on a proton exchange membrane. The structure is the same as in Embodiment 3, except that the set temperature is adjusted to 80°C. All other structures and conditions remain unchanged.

[0078] Figure 13This is a current density-voltage curve of the oxygen evolution reaction in water electrolysis based on the proton exchange membrane in this embodiment at 80°C. When the device reaches a high current density of 100, 200 and 400 mA per square centimeter, the cell voltage of the electrolyzer is only 1.745 volts, 1.799 volts and 2.04 volts, respectively, demonstrating excellent practical potential.

[0079] Figure 14 This is a constant current stability test diagram of the proton exchange membrane-based water electrolysis oxygen evolution device in this embodiment at 80°C. Under a high current density of 200 mA / cm², the device can still operate continuously and stably for more than 200 hours, demonstrating excellent durability. It overcomes the degradation problem of non-precious metal catalysts in acidic water electrolysis hydrogen production processes and meets the requirements of industrial applications.

[0080] It should be noted that this is merely a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, and within the spirit and principles of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for preparing a praseodymium single-atom supported cobalt tetroxide catalyst for oxygen evolution in water electrolysis, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: Step 1: Dissolve cobalt nitrate and praseodymium nitrate in a solvent and mix to obtain a precursor solution; Step 2: The precursor solution is coated onto the surface of a conductive substrate and then vacuum dried to form a precursor film. Step 3: Place the conductive substrate loaded with the precursor film in an air atmosphere and calcine it at 300℃~400℃ for 1~3h. After cooling, obtain the praseodymium single-atom supported cobalt tetroxide catalyst for oxygen evolution in water electrolysis.

2. The method for preparing the praseodymium single-atom supported cobalt tetroxide catalyst for oxygen evolution in water electrolysis according to claim 1, characterized in that, The concentration of cobalt nitrate in the precursor solution described in step 1 is 0.6~0.78 mmol / L, and the concentration of praseodymium nitrate is 0.033~0.0433 mmol / L.

3. The method for preparing the praseodymium single-atom supported cobalt tetroxide catalyst for oxygen evolution in water electrolysis according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conductive substrate mentioned in step 2 is hydrophilic carbon paper or raw carbon paper.

4. The method for preparing the praseodymium single-atom supported cobalt tetroxide catalyst for oxygen evolution in water electrolysis according to claim 3, characterized in that, When the conductive substrate is hydrophilic carbon paper, a hydrophilic carbon paper pretreatment process is also included, specifically calcining in a muffle furnace at 400℃~500℃ for 1~3 h to improve the hydrophilicity of the carbon paper surface.

5. The method for preparing the praseodymium single-atom supported cobalt tetroxide catalyst for oxygen evolution in water electrolysis according to claim 1, characterized in that, In step 2, the vacuum drying temperature is 50°C to 80°C, and the duration is 2 to 4 hours.

6. A proton exchange membrane-based water electrolysis oxygen evolution device, characterized in that, The device uses the praseodymium single-atom supported cobalt tetroxide catalyst for oxygen evolution in water electrolysis, obtained by the preparation method described in any one of claims 1 to 5, as the anode working electrode.

7. The proton exchange membrane-based water electrolysis oxygen evolution device according to claim 6, characterized in that, The device operates within a temperature range of 25℃ to 80℃.

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