A management system for promoting the growth of sclerotia of sclerotinia yunnanensis in a pinus oocarpa plantation

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of puffball propagation technology in Yunnan and discloses a management system for promoting puffball propagation in Yunnan Pinus kesina plantations. The system includes a data acquisition module, a stand structure assessment module, a growth assessment module, and a propagation management module. The stand structure assessment module constructs the stand structure coefficient of the corresponding block of Pinus kesina plantation by reading the environmental data of the current Pinus kesina plantation, and simultaneously transmits the constructed stand structure coefficient to the propagation management module. This system simultaneously collects data on the aboveground stand environment and the underground soil environment, as well as all key parameters related to the host and symbiotic fungi. Through a forest block correction unit, it integrates sky visibility, litter conditions, and the dispersion of Pinus kesina diameter at breast height, ensuring the visualization and quantification of parameters during the cultivation of Yunnan puffball. It also promptly reminds planting staff to adjust the stand structure and correct growth deviations in puffball, improving seedling survival rate, stand stability, puffball yield, and quality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of Yunnan puffball propagation technology, specifically a management system for promoting the propagation of Yunnan puffball in plantations of Pinus sylvestris. Background Technology

[0002] To date, 21 species of the genus *Calabash* have been discovered in China. Most species in this genus are poisonous and inedible. Yunnan puffball (*Calabash yunnanensis*) Scleroderma yunnanense *Calvatia yunnanensis*, belonging to the family Lycoperdaceae and the genus *Calvatia*, is distributed in the tropical and subtropical regions of Yunnan Province and is endemic to my country. It is edible and is the only edible *Calvatia* species in the world. Its fruiting body is rich in minerals, protein, crude fiber, and crude fat, as well as abundant amino acids. It is a common wild mushroom in local mushroom markets in Yunnan, China, prized for its delicious flavor and high nutritional value. Pine trees are the main building species in temperate forests of the Northern Hemisphere and are also important afforestation and timber species in my country. Among them, *Pinus yunnanensis* and *Pinus simaoense*, which are the main building species in southwestern my country, especially in Yunnan, face challenges in afforestation, including low seedling survival rates, poor quality of plantations, and low forest stability. *Calamus yunnanensis*, the only edible species of *Calamus yunnanensis* in China, grows in coniferous and mixed forests. It is a mycorrhizal fungus that lives in symbiosis with various plants and is an endemic species within the *Calamus yunnanensis* genus. Due to the low yield and relatively limited distribution of wild *Calamus yunnanensis*, artificial propagation is necessary to meet the growing market demand. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a management system for the propagation and management of Yunnan puffball in Pinus sylvestris plantations. This system has advantages such as monitoring and managing the growth environment of Yunnan puffball in Pinus sylvestris plantations, thus solving the aforementioned technical problems.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a propagation and management system for *Pinus yunnanensis* plantations, comprising a data acquisition module, a stand structure assessment module, a growth assessment module, a propagation management module, and a management assessment module; The data acquisition module is used to acquire the current environmental data of the Pinus sylvestris plantation and the current soil environmental data of the Yunnan puffball plantation, as well as the corresponding historical data and store them in the planting database. The stand structure assessment module reads the environmental data of the current Pinus sylvestris plantation from the planting database to construct the stand structure coefficient of the corresponding block of Pinus sylvestris plantation, and transmits the constructed stand structure coefficient to the propagation management module. After reading the forest stand structure coefficient, the propagation management module determines whether to issue the first propagation management command, and executes the first propagation management strategy after issuing the first propagation management command. The growth assessment module is invoked after the staff updates the planting database upon reaching the collection cycle or after the first propagation management instruction is issued. It constructs the growth deviation coefficient of Yunnan puffball for the corresponding block by reading the current soil environment data of Yunnan puffball planting based on the planting database, and transmits the constructed growth deviation coefficient of Yunnan puffball to the propagation management module. After reading the growth deviation coefficient of Yunnan hard-skinned puffball, the propagation management module determines whether to issue a second propagation management instruction, and executes the second propagation management strategy after the second propagation management instruction is issued. The management evaluation module is invoked after the first or second breeding promotion management strategy is issued. It evaluates the blocks improved by the first or second breeding promotion management strategy, outputs the first evaluation coefficient or the second evaluation coefficient respectively, and determines whether to issue an early warning and intervene again.

[0005] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the forest stand structure assessment module includes a Pinus sylvestris health assessment unit and a forest block correction unit; The Simao pine health assessment unit is based on the first A health assessment was conducted based on environmental data of Pinus sylvestris in each block, and the first... The health deviation coefficient of the first block, the forest block correction unit is based on the first block. The degree of deviation in the growth of Pinus sylvestris in each block was used to construct the first... The stand correction coefficient for the [number] block, the stand structure assessment module obtains the [number]th [block's] [factory correction coefficient]. The health deviation coefficient of the first block and the first The forest stand correction coefficients of each block were then used to construct the weighted average of the first block. The stand structure coefficient of Pinus sylvestris plantations in each block.

[0006] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the first The stand correction factor for each block is obtained through the first... The deviation rate of sky openness in each block and the first The deviation rate of the dispersion of the diameter at breast height of Pinus koraiensis in each block was calculated by weighted average.

[0007] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the first The deviation rate of sky visibility for each block is specifically the first... The absolute value of the difference between the sky openness of each block and the standard sky openness is obtained by comparing it with the standard sky openness. Sky openness of each block The methods for obtaining it are as follows: Step A1: In the Each block is arranged in an equidistant manner. Each sampling point is used to capture a hemispherical image using a fisheye lens mounted on the sampling device. Step A2: For the first The hemispherical images obtained from each sampling point are standardized. Step A3: After standardization, for the first... The hemispherical image obtained from each sampling point is binarized. Step A4: Construct the first... Block number Sky openness at each sampling point Specifically, the first Block number The number of pixels in the bright area of ​​the sampling point is related to the number of pixels in the sampling point. Block number Compare the total number of pixels at each sampling point; Step A5: Construct the first Sky openness of each block Specifically, for the first Block number Sky openness at each sampling point The summation yields the values.

[0008] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the first The deviation rate of the dispersion of the diameter at breast height of Pinus simonii in each block is specifically as follows: The ratio of the absolute value of the difference between the diameter at breast height (DBH) dispersion of Pinus sylvestris in each block and the standard value of DBH dispersion of Pinus sylvestris in Pinus sylvestris to the standard value of DBH dispersion of Pinus sylvestris in Pinus sylvestris. The first Dispersion of diameter at breast height (DBH) of Pinus simaoides in each block The methods for obtaining it are as follows: Step B1: Sample and measure the first The total number of blocks The diameter at breast height of one *Pinus simonii* tree; Step B2: Obtain the first Mean diameter at breast height (DBH) of Pinus simonii in each block ; Step B3: Construct the first Standard deviation of diameter at breast height (DBH) of Pinus simaoides in each block ; Step B4: Construct the first step based on steps B1 to B3. Breast diameter dispersion of each block Specifically, the first Standard deviation of diameter at breast height (DBH) of Pinus simaoides in each block With the Mean diameter at breast height (DBH) of Pinus simonii in each block The ratio of .

[0009] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the forest block correction unit is based on the first The degree of deviation in the growth of Pinus sylvestris in each block was used to construct the first... The stand correction factor for each block, specifically including the first block. The deviation rate of litter thickness in the first block and the first The mean of the litter patch boundary density deviation rate of each block; The first The deviation rate of the litter thickness in each block is specifically the first... The average thickness of litter in each block and except for the first block Deviation rate of the average thickness of litter in blocks other than the specified block; The first The mean of the litter patch boundary density deviation rate for each block is specifically the... The deviation rate of litter patch boundary density from the historical mean litter patch boundary density of each block; The first Average thickness of litter in each block The construction steps are as follows: at the sampling points, the sampling device acquires the first... The distance from the vertical position of the sampling point of each block is used to calculate the height of the debris at the corresponding sampling point, and the difference between this height and the initial height is used to obtain the debris thickness at that sampling point. This process is repeated for the next block. The sampling points of each block are traversed to obtain the thickness of all litter, and the summation of these values ​​yields the mean of the litter thickness. Average thickness of litter in each block ; The first Deposition density of litter patches in each area The construction steps are as follows: obtain the first sample through the sampling device. Images of the surface litter cover status of each patch were generated, and binary images were extracted and output. The outer boundary of the same patch contour was extracted to obtain the contour pixel length. The lengths of all contour pixel lengths were summed and proportionally mapped to the actual length. The summation yielded the length of the first patch. The total length of the litter patch boundary of the first block, and its relationship with the first block. After comparing the unit areas of each block, we obtain the first... Deposition density of litter patches in each area .

[0010] As a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the growth assessment module includes a soil nutrient deviation assessment unit and a soil correction assessment unit. The soil nutrient deviation assessment unit constructs a soil correction assessment unit based on the current soil environmental data of *Lycoperdon perlatum* cultivation in the planting database. The soil nutrient composition deviation assessment coefficient of each block, the soil correction assessment unit is constructed based on the current Yunnan puffball planting soil environment data in the planting database. The soil correction factor for the [number] block is obtained by the growth assessment module. The soil nutrient composition deviation assessment coefficient of each block and the first After considering the soil correction coefficients of each block, the first [section / area] is constructed. The growth deviation coefficient of Yunnan hard-skinned puffball in each block is expressed as follows: in, Indicates the first The growth deviation coefficient of Yunnan hard-skinned puffball in each block Indicates the first The soil nutrient composition deviation assessment coefficient for each block Indicates the first Soil correction factor for each block, and Represents the weighting coefficient, and , , This indicates that the growth assessment module is invoked after the first propagation management instruction is issued. (This is achieved through the introduction of...) This indicates that the growth assessment module is invoked after staff update the planting database upon reaching the data collection cycle. This represents the influence coefficient.

[0011] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the first The soil nutrient deviation assessment coefficient for each block is specifically the first... The first block The mean of the deviation rate of soil nutrients, the first Soil correction factor for each block The deviation rate between the average total number of fungal species during the planting process of each block and the average total number of fungal species during historical planting processes.

[0012] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the propagation management module includes a Pinus sylvestris plantation management unit, wherein the Pinus sylvestris plantation management unit receives the first The judgment is made based on the forest stand structure coefficient of each block. If the first block... The stand structure coefficient of each block exceeds the preset stand structure threshold. At that time, the first propagation management instruction is issued, and the first propagation management strategy is implemented by marking the first propagation management point on the pre-established forest area map. The system is divided into blocks, displaying patches of litter in each area. Staff members intervene and manage the plantation of Pinus simonii. After the intervention is completed, a preset countdown period begins. After the countdown ends, the management evaluation module is called to evaluate the blocks improved by the first propagation management strategy and outputs the first evaluation coefficient. Based on the first evaluation coefficient, it is determined whether a second intervention is needed.

[0013] As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the propagation management module includes a Yunnan hard-skinned puffball management unit, which receives the first... The judgment is made based on the growth deviation coefficient of the first block. If the first block... The growth deviation coefficient of each block exceeds the preset growth deviation threshold. When the time comes, a second propagation management instruction is issued, and the second propagation management strategy is implemented by marking the first propagation management point on the pre-established forest area map. In each block, staff are alerted to soil anomalies and given management tips. Staff then intervene and manage the Simao pine plantation. After the intervention is completed, a preset countdown period begins. After the countdown ends, the management evaluation module is invoked to evaluate the blocks improved by the second propagation management strategy and output a second evaluation coefficient. Based on the second evaluation coefficient, it is determined whether a second intervention is needed.

[0014] Compared with existing technologies, this invention provides a propagation and management system for *Pinus yunnanensis* plantations, which has the following beneficial effects: This invention simultaneously collects data on the aboveground forest stand environment and the underground soil environment, as well as all key parameters required by the host and symbiotic fungi. By integrating sky openness, litter conditions, and diameter at breast height dispersion of Pinus sylvestris 'Symplocos' through forest block correction units, it ensures the visualization and specific quantification of parameters during the cultivation of Puffballa 'Yunnan'. This provides a quantitative reference for the cultivation of Puffballa 'Yunnan', and can also promptly remind planting staff to adjust the forest stand structure and correct growth deviations of Puffballa 'Yunnan', thereby improving seedling survival rate, forest stand stability, and the yield and quality of Puffballa 'Yunnan'. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the sampling device of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the system framework of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0016] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0017] Please see Figures 1-2 A propagation and management system for Yunnan puffball plantations of Pinus sylvestris var. yunnanensis includes a data acquisition module, a stand structure assessment module, a growth assessment module, a propagation management module, and a management assessment module. The data acquisition module is used to acquire current environmental data of Pinus sylvestris plantations and current soil environmental data of Lycoperdon perlatum planting in Yunnan, as well as corresponding historical data and store them in the planting database; The stand structure assessment module reads the environmental data of the current Pinus sylvestris plantation from the planting database to construct the stand structure coefficient of the corresponding block of Pinus sylvestris plantation, and at the same time transmits the constructed stand structure coefficient to the propagation management module. After reading the forest stand structure coefficient, the propagation management module determines whether to issue the first propagation management command, and executes the first propagation management strategy after issuing the first propagation management command. The growth assessment module is invoked after staff update the planting database upon reaching the collection cycle or after the first propagation management instruction is issued. It constructs the growth deviation coefficient of Yunnan puffball for the corresponding block by reading the current soil environment data of Yunnan puffball planting based on the planting database, and transmits the constructed growth deviation coefficient of Yunnan puffball to the propagation management module. After reading the growth deviation coefficient of Yunnan hard-skinned puffball, the propagation management module determines whether to issue a second propagation management instruction. After the second propagation management instruction is issued, the second propagation management strategy is executed. The management evaluation module is invoked after the first or second breeding management strategy is issued. It evaluates the blocks improved by the first or second breeding management strategy, outputs the first evaluation coefficient or the second evaluation coefficient respectively, and determines whether to issue an early warning and intervene again.

[0018] The stand structure assessment module includes a Pinus sylvestris health assessment unit and a stand block correction unit; Simao pine health assessment unit is based on the first A health assessment was conducted based on environmental data of Pinus sylvestris in each block, and the first... The health deviation coefficient of each block, the forest block correction unit is based on the first block. The degree of deviation in the growth of Pinus sylvestris in each block was used to construct the first... The stand correction factor for the [number] block; the stand structure assessment module obtains the [number]th [block's] [number]. The health deviation coefficient of the first block and the first After considering the stand correction coefficients of each block, the first [section / area] is constructed. The stand structure coefficient of the Pinus sylvestris plantation in each block is expressed as follows: in, Indicates the first Health deviation coefficient of each block Indicates the first Forest stand correction factor for each block Indicates the first The stand structure coefficient of Pinus sylvestris plantations in each block and Represents the weighting coefficient, and .

[0019] Simao pine health assessment unit is based on the first A health assessment was conducted based on environmental data of Pinus sylvestris in each block, and the first... The specific expression for the health deviation coefficient of each block is as follows: in, Indicates the first The sky openness of each block, Indicates standard sky openness. This represents the standard value of the dispersion of diameter at breast height (DBH) of Pinus simaoides. Indicates the first The dispersion of the diameter at breast height (DBH) of Pinus simonii in the first block, through the first... The ratio of the standard deviation to the mean of the diameter at breast height (DBH) of Pinus sylvestris in each block was obtained. Represents absolute value. ; For the Sky openness of each block The methods for obtaining it are as follows: Step A1: In the Each block is arranged in an equidistant manner. Each sampling point is used to capture a hemispherical image using a fisheye lens mounted on the sampling device. See the appendix for details of the specific sampling device. Figure 1 ; Step A2: For the first The hemispherical image obtained from each sampling point is standardized, specifically including grayscale conversion; Step A3: After standardization, for the first... The hemispherical image obtained from each sampling point is binarized, with the sky set as the bright area (i.e., pixel = 1) and the canopy as the dark area (i.e., pixel = 0), and the number of pixels in all bright areas is counted. Step A4: Construct the first... Block number Sky openness at each sampling point The specific expression is as follows: in, Indicates the first Block number The number of pixels in the bright area of ​​each sampling point Indicates the first Block number The total number of pixels in each sampling point; Step A5: Construct the first Sky openness of each block The specific expression is as follows: in, The summation is calculated by taking images of the forest canopy from below, and the ratio of sky pixels to total pixels is used to characterize the openness of the forest canopy and the degree of light heterogeneity. When this ratio increases, it indicates that the canopy's shading of the forest canopy space is reduced, and the light, humidity and ventilation conditions under the forest canopy show more obvious spatial differences, which is conducive to the formation of Yunnan puffball fruiting bodies. For the Dispersion of diameter at breast height (DBH) of Pinus simaoides in each block The methods for obtaining it are as follows: Step B1: Sample and measure the first The total number of blocks A pine tree with a diameter at breast height, here The value is not fixed. When performing actual measurements, those skilled in the art can adaptively determine the number of trees to be measured based on the area of ​​the block. The larger the block area, the more trees to be measured. During the measurement, the trunk image can be captured by a mobile terminal and the diameter at breast height (DBH) data can be automatically obtained by combining image recognition, or the measurement can be performed manually. There are no limitations on the measurement method. Step B2: Obtain the first The mean diameter at breast height (DBH) of Pinus sylvestris in each block is expressed as follows: in, Indicates the first The mean diameter at breast height (DBH) of Pinus sylvestris in each block, Indicates the first The first block The diameter at breast height (DBH) of a single Pinus simonii tree at the same height above the ground; Step B3: Construct the first The standard deviation of the diameter at breast height (DBH) of Pinus simonii in each block is expressed as follows: in, Indicates the first Standard deviation of diameter at breast height (DBH) of Pinus simonii in each block; Step B4: Construct the first step based on steps B1 to B3. Breast diameter dispersion of each block The specific expression is as follows: The diameter at breast height (DBH) dispersion is used to reflect the differences in individual stand size. An increase in its value will also enhance the spatial heterogeneity of the distribution of light patches and litter under the forest, promoting the growth and propagation of Yunnan puffball. Therefore, the sky pixel ratio and DBH dispersion are consistent in the direction of propagation effect and can both be used as parameters to characterize the degree of enhancement of stand structure heterogeneity. They can be used to determine stand structure regulation strategies through joint evaluation.

[0020] Forest block correction unit based on the first The degree of deviation in the growth of Pinus sylvestris in each block was used to construct the first... Forest stand correction factor for each block The specific expression is as follows: in, Indicates except the first Average thickness of debris in blocks other than the specified block. Indicates the first Average thickness of litter in each block, This represents the mean density at the boundary of historical litter patches. Indicates the first Depth of litter patches at the boundaries of individual areas Represents absolute value. Indicates the first The boundary density of litter patches in each area has the dimension of m / m. 2 =m 1 This reflects the frequency of boundary occurrence within a unit area. Furthermore, since the total area of ​​the block is the actual carrying space for the ecological effects of the patch boundary, it can ensure that the boundary density of different blocks, at different times, and under different management conditions is comparable and stable. For the Average thickness of litter in each block The construction steps are as follows: at the sampling points, the sampling device acquires the first... The distance from the vertical position of the sampling point of each block is used to calculate the height of the debris at the corresponding sampling point, and the difference between this height and the initial height is used to obtain the debris thickness at that sampling point. This process is repeated for the next block. The sampling points of each block are traversed to obtain the thickness of all litter, and the summation of these values ​​yields the mean of the litter thickness. Average thickness of litter in each block ; For the Deposition density of litter patches in each area The construction steps are as follows: obtain the first sample through the sampling device. Images of the surface litter cover status of each patch were generated, and binary images were extracted and output. The outer boundary of the same patch contour was extracted to obtain the contour pixel length. The lengths of all contour pixel lengths were summed and proportionally mapped to the actual length. The summation yielded the length of the first patch. The total length of the litter patch boundary of the first block, and its relationship with the first block. After comparing the unit areas of each block, we obtain the first... Deposition density of litter patches in each area ; The propagation management module includes the Simao pine plantation management unit. The Simao pine plantation management unit receives the first... The judgment is made based on the forest stand structure coefficient of each block. If the first block... The stand structure coefficient of each block exceeds the preset stand structure threshold. At that time, the first propagation management instruction is issued, and the first propagation management strategy is implemented by marking the first propagation management point on the pre-established forest area map. The system is divided into several blocks, displaying patches of litter in each area. Staff members manage and intervene in the *Pinus yunnanensis* plantation. After the intervention is completed, a preset countdown period begins. At the end of the countdown, the management evaluation module is invoked to assess the blocks improved by the first propagation management strategy and outputs the first evaluation coefficient, the specific expression of which is as follows: in, Indicates the first The first evaluation coefficient of each block, if If the value is below a preset threshold, staff will be alerted that an anomaly has occurred in that block, requiring further intervention. This indicates that measurements are taken sequentially within the countdown period. Time of the first Forest stand correction factor for each block The maximum value when If the threshold is exceeded, the area is considered qualified. Furthermore, within the countdown period... The determination of the stand correction factor for each block was also carried out simultaneously. This indicates that measurements are taken sequentially within the countdown period. Time of the first Forest stand correction factor for each block A set of.

[0021] The growth assessment module includes a soil nutrient deviation assessment unit and a soil correction assessment unit. The soil nutrient deviation assessment unit constructs the first soil environmental data for current Yunnan puffball cultivation using data from the planting database. The soil nutrient composition deviation assessment coefficient for each block, and the soil correction assessment unit are constructed based on the current soil environmental data of Yunnan puffball planting in the planting database. The soil correction factor for the first block was obtained by the growth assessment module. The soil nutrient composition deviation assessment coefficient of each block and the first After considering the soil correction coefficients of each block, the first [section / area] is constructed. The growth deviation coefficient of Yunnan hard-skinned puffball in each block is expressed as follows: in, Indicates the first The growth deviation coefficient of Yunnan hard-skinned puffball in each block Indicates the first The soil nutrient composition deviation assessment coefficient for each block Indicates the first Soil correction factor for each block, and Represents the weighting coefficient, and , If this call to the growth assessment module is triggered after the first propagation management command is issued, then This indicates that recent adjustments to the forest stand structure have a significant impact on soil condition assessment. The growth assessment module is invoked after staff update the planting database upon reaching the data collection period. This indicates that the impact of recent forest stand management interventions will not be considered. Indicates the influence coefficient; The soil nutrient composition deviation assessment unit constructs the first [unit / system] based on the current soil environmental data of *Lycoperdon perlatum* cultivation in Yunnan Province within the planting database. Soil nutrient composition deviation assessment coefficient for each block The specific expression is as follows: in, Indicates the first The first block Soil nutrient deviation rate This indicates the total number of soil nutrient types. This represents a summation, and is not limited to soil nutrient composition. Those skilled in the art can refer to Table 1 below to add their own: Table 1 The soil remediation assessment unit is constructed based on the current soil environmental data of puffball cultivation in Yunnan Province within the planting database. The specific expressions for the soil correction coefficients of each block are as follows: in, This represents the average total number of fungal species during the historical cultivation process. Indicates the first The average total number of fungal species during the planting process in each block.

[0022] The propagation management module includes the Yunnan hard-skinned puffball management unit. The Yunnan hard-skinned puffball management unit receives the first... The judgment is made based on the growth deviation coefficient of the first block. If the first block... The growth deviation coefficient of each block exceeds the preset growth deviation threshold. When the time comes, a second propagation management instruction is issued, and the second propagation management strategy is implemented by marking the first propagation management point on the pre-established forest area map. In each block, staff are alerted to soil anomalies and given management tips. Staff then intervene and manage the Pinus yunnanensis plantation. After the intervention is completed, a preset countdown period begins. After the countdown ends, the management evaluation module is invoked to evaluate the blocks improved by the second propagation management strategy and output the second evaluation coefficient. The specific expression is as follows: in Indicates the first The second evaluation coefficient for each block, when This indicates that staff need to be alerted that an anomaly has occurred in this block, requiring secondary intervention. This indicates that the block is normal and no further intervention is needed. The specific criteria for the second evaluation coefficient are as follows: output the following constraints are met. Otherwise output The specific constraints are as follows: in Indicates all the numbers within the countdown period. The set of growth deviation coefficients of Yunnan hard-skinned puffballs in each block is shown in Table 2 below for management tips; Table 2 The specific data for this embodiment is shown in Table 3 below: Table 3 In this embodiment =0.236775, in this embodiment the forest stand structure threshold =0.12, in this embodiment the i-th block needs to be propagated, and the i-th block marked on the forest map is... The data is divided into blocks, displaying patches of litter in each area. This can be achieved through manual pruning: pruning the lower 1-2 whorls of branches on remaining trees to increase understory light, or supplementing litter: transplanting Pinus sylvestris needles and semi-decomposed layers from healthy stands and spreading them evenly to a thickness of 5-10 cm, and removing individual diseased and dead trees. Measurements are then taken again after several time intervals, ensuring the visualization and quantification of parameters during the cultivation of *Calvatia yunnanensis*, providing a quantitative reference for its cultivation. This embodiment... Less than the growth deviation threshold = 0.15; In this embodiment A value less than the preset threshold of the first evaluation coefficient (0.1) indicates that the intervention is qualified.

[0023] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A propagation and management system for *Pinus yunnanensis* plantations, characterized in that: It includes a data acquisition module, a stand structure assessment module, a growth assessment module, a propagation management module, and a management assessment module; The data acquisition module is used to acquire the current environmental data of the Pinus sylvestris plantation and the current soil environmental data of the Yunnan puffball plantation, as well as the corresponding historical data and store them in the planting database. The stand structure assessment module reads the environmental data of the current Pinus sylvestris plantation from the planting database to construct the stand structure coefficient of the corresponding block of Pinus sylvestris plantation, and transmits the constructed stand structure coefficient to the propagation management module. After reading the forest stand structure coefficient, the propagation management module determines whether to issue the first propagation management command, and executes the first propagation management strategy after issuing the first propagation management command. The growth assessment module is invoked after the staff updates the planting database upon reaching the collection cycle or after the first propagation management instruction is issued. It constructs the growth deviation coefficient of Yunnan puffball for the corresponding block by reading the current soil environment data of Yunnan puffball planting based on the planting database, and transmits the constructed growth deviation coefficient of Yunnan puffball to the propagation management module. After reading the growth deviation coefficient of Yunnan hard-skinned puffball, the propagation management module determines whether to issue a second propagation management instruction, and executes the second propagation management strategy after the second propagation management instruction is issued. The management evaluation module is invoked after the first or second breeding promotion management strategy is issued. It evaluates the blocks improved by the first or second breeding promotion management strategy, outputs the first evaluation coefficient or the second evaluation coefficient respectively, and determines whether to issue an early warning and intervene again.

2. The management system for promoting the propagation of *Pinus yunnanensis* plantations according to claim 1, characterized in that: The forest stand structure assessment module includes a Pinus sylvestris health assessment unit and a forest block correction unit; The Simao pine health assessment unit is based on the first A health assessment was conducted based on environmental data of Pinus sylvestris in each block, and the first... The health deviation coefficient of the first block, the forest block correction unit is based on the first block. The degree of deviation in the growth of Pinus sylvestris in each block was used to construct the first... The stand correction coefficient for the [number] block, the stand structure assessment module obtains the [number]th [block's] [factory correction coefficient]. The health deviation coefficient of the first block and the first The forest stand correction coefficients of each block were then used to construct the weighted average of the first block. The stand structure coefficient of Pinus sylvestris plantations in each block.

3. The management system for promoting the propagation of *Pinus yunnanensis* plantations according to claim 2, characterized in that: The first The stand correction factor for each block is obtained through the first... The deviation rate of sky openness in each block and the first The deviation rate of the dispersion of the diameter at breast height of Pinus koraiensis in each block was calculated by weighted average.

4. The management system for promoting the propagation of *Pinus yunnanensis* plantations according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first The deviation rate of sky visibility for each block is specifically the first... The absolute value of the difference between the sky openness of each block and the standard sky openness is obtained by comparing it with the standard sky openness. Sky openness of each block The methods for obtaining it are as follows: Step A1: In the Each block is arranged in an equidistant manner. Each sampling point is used to capture a hemispherical image using a fisheye lens mounted on the sampling device. Step A2: For the first The hemispherical images obtained from each sampling point are standardized. Step A3: After standardization, for the first... The hemispherical image obtained from each sampling point is binarized. Step A4: Construct the first... Block number Sky openness at each sampling point Specifically, the first Block number The number of pixels in the bright area of ​​the sampling point is related to the number of pixels in the sampling point. Block number Compare the total number of pixels at each sampling point; Step A5: Construct the first Sky openness of each block Specifically, for the first Block number Sky openness at each sampling point The summation yields the values.

5. The management system for promoting the propagation of *Pinus yunnanensis* plantations according to claim 4, characterized in that: The first The deviation rate of the dispersion of the diameter at breast height of Pinus simonii in each block is specifically as follows: The ratio of the absolute value of the difference between the diameter at breast height (DBH) dispersion of Pinus sylvestris in each block and the standard value of DBH dispersion of Pinus sylvestris in Pinus sylvestris to the standard value of DBH dispersion of Pinus sylvestris in Pinus sylvestris. The first Dispersion of diameter at breast height (DBH) of Pinus simaoides in each block The methods for obtaining it are as follows: Step B1: Sample and measure the first The total number of blocks The diameter at breast height of one *Pinus simonii* tree; Step B2: Obtain the first Mean diameter at breast height (DBH) of Pinus simonii in each block ; Step B3: Construct the first Standard deviation of diameter at breast height (DBH) of Pinus simaoides in each block ; Step B4: Construct the first step based on steps B1 to B3. Breast diameter dispersion of each block Specifically, the first Standard deviation of diameter at breast height (DBH) of Pinus simaoides in each block With the Mean diameter at breast height (DBH) of Pinus simonii in each block The ratio of .

6. The management system for promoting the propagation of *Pinus yunnanensis* plantations according to claim 5, characterized in that: The forest block correction unit is based on the first The degree of deviation in the growth of Pinus sylvestris in each block was used to construct the first... The stand correction factor for each block, specifically including the first block. The deviation rate of litter thickness in the first block and the first The mean of the litter patch boundary density deviation rate of each block; The first The deviation rate of the litter thickness in each block is specifically the first... The average thickness of litter in each block and except for the first block Deviation rate of the average thickness of litter in blocks other than the specified block; The first The mean of the litter patch boundary density deviation rate for each block is specifically the... The deviation rate of litter patch boundary density from the historical mean litter patch boundary density of each block; The first Average thickness of litter in each block The construction steps are as follows: at the sampling points, the sampling device acquires the first... The distance from the vertical position of the sampling point of each block is used to calculate the height of the debris at the corresponding sampling point, and the difference between this height and the initial height is used to obtain the debris thickness at that sampling point. This process is repeated for the next block. The sampling points of each block are traversed to obtain the thickness of all litter, and the summation of these values ​​yields the mean of the litter thickness. Average thickness of litter in each block ; The first Deposition density of litter patches in each area The construction steps are as follows: obtain the first sample through the sampling device. Images of the surface litter cover status of each patch were generated, and binary images were extracted and output. The outer boundary of the same patch contour was extracted to obtain the contour pixel length. The lengths of all contour pixel lengths were summed and proportionally mapped to the actual length. The summation yielded the length of the first patch. The total length of the litter patch boundary of the first block, and its relationship with the first block. After comparing the unit areas of each block, we obtain the first... Deposition density of litter patches in each area .

7. The management system for promoting the propagation of *Pinus yunnanensis* plantations according to claim 6, characterized in that: The growth assessment module includes a soil nutrient deviation assessment unit and a soil correction assessment unit. The soil nutrient deviation assessment unit constructs the first soil correction assessment unit based on the current soil environmental data of Yunnan puffball cultivation in the planting database. The soil nutrient composition deviation assessment coefficient of each block, the soil correction assessment unit is constructed based on the current Yunnan puffball planting soil environment data in the planting database. The soil correction factor for the [number] block is obtained by the growth assessment module. The soil nutrient composition deviation assessment coefficient of each block and the first After considering the soil correction coefficients of each block, the first [section / area] is constructed. The growth deviation coefficient of Yunnan hard-skinned puffball in each block is expressed as follows: in, Indicates the first The growth deviation coefficient of Yunnan hard-skinned puffball in each block Indicates the first The soil nutrient composition deviation assessment coefficient for each block Indicates the first Soil correction factor for each block, and Represents the weighting coefficient, and , , This indicates that the growth assessment module is invoked after the first propagation management instruction is issued. (This is achieved through the introduction of...) This indicates that the growth assessment module is invoked after staff update the planting database upon reaching the data collection cycle. This represents the influence coefficient.

8. The management system for promoting the propagation of *Pinus yunnanensis* plantations according to claim 7, characterized in that: The first The soil nutrient deviation assessment coefficient for each block is specifically the first... The first block The mean of the deviation rate of soil nutrients, the first Soil correction factor for each block The deviation rate between the average total number of fungal species during the planting process of each block and the average total number of fungal species during historical planting processes.

9. The management system for promoting the propagation of *Pinus yunnanensis* plantations according to claim 8, characterized in that: The propagation management module includes a Pinus sylvestris plantation management unit, which receives the first... The judgment is made based on the forest stand structure coefficient of each block. If the first block... The stand structure coefficient of each block exceeds the preset stand structure threshold. At that time, the first propagation management instruction is issued, and the first propagation management strategy is implemented by marking the first propagation management point on the pre-established forest area map. The system is divided into blocks, displaying patches of litter in each area. Staff members intervene and manage the plantation of Pinus simonii. After the intervention is completed, a preset countdown period begins. After the countdown ends, the management evaluation module is called to evaluate the blocks improved by the first propagation management strategy and outputs the first evaluation coefficient. Based on the first evaluation coefficient, it is determined whether a second intervention is needed.

10. The management system for promoting the propagation of *Pinus yunnanensis* plantations according to claim 9, characterized in that: The propagation management module includes a Yunnan hard-skinned puffball management unit, which receives the first... The judgment is made based on the growth deviation coefficient of the first block. If the first block... The growth deviation coefficient of each block exceeds the preset growth deviation threshold. When the time comes, a second propagation management instruction is issued, and the second propagation management strategy is implemented by marking the first propagation management point on the pre-established forest area map. In each block, staff are alerted to soil anomalies and given management tips. Staff then intervene and manage the Simao pine plantation. After the intervention is completed, a preset countdown period begins. After the countdown ends, the management evaluation module is invoked to evaluate the blocks improved by the second propagation management strategy and output a second evaluation coefficient. Based on the second evaluation coefficient, it is determined whether a second intervention is needed.

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