A high voltage breakdown testing device for a plastic material

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of plastic material high voltage breakdown testing device, belong to high voltage breakdown testing device technical field, the device includes test explosion-proof box and its inside horizontal movement mechanism, lower immersion mechanism, lifting movement mechanism, horizontal movement mechanism drives the oil bath tank containing insulating oil and lower electrode moves to test position, lower immersion mechanism when oil bath tank is in position, it is immersed in oil and contacted with lower electrode by the sample to be measured fixed in sample placing mechanism, lifting movement mechanism controls upper electrode and automatically drops and contacts sample, box door mechanism closes import and export.The application has the characteristics that test safety, accuracy is high, and test efficiency is high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of high-voltage breakdown testing equipment, specifically a high-voltage breakdown testing equipment for plastic materials. Background Technology

[0002] Due to their excellent insulation properties, plastic materials are widely used as insulating structural components in electrical equipment. Among the performance indicators of plastic materials, high voltage breakdown strength is a key parameter for measuring their insulation reliability, which directly determines the applicability and safety of the material under high voltage environment. Therefore, developing a high voltage breakdown test device that can accurately simulate the actual working conditions of the material is of great significance to the development of the electrical industry. In existing high-voltage breakdown testing technologies for plastic materials, many conventional testing devices use air as the test medium. Their basic structure usually includes an open or semi-closed frame, upper and lower electrodes arranged opposite each other, and a simple mechanical mechanism for driving the electrodes to lift or press the sample. During the test, the operator places the plastic sample to be tested between the upper and lower electrodes and clamps the sample by manual or electric means. Then, a high-voltage power supply applies a gradually increasing voltage between the electrodes until the sample breaks down, such as the solid insulation breakdown testing device and test method with adjustable temperature difference disclosed in application number 202510649289.8. However, the aforementioned high-voltage breakdown testing device has the following inherent defects: 1. Air has a relatively low dielectric strength. When high voltage is applied to a plastic sample, the electric field is easily distorted at the edge or surface of the sample. This causes the high voltage to not actually break down the sample, but instead to cause a penetrating surface flashover discharge between the sample surface and the electrode. This flashover phenomenon will make the measured breakdown voltage value much lower than the true dielectric strength of the material itself, resulting in invalid test data that cannot truly reflect the insulation performance of the material. 2. A high-temperature electric arc is generated at the moment of high voltage breakdown. If the test is carried out in the air, the plastic sample, as a flammable material, is easily ignited under the high temperature of the electric arc, producing open flames, smoke and toxic gases. This will not only damage the electrodes and testing equipment, but also pose a serious threat to the safety of the laboratory environment and increase the risk of operation. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings in the existing technology, the purpose of this invention is to provide a high-voltage breakdown test device for plastic materials that has high safety, accuracy and efficiency.

[0004] The technical solution adopted by the present invention to achieve the above objectives is: a high-voltage breakdown testing device for plastic materials, comprising a test explosion-proof box, a horizontal movement mechanism, a immersion mechanism, a lifting movement mechanism, and a high-voltage power supply control system. The test explosion-proof box is provided with an inlet and an outlet, and the test explosion-proof box is provided with a door mechanism in conjunction with the inlet and outlet. The explosion-proof test chamber is equipped with the horizontal motion mechanism, which includes a horizontal motion machine capable of horizontal linear motion. An oil bath is fixedly connected to the horizontal motion machine, and the oil bath contains insulating oil. The oil bath corresponds to the inlet and outlet, and a lower electrode is fixedly connected to the bottom of the oil bath. The oil bath is equipped with the immersion mechanism, which includes an installation platform capable of vertical linear motion. A sample placement mechanism is fixedly connected to the installation platform. The sample placement mechanism is used to fix and install the sample to be tested. The installation platform can drive the sample to be tested to be immersed in the insulating oil and to contact the lower electrode. The explosion-proof test chamber is equipped with the lifting mechanism, which includes a lifting platform capable of linear lifting motion. The upper electrode is fixedly connected to the lifting platform via a mounting arm. After the oil bath is positioned at the test location, the lifting platform can drive the upper electrode to descend and contact the upper surface of the sample to be tested. Both the upper electrode and the lower electrode are electrically connected to the high-voltage power supply control system.

[0005] In the above technical solution, the specific structure of the horizontal motion mechanism is as follows: The horizontal motion mechanism further includes a guide rail, a sliding table, a lead screw, and a drive motor. The guide rail is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the explosion-proof test box, and the sliding table is slidably connected to the guide rail. The horizontal motion machine is fixedly connected to the sliding table through a mounting bracket. A first lead screw seat is fixedly connected to the sliding table, and a first lead screw is threadedly connected to the first lead screw seat. The first lead screw is poweredly connected to the drive motor.

[0006] In the above technical solution, the specific structure of the immersion mechanism is as follows: The immersion mechanism further includes a frame, a second lead screw, a guide column, and a first power input component. The frame is fixedly connected to the oil bath tank, the guide column is fixedly connected to the frame, the mounting platform is slidably connected to the guide column, the second lead screw seat is fixedly connected to the mounting platform, the second lead screw is threadedly connected to the second lead screw seat, and the first power input component is in power cooperation with the second lead screw, providing power to the second lead screw. In one embodiment, the first power input component has the following structure: The first power input component includes a first worm gear, a first worm, a first gear, and a first rack. The bottom end of the second lead screw is fixedly connected to the first worm gear. The first worm is rotatably connected to the frame. The first worm meshes with the first worm gear. The end of the first worm is fixedly connected to the first gear. The first rack is fixedly connected inside the explosion-proof test box in cooperation with the first gear.

[0007] In the above technical solution, the sample placement mechanism adopts the following structure: The sample placement mechanism includes a connecting frame, a sample stage, and fixing components. The connecting frame is fixedly connected to the mounting platform, and the sample stage is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the connecting frame. The sample stage is provided with a sample slot, and a support frame is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sample slot. At least two sets of fixing components are provided on the sample stage at the edge of the sample slot. After the sample to be tested is placed in the sample slot, the support frame supports the bottom surface of the sample to be tested, and the fixing components fix the sample to be tested and press it down into the sample slot. In one embodiment, the fixing component includes a rotating arm, a lower pressure plate, a screw, and an operating plate. The rotating arm is rotatably connected to the edge of the sample slot on the sample stage. The screw is threaded to the end of the rotating arm. The lower pressure plate is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the screw, and the operating plate is fixedly connected to the top end of the screw.

[0008] In the above technical solution, the specific structure of the lifting mechanism is as follows: The lifting mechanism further includes a sliding column, a third lead screw, and a second power input component. The sliding column is fixedly connected inside the explosion-proof test box. The lifting platform is slidably connected to the sliding column. The third lead screw seat is fixedly connected to the lifting platform. The third lead screw is threadedly connected to the third lead screw seat. The third lead screw is in power cooperation with the second power input component. In one embodiment, the second power input component has the following structure: The second power input component includes a second worm gear, a second worm, and a first ratchet component. The third lead screw is a reciprocating lead screw. The bottom end of the third lead screw is fixedly connected to a first input shaft. The second worm gear is fixedly connected to the first input shaft. The second worm is rotatably connected inside the explosion-proof test box. The second worm meshes with the second worm gear. The end of the second worm is fixedly connected to the power output shaft end of the first ratchet component. The driven input shaft is fixedly connected to the power input shaft end of the first ratchet component. The first lead screw is a reciprocating lead screw. A second input shaft is fixedly connected to the end of the first lead screw. The power output shaft end of the second ratchet component is fixedly connected to the end of the second input shaft. The power input shaft end of the second ratchet component is fixedly connected to an active input shaft. The active input shaft is poweredly connected to the drive motor. The active input shaft and the driven input shaft are connected by a first transmission assembly. Under the action of the first ratchet assembly and the second ratchet assembly, when the drive motor drives the first lead screw to rotate, the third lead screw does not rotate, and when the drive motor drives the third lead screw to rotate, the first lead screw does not rotate.

[0009] In the above technical solution, to ensure that the upper electrode can make sufficient contact with samples of different thicknesses, the following optimized structure is provided: The mounting arm is provided with a sliding hole, and the upper electrode is slidably connected in the sliding hole. A limiting platform is fixedly connected to the insulating part of the upper electrode, and a spring is sleeved on the insulating part of the upper electrode. One end of the spring is fixedly connected to the limiting platform, and the other end is fixedly connected to the mounting arm.

[0010] In the above technical solution, the door mechanism adopts the following structure: The enclosure door mechanism includes an explosion-proof door, a fourth lead screw, a fifth lead screw, and a third power input component. Two sets of explosion-proof doors are slidably connected to the inlet and outlet of the test explosion-proof enclosure. A guide column is fixedly connected inside the test explosion-proof enclosure, and two sets of traction platforms are slidably connected to the guide column. Each set of traction platforms is fixedly connected to a corresponding set of explosion-proof doors through a traction frame. The fourth lead screw is threadedly connected to one set of traction platforms, and the fifth lead screw is threadedly connected to the other set of traction platforms. The adjacent ends of the fourth lead screw and the fifth lead screw are fixedly connected. The third power input component is poweredly connected to either the fourth or fifth lead screw.

[0011] In one embodiment, the third power input component is implemented using the following structure: The third power input component includes a central rotating shaft, a third worm gear, a third worm, a second gear, and a second rack. The end of the fourth lead screw is fixedly connected to a third input shaft. The central rotating shaft is rotatably connected inside the explosion-proof test chamber. The central rotating shaft and the third input shaft are poweredly connected through a second transmission assembly. The third worm gear is fixedly connected to the central rotating shaft. The third worm is rotatably connected inside the explosion-proof test chamber and meshes with the third worm gear. A long transmission shaft is fixedly connected to the third worm and rotatably connected inside the explosion-proof test chamber. The second gear is fixedly connected to the long transmission shaft. The second rack is fixedly connected to the horizontal motion machine platform in conjunction with the second gear.

[0012] The beneficial effects of this invention are: 1. The sample to be tested (plastic material) can be fixed on the sample placement mechanism. Then, the horizontal movement mechanism moves the sample into the explosion-proof test chamber, and the inlet and outlet are closed by the chamber door mechanism. The immersion mechanism moves the sample into the insulating oil inside the oil bath, and the sample comes into contact with the lower electrode. The lifting mechanism then moves the upper electrode down, so that the lower electrode comes into contact with the upper surface of the sample. The high-voltage power supply control system supplies power to the upper and lower electrodes, thus realizing the high-voltage breakdown test of the plastic material. This test device makes the sample entry, oil immersion, electrode contact and chamber door closing a smooth process without manual intervention, which improves the testing efficiency and consistency of operation. Moreover, it is carried out in a closed environment, which is highly safe. At the same time, the oil immersion test can ensure the accuracy of the test data by suppressing surface discharge and isolating oxygen, and at the same time improve the safety of the testing process. 2. When the horizontal motion mechanism drives the oil bath to move from the outside to the inside of the explosion-proof test chamber, the explosion-proof door can be automatically closed at the inlet and outlet through the cooperation of the second gear and the second rack. At the same time, with the cooperation of the first gear and the first rack, the mounting platform can drive the sample to be tested to descend to the required position. This structure makes full use of the power of the horizontal motion mechanism, so that the immersion mechanism and the chamber door mechanism can achieve the required functions, reducing the overall power source and control system of the device, simplifying the device circuit, and reducing the failure rate. 3. The horizontal motion mechanism and the lifting motion mechanism share a set of drive motors, realizing the on-demand driving of the horizontal motion mechanism and the lifting motion mechanism by a single drive motor. This design reduces the number of motors, lowers costs and control system complexity, and reduces the failure rate of the device. Attached Figure Description

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure during the material feeding process of this invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure during testing of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the explosion-proof box during the material loading test of this invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the explosion-proof box during the testing of this invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the horizontal motion mechanism in this invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the sample placement mechanism in this invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the lifting mechanism in this invention; Figure 8 for Figure 7 Detailed structural diagram of part a; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the oil bath tank during testing in this invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the door mechanism in this invention.

[0014] In the picture: 100 is the explosion-proof test box, and 101 is the inlet / outlet. 200 Box door mechanism, 201 Explosion-proof door, 202 Fourth lead screw, 203 Fifth lead screw, 2041 Central shaft, 2042 Third worm gear, 2043 Third worm, 2044 Second gear, 2045 Second rack, 2046 Second transmission assembly, 2047 Transmission long shaft, 205 Traction platform, 206 Traction frame; 300 Horizontal motion mechanism, 301 Guide rail, 302 Sliding table, 303 First lead screw, 304 Drive motor, 305 Horizontal motion machine base, 306 Mounting bracket; 400 oil bath, 401 insulating oil, 402 lower electrode; 500 Immersion mechanism, 501 Frame, 502 Second lead screw, 503 Guide column, 504 Mounting platform, 5051 First worm gear, 5052 First worm, 5053 First gear, 5054 First rack; 600 Sample placement mechanism, 601 Connecting frame, 602 Sample stage, 6021 Sample slot, 603 Fixing component, 6031 Rotating arm, 6032 Lower pressure plate, 6033 Screw, 6034 Operation panel, 604 Bearing frame; 700 Lifting motion mechanism, 701 Lifting platform, 702 Sliding column, 703 Third lead screw, 704 Mounting arm, 705 Upper electrode, 7061 Second worm gear, 7062 Second worm, 7063 First ratchet component, 7064 First input shaft, 707 Limiting platform, 708 Spring; 801 Second input shaft, 802 Second ratchet assembly, 803 First transmission assembly; 900 high-voltage power supply control system. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention. Example 1

[0016] Please see Figures 1-9This embodiment discloses a high-voltage breakdown testing device for plastic materials. The device includes a test explosion-proof box 100. The test explosion-proof box 100 provides a sealed and robust safety barrier for the entire testing process, which can effectively block the shock wave, splashes and electric arc that may be generated at the moment of high-voltage breakdown, and ensure the personal safety of the operators. The test explosion-proof box 100 has an inlet and outlet 101 for taking out and putting in samples. In order to close the inlet and outlet 101 during the test, the test explosion-proof box 100 is equipped with a door mechanism 200 in conjunction with the inlet and outlet 101 to ensure that the test environment is isolated from the outside world. Please see Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 as well as Figure 9 Inside the explosion-proof test chamber 100, a horizontal motion mechanism 300 is arranged horizontally. This horizontal motion mechanism 300 is used to feed and discharge the sample to be tested. Its specific structure includes a guide rail 301, a sliding table 302, a first lead screw 303, a drive motor 304, and a horizontal motion platform 305. That is, the guide rail 301 is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the explosion-proof test chamber 100, the sliding table 302 is slidably connected to the guide rail 301, the horizontal motion platform 305 is fixedly connected to the sliding table 302 through a mounting bracket 306, the first lead screw 303 seat is fixedly connected to the sliding table 302, the first lead screw 303 is threadedly connected to the first lead screw 303 seat, and the first lead screw 303 is poweredly connected to the drive motor 304 located outside. In addition, an oil bath 400 is fixedly connected to the horizontal motion platform 305, and the oil bath 400 contains insulating oil 401 (usually transformer oil or silicone oil). The first lead screw 303 can be rotated by the drive motor 304, so that the sliding table 302 and the entire oil bath 400 can move smoothly in the horizontal direction along the guide rail 301, so that the oil bath 400 can be accurately moved to the position corresponding to the inlet and outlet 101, which is convenient for operators to perform initial sample installation or maintenance of the oil bath 400. The lower electrode 402 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the oil bath 400. The lower electrode 402 is one of the key components for applying high voltage. To automatically immerse the sample to be tested into the insulating oil 401, the testing device is also equipped with an immersion mechanism 500. The immersion mechanism 500 specifically includes a frame 501, a second lead screw 502, a guide column 503, a mounting platform 504, and a first power input component. Specifically, the frame 501 is fixedly connected to the oil bath 400, the guide column 503 is fixedly connected to the frame 501, the mounting platform 504 is slidably connected to the guide column 503, the second lead screw 502 seat is fixedly connected to the mounting platform 504, the second lead screw 502 is threadedly connected to the second lead screw 502 seat, and the first power input component is powered in conjunction with the second lead screw 502. The first power input component can provide power to the second lead screw 502. In this embodiment, the first power input component can be a motor. Furthermore, please refer to Figure 6 A sample placement mechanism 600 is fixedly connected to the mounting platform 504. The sample placement mechanism 600 is used to fix the sample to be tested. In this embodiment, the sample placement mechanism 600 includes a connecting frame 601, a sample stage 602, and a fixing component 603. The mounting platform 504 is fixedly connected to the top end of the connecting frame 601, and the bottom end of the connecting frame 601 is fixedly connected to the sample stage 602. The sample stage 602 has a sample slot 6021 for accommodating the sample, and a support is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sample slot 6021. The support frame 604 is used to support the sample to be tested from the bottom surface. At least two sets of fixing parts 603 are provided on the sample stage 602 at the edge of the sample slot 6021. When the sample to be tested is placed in the sample slot 6021, its bottom surface is supported by the support frame 604. Then, by operating the fixing parts 603, the sample is firmly pressed and fixed in the sample slot 6021. This design ensures that the sample remains stable in position during oil immersion, movement and contact with the electrode, avoiding test errors caused by sample displacement. As a specific and effective implementation of the fixing component 603, the fixing component 603 includes a rotating arm 6031, a lower pressure plate 6032, a screw 6033, and an operating plate 6034. That is, one end of the rotating arm 6031 is rotatably connected to the sample stage 602 and is located at the edge of the sample slot 6021, so that it can be rotated to or away from the sample for easy sample loading and unloading. The other end of the rotating arm 6031 is provided with a threaded hole for threaded connection to the screw 6033. The bottom end of the screw 6033 is fixedly connected to a lower pressure plate 6032. The lower pressure plate 6032 is used to apply pressure by contacting the upper surface of the sample. The large area of ​​the lower pressure plate 6032 can disperse the pressure and prevent damage to the sample. The top end of the screw 6033 is fixedly connected to an operating plate 6034, which is convenient for the operator to rotate by hand. By rotating the operating plate 6034, the screw 6033 can be driven to rotate and move up and down, thereby adjusting the clamping force of the lower pressure plate 6032 on the sample and realizing the stable clamping of samples of different thicknesses. Please see Figure 7 , Figure 8 When the oil bath 400 moves to the test position via the horizontal movement mechanism 300, and the immersion mechanism 500 has immersed the sample to be tested into the insulating oil 401 of the oil bath 400 and brought it into contact with the lower electrode 402, the upper electrode 705 needs to be lowered to contact the sample. For this purpose, the explosion-proof test chamber 100 is equipped with a lifting mechanism 700. This lifting mechanism 700 includes a lifting platform 701 capable of linear lifting motion. Specifically, a sliding column 702 is fixedly connected inside the explosion-proof test chamber 100, and the lifting platform 701 is slidably connected to the sliding column 702 to ensure the smoothness of its lifting. A third [unclear - possibly a device or mechanism] is fixedly connected to the lifting platform 701. A lead screw 703 seat is provided, and a third lead screw 703 is threadedly connected to the third lead screw 703 seat. The lifting platform 701 is fixedly connected to the upper electrode 705 via the mounting arm 704. The third lead screw 703 is powered in conjunction with the second power input component. When the third lead screw 703 is driven to rotate, it can drive the lifting platform 701 and the upper electrode 705 to move up and down along the sliding column 702. When the oil bath 400 is in the test position, the lifting platform 701 can drive the upper electrode 705 to descend until it contacts the upper surface of the sample to be tested, thereby forming a test electrode for the sample together with the lower electrode 402. In this embodiment, the second power input component can be a motor. Furthermore, to ensure reliable and non-destructive electrical contact between the upper electrode 705 and samples of varying thicknesses, this embodiment optimizes the mounting method of the upper electrode 705. Specifically, a sliding hole is formed in the mounting arm 704, and the insulating part of the upper electrode 705 is slidably connected within this sliding hole. A limiting platform 707 is also fixedly connected to the insulating part of the upper electrode 705 to prevent it from dislodging from the sliding hole. A spring 708 is also fitted onto the insulating part of the upper electrode 705, with one end of the spring 708 fixedly connected to the limiting platform 707 and the other end fixedly connected to the limiting platform 707. The upper electrode 705 is fixedly connected to the mounting arm 704. When the lifting platform 701 drives the mounting arm 704 and the upper electrode 705 to descend, after the lower end of the upper electrode 705 contacts the upper surface of the sample, the spring 708 will be compressed as the mounting arm 704 continues to descend. The compression force of the spring 708 is converted into a stable pressing force of the upper electrode 705 on the sample. This floating design allows the upper electrode 705 to adaptively press against samples of different thicknesses, ensuring reliable electrical contact and avoiding sample breakage or electrode damage caused by mechanical hard pressing. This significantly improves the success rate of the test and the applicability of the equipment. Of course, this embodiment also includes a high-voltage power supply control system 900, which is electrically connected to the upper electrode 705 and the lower electrode 402 to realize the supply and control of high-voltage electricity. Example 2

[0017] Please see Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 A high-voltage breakdown testing device for plastic materials. In this embodiment, to simplify the structure and achieve motion linkage, the first power input component is designed as a purely mechanical structure, as follows: The first power input component includes a first worm gear 5051, a first worm 5052, a first gear 5053, and a first rack 5054. Specifically, the bottom end of the second lead screw 502 is fixedly connected to the first worm gear 5051, the first worm 5052 that meshes with the first worm gear 5051 is rotatably connected to the frame 501, the end of the first worm 5052 is fixedly connected to the first gear 5053, and the first rack 5054 is fixedly installed in the corresponding position inside the test explosion-proof box 100. When the horizontal motion mechanism 300 drives the oil bath 400 to move towards the test position, the first gear 5053 will move relative to the fixed first rack 5054, thus being driven to rotate by the first rack 5054. The rotation of the first gear 5053 drives the first worm 5052 to rotate, which in turn drives the second lead screw 502 to rotate through the meshing of the worm gear. Finally, it drives the mounting platform 504 to descend along the guide column 503 to the predetermined position. This linkage design cleverly utilizes the power of the horizontal motion mechanism 300, eliminating the need for an independent drive source for the immersion mechanism 500. It achieves the automation effect of "the sample is automatically immersed in the oil bath 400 once it is in place", which not only simplifies the structure but also ensures precise synchronization of the actions. Example 3

[0018] Please see Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 5 , Figure 7 In this embodiment of a high-voltage breakdown test device for plastic materials, in order to further simplify the power system and achieve a higher level of automated coordination, the second power input component also adopts a linkage structure. The second power input component specifically includes a second worm gear 7061, a second worm 7062, and a first ratchet component 7063. To achieve reciprocating motion, a third lead screw 703 is selected as a reciprocating lead screw. The bottom end of the third lead screw 703 is fixedly connected to a first input shaft 7064, and the second worm gear 7061 is fixedly connected to the first input shaft 7064. The second worm 7062, which meshes with the second worm gear 7061, is rotatably connected inside the explosion-proof test box 100. The end of the second worm 7062 is fixedly connected to the power output shaft end of the first ratchet component 7063, while the power input shaft end of the first ratchet component 7063 is fixedly connected to a driven input shaft. Meanwhile, the first lead screw 303 of the drive horizontal motion mechanism 300 is also configured as a reciprocating lead screw, with a second input shaft 801 fixedly connected to its end. The end of the second input shaft 801 is fixedly connected to the power output shaft end of the second ratchet component 802. The power input shaft end of the second ratchet component 802 is fixedly connected to the active input shaft. The active input shaft is directly connected to the drive motor 304. The active input shaft and the driven input shaft are connected by transmission through the first transmission component 803 (e.g., a set of gear pairs or a set of synchronous belt pulleys). When the drive motor 304 starts and rotates forward, the power of the drive motor 304 is transmitted to the first lead screw 303 through the second ratchet component 802. At this time, the sliding table 302 drives the horizontal motion table 305 and its components to move in a straight line. When the sliding table 302 moves to the end of the first lead screw 303, since the first lead screw 303 is a reciprocating lead screw, the drive motor 304 can continue to rotate forward and drive the sliding table 302 and its associated components to move in the opposite direction, thereby enabling the feeding and discharging of the sample to be tested. At this time, under the action of the first ratchet component 7063, the drive motor 304 cannot drive the third lead screw 703 to rotate, which makes the lifting motion mechanism 700 not work. When the drive motor 304 reverses, the power of the drive motor 304 is transmitted to the third lead screw 703 through the first ratchet component 7063. Then the lifting platform 701 can drive the upper electrode 705 to descend. When the lifting platform 701 moves to the end of the third lead screw 703, because the third lead screw 703 is a reciprocating lead screw, the drive motor 304 continues to reverse, which can make the lifting platform 701 drive the upper electrode 705 to move upward. The above structure enables the operation of the horizontal motion mechanism 300 and the lifting motion mechanism 700 through a single drive electrode motor, which greatly reduces the cost and control complexity of the device and lowers the failure rate. Example 4

[0019] Please see Figure 3 , Figure 4 , Figure 10A high-voltage breakdown testing device for plastic materials. In this embodiment, to ensure absolute safety during the testing process, the door mechanism 200 and the horizontal movement mechanism 300 are also designed to be interlocked. The door mechanism 200 includes two sets of explosion-proof doors 201, a fourth lead screw 202, a fifth lead screw 203, and a third power input component. The two sets of explosion-proof doors 201 are slidably connected to the test explosion-proof box 100 and correspond to the positions of the inlet and outlet 101. A guide column 503 is fixedly connected inside the test explosion-proof box 100, and two sets of traction platforms 205 are slidably connected to the guide column 503. Each set of traction platforms 205... Each set of explosion-proof doors 201 is fixedly connected to a set of corresponding explosion-proof doors 201 via a traction frame 206. One set of traction platforms 205 is threadedly connected to the fourth lead screw 202, and the other set of traction platforms 205 is threadedly connected to the fifth lead screw 203. The adjacent ends of the fourth lead screw 202 and the fifth lead screw 203 are fixedly connected to form a two-way threaded lead screw assembly. The far end of the fourth lead screw 202 or the fifth lead screw 203 is poweredly connected to the third power input component. By driving it to rotate, the two traction platforms 205 can be moved closer or further apart, thereby realizing the closing or opening of the two sets of explosion-proof doors 201. In one specific embodiment of the present invention, the third power input component includes a central shaft 2041, a third worm gear 2042, a third worm 2043, a second gear 2044, and a second rack 2045. The end of the fourth lead screw 202 is fixedly connected to the third input shaft. The central shaft 2041 is rotatably connected inside the explosion-proof test chamber 100. The central shaft 2041 and the third input shaft are poweredly connected through a second transmission assembly 2046 (such as a gear or synchronous belt assembly). The third worm gear 2042 is fixedly connected to the central shaft 2041. The third worm 2043, which meshes with the third worm gear 2042, is rotatably connected inside the explosion-proof test chamber 100. A long transmission shaft 2047 is fixedly connected to the third worm 2043. The long transmission shaft 2047 is rotatably connected inside the explosion-proof test chamber 100. The end of the shaft is fixedly connected to the second gear 2044. A section of the second rack 2045 is fixedly connected to the horizontal motion machine 305 in cooperation with the second gear 2044. When the horizontal motion machine 305, carrying the oil bath tank 400, moves towards the test position (i.e., deep inside the tank), the second rack 2045 fixed on the machine moves accordingly. When it reaches a specific position, the second rack 2045 begins to mesh with the second gear 2044, driving the second gear 2044 to rotate. The rotation of the second gear 2044 is transmitted to the third input shaft through the transmission shaft 2047, the third worm gear 2043, the third worm wheel 2042, the central shaft 2041, and the second transmission assembly 2046. Finally, it drives the fourth lead screw 202 and the fifth lead screw 203 to rotate, causing the two sets of explosion-proof doors 201 to move closer to each other, thus automatically closing the tank doors. Conversely, when the test is completed and the horizontal motion machine 305 exits from the test position, the second rack 2045 drives the gear system in the opposite direction, causing the explosion-proof doors 201 to open automatically. This design achieves the effect of "the tank door automatically closes when the machine enters the test area; the tank door automatically opens when the machine exits."

[0020] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0021] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A high-voltage breakdown testing device for plastic materials, characterized in that: The test explosion-proof box (100), horizontal movement mechanism (300), immersion mechanism (500), lifting movement mechanism (700) and high voltage power supply control system (900) are included. The test explosion-proof box (100) is provided with an inlet and outlet (101), and the test explosion-proof box (100) is provided with a door mechanism (200) in conjunction with the inlet and outlet (101). The explosion-proof test box (100) is equipped with the horizontal motion mechanism (300), which includes a horizontal motion machine (305) capable of horizontal linear motion. An oil bath (400) is fixedly connected to the horizontal motion machine (305). The oil bath (400) is filled with insulating oil (401). The oil bath (400) corresponds to the inlet and outlet (101). A lower electrode (402) is fixedly connected to the bottom of the oil bath (400). The oil bath tank (400) is provided with the immersion mechanism (500), which includes an installation platform (504) capable of lifting and lowering linear motion. A sample placement mechanism (600) is fixedly connected to the installation platform (504). The sample placement mechanism (600) is used to fix and install the sample to be tested. The installation platform (504) can drive the sample to be tested to be immersed in the insulating oil (401) and to contact the lower electrode (402). The explosion-proof test chamber (100) is equipped with the lifting motion mechanism (700), which includes a lifting platform (701) capable of lifting linear motion. An upper electrode (705) is fixedly connected to the lifting platform (701) via a mounting arm (704). After the oil bath (400) is in the test position, the lifting platform (701) can drive the upper electrode (705) to descend and contact the upper surface of the sample to be tested. Both the upper electrode (705) and the lower electrode (402) are electrically connected to the high-voltage power supply control system (900).

2. The high-voltage breakdown testing device for plastic materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The horizontal motion mechanism (300) further includes a guide rail (301), a sliding table (302), a lead screw, and a drive motor (304). The guide rail (301) is fixedly connected to the bottom surface of the test explosion-proof box (100). The sliding table (302) is slidably connected to the guide rail (301). The horizontal motion machine (305) is fixedly connected to the sliding table (302) through a mounting bracket (306). A first lead screw (303) seat is fixedly connected to the sliding table (302). A first lead screw (303) is threadedly connected to the first lead screw (303) seat. The first lead screw (303) is poweredly connected to the drive motor (304).

3. The high-voltage breakdown testing device for plastic materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The immersion mechanism (500) further includes a frame (501), a second lead screw (502), a guide column (503), and a first power input component. The frame (501) is fixedly connected to the oil bath tank (400), the guide column (503) is fixedly connected to the frame (501), the mounting platform (504) is slidably connected to the guide column (503), the second lead screw (502) seat is fixedly connected to the mounting platform (504), and the second lead screw (502) is threadedly connected to the second lead screw (502) seat. The first power input component is in power cooperation with the second lead screw (502), and the first power input component can provide power to the second lead screw (502).

4. The high-voltage breakdown testing device for plastic materials according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first power input component includes a first worm gear (5051), a first worm (5052), a first gear (5053), and a first rack (5054). The bottom end of the second lead screw (502) is fixedly connected to the first worm gear (5051). The first worm (5052) is rotatably connected to the frame (501). The first worm (5052) meshes with the first worm gear (5051). The end of the first worm (5052) is fixedly connected to the first gear (5053). The first rack (5054) is fixedly connected inside the test explosion-proof box (100) in cooperation with the first gear (5053).

5. The high-voltage breakdown testing device for plastic materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sample placement mechanism (600) includes a connecting frame (601), a sample stage (602), and fixing components (603). The connecting frame (601) is fixedly connected to the mounting platform (504). The sample stage (602) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the connecting frame (601). The sample stage (602) is provided with a sample slot (6021). A support frame (604) is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the sample slot (6021). At least two sets of fixing components (603) are provided on the sample stage (602) at the edge of the sample slot (6021). After the sample to be tested is placed in the sample slot (6021), the support frame (604) supports the bottom surface of the sample to be tested, and the fixing components (603) fix and press the sample to be tested into the sample slot (6021). The fixing component (603) includes a rotating arm (6031), a lower pressure plate (6032), a screw (6033), and an operating plate (6034). The rotating arm (6031) is rotatably connected to the edge of the sample slot (6021) on the sample stage (602). The end of the rotating arm (6031) is threadedly connected to the screw (6033). The bottom end of the screw (6033) is fixedly connected to the lower pressure plate (6032), and the top end of the screw (6033) is fixedly connected to the operating plate (6034).

6. The high-voltage breakdown testing device for plastic materials according to claim 2, characterized in that: The lifting mechanism (700) further includes a sliding column (702), a third lead screw (703), and a second power input component. The sliding column (702) is fixedly connected inside the explosion-proof test box (100). The lifting platform (701) is slidably connected to the sliding column (702). A seat for the third lead screw (703) is fixedly connected to the lifting platform (701). The third lead screw (703) is threadedly connected to the seat for the third lead screw (703). The third lead screw (703) is in power cooperation with the second power input component.

7. The high-voltage breakdown testing device for plastic materials according to claim 6, characterized in that: The second power input component includes a second worm gear (7061), a second worm (7062), and a first ratchet component (7063). The third lead screw (703) is a reciprocating lead screw. The bottom end of the third lead screw (703) is fixedly connected to a first input shaft (7064). The second worm gear (7061) is fixedly connected to the first input shaft (7064). The second worm (7062) is rotatably connected inside the test explosion-proof box (100). The second worm (7062) is meshed with the second worm gear (7061). The end of the second worm (7062) is fixedly connected to the power output shaft end of the first ratchet component (7063). The driven input shaft is fixedly connected to the power input shaft end of the first ratchet component (7063). The first lead screw (303) is a reciprocating lead screw. The end of the first lead screw (303) is fixedly connected to the second input shaft (801). The end of the second input shaft (801) is fixedly connected to the power output shaft end of the second ratchet component (802). The power input shaft end of the second ratchet component (802) is fixedly connected to the active input shaft. The active input shaft is poweredly connected to the drive motor (304). The active input shaft and the driven input shaft are connected by a first transmission assembly (803). Under the action of the first ratchet assembly (7063) and the second ratchet assembly (802), when the drive motor (304) drives the first lead screw (303) to rotate, the third lead screw (703) does not rotate. When the drive motor (304) drives the third lead screw (703) to rotate, the first lead screw (303) does not rotate.

8. The high-voltage breakdown testing device for plastic materials according to claim 5, characterized in that: The mounting arm (704) is provided with a sliding hole, and the upper electrode (705) is slidably connected in the sliding hole. A limiting stage (707) is fixedly connected to the insulating part of the upper electrode (705). A spring (708) is sleeved on the insulating part of the upper electrode (705). One end of the spring (708) is fixedly connected to the limiting stage (707), and the other end is fixedly connected to the mounting arm (704).

9. The high-voltage breakdown testing device for plastic materials according to claim 1, characterized in that: The door mechanism (200) includes an explosion-proof door (201), a fourth lead screw (202), a fifth lead screw (203), and a third power input component. Two sets of explosion-proof doors (201) are slidably connected to the test explosion-proof box (100) corresponding to the inlet and outlet (101). A guide column (503) is fixedly connected inside the test explosion-proof box (100), and two sets of traction platforms (205) are slidably connected to the guide column (503). Each set of traction platforms (205) is divided into... The explosion-proof door (201) is fixedly connected to a corresponding set of doors via a traction frame (206). The fourth lead screw (202) is threadedly connected to one set of traction platforms (205), and the fifth lead screw (203) is threadedly connected to another set of traction platforms (205). The adjacent ends of the fourth lead screw (202) and the fifth lead screw (203) are fixedly connected. The fourth lead screw (202) or the fifth lead screw (203) is poweredly connected to the third power input component.

10. A high-voltage breakdown testing device for plastic materials according to claim 9, characterized in that: The third power input component includes a central rotating shaft (2041), a third worm gear (2042), a third worm (2043), a second gear (2044), and a second rack (2045). The end of the fourth lead screw (202) is fixedly connected to the third input shaft. The central rotating shaft (2041) is rotatably connected inside the explosion-proof test box (100). The central rotating shaft (2041) and the third input shaft are poweredly connected through a second transmission assembly (2046). The third worm gear (2042) is fixedly connected to the central rotating shaft (2041). The test... The third worm gear (2043) is rotatably connected inside the explosion-proof box (100). The third worm gear (2043) is meshed with the third worm wheel (2042). A transmission shaft (2047) is fixedly connected to the third worm gear (2043). The transmission shaft (2047) is rotatably connected inside the explosion-proof test box (100). A second gear (2044) is fixedly connected to the transmission shaft (2047). A second rack (2045) is fixedly connected to the horizontal motion machine (305) in cooperation with the second gear (2044).

Images