A vane shear testing device for deep soft soil
By designing a vane shear test device for deep soft soil, and using expanding fluid to drive the shear plate to be inserted into the soil, the problems of insufficient depth and soil disturbance in the existing technology are solved, and accurate shear tests for deep soil are realized.
Patent Information
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- NORTHWEST ENGINEERING CORPORATION LIMITED
- Filing Date
- 2026-04-29
- Publication Date
- 2026-06-16
AI Technical Summary
The depth measured by existing in-situ vane shear tests is relatively shallow, which cannot meet the needs of deep infrastructure projects, and the indoor sample preparation of soft soil is easily disturbed, resulting in inaccurate parameters.
A vane shear test device for deep soft soil was designed, comprising a conveying assembly, a sleeve, a capsule assembly, and a shearing assembly. The shearing test is conducted by inserting the shearing plate into the soil through an expanding fluid. The device is placed at the bottom of a deep borehole via a drill rod for testing.
This invention enables accurate vane shear tests in deep soil, solving the problem of insufficient depth, reducing soil disturbance, and improving the authenticity and accuracy of the test.
Smart Images
Figure CN122215748A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] This invention relates to a vane shear test device for deep soft soil, belonging to the field of in-situ testing technology for soil and rock. Background Technology
[0002] During engineering surveys, it is often necessary to conduct geotechnical tests on soil samples to obtain the physical and mechanical parameters of the soil. In this process, the physical and mechanical parameters obtained by in-situ testing are more realistic and reliable.
[0003] Currently, there are two methods to obtain soil vane shear parameters: one is through laboratory sample preparation and the other is through field testing. Because soft soil is a highly sensitive soil type, laboratory sample preparation often causes soil disturbance, resulting in significant discrepancies between the measured parameters and the actual values. Furthermore, with the increasing scale of modern engineering projects, the depth of building foundations is also increasing. Existing in-situ vane shear tests measure relatively shallow depths, which cannot meet the needs of current engineering projects. Summary of the Invention
[0004] This invention provides a vane shear test device for deep soft soil, which can solve the problem that the depth measured by existing in-situ vane shear tests is too shallow and cannot meet the needs of current engineering.
[0005] This invention provides a vane shear test device for deep soft soil, the device comprising: The delivery assembly, connected to the bottom end of the drill rod of the drilling rig, is used to deliver the expanding fluid; A sleeve, the top of which is connected to the conveying assembly; the diameter of the sleeve matches the diameter of the borehole; A capsule assembly is fixed inside the sleeve and connected to the delivery assembly for receiving the expanding fluid; the capsule assembly is coaxially arranged with the sleeve. A shearing assembly is fixed to the outer wall of the capsule assembly; a clearance hole is provided on the side wall of the sleeve, and the capsule assembly is used to expand by the expansion fluid to drive the shearing assembly to extend out of the clearance hole; A tapered tip is attached to the bottom end of the sleeve.
[0006] Optionally, the conveying assembly includes: An adapter, the bottom of which is connected to the top of the sleeve, and the top of which is connected to the bottom of the drill rod; The guide tube extends from the adapter and is connected to the delivery tube at the center of the drill pipe, while the other end is fixed to the bladder assembly. It is used to guide the expanding fluid delivered in the delivery tube into the bladder assembly.
[0007] Optionally, the capsule assembly includes: An expansion bladder, located inside the sleeve and connected to the guide tube, is used to receive the expansion fluid and then expand; the expansion bladder is coaxially arranged with the sleeve. A limiting mechanism is fixed on the inner wall of the sleeve to limit the position of the inflatable bladder.
[0008] Optionally, the limiting mechanism includes: Two fixing plates are respectively disposed at the top and bottom of the expansion bladder and are both fixed to the inner wall of the sleeve; the expansion bladder is engaged between the two fixing plates.
[0009] Optionally, the cutting component includes: Four shearing plates are fixed to the outer wall of the expansion bladder in a cross shape; four clearance holes are provided on the side wall of the sleeve, and the clearance holes correspond one-to-one with the shearing plates, and the two are matched in size; The expansion bladder is used to expand and drive the shear plate to extend from the corresponding clearance hole, so that the shear plate can be inserted into the soil outside the sleeve.
[0010] Optionally, the drill pipe, the adapter, the sleeve, and the tapered tip are all connected by threads.
[0011] Optionally, both the sleeve and the expansion bladder are cylindrical.
[0012] Optionally, the fixing plate is disc-shaped, and the diameter of the fixing plate matches the inner diameter of the inflatable bladder.
[0013] Optionally, the inflatable bladder is made of rubber. The beneficial effects that this invention can produce include: The vane shear testing device for deep soft soil provided by this invention introduces expanding fluid into a capsule assembly via a delivery component, causing the capsule assembly to expand. This expansion drives a shearing component fixed to the outer wall of the capsule assembly to extend from a clearance hole on the side wall of the sleeve, allowing the shearing component to insert into the soil outside the sleeve for soil shear testing. This invention allows the shear testing device to be placed at the bottom of a relatively deep borehole using the drill rod of a drilling rig, thus solving the problem that existing in-situ vane shear tests measure only a shallow depth, failing to meet current engineering needs. Attached Figure Description
[0014] Figure 1 This is a front view of the vane shearing test device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a top view of the vane shearing test device provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the shear plate after it has been pushed through, as provided in an embodiment of the present invention. Figure label: 1. Drain tube; 2. Adapter; 3. Fixing plate; 4. Shearing plate; 5. Inflation bladder; 6. Sleeve; 7. Conical tip. Detailed Implementation
[0015] In the following description, specific details such as particular system architectures and techniques are set forth for illustrative purposes and not for limitation, in order to provide a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the invention. However, those skilled in the art will understand that the invention can be implemented in other embodiments without these specific details. In other instances, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, apparatuses, circuits, and methods are omitted so as not to obscure the description of the invention with unnecessary detail.
[0016] This invention provides a vane shear testing device for deep soft soil, such as... Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the device includes: The delivery assembly, connected to the bottom end of the drill rod of the drilling rig, is used to deliver the expanding fluid; Sleeve 6, the top end of which is connected to the conveying assembly; the diameter of sleeve 6 matches the diameter of the borehole; The capsule assembly is fixed inside the sleeve 6 and connected to the delivery assembly for receiving the expanding fluid; the capsule assembly is coaxially arranged with the sleeve 6. A shearing assembly is fixed to the outer wall of the capsule assembly; a clearance hole is provided on the side wall of the sleeve 6, and the capsule assembly is used to expand by the expansion fluid to drive the shearing assembly to extend out of the clearance hole; The conical tip 7 is connected to the bottom end of the sleeve 6.
[0017] The conveying components include: Adapter 2, the bottom end of which is connected to the top end of sleeve 6, and the top end of which is connected to the bottom end of drill pipe; The guide tube 1 extends from the adapter 2 and is connected to the delivery tube at the center of the drill pipe. The other end is fixed to the bladder assembly and is used to guide the expansion fluid delivered in the delivery tube into the bladder assembly.
[0018] The capsule assembly includes: The expansion bladder 5 is located inside the sleeve 6 and is connected to the guide tube 1. It is used to receive the expansion fluid and then expand. The expansion bladder 5 and the sleeve 6 are coaxially arranged. The limiting mechanism is fixed on the inner wall of the sleeve 6 and is used to limit the position of the expansion bladder 5.
[0019] The limiting mechanism includes: Two fixing plates 3 are respectively set at the top and bottom of the expansion bladder 5 and are both fixed on the inner wall of the sleeve 6; the expansion bladder 5 is clamped between the two fixing plates 3.
[0020] The cutting component includes: Four shearing plates 4 are fixed in a cross shape on the outer wall of the expansion bladder 5; four clearance holes are provided on the side wall of the sleeve 6, and the clearance holes correspond one-to-one with the shearing plates 4, and the two are matched in size. The expansion bladder 5 is used to expand and drive the shear plate 4 to extend out of the corresponding clearance hole so that the shear plate 4 can be inserted into the soil outside the sleeve 6.
[0021] In this invention, the drill rod, adapter 2, sleeve 6 and conical tip 7 are all connected by threads.
[0022] refer to Figures 1 to 3 As shown, one end of the guide tube 1 extends from the adapter 2, and the other end is fixed to the expansion bladder 5. The expansion bladder 5 is fixed to the sleeve 6 by upper and lower fixing plates 3. The adapter 2 and the sleeve 6 are connected by threads. Similarly, the conical tip 7 is also connected to the sleeve 6 by threads. The shearing plate 4 is fixed to the expansion bladder 5. The sleeve 6 has four corresponding cuts (i.e., clearance holes) to ensure that the shearing plate 4 can pass through the cuts. Due to the pore-shrinking effect of some soft soil, the lower end of the conical tip 7 is conical, which allows it to quickly and effectively pass through the soil and prevents pore blockage.
[0023] In this invention, the guide tube 1 can be a metal round tube, with one end of its interface threadedly connected to the expansion bladder 5 and the other end connected to the delivery tube at the center of the drill rod.
[0024] The adapter 2 can be a metal product, with its upper part threaded to the drill rod and its lower part cylindrical, which is threaded to the sleeve 6.
[0025] The sleeve 6 can be a metal product, cylindrical in shape, with orthogonally engraved notches (i.e., clearance holes) on its outer wall. The height and width of the notches are the same as the height and width of the shearing plate 4. The diameter of the sleeve 6 can be machined to match the diameter of the drilled hole.
[0026] The fixing plate 3 can be a metal product, and it is disc-shaped. The inflatable bladder 5 is fixed on the upper and lower fixing plates 3.
[0027] The shear plate 4 can be a metal product, connected to the expansion bladder 5, and its outer end is blade-shaped.
[0028] The inflatable bladder 5 can be made of rubber, is cylindrical, and has a flow guide tube interface fixed on its upper part.
[0029] The tapered tip 7 can be a metal product, with one end in a cone shape and the other end in a cylindrical shape, the cylindrical part having internal threads. The tapered tip 7 is threadedly connected to the sleeve 6.
[0030] After the device of this invention is assembled, the upper end of the adapter 2 can be connected to the drill rod, and the guide pipe interface can be connected to the guide pipe 1. The guide pipe 1 can be connected to a ground water pump or air pump through the delivery pipe in the hollow part of the drill rod. When the device of this invention penetrates the borehole and is lowered to the depth to be measured, the expansion bladder 5 is filled with liquid (gas) through the guide pipe 1. After it expands, pressure is provided, so that the expansion bladder 5 expands to completely fit the inner wall of the sleeve 6. At this time, the shear plate 4 connected to the expansion bladder 5 passes through the clearance hole of the sleeve 6 and is inserted into the soil. Then, by rotating the drill rod by the drilling rig, the vane shear test can be performed.
[0031] This invention introduces expansion fluid into a capsule assembly via a delivery component, causing the capsule assembly to expand. This expansion drives a shearing component fixed to the outer wall of the capsule assembly to extend from a clearance hole on the side wall of the sleeve 6, allowing the shearing component to insert into the soil outside the sleeve 6 for soil shearing testing. This invention also allows the shearing testing device to be placed at the bottom of a relatively deep borehole using the drill rod of a drilling rig, thus solving the problem that existing in-situ vane shear tests measure only a shallow depth and cannot meet current engineering needs.
[0032] The above descriptions are merely a few embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention in any way. Although the present invention has been disclosed above with reference to preferred embodiments, it is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications or alterations made by those skilled in the art without departing from the scope of the technical solution of the present invention using the disclosed technical content are equivalent to equivalent implementation cases and fall within the scope of the technical solution.
Claims
1. A vane shear test device for deep soft soil, characterized in that, The device includes: The delivery assembly, connected to the bottom end of the drill rod of the drilling rig, is used to deliver the expanding fluid; A sleeve, the top of which is connected to the conveying assembly; the diameter of the sleeve matches the diameter of the borehole; A capsule assembly is fixed inside the sleeve and connected to the delivery assembly for receiving the expanding fluid; the capsule assembly is coaxially arranged with the sleeve. A shearing assembly is fixed to the outer wall of the capsule assembly; a clearance hole is provided on the side wall of the sleeve, and the capsule assembly is used to expand by the expansion fluid to drive the shearing assembly to extend out of the clearance hole; A tapered tip is attached to the bottom end of the sleeve.
2. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The conveying assembly includes: An adapter, the bottom of which is connected to the top of the sleeve, and the top of which is connected to the bottom of the drill rod; The guide tube extends from the adapter and is connected to the delivery tube at the center of the drill pipe, while the other end is fixed to the bladder assembly. It is used to guide the expanding fluid delivered in the delivery tube into the bladder assembly.
3. The apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that, The capsule assembly includes: An expansion bladder, located inside the sleeve and connected to the guide tube, is used to receive the expansion fluid and then expand; the expansion bladder is coaxially arranged with the sleeve. A limiting mechanism is fixed on the inner wall of the sleeve to limit the position of the inflatable bladder.
4. The apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that, The limiting mechanism includes: Two fixing plates are respectively disposed at the top and bottom of the expansion bladder and are both fixed to the inner wall of the sleeve; the expansion bladder is engaged between the two fixing plates.
5. The apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that, The shearing component includes: Four shearing plates are fixed to the outer wall of the expansion bladder in a cross shape; four clearance holes are provided on the side wall of the sleeve, and the clearance holes correspond one-to-one with the shearing plates, and the two are matched in size; The expansion bladder is used to expand and drive the shear plate to extend from the corresponding clearance hole, so that the shear plate can be inserted into the soil outside the sleeve.
6. The apparatus according to claim 2, characterized in that, The drill pipe, the adapter, the sleeve, and the tapered tip are all connected by threads.
7. The apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that, Both the sleeve and the expansion bladder are cylindrical.
8. The apparatus according to claim 4, characterized in that, The fixing plate is disc-shaped, and the diameter of the fixing plate matches the inner diameter of the inflatable bladder.
9. The apparatus according to claim 3, characterized in that, The inflatable bladder is made of rubber.