A rolling mode soft x-ray emitting device

Abstract

A rolling mode triboelectric soft X-ray emitting device, which generates soft X-rays through rolling friction, comprises a system support, a driving structure comprising a driving motor, a driving shaft and a first triboelectric material layer, the driving motor being configured to drive the driving shaft to rotate, a rotating structure comprising a rotating shaft and a second triboelectric material layer, the rotating shaft being rotatably mounted to the system support, and a transmission structure comprising a transmission belt, the transmission belt being sleeved on the driving shaft and the rotating shaft and having a third triboelectric material surface, wherein the electronegativities of the first, second and third triboelectric materials are different from each other. The present application adopts a closed-loop transmission belt mechanical structure in a vacuum environment, replaces the traditional reciprocating contact or single adhesive tape peeling structure, realizes continuous and stable emission of triboelectric X-rays, and effectively solves the problems of fast material consumption and discontinuous operation in the prior art.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of X-ray sources, and in particular to a rolling mode triboelectric soft X-ray emitting device. Background Technology

[0002] As the manufacturing industry transforms towards high-end and intelligent manufacturing, the demand for high-precision, non-destructive analysis of material composition, internal structure, and defects in materials science and industrial testing is becoming increasingly urgent. X-ray inspection technology, with its unique penetration and compositional analysis capabilities, plays an irreplaceable role in this process. However, traditional large-scale, fixed X-ray equipment is insufficient to meet the needs of on-site, rapid, and low-cost testing. Therefore, the development of miniaturized, portable X-ray sources has become a clear technological direction in this field.

[0003] Currently, the main technological pathways for miniaturizing X-ray sources include traditional hot cathode X-ray sources, field emission cold cathode X-ray sources (such as carbon nanotube cathodes), and pyroelectric X-ray sources. However, each of these solutions has its own limitations. While traditional hot cathode X-ray sources can achieve a degree of portability through miniaturized X-ray tubes and high-voltage power supplies, they still rely on high-temperature electron emission and generally suffer from inherent drawbacks such as high power consumption, complex thermal management, and slow start-up. Furthermore, the high-voltage power supply module is often still bulky, hindering the equipment's endurance and lightweight development. Field emission cold cathode X-ray sources require no heating, have fast response speeds, and more compact structures, but face industrialization challenges such as insufficient emission current stability, cathode lifespan significantly affected by vacuum level and material properties, and high manufacturing costs, making it difficult to achieve a balance between reliability and economy. While pyroelectric X-ray sources have simple structures, their X-ray output intensity is low, their pulse characteristics are strong, and their repeatability and controllability are poor. They are mainly suitable for specific transient detection scenarios and cannot meet the needs of continuous and stable detection. Therefore, existing miniaturization technologies still struggle to balance low power consumption, high stability, good controllability, and low cost, hindering the further promotion and application of portable X-ray detection technology.

[0004] In recent years, X-ray sources based on the triboelectric effect have attracted attention as a novel technology for directly converting mechanical energy into X-rays. They generate a high electric field through triboelectricity to accelerate electrons and bombard a target material, theoretically possessing the potential for simple structure, low energy consumption, and no need for an external high-voltage power supply. However, existing triboelectric X-ray source technology is still in its early stages and has significant shortcomings: First, the core friction material (such as release tape) has poor durability and rapid performance decay, resulting in poor output stability; second, the generation of X-rays directly depends on the parameters of the mechanical contact-separation process (such as contact force, separation speed, and frequency), and existing devices generally lack precise control mechanisms for these key mechanical parameters. This makes it difficult to actively control and optimize the intensity and energy spectrum characteristics of X-rays, resulting in low output repeatability and severely limiting its application in non-destructive testing scenarios.

[0005] Therefore, there is a need to design a novel device that is compact in structure, capable of real-time monitoring and fine-tuning of the frictional contact process, thereby achieving stable and controllable soft X-ray output. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following solution.

[0007] A rolling mode triboelectric soft X-ray emitting device, the device generating soft X-rays through rolling friction; it includes: a system support;

[0008] A drive structure includes a drive motor, a drive shaft, and a first triboelectric material layer, wherein the drive motor is configured to drive the drive shaft to rotate.

[0009] A rotating structure includes a rotating shaft and a second triboelectric material layer, the rotating shaft being rotatably mounted on the system bracket;

[0010] A transmission structure includes a transmission belt sleeved on a drive shaft and a rotating shaft, and having a third triboelectric material surface;

[0011] Among them, the electronegativity of the first, second and third triboelectric materials are different from each other.

[0012] Optionally, the position of the rotating shaft relative to the drive shaft is adjustable to regulate the X-ray output intensity by changing the tension of the transmission belt.

[0013] Optionally, the input power of the drive motor is adjustable to regulate the X-ray output power by changing the speed of the drive shaft.

[0014] Optionally, the surface of the transmission belt is provided with a micro-nano array structure to increase the frictional contact area.

[0015] Optionally, the device further includes a vacuum system configured to provide a vacuum operating environment for the device, the pressure of which is approximately 1 Pa.

[0016] Optionally, the drive motor is connected to the drive shaft via a coupling.

[0017] Optionally, the first triboelectric material layer is selected from copper; the second triboelectric material layer is selected from polyurethane; and the material of the transmission belt is selected from polydimethylsiloxane.

[0018] A method for a rolling mode triboelectric soft X-ray emitting device includes:

[0019] The rolling mode triboelectric soft X-ray emitting device is placed in a vacuum environment;

[0020] Start the drive motor to make the drive shaft rotate, which drives the transmission belt and the rotating shaft to move, resulting in rolling friction;

[0021] X-rays are generated through the triboelectric effect.

[0022] Optionally, the method further includes adjusting the distance between the rotating shaft and the drive shaft to change the tension of the transmission belt, thereby controlling the X-ray intensity.

[0023] Optionally, the method further includes adjusting the speed of the drive motor to regulate the X-ray power.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial technical effects:

[0025] This invention employs a closed-loop conveyor belt mechanical structure in a vacuum environment, replacing the traditional reciprocating contact or single-time tape peeling structure, thereby achieving continuous and stable emission of triboelectric X-rays and effectively solving the problems of rapid material consumption and discontinuous operation in existing technologies.

[0026] This invention utilizes the interface combination of three different electronegative materials, and in particular, uses the drive shaft directly as a low electronegative metal target to efficiently accumulate charge and induce electron bombardment during rolling friction, generating soft X-rays without the need for an external high-voltage power supply.

[0027] This invention provides a flexible mechanical control method that can change the tension of the transmission belt by adjusting the shaft spacing or the contact frequency by adjusting the motor speed, thereby achieving precise control of the X-ray output intensity and power. It is easy to operate and does not require a complex electrical control system.

[0028] This invention, by setting a micro-nano array structure on the surface of a friction material, can effectively increase the frictional contact area, enhance the surface charge density, and thus significantly improve the emission efficiency and intensity of X-rays. Attached Figure Description

[0029] The accompanying drawings illustrate exemplary embodiments of the invention and, together with the description thereof, serve to explain the principles of the invention. These drawings are included to provide a further understanding of the invention and are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification.

[0030] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a rolling mode triboelectric soft X-ray emitting device according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 2 The drive shaft structure described in this embodiment of the invention has a surface made of Cu material;

[0032] Figure 3 The transmission shaft structure described in this embodiment of the invention has a surface made of PU material;

[0033] Figure 4 The transmission belt described in this embodiment of the invention is made of PDMS material;

[0034] Figure 5 These are X-ray energy spectra under different working conditions as described in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the drive shaft connection according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 7 The surface of the polydimethylsiloxane transmission belt described in this embodiment of the invention is provided with a micro-nano array structure;

[0037] Figure 8 This is the vacuum pump system described in the embodiments of the present invention;

[0038] Reference numerals: 1. Drive motor; 2. Drive shaft; 3. First triboelectric material layer; 4. Coupling; 5. Rotating shaft; 6. Second triboelectric material layer; 7. System bracket; 8. Transmission belt; 9. Set screw. Detailed Implementation

[0039] The following is in conjunction with the appendix Figures 1 to 8 The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for illustrative purposes only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Furthermore, it should be noted that, for ease of description, only the parts relevant to the present invention are shown in the accompanying drawings.

[0040] It should be noted that, unless otherwise specified, the embodiments and features described in this invention can be combined with each other. The technical solution of this invention will now be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0041] Unless otherwise stated, the exemplary embodiments / exemplifications shown are to be understood as providing exemplary features of various details that provide ways in which the technical concept of the invention can be implemented in practice. Therefore, unless otherwise stated, the features of the various embodiments / exemplifications may be additionally combined, separated, interchanged and / or rearranged without departing from the technical concept of the invention.

[0042] The use of crosshairs and / or shading in the accompanying drawings is generally used to clarify the boundaries between adjacent components. Thus, unless otherwise stated, the presence or absence of crosshairs or shading does not convey or indicate any preference or requirement for the specific material, material properties, dimensions, proportions, commonalities between the illustrated components, or any other characteristics, properties, etc., of the components. Furthermore, in the accompanying drawings, the dimensions and relative dimensions of components may be exaggerated for clarity and / or descriptive purposes. When exemplary embodiments can be implemented differently, a specific process sequence may be performed in a different order than that described. For example, two consecutively described processes may be performed substantially simultaneously or in the reverse order of their description. Furthermore, the same reference numerals denote the same components.

[0043] When a component is referred to as being "on" or "above" another component, "connected to," or "joined to" another component, the component may be directly on, directly connected to, or directly joined to the other component, or there may be intermediate components. However, when a component is referred to as being "directly on" another component, "directly connected to," or "directly joined to" another component, there are no intermediate components. Therefore, the term "connection" can refer to a physical connection, an electrical connection, etc., and may or may not have intermediate components.

[0044] For descriptive purposes, the present invention may use spatial relative terms such as “below,” “under,” “below,” “down,” “above,” “above,” “higher,” and “side (e.g., in a “sidewall”)” to describe the relationship between one component and another component as shown in the accompanying drawings. In addition to the orientations depicted in the drawings, the spatial relative terms are also intended to encompass different orientations of the device during use, operation, and / or manufacture. For example, if the device in the drawings is flipped, a component described as “below” or “under” another component or feature would subsequently be positioned “above” said other component or feature. Thus, the exemplary term “below” can encompass both “above” and “below” orientations. Furthermore, the device may be otherwise positioned (e.g., rotated 90 degrees or in other orientations), thus interpreting the spatial relative descriptive terms used herein accordingly.

[0045] The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments and is not intended to be limiting. As used herein, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms “a” and “the” are intended to include the plural forms as well. Furthermore, when the terms “comprising” and / or “including” and variations thereof are used in this specification, it indicates the presence of the stated features, integrals, steps, operations, parts, components, and / or groups thereof, but does not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integrals, steps, operations, parts, components, and / or groups thereof. It should also be noted that, as used herein, the terms “substantially,” “about,” and other similar terms are used as approximate terms rather than as terms of degree, thus explaining the inherent biases in measurements, calculated values, and / or provided values ​​that would be recognized by one of ordinary skill in the art.

[0046] In one embodiment, the present invention provides a rolling mode triboelectric soft X-ray emitting device, the device generating soft X-rays through rolling friction; it includes: a system support;

[0047] A drive structure includes a drive motor, a drive shaft, and a first triboelectric material layer, wherein the drive motor is configured to drive the drive shaft to rotate.

[0048] A rotating structure includes a rotating shaft and a second triboelectric material layer, the rotating shaft being rotatably mounted on the system bracket;

[0049] A transmission structure includes a transmission belt sleeved on a drive shaft and a rotating shaft, and having a third triboelectric material surface;

[0050] Among them, the electronegativity of the first, second and third triboelectric materials are different from each other.

[0051] Optionally, the position of the rotating shaft relative to the drive shaft is adjustable to regulate the X-ray output intensity by changing the tension of the transmission belt.

[0052] Optionally, the input power of the drive motor is adjustable to regulate the X-ray output power by changing the speed of the drive shaft.

[0053] Optionally, the surface of the transmission belt is provided with a micro-nano array structure to increase the frictional contact area.

[0054] Optionally, the device further includes a vacuum system configured to provide a vacuum operating environment for the device, the pressure of which is approximately 1 Pa.

[0055] Optionally, the drive motor is connected to the drive shaft via a coupling.

[0056] Optionally, the first triboelectric material layer is selected from copper; the second triboelectric material layer is selected from polyurethane; and the material of the transmission belt is selected from polydimethylsiloxane.

[0057] In another embodiment, refer to Figure 1 The present invention provides a rolling mode triboelectric soft X-ray emitting device, including a system support, a driving structure, a rotating structure and a transmission structure disposed on the system support;

[0058] The driving structure includes a drive motor 1, a drive shaft 2, and a first triboelectric material layer 3 disposed on the surface of the drive shaft. The drive motor 1 is connected to the drive shaft 2 to drive it to rotate.

[0059] The rotating structure includes a rotating shaft 5 and a second triboelectric material layer 6 disposed on the surface of the rotating shaft. The rotating shaft 5 is rotatably mounted on the system bracket.

[0060] The transmission structure includes a transmission belt 8 sleeved on the drive shaft 2 and the rotating shaft 5, the transmission belt 8 having a third triboelectric material surface; wherein, the first triboelectric material layer 3 is a low electronegativity material, the second triboelectric material layer 6 and the third triboelectric material surface are high electronegativity materials, and the electronegativity of the first triboelectric material layer, the second triboelectric material layer and the transmission belt are different from each other; within an optional range, the difference in electronegativity between the first, second and third triboelectric material layers is as large as possible, which is beneficial to the surface charge density after contact;

[0061] Furthermore, the electronegativity of the surface of the third triboelectric material is between that of the first and second triboelectric materials.

[0062] The device also includes a vacuum system configured to provide a vacuum working environment with a pressure of approximately 1 Pa;

[0063] In the vacuum working environment, the drive motor drives the drive shaft to rotate, and the transmission belt drives the rotating shaft to rotate, so that the transmission belt makes continuous rolling friction contact and separation with the first triboelectric material layer and the second triboelectric material layer respectively, generating electron bombardment on the surface of the first triboelectric material layer to emit X-rays.

[0064] Furthermore, the drive motor is fixed on the system bracket, and the position of the rotating shaft relative to the drive shaft is adjustable. By adjusting the distance between the rotating shaft and the drive shaft, the tension of the transmission belt is changed, thereby controlling the output intensity of X-rays.

[0065] Furthermore, refer to Figure 6The drive structure also includes a coupling, through which the output shaft of the drive motor 1 is connected to the drive shaft 2 by the coupling and by two set screws 9; the input power of the drive motor is adjustable, and by changing the speed of the drive motor, the contact separation frequency between the transmission belt and the drive shaft is controlled, thereby adjusting the X-ray output power.

[0066] Furthermore, refer to Figure 7 The surface of the transmission belt is provided with a micro-nano array structure, which includes micron- or nano-scale embossed patterns. The micro-nano array is a mushroom-shaped structure with a height of approximately 15 micrometers, a top diameter of approximately 30 micrometers, a bottom diameter of 20 micrometers, and a spacing of 40 micrometers.

[0067] Furthermore, the first triboelectric material layer is selected from copper, aluminum, or stainless steel; the second triboelectric material layer is selected from polyurethane, polytetrafluoroethylene, or polyvinyl chloride; and the material of the transmission belt is selected from polydimethylsiloxane, natural rubber, or silicone rubber.

[0068] Preferably, the first triboelectric material layer is a copper material layer, the second triboelectric material layer is a polyurethane material layer, and the transmission belt is a polydimethylsiloxane belt, which can be used to prepare micro-nano array structures on the material surface.

[0069] In another embodiment, the present invention provides a method for a rolling mode triboelectric soft X-ray emitting device, comprising:

[0070] The rolling mode triboelectric soft X-ray emitting device is placed in a vacuum environment;

[0071] Start the drive motor to make the drive shaft rotate, which drives the transmission belt and the rotating shaft to move, resulting in rolling friction;

[0072] X-rays are generated through the triboelectric effect.

[0073] Optionally, the method further includes adjusting the distance between the rotating shaft and the drive shaft to change the tension of the transmission belt, thereby controlling the X-ray intensity.

[0074] Optionally, the method further includes adjusting the speed of the drive motor to regulate the X-ray power.

[0075] In another embodiment, the present invention provides a method for generating soft X-rays based on the rolling triboelectric effect, comprising the following steps:

[0076] Step 1: Place the entire device, including the drive structure, rotating structure and transmission structure, into the vacuum system, start the vacuum system, and pump the internal pressure to and maintain it at approximately 1 Pa.

[0077] Step 2: Power on the drive motor (1) to make its output shaft rotate. The rotation of the motor is transmitted to the drive shaft (2) through the coupling (4). The drive shaft drives the transmission belt (8) sleeved on it to move. The transmission belt (8) further drives the rotating shaft (5) in the rotating structure to rotate synchronously, so that the surface of the transmission belt (8) and the first triboelectric material layer (3) covering the surface of the drive shaft (2) and the second triboelectric material layer (6) covering the surface of the rotating shaft (5) have continuous and periodic rolling friction contact and separation.

[0078] Step 3: Generate and accelerate free electrons through the triboelectric effect;

[0079] Since the first triboelectric material layer (3) is a low electronegativity material (such as copper or aluminum), and the second triboelectric material layer (6) and the transmission belt (8) are high electronegativity materials (such as polyurethane or polydimethylsiloxane), the electronegativity of the three is different. During the rolling friction contact separation process, the material surface becomes charged due to friction, forming an electric field, which accelerates the movement of free electrons in the environment;

[0080] Step 4: Accelerated free electrons, driven by an electric field, undergo inelastic collisions with a positively charged material surface (usually a low-electron-negativity first triboelectric material layer); during this collision, part of the electron's kinetic energy is converted into photon energy, generating bremsstrahlung radiation, thereby emitting soft X-rays.

[0081] Step 5: Adjust the X-ray output power by regulating the motor speed;

[0082] Specifically, the input power of the motor (1) is changed to adjust the rotational speed of the drive shaft (2); the change in rotational speed directly changes the contact frequency and separation speed between the transmission belt (8) and the surface materials of the drive shaft (2) and the rotating shaft (5), thereby affecting the intensity of triboelectric generation and electron acceleration per unit time, and realizing continuous adjustment of the final X-ray output power;

[0083] Step 6: Adjust the X-ray output intensity by adjusting the axial spacing;

[0084] Adjusting the installation distance between the rotating shaft (5) and the driving structure (or driving shaft 2) will adjust the tension of the transmission belt (8), thereby affecting the contact pressure and contact area between the transmission belt and the surface materials of the two shafts, and ultimately changing the strength of the triboelectric effect and the intensity of electron bombardment, so as to achieve the control of X-ray output intensity.

[0085] In another embodiment, the present invention provides a rolling friction X-ray emitting device composed of a copper / polyurethane / PDMS combination. The device is placed in a vacuum chamber, and the ambient pressure is evacuated to approximately 1 Pa using a vacuum pump system. In the drive structure, a drive motor 1 is fixed to a system bracket 7 and connected to a drive shaft 2 via a coupling 4. (Refer to...) Figures 2 to 4 The surface of the drive shaft 2 is uniformly covered with a first triboelectric material layer 3. In this embodiment, copper (Cu) is selected as the material, serving as both the triboelectric positive electrode and the X-ray emission target. In the rotating structure, the surface of the rotating shaft 5 is covered with a second triboelectric material layer 6. In this embodiment, polyurethane (PU) is selected as the material. The transmission structure uses a transmission belt 8 made of polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS), which is fitted onto the drive shaft 2 and the rotating shaft 5. To enhance the triboelectric effect, a micron-sized mushroom-shaped array microstructure is fabricated on the surface of the PDMS transmission belt using photolithography. During operation, the motor 1 is energized and rotates, causing the drive shaft 2 to rotate and drive the transmission belt 8 to circulate. The transmission belt 8 then drives the rotating shaft 5 to rotate. The Cu surface, PU surface, and PDMS surface alternately undergo rolling friction contact and separation during the cyclical motion. Since Cu has low electronegativity, while PU and PDMS are second triboelectric material layers of different degrees, electrons transfer at the interface, making the Cu surface positively charged and the polymer material surface negatively charged. The established high-voltage electrostatic field accelerates electrons to bombard the Cu surface, generating X-rays. The X-ray energy spectrum was detected at a certain distance from the device using an Amptek X-123 detector.

[0086] like Figure 5 The image shows the X-ray energy spectrum under different operating conditions of this invention, measured using an Amptek X-123 detector. The X-ray energy range is approximately 0-30 keV, with different energy spectra under different input conditions. This confirms that the device can stably generate soft X-rays through cyclic rolling friction of three materials: Cu, PU, ​​and PDMS, in a 1 Pa vacuum environment. Compared to traditional reciprocating structures, this rolling mode operates more smoothly with no significant mechanical hysteresis.

[0087] Furthermore, the X-ray output intensity is controlled by adjusting the shaft spacing. In this embodiment, the first triboelectric material layer 3 is made of aluminum (Al), the second triboelectric material layer 6 is made of polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE), and the transmission belt 8 is made of natural rubber. An adjusting slide rail is provided on the system bracket 7, allowing the position of the rotating shaft 5 relative to the drive shaft 2 to be moved and locked. While maintaining a constant motor speed, the pretension of the transmission belt 8 is increased by changing the distance between the rotating shaft 5 and the drive shaft 2 (e.g., from 50mm to 60mm). The increased tension results in a tighter contact between the transmission belt and the shaft surface, increasing the effective contact area and thus improving the surface charge density.

[0088] Experiments show that as the shaft spacing increases, the pretension of the transmission belt increases, the contact between materials becomes more complete, and the X-ray count rate received by the detector increases significantly. This proves that the output power of X-rays can be effectively controlled by adjusting the geometric parameters of the mechanical structure.

[0089] Furthermore, the X-ray output frequency and power are controlled by adjusting the motor speed. The device's material composition is as follows: the first triboelectric material layer 3 is made of stainless steel, the second triboelectric material layer 6 is made of polyvinyl chloride (PVC), and the transmission belt 8 is made of silicone rubber. The drive motor 1 is connected to a frequency converter or voltage regulator, which can continuously adjust the input power to change the output speed. Under the conditions of fixed shaft spacing and vacuum environment (0.1 Pa), the motor speed is gradually increased. The increase in speed directly accelerates the contact separation frequency of the material surface, increases the amount of charge transfer generated per unit time, and simultaneously increases the frequency of electron bombardment of the target material.

[0090] As the motor speed increases, the X-ray output power shows a significant upward trend. Speed ​​reflects the rate of surface contact separation and directly affects the charge regeneration rate. This embodiment verifies the feasibility of adjusting the X-ray source output performance through electrical control (motor power).

[0091] In another embodiment, the present invention provides a rolling mode triboelectric soft X-ray emitting device, the device comprising a driving structure, a rotating structure, and a transmission structure;

[0092] The drive structure includes a drive motor 1, a drive shaft 2, a first triboelectric material layer 3, and a coupling 4; the drive motor 1 is connected to the drive shaft 2 through the coupling 4; the first triboelectric material layer 3 is uniformly covered on the surface of the drive shaft 2.

[0093] The transmission structure includes a system support 7 and a transmission belt 8. The drive motor 1 and the rotating shaft 5 are fixed on the system support, and the distance between them can be adjusted. Transmission is achieved through the transmission belt 8, and the three materials achieve sufficient sliding friction during the movement.

[0094] The rotating structure includes a rotating shaft 5 and a second triboelectric material layer 6.

[0095] The device also includes a vacuum pump system; the vacuum pump system provides a high vacuum environment for the vacuum cryogenic testing system.

[0096] The X-ray generation process is as follows:

[0097] Within the vacuum system, the system pressure is approximately 1 Pa. In the drive structure, the motor 1 is energized, driving the rotating structure to move via the transmission belt 8. During the movement, the surfaces of different materials come into full contact. Due to the different electronegativity of the surfaces of the first triboelectric material layer 3, the second triboelectric material layer 6, and the transmission belt 8 (the material combination is usually: metal Cu / Al, PTFE / PDMS / PVC, natural rubber, etc.), the surfaces become charged after friction, accelerating the movement of free electrons. These electrons then undergo inelastic collisions with the positively charged surface materials, generating bremsstrahlung radiation and emitting X-rays.

[0098] The rotational speed of the drive shaft 2 can be adjusted by regulating the input power of the motor 1. This speed reflects the surface contact condition and has a significant impact on X-ray output. Adjusting the speed of the motor 1 changes the contact time between materials and the surface separation speed, thereby regulating the X-ray output power. Adjusting the distance between the rotating shaft 5 and the drive structure changes the pretension of the transmission belt 8, affecting the contact condition of different material surfaces and thus the final X-ray output.

[0099] This invention employs a closed-loop rolling friction structure consisting of a drive shaft, a transmission belt, and a rotating shaft. This transforms intermittent contact-separation motion into continuous rolling contact and separation, significantly reducing wear and fatigue of materials at single points, extending the service life of the device, and achieving continuous and stable output of X-ray signals. It overcomes the shortcomings of traditional structures, such as strong pulse and poor repeatability.

[0100] Three friction materials with different electronegativity are introduced into the rolling interface to form a stepped electronegativity difference between the drive shaft (low electronegativity), the rotating shaft (high electronegativity), and the transmission belt (intermediate electronegativity). This generates a stronger charge transfer and accumulation effect during the rolling process. The surface of the drive shaft also serves as a friction positive electrode and an electron bombardment target, which improves the electron acceleration efficiency and X-ray generation intensity.

[0101] By changing the distance between the drive shaft and the rotating shaft, the tension of the transmission belt can be continuously adjusted. The tension directly affects the contact pressure and actual contact area between the transmission belt and the surfaces of the two shafts, thereby achieving precise mechanical control over the triboelectric charge density and the subsequent X-ray output intensity.

[0102] An adjustable drive motor is used, and the motor speed directly determines the rolling contact-separation frequency. The frequency change affects the amount of charge transfer per unit time and the speed of electric field establishment, thereby realizing continuous and rapid electrical control of X-ray output power.

[0103] By designing micron / nano-scale array structures on the surface of the transmission belt, the effective surface area of ​​frictional contact is significantly increased, and the surface charge density and triboelectric effect intensity are significantly improved under the same mechanical conditions, thereby further enhancing the emission efficiency and signal intensity of X-rays.

[0104] By combining the vacuum working environment, the scattering and energy loss of electrons by gas molecules are reduced, ensuring that electrons can be effectively accelerated and obtain sufficient energy in the electric field, and ultimately ensuring the generation of soft X-rays mainly composed of bremsstrahlung.

[0105] In summary, the technical contribution of this invention lies in constructing a novel triboelectric soft X-ray emission mechanism that can operate stably for a long time, has controllable output, and requires no external high-voltage power supply through a multi-level technical synergy of "rolling continuous operation - three-material interface coupling - mechanical / electrical dual-mode control - surface microstructure enhancement". This solution not only significantly improves the reliability and service life of the device, but also achieves effective control of output performance through simple mechanical adjustment, providing a practical technical path for the development of portable, low-power X-ray detection equipment.

[0106] In the description of this specification, the references to terms such as "one embodiment / mode," "some embodiments / modes," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment / mode or example is included in at least one embodiment / mode or example of this application. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment / mode or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments / modes or examples. Furthermore, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments / modes or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments / modes or examples.

[0107] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this application, "multiple" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0108] Those skilled in the art should understand that the above embodiments are merely for illustrating the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention. Those skilled in the art can make other changes or modifications based on the above disclosure, and these changes or modifications still fall within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A rolling mode triboelectric soft X-ray emitting device, characterized in that, The device generates soft X-rays through rolling friction; It includes: system support; A drive structure includes a drive motor, a drive shaft, and a first triboelectric material layer, wherein the drive motor is configured to drive the drive shaft to rotate. A rotating structure includes a rotating shaft and a second triboelectric material layer, the rotating shaft being rotatably mounted on the system bracket; A transmission structure includes a transmission belt, which is sleeved on a drive shaft and a rotating shaft and has a third triboelectric material surface; Among them, the electronegativity of the first, second and third triboelectric materials are different from each other.

2. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, Preferably, the position of the rotating shaft relative to the drive shaft is adjustable so as to regulate the X-ray output intensity by changing the tension of the transmission belt.

3. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The input power of the drive motor is adjustable so that the X-ray output power can be controlled by changing the speed of the drive shaft.

4. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The surface of the transmission belt is provided with a micro-nano array structure to increase the frictional contact area.

5. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The device also includes a vacuum system configured to provide a vacuum working environment for the device, the pressure of which is approximately 1 Pa.

6. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The drive motor is connected to the drive shaft via a coupling.

7. The apparatus according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first triboelectric material layer is selected from copper; the second triboelectric material layer is selected from polyurethane; and the material of the transmission belt is selected from polydimethylsiloxane.

8. A method for a rolling mode triboelectric soft X-ray emitting device, characterized in that, include: The rolling mode triboelectric soft X-ray emitting device is placed in a vacuum environment; Start the drive motor to make the drive shaft rotate, which drives the transmission belt and the rotating shaft to move, resulting in rolling friction; X-rays are generated through the triboelectric effect.

9. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, It also includes adjusting the distance between the rotating shaft and the drive shaft to change the tension of the transmission belt, thereby controlling the X-ray intensity.

10. The method according to claim 8, characterized in that, It also includes adjusting the speed of the drive motor to control the X-ray power.

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