Microcomputer controlled electro-hydraulic servo bridge expansion device testing machine

Abstract

The application discloses a microcomputer-controlled electro-hydraulic servo bridge expansion device testing machine, which comprises a base, a detection platform and a detection device. The base is provided with transverse sliding rails, longitudinal sliding rails and at least two groups of movable gantries. The detection platform comprises a first platform and a second platform. The first platform is provided with a vertical misalignment cylinder between the first platform and the transverse sliding rails. The second platform is provided with a misalignment turntable rail between the second platform and the longitudinal sliding rails. The detection device comprises transverse detection devices, longitudinal detection devices and vertical detection devices. The transverse detection devices can exert a transverse load on the first platform. At least two longitudinal loading cylinders of the longitudinal detection devices can independently exert a longitudinal load on the second platform. A plurality of vertical loading cylinders of the vertical detection devices can independently exert a vertical load on different parts of the bridge expansion device. The application can simulate longitudinal inclination, vertical inclination, transverse misalignment and multi-directional composite deformation conditions, and comprehensively detect the sealing performance, fatigue life and structural reliability of the bridge expansion device.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the technical field of bridge expansion joint testing equipment, specifically relating to a microcomputer-controlled electro-hydraulic servo bridge expansion joint testing machine. Background Technology

[0002] Bridge expansion joints are key components of bridge structures. Their core function is to accommodate longitudinal, lateral, and vertical displacements caused by factors such as temperature changes, vehicle loads, and foundation settlement, while also ensuring smooth vehicle traffic and structural airtightness. The mechanical properties, deformation coordination, and durability of the expansion joints directly affect the operational safety and service life of the bridge. Therefore, comprehensive performance testing using specialized testing machines is required before leaving the factory and before engineering application.

[0003] In existing technologies, bridge expansion joint testing equipment is mainly designed for single-direction, single-load conditions. In longitudinal (main expansion direction) testing, existing testing machines typically only have a single set of longitudinal loading mechanisms, capable of applying uniform tensile or compressive loads to the expansion joint, simulating only the simple condition of overall longitudinal expansion and contraction of the bridge. They cannot simulate the complex scenarios in actual operation where uneven deformation of the bridge beam and localized stress concentration lead to inconsistent longitudinal expansion and contraction at different parts of the expansion joint. In vertical testing, existing equipment mostly uses an integral vertical loading structure, capable of applying uniform vertical compressive loads to the expansion joint, unable to reproduce scenarios where different parts of the bridge expansion joint bear differentiated vertical loads under conditions such as localized vehicle crushing or vertical bridge rotation. Furthermore, existing equipment lacks sufficient ability to simulate lateral misalignment deformation and lacks integrated simulation capabilities for complex deformation conditions such as longitudinal tilt and vertical tilt.

[0004] In actual bridge operation, expansion joints face extremely complex conditions: on the one hand, uneven longitudinal expansion and contraction of the bridge beam may cause the expansion joint to exhibit longitudinal tilting deformation with one side wider than the other; on the other hand, uneven vehicle loading and bridge bearing settlement may cause the expansion joint to bear differentiated vertical loads, resulting in tilting deformation in the vertical plane; furthermore, the combined effect of lateral misalignment and longitudinal and vertical deformation further exacerbates the complexity of the stress on the expansion joint. Existing single-load, single-direction testing equipment cannot accurately reproduce these complex conditions, resulting in test results that only reflect the performance of the expansion joint under ideal, simple conditions, which deviates significantly from the actual operating conditions. This makes it impossible to comprehensively assess the sealing performance, fatigue life, and structural reliability of the expansion joint under complex deformation, potentially leading to the use of substandard products and creating potential safety hazards in bridge operation.

[0005] Therefore, developing a testing machine capable of simulating longitudinal tilt, vertical tilt, lateral misalignment, and multi-directional composite deformation conditions to comprehensively test the overall performance of bridge expansion joints has become a key requirement to address the shortcomings of existing technologies and is of great significance to ensuring the quality of bridge engineering. Summary of the Invention

[0006] To address the problems and shortcomings of the existing technologies, this invention provides a microcomputer-controlled electro-hydraulic servo bridge expansion joint testing machine. This machine can simulate longitudinal tilting, vertical tilting, lateral misalignment, and multi-directional composite deformation conditions, comprehensively testing the sealing performance, fatigue life, and structural reliability of bridge expansion joints. The test results closely reflect actual operating conditions, thus ensuring the quality of bridge engineering projects.

[0007] This invention is achieved through the following technical solution: A microcomputer-controlled electro-hydraulic servo bridge expansion joint testing machine, comprising: The base is equipped with a horizontal slide rail, a vertical slide rail, and at least two sets of movable gantry frames, which can reciprocate relative to the base in the horizontal direction. The testing platform includes a first platform slidably mounted on a transverse slide rail and a second platform slidably mounted on a longitudinal slide rail. The bridge expansion joint is detachably connected between the first platform and the second platform. A vertical misalignment cylinder is provided between the first platform and the transverse slide rail, and a misalignment turntable rail is provided between the second platform and the longitudinal slide rail. The detection device includes a lateral detection device, a longitudinal detection device, and a vertical detection device. The lateral detection device includes a lateral loading misalignment cylinder, the output end of which is connected to a first platform and can apply a lateral load to the first platform in the lateral direction. The longitudinal detection device includes at least two longitudinal loading cylinders, the output ends of which are connected to a second platform and each longitudinal loading cylinder can independently apply a longitudinal load to the second platform. The vertical detection device includes a vertical loading cylinder installed on a movable gantry, the output end of which is set downward and can extend downward to independently apply a vertical load to different parts of the bridge expansion joint located above the first platform.

[0008] The coordinated configuration of the transverse and longitudinal slide rails on the base and the mobile gantry provides a stable and flexible installation foundation for the testing platform. The lateral movement capability of the mobile gantry adapts to the testing requirements of bridge expansion joints of different sizes. The testing platform adopts a dual-platform separate design. The vertical misalignment cylinder between the first platform and the transverse slide rail, and the misalignment turntable rail between the second platform and the longitudinal slide rail, provide structural support for vertical tilt deformation, longitudinal tilt deformation, and multi-directional movement, respectively. The modular integrated design of the testing device allows for precise application of lateral misalignment loads by the transverse loading misalignment cylinder. At least two independently controlled longitudinal loading cylinders overcome the limitations of single uniform loads, simulating longitudinal tilting conditions caused by uneven deformation of the bridge beam through differentiated force application. Multiple independent vertical loading cylinders can accurately reproduce differentiated vertical loads under scenarios such as local vehicle crushing and vertical bridge rotation. The overall structure achieves comprehensive simulation of complex loads in a single direction and composite loads in multiple directions, solving the core deficiency of existing equipment in terms of limited testing scenarios. This makes the test results more consistent with actual operating conditions and improves the comprehensiveness and accuracy of performance evaluation of bridge expansion joints.

[0009] Furthermore, at least two longitudinal loading cylinders are arranged at intervals along the transverse direction of the second platform. The output end of each longitudinal loading cylinder is detachably connected to the second platform via a hinge joint. A rotating seat is provided between the end of each longitudinal loading cylinder and the base. A tapered roller bearing is installed inside the rotating seat. A longitudinal load sensor is provided at the output end of the longitudinal loading cylinder.

[0010] The longitudinal loading cylinders, arranged laterally at intervals along the second platform and equipped with independent control functions, can form a differentiated longitudinal load field distributed laterally, providing a structural foundation for simulating longitudinal tilt deformation. The detachable hinged connection design ensures the reliability of the connection between the longitudinal loading cylinders and the second platform while improving the convenience of equipment maintenance. The tapered roller bearings inside the rotating seat give the ends of the longitudinal loading cylinders flexible rotation capabilities, allowing them to adapt to the tilt deformation of the second platform and avoiding additional torque during force application that could affect detection accuracy. The longitudinal load sensors enable real-time acquisition and feedback of the loads applied by each longitudinal loading cylinder, providing precise data support for the microcomputer control system, ensuring accurate control of load parameters, and further improving the accuracy of longitudinal tilt simulation and the reliability of detection data.

[0011] Furthermore, the bottom of the second platform is provided with a transverse short rail. The staggered turntable rail includes an upper transverse short rail groove, a turntable component fixed to the bottom of the upper transverse short rail groove, a lower longitudinal rail groove, and a turntable seat fixed to the top of the lower longitudinal rail groove. The turntable component is rotatably assembled in the turntable seat and can rotate 360° around the vertical axis. The upper transverse short rail groove and the transverse short rail slide in a transverse direction, and the lower longitudinal rail groove and the longitudinal slide rail slide in a longitudinal direction.

[0012] The misaligned turntable rail achieves lateral displacement compensation for the second platform through the sliding engagement of the upper transverse short rail groove and the bottom transverse short rail. The 360° rotational engagement between the turntable component and the turntable base provides the second platform with rotational freedom around its vertical axis. The sliding engagement between the lower longitudinal rail groove and the longitudinal slide rail of the base ensures the longitudinal movement function of the second platform. The synergistic effect of these three components enables the second platform to simultaneously achieve longitudinal, lateral, and rotational movement, breaking through the limitations of single-direction movement and meeting the simulation requirements of longitudinal-lateral-rotational composite deformation conditions. This structural design expands the testing machine's coverage of complex deformation scenarios, enabling a more realistic reproduction of the multi-directional composite stress state faced by expansion joints during bridge operation, providing key technical support for comprehensively evaluating the deformation coordination and structural reliability of expansion joints.

[0013] Furthermore, at least two vertical misalignment cylinders are evenly arranged along the lateral extension direction of the first platform. Each vertical misalignment cylinder includes a telescopic cylinder body for supporting the first platform and a support wheel assembly fixed to the bottom of the telescopic cylinder body. The support wheel assembly slides in cooperation with the lateral slide rail.

[0014] At least two evenly arranged vertically offset cylinders, by applying differentiated vertical displacements to different lateral positions of the first platform, can accurately simulate the vertical tilting deformation of bridge expansion joints caused by factors such as vehicle eccentric loading and support settlement. The telescopic cylinders not only support the first platform but also achieve precise control of vertical displacement through independent telescoping, providing structural assurance for the application of differentiated loads. The support wheel assembly transforms the sliding friction between the first platform and the lateral slide rail into rolling friction, significantly reducing motion resistance, improving the smoothness of the first platform's lateral movement, avoiding load application deviations caused by uneven frictional resistance, and ensuring the stability of the testing process and the accuracy of the test results under combined lateral load and vertical tilting deformation conditions.

[0015] Furthermore, the support wheel assembly includes a support wheel frame, a support wheel body, a support wheel axle, and a deep groove ball bearing. The support wheel frame is fixed to the bottom of the telescopic cylinder body. The support wheel axle horizontally passes through the support wheel body and is fixedly connected to the support wheel body. The outer circumferential surface of the support wheel body rolls against the top surface of the transverse slide rail. Both ends of the support wheel axle are rotatably assembled to the support wheel frame through deep groove ball bearings.

[0016] The support wheel assembly adopts a combined structure of support wheel frame, support wheel body, support wheel axle, and deep groove ball bearing. The deep groove ball bearing has excellent radial load-bearing capacity and rotational flexibility, effectively reducing frictional loss between the support wheel axle and support wheel frame, lowering motion resistance, and ensuring smooth rotation of the support wheel body. The rolling contact between the support wheel body and the transverse slide rail further optimizes the lateral movement performance of the first platform, avoiding jamming and misalignment, and ensuring the uniformity and stability of lateral load application. This structural design not only improves the smoothness of equipment operation and detection accuracy but also reduces component wear, extends equipment lifespan, and lowers subsequent maintenance costs.

[0017] Furthermore, the transverse loading misalignment cylinder is fixed to the base and extends in the transverse direction. A movable slot plate is fixed to the side end face of the first platform near the transverse loading misalignment cylinder. The output end of the transverse loading misalignment cylinder is provided with a rotating slider, a pull head and a pin. The rotating slider can slide vertically along the movable slot plate. The pull head is fixed to the transverse loading misalignment cylinder. The pin passes through the pull head and is installed to the rotating slider. The output end of the transverse loading misalignment cylinder is also provided with a transverse load sensor.

[0018] The design of the lateral loading misalignment cylinder fixed to the base ensures the stability of the force application foundation. The movable groove plate on the side of the first platform and the rotating slider at the output end of the lateral loading misalignment cylinder form a vertical sliding engagement, allowing the lateral loading misalignment cylinder to adapt to the vertical displacement changes of the first platform caused by the vertical misalignment cylinder. This ensures that the lateral load is continuously and stably applied to the first platform, avoiding load interruption or application deviation caused by vertical displacement. The connection method between the pull head and the pin shaft ensures both effective force transmission and a certain degree of assembly flexibility. The lateral load sensor enables real-time acquisition, transmission, and feedback of lateral load data, providing data support for the precise control of the microcomputer control system. It also completely records load changes during the detection process, providing a reliable basis for subsequent data analysis and performance evaluation.

[0019] Furthermore, triangular limiting ribs are fixed on both sides of the base of the first platform. The triangular limiting ribs on each side are evenly spaced along the lateral extension direction of the first platform. The inner sidewall of the triangular limiting ribs is in contact with the side edge of the first platform to limit the movement of the first platform relative to the base in the longitudinal direction.

[0020] The triangular limiting ribs on both sides of the first platform on the base, through their abutment against the side edges of the first platform, effectively limit the longitudinal movement of the first platform relative to the base. This prevents load application direction deviation caused by longitudinal offset of the first platform during lateral loading, ensuring that the lateral load is accurately applied to the lateral direction of the bridge expansion joint. The design of evenly spaced ribs along the lateral direction of the first platform ensures comprehensive limiting effect, effectively constraining the longitudinal displacement of all parts of the first platform, while not hindering the lateral movement of the first platform. This balances limiting reliability and movement flexibility, providing structural assurance for the accuracy of lateral misalignment detection.

[0021] Furthermore, each set of mobile gantry cranes includes a gantry crane body and a set of traveling wheels fixed to the bottom of the gantry crane body. A gantry crane transverse rail is fixed on the base corresponding to the traveling wheel set. The traveling wheel set and the gantry crane transverse rail are in rolling limit cooperation. The traveling wheel set is driven by a servo motor. A loading beam is fixed at the top of the gantry frame body. The vertical loading cylinders are all mounted on the loading beam through sliding seats. A longitudinal rail is fixed at the bottom of the loading beam along the longitudinal direction. The sliding seat slides with the longitudinal rail. A longitudinal drive component is provided between the loading beam and the sliding seat. The longitudinal drive component can drive the vertical loading cylinders to move synchronously or independently along the longitudinal rail. A vertical load sensor is fixed at the bottom of the vertical loading cylinder.

[0022] The traveling wheels of the mobile gantry are matched with the rolling limit mechanism of the gantry's transverse rails, and driven by a servo motor, enabling precise adjustment of the gantry's lateral position to meet the testing requirements of expansion joints on bridges of different sizes. The sliding engagement between the longitudinal rails on the loading beam and the sliding seat, along with the driving function of the longitudinal drive components, allows the vertical loading cylinder to move synchronously or independently along the longitudinal direction, further improving the equipment's adaptability to different testing points and enhancing its versatility. The vertical loading cylinder, in conjunction with a vertical load sensor, enables precise application and real-time monitoring of vertical loads, flexibly simulating differentiated vertical loads at different locations to meet the testing needs of complex conditions such as localized compaction and vertical rotation.

[0023] Furthermore, a rotating platform is fixed on the movable gantry, and a vertical loading cylinder is rotatably connected to the rotating platform. An adjusting screw is hinged to the tail of the vertical loading cylinder and one end of the rotating platform. The adjusting screw adjusts the distance between the tail of the vertical loading cylinder and the end of the rotating platform through a fixing nut to adjust the rotation angle of the vertical loading cylinder relative to the movable gantry. A loading pressure seat is hinged to the bottom of the vertical loading cylinder. An angle measuring gauge is installed on the rotating platform, and the pointer of the angle measuring gauge is connected to the vertical loading cylinder.

[0024] By setting a rotating platform on a mobile gantry, the vertical loading cylinder is rotatably connected to the rotating platform. The distance between the vertical loading cylinder and the rotating platform is adjusted by using an adjusting screw and a fixing nut, thereby flexibly adjusting the rotation angle of the vertical loading cylinder relative to the mobile gantry. This can accurately reproduce the vertical tilting force scenario of the expansion joint caused by vehicle off-center loading and bridge bearing settlement in actual bridge operation. It solves the technical shortcomings of existing equipment that can only apply vertical loads and cannot simulate tilting conditions, making the testing scenario more in line with the actual operating conditions.

[0025] An angle measuring instrument mounted on the rotating platform has its pointer connected to the vertical loading cylinder, which can monitor and display the rotation angle of the vertical loading cylinder in real time. Operators can precisely control the angle adjustment amount by adjusting the screw according to the testing requirements, avoiding the distortion of test results caused by angle deviation, and ensuring the reliability of the test data of mechanical performance and sealing performance of the telescopic device under different vertical tilt angles, providing accurate data support for evaluating the actual adaptability of the telescopic device.

[0026] The loading base, hinged at the bottom of the vertical loading cylinder, can adaptively adjust its contact with the surface of the telescopic device according to the tilt angle of the vertical loading cylinder. This ensures that the loading force is evenly transmitted to the target part of the telescopic device, avoiding localized force concentration caused by the tilt angle of the loading cylinder. This prevents unexpected damage to the telescopic device during the testing process, while also improving the stability of the loading process and ensuring that the testing process is safe and orderly.

[0027] The angle adjustment adopts the cooperation of adjusting screw and fixed nut, which is simple in structure and convenient in adjustment. It does not require a complicated drive mechanism, which reduces the manufacturing cost and maintenance difficulty of the equipment. The rotational connection between the rotating table and the vertical loading cylinder, and the hinged design of the loading pressure seat, all adopt mature mechanical connection structures, which are highly stable and have a long service life. They can adapt to the needs of long-term high-frequency testing work, improving the practicality and economy of the equipment.

[0028] Furthermore, the testing machine also includes a microcomputer control system, which includes a PLC controller, a data acquisition module, and a human-machine interface terminal. The data acquisition module includes a longitudinal load sensor, a vertical load sensor, and a vertical pressure sensor. The PLC controller is electrically connected to the transverse loading misalignment cylinder, the longitudinal loading cylinder, the vertical loading cylinder, and the servo motor, and can independently or collaboratively control the extension and retraction of each cylinder, the load size, and the displacement of the moving gantry according to preset working condition parameters. The human-machine interface terminal is used for setting working condition parameters, displaying real-time data, and generating test curves. The base is also equipped with an emergency stop button, a guardrail, and a travel limit switch. The travel limit switch is electrically connected to the PLC controller, and triggers a stop protection when any moving part exceeds the travel threshold.

[0029] The microcomputer control system, through the electrical connection between the PLC controller and each actuator, achieves automated and coordinated control of the horizontal loading misalignment cylinder, the vertical loading cylinder, the vertical related cylinders, and the servo motor. It can accurately execute preset operating parameters, reducing manual operation intensity and significantly improving testing efficiency. The data acquisition module integrates various load and pressure sensors to achieve comprehensive acquisition and real-time transmission of key data such as load and pressure, ensuring the integrity and accuracy of the test data. The human-machine interface provides an intuitive interface for setting operating parameters, real-time data display, and test curve generation capabilities, facilitating parameter adjustment, process monitoring, and data analysis by operators, improving operational convenience. An emergency stop button, guardrails, and travel limit switches constitute a multi-layered safety protection mechanism. The linkage between the travel limit switches and the PLC controller can promptly respond to overtravel anomalies, triggering shutdown protection to prevent component damage caused by equipment overload operation, while ensuring operator safety and improving the safety and reliability of the testing process.

[0030] Furthermore, the bridge expansion joint includes two sets of oppositely arranged displacement boxes, a supporting crossbeam connecting the two sets of displacement boxes, side beam steel sections and middle beam steel sections symmetrically fixed to the displacement boxes, and sealing rubber strips. The side beam steel sections and the middle beam steel sections, as well as the two middle beam steel sections, are connected by sealing rubber strips. The supporting crossbeam is used to support the middle beam steel sections.

[0031] The specific structural components of the bridge expansion joint are clearly defined, including two sets of opposing displacement boxes, supporting crossbeams, side beams, middle beams, and sealing rubber strips. This makes the detachable connection between the bridge expansion joint and the testing platform more targeted, ensuring the adaptability and robustness of the connection points and avoiding testing errors caused by improper connections. This structural definition provides clear testing objects and evaluation carriers for core testing items such as sealing performance, fatigue life, and structural strength, making the testing machine's testing functions more targeted and enabling precise performance testing of the key load-bearing components and sealing structure of the expansion joint. Simultaneously, the standardized structural description provides a reference for adapting to different types of bridge expansion joints, ensuring the testing machine's applicability to various specifications of expansion joints and improving the effectiveness and comparability of test results.

[0032] The beneficial effects of this invention are: The microcomputer-controlled electro-hydraulic servo bridge expansion joint testing machine of the present invention achieves a comprehensive breakthrough in the testing of complex working conditions of bridge expansion joints through modular integration and innovative structural design. The beneficial effects of its overall technical solution are reflected in multiple dimensions.

[0033] In terms of operational simulation capabilities, this testing machine completely solves the core defect of existing equipment that can only simulate simple loads in a single direction. By arranging at least two independently controlled longitudinal loading cylinders at transverse intervals, and with the flexible adaptation of the rotating seat and hinge joint, it can accurately apply differentiated longitudinal loads, realistically reproducing the longitudinal tilting conditions caused by uneven deformation of the bridge beam. Multiple independent vertical loading cylinders can apply differentiated vertical loads to different parts of the expansion joint, simulating scenarios such as local vehicle crushing and vertical bridge rotation. The synergistic effect of the transverse loading misalignment cylinder and the vertical misalignment cylinder realizes the simulation of transverse misalignment deformation, while the misalignment turntable rail gives the second platform the composite motion capability of longitudinal movement, transverse movement and 360° rotation. Combined with the vertical tilt adjustment function of the first platform, it comprehensively covers longitudinal tilt, vertical tilt, transverse misalignment and multi-directional composite deformation conditions, more realistically restoring the actual stress state of the expansion joint during bridge operation.

[0034] In terms of detection accuracy and reliability, each loading cylinder is equipped with a corresponding load sensor to achieve real-time acquisition and feedback of load data. In conjunction with the PLC controller of the microcomputer control system, it can perform precise coordinated control of each actuator to ensure accurate regulation of load and displacement parameters. The support wheel set adopts a design of deep groove ball bearings and tapered roller bearings for the rotating seat, which effectively reduces motion resistance, improves the smoothness of movement of each platform, and avoids detection deviations caused by additional torque or friction interference. The triangular limit rib structure ensures the reliability of component fixation and the orientation of movement during the detection process, further improving the accuracy and repeatability of detection data.

[0035] In terms of equipment versatility and operability, the mobile gantry is driven by a servo motor to move laterally, while the vertical loading cylinder can move synchronously or independently along the longitudinal direction of the loading beam, adapting to the testing needs of bridge expansion joints of different sizes and specifications; each component adopts a detachable connection design, which facilitates equipment maintenance and component replacement; the human-machine interface terminal provides intuitive parameter setting, data display and curve generation functions, reducing the operating threshold and improving testing efficiency.

[0036] In terms of safety, the emergency stop button, guardrail and travel limit switch constitute a multi-layered safety protection mechanism. The travel limit switch is linked with the PLC controller, which can respond to overtravel abnormalities in a timely manner and trigger shutdown protection to avoid equipment overload damage or personnel safety risks.

[0037] Overall, this testing machine can comprehensively evaluate the sealing performance, fatigue life, and structural reliability of bridge expansion joints under complex deformation. The test results are closer to the actual operating conditions, effectively preventing unqualified products from being put into use. It provides strong technical support for the quality control of bridge engineering and has important engineering practical significance for ensuring the safety of bridge operation and extending the service life of bridges. Attached Figure Description

[0038] Figure 1 A connection diagram illustrating one embodiment of a microcomputer-controlled electro-hydraulic servo bridge expansion joint testing machine according to the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram illustrating one embodiment of a microcomputer-controlled electro-hydraulic servo bridge expansion joint testing machine according to the present invention. Figure 3 A front view illustrating an embodiment of a microcomputer-controlled electro-hydraulic servo bridge expansion joint testing machine according to the present invention; Figure 4 Used to explain Figure 3 Partial sectional view at point AA; Figure 5 Used to explain Figure 4 Enlarged view of a portion of point B in the middle; Figure 6 A side view illustrating a schematic embodiment of a microcomputer-controlled electro-hydraulic servo bridge expansion joint testing machine according to the present invention; Figure 7 Used to explain Figure 6 Enlarged view of a portion of point C in the middle; Figure 8 Used to explain Figure 6 Enlarged view of a portion of point D; Figure 9 Used to explain Figure 6 Enlarged view of a portion of point E in the middle; Figure 10 Used to explain Figure 6 Enlarged view of a portion of point F in the middle; Figure 11 A top view illustrating one embodiment of a microcomputer-controlled electro-hydraulic servo bridge expansion joint testing machine according to the present invention; Figure 12 Used to explain Figure 11 Enlarged view of a portion of point G in the middle; Figure 13 This is a schematic structural diagram illustrating one embodiment of the vertical loading cylinder in this invention.

[0039] List of components and reference numerals: 1. Base; 11. Transverse slide rail; 12. Longitudinal slide rail; 13. Triangular limiting rib; 14. Gantry frame transverse rail; 2. Moving gantry frame; 21. Gantry frame body; 22. Traveling wheel set; 23. Loading beam; 231. Longitudinal rail; 232. Longitudinal drive component; 3. Detection platform; 31. First platform; 311. Moving slot plate; 32. Second platform; 321. Transverse short rail; 33. Vertical misalignment cylinder; 331. Telescopic cylinder body; 332. Support wheel set; 3321. Support wheel frame; 3322. Support wheel body; 3323. Support wheel axle; 3324. Deep groove ball bearing; 34. Misalignment turntable rail; 341. Upper transverse short rail groove; 342. Turntable component; 343. Lower longitudinal rail groove; 344. Turntable seat; 4. Bridge 41. Telescopic device; 42. Displacement box; 43. Support beam; 44. Side beam steel; 45. Middle beam steel; 5. Sealing rubber strip; 6. Detection device; 51. Lateral detection device; 511. Lateral loading misalignment cylinder; 512. Rotating slider; 513. Pull head; 514. Pin shaft; 52. Longitudinal detection device; 521. Longitudinal loading cylinder; 5211. Hinge joint; 522. Rotating seat; 523. Tapered roller bearing; 524. Longitudinal load sensor; 53. Vertical detection device; 531. Vertical loading cylinder; 5311. Vertical load sensor; 532. Sliding seat; 533. Rotating table; 534. Adjusting screw; 535. Fixing nut; 536. Loading pressure seat; 537. Angle measuring gauge; 7. Microcomputer control system. Detailed Implementation

[0040] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0041] It should be noted that the directional terms such as left, right, up, down, front, and back in the embodiments of the present invention are only relative concepts or are based on the normal use state of the product, i.e., the direction of the product's movement, and should not be considered as limiting.

[0042] In addition, it should be noted that the dynamic terms such as "relative motion" mentioned in the embodiments of the present invention refer not only to changes in position, but also to movements such as rotation and rolling in which the position does not change relative to the position, but the state changes.

[0043] Finally, it should be noted that when a component is said to be "located on" or "set on" another component, it can be on the other component or may have an intervening component at the same time. When a component is said to be "connected to" another component, it can be directly connected to the other component or may have an intervening component at the same time.

[0044] like Figures 1 to 13 The microcomputer-controlled electro-hydraulic servo bridge expansion joint testing machine shown includes a base 1, a testing platform 3, a testing device 5, and a microcomputer control system 6. The components work together to achieve comprehensive testing under complex working conditions. The specific structure and connection relationships are as follows: The base 1 serves as the basic load-bearing structure for the equipment, on which transverse slide rails 11 and longitudinal slide rails 12 are fixedly installed. At least two sets of movable gantry frames 2 are also mounted. The movable gantry frames 2 are engaged with the transverse gantry rails 14 on the base 1 via a set of wheels 22 at their bottom. The wheels 22 are driven by a servo motor, enabling the movable gantry frames 2 to reciprocate relative to the base 1 in the transverse direction, adapting to the installation requirements of different sized inspection objects. Triangular limiting ribs 13 are fixed on both sides of the base 1 at the first platform 31. These ribs are evenly spaced along the transverse extension direction of the first platform 31, with their inner walls abutting against the side edges of the first platform 31. This limits the longitudinal movement of the first platform 31 relative to the base 1, ensuring stability during the transverse loading process.

[0045] The testing platform 3 adopts a dual-platform split design, including a first platform 31 and a second platform 32. The bridge expansion joint 4 is detachably connected between the two platforms. The first platform 31 is slidably mounted on the transverse slide rail 11. At least two vertically misaligned cylinders 33 are evenly arranged along the transverse extension direction between the first platform 31 and the transverse slide rail 11. The vertically misaligned cylinder 33 includes a telescopic cylinder body 331 and a support wheel assembly 332. The top of the telescopic cylinder body 331 supports the first platform 31, and the bottom of the support wheel assembly 332 is fixed. The support wheel assembly 332 consists of a support wheel frame 3321, a support wheel body 3322, a support wheel axle 3323, and a deep groove ball bearing 3324. The support wheel frame 3321 is fixed to the bottom of the telescopic cylinder body 331. The support wheel axle 3323 horizontally passes through the support wheel body 3322 and is fixed thereto. The two ends of the support wheel axle 3323 are rotatably mounted on the support wheel frame 3321 through the deep groove ball bearings 3324. The outer circumferential surface of the support wheel body 3322 rolls and abuts against the top surface of the transverse slide rail 11. The second platform 32 is slidably mounted on the longitudinal slide rail 12, and a transverse short rail 321 is provided at its bottom. An offset turntable rail 34 is installed between the second platform 32 and the longitudinal slide rail 12. The offset turntable rail 34 includes an upper transverse short rail groove 341, a turntable component 342, a lower longitudinal rail groove 343, and a turntable seat 344. The turntable component 342 is fixed at the bottom of the upper transverse short rail groove 341, and the turntable seat 344 is fixed at the top of the lower longitudinal rail groove 343. The turntable component 342 is rotatably mounted in the turntable seat 344 and can rotate 360 ​​degrees around the vertical axis. The upper transverse short rail groove 341 and the transverse short rail 321 of the second platform 32 slide in a transverse manner, and the lower longitudinal rail groove 343 and the longitudinal slide rail 12 of the base 1 slide in a longitudinal manner.

[0046] The detection device 5 is divided into a transverse detection device 51, a longitudinal detection device 52, and a vertical detection device 53. The three are modularly integrated to achieve multi-directional load application. The transverse detection device 51 includes a transverse loading misalignment cylinder 511, which is fixed to the base 1 and extends laterally. A movable slot plate 311 is fixed to the side end face of the first platform 31 near the cylinder. The output end of the transverse loading misalignment cylinder 511 is provided with a rotating slider 512, a pull head 513, and a pin 514. The rotating slider 512 can slide vertically along the movable slot plate 311. The pin 514 passes through the pull head 513 and is installed to the rotating slider 512. The output end of the transverse loading misalignment cylinder 511 is also equipped with a transverse load sensor, which is used to apply transverse load to the first platform 31 in the transverse direction and collect data in real time. The longitudinal detection device 52 includes at least two longitudinal loading cylinders 521 arranged laterally along the second platform 32. The output end of each longitudinal loading cylinder 521 is detachably connected to the second platform 32 through a hinge joint 5211, and the end is connected to the base 1 through a rotating seat 522. A tapered roller bearing 523 is installed inside the rotating seat 522. A longitudinal load sensor 524 is provided at the output end of the longitudinal loading cylinder 521, which can independently apply longitudinal load to the second platform 32. The vertical detection device 53 is installed on the mobile gantry 2 and includes a vertical loading cylinder 531. A loading beam 23 is fixed on the top of the gantry body 21 of the mobile gantry 2. A longitudinal track 231 is laid along the longitudinal direction at the bottom of the loading beam 23. A sliding seat 532 is slidably engaged with the longitudinal track 231. A longitudinal drive component 232 connects the loading beam 23 and the sliding seat 532 and can drive the vertical loading cylinder 531 to move synchronously or independently along the longitudinal direction. The output end of the vertical loading cylinder 531 faces downward and a vertical load sensor 5311 is installed at the bottom, which can independently apply vertical loads to different parts of the bridge expansion joint 4.

[0047] The microcomputer control system 6 includes a PLC controller, a data acquisition module, and a human-machine interface terminal. The data acquisition module integrates a longitudinal load sensor 524, a lateral load sensor, a vertical load sensor 5311, and a vertical pressure sensor. The PLC controller is electrically connected to the lateral loading misalignment cylinder 511, the longitudinal loading cylinder 521, the vertical loading cylinder 531, the servo motor, and the travel limit switch. It can independently or collaboratively control the extension and contraction, load size, and displacement of each component according to preset working condition parameters. The human-machine interface terminal is used for setting working condition parameters, displaying real-time data, and generating test curves. The base 1 is also equipped with an emergency stop button, a guardrail, and a travel limit switch. The travel limit switch is electrically connected to the PLC controller and triggers a stop protection when the moving part exceeds the travel threshold.

[0048] The bridge expansion joint 4 includes two sets of oppositely arranged displacement boxes 41, a support beam 42 connecting the two sets of displacement boxes 41, side beam steel 43 and middle beam steel 44 symmetrically fixed to the displacement boxes 41, and sealing rubber strips 45. The side beam steel 43 and the middle beam steel 44, as well as the two middle beam steel 44, are connected by sealing rubber strips 45. The support beam 42 is used to support the middle beam steel 44. The whole is fixed between the first platform 31 and the second platform 32 in a detachable manner, and is adapted to various working condition simulations as a test object.

[0049] When the equipment is working, the detection conditions are first set through the human-machine interface terminal. The PLC controller drives the moving gantry 2 and the sliding seat 532 to adjust the position of the vertical detection device 53. Then, the transverse loading misalignment cylinder 511 applies the transverse load, the longitudinal loading cylinder 521 independently applies the differentiated longitudinal load, the vertical misalignment cylinder 33 drives the first platform 31 to produce a vertical tilt, the misalignment turntable rail 34 drives the second platform 32 to achieve a longitudinal-transverse-rotation composite motion, and the vertical loading cylinder 531 applies differentiated vertical loads to different parts of the expansion joint. Each sensor collects load and displacement data in real time, which is processed by the PLC controller and displayed through the human-machine interface terminal. Safety protection components ensure the safety of the detection process throughout, and finally a comprehensive detection report is generated to achieve accurate evaluation of the performance of the bridge expansion joint 4 under complex working conditions.

[0050] In one embodiment, the equipment is first assembled as a whole. A transverse slide rail 11 and a longitudinal slide rail 12 are sequentially installed on the base 1. Triangular limiting ribs 13 are evenly fixed on both sides of the base 1 along the transverse extension direction of the first platform 31, ensuring that the inner sidewall of the triangular limiting rib 13 has a pre-reserved abutment gap with the side edge of the subsequently installed first platform 31. A set of traveling wheels 22 is installed at the bottom of the gantry body 21 of the movable gantry 2. A transverse rail 14 of the gantry is laid on the base 1 corresponding to the traveling wheel set 22. The traveling wheel set 22 and the transverse rail 14 of the gantry are in a rolling limiting engagement. A servo motor is connected to the traveling wheel set 22 to drive its movement. The top of the gantry frame body 21 is fixed with a loading beam 23. A longitudinal track 231 is laid at the bottom of the loading beam 23 along the longitudinal direction. The sliding seat 532 is slidably engaged with the longitudinal track 231. The longitudinal drive component 232 connects the loading beam 23 and the sliding seat 532. The vertical loading cylinder 531 is assembled on the loading beam 23 through the sliding seat 532. A vertical load sensor 5311 is installed at the bottom of the vertical loading cylinder 531. The output ends of the vertical loading cylinder 531 are all set downwards.

[0051] During the assembly of the testing platform 3, at least two vertically misaligned cylinders 33 are evenly installed at the bottom of the first platform 31 along the horizontal extension direction. The top of the telescopic cylinder body 331 of the vertically misaligned cylinder 33 is fixedly connected to the first platform 31. The bottom of the telescopic cylinder body 331 is fixedly supported by a support wheel assembly 332. The support wheel frame 3321 of the support wheel assembly 332 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the telescopic cylinder body 331. The support wheel shaft 3323 passes horizontally through the support wheel body 3322 and is fixed thereto. The two ends of the support wheel shaft 3323 are rotatably mounted on the support wheel frame 3321 through deep groove ball bearings 3324. The outer circumferential surface of the support wheel body 3322 rolls and abuts against the top surface of the transverse slide rail 11. The second platform 32 has a fixed horizontal short rail 321 at the bottom. The upper horizontal short rail groove 341 of the misaligned turntable rail 34 slides horizontally with the horizontal short rail 321. The turntable component 342 is fixed at the bottom of the upper horizontal short rail groove 341. The turntable seat 344 is fixed at the top of the lower longitudinal rail groove 343. The turntable component 342 is rotatably assembled in the turntable seat 344 and can rotate 360 ​​degrees around the vertical axis. The lower longitudinal rail groove 343 slides longitudinally with the longitudinal slide rail 12 of the base 1.

[0052] During the assembly of the detection device 5, the transverse loading misalignment cylinder 511 is fixed to the base 1 and extends transversely. The first platform 31 has a movable slot plate 311 fixed to the side end face near the transverse loading misalignment cylinder 511. The output end of the transverse loading misalignment cylinder 511 is equipped with a rotating slider 512, a pull head 513, and a pin 514. The rotating slider 512 is embedded in the movable slot plate 311 and can slide vertically. The pin 514 passes through the pull head 513 and is installed to the rotating slider 512. A transverse load sensor is installed at the output end of the transverse loading misalignment cylinder 511. At least two longitudinal loading cylinders 521 are arranged transversely at intervals along the second platform 32. Their output ends are detachably connected to the second platform 32 through hinge joints 5211, and their ends are connected to the base 1 through a rotating seat 522. A tapered roller bearing 523 is installed inside the rotating seat 522. A longitudinal load sensor 524 is installed at the output end of the longitudinal loading cylinder 521.

[0053] When assembling the bridge expansion joint 4, two sets of displacement boxes 41 are arranged opposite each other, and the support beam 42 connects the two sets of displacement boxes 41. The side beam steel 43 and the middle beam steel 44 are symmetrically fixed to the displacement boxes 41. Sealing rubber strips 45 are installed between the side beam steel 43 and the middle beam steel 44 and between the two middle beam steel 44. The two ends of the bridge expansion joint 4 are detachably connected between the first platform 31 and the second platform 32 by bolts.

[0054] During the debugging of the microcomputer control system 6, the PLC controller is electrically connected to the transverse loading misalignment cylinder 511, the longitudinal loading cylinder 521, the vertical loading cylinder 531, the servo motor, and the travel limit switch. The data acquisition module integrates the longitudinal load sensor 524, the transverse load sensor, the vertical load sensor 5311, and the vertical pressure sensor. The human-machine interface terminal completes the debugging of the working condition parameter setting interface, the real-time data display interface, and the test curve generation function. An emergency stop button and a guardrail are installed on the base 1. The travel limit switches are arranged at the travel threshold positions of each moving part and are linked with the PLC controller signal.

[0055] In one embodiment, a rotating platform 533 is fixedly installed below the loading beam 23 at the top of the gantry body 21 of the mobile gantry 2 using high-strength bolts. The rotating platform 533 is integrally formed from cast iron, and its bottom is provided with an installation groove that matches the loading beam 23. The installation groove is provided with anti-slip pads and positioning pins to ensure that the rotating platform 533 is firmly connected to the mobile gantry 2 and to avoid shaking or displacement during the testing process. The rotating platform 533 has a raised rotating seat 522 in the middle, and a deep groove ball bearing 3324 is embedded in the rotating seat 522 to provide stable support for the rotation of the vertical loading cylinder 531, reduce friction during the rotation process, and ensure smooth angle adjustment.

[0056] The middle part of the vertical loading cylinder 531 is hinged to the rotating seat 522 of the rotating platform 533 via a rotating shaft, allowing the vertical loading cylinder 531 to rotate flexibly relative to the rotating platform 533 around the rotating shaft. The rotation angle range is 0° (vertically downward) to ±30°, which can cover the range of vertical tilt angles that may occur in the actual bridge expansion joint 4. The adjusting screw 534 is made of high-strength alloy steel. One end of it is hinged to the tail of the vertical loading cylinder 531 via a hinge joint 5211, and the other end is hinged to one end of the rotating platform 533 via a hinge joint 5211. This ensures that the adjusting screw 534 can adaptively adjust the angle during the rotation of the vertical loading cylinder 531, avoiding jamming. Two fixing nuts 535 are fitted on the adjusting screw 534. The two fixing nuts 535 are located on both sides of the hinge end of the rotating platform 533. The adjusting screw 534 can be adjusted by rotating the fixing nuts 535 clockwise or counterclockwise. The effective length of 4 is adjusted to change the distance between the tail of the vertical loading cylinder 531 and the end of the rotating table 533, thereby adjusting the rotation angle of the vertical loading cylinder 531 relative to the moving gantry 2. By rotating the fixing nut 535 clockwise, the effective length of the adjusting screw 534 is shortened, and the vertical loading cylinder 531 rotates towards the side closer to the rotating table 533, increasing the tilt angle. By rotating the fixing nut 535 counterclockwise, the effective length of the adjusting screw 534 is extended, and the vertical loading cylinder 531 rotates away from the rotating table 533, decreasing the tilt angle until it returns to a vertical state.

[0057] An angle measuring instrument 537 is fixedly installed on one side of the rotating platform 533 via a bracket. The angle measuring instrument 537 is a pointer-type angle gauge with a measurement accuracy of 0.1° and a range of 0°-30°. The pointer of the angle measuring instrument 537 is fixedly connected to the middle of the vertical loading cylinder 531 via a connecting rod. The connecting rod is made of lightweight aluminum alloy to avoid generating additional resistance to the rotation of the vertical loading cylinder 531. When the vertical loading cylinder 531 rotates around the rotating shaft, it will drive the connecting rod to rotate synchronously, thereby driving the pointer of the angle measuring instrument 537 to deflect. The operator can read the current tilt angle of the vertical loading cylinder 531 in real time through the scale of the angle measuring instrument 537 to achieve precise control of angle adjustment.

[0058] The bottom of the vertical loading cylinder 531 is hinged to a loading seat 536 via a ball joint 5211. The loading seat 536 is made of wear-resistant alloy steel and has an arc-shaped loading surface at its bottom. The curvature of the arc-shaped loading surface matches the surface curvature of the side beam steel 43 and the middle beam steel 44 of the bridge expansion joint 4, ensuring that it can fit tightly against the surface of the expansion joint during loading. The top of the loading seat 536 is provided with a connecting seat that matches the ball joint 5211. The ball joint 5211 can rotate 360°, allowing the loading seat 536 to adaptively adjust its fitting posture according to the tilt angle of the vertical loading cylinder 531, ensuring uniform transmission of loading force and avoiding localized force concentration.

[0059] When conducting vertical tilt testing on the bridge expansion joint 4, the bridge expansion joint 4 is first detachably connected between the first platform 31 and the second platform 32. Based on the vertical tilt scenarios that may occur in actual bridge operation, the target tilt angle of the vertical loading cylinder 531 is determined. Then, the fixing nut 535 on the adjusting screw 534 is rotated to adjust the rotation angle of the vertical loading cylinder 531, while observing the pointer of the angle measuring meter 537 until the target tilt angle is reached. The fixing nut 535 is then tightened to lock the angle position of the vertical loading cylinder 531. The vertical loading cylinder 531 is then activated, extending downwards, with the loading seat 536 fitting against the surface of the expansion joint, applying a vertical tilt load to the target part of the expansion joint. Simultaneously, the data from the vertical load sensor 5311 and the angle measuring meter 537 are collected by the microcomputer control system 6, recording the force, deformation, and sealing performance of the expansion joint at this tilt angle. After completing the test at this angle, the vertical loading cylinder 531 can be adjusted to other tilt angles by adjusting the screw 534, and the above testing process can be repeated to achieve comprehensive testing under different vertical tilt conditions. It achieves precise adjustment and real-time monitoring of the vertical loading angle, with high loading stability and convenient operation. It can accurately simulate the vertical tilting condition of the bridge expansion joint 4, and can also work in conjunction with other testing structures to achieve composite condition testing. It effectively solves the shortcomings of existing equipment that cannot simulate tilting conditions and has a single testing scenario, improves the accuracy and comprehensiveness of the testing data, and provides reliable technical support for the quality assessment of the bridge expansion joint 4.

[0060] In one embodiment, after the equipment is started, preset parameters for the longitudinal-lateral-vertical-rotational composite deformation condition are input through a human-machine interface terminal. The PLC controller drives the servo motor to move the mobile gantry 2 along the gantry transverse rail 14 to the target detection position. The longitudinal drive component 232 drives the sliding seat 532 to move along the longitudinal rail 231, adjusting the vertical loading cylinder 531 to the corresponding detection point. Subsequently, the longitudinal loading cylinder 521 extends and retracts independently according to preset parameters, forming differentiated longitudinal loads along the second platform 32. The hinge joint 5211 adapts to the tilt displacement of the second platform 32. The tapered roller bearing 523 in the rotating seat 522 allows the end of the longitudinal loading cylinder 521 to rotate flexibly, avoiding the generation of additional torque. The longitudinal load sensor 524 collects the load data of each cylinder in real time and transmits it to the data acquisition module. The vertical misalignment cylinder 33 extends and retracts independently, causing differentiated vertical displacements at different lateral positions of the first platform 31, simulating vertical tilting deformation. The deep groove ball bearing 3324 of the support wheel assembly 332 ensures smooth rotation of the support wheel 3322, reducing the frictional resistance of the first platform 31 moving along the lateral slide rail 11 and ensuring smooth movement. The lateral loading misalignment cylinder 511 extends laterally to apply a load to the first platform 31, and the rotating slider 512 slides vertically along the moving groove plate 311 to adapt to the vertical tilting displacement of the first platform 31. The triangular limiting rib plate 13 abuts against the side edge of the first platform 31 to limit its longitudinal movement. The lateral load sensor collects lateral load data in real time. (It should be noted that when the lateral loading misalignment cylinder 511 extends laterally to apply a load to the first platform 31, the misalignment turntable rail 34 can be locked to limit the position of the second platform 32 relative to the base 1.) The turntable component 342 of the misaligned turntable rail 34 rotates around the turntable base 344. The upper transverse short rail groove 341 slides relative to the transverse short rail 321 of the second platform 32, and the lower longitudinal rail groove 343 slides relative to the longitudinal slide rail 12 of the base 1, so that the second platform 32 can simultaneously achieve longitudinal movement, transverse movement and rotation, completing the simulation of longitudinal-transverse-rotation composite deformation. The vertical loading cylinder 531 extends downward independently according to preset parameters, applying differentiated vertical loads to different parts of the bridge expansion joint 4 to simulate working conditions such as local vehicle crushing. The vertical load sensor 5311 collects the load data of each cylinder in real time.

[0061] During the testing process, the data acquisition module transmits real-time data from all sensors to the PLC controller. After processing, the load-displacement curve and various test data are simultaneously displayed on the human-machine interface terminal. When a moving part exceeds the threshold set by the travel limit switch, the travel limit switch immediately sends a signal to the PLC controller, triggering the shutdown protection program. In case of emergency, the operator can press the emergency stop button to force a shutdown. The protective barrier effectively isolates the testing area, ensuring the personal safety of the operator. After the test is completed, the human-machine interface terminal automatically generates a test report containing various performance indicators, comprehensively reflecting the sealing performance, fatigue life, and structural reliability of the bridge expansion joint 4 under complex and combined deformation conditions, providing accurate data support for product quality assessment.

[0062] The above description is merely an embodiment of this application and is not intended to limit the scope of this application. Various modifications and variations can be made to this application by those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of this application should be included within the scope of the claims of this application.

Claims

1. A microcomputer-controlled electro-hydraulic servo bridge expansion joint testing machine, characterized in that, include: A base, on which are mounted a transverse slide rail, a longitudinal slide rail, and at least two sets of movable gantry frames, the movable gantry frames being capable of reciprocating relative to the base in the transverse direction; The testing platform includes a first platform slidably mounted on the transverse slide rail and a second platform slidably mounted on the longitudinal slide rail. The bridge expansion joint is detachably connected between the first platform and the second platform. A vertical misalignment cylinder is provided between the first platform and the transverse slide rail, and a misalignment turntable rail is provided between the second platform and the longitudinal slide rail. The detection device includes a lateral detection device, a longitudinal detection device, and a vertical detection device. The lateral detection device includes a lateral loading misalignment cylinder, the output end of which is connected to the first platform and can apply a lateral load to the first platform in the lateral direction. The longitudinal detection device includes at least two longitudinal loading cylinders, the output ends of which are connected to the second platform and each longitudinal loading cylinder can independently apply a longitudinal load to the second platform. The vertical detection device includes a vertical loading cylinder installed on the movable gantry, the output end of which is downwardly oriented and can extend downward to independently apply a vertical load to different parts of the bridge expansion joint located above the first platform.

2. The microcomputer-controlled electro-hydraulic servo bridge expansion joint testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The at least two longitudinal loading cylinders are arranged at intervals along the transverse direction of the second platform. The output end of each longitudinal loading cylinder is detachably connected to the second platform via a hinge joint. A rotating seat is provided between the end of each longitudinal loading cylinder and the base. A tapered roller bearing is installed inside the rotating seat. A longitudinal load sensor is provided at the output end of each longitudinal loading cylinder.

3. The microcomputer-controlled electro-hydraulic servo bridge expansion joint testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The bottom of the second platform is provided with a transverse short rail. The misaligned turntable rail includes an upper transverse short rail groove, a turntable component fixed to the bottom of the upper transverse short rail groove, a lower longitudinal rail groove, and a turntable seat fixed to the top of the lower longitudinal rail groove. The turntable component is rotatably assembled in the turntable seat and can rotate 360° around the vertical axis. The upper transverse short rail groove and the transverse short rail slide in the transverse direction, and the lower longitudinal rail groove and the longitudinal slide rail slide in the longitudinal direction.

4. The microcomputer-controlled electro-hydraulic servo bridge expansion joint testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, At least two vertical misalignment cylinders are evenly arranged along the lateral extension direction of the first platform. Each vertical misalignment cylinder includes a telescopic cylinder body for supporting the first platform and a support wheel assembly fixed to the bottom of the telescopic cylinder body. The support wheel assembly slides in cooperation with the lateral slide rail.

5. A microcomputer-controlled electro-hydraulic servo bridge expansion joint testing machine according to claim 4, characterized in that, The support wheel assembly includes a support wheel frame, a support wheel body, a support wheel axle, and a deep groove ball bearing. The support wheel frame is fixed to the bottom of the telescopic cylinder. The support wheel axle horizontally passes through the support wheel body and is fixedly connected to the support wheel body. The outer circumferential surface of the support wheel body rolls against the top surface of the transverse slide rail. The two ends of the support wheel axle are rotatably assembled to the support wheel frame through deep groove ball bearings.

6. A microcomputer-controlled electro-hydraulic servo bridge expansion joint testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The transverse loading misalignment cylinder is fixed to the base and extends in the transverse direction. The first platform is fixed with a movable groove plate on the side end face near the transverse loading misalignment cylinder. The output end of the transverse loading misalignment cylinder is provided with a rotating slider, a pull head and a pin. The rotating slider can slide vertically along the movable groove plate. The pull head is fixed to the transverse loading misalignment cylinder. The pin passes through the pull head and is installed to the rotating slider. The output end of the transverse loading misalignment cylinder is also provided with a transverse load sensor.

7. A microcomputer-controlled electro-hydraulic servo bridge expansion joint testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The base is fixed with triangular limiting ribs on both sides of the first platform. The triangular limiting ribs on each side are evenly spaced along the lateral extension direction of the first platform. The inner sidewall of the triangular limiting ribs abuts against the side edge of the first platform to limit the movement of the first platform relative to the base in the longitudinal direction.

8. A microcomputer-controlled electro-hydraulic servo bridge expansion joint testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each set of the mobile gantry includes a gantry body and a set of traveling wheels fixed to the bottom of the gantry body. A gantry transverse rail is fixed on the base corresponding to the traveling wheel set. The traveling wheel set is in rolling limit cooperation with the gantry transverse rail. The traveling wheel set is driven by a servo motor. A loading beam is fixed to the top of the gantry frame body. The vertical loading cylinder is mounted on the loading beam via a sliding seat. A longitudinal track is fixed to the bottom of the loading beam along the longitudinal direction. The sliding seat slides in cooperation with the longitudinal track. A longitudinal driving component is provided between the loading beam and the sliding seat. The longitudinal driving component can drive the vertical loading cylinder to move synchronously or independently along the longitudinal track. A vertical load sensor is fixedly installed at the bottom of the vertical loading cylinder.

9. A microcomputer-controlled electro-hydraulic servo bridge expansion joint testing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that, A rotating platform is fixed on the mobile gantry frame. The vertical loading cylinder is rotatably connected to the rotating platform. An adjusting screw is hinged to the tail of the vertical loading cylinder and one end of the rotating platform. The adjusting screw adjusts the distance between the tail of the vertical loading cylinder and the end of the rotating platform by a fixing nut to adjust the rotation angle of the vertical loading cylinder relative to the mobile gantry frame. A loading pressure seat is hinged to the bottom of the vertical loading cylinder. An angle measuring instrument is mounted on the rotating platform, and the pointer of the angle measuring instrument is connected to the vertical loading cylinder.

10. A microcomputer-controlled electro-hydraulic servo bridge expansion joint testing machine according to claim 8, characterized in that, The testing machine also includes a microcomputer control system, which includes a PLC controller, a data acquisition module, and a human-machine interface terminal; the data acquisition module includes a longitudinal load sensor, a vertical load sensor, and a vertical pressure sensor. The bridge expansion joint includes two sets of oppositely arranged displacement boxes, a supporting crossbeam connecting the two sets of displacement boxes, side beam steel, middle beam steel and sealing rubber strips symmetrically fixed to the displacement boxes. The side beam steel and the middle beam steel and the two middle beam steel are connected by sealing rubber strips. The supporting crossbeam is used to support the middle beam steel.

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