Orthognathic surgical internal fixation device

Abstract

This invention discloses an orthognathic internal fixation device, comprising: an auxiliary guide plate body having an inner surface for conforming to the jawbone surface, and its two sides for conforming to a distal bone segment and a proximal bone segment, respectively; a first fixation component, at least one of which is used to fix the distal bone segment and the proximal bone segment to the auxiliary guide plate body, respectively; and a second fixation component, at least one of which is used to fix the distal bone segment and the proximal bone segment. This invention provides basic fixation of the distal and proximal bone segments through the first fixation component and the auxiliary guide plate body, providing resistance support for the second fixation component when fixing the distal and proximal bone segments, ensuring that the gap between the two bone segments remains unchanged.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of orthognathic surgery, and in particular to an orthognathic internal fixation device, which can also be called an orthognathic bone block positioning device. Background Technology

[0002] Internal fixation is a medical term relative to "external fixation" (such as plaster casts, splints, and external fixation braces). It refers to a treatment method in which implants made of metal or absorbable materials are placed in the body through surgery to directly contact the bone and fix fracture ends or bone segments after osteotomy. Specifically, internal fixation is a surgical method that uses implants such as metal screws, plates, intramedullary nails, wires, or bone plates to directly connect and fix bone segments inside or on the surface of the bone. The core purpose of this treatment method is to achieve bone stability through mechanical fixation and create favorable conditions for bone healing.

[0003] In orthognathic surgery, to achieve postoperative stability of the proximal and distal mandibular segments, internal fixation using titanium plates combined with monocortical screws is commonly employed. These metal plates can assist in the stabilization and healing of bone segments after mandibular osteotomy. In routine procedures, each side of the mandible typically requires at least one plate and four monocortical screws for fixation, necessitating the preparation of multiple sets of titanium plates and screws, increasing consumable usage and overall cost. To reduce consumable usage, existing techniques have proposed using long screws to span bone segments for fixation, thus replacing some of the plate structures.

[0004] In mandibular advancement or retraction surgery, a certain degree of gap will be generated between the distal and proximal bone segments. Due to the limited penetration depth, single-cortical screws have little impact on the bone segment gap during fixation. However, when long screws are used for fixation through the bicortex, the long screws will generate a certain tension when entering the second cortex, causing a passive change in the gap between the proximal and distal bone segments. This change in gap will cause the relative position of the bone segments to deviate from the preoperative plan, thus affecting the intraoperative occlusal relationship. During the repositioning of the maxilla and mandible, this slight deviation may be further amplified into postoperative occlusal deviation, reducing surgical stability. Although existing long screw internal fixation systems can reduce the amount of consumables used, they inevitably cause key problems such as changes in bone segment gaps and occlusal deviation.

[0005] Therefore, this invention develops an orthognathic internal fixation device to solve the above-mentioned technical problems. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of this invention is to provide an internal fixation device for orthognathic surgery to solve the problems existing in the prior art and prevent changes in the interosseous space during the implantation of long screws.

[0007] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following solution: This invention provides an orthognathic internal fixation device, comprising: The auxiliary guide plate body has an inner surface for fitting with the bone surface of the jawbone, and its two sides are respectively used to fit on the distal bone segment and the proximal bone segment. A first fixation component, at least one of the first fixation components being used to fix the distal bone segment and the proximal bone segment to the auxiliary guide plate body respectively; A second fixation component, at least one of which is used to fix the distal bone segment and the proximal bone segment.

[0008] Preferably, the first fixing component is detachably connected to the auxiliary guide plate body.

[0009] Preferably, the auxiliary guide plate body is provided with mounting holes for the first fixing component to pass through.

[0010] Preferably, at least one of the mounting holes is positioned at the overlap of the proximal bone segment and the distal bone segment; the mounting hole can selectively mount either the first fixation component or the second fixation component.

[0011] Preferably, at least one of the second fixing components is installed at a position on one side of the auxiliary guide plate body.

[0012] Preferably, at least one of the mounting holes at the overlapping position of the proximal bone segment and the distal bone segment is a C-type mounting hole; the second fixation component can be separated from the auxiliary guide plate body from the opening position of the C-type mounting hole.

[0013] Preferably, the auxiliary guide plate body is a long strip structure; mounting holes are sequentially provided on the long strip structure along the extension direction of its long side.

[0014] Preferably, the first fixing component is a single cortical screw.

[0015] Preferably, the second fixing component is a screw capable of passing through the bicortex.

[0016] Preferably, a positioning portion is provided on the nut of the screw away from its tip.

[0017] The present invention achieves the following technical effects compared to the prior art: The present invention provides an orthognathic internal fixation device, which first fixes the distal and proximal bone segments through a first fixation component and an auxiliary guide plate body, and provides resistance support for the second fixation component to fix the distal and proximal bone segments, ensuring that the gap between the two bone segments does not change. Attached Figure Description

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the three first fixing components of the present invention mounted on the auxiliary guide plate body; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of one second fixing component and three first fixing components of the present invention mounted on the auxiliary guide plate body; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the overall assembly structure of the present invention after the first fixing component inside the C-shaped mounting hole is disassembled; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the overall assembly structure of the present invention after the second fixing component is installed in the C-shaped mounting hole; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the proximal bone segment, the distal bone segment, and the second fixation component after the auxiliary guide plate body of the present invention has been disassembled. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly structure of the three second fixation components, the proximal bone segment, and the distal bone segment of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the auxiliary guide plate body of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of another auxiliary guide plate body of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the third type of auxiliary guide plate body of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the second fixing component of the present invention.

[0019] Figure label: 1. Proximal bone segment; 2. Distal bone segment; 3. First fixation component; 4. Second fixation component; 5. Auxiliary guide plate body. Detailed Implementation

[0020] Embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below. Examples of these embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals denote the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are only used to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0021] The purpose of this invention is to provide an internal fixation device for orthognathic surgery to solve the problems existing in the prior art and prevent changes in the interosseous space during the implantation of long screws.

[0022] To make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more apparent and understandable, the present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0023] The purpose of this invention is to provide an internal fixation device for orthognathic surgery, such as... Figure 1-10As shown, it includes: The auxiliary guide plate body 5 has an inner surface for conforming to the bone surface of the jawbone, and its two sides are respectively used to conform to the distal bone segment 2 and the proximal bone segment 1; the first fixation component 3, at least one first fixation component 3 is used to fix the distal bone segment 2 and the proximal bone segment 1 to the auxiliary guide plate body 5 respectively; the second fixation component 4, at least one second fixation component 4 is used to fix the distal bone segment 2 and the proximal bone segment 1.

[0024] During the use of the device, medical staff bend the auxiliary guide plate body 5 according to the actual condition of the jawbone surface during surgery, so that its inner side fits against the jawbone surface. Then, the proximal bone segment 1 is fixed to the auxiliary guide plate body 5 by at least one first fixation component 3, and the distal bone segment 2 is fixed to the auxiliary guide plate body 5 by at least one first fixation component 3. Then, the proximal bone segment 1 and the distal bone segment 2 are fixed by at least one second fixation component 4. During the implantation of the second fixation component 4, the proximal bone segment 1 and the distal bone segment 2 have been initially fixed by the first fixation component 3. Therefore, the gap between the proximal bone segment 1 and the distal bone segment 2 will not change, and the proximal bone segment 1 and the distal bone segment 2 can always be in the position planned for surgery.

[0025] During the surgery, both sides of the jawbone need to be fixed using an orthognathic internal fixation device. The above description refers to the fixation process for one side. Therefore, the proximal bone segment 1 located on both sides of the body is fixed to the auxiliary guide plate body 5 by a first fixation component 3. As long as the two first fixation components 3 are asymmetrically set, that is, not coaxially set, the auxiliary guide plate body 5 and the proximal bone segment 1 can be firmly fixed. Similarly, the distal bone segment 2 on one side of the body can be fixed to the auxiliary guide plate body 5 by a first fixation component 3. The proximal bone segment 1 and the distal bone segment 2 on one side of the body can be fixed by a second fixation component 4. This is existing technology and will not be described in detail here.

[0026] The auxiliary guide plate body 5, after being bent by medical staff during the operation, still has enough rigidity to basically fix the two bone segments. The auxiliary guide plate body 5 can be an aluminum plate or other materials suitable for fixing bone segments. The choice of material and thickness of the auxiliary guide plate body 5 is existing technology and will not be described in detail here.

[0027] Furthermore, the first fixing component 3 is detachably connected to the auxiliary guide plate body 5.

[0028] Furthermore, the auxiliary guide plate body 5 is provided with mounting holes for the first fixing component 3 to pass through; Furthermore, at least one mounting hole is positioned at the overlap of the proximal bone segment 1 and the distal bone segment 2; the mounting hole can selectively mount either the first fixation component 3 or the second fixation component 4.

[0029] As a specific implementation of this embodiment, the auxiliary guide plate body 5 is provided with four mounting holes; two mounting holes are located at the overlapping position of the proximal bone segment 1 and the distal bone segment 2, and the other two mounting holes are located on the distal bone segment 2; for ease of description, from the proximal bone segment 1 to the distal bone segment 2, the four mounting holes are respectively the first proximal mounting hole, the second proximal mounting hole, the first distal mounting hole, and the second distal mounting hole; after the surgical personnel attach the auxiliary guide plate body 5 to the jawbone surface, they install the four first fixation components 3 into the four mounting holes respectively, thereby fixing the proximal bone segment 1 and the distal bone segment 2 to the auxiliary guide plate body 5; First, the first fixation component 3 installed in the first proximal mounting hole is removed, and then the second fixation component 4 is installed in the first proximal mounting hole. Then, the first fixation component 3 in the second proximal mounting hole is removed, and the second fixation component 4 is installed in the second proximal mounting hole. The first fixation component 3 is first installed in the mounting hole on the auxiliary guide plate body 5, and then the first fixation component 3 in the mounting hole at the overlapping position of the proximal bone segment 1 and the distal bone segment 2 is replaced with the second fixation component 4 in sequence. When installing the second fixation component 4, the present invention does not require re-drilling holes, which can effectively reduce the number of pin tracks on the bone, preserve bone volume to the maximum extent, and reduce surgical trauma.

[0030] Furthermore, at least one second fixation component 4 is installed on one side of the auxiliary guide plate body 5; the installation position is located at the overlap of the proximal bone segment 1 and the distal bone segment 2.

[0031] As a specific implementation of this embodiment, the auxiliary guide plate body 5 is provided with two mounting holes; one mounting hole is located at the overlapping position of the proximal bone segment 1 and the distal bone segment 2, and the other mounting hole is located on the distal bone segment 2; for ease of description, from the proximal bone segment 1 to the distal bone segment 2, the two mounting holes are respectively the third proximal mounting hole and the third distal mounting hole, the third proximal mounting hole being located at the overlapping position of the proximal bone segment 1 and the distal bone segment 2; after the surgical staff attaches the auxiliary guide plate body 5 to the jawbone surface, they install the two first fixation components 3 into the two mounting holes respectively; then, a second fixation component 4 is fixed to one side of the auxiliary guide plate body 5, located at the overlapping position of the two bone segments, to fix the two bone segments; then, the first fixation component 3 installed in the third proximal mounting hole is removed, and then the second fixation component 4 is installed in the third proximal mounting hole; the auxiliary guide plate body 5 with two mounting holes has a simpler structure, lower manufacturing cost, and smaller volume, and is easier to fit with the jawbone surface.

[0032] Furthermore, at least one of the overlapping positions of the proximal bone segment 1 and the distal bone segment 2 corresponds to a C-shaped mounting hole; the second fixation component 4 can be separated from the auxiliary guide plate body 5 from the opening position of the C-shaped mounting hole; the opening direction of the C-shaped mounting hole is towards the top of the head.

[0033] As a specific implementation of this embodiment, in order to ensure the firmness of the proximal bone segment 1 and the distal bone segment 2 fixed to the auxiliary guide plate body 5, the auxiliary guide plate body 5 is provided with four mounting holes; two mounting holes are located at the overlapping position of the proximal bone segment 1 and the distal bone segment 2, and the other two mounting holes are located on the distal bone segment 2; for ease of description, from the proximal bone segment 1 to the distal bone segment 2, the four mounting holes are respectively the fourth proximal mounting hole, the fifth proximal mounting hole, the fourth distal mounting hole, and the fifth distal mounting hole; the fourth proximal mounting hole is a C-shaped mounting hole; after the medical staff attaches the auxiliary guide plate body 5 to the jawbone surface during the operation, they install the four first fixation components 3 into the four mounting holes respectively, and fix the proximal bone segment 1 and the distal bone segment 2 to the auxiliary guide plate body 5 respectively; then, a second fixation component 4 is fixed to one side of the auxiliary guide plate body 5, located at the overlapping position of the two bone segments, to fix the two bone segments; through the two first fixation components Component 3 is fixedly connected to the proximal bone segment 1 and the distal bone segment 2 respectively to the auxiliary guide plate body 5, resulting in a more stable fixation effect and ensuring that the gap between the two bone segments does not change during the installation of the second fixation component 4. Then, the first fixation component 3 in the fourth proximal mounting hole is removed, and then a second fixation component 4 is installed. During the installation process, a second fixation component 4 has been installed between the two bone segments, and the remaining first fixation component 3 and the auxiliary guide plate body 5 maintain the stability between the two bone segments. The two bone segments still have strong stability, and the installation of the second fixation component 4 will not cause the gap between the two bone segments to change. After the two second fixation components 4 are installed, the remaining first fixation component 3 is removed, and then the auxiliary guide plate body 5 is removed. The fourth proximal mounting hole is a C-shaped mounting hole, and the auxiliary guide plate body 5 can be separated from the second fixation component 4 from the opening position. Then, the third second fixation component 4 is installed in the fifth proximal mounting hole.

[0034] By replacing the first fixation component 3 in the mounting hole of the auxiliary guide plate body 5 with the second fixation component 4 in sequence, no new holes need to be drilled, which can effectively reduce the number of pin tracks on the bone. At the same time, by setting the mounting hole on the auxiliary guide plate body 5 to a C-shaped mounting hole, the auxiliary guide plate body 5 can be removed after the second fixation component 4 is installed. This does not increase the burden of implanted foreign bodies, does not affect soft tissue repositioning, does not affect the final internal fixation system, improves the convenience of surgical operation, reduces the amount of bone plates used, and reduces consumable costs.

[0035] As a specific implementation of this embodiment, when the two bone segments are fixed by the three second fixation components 4, the positions of the three second fixation components 4 can be distributed in a triangular pattern, resulting in better stability between the proximal bone segment 1 and the distal bone segment 2.

[0036] As a specific implementation of this embodiment, in the above embodiment, either the fourth distal end mounting hole or the fifth distal end mounting hole can be selected to install the first fixing component 3, for example, the first fixing component 3 can be installed only in the fourth distal end mounting hole.

[0037] As a specific implementation of this embodiment, in the above embodiment, the fifth proximal mounting hole can also be a C-shaped mounting hole. After a second fixing component 4 is fixed on one side of the auxiliary guide plate body 5, the first fixing component 3 in the fifth proximal mounting hole is replaced with the second fixing component 4. After the two second fixing components 4 are installed, the remaining first fixing component 3 is removed, and then the auxiliary guide plate body 5 is removed; then the third second fixing component 4 is installed in the fourth proximal mounting hole.

[0038] As a specific implementation of this embodiment, the auxiliary guide plate body 5 is provided with four mounting holes; two mounting holes are located at the overlapping position of the proximal bone segment 1 and the distal bone segment 2, and the other two mounting holes are located on the distal bone segment 2; for ease of description, from the proximal bone segment 1 to the distal bone segment 2, the four mounting holes are respectively the sixth proximal mounting hole, the seventh proximal mounting hole, the sixth distal mounting hole, and the seventh distal mounting hole; the sixth proximal mounting hole and the seventh proximal mounting hole located at the overlapping position of the two bone segments are both C-shaped mounting holes; after the medical staff attaches the auxiliary guide plate body 5 to the jawbone surface during the operation, they install the four first fixation components 3 respectively. The first fixation component 3 is then installed in the fourth proximal mounting hole. A second fixation component 4 is then fixed to one side of the auxiliary guide plate body 5, at the overlapping position of the two bone segments, thus fixing the two bone segments. The first fixation component 3 in the sixth proximal mounting hole is then removed, and the second fixation component 4 is installed. If, during the operation, the basic fixation between the two bone segments can be achieved using the two already installed second fixation components 4, the remaining first fixation component 3 and the auxiliary guide plate body 5 are removed. Then, a third first fixation component 3 is installed in the seventh proximal mounting hole to further reinforce the two bone segments. After installing the second fixation component 4 in the sixth proximal mounting hole, if the medical staff has already installed... If problems are encountered during the procedure, such as the second fixation component 4 installed in the sixth proximal mounting hole not being securely installed, indicating that the two second fixation components 4 have failed to provide basic fixation for the two bone segments, the first fixation component 3 in the seventh proximal mounting hole can be removed first, and then the third second fixation component 4 can be installed in the seventh proximal mounting hole. After the two bone segments are securely fixed with the three second fixation components 4, the remaining first fixation component 3 and the auxiliary guide plate body 5 can be removed. This invention significantly improves the flexibility and stability of surgical operations by setting both the sixth and seventh proximal mounting holes as C-type mounting holes. When the second fixation component 4 is installed in the sixth proximal mounting hole, the remaining first fixation component 3 and the auxiliary guide plate body 5 can be removed. After removing the auxiliary guide plate body 5, the two bone segments cannot be fundamentally fixed. Medical staff can choose to first remove the first fixation component 3 in the seventh proximal mounting hole, and use the existing second fixation component 4 to fix the two bone segments, along with the second fixation component 4 installed in the sixth proximal mounting hole, the remaining first fixation component 1, and the auxiliary guide plate body 5 to fix the two bone segments as temporary support. Then, install the second fixation component 4 in the seventh proximal mounting hole to further ensure that the installation of the second fixation component 4 in the seventh proximal mounting hole will not cause changes in the gap between the two bone segments. Compared with setting only a single C-shaped mounting hole, this improves the overall reliability of fixation and the error tolerance of the surgery.

[0039] As a specific implementation of this embodiment, the number of mounting holes and the number of C-shaped mounting holes on the auxiliary guide plate body 5 can be adjusted according to actual needs.

[0040] Furthermore, the auxiliary guide plate body 5 is a long strip structure; mounting holes are sequentially arranged along its extension direction on the long strip structure; as a specific implementation of this embodiment, the long strip structure conforms more to the natural shape of the jawbone, making it easier to achieve precise fit and stable positioning with the jawbone surface; at the same time, the long strip guide plate can cross the osteotomy line or bone segment gap, and multiple C-shaped mounting holes are arranged within its length range; the long strip structure is easier to enter the oral cavity, facilitating surgical operations in the limited space of the oral cavity.

[0041] Furthermore, the first fixation component 3 is a monocortical screw; the application of monocortical screws in orthognathic surgery is existing technology and will not be described in detail here.

[0042] Furthermore, the second fixing component 4 is a screw capable of passing through the bicortex; it can be understood that the proximal and distal bone segments at the overlapping position only have two layers of cortex. Since the gap at the overlapping position is cut off, there is no cortex. The bicortex screw fixes the two bone segments. As a specific implementation of this embodiment, after the screw passes through the mounting hole and is screwed into the two bone segments, the screw nut and the auxiliary guide plate body 5 are not tightly pressed together, but there is a certain amount of play, allowing the auxiliary guide plate body 5 to separate from the installed screw under external force. The two bone segments are fixed by the threaded portion of the screw, and the relative position between the two bone segments does not change. After removing the auxiliary guide plate body 5, the exposed screw portion is screwed into the proximal bone segment 1.

[0043] Furthermore, a locating part is provided on the nut of the screw away from its tip.

[0044] As a specific implementation of this embodiment, the positioning part is a hemispherical protrusion with increased nut height; the interior of the hemispherical protrusion has a groove to facilitate the rotation of the screw; when the screw is fully screwed into both bone segments and the wound heals, the increased nut will form a palpable slight bulge under the skin; medical staff can accurately determine the screw implantation position through simple palpation, which facilitates postoperative evaluation and subsequent screw removal; when the screw removal position is clear, patients who need screw removal after surgery can have the screw removed through a small incision under local anesthesia, improving operability and patient comfort; at the same time, the hemispherical protrusion at the top of the nut of this application has a more rounded shape, which can reduce postoperative friction and irritation with the mucosa and reduce the risk of soft tissue damage compared with traditional flat or pointed nut shapes.

[0045] The above are all preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent changes made in accordance with the structure, shape and principle of the present invention should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. An orthognathic internal fixation device, characterized in that, include: The auxiliary guide plate body has an inner surface for fitting with the bone surface of the jawbone, and its two sides are respectively used to fit on the distal bone segment and the proximal bone segment. A first fixation component, at least one of the first fixation components being used to fix the distal bone segment and the proximal bone segment to the auxiliary guide plate body respectively; A second fixation component, at least one of which is used to fix the distal bone segment and the proximal bone segment.

2. The orthognathic internal fixation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first fixing component is detachably connected to the auxiliary guide plate body.

3. The orthognathic internal fixation device according to claim 2, characterized in that, The auxiliary guide plate body is provided with mounting holes for the first fixing component to pass through.

4. The orthognathic internal fixation device according to claim 3, characterized in that, At least one of the mounting holes is positioned at the overlap of the proximal bone segment and the distal bone segment; the mounting hole can selectively mount either the first fixation component or the second fixation component.

5. The orthognathic internal fixation device according to claim 3, characterized in that, At least one of the second fixing components is installed at a position on one side of the auxiliary guide plate body.

6. The orthognathic internal fixation device according to claim 4, characterized in that, At least one of the mounting holes at the overlapping position of the proximal bone segment and the distal bone segment is a C-type mounting hole; the second fixation component can be separated from the auxiliary guide plate body from the opening position of the C-type mounting hole.

7. The orthognathic internal fixation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The auxiliary guide plate body is a long strip structure; mounting holes are sequentially provided on the long strip structure along its long side extension direction.

8. The orthognathic internal fixation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first fixing component is a single cortical screw.

9. The orthognathic internal fixation device according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second fixing component is a screw that can pass through the bicortex.

10. The orthognathic internal fixation device according to claim 9, characterized in that, The screw has a nut on its tip away from the screw, which has a positioning part.

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