A sawtooth-shaped rain shelter

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of agricultural rain shelter technology and discloses a sawtooth-shaped rain shelter, comprising multiple transverse structural units (2) arranged longitudinally at intervals, longitudinal connectors (3) connecting adjacent transverse structural units (2), and a covering. Each transverse structural unit (2) includes at least two uprights (1), an intermediate connector (25) suspended between adjacent uprights (1), an upper gentle slope component (21), an upper steep slope component (22), a lower gentle slope component (23), and a lower steep slope component (24). The lower end of the intermediate connector (25) is spaced apart from the ground or foundation and its spatial position is defined by the four slope components; the covering covers the upper steep slope component (22) and the lower steep slope component (24) to form a rain-draining covering surface. This structure can be used for rain protection and ventilation in agricultural planting scenarios.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of agricultural rain shelter technology, and more particularly to a sawtooth-shaped rain shelter for planting crops, fruit trees, seedlings, or cash crops. This rain shelter is not primarily intended for use in traditional high-sealing, high-insulation greenhouses, but rather as an agricultural protection structure addressing the needs for low cost, lightweight design, rain protection, ventilation, and minimal enclosure. Background Technology

[0002] In agricultural production, crops are often protected through trellis structures and covering materials. Common facilities include simple rain shelters, sunshades, insect-proof netting, hail-proof netting, cold frames, and multi-span greenhouses. Different covering materials can provide functions such as rain protection, sun shading, insect prevention, hail protection, and phased heat preservation or ventilation regulation.

[0003] Existing simple rain shelters are typically constructed from columns, arches, tie rods, or longitudinal connectors. They are simple in structure, low in cost, and easy to construct, providing rain protection over crops. The advantages of this type of structure are low ventilation resistance and low material consumption, making it suitable for low-cost planting scenarios such as fruit trees, vegetables, and seedlings. However, traditional simple rain shelters usually rely primarily on the top cover for rain protection, with weak protection for the side and top ventilation openings, making it difficult to achieve controlled ventilation and light protection while maintaining rain protection.

[0004] Existing sawtooth greenhouses utilize the staggered heights of the roof to create ventilation openings and drainage paths, enabling natural ventilation while covered, and providing good drainage and enclosure. However, this type of structure is typically part of a complete greenhouse system, often relying on rigid roof trusses, truss beams, composite beams, load-bearing gutters, gutter supports, internal columns, or horizontal support structures to form the sawtooth roof. This results in multiple structural layers, large material consumption, and high construction costs, making it unsuitable for simple agricultural rain shelter scenarios requiring only rain protection, ventilation, and light enclosure.

[0005] Furthermore, functions such as rain protection, sun shading, insect prevention, hail protection, and heat preservation often need to be used in combination. Current practices typically involve installing additional sunshade frames, insect-proof netting frames, or hail-proof netting frames outside the rain shelter, or adding an external sunshade structure above the main greenhouse structure, resulting in structural duplication, increased components, increased wind load, and higher maintenance costs.

[0006] Therefore, a sawtooth-shaped rain shelter, distinct from traditional complete greenhouses, is needed. Based on a structure similar to a simple rain shelter, it can form a double sawtooth rain drainage and ventilation structure within a horizontal span by arranging suspended intermediate connectors, slope components, and coverings in sections. When setting intermediate and eaves coverings, it can also take into account rain protection, rain ventilation, and light enclosure. Summary of the Invention

[0007] The purpose of this invention is to provide a sawtooth-shaped rain shelter to solve the problems of existing simple rain shelters, which are difficult to form a sawtooth-shaped canopy structure that combines rain drainage and ventilation on a lightweight basis, while traditional sawtooth greenhouses are complex in structure, use a large amount of materials, and are expensive. Furthermore, by setting intermediate coverings, eaves coverings, and gentle slope coverings, the ventilation and light protection capabilities of the shelter in rainy weather can be improved.

[0008] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: a sawtooth-shaped rain shelter, comprising multiple transverse structural units arranged longitudinally at intervals, longitudinal connectors connecting adjacent transverse structural units, and a covering. Each transverse structural unit includes at least two columns arranged at transverse intervals, an intermediate connector suspended between two adjacent columns, an upper gentle slope component, an upper steep slope component, a lower gentle slope component, and a lower steep slope component. One side of one of the two adjacent columns has an upper connection position for connecting the corresponding slope component, and the other side has a middle connection position for connecting the corresponding slope component. The upper connection position is higher than the middle connection position; in the installed state, the vertical height difference between the upper and lower ends of the intermediate connector is greater than the vertical height difference between the upper connection position and the middle connection position of the column. The lower end of the intermediate connector is spaced apart from the ground or foundation, and its spatial position is defined by the upper gentle slope component, the upper steep slope component, the lower gentle slope component, and the lower steep slope component.

[0009] In this invention, "suspended arrangement" refers to the intermediate connector being located between two adjacent columns and serving as the central connecting member of the four slope components. The lower end of the intermediate connector is spaced apart from the ground or foundation and is not supported on the ground or foundation as a ground-mounted column. This description does not preclude the intermediate connector from being used in conjunction with longitudinal connectors, diagonal stabilizing members, coverings, installation positioning members, or other auxiliary components. "Commonly defining its spatial position" means that the upper gentle slope component, upper steep slope component, lower gentle slope component, and lower steep slope component are respectively connected to different parts of the intermediate connector, thereby constraining the upper end, lower end, or overall position of the intermediate connector.

[0010] The upper gentle slope component connects to the upper part of one of the two adjacent columns at the top of the column and the upper end of the intermediate connector. The upper steep slope component connects to the upper end of the intermediate connector and the middle part of the column on the other side of the two adjacent columns at the top of the column. The lower steep slope component connects to the upper part of the column on the same side at the top of the column and the lower end of the intermediate connector. The lower gentle slope component connects to the lower end of the intermediate connector and the middle part of the column on the other side of the column. Thus, the transverse structural unit forms a staggered double sawtooth structure within a transverse span.

[0011] The upper gentle slope assembly, upper steep slope assembly, lower gentle slope assembly, and lower steep slope assembly are all load-bearing components installed along the corresponding slope direction. These slope components can be constructed from rods, cables, pipes, profiles, tie rods, steel cables, wire ropes, steel strands, tension bands, slings, round pipes, square pipes, round steel, fiberglass rods, fiberglass rods, carbon fiber rods, bamboo and wood rods, composite material rods, or combinations thereof. In the installed state, each slope component primarily transmits tensile force along its length, thus its overall load-bearing capacity is primarily tensile. It should be noted that "tensile load-bearing capacity" describes a preferred working state and stress characteristics of the slope component; it does not require a separate "tensile load-bearing component" independent of the upper gentle slope assembly, upper steep slope assembly, lower gentle slope assembly, and lower steep slope assembly, nor does it preclude the slope component from simultaneously enduring bending, compression, or shear forces under localized working conditions.

[0012] The method by which the aforementioned slope components enter the tensile working state can be selected according to construction conditions. For example, it can be achieved through pre-tensioning during installation, component length matching, assembly tightening after ordinary bolt connection, fine adjustment of connection position, adjustment of intermediate connector length, matching of spacing connectors, or tensioning of the covering material. This invention does not require the slope components to adopt a special tensioning connection mechanism, nor does it require them to be prestressed structures.

[0013] In this invention, the "tilt angle" of a slope component refers to the angle between the corresponding slope component or the covering surface formed by it and the horizontal plane. In the installed state, the tilt angle of the upper gentle slope component relative to the horizontal plane is smaller than that of the upper steep slope component, and the tilt angle of the lower gentle slope component relative to the horizontal plane is smaller than that of the lower steep slope component. The covering includes a steep slope covering, which covers the upper and lower steep slope components. Due to the large drainage slope of the upper and lower steep slope components, rainwater can drain along the steep slope covering, reducing water accumulation on the membrane.

[0014] In some embodiments, the covering may further include a sloping covering, an intermediate covering, and an eaves covering. The sloping covering may be disposed on at least one of the upper sloping component and the lower sloping component. The intermediate covering may be disposed at the central section where the intermediate connector is located. The eaves covering may be disposed above the intermediate covering, with at least a portion of the eaves covering located above the upper edge of the intermediate covering, and may cover or overlap the edge area of ​​adjacent sloping coverings to form an overlapping shielding relationship that prevents rainwater from entering the central section.

[0015] In some implementations, the lower end of the intermediate connector is lower than the midpoint of the column connection on the other side column. By making the lower end of the intermediate connector lower than the midpoint of the column connection, the height difference between the lower gentle slope assembly and the lower steep slope assembly can be increased, making the lower sawtooth drainage and ventilation structure within a lateral span more clearly defined.

[0016] In some implementations, steep slope coverings and gentle slope coverings are arranged independently of each other, separating rainproof pathways from permeable, shading, insect-proofing, hail-proofing, or insulation pathways. Steep slope coverings are preferentially arranged on upper and lower steep slope components with greater drainage slopes; gentle slope coverings are preferentially arranged on upper and lower gentle slope components with smaller slopes. This zoning does not preclude the steep slope coverings or eaves coverings from partially extending beyond adjacent surfaces at their edges for overlapping, waterproof edging, eaves covering, or fixation.

[0017] In some implementations, the intermediate connector includes an adjustable-length connector and a locking structure. The adjustable-length connector can adjust its working length via telescopic sleeve connection, sliding connection between inner and outer tubes, threaded connection, screw connection, hole pin connection, or multi-segment rod splicing connection. The locking structure can be a bolt, pin, lock nut, clamp, clip, or set screw. By adjusting the working length of the intermediate connector, the distance between the upper and lower connection areas can be changed, thereby adjusting the tension of the four slope components, the height of the vents, and the roof slope. Besides the adjustable-length method, an interference fit method with a working length slightly larger than the free installation spacing can also be used, or a spacer, pad, or connecting lug can be installed at the connection between the intermediate connector and the slope components to allow the slope components to enter a tension working state after overall assembly.

[0018] In some embodiments, the intermediate connector can be arranged vertically or inclined relative to the vertical direction. When the intermediate connector is inclined, the projections of its upper and lower ends in the lateral direction can be offset from each other. The midpoint of the line connecting the upper and lower ends of the intermediate connector can also be offset relative to the lateral midpoint between two adjacent columns to accommodate different crop heights, ventilation positions, cover material widths, rain-facing directions, and structural stress requirements. In this invention, the upper end of the intermediate connector refers to the end region used to connect the upper gentle slope component and the upper steep slope component, and the lower end of the intermediate connector refers to the end region used to connect the lower steep slope component and the lower gentle slope component.

[0019] In some embodiments, the upper and / or lower ends of the intermediate connector may be provided with arc-shaped transition portions. The arc-shaped transition portions serve to create a smooth transition connection between the end of the intermediate connector and the corresponding slope component, reducing sharp-angle connections, localized stress concentrations, and wear on the covering. The arc-shaped transition portion can be an arc-shaped tube, an arc-shaped profile, an arc-shaped connecting piece, an arc-shaped connecting seat, a bent connector, or a combination thereof. The arc-shaped transition portion may also have a saddle-shaped or near-saddle-shaped fitting surface, which serves to form a fitted or semi-enclosed connection with the end of the tube, profile, cable assembly, connecting piece, or other slope component.

[0020] In some embodiments, an intermediate cover is provided at the central section where the intermediate connectors are located. The central section refers to the area formed between longitudinally adjacent intermediate connectors, and between the upper and lower ends of the intermediate connectors, which can be used for ventilation or enclosure; this central section may also be formed around the intermediate connectors, and can be a vertical section or a section inclined relative to the vertical direction. The intermediate cover can be a roll-up film, roller blind, flip-up window, sliding window, folding film, push-pull film, openable and closable mesh, or movable thermal insulation curtain. When the intermediate cover is closed, the shed can form a light enclosure surface; when the intermediate cover is open, the shed forms a central ventilation opening.

[0021] In some embodiments, an eaves cover is provided above the intermediate cover. At least a portion of the eaves cover is located above the upper edge of the intermediate cover to prevent rainwater from entering the intermediate section; at least a portion of the eaves cover may also cover or overlap the edge area of ​​the adjacent sloping cover. In this way, the eaves cover can form an upper water-blocking structure between the sloping cover and the intermediate section, preventing rainwater flowing along the surface of the sloping cover or dripping from the edge of the sloping cover from entering the intermediate section where the intermediate cover is located. The eaves cover may overlap and shield the upper edge area of ​​the intermediate cover and / or the edge area of ​​the adjacent sloping cover. The "rainwater drainage side" refers to the side facing outwards from the central section, outwards from the eaves, or in the direction of rainwater drainage.

[0022] In some embodiments, a cover support is provided between the upper and / or lower steep slope components and the steep slope cover. The cover support can be an arc-shaped arch, a spacer block, a pad, a support seat, a snap-fit ​​seat, or an arc-shaped bracket. The cover support has a support portion higher than the corresponding steep slope component, causing the steep slope cover to form an outwardly convex arc-shaped or near-arc-shaped covering surface, thereby improving the membrane support effect, reducing membrane wear, improving drainage, and reducing the risk of water accumulation.

[0023] In some embodiments, the upper and / or lower steep slope components support a steep slope surface for rainwater to flow down. A central drainage ditch and / or side drainage ditches can be installed at the lower end of the steep slope surface. The central drainage ditch is located at the central drainage position between two adjacent columns, and the side drainage ditches are located at the side drainage positions near the columns. The lower end of the steep slope surface refers to the low-lying area of ​​the slope where rainwater flows along the slope cover and collects or drains. The central drainage ditch can be suspended or connected to the slope components, longitudinal connectors, or columns using slings, hooks, clamps, bindings, ropes, or buckles. The central drainage ditch can be made of flexible water-guiding membrane, membrane-overlapping trough, lightweight water-guiding channel, water-guiding cloth, plastic trough, or thin-walled metal trough. This central drainage ditch can be located near the lower end of the intermediate connector; the central drainage ditch mainly bears its own weight, the weight of the rainwater it collects, and the local load required for installation and connection, and is not used as a bracket to support the intermediate connector, nor as the main load-bearing component of the transverse structural unit. Side drainage ditches can be conventional gutters, lightweight water guide channels, plastic channels, thin-walled metal channels, or membrane-coated channels, used to collect rainwater discharged from steep side slopes.

[0024] In some embodiments, the sawtooth-shaped rain shelter may further include stabilizing components. These stabilizing components may include lateral stabilizing components and / or longitudinal stabilizing components. The lateral stabilizing component is disposed between the intermediate connector and the uprights and may be at least one of an oblique stabilizing component, a compensating cable, or a compensating tie rod. This lateral stabilizing component may be connected between the upper end or near the upper end of the intermediate connector and an adjacent upright, and / or connected between the lower end or near the lower end of the intermediate connector and an adjacent upright, to improve the stability of the suspended intermediate connector under wind loads, rainwater loads, and the tension force of the covering. The lateral stabilizing component may be made of steel cable, wire rope, tension band, tie rod, round tube, square tube, fiberglass rod, or composite material.

[0025] In some embodiments, longitudinal stabilizing members are disposed between adjacent transverse structural units and may include longitudinal scissor bracing. Longitudinal scissor bracing may be X-shaped flexible cables, cross steel wire ropes, cross tie rods, or cable-rod assemblies, used to improve the overall stability of the structure along the longitudinal direction. Longitudinal scissor bracing may be installed between columns, between intermediate connectors, near slope components, or other locations that can form longitudinal anti-lateral displacement constraints.

[0026] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows:

[0027] First, the structure adopts a suspended arrangement of intermediate connectors, with its spatial position defined by upper gentle slope components, upper steep slope components, lower gentle slope components, and lower steep slope components, enabling a double-sawtooth rain and ventilation structure to be formed within a horizontal span. This structure does not require the intermediate connectors to be understood as grounded central columns, nor does it require the horizontal structural units to be understood as the heavy-duty roof truss units in a traditional complete greenhouse.

[0028] Secondly, the upper gentle slope component, upper steep slope component, lower gentle slope component, and lower steep slope component can transmit tensile force mainly along their length direction when installed. Compared with traditional sawtooth greenhouses that mainly rely on rigid roof trusses, arched frames, or truss beams for bending support, they can make fuller use of the axial tensile properties of materials, which is conducive to reducing component cross-section requirements, material usage, and construction complexity.

[0029] Third, by setting up two steep drainage surfaces within a span, the horizontal projection length of a single drainage slope is shortened compared to a single-slope drainage structure. Under the condition of meeting the same drainage slope requirements, the required height difference of a single drainage surface can be reduced, thereby reducing the overall arch height.

[0030] Fourth, steep slope coverings are placed on steep slope components, and gentle slope coverings are placed on gentle slope components, so that rainproofing and drainage needs, as well as sunshade, insect prevention, hail prevention, ventilation, water permeability, or phased insulation needs, are achieved in the same structure in separate zones, reducing the need to repeatedly build different functional sheds.

[0031] Fifth, through the overlapping and shielding relationship of the intermediate covering, the eaves covering and the gentle slope covering, the canopy can maintain rain protection while opening the central ventilation opening on rainy days; the eaves covering or overlapping the edge area of ​​the gentle slope covering can reduce rainwater dripping from the edge of the gentle slope covering to the central section where the intermediate covering is located.

[0032] Sixth, the cover support can make the cover on the steep slope form an outward arc shape, which is beneficial to fix the film, reduce wear, improve drainage and reduce the water surface area of ​​the film.

[0033] Seventh, the central drainage ditch can be located at the lower end of a steep slope, while the side drainage ditches can be located near the side drainage positions of the columns. The central drainage ditch can be located near the lower end of the intermediate connector, primarily serving a water guiding function. In scenarios where rainwater is allowed to fall between rows or into the ground drainage area, a central drainage ditch may not be necessary. This avoids limiting the central drainage structure to the load-bearing gutters found in traditional sawtooth greenhouses.

[0034] Eighth, the intermediate connectors can be in various forms, such as vertical, inclined, offset, adjustable length, interference fit, or spacing connection, so that the greenhouse can be adapted to the crop height, the width of the covering material, the drainage slope, the direction of rain and the construction conditions.

[0035] Ninth, the arc-shaped transition section can form a smooth transition connection between the end of the intermediate connector and the corresponding slope component, reducing sharp corner connections, local stress concentration and wear of the covering; when it has a saddle-shaped or near-saddle-shaped fitting connection surface, it can also improve the fitting connection effect between it and pipe fittings, profile parts or cable tube assemblies.

[0036] Tenth, the inclined stabilizing components, compensating cables, compensating tie rods, and longitudinal scissor braces can be selected and installed according to wind load, canopy length, and installation cost to improve the stability of the suspended intermediate connectors and the longitudinal continuous canopy. Attached Figure Description

[0037] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the sawtooth-shaped rain shelter of the present invention, wherein the dashed circle is used to indicate the range of a horizontal structural unit (2) and does not represent a physical component.

[0038] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a horizontal structural unit of the sawtooth-shaped rain shelter of the present invention, which shows the upper connection position (11) of the column, the middle connection position (12) of the column, the middle connector (25), the adjustable length connector (251), the locking structure (252), the arc-shaped transition part (26), the middle drainage ditch (52) and the side drainage ditch (53).

[0039] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the covering arrangement of the sawtooth-shaped rain shelter of the present invention, used to illustrate the relative arrangement of the steep slope covering (42), the middle covering (43), the gentle slope covering (44), the eaves covering (41) and the covering support member (51); wherein the eaves covering (41) may be located at least partially above the upper edge of the middle covering (43), and may cover or overlap the edge area of ​​the gentle slope covering (44) to prevent rainwater from dripping into the middle section.

[0040] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached drawings: 1. Column; 2. Horizontal structural unit; 3. Longitudinal connector; 11. Upper connection position of the column; 12. Middle connection position of the column; 21. Upper gentle slope component; 22. Upper steep slope component; 23. Lower gentle slope component; 24. Lower steep slope component; 25. Intermediate connector; 26. Arc-shaped transition section; 31. Longitudinal scissor brace; 41. Eaves covering; 42. Steep slope covering; 43. Intermediate covering; 44. Gentle slope covering; 51. Covering support component; 52. Central drainage ditch; 53. Side drainage ditch; 251. Adjustable length connector; 252. Locking structure. Detailed Implementation

[0041] The specific embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. These embodiments are used to explain the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Where there is no conflict, the technical features of the following embodiments can be combined with each other.

[0042] like Figure 1 As shown, the sawtooth-shaped rain shelter includes multiple transverse structural units (2) arranged longitudinally at intervals and longitudinal connectors (3) connecting adjacent transverse structural units (2). Figure 1The transverse structural unit (2) is a structural unit arranged transversely along the shed body. Figure 1 The dashed circles in the diagram are only used to indicate the range of a horizontal structural unit (2) and do not represent solid components. Figure 2 The specific composition of one of the transverse structural units (2) is shown; to avoid misinterpreting the transverse structural unit (2) as a single rod or a single node, Figure 2 The horizontal structural unit (2) is not labeled separately as a whole.

[0043] The longitudinal connector (3) can be a longitudinal steel pipe, longitudinal tie rod, longitudinal cable, purlin, profile, composite material rod, wire rope or tensioning band, used to limit the spacing between adjacent transverse structural units (2) and improve the longitudinal integrity of the shed. Figure 1 The longitudinal scissor bracing (31) shown can be placed between adjacent transverse structural units (2) to improve the lateral displacement resistance of the shed in the longitudinal direction.

[0044] like Figure 2 As shown, the transverse structural unit (2) includes at least two columns (1) arranged at transverse intervals, an intermediate connector (25) arranged between two adjacent columns (1), an upper gentle slope component (21), an upper steep slope component (22), a lower gentle slope component (23) and a lower steep slope component (24).

[0045] The column (1) can be a steel pipe column, a square tube column, a round tube column, a steel section column, a concrete column, a wooden column, a composite material column, or a vertical support structure formed by combining multiple components. In a horizontal structural unit (2), one side of two adjacent columns (1) has an upper connection position (11), and the other side of the column (1) has a middle connection position (12). The upper connection position (11) is used to connect the upper gentle slope component (21) and the lower steep slope component (24), and the middle connection position (12) is used to connect the upper steep slope component (22) and the lower gentle slope component (23). The above connection positions can be connection holes, clamps, ear plates, fixtures, buckles, connecting seats, welded parts, binding parts, or sleeve parts, and are not limited to a single point in a geometric sense. Figure 2 The dashed circles in the diagram are only used to indicate the connection positions on the column (1) and do not indicate that they must be set as circular components or independent parts. Depending on the needs of the transverse span arrangement, the same column (1) can also be set with both the upper connection position and the middle connection position as a shared column for adjacent transverse spans.

[0046] The intermediate connector (25) is suspended between two adjacent columns (1), with its lower end spaced apart from the ground or foundation. Its spatial position is defined by the upper gentle slope component (21), upper steep slope component (22), lower gentle slope component (23), and lower steep slope component (24). In other words, the intermediate connector (25) provides a connection node for the four slope components and together with them forms a sawtooth-shaped load-bearing structure within a span. Temporary supports can be used for positioning during construction and installation. After installation, these temporary supports do not serve as load-bearing components supporting the intermediate connector (25) in the working state.

[0047] In the installed state, the upper connection position (11) of the column is higher than the middle connection position (12) of the column, and the vertical height difference between the upper and lower ends of the intermediate connector (25) is greater than the vertical height difference between the upper connection position (11) and the middle connection position (12) of the column. Therefore, the upper end of the intermediate connector (25) can be higher than the upper connection position (11) of the column, and / or the lower end of the intermediate connector (25) can be lower than the middle connection position (12) of the column, thus forming a staggered double sawtooth structure within a horizontal span.

[0048] In a preferred embodiment, the lower end of the intermediate connector (25) is lower than the middle connection position (12) of the column on the other side column (1). This height relationship increases the height difference between the lower gentle slope component (23) and the lower steep slope component (24), making the lower sawtooth drainage and ventilation structure more defined.

[0049] The intermediate connector (25) can be a rod, pipe, profile, cable, composite material component or a component formed by combining multiple connectors. It can be set in the vertical direction or inclined relative to the vertical direction.

[0050] exist Figure 2 In the structure shown, the upper gentle slope component (21) is connected between the upper connection position (11) of one of the two adjacent columns (1) and the upper end of the intermediate connector (25); the upper steep slope component (22) is connected between the upper end of the intermediate connector (25) and the middle connection position (12) of the other of the two adjacent columns (1); the lower steep slope component (24) is connected between the upper connection position (11) of the column on that side and the lower end of the intermediate connector (25); the lower gentle slope component (23) is connected between the lower end of the intermediate connector (25) and the middle connection position (12) of the column on the other side. Through this connection relationship, the transverse structural unit (2) forms a double sawtooth structure with staggered upper and lower parts within a transverse span.

[0051] The upper gentle slope component (21), upper steep slope component (22), lower gentle slope component (23), and lower steep slope component (24) are all load-bearing components installed along the corresponding slope direction. The above-mentioned slope components can be made of rods, cables, pipes, profiles, tie rods, steel cables, wire ropes, steel strands, tension belts, slings, round pipes, square pipes, round steel, fiberglass rods, fiberglass rods, carbon fiber rods, bamboo and wood rods, composite material rods, or combinations thereof. In the installed state, each slope component can mainly transmit tensile force along its length direction, and therefore the overall load-bearing capacity is mainly tensile. It should be noted that "tensile load-bearing capacity" is used to describe a preferred working state and stress characteristics of the slope component, and does not require the separate "tensile load-bearing component" other than the upper gentle slope component (21), upper steep slope component (22), lower gentle slope component (23), and lower steep slope component (24), nor does it exclude the slope component from simultaneously bearing bending, compression, or shearing under local working conditions.

[0052] The ends of the aforementioned slope components can be connected to the corresponding connection positions or intermediate connecting parts (25) by means of bolt connection, clamp connection, binding connection, collar connection, snap connection, crimp connection, hanging connection or welding connection. The slope components do not require a special tensioning connection mechanism to enter the tension working state; for example, assembly tensioning after ordinary bolt connection, pre-tensioning during installation, length matching of intermediate connecting parts (25), distance increase at the connection part or tensioning of the covering can all enable the slope components to bear tension in the working state.

[0053] In the installed state, the inclination angle of the upper gentle slope component (21) relative to the horizontal plane is smaller than that of the upper steep slope component (22) relative to the horizontal plane, and the inclination angle of the lower gentle slope component (23) relative to the horizontal plane is smaller than that of the lower steep slope component (24) relative to the horizontal plane. Since the upper steep slope component (22) and the lower steep slope component (24) have a large drainage slope, when the steep slope cover (42) is placed on the upper steep slope component (22) and the lower steep slope component (24), rainwater can be discharged along the slope surface, reducing the water accumulation on the membrane.

[0054] When the slope assembly for installing the slope cover (42) uses steel cables, wire ropes, or other slender components, a sleeve support structure can be fitted over the outside of the slender component. The sleeve support structure can be made of fiberglass tube, fiberglass tube, plastic tube, rubber tube, or composite material tube, and is used to increase the contact area between the slope cover (42) and the slope assembly, reduce wear on the cover film, and improve the flatness of the slope cover (42) after it is laid. The sleeve support structure can be installed along the entire length of the slope assembly, or it can be installed only in local areas where the slope cover (42) is in contact or where the stress is concentrated.

[0055] Based on Embodiment 1, this embodiment further includes an adjustable-length connector (251) and a locking structure (252) in the intermediate connector (25). Figure 2 As shown, 251 illustrates an adjustable length connector, and 252 illustrates a locking structure for locking the adjusted working length.

[0056] The adjustable length connector (251) can be connected by a telescopic sleeve, a sliding connection between inner and outer tubes, a threaded connection, a screw connection, a hole pin connection, or a multi-segment rod splicing connection. The locking structure (252) can be a bolt, pin, lock nut, clamp, clip, or set screw. By adjusting the working length of the intermediate connector (25), the distance between the upper and lower connection areas can be changed, thereby simultaneously adjusting the tension of the four slope components, the height of the vent, and the roof slope.

[0057] In another embodiment, the intermediate connector (25) can be installed using an interference fit with a working length slightly greater than the free spacing during installation. During installation, the intermediate connector (25) is assembled between the four slope components, so that the four slope components are in a tensile working state after overall assembly. In yet another embodiment, a spacer, pad, connecting lug, or replaceable joint can be provided at the connection points between the intermediate connector (25) and the upper gentle slope component (21), upper steep slope component (22), lower gentle slope component (23), or lower steep slope component (24) to adjust the tension of the slope components by changing the actual force distance at the connection points.

[0058] As an optional height relationship, the intermediate connector (25) has an upper end for connecting the upper gentle slope component (21) and the upper steep slope component (22), and a lower end for connecting the lower steep slope component (24) and the lower gentle slope component (23); the upper end can be set higher than the top of the side column (1) where the upper connection position (11) of the column is located, and the lower end can be set lower than the middle connection position (12) of the column on the other side column (1) to increase the height of the middle vent and form a more obvious double sawtooth relationship within a lateral span. The specific height can be determined according to the crop height, the width of the cover material, the drainage slope and the structural stress requirements.

[0059] In one implementation, such as Figure 2 As shown, the upper and / or lower ends of the intermediate connector (25) are provided with arc-shaped transition portions (26). The arc-shaped transition portions (26) connect the intermediate connector (25) and the corresponding slope component to form a smooth transition connection, reducing sharp corner connections, local stress concentration, and wear of the covering at the connection point. The arc-shaped transition portions (26) can be arc-shaped pipes, arc-shaped profiles, arc-shaped connecting pieces, arc-shaped connecting seats, bent connectors, or combinations thereof.

[0060] The arc transition section (26) may also have a saddle-shaped or near-saddle-shaped mating surface. This mating surface can be used to form a mating, semi-enclosed, or limiting connection with the end of a pipe fitting, profile, cable assembly, connecting piece, or other slope component. In this document, this component is uniformly referred to as the "arc transition section (26)," which may include an arc transition segment, a saddle-shaped mating surface, or a combination of both. Figure 2 The two numbers 26 above and below both indicate this type of transition structure.

[0061] like Figure 3 and combined Figure 2 As shown, in this embodiment, based on embodiment 1 or 2, an intermediate cover (43) is provided at the middle section where the intermediate connector (25) is located, a slope cover (44) is provided on the upper slope component (21) and / or the lower slope component (23), and an eaves cover (41) is provided above the intermediate cover (43). Figure 3 The reference numeral 43 is used to indicate the openable cover located at the middle section of the intermediate connector (25), the reference numeral 44 is used to indicate the slope cover located on the slope assembly, and the reference numeral 41 is used to indicate the eaves cover located above the intermediate cover (43) and which can overlap and cover the slope cover (44).

[0062] The intermediate covering (43) can be a roll film, roller blind, flip-up window, sliding window, folding film, push-pull film, openable mesh, or movable insulation curtain. When the intermediate covering (43) is closed, the greenhouse can form a light enclosure; when the intermediate covering (43) is open, the greenhouse forms a central ventilation opening. Since the steep slope covering (42) still covers the upper steep slope component (22) and the lower steep slope component (24), the greenhouse can maintain rain protection over the planting area when the intermediate covering (43) is open.

[0063] The slope covering (44) is installed on at least one of the upper slope component (21) and the lower slope component (23). The slope covering (44) can be an insect-proof net, hail-proof net, shade net, breathable net, light-regulating net, water-permeable net, non-woven fabric, or thermal insulation covering. The slope covering (44) mainly serves the functions of shading, insect prevention, hail prevention, breathability, water permeability, or phased thermal insulation, and is not required to have the main functions of rainproofing and drainage.

[0064] The eaves cover (41) is positioned above the intermediate cover (43), with at least a portion above the upper edge of the intermediate cover (43) to prevent rainwater from entering the middle section; at least a portion of the eaves cover (41) may also cover or overlap the edge area of ​​the adjacent slope cover (44). Through this overlap, the eaves cover (41) can block rainwater flowing along the surface of the slope cover (44) or rainwater dripping from the edge of the slope cover (44), preventing rainwater from dripping into the inner side of the middle section where the intermediate cover (43) is located.

[0065] In one embodiment, the free edge of the eaves cover (41) extends outward or downward relative to the upper edge of the intermediate cover (43) toward the rainwater drainage side to form an overlapping and shielding relationship. In another embodiment, at least a portion of the eaves cover (41) is located above the sloping cover (44), such that the upper edge or edge area of ​​the sloping cover (44) is covered by the eaves cover (41). Thus, in rainy weather, even if the intermediate cover (43) is open, the eaves cover (41) can prevent rainwater from directly entering the shed through the area where the intermediate cover (43) is located.

[0066] like Figure 3 As shown, the coverings include steep slope coverings (42), intermediate coverings (43), gentle slope coverings (44), and eaves coverings (41).

[0067] The slope cover (42) covers the upper slope component (22) and the lower slope component (24). The slope cover (42) can be a polyethylene film, PO film, EVA film, PVC film, waterproof cloth, waterproof tarpaulin or other covering materials with water-resistant function.

[0068] The gentle slope covering (44) is placed on at least one of the upper gentle slope component (21) and the lower gentle slope component (23). In this way, the rain protection function is mainly undertaken by the steep slope component, while the sunshade, insect protection, hail protection, air permeability, water permeability or phased heat preservation functions are mainly undertaken by the gentle slope component, so that the same structure can achieve a zoned arrangement of different covering functions.

[0069] To achieve overlap, waterproof edging, drainage channels, or eaves, steep slope coverings (42), eaves coverings (41), or gentle slope coverings (44) may extend beyond a local area of ​​the adjacent surface at their edges. This local overlap does not change the technical concept that the main rainproof and drainage covering surface of the steep slope coverings (42) is located on the upper steep slope component (22) and the lower steep slope component (24), nor does it change the function of the eaves coverings (41) in blocking the path of rainwater entering from the middle surface.

[0070] Based on any of the above embodiments, this embodiment provides a cover support member (51) between the upper steep slope component (22) and / or the lower steep slope component (24) and the steep slope cover (42).

[0071] The cover support (51) can be an arc-shaped arch, a spacer block, a pad, a support seat, a buckle seat, or an arc-shaped support, or a combination of two or more of the above components. The cover support (51) has a support portion that is higher than the corresponding steep slope component, so that the steep slope cover (42) forms an outwardly convex arc-shaped or near-arc-shaped cover surface, thereby improving the membrane support effect, reducing membrane wear, improving drainage, and reducing the risk of water accumulation.

[0072] In one embodiment, the cover support (51) is an arc-shaped arch above the slope assembly, which serves as the lower tension or positioning member of the arc-shaped arch. In another embodiment, the cover support (51) is a spacer or pad between the slope assembly and the slope cover (42), with the spacer spacer spaced at intervals along the length of the slope assembly, so that the central area of ​​the slope cover (42) is supported to form a local arc surface. The spacer spacer can be made of plastic, rubber, composite material, metal, snap-fit, or arc-shaped support.

[0073] Based on any of the above embodiments, this embodiment provides a central drainage ditch (52) and / or a side drainage ditch (53) at the lower end of the steep slope surface formed by the upper steep slope component (22) and / or the lower steep slope component (24). In this invention, the lower end of the steep slope surface refers to the low-side area of ​​the slope surface where rainwater flows along the steep slope cover (42) and collects or is discharged.

[0074] like Figure 2 As shown, the central drainage ditch (52) can be located near the lower end of the intermediate connector (25). The central drainage ditch (52) can be a suspended drainage ditch or a lightweight drainage ditch, connected to the slope assembly, longitudinal connector (3), column (1) or other components by means of slings, hooks, clamps, bindings, ropes or buckles. The central drainage ditch (52) can be made of flexible water-guiding membrane, film-overlapping water trough, lightweight water-guiding trough, water-guiding cloth, plastic trough or thin-walled metal trough, used to collect rainwater flowing down the steep slope surface from the steep slope cover (42) and guide it to the ground or the outside of the greenhouse. Unlike the load-bearing gutter in the traditional sawtooth greenhouse, which has both drainage and structural support functions, the central drainage ditch (52) in this embodiment mainly undertakes the function of guiding water, and does not need to be used as the main load-bearing component of the intermediate connector (25) or the slope assembly, nor is it used as a bracket to support the intermediate connector (25).

[0075] like Figure 2As shown, the side drainage ditch (53) can be set at the side drainage position near the column (1) to collect rainwater discharged from the steep side slope. The side drainage ditch (53) can be a conventional gutter, a lightweight water guide channel, a plastic channel, a thin-walled metal channel or a membrane overlap channel, and can be fixed to the side of the column (1), connected to the longitudinal connector (3) or supported by other connectors. The side drainage ditch (53) and the central drainage ditch (52) can be set at the same time, or one of them can be selected according to the drainage direction, the boundary of the shed and the construction cost.

[0076] In scenarios with less rainfall or where rainwater is allowed to fall between rows, the central drainage ditch (52) or the side drainage ditch (53) may not be provided, allowing rainwater to drip freely from the lower end of the steep slope to the ground or the drainage area between rows.

[0077] The intermediate connector (25) can be set vertically or inclined relative to the vertical direction. When the intermediate connector (25) is inclined, the upper and lower slope components can form a more symmetrical connection relationship on both sides of the intermediate connector (25), which is beneficial to make the forces on the left and right sides of the intermediate connector (25) more balanced. The projection positions of the upper and lower ends of the intermediate connector (25) in the horizontal direction can be staggered. Furthermore, the intermediate connector (25) can be offset relative to the horizontal centerline of the horizontal structural unit (2) so that the intermediate connector (25) does not have to be located at the geometric midpoint between adjacent columns (1).

[0078] In some embodiments, a diagonal stabilizing member, compensating cable, or compensating rod may be provided between the intermediate connector (25) and the column (1). This diagonal stabilizing member, compensating cable, or compensating rod may be connected between the upper end or near the upper end of the intermediate connector (25) and the adjacent column (1), and / or connected between the lower end or near the lower end of the intermediate connector (25) and the adjacent column (1), to improve the stability of the intermediate connector (25) under asymmetrical slope loads. The aforementioned components may be steel cables, wire ropes, tension bands, rods, round tubes, square tubes, fiberglass rods, or composite material components.

[0079] In another embodiment, a temporary installation positioning component, an anti-wind suction auxiliary cable, a reinforcing cable, or a reinforcing strut may be installed near the intermediate connector (25). The temporary installation positioning component does not serve as the main load-bearing support in the working state after construction is completed; the anti-wind suction auxiliary cable, the reinforcing cable, or the reinforcing strut may serve as additional stabilizing components in the working state according to wind load requirements.

[0080] When multiple transverse structural units (2) are arranged continuously in the transverse direction, adjacent transverse structural units (2) can share a single column (1), or the two columns (1) of adjacent transverse structural units (2) can be connected to each other by clamps, connecting plates, transverse connecting rods, fixtures or welded parts, so that they work together in terms of force. In this way, a multi-span sawtooth-shaped rain shelter can be formed.

[0081] In a horizontal multi-span arrangement, the central common column can have both an upper column connection position and a middle column connection position. The horizontal side columns can have only an upper column connection position or a middle column connection position, or both, depending on the connection relationship of their span.

[0082] When multiple transverse structural units (2) are arranged at longitudinal intervals, adjacent transverse structural units (2) are connected by longitudinal connectors (3). The longitudinal connectors (3) can be arranged at the top of the column (1), in the middle of the column (1), near the intermediate connector (25), near the slope component, or at the edge of the cover. The longitudinal connectors (3) can limit the spacing between adjacent transverse structural units (2) and improve the overall stability of the shed in the longitudinal direction.

[0083] In one embodiment, a longitudinal scissor brace (31) may also be provided between two adjacent transverse structural units (2). The longitudinal scissor brace (31) may be an X-shaped flexible cable, a cross steel wire rope, a cross tie rod, or a cable-rod assembly. The longitudinal scissor brace (31) may be connected between the columns (1) of two adjacent transverse structural units (2), or between adjacent intermediate connectors (25), or between nodes near the slope component.

[0084] In practical agricultural applications, during rainfall, the steep slope cover (42) can be kept covering the upper steep slope component (22) and the lower steep slope component (24), while the middle cover (43) can be opened to maintain ventilation; the eaves cover (41) covers or overlaps the edge area of ​​the gentle slope cover (44), which can reduce rainwater entering the shed through the middle section. During periods of strong sunlight, the shade net in the gentle slope cover (44) can be deployed on the upper gentle slope component (21) or the lower gentle slope component (23); insect nets can be set up during the pest control stage; hail nets can be set up when there is a risk of hail; when phased heat preservation is required, the middle cover (43) can be closed and used in conjunction with the heat preservation cover.

[0085] In areas with heavy rainfall, it is preferable to arrange continuous steep slope coverings (42) on the upper steep slope component (22) and the lower steep slope component (24), and to set up a central drainage ditch (52) and / or a side drainage ditch (53) at the lower end of the steep slope surface; in scenarios with less rainfall or where rainwater is allowed to fall between rows, the central drainage ditch (52) or the side drainage ditch (53) may not be set up, so that rainwater can drip freely from the lower side of the slope surface to the ground or the drainage area between rows.

[0086] The above embodiments are merely illustrative examples of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make equivalent substitutions or conventional modifications to the column material, intermediate connector type, slope component material, slope component stress state, covering material, opening / closing method, eaves covering overlap method, covering support component, arc-shaped transition section, oblique stabilizing component, compensating cable, longitudinal connection method, and drainage ditch structure without departing from the concept of the present invention. All such substitutions or modifications should fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A serrated rain shelter, characterized in that, It includes multiple transverse structural units (2) arranged at longitudinal intervals, longitudinal connectors (3) connecting adjacent transverse structural units (2), and a covering; The transverse structural unit (2) includes at least two columns (1) arranged at transverse intervals, an intermediate connector (25) suspended between two adjacent columns (1), an upper gentle slope component (21), an upper steep slope component (22), a lower gentle slope component (23) and a lower steep slope component (24). One of the two adjacent columns (1) has an upper connection position (11) and the other column (1) has a middle connection position (12). The upper connection position (11) of the column is higher than the middle connection position (12) of the column; in the installed state, the vertical height difference between the upper end and the lower end of the intermediate connector (25) is greater than the vertical height difference between the upper connection position (11) of the column and the middle connection position (12) of the column. The lower end of the intermediate connector (25) is spaced apart from the ground or foundation, and its spatial position is defined by the upper gentle slope component (21), the upper steep slope component (22), the lower gentle slope component (23), and the lower steep slope component (24). The upper gentle slope component (21) is connected between the upper connection position (11) of the column and the upper end of the intermediate connector (25), and the upper steep slope component (22) is connected between the upper end of the intermediate connector (25) and the middle connection position (12) of the column. The steep slope component (24) is connected between the upper connection position (11) of the column and the lower end of the intermediate connector (25), and the gentle slope component (23) is connected between the lower end of the intermediate connector (25) and the middle connection position (12) of the column. In the installed state, the inclination angle of the upper gentle slope component (21) relative to the horizontal plane is smaller than that of the upper steep slope component (22) relative to the horizontal plane, and the inclination angle of the lower gentle slope component (23) relative to the horizontal plane is smaller than that of the lower steep slope component (24) relative to the horizontal plane. The covering includes a slope covering (42) which covers the upper slope assembly (22) and the lower slope assembly (24) to form a drainage covering surface for rainwater to drain along the slope surface.

2. The sawtooth-shaped rain shelter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower end of the intermediate connector (25) is lower than the middle connection position (12) of the column.

3. The sawtooth-shaped rain shelter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intermediate connector (25) includes an adjustable length connector (251) and a locking structure (252) for locking the working length of the intermediate connector (25).

4. The sawtooth-shaped rain shelter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sawtooth-shaped rain shelter also includes an intermediate covering (43) disposed at the central section between the intermediate connecting members (25) arranged longitudinally adjacent to each other and between the upper and lower ends of the intermediate connecting members (25).

5. The sawtooth-shaped rain shelter according to claim 4, characterized in that, The sawtooth-shaped rain shelter also includes an eaves cover (41), which is disposed above the middle cover (43), and at least a portion of the eaves cover (41) is located above the upper edge of the middle cover (43) to prevent rainwater from entering the middle section.

6. The sawtooth-shaped rain shelter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The sawtooth-shaped rain shelter also includes a gentle slope cover (44), which is disposed on at least one of the upper gentle slope component (21) and the lower gentle slope component (23).

7. The sawtooth-shaped rain shelter according to claim 1, characterized in that, A cover support (51) is provided between the upper steep slope component (22) and / or the lower steep slope component (24) and the steep slope cover (42), and the cover support (51) has a support portion higher than the corresponding upper steep slope component (22) and / or lower steep slope component (24) in the installed state.

8. The sawtooth-shaped rain shelter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper steep slope component (22) and / or the lower steep slope component (24) support a steep slope surface for rainwater to flow down. A central drainage ditch (52) and / or a side drainage ditch (53) are provided at the lower end of the steep slope surface. When the central drainage ditch (52) is provided, it is located near the lower end of the intermediate connector (25). When the side drainage ditch (53) is provided, it is located at the side drainage position near the column (1).

9. The sawtooth-shaped rain shelter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intermediate connector (25) is inclined relative to the vertical direction.

10. The sawtooth-shaped rain shelter according to claim 1, characterized in that, The upper and / or lower ends of the intermediate connector (25) are provided with arc-shaped transition portions (26), which are connected between the intermediate connector (25) and the corresponding upper gentle slope component (21), upper steep slope component (22), lower gentle slope component (23) or lower steep slope component (24).

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