Lighting devices configured with overlapping narrow spectral peaks, including red DE-LEDs and KSIF PC-blue LEDs.

Abstract

The present invention provides a light generation system configured to provide system light; wherein the light generation system includes (i) a first light generating device, (ii) a second light generating device, and (iii) a light-emitting material device; wherein: (A) the first light generating device includes a first solid-state light source, the first solid-state light source being configured to generate first light source light having a wavelength selected from the wavelength range of 430-490 nm; wherein the first light generating device is configured to generate first device light; (B) the light-emitting material device includes a first light-emitting material, the first light-emitting material being disposed downstream of the first light source and configured to convert at least a portion of the first light source light received by the first light-emitting material into first light-emitting material light having a first spectral power distribution in the visible wavelength range, the first spectral power distribution having a first centroid wavelength (λc1); wherein the first centroid wavelength (λc1) is selected from the wavelength range of 615-645 nm; wherein the first light-emitting material light includes one or more emission bands having a first full width at half maximum (FWHM1), the first... The full width at half maximum (FWHM2) is selected from a range up to 40 nm; wherein the first luminescent material comprises a luminescent material of the type doped with tetravalent manganese, wherein M comprises an alkaline earth cation, wherein M' comprises a basic cation, and x is in the range of 0-1, wherein A comprises a tetravalent cation, wherein X comprises a monovalent anion, and at least fluorine; (C) the second light generating device comprises a second solid-state light source; wherein the second light generating device is configured to generate second device light having a second spectral power distribution in the visible wavelength range, the second spectral power distribution having an emission band having (a) a second centroid wavelength (λc2) selected from a wavelength range of 605-655 nm, and (b) a second full width at half maximum (FWHM2) selected from a range up to 40 nm; and (D) the light generating system is configured such that (a) the first spectral power distribution and the second spectral power distribution at least partially overlap, (b); and (c) in the operating mode of the light generating system, the system light comprises (i) the first luminescent material light and (ii) the second device light.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a light generating system. It also relates to lighting devices including a light generating system. Background Technology

[0002] Light generation systems are known in the art. For example, US2017077360 describes a phosphor-converted white light emitting device comprising a solid-state light emitter (LED) operable to generate blue light in the dominant wavelength range of 440 nm to 470 nm; a yellow to green emitting phosphor operable to generate light with a peak emission wavelength in the range of 500 nm to 550 nm; and a red-emitting manganese-activated fluoride phosphor, such as a manganese-activated potassium hexafluorosilicate phosphor (K2SiF6:Mn). 4+ Yellow to green and red emitting phosphors are incorporated as a mixture and dispersed throughout the light-transmitting material having a refractive index or refractive index of 1.40 to 1.43. The device may also include orange to red emitting phosphors operable to produce light with a peak emission wavelength of 580 nm to 620 nm.

[0003] WO2017 / 021087A1 discloses a lighting device configured to provide lighting device light, and includes: a light source configured to provide deep blue radiation in the range of 400-440 nm and blue light in the range of 440-490 nm; a first luminescent material that produces yellow / green light; and a second luminescent material that produces red light emitted in the range of 620-680 nm. The lighting device is configured to provide white lighting device light, including deep blue radiation, blue light, light from the first luminescent material, and light from the second luminescent material, at a first setting of the lighting device. Summary of the Invention

[0004] Including transition metal ions Mn 4+Existing systems using activated fluoride-based phosphors (or luminescent materials) have demonstrated high luminous efficiency. However, such luminescent materials can suffer from efficiency degradation. Efficiency degradation in phosphors is a phenomenon describing their tendency to lose efficiency as luminous flux increases due to excited-state upconversion losses. Therefore, it is desirable to provide a light generation system with less or no efficiency degradation. Furthermore, such phosphors can exhibit pump-dependent color shifts (e.g., for white LED lighting) due to hydrolysis and light-based damage to the phosphor. Therefore, it is desirable to provide a light generation system with reduced color point shift. Additionally or alternatively, it is desirable to provide a light generation system with tunable correlated color temperature and / or tunable spectral characteristics while limiting efficiency degradation. Therefore, one aspect of the present invention is to provide an alternative light generation system that preferably also at least partially eliminates one or more of the aforementioned disadvantages. The object of the present invention is to overcome or improve at least one disadvantage of the prior art, or to provide a useful alternative.

[0005] According to a first aspect, the present invention provides a light generation system configured to provide system light. The light generation system may include a first light generating device, a second light generating device, and a light-emitting material device (or light-emitting converter). In an embodiment, the first light generating device may include a first solid-state light source. In an embodiment, the first solid-state light source may be configured to generate first light source light. Specifically, in an embodiment, the first light source light may have a wavelength selected from a wavelength range of 430-490 nm. Therefore, in an embodiment, the first light source light may be blue light. In an embodiment, the light-emitting material device may include a first light-emitting material disposed downstream of the first solid-state light source. Specifically, the first light-emitting material may be configured to convert at least a portion of the first light source light received by the first light-emitting material into first light-emitting material light. In an embodiment, the first light-emitting material light may have a first centroid wavelength (λ) in the visible wavelength range. c1 The first spectral power distribution of ). Specifically, in the embodiment, the first centroid wavelength (λ) c1 The wavelength can be selected from the 615-645 nm range. Furthermore, in embodiments, the light emitted by the first luminescent material may include one or more emission bands having a corresponding first full width at half maximum (FWHM1), which is selected from a range up to 40 nm. Additionally, in embodiments, the first luminescent material may include light doped with tetravalent manganese. The light-emitting material is of this type. Specifically, in such embodiments, M comprises an alkaline earth cation, M' comprises a basic cation, and x is in the range of 0-1. Furthermore, in such embodiments, A comprises a tetravalent cation, and X comprises a monovalent anion, including at least fluorine. In embodiments, the second light-generating device may include a second solid-state light source. The second solid-state light source may be configured to generate second light source light. In embodiments, the second light-generating device may be configured to generate second device light. Specifically, in embodiments, the second device light may have a second spectral power distribution in the visible wavelength range. Specifically, in embodiments, the second spectral power distribution may have an emission band having a second centroid wavelength (λ) selected from a wavelength range of 605-655 nm. c2 Therefore, in an embodiment, the second device light can be red light. Additionally, in an embodiment, the second spectral power distribution can have an emission band having a second full width at half maximum (FWHM2) selected from a range up to 40 nm. Furthermore, in an embodiment, the light generation system can be configured such that the first and second spectral power distributions at least partially overlap. Additionally, in an embodiment, the light generation system can be configured such that... Additionally, in embodiments, the light generation system can be configured such that, in an operating mode of the light generation system, the system light can include one or more of (i) first luminescent material light and (ii) second device light. Therefore, in embodiments, the present invention can provide a light generation system configured to provide system light; wherein the light generation system can include (i) a first light generating device, (ii) a second light generating device, and (iii) a luminescent material device; wherein: (A) the first light generating device can include a first solid-state light source configured to generate first light source light having a wavelength selected from a wavelength range of 430-490 nm; wherein the first light generating device is configured to generate first device light; (B) the luminescent material device can include a first luminescent material disposed downstream of the first solid-state light source and configured to convert at least a portion of the first light source light received by the first luminescent material into first luminescent material light having a first spectral power distribution in the visible wavelength range, the first spectral power distribution having a first centroid wavelength (λ). c1 ); where the first centroid wavelength (λ) c1 The wavelength range of the first luminescent material can be selected from 615-645 nm; the first luminescent material can include one or more emission bands having a first full width at half maximum (FWHM1) selected from a range up to 40 nm; the first luminescent material can include tetravalent manganese doped with... The light-emitting material of the type, wherein M comprises an alkaline earth cation, wherein M' comprises a basic cation, and x is in the range of 0-1, wherein A comprises a tetravalent cation, wherein X comprises a monovalent anion, and at least fluorine; (C) the second light-generating device may comprise a second solid-state light source; wherein the second light-generating device may be configured to generate second device light having a second spectral power distribution in the visible wavelength range, the second spectral power distribution having an emission band having (a) a second centroid wavelength (λ) selected from the wavelength range of 605-655 nm. c2 (a) and (b) a second full width at half maximum (FWHM2) selected from the range up to 40 nm; and (d) the light generation system can be configured such that (a) the first spectral power distribution and the second spectral power distribution can at least partially overlap, (b) ; and (c) in the operating mode of the light generation system, the system light may include (i) light from a first luminescent material and (ii) light from a second device.

[0006] The light generation system can therefore combine a red phosphor conversion light source with a (direct emission) red light source having an overlapping spectral power distribution. The overlap of the spectral power distribution is greater than 50%, such as greater than 60%, preferably greater than 70%, and more preferably greater than 80%. This light generation system can provide the benefit of using a (direct emission) light source to compensate for the loss of phosphor conversion light due to hydrolysis and light-based damage to the phosphor. In this way, undesirable shifts in the system light's color point and / or color rendering index (CRI) can be reduced. Furthermore, such embodiments can provide a light generation system capable of oversaturating red light, which is desirable, for example, in meat lighting.

[0007] The light generation system may therefore include a first light generating device, a second light generating device, and a light-emitting material device. Embodiments of the light generating device and the light-emitting material device will now be described in more detail.

[0008] In an embodiment, the first light generating device may include a first solid-state light source. In an embodiment, the first solid-state light source may include a light source selected from the group consisting of light-emitting diodes (LEDs), laser diodes, multi-junction light-emitting diodes, or superluminescent diodes (also hereinafter). In an embodiment, the first solid-state light source may be configured to generate first light source light having a wavelength range from 430-490 nm, such as from 440-490 nm, like a wavelength selected from the range of 440-470 nm. Specifically, in an embodiment, the first light source light may have a wavelength in the blue wavelength range. In an embodiment, the first light generating device may be configured to generate first device light. In some embodiments, the first device light may include a portion of the first light source light.

[0009] In embodiments, a first solid-state light source can be configured to provide first light source light to a light-emitting material device. Therefore, in embodiments, the light-emitting material device can be positioned downstream of the first solid-state light source. In some embodiments, the first light-emitting material can (or even) be positioned downstream of both the first and second solid-state light sources. The terms "downstream" and "upstream" refer to the arrangement of articles or features relative to the propagation of light from a light-generating device (here, in particular, a light source), wherein a second position in the beam closer to the light-generating device is "upstream" relative to a first position within the beam from the light-generating device, and a third position in the beam further away from the light-generating device is "downstream." In embodiments, the light-emitting material device can include a first light-emitting material. Specifically, the first light-emitting material can be positioned downstream of the first solid-state light source. More specifically, in embodiments, the first light-emitting material can be provided at a first distance (d1) from the first solid-state light source. In some embodiments, the first distance (d1) can be substantially zero, i.e., the first light-emitting material can be configured to be in (direct) physical contact with the first solid-state light source. For example, in one embodiment, the luminescent material device may include a luminescent body or a luminescent layer (see also below), which includes a first luminescent material and is configured to directly contact a first solid-state light source (such as on top of or above the first solid-state light source). In other embodiments, the first luminescent material may be configured to be away from the first solid-state light source, i.e., d1 ≠ 0. For example, in one embodiment, the luminescent material device may include a luminescent body or a luminescent layer, which includes a first luminescent material and is configured to be away from the first solid-state light source. In such embodiments, the first distance (d1) may be at least 5 μm, such as at least 15 μm, like at least 25 μm. In another embodiment, the first distance (d1) may be at most 25 cm, such as at most 15 cm, like at most 5 cm. Thus, in one embodiment, the first distance (d1) may be selected from the range of 0-25 cm. In such embodiments, there may be no physical contact between the first luminescent material and the first solid-state light source. Here, the first distance may in particular be defined as the shortest distance between the top surface of the first solid-state light source and the luminescent material device, particularly the first surface of the first luminescent material.

[0010] Therefore, the first luminescent material can be configured to receive light from a first solid-state light source. The phrase "light received by..." and similar phrases, such as "light from a light source received by the first luminescent material," can specifically indicate that an action can occur when light is actually received by an article. In embodiments, the action can be one or more of conversion, reflection, and transmission. Furthermore, the action may also include refraction. In embodiments, the first luminescent material can be configured to convert at least a portion of the light from a first light source received by the first luminescent material into first luminescent material light. Therefore, the phrase "converting at least a portion of the light from a light source received by the first luminescent material into first luminescent material light" and similar phrases can indicate (in the operating mode of the light generation system) that at least a portion of the device light can be converted into first luminescent material light when at least a portion of the device light actually irradiates the first luminescent material. Specifically, in embodiments, the first luminescent material can be configured to convert at least 60%, such as at least 70%, like at least 80%, particularly at least 90%, and more particularly at least 95% of the light from a first light source received by the first luminescent material into first luminescent material light. In some embodiments, the first luminescent material may be configured to convert at least 98%, such as at least 99%, or even 100%, of the light from the first light source received by the first luminescent material into light from the first luminescent material.

[0011] In an embodiment, the light emitted by the first luminescent material can have a first spectral power distribution within the visible wavelength range (i.e., the range of 380-780 nm). The first spectral power distribution can particularly have a first centroid wavelength (λ). c1 The term "centroid wavelength," also denoted as λc, is known in the art and refers to the wavelength in which half of the light energy is at a shorter wavelength and half at a longer wavelength; this value is expressed in nanometers (nm). It is the wavelength at which the integral of the spectral power distribution is divided into two equal parts, as shown in the formula... This is represented by the summation over the wavelength range of interest, and I(λ) is the spectral energy density (i.e., the integral of the product of wavelength and intensity over the emission band normalized to the integral intensity). The centroid wavelength can be determined, for example, under operating conditions. In an embodiment, the first centroid wavelength (λ) c1 The wavelength can be selected from the 600-780nm range, such as the 610-750nm range, such as the 610-700nm range, such as the 615-650nm range, and particularly the 615-645nm range. Furthermore, in the embodiments, the first centroid wavelength (λ) c1The light emitted by the first luminescent material can be selected from the wavelength range of 625-635 nm. Furthermore, in embodiments, the light emitted by the first luminescent material can include one or more emission bands having a (corresponding) first full width at half maximum (FWHM1). Specifically, in embodiments, the first full width at half maximum (FWHM1) can be selected from a range up to 40 nm, particularly up to 30 nm, such as up to 20 nm.

[0012] Here, the full width at half maximum (FWHM) of the (first) luminescent material can be determined at room temperature. That is, the light emitted by the first luminescent material may have an emission band with a first FWHM1. The FWHM of the emission band can be determined, in particular, at room temperature. Specifically, the FWHM of the emission band from the luminescent material can be determined when the luminescent material has a temperature selected from the range of 20-25°C (i.e., room temperature). Furthermore, the FWHM of the emission band can be determined by the spectral power distribution of the emission band and can be defined as the width of the emission band (in nm) at half the maximum intensity of the emission band.

[0013] Furthermore, in the embodiments, the first luminescent material may include a material doped with tetravalent manganese. The luminescent material is of the type wherein M' comprises an alkaline earth cation, M comprises a basic cation, and x can be selected from the range of 0-1, wherein A comprises a tetravalent cation, such as one or more of silicon and titanium, and wherein X comprises a monovalent anion, at least comprising fluorine. In an embodiment, a tetravalent manganese-doped material is used. The luminescent material can also be referred to as "KSiF" or "KSF" in this article, regardless of whether M includes K or one or more other basic cations. Doped with tetravalent manganese... The luminescent material of this type is particularly described in WO2013121355A1, which is incorporated herein by reference. The paragraph from WO2013121355A1 is also reproduced herein. The relevant alkaline earth cations (M') are magnesium (Mg), strontium (Sr), calcium (Ca), and barium (Ba), especially one or more of Sr and Ba. The relevant basic cations (M) are sodium (Na), potassium (K), and rubidium (Rb). Alternatively, ammonium (NH4) may also be used. ＋ M comprises, for example, lithium (Li) and / or cesium (Cs). In a preferred embodiment, M comprises at least potassium. In yet another embodiment, M comprises at least rubidium. The phrase "wherein M comprises at least potassium" means, for example, in molar... Of all the M cations, some include K. ＋And optionally, the remaining portion includes one or more other monovalent (basic) cations (see also below). In another preferred embodiment, M comprises at least potassium and rubidium. In one embodiment, preferably at least 80% (i.e., 80% of the total moles of type M), even more preferably at least 90%, such as 95%, of M consists of potassium and / or rubidium. Optionally, The luminescent material has a hexagonal phase. In yet another embodiment, The luminescent material has a cubic phase. In one embodiment, a combination of different basic cations can be used. In yet another embodiment, a combination of different alkaline earth cations can be used. In still another embodiment, a combination of one or more basic cations and one or more alkaline earth cations can be used. For example, it can be used... , where x can be selected from the range of 0-1, especially x≤1. In a specific embodiment, x=0.

[0014] The term "tetravalent manganese" refers to Mn 4＋ This is a well-known luminescent ion. In the molecular formula described above, a portion of the tetravalent cation A (such as Si) is replaced by manganese. Therefore, doped with tetravalent manganese... It can also be expressed as The molar percentage of manganese, i.e., the percentage by which it replaces the tetravalent cation A, is typically 0.1-15%, particularly 1-12%, i.e., m is in the range of 0.001-0.15, particularly 0.01-0.12. Because manganese substitutes for a portion of the main lattice ions and has specific functions, it is also referred to as a "dopant" or "activator." Therefore, hexafluorosilicates are made with manganese (Mn) 4＋ Doping or activation.

[0015] In embodiments, A comprises a tetravalent cation and preferably comprises at least silicon. A may also practically comprise one or more of titanium (Ti), germanium (Ge), tin (Sn), and zinc (Zn). Preferably, at least 80%, and even more preferably at least 90%, such as at least 95%, of A is composed of silicon. Thus, in one specific embodiment, It can also be described as Where m and x are as described above, and where t, g, s, zr are each preferably independently in the range of 0-0.2, particularly 0-0.1, even more particularly 0-0.05, where t+g+s+zr is less than 1, particularly equal to or less than 0.2, preferably in the range of 0-0.2, particularly 0-0.1, even more particularly 0-0.05, and where A is particularly Si. X is preferably fluorine (F).

[0016] As mentioned above, M relates to a monovalent cation, but preferably includes at least potassium and / or rubidium. Other monovalent cations that M may further include are lithium (Li), sodium (Na), cesium (Cs), and ammonium (NH4+). 4＋ A group consisting of ) . Therefore, in a specific embodiment, It can also be described as Where r is in the range of 0-1, and l, n, c, nh are each preferably independently in the range of 0-1, preferably 0-0.2, particularly 0-0.1, even more particularly 0-0.05, and where r + l + n + c + nh are in the range of 0-1, particularly l + n + c + nh are less than 1, particularly equal to or less than 0.2, preferably in the range of 0-0.2, particularly 0-0.1, even more particularly 0-0.05. X is preferably fluorine (F).

[0017] As described above, one or more alkaline earth cations may be present in addition to (or alternative to) basic cations. Therefore, in one specific embodiment, It can also be described as Where k, r, l, n, c, and nh are each independently in the range of 0-1, and mg, ca, sr, and ba are each independently in the range of 0-1, and mg + ca + sr + ba + k + r + l + n + c + nh = 1. In the embodiment, k = 1, and the others (mg, ca, sr, ba, r, l, n, c, nh) are zero.

[0018] As described above, X relates to a monovalent anion, but includes at least fluorine. Other optional monovalent anions may be selected from chlorine (Cl), bromine (Br), and iodine (I). Preferably, at least 80%, and even more preferably at least 90%, for example, 95%, of X is composed of fluorine. Therefore, in specific embodiments, It can also be described as Wherein c1, b, and i are each independently preferably in the range of 0-0.2, particularly 0-0.1, and even more particularly 0-0.05, and wherein c1+b+i is less than 1, particularly equal to or less than 0.2, preferably in the range of 0-0.2, particularly 0-0.1, and even more particularly 0-0.05. In particular, X may consist essentially of F (fluorine).

[0019] therefore, It can also be described as Where k, r, l, n, c, and nh are each independently in the range of 0-1, where mg, ca, sr, and ba are each independently in the range of 0-1, where mg + ca + sr + ba + k + r + l + n + c + nh = 1, and the values ​​of m, t, g, s, zr, c1, b, and i are as described above. X is preferably fluorine (F). In the examples, This includes K2SiF6 (also referred to herein as the KSiF system). In another preferred embodiment, This includes KRbSiF6 (also referred to as the K,Rb system in this paper). As mentioned above, some silicon is replaced by manganese (i.e., the molecular formula can also be described as...). or Where m is as described above, or is described respectively as And K2SiF6:Mn). In the following text, Also expressed as In a specific embodiment, the instruction is... Can refer to and One or more of them, such as , and One or more of them. In an embodiment, a narrowband emitter based on tetravalent manganese may include Additionally or alternatively, in embodiments, a narrowband emitter based on tetravalent manganese may include In a specific embodiment, the narrowband emitter based on tetravalent manganese may specifically include K2SiF6:Mn. 4＋ From the above, it can be concluded that "(Si, Ti)" can represent one or more of Si and Ti (and "(K, Rb)" can represent one or more of K and Rb). The (first) luminescent material can also be coated, as also described in WO2013121355A1. Therefore, in specific embodiments, the first luminescent material (particularly including a narrowband emitter based on tetravalent manganese) can include... and One or more of them. In particular, in embodiments, the first luminescent material (i.e., a narrowband emitter based on tetravalent manganese) may include K2SiF6:Mn 4＋ Such embodiments may be advantageous because so-called "KSiF" phosphors exhibit high luminous efficiency and improved performance compared to other red phosphors such as oxynitrides and nitrides in terms of quantum efficiency, full width at half maximum (FWHM), and ideal peak position. Therefore, in embodiments, the first luminescent material may include tetravalent manganese doped with... The light-emitting element may further comprise a light-emitting material of a different type from the first light-emitting material, such as, for example, a quantum structure, or other types of light-emitting materials described further below. However, in embodiments, at least 70 vol.% of the light-emitting material in the light-emitting element may be doped with tetravalent manganese. Types, such as at least 80 vol.%, such as at least 90 vol.%, especially at least 95 vol.%, even more especially at least 98 vol.%, including 100 vol.%.

[0020] As described above, the light generation system further includes a second light generation device. In an embodiment, the second light generation device may include a second solid-state light source configured to generate second light source light. In an embodiment, the second light generation device may be configured to generate second device light having a second spectral power distribution in the visible wavelength range (i.e., 380-780 nm). In an embodiment, the second spectral power distribution may have an emission band having a second centroid wavelength (λ). c2 In the embodiment, the second centroid wavelength (λ) c2 The wavelength can be selected from the 600-780nm range, such as the 600-750nm range, such as the 605-700nm range, such as the 605-655nm range, and particularly the 610-650nm range. Furthermore, in the embodiments, the second centroid wavelength (λ) c2 The wavelength can be selected from the 620-640 nm range, such as the 625-635 nm range. Specifically, in the embodiment, the second centroid wavelength (λ) c2 The wavelength can be selected from the 617-643 nm range. Such embodiments can be advantageous because the light from the second device can overlap with the light from the first luminescent material in terms of spectral power distribution, thereby allowing the use of the second light-generating device to compensate for efficiency losses in the light from the first luminescent material, while reducing or even eliminating the color point shift of the system light. Therefore, in embodiments, the second light source can have a second centroid wavelength (λ) in the red wavelength range. c2 The emission band of the second spectral power distribution may have a second full width at half maximum (FWHM2). In particular, in an embodiment, the second full width at half maximum (FWHM2) may be selected from a range up to 40 nm, especially up to 30 nm, such as up to 20 nm.

[0021] In embodiments, the second light generating device, particularly the second solid-state light source, may include a light source selected from the group consisting of light-emitting diodes (LEDs), laser diodes, multi-junction light-emitting diodes, or superluminescent diodes (also hereinafter). In embodiments, the light source may be configured to provide primary radiation that is used as is, such as a blue light source like a blue LED, a green light source like a green LED, and a red light source like a red LED. Such an LED may not contain a luminescent material (“phosphor”) and may be referred to as a direct-color LED. Such a light-emitting diode configured to provide primary radiation may also be referred to as a “direct-emission” type light-emitting diode. Therefore, in embodiments, the second light generating device may include a direct-emission type light-emitting diode. In embodiments, a direct-emission type light-emitting diode (de-LED) may be configured to emit direct-emission type LED light. In embodiments, the second light generating device may be (substantially) a direct-emission type light-emitting diode (de-LED). Therefore, in embodiments, the second device light may be (substantially) second light source light. In such embodiments, the second light generating device may particularly not contain a luminescent material. Therefore, in embodiments, at least 80%, such as at least 90%, particularly at least 95%, including 100% of the second device light, may comprise the second light source, particularly direct-emitting (red) LED light. In embodiments, at least 80%, such as at least 90%, like at least 95%, particularly at least 98%, including 100% of the second device light, may be direct-emitting LED light. Such embodiments may be advantageous because direct-emitting LED light sources have relatively low energy consumption and relatively long lifespans.

[0022] Therefore, in embodiments, the light generating system can be configured to generate one or more of a first light source, a second light source, a first device light, a second device light, and a first luminescent material light. Specifically, in embodiments, the light generating system can be configured to provide system light. As described above, the first light source can be substantially converted into first luminescent material light by the first luminescent material. Therefore, in embodiments, the light generating system can be configured in an operating mode such that the system light may include one or more of a second device light (including the second light source) and first luminescent material light. Additionally, in some embodiments, the light generating system can be configured in an operating mode such that the system light may (still) include some (unconverted) first light source light.

[0023] Furthermore, in embodiments, the light generating system can be configured such that the first spectral power distribution and the second spectral power distribution can at least partially overlap. In other words, one or more emission bands of the first luminescent material light having a first full width at half maximum (FWHM1) can at least partially overlap with the emission band of the second device light having a second full width at half maximum (FWHM2). Specifically, in embodiments, the light generating system can be configured such that the first centroid wavelength (λ) c1 ) and the second centroid wavelength (λ) c2 The difference can be up to 20 nm, and particularly up to 10 nm. Specifically, in embodiments, the light-generating system can be configured such that... ,picture ,in particular Furthermore, in specific embodiments, ,in particular Such embodiments can be advantageous because providing first luminescent material light and second device light with (nearly) the same centroid wavelength can allow efficiency losses in the first luminescent material light to be compensated for by using a second light-generating device, while reducing or even eliminating color point shift in the system light.

[0024] As described above, in the embodiments, the system light may therefore include red second light source light and red first luminescent material light. In the embodiments, the light generating system may also be configured to provide different colors. Therefore, in the embodiments, the light generating system, in particular the luminescent material device, may include a second luminescent material. The second luminescent material may be disposed downstream of the first solid-state light source. In some embodiments, the second luminescent material may be disposed downstream of both the first and second solid-state light sources. Therefore, in the embodiments, the second luminescent material may be configured to have a light-receiving relationship with the first solid-state light source. Specifically, in the embodiments, the second luminescent material may be configured to convert at least a portion of the first light source light into second luminescent material light. In the embodiments, the second luminescent material may be configured to convert at least 5%, for example at least 15%, particularly at least 25%, of the first light source light into second luminescent material light. Furthermore, in the embodiments, the second luminescent material may be configured to convert up to 98%, for example up to 95%, such as up to 90%, particularly up to 80%, of the first light source light into second luminescent material light.

[0025] In this embodiment, the light emitted by the second luminescent material can have a third centroid wavelength (λ) within the visible wavelength range. c3 The (third) spectral power distribution. In an embodiment, the third centroid wavelength (λ) c3The wavelength can be selected from the 480-600nm range, such as the 490-590nm range, and especially the 500-590nm range, such as the 500-570nm range. Therefore, in this embodiment, the third centroid wavelength (λ) can be selected from the green-yellow wavelength range. c3 In one embodiment, the light emitted by the second luminescent material can therefore be green light. In other embodiments, the light emitted by the second luminescent material can therefore be yellow light. Furthermore, in one embodiment, the third centroid wavelength (λ) c3 It can also be selected from 590nm≤λ c3 <λ c2 The range, such as 600nm≤λ c3 <λ c2 The range, such as 590nm≤λ c3 ≤630 and λ c3 <λ c2 The range. Therefore, in such embodiments, the second luminescent material light can thus be orange light. Therefore, in a specific embodiment. The luminescent material device includes a second luminescent material, wherein the second luminescent material (a) is disposed downstream of the first solid-state light source, and (b) is configured to convert at least a portion of the light from the first light source into second luminescent material light, the second luminescent material light having a (third) spectral power distribution in the visible wavelength range, the (third) spectral power distribution having a third centroid wavelength (λ) selected from the wavelength range of 500-590 nm. c3 ).

[0026] Therefore, in embodiments, in the operating mode of the light generation system, the system light may include first device light and second device light. In such embodiments, the first device light may include one or more of unconverted first light source light, first luminescent material light, and second luminescent material light, particularly at least the first luminescent material light. Therefore, in embodiments, in the operating mode of the light generation system, the system light may include one or more of first luminescent material light, second device light (optionally unconverted first light source light), and second luminescent material light. Specifically, in embodiments, at least 70%, such as at least 80%, like at least 90%, particularly at least 95%, and more particularly at least 98% of the first device light may be first luminescent material light. Therefore, in some embodiments, substantially all of the first device light (i.e., 100%) may be first luminescent material light. However, in other embodiments, the first device light may be a combination of first luminescent material light and second luminescent material light. Note that other contributions of light to the first device light are also possible. For example, the light generating system (especially the light-emitting material device) may include a third light-emitting material (configured to convert at least a portion of the first light source light into third light-emitting material light), such that the first device light may also include third light-emitting material light. In a specific embodiment, at least 90% of the first device light may be first light-emitting material light, and at least 90% of the second light source light may be direct-emitting LED light.

[0027] In addition to or as an alternative to a second light-emitting material, the light-generating system may further include a third light-generating device in embodiments. Using such an additional light source system, light of different colors can be provided, including white system light. In particular, the light-generating system may include a third light-generating device in embodiments. In embodiments, the third light-generating device may include a third solid-state light source configured to generate a third light source. In embodiments, the third light-generating device may be configured to generate third device light having a peak emission wavelength selected from the following wavelength ranges: 430-490 nm, such as 440-490 nm, such as 440-470 nm. In embodiments, the third light-generating device may be configured to generate third device light having a peak emission wavelength selected from the wavelength range of 435-470 nm. Therefore, in embodiments, the third device light may be blue light. In embodiments, the second light-generating device, especially the second solid-state light source, may include a light source selected from the group consisting of light-emitting diodes (LEDs), laser diodes, multi-junction light-emitting diodes, or superluminescent diodes (see also below). In particular, in embodiments, the third light-generating device may include a direct-emitting light-emitting diode. In embodiments, a direct-emitting light-emitting diode (de-LED) can be configured to emit direct-emitting LED light. In embodiments, the third light-generating device can substantially be a direct-emitting light-emitting diode (de-LED). Therefore, in embodiments, the third device light can be (essentially) third light source light. In such embodiments, the second light-generating device may, in particular, not contain luminescent material. Therefore, in embodiments, at least 80%, such as at least 90%, particularly at least 95%, including 100%, of the third device light can include third light source light, particularly direct-emitting (blue) LED light. In embodiments, at least 80%, such as at least 90%, like at least 95%, particularly at least 98%, including 100%, of the third device light can be direct-emitting LED light. Therefore, in an embodiment, the light generation system may include a third light generating device configured to provide third device light having a peak emission wavelength selected from the wavelength range of 435-470 nm; wherein the third light generating device includes a third solid-state light source configured to generate third light source light; and wherein the third light generating device is a direct-emitting light-emitting diode (LED), and wherein the third device light is third light source light; and wherein the third device light is blue light. Such embodiments can be advantageous because the addition of a third light generating device allows for tunability of the spectral properties of the system light, such as spectral power distribution or color point. Furthermore, adding a third light generating device enables the generation of white system light with a tunable correlated color temperature using the light generation system. Using a direct-emitting LED can further provide the benefits of relatively low power consumption and relatively long lifetime.

[0028] In addition to or as an alternative to a second luminescent material and / or a third light-generating device, the light-generating system may also include a fourth light-generating device in embodiments. Using such an additional light source system, light of different colors, including white system light, can be provided. In particular, the light-generating system may include a fourth light-generating device in embodiments. In embodiments, the fourth light-generating device may include a fourth solid-state light source. In embodiments, the fourth solid-state light source may include a light source selected from the group consisting of light-emitting diodes (LEDs), laser diodes, multi-junction light-emitting diodes, or superluminescent diodes (also hereinafter). Specifically, in embodiments, the fourth light-generating device may include a fourth light source and a fourth luminescent material, also hereinafter. In such embodiments, the light source may be configured to provide primary radiation, and a portion of the primary radiation may be converted into secondary radiation. The secondary radiation may be based on the conversion of the luminescent material. Therefore, secondary radiation may also be represented as luminescent material radiation. In embodiments, the luminescent material may be included by the light source, such as an LED having a layer of luminescent material or a dome comprising luminescent material. Such an LED may be represented as a phosphor-converted LED or a PC-LED (phosphor-converted LED). In other embodiments, the luminescent material can be positioned at a distance (“far”) from the light source, such as an LED having a layer of luminescent material that does not physically contact the LED die. Therefore, in a specific embodiment, the light source can be a light source that emits light with wavelengths selected from the 380-470 nm range during operation. Specifically, the fourth solid-state light source can be configured to generate fourth light source light having wavelengths in the range of 430-490 nm, such as the range of 440-490 nm, as selected from the range of 440-470 nm. Therefore, in an embodiment, the fourth light source light can have wavelengths in the blue wavelength range. However, other wavelengths are also possible. The light can be partially converted by the luminescent material. In an embodiment, the light generating device can (therefore) include the luminescent material. In an embodiment, the fourth light generating device can include a PC-LED. In an embodiment, the fourth light generating device can be configured to generate fourth device light including light from the fourth luminescent material. Optionally, in an embodiment, the fourth device light can also include (unconverted) fourth light source light. In some embodiments, at least 80%, such as at least 90%, particularly at least 95%, including 100%, of the fourth device light may include light from a fourth luminescent material, i.e., phosphor-converted LED light. In some embodiments, the fourth device light may include a portion of the light from a fourth light source.

[0029] In an embodiment, a fourth solid-state light source can be configured to provide fourth light source light to the light-emitting material device. Therefore, in an embodiment, the light-emitting material device can be configured downstream of the fourth solid-state light source. In an embodiment, the light-emitting material device may include a fourth light-emitting material. Specifically, the fourth light-emitting material can be configured downstream of the fourth solid-state light source. Therefore, the fourth light-emitting material can be configured to have a light-receiving relationship with the fourth solid-state light source. In an embodiment, the fourth light-emitting material can be configured to convert at least a portion of the fourth light source light received by the fourth light-emitting material into fourth light-emitting material light. Specifically, in an embodiment, the fourth light-emitting material can be configured to convert at least 60%, such as at least 70%, like at least 80%, particularly at least 90%, and more particularly at least 95% of the fourth light source light received by the fourth light-emitting material into fourth light-emitting material light. In some embodiments, the fourth light-emitting material can be configured to convert at least 98%, such as at least 99% or even 100% of the fourth light source light received by the fourth light-emitting material into fourth light-emitting material light.

[0030] In embodiments, the (fourth device light, especially) fourth luminescent material light can have a fourth spectral power distribution within the visible wavelength range (i.e., the range of 380-780 nm). The fourth spectral power distribution can particularly have a fourth centroid wavelength (λ). c4 In the embodiment, the fourth centroid wavelength (λ) c4The wavelength range can be selected from 480-590 nm, such as 490-580 nm, particularly 500-580 nm, such as 500-550 nm, particularly 505-545 nm. Specifically, in embodiments, the fourth device light (especially) the fourth luminescent material light can have a wavelength in the green-yellow wavelength range. Therefore, in embodiments, the fourth device light can be greenish-yellow light. Furthermore, in embodiments, at least 70%, such as at least 80%, like at least 90%, particularly at least 95%, and more particularly at least 98%, of the fourth device light can be the fourth luminescent material light. Therefore, in some embodiments, substantially all of the fourth device light (i.e., 100%) can be the fourth luminescent material light. However, in other embodiments, the fourth device light can be a combination of the fourth luminescent material light and unconverted fourth light source light. Note that other contributions of light to the fourth device light are also possible. For example, the light generating system (especially the luminescent material device) may include a third luminescent material (configured to convert at least a portion of the fourth source light into third luminescent material light), such that the fourth device light may also include third luminescent material light. Therefore, in a specific embodiment, the light generating system may include a fourth light generating device configured to provide fourth device light having a wavelength selected from the range of 500-580 nm; wherein the fourth light generating device includes a fourth solid-state light source configured to generate the fourth source light; wherein the fourth light generating device is a phosphorescent-converting light-emitting diode comprising a fourth luminescent material configured to convert at least a portion of the fourth source light into fourth luminescent material light; wherein the fourth device light includes at least a portion of the fourth luminescent material light; and wherein the fourth device light is greenish-yellow light. Such embodiments can be advantageous because adding a fourth light generating device allows for tunability of the spectral properties of the system light, such as spectral power distribution or color point. Furthermore, adding a fourth light generating device enables the generation of white system light with a tunable correlated color temperature using the light generating system. Light-emitting diodes using phosphor conversion can further provide the benefit of relatively high luminous efficiency.

[0031] Therefore, in the embodiments, in the operating mode of the light generation system, the system light may include one or more of the first device light, the second device light, the third device light, and the fourth device light. Therefore, in the embodiments, in the operating mode of the light generation system, the system light may include the first luminescent material light, the second device light, and one or more of the second luminescent material light, the third device light, and the fourth device light (and optionally, the unconverted first light source light and the unconverted fourth light source light).

[0032] As described above, the luminescent material device may therefore include a first luminescent material and optionally one or more of a second (third) and a fourth luminescent material. Embodiments of the first luminescent material have been described above. In embodiments, the second and optionally fourth luminescent materials may include A3B5O. 12 :Ce 3＋ A type of luminescent material, wherein A comprises one or more of Y, La, Gd, Tb, and Lu, and wherein B comprises one or more of Al, Ga, In, and Sc. Adding such a luminescent material to a luminescent material device can provide a wider spectral power distribution of the luminescent material light and ultimately provide a light generation system. Therefore, such embodiments can provide further tuning of the spectral properties of the system light, such as spectral power distribution, color point, and correlated color temperature.

[0033] In one embodiment, the second luminescent material may include a luminescent material different from the fourth luminescent material. In other embodiments, the second and fourth luminescent materials may be substantially the same luminescent material.

[0034] The term "luminescent material" specifically refers to a material capable of converting one or more of a first radiation, particularly UV radiation and blue radiation, into a second radiation. Typically, the first and second radiations have different spectral power distributions. Therefore, the terms "luminescent converter" or "converter" can also be used instead of "luminescent material." Typically, the second radiation has a spectral power distribution at a wavelength greater than the first radiation, which is the case in so-called downconversion. However, in specific embodiments, the second radiation has a spectral power distribution with intensity at a wavelength less than the first radiation, which is the case in so-called upconversion. In embodiments, "luminescent material" can specifically refer to a material capable of converting radiation into, for example, visible light and / or infrared light. For example, in embodiments, the luminescent material is capable of converting one or more of UV radiation and blue radiation into visible light. In specific embodiments, the luminescent material can also convert radiation into infrared radiation (IR). Therefore, when excited by radiation, the luminescent material can emit radiation. Typically, the luminescent material will be a downconverter, i.e., radiation with a smaller wavelength is converted into radiation with a larger wavelength (λ). ex <λ em Although in specific embodiments, the luminescent material may include an up-converter luminescent material, i.e., radiation with a larger wavelength is converted into radiation with a smaller wavelength (λ). ex >λ emIn embodiments, the term "luminescence" may refer to phosphorescence. In embodiments, the term "luminescence" may also refer to fluorescence. Instead of the term "luminescence," the terms "luminescent material light" or "emission" may also be used. Thus, the terms "first radiation" and "second radiation" may refer to excitation radiation and emission (radiation), respectively. Similarly, the term "luminescent material" in embodiments may refer to phosphorescence and / or fluorescence. The term "luminescent material" may also refer to a variety of different luminescent materials. Thus, the terms "first luminescent material" or "second luminescent material" may each independently refer to a variety of different luminescent materials (each conforming to the conditions indicated herein for the respective "first luminescent material" or "second luminescent material"). Therefore, the term "luminescent material" in specific embodiments may also refer to a luminescent material composition. The term "phosphorescent" may also be used instead of the term "luminescent material." These terms are known to those skilled in the art.

[0035] In the embodiments, the luminescent material may be selected from garnet and nitride, particularly garnet and nitride doped with trivalent cerium or divalent europium, respectively. The term "nitride" may also refer to nitrogen oxides or nitrogen silicates, etc. Alternatively or additionally, (multiple) luminescent materials may be selected from silicates, particularly silicates doped with divalent europium.

[0036] Therefore, in the embodiments, the luminescent material may include the type of The second (and optionally fourth) luminescent material, wherein A in embodiments comprises one or more of Y, La, Gd, Tb, and Lu, particularly (at least) one or more of Y, Gd, Tb, and Lu, and wherein B in embodiments comprises one or more of Al, Ga, In, and Sc. Specifically, A may comprise one or more of Y, Gd, and Lu, for example, particularly one or more of Y and Lu. Specifically, B may comprise one or more of Al and Ga, more particularly at least Al, such as being substantially entirely Al. Therefore, a particularly suitable luminescent material is cerium-containing garnet material. Examples of garnet particularly include A3B5O. 12A garnet, wherein A comprises at least yttrium or lutetium, and wherein B comprises at least aluminum. Such garnet may be doped with cerium (Ce), praseodymium (Pr), or a combination of cerium and praseodymium; however, it is especially doped with Ce. In particular, B may comprise aluminum (Al); however, in addition to aluminum, B may also partially comprise gallium (Ga) and / or scandium (Sc) and / or indium (In), especially up to about 20% of B, more especially up to about 10% of B (i.e., the B ions are substantially composed of 90 mol% or more of Al and 10 mol% or less of one or more of Ga, Sc, and In); B may especially comprise up to about 10% of gallium. In another variant, B and O may be at least partially replaced by Si and N. Element A may especially be selected from the group consisting of yttrium (Y), gadolinium (Gd), terbium (Tb), and lutetium (Lu). In addition, Gd and / or Tb are especially present only in an amount of up to about 20% of A. In a specific embodiment, the garnet luminescent material comprises where x is equal to or greater than 0 and equal to or less than 1. The term ":Ce" means that a part of the metal ions in the luminescent material (i.e., a part of the "A" ions in the garnet) is replaced by Ce. For example, in (Y 1-x Lu x )3Al5O 12 :Ce, a part of Y and / or Lu is replaced by Ce. This is known to those skilled in the art. Ce will generally replace no more than 10% of A; generally, the concentration of Ce (relative to A) is 0.1 - 4%, especially 0.1 - 2%. Assuming 1% of Ce and 10% of Y, the exact chemical formula may be . Ce in the garnet is substantially or only in the trivalent state, as known to those skilled in the art.

[0037] In an embodiment, the second (and optional fourth) luminescent material (therefore) comprises A3B5O 12 , wherein in a specific embodiment, up to 10% of B - O may be replaced by Si - N.

[0038] In a specific embodiment, the second (optional fourth) luminescent material comprises , where x1 + x2 + x3 = 1, where x3 > 0, where 0 < x2 + x3 ≤ 0.2, where y1 + y2 = 1, where especially 0 ≤ y2 ≤ 0.2, where A' comprises one or more elements selected from the group consisting of lanthanide elements, and where B' comprises one or more elements selected from the group consisting of Ga, In, and Sc. In an embodiment, x3 is selected from the range of 0.001 - 0.1. In the present invention, especially x1 > 0, such as > 0.2, such as at least 0.8. Garnets with Y may provide a suitable spectral power distribution.

[0039] In a specific embodiment, up to 10% of B-O can be replaced by Si-N. Here, B in B-O refers to one or more of Al, Ga, In, and Sc (and O refers to oxygen); in a specific embodiment, B-O can refer to A1-O. As described above, in a specific embodiment, x3 can be selected from the range of 0.001-0.04. In particular, such a luminescent material can have a suitable spectral distribution (see below), have a relatively high efficiency, have a relatively high thermal stability, and allow a high CRI (optionally in combination with the light of other light sources as described herein). Therefore, in a specific embodiment, A can be selected from the group consisting of Lu and Gd. Alternatively or additionally, B can include Ga. Thus, in an embodiment, the luminescent material includes , where Lu and / or Gd are available. Even more particularly, x3 is selected from the range of 0.001-0.1, where 0 < x2 + x3 ≤ 0.1, and where . In addition, in a specific embodiment, up to 1% of B-O can be replaced by Si-N. Here, the percentage refers to the number of moles (as known in the art); also see, for example, EP3149108. In yet another specific embodiment, the luminescent material includes , where x1 + x3 = 1, and where 0 < x3 ≤ 0.2, such as 0.001-0.1.

[0040] In addition, in an embodiment, the second (optionally fourth) luminescent material can include a luminescent material such as , where x1'+x2'+x3'+x4' = 1, where x4' can be selected from the range of 0.001-0.1. In addition, in an embodiment, the second luminescent material can include at least two types of luminescent materials of , such as at least and . In such embodiments, the second luminescent material can include a primary second luminescent material, such as , where , where , where A' includes one or more of La, Gd, and Tb, and where B includes one or more of Al, Ga, In, and Sc. In addition, in such embodiments, the second luminescent material can include a secondary second luminescent material, such as , where , where Where 0.001 ≤ x4” ≤ 0.1, where A' includes one or more of La, Gd, and Tb, and where B includes one or more of Al, Ga, In, and Sc. In an embodiment, the secondary second luminescent material may therefore include more Lu than the primary second luminescent material on a molar basis. Furthermore, in an embodiment, the primary second luminescent material may include more Y than the secondary second luminescent material on a molar basis, x1' > x1''. In an embodiment, x2' may be equal to zero. Furthermore, in an embodiment, one or more of x2', x3', and x3'' may be equal to zero. In an embodiment, x4' may be equal to x4''. However, in an embodiment, x4' may be different from x4'', where x4' and x4" (both) may each be selected from the range of 0.001-0.1. Therefore, in an embodiment, the second luminescent material may include, for example, Primary second luminescent materials (where x1' + x2' + x4' = 1) and such as A secondary luminescent material (where x1'' + x2'' + x4'' = 1), wherein x2'' > x2', and wherein in a specific embodiment x2' = 0.

[0041] Furthermore, in the embodiments, the second luminescent material may include, for example, The luminescent material, wherein x1, x2, x3, y1, and y2 are as defined above. Specifically, in the embodiments, x1 + x2 + x3 = 1, where x1 ≥ 0.5. Furthermore, in the embodiments, the second luminescent material may include at least two types of... luminescent materials, such as at least and In such embodiments, the second luminescent material may include (i) a primary second luminescent material, such as A' includes one or more of La, Gd, Tb and Lu, and (ii) secondary luminescent materials, such as Where A' includes one or more of Y, La, Gd, and Tb. In such embodiments, for the primary second luminescent material and the secondary second luminescent material, x1 + x2 + x3 = 1, x1 ≥ 0.5, and B' including one or more of Ga, In, and Sc, can be applied respectively. In embodiments, the primary second luminescent material may therefore include more Y than Lu in molar terms. Conversely, the secondary second luminescent material may contain more Lu than Y in molar terms. Note that in embodiments, x2 = 0, and the primary second luminescent material may (substantially) consist of (Yx1Cex3)3(Aly1B'y2)5O12, where x1 + x3 = 1. Similarly, the secondary second luminescent material may (substantially) consist of The composition, where x1 + x3 = 1, allows the second luminescent material to provide a wider spectral power distribution of the light emitted by the second luminescent material. For example, a primary second luminescent material can be configured to provide primary second luminescent material light, and a secondary second luminescent material can be configured to provide secondary second luminescent material light, wherein the centroid wavelength of the primary second luminescent material light can be greater than the centroid wavelength of the secondary second luminescent material light.

[0042] In embodiments, the second luminescent material may comprise at least 10 wt.%, such as at least 25 wt.%, particularly at least 40 wt.%, of a primary second luminescent material. Conversely, the second luminescent material may comprise at least 10 wt.%, such as at least 25 wt.%, particularly at least 40 wt.%, of a secondary luminescent material. Furthermore, in embodiments, the second luminescent material may comprise up to 90 wt.%, such as up to 75 wt.%, particularly up to 60 wt.%, of a primary second luminescent material. Additionally or alternatively, in embodiments, the second luminescent material may comprise up to 90 wt.%, such as up to 75 wt.%, particularly up to 60 wt.%, of a secondary second luminescent material.

[0043] From the above, we can conclude that the term "different luminescent materials" can refer to different luminescent materials, or to two components, each of which together includes at least one luminescent material, but the components differ. For example, a primary second luminescent material includes luminescent materials A and B, while a secondary second luminescent material includes only A, only B, or both A and B, but in different weight ratios. Such primary and secondary second luminescent materials can have different spectral power distributions of their respective luminescent light.

[0044] Alternatively or additionally, the second luminescent material may include type 1 The luminescent material, wherein A includes one or more of Y, La, Gd, Tb and Lu, such as one or more of La and Y in the embodiments.

[0045] Alternatively or additionally, other luminescent materials may also be applied. For example, quantum dots and / or organic dyes may be applied and optionally embedded in a transmissive matrix, such as polymers like PMMA or polysiloxanes.

[0046] Quantum dots are tiny crystals of semiconductor materials, typically only a few nanometers wide or in diameter. When excited by incident light, quantum dots emit light of a color determined by the size and material of the crystal. Therefore, a specific color of light can be produced by adjusting the size of the dot. Most known quantum dots that emit light in the visible light range are based on cadmium selenide (CdSe) with a shell such as cadmium sulfide (CdS) and zinc sulfide (ZnS). Cadmium-free quantum dots, such as indium phosphide (InP), copper indium sulfide (CuInS2), and / or silver indium sulfide (AgInS2), can also be used. Quantum dots exhibit very narrow emission bands, thus displaying saturated colors. Furthermore, the emission color can be easily tuned by adjusting the size of the quantum dot. Any type of quantum dot known in the art can be used in this invention. However, for environmental safety and concerns, cadmium-free quantum dots or at least quantum dots with very low cadmium content are preferred.

[0047] Other quantum confinement structures can be used instead of quantum dots, or in addition to quantum dots. In the context of this application, the term "quantum confinement structure" should be understood to mean, for example, quantum wells, quantum dots, quantum rods, tripods, quadrupoles, or nanowires.

[0048] Organic phosphors may also be used. Examples of suitable organic phosphor materials are perylene derivative-based organic light-emitting materials, such as compounds marketed by BASF under the name Lumogen®. Examples of suitable compounds include, but are not limited to, Lumogen® Red F305, Lumogen® Orange F240, Lumogen® Yellow F083, and Lumogen® F170.

[0049] Different luminescent materials can have different spectral power distributions of light from each luminescent material. Alternatively or additionally, these different luminescent materials can have different color points (or dominant wavelengths).

[0050] As mentioned above, other luminescent materials are also possible. Therefore, in a specific embodiment, the luminescent material is selected from the group consisting of europium-containing nitrides, europium-containing oxynitrides, europium-containing silicates, cerium-containing garnets, and quantum structures. Quantum structures may, for example, include quantum dots or quantum rods (or other quantum-type particles) (see above). Quantum structures may also include quantum wells. Quantum structures may also include photonic structures.

[0051] In embodiments, the light generating system can be configured such that, in an operating mode of the light generating system, the system light includes at least one or more of a first device light, a second device light, and optionally a third and a fourth device light. In specific embodiments, as described above, the system light may include a first luminescent material light and a second device light (i.e., the system light may be red light). In other embodiments, the system light may include (red) first luminescent material light, (yellow-green) second luminescent material light, and (red) second device light. In other embodiments, the system light may include (unconverted blue) first light source light, (red) first luminescent material light, (greenish-yellow) second luminescent material light, and (red) second device light. In other embodiments, the system light may include (red) first luminescent material light, (red) second light source light, (blue) third device light, and (green) fourth device light. Other possible combinations of the light contribution of the above-described elements of the light generating system to the system light are known to those skilled in the art. Therefore, in some embodiments, the system light may be white light. Using such embodiments, a light-generating system can be provided that can produce a white (or slightly whiter) spectrum with an improved red saturation index (RSI) and / or improved lumen efficiency.

[0052] Therefore, in embodiments, in the operating mode of the light generating system, the system light can be white light. The term "white light" and similar terms used herein are known to those skilled in the art. Generally, if an indication light source produces white light, it can particularly relate to light having a correlated color temperature (CCT) between about 1500K and 20000K, such as between 2000K and 20000K, especially between 2700K and 20000K, for general illumination, particularly in the range of about 2000-7000K, such as between 2700K and 20000K. More specifically, in embodiments, in the operating mode, the system light can be white light having a correlated color temperature selected from the range of 1500-10000K, such as a correlated color temperature selected from the range of 1500-8000K, such as a correlated color temperature selected from the range of 1700-6500K. Additionally or alternatively, in such embodiments, the system light can be white light having a color rendering index of at least 70, particularly at least 80, such as at least 90. Such embodiments can be beneficial for applications that require high-brightness light sources, such as spotlights, stage lighting, headlamps, home and office lighting, and automotive lighting.

[0053] The light generating system may also include a control system. In embodiments, the control system may be configured to individually control (first, second, and optionally third and / or fourth) light generating devices. Specifically, the control system may be configured to control a first light generating device and a second light generating device. In particular, in embodiments, the control system may be configured to control the first and second light generating devices while maintaining a fixed color point of the system light. Hereinafter, the term "fixed" may refer to a predetermined (or preset) value that does not change during use. Therefore, the phrase "fixed color point" may refer to a color point that does not change over time during the use of the light generating system. For example, in embodiments, the color point may be predetermined, i.e., factory-set. Additionally or alternatively, in embodiments, the control system may be configured to control the first and second light generating devices while maintaining a fixed correlated color temperature (CCT) of the system light. Similar to a fixed color point, the phrase "fixed correlated color temperature" may refer to a CCT that does not change over time during the use of the light generating system. For example, in embodiments, the CCT may be predetermined, i.e., factory-set. Therefore, in an embodiment, the light generating system may include a control system, wherein the control system may be configured to individually control the light generating devices; wherein the control system may be configured to control the first light generating device and the second light generating device while maintaining one or more of the following: (i) a fixed color point of the system light, and (ii) a fixed correlated color temperature of the system light.

[0054] Furthermore, in embodiments, the light generating system may include an optical sensor. In embodiments, the optical sensor may be configured to sense one or more of the first device light and the system light. Specifically, the optical sensor may be configured to (i) sense one or more of the first device light and the system light, and (ii) generate a related optical sensor signal. This related optical sensor signal may be beneficial because it can provide feedback on the contribution of the first device light, particularly the light from the first luminescent material, to the system light. Such feedback can indicate the decay level of the first luminescent material over time (or degradation due to hydrolysis and / or light-based damage). The control system can then be configured to respond to the feedback by individually controlling the first and second light generating devices, such that the second device light can compensate for losses in the first device light. In embodiments, due to the first centroid wavelength (λ... c1 ) and the second centroid wavelength (λ) c2 The first and second light generating devices can be similar or even equal, and such control of the first and second light generating devices (as previously described) can help maintain one or more of the fixed color point and fixed correlated color temperature of the system light.

[0055] In an embodiment, the control system can be configured to individually control (first, second, and optionally third and / or fourth) light-generating devices according to a predefined radiant flux-time relationship. The predefined relationship between radiant flux and (operating) time (especially for the first device light) may include a predefined reference value (“lookup table”) for radiant flux versus operating time, for example, based on data or reference measurements or predictions based on (the behavior of the first luminescent material). The control system can then be configured to control at least a second light-generating device such that the radiant flux of the second device can be altered (particularly based on the (operation) time of the first light-generating device (and a predefined relationship between that operation time and the radiant flux of the first light-generating device). Generally, the longer the operation time of the first light-generating device, the higher the radiant flux of the second light-generating device should become. In other words, the control system can be configured to increase the radiant flux of the second light-generating device over time based on a predefined relationship. In an alternative embodiment, the control system can be configured to individually control (first, second, and optionally third and / or fourth) light-generating devices based on optical sensor signals and a predefined relationship representing an intensity-time relationship. Thus, in such embodiments, the control system can be configured to increase the (luminous intensity) of the second light-generating device based on a predefined relationship. Therefore, in embodiments, the control system can be configured to individually control one or more light-generating devices based on a predefined radiant flux-time relationship of the first light-generating device. More specifically, the control system can be configured to (at least) control the second light-generating device based on a predefined radiant flux-time relationship of the first light-generating device.

[0056] Therefore, in an embodiment, the optical sensor can be configured to: (i) at least sense or detect the contribution of a first device light in the system light, and (ii) provide an optical sensor signal to the control system based on its detection. Thus, in an embodiment, the sensor can be configured to be functionally (e.g., communicatively) coupled to the control system. In response, the control system can be configured to control the radiative flux and / or luminous intensity of the light-generating device according to the optical sensor signal and a predefined relationship. Therefore, in a specific embodiment, the light-generating system may include an optical sensor configured to sense (i) one or more of the first device light and the system light, and generate a corresponding optical sensor signal, wherein the control system can be configured to individually control the light-generating device according to the optical sensor signal and a predefined relationship representing the radiative flux-time relationship.

[0057] Additionally or alternatively, in embodiments, the control system may be configured to individually control one or more of the first light generating device, the second light generating device, and optionally the third and / or fourth light generating device. In particular, in embodiments, the control system may be configured to individually control the light generating devices to control one or more of the spectral power, color point, and correlated color temperature of the system light.

[0058] The term "control" and similar terms specifically refer to at least determining the behavior of an element or monitoring the operation of an element. Therefore, "control" and similar terms as used herein can, for example, refer to applying behavior to an element (determining behavior or monitoring the operation of the element), such as, for example, measuring, displaying, actuating, opening, shifting, changing temperature, etc. In addition, the term "control" and similar terms can also include monitoring. Therefore, the term "control" and similar terms can include applying behavior to an element and applying behavior to an element and monitoring the element. Control of an element can be accomplished using a control system, which can also be referred to as a "controller." The control system and the element can therefore be functionally coupled, at least temporarily or permanently. The element may include a control system. In embodiments, the control system and the element may not be physically coupled. Control can be accomplished via wired and / or wireless control. The term "control system" can also refer to multiple different control systems, which are particularly functionally coupled, and where, for example, one control system may be a master control system, while one or more other control systems may be slave control systems. The control system may include or may be functionally coupled to a user interface.

[0059] The control system can also be configured to receive and execute commands from a remote control. In an embodiment, the control system can be controlled via an app on a device, such as a portable device like a smartphone or iPhone, tablet, etc. Therefore, the device does not necessarily need to be coupled to the lighting system, but can be (temporarily) functionally coupled to it.

[0060] Therefore, in embodiments, the control system can (also) be configured to be controlled by an app on a remote device. In such embodiments, the control system of the lighting system can be a slave control system or controlled in a slave mode. For example, the lighting system can be identified by a code, specifically a unique code for each individual lighting system. The control system of the lighting system can be configured to be controlled by an external control system that accesses the lighting system based on knowledge of the (unique) code entered through a user interface with optical sensors (e.g., a QR code reader). The lighting system may also include means for communicating with other systems or devices, such as those based on Bluetooth, Thread, WiFi, LiFi, ZigBee, BLE, or WiMAX, or other wireless technologies.

[0061] A system, apparatus, or device may perform actions in a “mode,” “operating mode,” “mode of operation,” or “operational mode.” The term “operational mode” may also refer to “control mode.” Similarly, in a method, actions, stages, or steps may be performed in a “mode,” “operating mode,” “mode of operation,” or “operational mode.” This does not preclude the system, apparatus, or device from being adapted to provide another control mode or multiple other control modes. Likewise, this does not preclude the possibility of performing one or more other modes before and / or after performing a particular mode.

[0062] However, in embodiments, the control system may be available and is adapted to provide at least a control mode. If other modes are available, the selection of such modes can be performed, in particular, via a user interface, although other options, such as performing modes based on sensor signals or (time) schemes, are also possible. In embodiments, an operating mode may also refer to a system, apparatus, or device that can only operate in a single operating mode (i.e., “on”, without further tunability).

[0063] Therefore, in embodiments, the control system can control the spectral power distribution (especially, for example, color point) of system light based on one or more of the input signals from the user interface, sensor signals (from the sensors), and timers. The term "timer" can refer to a clock and / or a predetermined timing scheme.

[0064] In a specific embodiment, the first light generating device may include a phosphor-converted light-emitting diode (PC-LED) comprising a first light-emitting material. Additionally or alternatively, in an embodiment, the first light generating device may include a phosphor-converted light-emitting diode (PC-LED) comprising a first light-emitting material and a second light-emitting material. In an embodiment, the light generating system may further include a support configured to support one or more of the first light generating device, the second light generating device, and (optionally) a third light generating device and a fourth light generating device.

[0065] In embodiments, a first (solid-state) light source may be included in a first light-generating device. Specifically, in embodiments, the first light-generating device may include a first light source and a first luminescent material. In such embodiments, the first light-generating device may particularly be a phosphor-converted light-emitting diode (PC-LED). In embodiments, the first light-generating device may be configured to generate first device light comprising light from the first luminescent material. Optionally, in embodiments, the first device light may also comprise (unconverted) light from the first light source. In embodiments, at least 80%, such as at least 90%, particularly at least 95%, including 100%, of the first device light may comprise light from the first luminescent material, i.e., phosphor-converted (red) LED light.

[0066] In embodiments, the luminescent material device, particularly at least the first luminescent material, can thus be positioned downstream of the first light source. Therefore, the luminescent material device can include a luminescent element. The luminescent element can have any shape. However, typically, the luminescent element can include a luminescent body comprising two substantially parallel surfaces (i.e., a first side surface and a second side surface) defining the height of the luminescent body. Furthermore, the luminescent body can include a third side surface (or “edge surface”) bridging the first and second side surfaces. The edge surface can be curved in one or two dimensions. The edge surface can be planar. The luminescent body can have a rectangular or circular cross-section, although other cross-sections are also possible, such as, for example, hexagonal, octagonal, etc. Therefore, the luminescent body can have a circular cross-section, an elliptical cross-section, a square, or a non-square rectangle. In embodiments, the luminescent body can have an n-polygonal cross-section, where n is at least 3, such as 4 (square or rectangular cross-section), 5 (pentagonal cross-section), 6 (hexagonal cross-section), 8 (octagonal cross-section), or greater. The first and second side surfaces can also be referred to as “main surfaces”, as they particularly provide the largest external area of ​​the luminescent body. Perpendicular to the aforementioned cross-sections can be another cross-section, which in embodiments can be rectangular. Therefore, the light emitter can, for example, have a cubic shape, a (non-cubic) cuboid shape, an n-prism shape with n at least 5 (such as a pentagonal prism, a hexagonal prism), and a cylindrical shape. However, other shapes are also possible. In particular, the light emitter can have a cuboid shape, a cylindrical shape, or an n-prism shape, where n is 6 or 8. In embodiments, the light emitter has a lateral dimension of width or length (W or L) or diameter (D) and thickness or height (H). In embodiments, (i) D ≥ H or (ii) W ≥ H and / or L ≥ H. Furthermore, the light emitter can be transparent or light-scattering. In embodiments, the light emitter can include a ceramic luminescent material. In a specific embodiment, L B ≤10mm, such as especially L B ≤5mm, especially L B ≤3mm, especially L B ≤2mm. In a specific embodiment, W B ≤10mm, such as especially W B ≤5mm, especially W B ≤3mm, especially W B ≤2mm. In a specific embodiment, D B ≤10mm, such as especially D B ≤5mm, especially D B ≤3mm, especially D B ≤2mm. Furthermore, the lateral dimensions (width / diameter) of the light emitter can be in the range of 100μm-10mm. In other specific embodiments, (i)D B >H BOr (ii)W B >H B And L B >H B Specifically, the lateral dimensions, such as length, width, and diameter, are at least twice the height, and, for example, at least five times the height. In a specific embodiment, the light-emitting element has a first length L. B First height H B and the first width W B H B ≤0.5 L B and H B ≤0.5 W B In this embodiment, the light source may be a (small) tile.

[0067] In alternative embodiments, the light-emitting element may include a light-emitting layer. The light-emitting layer may be a self-supporting layer. Furthermore, in embodiments, the light-emitting layer may be a coating. The light-emitting element may also include a light-emitting coating on a support (particularly a light-transmitting support in a transmission mode, or a reflective support in a reflection mode). The light-emitting element may also be a (elongated) seal. In particular, the encapsulation may be configured to cover the light-generating device and optional supports or carriers. In particular, the light-emitting element may be substantially self-supporting. In embodiments, the light-emitting element may include a light-transmitting body in which a light-emitting material is embedded. For example, the light-emitting element may include a glass body in which a light-emitting material is embedded. Alternatively, such glass may be luminescent. In other embodiments, the light-emitting element may include a polymer in which a light-emitting material is embedded. In embodiments, the light-emitting material device may also include multiple light-emitting elements, such as 1-4 light-emitting elements, particularly 1-3 light-emitting elements. For example, in embodiments, the light-emitting material device may include a light-emitting element and another light-emitting element comprising a first light-emitting material disposed downstream of a first solid-state light source, the other light-emitting element comprising a fourth light-emitting material disposed downstream of a fourth solid-state light source. However, in other embodiments, the first and fourth light-emitting materials may be comprised of substantially the same light-emitting elements, such as, for example, an encapsulation disposed on (at least) the first and fourth solid-state light sources. Therefore, in embodiments, the light-emitting material device may include one or more light-emitting elements, such as, for example, a layer, a body, or an encapsulation.

[0068] In embodiments, the light generating system may therefore include light generating devices and light-emitting material devices. Furthermore, in embodiments, the light generating system may include a support configured to support one or more of the light generating devices and an optional light-emitting material device. In embodiments, the support may be rigid. In other embodiments, the support may be flexible, such as, for example, a flexible printed circuit board (PCB). In a specific embodiment, the light generating system may include an LED strip including a support. Such embodiments can be advantageous because they allow the light generating system to be integrated relatively inexpensively and easily into desired applications, such as luminaires. Using CoB, filaments, or strips on a single LED can improve production efficiency.

[0069] Returning to (solid-state) light-generating devices, in embodiments, the light-generating device may therefore include a light-emitting material. In embodiments, the light-generating device may include a PC LED. In other embodiments, the light-generating device may include a direct LED (i.e., a phosphorless LED). In embodiments, the light-generating device may include a laser device, such as a laser diode. In embodiments, the light-generating device may include a superluminescent diode. Therefore, in specific embodiments, the light source may be selected from the group consisting of laser diodes and superluminescent diodes. In other embodiments, the light source may include an LED.

[0070] In specific embodiments, the light source includes a solid-state LED light source (such as an LED or a laser diode (or "diode laser")). The term "light source" can also refer to multiple light sources, such as 2-2000 (solid-state) LED light sources. Therefore, the term LED can also refer to multiple LEDs. Thus, the term "light source" can also refer to multiple (substantially identical (or different)) light sources, such as 2-2000 solid-state light sources. In embodiments, the light source can include one or more micro-optical elements (microlens arrays) downstream of a single solid-state light source (such as an LED) or downstream of multiple solid-state light sources (i.e., shared by multiple LEDs). In embodiments, the light source can include an LED with on-chip optics. In embodiments, the light source includes pixelated individual LEDs (with or without optics) (providing on-chip beam direction control in embodiments).

[0071] The light source can be configured to produce light with an optical axis (O) (beam shape) and a spectral power distribution. In embodiments, the light source may include one or more bands, for example, having the bandwidth known to lasers.

[0072] The term "light source" can (therefore) refer to a light-generating element, such as, for example, a solid-state light source, or to a package of a light-generating element, such as a solid-state light source, as well as one or more elements comprising luminescent materials and (other) optical devices, such as lenses and collimators. For example, a solid-state light source like a blue LED is a light source. A combination of a solid-state light source (as a light-generating element) and a light-converting element (optically coupled to the solid-state light source) (such as a blue LED and an element comprising luminescent materials) can also be a light source (but can also be referred to as a light-generating device). Thus, a white LED is a light source (but can also be referred to, for example, as a (white) light-generating device).

[0073] In embodiments, the term "light source" may also refer to a combination of a light source (such as an LED) and a filter, which can alter the spectral power distribution of the light generated by the light source. Specifically, the term "light generating device" may be used to describe a light source and other (optical components), such as filters and / or beam shaping elements.

[0074] The phrases “different light sources” or “multiple different light sources” and similar phrases in the embodiments may refer to multiple solid-state light sources selected from at least two different chambers. Similarly, the phrases “identical light sources” or “multiple identical light sources” and similar phrases in the embodiments may refer to multiple solid-state light sources selected from the same chamber.

[0075] The terms "solid-state light source" or "solid-state material light source" and similar terms may specifically refer to semiconductor light sources, such as light-emitting diodes (LEDs), laser diodes, multi-junction light-emitting diodes, or superluminescent diodes. The term "semiconductor-based light source" may also be used as an alternative to "solid-state light source." Therefore, the term "semiconductor-based light source" may, for example, refer to one or more of light-emitting diodes (LEDs), laser diodes, multi-junction light-emitting diodes, and superluminescent diodes. The term "light source" may also refer to semiconductor light-emitting devices, such as light-emitting diodes (LEDs), laser diodes, resonant cavity light-emitting diodes (RCLEDs), vertical-cavity laser diodes (VCSELs), edge-emitting lasers (EELs), photonic crystal surface-emitting lasers (PCSELs), vertical-external-cavity surface-emitting lasers (VECSELs), etc. The term "light source" may also refer to organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), such as passive matrix OLEDs (PMOLEDs) or active matrix OLEDs (AMOLEDs). In specific embodiments, the light source includes solid-state light sources (such as LEDs or laser diodes). In one embodiment, the light source includes an LED (light-emitting diode). The term "light source" or "solid-state light source" may also refer to superluminescent diodes (SLEDs).

[0076] Light-emitting diodes (LEDs) are semiconductor light sources that emit light, especially when an electric current flows through them. Electrons in a semiconductor can recombine with electron-hole pairs, releasing energy in the form of photons. The color of light (corresponding to the energy of the photons) can be determined by the energy required for an electron to cross the band gap of the semiconductor.

[0077] A laser diode (or diode laser) can be a semiconductor device substantially similar to a light-emitting diode, wherein a diode directly pumped by a current can generate laser emission conditions at the junction of the diode. This is known to those skilled in the art.

[0078] The term "laser" specifically refers to a device that emits light through a light amplification process based on stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation. In particular, in embodiments, the term "laser" may refer to a solid-state laser. In specific embodiments, the term "laser" or "laser source" or similar terms refer to a laser diode (or diode laser).

[0079] Lasers can be combined with up-converters to achieve shorter wavelengths. For example, upconversion can be achieved using some (trivalent) rare-earth ions, or using nonlinear crystals. Alternatively, lasers can be combined with down-converters, such as dye lasers, to achieve longer wavelengths.

[0080] The term "solid-state material laser" and similar terms can refer to solid-state lasers, such as solid-state lasers based on crystals or glasses doped with ions (e.g., transition metal ions and / or lanthanide ions), fiber lasers, photonic crystal lasers, semiconductor lasers (such as, for example, vertical cavity surface-emitting lasers (VCSELs)), etc.

[0081] Superluminescent diodes (SLEDs) are known in the art. A SLED can be represented as a semiconductor device capable of emitting a broad spectrum of low-coherence light like an LED, while possessing brightness on the order of a laser diode. In particular, a SLED can be a semiconductor light source in which spontaneously emitted light is amplified by stimulated emission in the active region of the device. This emission is referred to as "superluminescence." Therefore, in embodiments, a solid-state light source may include a SLED. For example, in further specific embodiments, a solid-state light source may include a GaN-based SLED, or an InGaN-based SLED, or an AlGaN-based SLED.

[0082] The term "light source" can also refer to a chip-scale package (CSP). A CSP may include a single solid-state die having a layer comprising a light-emitting material disposed thereon. The term "light source" can also refer to a medium-power package. A medium-power package may include one or more solid-state dies. The dies (multiple) may be covered by a layer comprising a light-emitting material. The die size may be equal to or less than 2 mm, such as in the range of, for example, 0.2-2 mm. Therefore, in embodiments, the light source includes a solid-state light source. Furthermore, in specific embodiments, the light source includes a chip-scale packaged LED. Here, the term "light source" may also specifically refer to a small solid-state light source, such as one having a miniature or micro-sized dimensions. For example, a light source may include one or more mini LEDs and micro LEDs. In particular, in embodiments, the light source includes micro LEDs or "microLEDs" or "μLEDs". In this document, the terms miniature or mini LED particularly refer to a solid-state light source having dimensions (such as die size, especially length and width) selected from the range of 100 μm to 1 mm. In this document, the term μ-size or micro-LED specifically refers to a solid-state light source having dimensions (such as die size, especially length and width) selected from a range of 100 μm and smaller.

[0083] A light source can have a light-escape surface. Referring to conventional light sources, such as light bulbs or fluorescent lamps, this can be the outer surface of a glass or quartz housing. For LEDs, it can be, for example, the LED die, or, when resin can be applied to the LED die, the outer surface of the resin. In principle, it can also be the termination of an optical fiber. The term "escape surface" specifically refers to a portion of a light source where light actually leaves or escapes from the light source. The light source is configured to provide a light beam. This light beam (and therefore) escapes from the light-escape surface of the light source.

[0084] Similarly, a light-generating device may include a light-escape surface, such as an end window. Likewise, a light-generating system may include a light-escape surface, such as an end window.

[0085] The location where the system light escapes from the light-generating system can also be referred to as the light exit. This can be a light-transmitting window or opening (in the system). In an embodiment, the light-transmitting window can be provided by optical components.

[0086] As described above, in the embodiments, the light generation system can operate in different operating modes by controlling different light generating devices within the system. Alternatively, in the embodiments, the light generation system (especially the different light generating devices) can be uncontrollable; that is, the light generation system can be configured to operate in only one operating mode (i.e., in such embodiments, the spectral power distribution of the system light generated in the first operating mode is uncontrollable). In the embodiments, the different light generating devices can be configured to be spatially separated (but electrically coupled). However, in the embodiments, one or more of the light generating devices (first, second, third, and optionally fourth) can also be configured together as, for example, on-board chips or LED filaments. Therefore, in the embodiments, the light generation system may include on-board chip devices or LED filaments. In particular, in such embodiments, a light-emitting material device (including a first light-emitting material) can be disposed downstream of the first and second light generating devices. Additionally, in the embodiments, the light-emitting material device may include a second light-emitting material. Therefore, in embodiments, the light-generating system may include on-board chips or LED filaments, wherein a light-emitting material device is disposed downstream of a first light-generating device and a second light-generating device; wherein the light-emitting material device may optionally also include a second light-emitting material. Such embodiments can be advantageous because the CoB system can provide relatively high intensity system light from a relatively small surface area. Furthermore, such a CoB system can reduce the appearance of areas with high and low intensities within lighting devices (such as LED strips), thereby providing more uniform illumination through the lighting device.

[0087] In embodiments, the light generating system may include a chip-on-board (CoB). The term "chip-on-board" (or "CoB") specifically refers to LED chips in the form of semiconductor chips that are neither packaged nor connected, but are directly mounted on a substrate such as a printed circuit board (PCB), wherein a single light emitter is configured to receive light in relation to (all) the LED chips. Therefore, multiple light-emitting semiconductor light sources can be configured on the same substrate. In embodiments, a CoB is a multi-LED chip configured together as a single lighting module. In embodiments, the chip-on-board may therefore include at least first and second light generating devices, and optionally a third and / or a fourth light generating device. Furthermore, the chip-on-board may include a light-emitting material device. Specifically, the light-emitting material device may be configured on top of the first and second (and optionally the third and / or fourth) light generating devices.

[0088] Furthermore, in embodiments, the light-generating system may include an LED filament. Such LED filaments are known and described, for example, in US 8,400,051 B2, WO2020016058, WO2019197394, etc., which are incorporated herein by reference. Typically, an LED filament in embodiments may include (i) a plurality of light-emitting diodes (LEDs) arranged on an elongated carrier (at least on a first main surface), and (ii) an elongated package covering at least a portion of the plurality of LEDs and the elongated carrier. In embodiments, the LED filament may consist of a filament length L F filament width W F and filament thickness T F Limited. LED filaments may also include a filament elongation shaft A. F Filament elongation axis A F In particular, it can be a straight axis centered on the direction of LED filament elongation. Filament elongation axis A F The shaft length L can be limited. A Where the axis length L A It can be the LED filament along the filament elongation axis A F The length of the filament. In some embodiments, the LED filament can be straight. In a straight embodiment, the filament length L F It can be (basically) equal to the shaft length L A In other embodiments, the LED filament can be curved. For example, the filament can have a (2D or 3D) helical shape, a (similar) helical shape, or other curved shapes. In curved embodiments, the axial length L A It can be less than the filament length L F Such as L A / L F ≤0.95, especially L A / L F ≤0.75, especially L A / L F ≤0.55. Furthermore, LED filaments can have a relatively high aspect ratio (L). F / W F or L F / T F A large aspect ratio (L) can better mimic a filament. However, in embodiments, the aspect ratio (L) is... F / W F and / or L F / T F The number can be up to 200, such as up to 150, and particularly up to 100. Therefore, in a particular embodiment, 10 W F ≤L F≤200 W F , and 10 T F ≤L F ≤200 T F .

[0089] Furthermore, as shown in the figure, the LED filament may include an elongated carrier, a solid-state light source, and an encapsulation. Specifically, the elongated carrier may support the solid-state light source. Therefore, in embodiments, the elongated carrier may be substantially a support as described above. The elongated carrier may include, for example, glass, quartz, metal, or sapphire. In other embodiments, the elongated carrier may include, for example, a polymeric material or a (flexible) metal, such as a film or foil. The elongated carrier may be rigid (self-supporting), but (in polymer embodiments) may also be flexible. In embodiments, the elongated carrier may be translucent, translucent, or transparent to light, especially visible light. Alternatively, in embodiments, the carrier may be light-reflective, especially to one or more of the light source light and LED filament light (see below), for example, to at least the light source light and LED filament light. In specific embodiments, the carrier may be diffusely reflective. The elongated carrier may have dimensions similar to those of the LED filament. In particular, the elongated carrier may substantially define the filament length L of the LED filament. F and shaft length L A The width W of the LED filament F and thickness T F It may be defined by an elongated carrier and other components of the LED filament (e.g., a solid-state light source and encapsulation). In embodiments, the (elongated) carrier may include a first main surface at a first side of the carrier and a second main surface at a second side of the carrier opposite the first side. In embodiments, the solid-state light source may be disposed on at least one of these surfaces. Thus, in embodiments, at least a portion, such as all, of the solid-state light source may be mounted on the first main surface. Additionally or alternatively, at least a portion of the solid-state light source may be mounted on the second main surface. Thus, in embodiments, the solid-state light source may be disposed, mounted, and / or mechanically coupled to the carrier, wherein the carrier may be specifically configured to mechanically and / or electrically support the LED.

[0090] In embodiments, the solid-state light source may include an LED. Alternatively or additionally, in embodiments, the solid-state light source may include a diode laser. Furthermore, the LED filament may include one or more of LEDs, laser diodes, multi-junction light-emitting diodes, and superluminescent diodes. In particular, the LED filament includes multiple light-emitting diodes (LEDs). Multiple solid-state light sources may be arranged in an array (on an elongated carrier), especially at filament lengths L. F(At least a portion of) the solid-state light sources in the array. The number of solid-state light sources in the array can be at least 4, such as at least 8, or even more particularly at least 12, and can be, for example, up to 100, or even more. In particular, in embodiments, the number of solid-state light sources in the array can be selected from the range of 10-1000, such as 10-200. In embodiments, the solid-state light sources can be at least a portion of the filament length L F The upper part is configured as a 1D (linear) array. When measured along the LED filament, the first and last solid-state light sources can have at least 0.5 L F Even more specifically, at least 0.7 L F The mutual distance. Furthermore, in embodiments, the solid-state light source can be configured as two 1D arrays, one on a first main surface of the elongated carrier and one on a second main surface. A 2D array of m solid-state light sources is also possible. In embodiments, n can be selected from the range of 1-4, such as 1-3, such as 1-2, as in Embodiment 1 or Embodiment 2, and m can be selected from a range greater than n, such as particularly selected from the range of at least 4 (when n < 4), such as at least 6, such as at least 8. Thus, the 2D array of solid-state light sources can particularly have fewer rows (n) than the number (m) of solid-state light sources in those corresponding rows (m), such as n / m ≤ 0.2, like n / m ≤ 0.1, and especially n / m ≤ 0.05.

[0091] In an embodiment, the LED filament may include an encapsulation. The encapsulation may specifically (at least partially) cover multiple solid-state light sources. Furthermore, the encapsulation may (at least partially) cover at least a portion of an elongated carrier, such as a portion of at least one of a first main surface and a second main surface. Typically, the encapsulation may contact the elongated carrier and may cover all solid-state light sources. Therefore, in an embodiment, the encapsulation may be configured at the filament length L of the LED filament. F On most of it (such as more than 70% of the filament length L) F The encapsulation may be located along the filament length L on one or both of the first and second main surfaces. F A continuous coating. Furthermore, the encapsulation can at least partially cover the solid-state light source, such as, in the embodiments, covering at least 50% of the total number of solid-state light sources in the array, such as at least 75%, particularly at least 95%, and up to 100%.

[0092] In embodiments, the encapsulation may include one or more of a luminescent material and a light-scattering material, particularly at least a luminescent material. Specifically, in embodiments, the encapsulation may include at least a first luminescent material. Therefore, an encapsulation including at least a first luminescent material can essentially be an embodiment of a luminescent material device as defined for a light-generating system. One or more of the luminescent material and the light-scattering material may be specifically configured to be embedded in an encapsulation material, such as a (flexible) polymer material (e.g., silicone). In embodiments, the luminescent material may be configured to convert at least a portion (e.g., all) of the light source light (generated by a solid-state light source) into luminescent material light. In specific embodiments, the luminescent material may include a phosphor, such as an inorganic phosphor and / or quantum dots or rods. Furthermore, in embodiments, the light-scattering material may be configured to scatter (or “diffuse”) the light source light, particularly in directions transverse to the normals of the (first and / or second) main surfaces. In specific embodiments, the light-scattering material may include light-scattering particles, such as at least one of BaSO4, Al2O3, and TiO2 particles.

[0093] In embodiments, the LED filament can be configured to produce filament light, which may include one or more of (scattered) light from a light source and light from a luminescent material. The term "LED filament light" may refer to the light emitted by the LED filament during operation. Furthermore, the solid-state light source included in the LED filament can be configured to produce light from a light source. In embodiments, at least two (e.g., all) solid-state light sources can be configured to emit light from a light source with different spectral power distributions. In other embodiments, at least two (e.g., all) of the solid-state light sources can be configured to provide light from a light source having substantially the same spectral power distribution. In embodiments, the filament light may include light from a light source, or may even consist substantially of (scattered) light from a light source. However, in embodiments where the encapsulation may include a luminescent material, the filament light may include light from a luminescent material, or may even consist substantially of light from a luminescent material. Furthermore, in embodiments, the filament light may include at least a portion of light from a luminescent material and (unconverted and / or scattered) light from a light source. In embodiments, the LED filament can provide filament light with a desired spectral distribution, for example, white light with a correlated color temperature selected from the range of 1500-3000K. In such embodiments, the filament light may include light from the luminescent material and optionally light from a transmitted light source. Furthermore, the filament light may include at least light with wavelengths selected from the 380-780 nm range, i.e., visible light. In embodiments, the filament light may include at least white light. Specifically, the filament light may be relatively warm (white) light, such as light selected from the 1500-3000 K range, particularly from 1500-2700 K, and most particularly from the 1800-2700 K range. In embodiments, the LED filament may include multiple sub-filaments.

[0094] Light generating systems can be part of or applied to, for example, the following: office lighting systems, home application systems, shop lighting systems, residential lighting systems, accent lighting systems, spotlighting systems, theater lighting systems, fiber optic application systems, projection systems, self-illuminating display systems, pixelated display systems, segmented display systems, warning sign systems, medical lighting application systems, directional sign systems, decorative lighting systems, portable systems, automotive applications, (outdoor) road lighting systems, urban lighting systems, greenhouse lighting systems, horticultural lighting, digital projection, or LCD backlighting. Light generating systems (or luminaires) can also be part of, for example, optical communication systems or disinfection systems, or can be applied to, for example, optical communication systems or disinfection systems.

[0095] The terms “visible,” “visible light,” or “visible emission” and similar terms refer to light having one or more wavelengths in the range of about 380-780 nm.

[0096] The terms “light” and “radiation” are used interchangeably herein unless the context clearly indicates that the term “light” refers only to visible light. Therefore, the terms “light” and “radiation” can refer to UV radiation, visible light, and IR radiation. In specific embodiments, particularly for lighting applications, the terms “light” and “radiation” (at least) refer to visible light.

[0097] In another aspect, the invention also provides a lamp or luminaire comprising a light-generating system as defined herein. The luminaire may further include a housing, optical elements, a light-shielding grid, etc. The lamp or luminaire may also include a housing surrounding the light-generating system. The lamp or luminaire may include a light window or housing opening in the housing through which system light can escape from the housing. In yet another aspect, the invention also provides a projection device comprising a light-generating system as defined herein. In particular, a projection device, or “projector” or “image projector,” can be an optical device that projects an image (or moving image) onto a surface such as, for example, a projection screen. The projection device may include one or more light-generating systems as described herein. Thus, in one aspect, the invention also provides a lighting device selected from the group consisting of lamps, luminaires, automotive lighting devices, and optical wireless communication devices, comprising a light-generating system as defined herein. The lighting device may include a housing or carrier configured to house or support one or more elements of a light-generating system. For example, in an embodiment, the lighting device may include a housing or carrier configured to house or support one or more of a first generating device, a second light-generating device, and a luminescent material device.

[0098] Instead of the terms "lighting equipment" or "lighting system" and similar terms, the terms "light generating device" or "light generating system" (and similar terms) may also be used. A lighting equipment or lighting system may be configured to generate equipment light (or "lighting equipment light") or system light ("or lighting system light").

[0099] Lighting devices may include light sources. In embodiments, device light may include one or more of light from a light source and converted light from a light source (such as light from a luminescent material). Attached Figure Description

[0100] Embodiments of the invention will now be described by way of example only, with reference to the accompanying schematic diagrams, wherein corresponding reference numerals indicate corresponding parts, and in the drawings:

[0101] Figures 1 and 2 schematically depict some embodiments of the light generation system.

[0102] Figure 3 illustrates the emission and excitation spectra of the light-generating system.

[0103] Figure 4 The illustrations depict some applications of light-generating systems in lighting equipment.

[0104] The diagram does not need to be drawn to scale. Detailed Implementation

[0105] Figure 1 schematically depicts an embodiment of the present invention, including a light generating system 1000 configured to provide system light 1001. The light generating system may include a light generating device 100 configured to generate device light 101. Furthermore, the light generating system may include a light-emitting material device 2000, which includes one or more light-emitting elements 200 configured to provide light-emitting material light 201. As shown in Figure 1a, in a specific embodiment, the light generating system 1000 may include (i) a first light generating device 110, (ii) a second light generating device 120, and (iii) a light-emitting material device 2000.

[0106] In an embodiment, the first light generating device 110 may include a first solid-state light source 10 configured to generate a first light source light 11. Specifically, in an embodiment, the first light source light 11 may have a wavelength selected from a wavelength range of 430-490 nm. Furthermore, in an embodiment, the first light generating device 110 may be configured to generate a first device light 111.

[0107] In an embodiment, the light-emitting material device 2000 may include a first light-emitting material 210. The first light-emitting material 210 may be disposed downstream of the first light source 10. The first light-emitting material may be specifically configured to convert at least a portion of the first light source light 11 received by the first light-emitting material 210 into first light-emitting material light 211. In an embodiment, the first light-emitting material light 211 may have a first spectral power distribution in the visible wavelength range, the first spectral power distribution having a first centroid wavelength (λ). c1 In the embodiment, the first centroid wavelength (λ) c1 The wavelength can be selected from the range of 615-645 nm. Furthermore, in embodiments, the first luminescent material 211 may include one or more emission bands having a (corresponding) first full width at half maximum (FWHM1), the first FWHM1 being selected from a range up to 40 nm. Additionally, in embodiments, the first luminescent material 210 may include materials doped with tetravalent manganese. This refers to a type of luminescent material. Specifically, in the embodiments, M may comprise an alkaline earth cation. Furthermore, in the embodiments, M' may comprise a basic cation, and x may be in the range of 0-1. Furthermore, in the embodiments, A may comprise a tetravalent cation. Furthermore, in the embodiments, X may comprise a monovalent anion, including at least fluorine.

[0108] In an embodiment, the second light generating device 120 may include a second solid-state light source 20 configured to generate a second light source light 21. Furthermore, in an embodiment, the second light generating device 120 may be configured to generate a second device light 121. In an embodiment, the second device light 121 may have a second spectral power distribution in the visible wavelength range, the second spectral power distribution having a second centroid wavelength (λ). c2 The emission band of the second centroid wavelength (λ). Specifically, in the embodiment, the second centroid wavelength (λ) c2 The wavelength can be selected from the 605-655 nm range. Additionally or alternatively, in embodiments, the second spectral power distribution may have a second full width at half maximum (FWHM2) selected from a range up to 40 nm.

[0109] Furthermore, in embodiments, the light generating system 1000 may be configured such that the first spectral power distribution and the second spectral power distribution may at least partially overlap. Additionally or alternatively, in embodiments, the light generating system 1000 may be configured such that... Additionally or alternatively, in an embodiment, the light generating system 1000 may be configured such that, in an operating mode of the light generating system 1000, the system light 1001 may include one or more of (i) a first luminescent material light 211 and (ii) a second device light 121.

[0110] like Figure 1AAs depicted in sub-Figure I, the luminescent material device 2000 can therefore be configured downstream of the first solid-state light source 10 (rather than the second solid-state light source 20, and particularly the second light-generating device 120). In embodiments, the luminescent material device 2000 can be configured to be in (direct) physical contact with the first solid-state light source 10. In such embodiments, the first distance d1 (defined as the shortest distance between the top surface of the first solid-state light source 10 and the first surface of the luminescent material device 2000 (particularly the first luminescent material 210)) can be substantially zero. However, in other embodiments, such as in Figure 1A As depicted in sub-Figure IV, the luminescent material device 2000 can be configured to be located away from the first solid-state light source 10, such that d1 can be selected from the range of 0-25 cm.

[0111] In addition, Figure 1A In the embodiments depicted in sub-Figures I and IV, the second light-generating device 120 may be a direct-emitting light-emitting diode (LED). In such embodiments, the second device light 121 may substantially be the second source light 21. Specifically, in embodiments, at least 90% of the second device light 121 may be direct-emitting LED light. Additionally or alternatively, in embodiments, at least 90% of the first device light 111 may be the first luminescent material light 211. Therefore, a majority of the first source light 11 may be converted into first luminescent material light 211 by the first luminescent material 210. In specific embodiments, the first luminescent material 210 (including a narrowband emitter based on tetravalent manganese) may include... and One or more of them. In particular, in embodiments, a narrowband emitter based on tetravalent manganese may include, in particular, one or more of them. .

[0112] like Figure 1A As depicted in sub-Figure IV, in an embodiment, the light-emitting material device 2000 may (also) include a second light-emitting material 220. In an embodiment, the second light-emitting material 220 may be disposed downstream of the first solid-state light source 10. Additionally, in an embodiment, the second light-emitting material 220 may be configured to convert at least a portion of the light from the first light source 11 into second light-emitting material light 221. The second light-emitting material light 221 may have a third centroid wavelength (λ) in the visible wavelength range. c3 The (third) spectral power distribution. In an embodiment, the third centroid wavelength (λ) c3 The wavelength can be selected from the range of 500-590 nm. Therefore, in the embodiment, in the operating mode of the light generation system 1000, the system light 1001 may include (i) a first light-emitting material light 211, (ii) a second device light 121, and (iii) a second light-emitting material light 221 (optionally, (iv) an unconverted first light source light 11).

[0113] Furthermore, in the embodiments, the second luminescent material 220 and the optional fourth luminescent material 240 (see also below) may include The light-emitting material is of this type. Specifically, in the embodiments, A may include one or more of Y, La, Gd, Tb, and Lu. Furthermore, in the embodiments, B may include one or more of Al, Ga, In, and Sc.

[0114] like Figure 1A As shown in sub-Figures II and III, the luminescent material device 2000 can also be configured downstream of both the first solid-state light source 10 and the second solid-state light source 20. In such embodiments, the first light-generating device 110 may include the first solid-state light source 10 and the first luminescent material 210, while the second light-generating device 120 may be substantially the second solid-state light source 20 (and therefore does not include the luminescent element 200). For example, in such embodiments, the luminescent material device 2000 may include a luminescent element 200 (including the first luminescent material 210 and an optional second luminescent material 220), which is selected from the group consisting of a luminescent layer or luminescent body (as depicted in sub-Figure II) and an encapsulation (as depicted in sub-Figure III).

[0115] In another embodiment, such as Figure 1B As shown, the light generation system 1000 may include a third light generating device 130 configured to provide a third device light 131. In an embodiment, the third device light 131 may have a peak emission wavelength selected from the wavelength range of 435-470 nm. In an embodiment, the third light generating device 130 may include a third solid-state light source 30 configured to generate a third light source light 31. In particular, in an embodiment, the third light generating device 130 may be a direct-emitting light-emitting diode. In such embodiments, the third device light 131 may be the third light source light 31. Furthermore, in such embodiments, the third device light is particularly blue light.

[0116] Similar to the embodiments described above, the luminescent material device 2000 can be configured downstream of the first solid-state light source 10, but not downstream of the second solid-state light source 20 and the third solid-state light source 30, as shown below. Figure 1B As depicted in sub-Figure I, the luminescent material device 2000 can be configured to be in (direct) physical contact with the first solid-state light source 10, i.e., at a distance d1 equal to zero. Alternatively, similar to... Figure 1A In the embodiment depicted in sub-Figure IV, the luminescent material device 2000 can also be configured to be located away from the first solid-state light source 10, for example at a distance d1 selected from the range of 0-25 cm.

[0117] Additionally or alternatively, in embodiments, the light generating system 1000 may include a fourth light generating device 140 configured to provide a fourth device light 141. In embodiments, the fourth device light 141 may have a wavelength selected from the 500-580 nm range. Furthermore, in embodiments, the fourth light generating device 140 may include a fourth solid-state light source 40 configured to generate a fourth light source light 41. In particular, in embodiments, the fourth light generating device 140 may be a phosphor-converted light-emitting diode. Therefore, in embodiments, the fourth light generating device 140 may particularly include a fourth luminescent material 240 configured to convert at least a portion of the fourth light source light 41 into fourth luminescent material light 241. In such embodiments, the fourth device light 141 may include at least a portion of the fourth luminescent material light 241. Furthermore, in such embodiments, the fourth device light is particularly greenish-yellow light. Additionally, in some embodiments, the second luminescent material 220 and the fourth luminescent material 240 may be different types of luminescent materials. However, in other embodiments, the second luminescent material 220 and the fourth luminescent material 240 may be substantially the same (type) of luminescent materials (see also above).

[0118] like Figure 1B As depicted in the embodiment of Sub-Figure II, the luminescent material device 2000 may be configured downstream of a first solid-state light source 10 and one or more of a second solid-state light source 20 and a fourth solid-state light source 40. For example, in such embodiments, the luminescent material device 2000 may include a luminescent element 200 (including a first luminescent material 210 and optionally a second luminescent material 220 and / or a fourth luminescent material 240), the luminescent element 200 being selected from the group comprising (as depicted in Sub-Figure II) a luminescent layer or luminescent body and (not depicted) an encapsulation.

[0119] In a specific embodiment, such as Figure 1C The depicted light-generating system may include a first light-generating device 110, a second light-generating device 120, a third light-generating device 130, and a fourth light-generating device 140. In such embodiments, the light-emitting material device 2000 may include a first light-emitting material 210 and a fourth light-emitting material 240 (and optionally a second light-emitting material 220). As depicted herein, the light-emitting material device 2000 may specifically include (i) a light-emitting element 200 disposed downstream of the first solid-state light source 10 and comprising at least the first light-emitting material 210, and (ii) another light-emitting element 200 disposed downstream of the fourth solid-state light source 40 and comprising at least the fourth light-emitting material 240. Also here, in embodiments, different light-emitting elements are possible, such as encapsulations or light-emitting layers comprising light-emitting materials.

[0120] In this document, reference numeral 700 may refer to a support configured to support the light generating device 100 (and the light-emitting material device 2000). Specifically, in embodiments, the light generating system 1000 may include a support 700 configured to support one or more of a first light generating device 110, a second light generating device 120, and (optionally) a third light generating device 130 and a fourth light generating device 140. In some embodiments, the light generating system may include an LED strip comprising, for example,... Figure 1C The depicted support component.

[0121] In an embodiment, the light generating system 1000 may further include a control system 300. The control system 300 may be configured to individually control the light generating device 100. Specifically, in an embodiment, the control system 300 may be configured to control the first light generating device 110 and the second light generating device 120 while maintaining a fixed color point of the system light 1001. Additionally or alternatively, in an embodiment, the control system 300 may be configured to control the first light generating device 110 and the second light generating device 120 while maintaining a fixed correlated color temperature of the system light 1001.

[0122] Figure 2 schematically depicts some other embodiments of the light generation system 1000. For example... Figure 2A The depicted light generating system 1000 may include an on-board chip device 410. In an embodiment, the on-board chip device 410 may include a support 700 configured to support one or more first light generating devices 110 and one or more second light generating devices 120. Furthermore, in an embodiment, the on-board chip device 410 may include a light-emitting material device 2000 disposed downstream of the first light generating devices 110 and the second light generating devices 120. As depicted herein, in an embodiment, the light-emitting material device 2000 may include a light-emitting element 200 (such as a light-emitting layer) comprising a first light-emitting material 210 and (optionally) a second light-emitting material 220. Additionally, in an embodiment, the on-board chip device 410 may include one or more of a third light generating device 130 and a fourth light generating device 140.

[0123] Alternative locations, such as Figure 2BAs shown, the light generating system 1000 may include an LED filament 420. In an embodiment, the LED filament 420 may include a support 700 configured to support one or more first light generating devices 110 and one or more second light generating devices 120. Furthermore, in an embodiment, the LED filament 420 may include a light-emitting material device 2000 disposed downstream of the first light generating devices 110 and the second light generating devices 120. As depicted herein, in an embodiment, the light-emitting material device 2000 may include a light-emitting element 200 (such as an encapsulation) comprising a first light-emitting material 210 and (optionally) a second light-emitting material 220. Additionally, in an embodiment, the LED filament 420 may include one or more of a third light generating device 130 and a fourth light generating device 140.

[0124] like Figure 2C As shown, in an embodiment, the light generating system 1000 may further include an optical sensor 310. The optical sensor 310 may be configured to sense (i) one or more of the first device light 111 and the system light 1001, and generate a corresponding optical sensor signal. In an embodiment, the control system 300 may be configured to individually control the light generating device 100, particularly at least the first light generating device 110 and / or the second light generating device 120, based on the optical sensor signal and a predefined radiative flux-time relationship. Alternatively, in an embodiment, the control system 300 may be configured to individually control the light generating device 100, particularly at least the first light generating device 110 and / or the second light generating device 120, based on the optical sensor signal and a predefined (luminescence) intensity-time relationship.

[0125] Reference numeral 301 indicates a user interface that can be functionally coupled to a control system 300 which is included in or functionally coupled to the light generation system 1000.

[0126] Figures 3A-3B The spectral power distributions of some elements in the light generation system 1000 are schematically depicted. In particular, Figure 3A An embodiment depicting the centroid wavelength range of the second device light 121 and the excitation spectrum of the first luminescent material 210 is described. In this embodiment, the first centroid wavelength (λ) can be selected. c1 ) and the second centroid wavelength (λ) c2 They are relatively close to each other. Specifically, in the embodiments, As can be derived from the spectrum, the first luminescent material light 211 and the second device light 121 can have overlapping centroid wavelengths, thus causing the color point shift to decrease if the first luminescent material 210 deteriorates over time.

[0127] Specifically, in the embodiment, the first centroid wavelength (λ) c1 The wavelength can be selected from the 625-635 nm range. Furthermore, in the embodiment, the second centroid wavelength (λ) c1 The wavelength can be selected from the range of 620-640nm.

[0128] Figure 3B The spectrum of white system light 1001 in a light generation system 1000, which includes a first light generating device 110, a second light generating device 120, a third light generating device 130, and a fourth light generating device 140, is depicted. Figure 3B The output spectrum of system light 1001 is specifically depicted, namely, the combination of the emission and excitation spectra of the first luminescent material light 211, the second device light 121, the third device light 131, and the fourth luminescent material light 241. The spectrum pertains to the white system light 1001 with a CCT of 4000 K, which consists of light with a first centroid wavelength λ. c1 The first luminescent material light has a wavelength of 632nm and a second centroid wavelength λ. c2 The second device light has a peak emission wavelength of 632 nm, the third device light has a peak emission wavelength of 455 nm, and the fourth centroid wavelength λ has a peak emission wavelength of 550 nm. c4 The fourth luminescent material is composed of light. However, combinations of different wavelengths (such as those selected from the above range) are also possible.

[0129] Referring to Figures 3a-3b, (some) are doped with Mn 4+ The characteristic narrow-band emission of a luminescent material can comprise multiple relatively narrow bands (sometimes referred to as "line emission"). Each of these bands, centered at approximately 632 nm, can have a maximum FWHM of 40 nm (at room temperature). Note that some of these bands can partially overlap. Due to this effect and device-dependent resolution aspects, the bands may appear wider. However, when measured with sufficient resolution (at room temperature) and the overlapping bands deconvoluted, the FWHM is typically (well) below 540 nm.

[0130] Furthermore, in an embodiment, system light 1001 may be white light having a correlated color temperature selected from the range of 1700-6500K and a color rendering index of at least 80.

[0131] Figure 4 An embodiment of a luminaire 2 including the light generating system 1000 as described above is schematically depicted. Figure 4 An embodiment of a lamp 1 including a light generating system 1000 is also schematically depicted. Reference numeral 3 indicates a projector device or projector system, which can be used for example, projecting images onto a wall, and may also include the light generating system 1000. Therefore, Figure 4An embodiment of a lighting device 1200 selected from the group consisting of a lamp 1, a luminaire 2, a projector device 3, a disinfection device, a photochemical reactor, an automotive lighting device, and an optical wireless communication device is schematically depicted, comprising a light generating system 1000 as described herein. In embodiments, such a lighting device may be a lamp 1, a luminaire 2, a projector device 3, a disinfection device, an automotive lighting device, or an optical wireless communication device. Lighting device light emanating from lighting device 1200 is indicated by reference numeral 1201. Lighting device light 1201 may consist substantially of system light 1001, and therefore may be system light 1001 in specific embodiments. Reference numeral 1300 indicates a space, such as a room. Reference numeral 1305 indicates a floor, reference numeral 1310 indicates a ceiling; and reference numeral 1307 indicates a wall.

[0132] The term "multiple" refers to two or more items. The terms "substantially" or "essentially," and similar terms, will be understood by those skilled in the art. The term "substantially" or "essentially" may also include embodiments having connotations such as "completely," "entirely," "all," etc. Therefore, in embodiments, the adjective "substantially" or "essentially" may also be removed. Where applicable, the term "substantially" or "essentially" may also refer to 90% or higher, such as 95% or higher, especially 99% or higher, even more especially 99.5% or higher, including 100%. The term "comprising" also includes embodiments in which the term "including" means "consisting of." The term "and / or" particularly refers to one or more items mentioned before and after "and / or." For example, the phrase "item 1 and / or item 2" and similar phrases may refer to one or more of items 1 and 2. The term "comprising" in one embodiment may mean "consisting of," but in another embodiment it may also mean "containing at least the defined substance and optionally one or more other substances." The use of the verb "comprising" and its variations does not exclude the presence of elements or steps other than those stated in the claims. Unless the context clearly requires otherwise, throughout the specification and claims, the words "comprising," "including," etc., should be interpreted in an inclusive sense, not an exclusive or exhaustive sense; that is, in the sense of "including but not limited to." The article "a" or "an" preceding an element does not exclude the presence of a plurality of such elements.

[0133] Furthermore, the terms first, second, third, etc., used in the specification and claims are used to distinguish similar elements and are not necessarily used to describe an order or chronological order. It should be understood that such terms are interchangeable where appropriate, and the embodiments of the invention described herein can operate in orders other than those described or shown herein.

[0134] These devices, apparatuses, or systems may be described herein during operation. Those skilled in the art will understand that the invention is not limited to the method of operation, or the devices, apparatuses, or systems in operation.

[0135] It should be noted that the above embodiments are illustrative and not limiting of the invention, and those skilled in the art will be able to devise many alternative embodiments without departing from the scope of the appended claims. Any reference numerals placed between parentheses in the claims should not be construed as limiting the claims.

[0136] This invention can be implemented by hardware comprising several different elements and by a computer that is appropriately programmed. In the device, apparatus, or system claims that enumerate several means, several of these means can be implemented by the same hardware. The fact that certain measures are recited in mutually different dependent claims does not imply that combinations of these measures cannot be advantageously used. In another aspect, the invention (therefore) provides a software product that, when run on a computer, enables the implementation of one or more embodiments of the methods described herein.

[0137] The present invention also provides a control system that can control a device, apparatus, or system, or perform the methods or processes described herein. Furthermore, the present invention provides a computer program product that, when functionally coupled to or executed on a computer included in a device, apparatus, or system, controls one or more controllable elements of such device, apparatus, or system.

[0138] The present invention is also applicable to devices, apparatuses, or systems that include one or more characterizing features described in the specification and / or shown in the drawings. The present invention also relates to methods or processes that include one or more characterizing features described in the specification and / or shown in the drawings.

[0139] The various aspects discussed in this patent can be combined to provide additional advantages. Furthermore, those skilled in the art will understand that embodiments can be combined, and more than two embodiments can be combined. Additionally, some features can form the basis of one or more divisional applications.

Claims

1. A light generating system (1000) configured to provide system light (1001); wherein the light generating system (1000) includes (i) a first light generating device (110), (ii) a second light generating device (120), and (iii) a light-emitting material device (2000); wherein: - The first light generating device (110) includes a first solid-state light source (10), which is configured to generate first light source light (11) having a wavelength selected from the wavelength range of 430 nm to 490 nm; wherein the first light generating device (110) is configured to generate first device light (111). - The luminescent material device (2000) includes a first luminescent material (210), which is disposed downstream of the first light source (10) and configured to convert at least a portion of the light from the first light source (11) received by the first luminescent material (210) into first luminescent material light (211), the first luminescent material light (211) having a first spectral power distribution in the visible wavelength range, the first spectral power distribution having a first centroid wavelength (λ). c1 ); wherein the first centroid wavelength (λ) c1 The first luminescent material (210) comprises a wavelength range selected from 615 nm to 645 nm; wherein the first luminescent material light (211) includes one or more emission bands having a first full width at half maximum (FWHM1) selected from a range up to 40 nm; wherein the first luminescent material (210) comprises a light doped with tetravalent manganese. The luminescent material of the type, wherein M comprises an alkaline earth cation, wherein M' comprises a basic cation, and x is in the range of 0 to 1, wherein A comprises a tetravalent cation, wherein X comprises a monovalent anion, and includes at least fluorine; - The second light generating device (120) includes a second solid-state light source (20); wherein the second light generating device (120) is configured to generate second device light (121) having a second spectral power distribution in the visible wavelength range, the second spectral power distribution having an emission band having: (a) a second centroid wavelength (λ) selected from the wavelength range of 605 nm to 655 nm. c2 (a) and (b) selected from the second half-width full width at half maximum (FWHM2) in the range up to 40 nm; and - The light generating system (1000) is configured such that (a) the first spectral power distribution and the second spectral power distribution at least partially overlap, wherein the overlap is greater than 50%, (b) ; and (c) in the operating mode of the light generating system (1000), the system light (1001) includes (i) the first light-emitting material light (211) and (ii) the second device light (121).

2. The light generating system (1000) according to claim 1, wherein the second light generating device (120) is a direct-emitting light-emitting diode.

3. The light generating system (1000) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein ; Where the first centroid wavelength (λ) c1 The wavelength range is selected from 625 nm to 635 nm; and the second centroid wavelength (λ) is selected from the wavelength range from 625 nm to 635 nm. c1 (Selected from the wavelength range of 620nm to 640nm) 4. The light generating system (1000) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the first light-emitting material (210) comprises and One or more of them.

5. A light generating system (1000) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the light-emitting material device (2000) comprises a second light-emitting material (220), wherein the second light-emitting material (220) (a) is disposed downstream of the first solid-state light source (10), and (b) is configured to convert at least a portion of the light from the first light source (11) into second light-emitting material light (221), the second light-emitting material light (221) having a spectral power distribution in the visible wavelength range, the spectral power distribution having a third centroid wavelength (λ) selected from a wavelength range of 500 nm to 590 nm. c3 ); wherein, in the operating mode of the light generation system (1000), the system light (1001) includes (i) the first luminescent material light (211), (ii) the second device light (121); and (iii) the second luminescent material light.

6. The light generating system (1000) according to any one of the preceding claims further includes: - A third light generating device (130), the third light generating device (130) being configured to provide third device light (131) having a peak emission wavelength selected from a wavelength range of 435 nm to 470 nm; wherein the third light generating device (130) includes a third solid-state light source (30) configured to generate third light source light (31); and wherein the third light generating device (130) is a direct-emitting light-emitting diode, and wherein the third device light (131) is third light source light (31); and wherein the third device light is blue light; and - A fourth light generating device (140) configured to provide fourth device light (141) having a wavelength selected from the range of 500 nm to 580 nm; wherein the fourth light generating device (140) includes a fourth solid-state light source (40) configured to generate a fourth light source light (41); wherein the fourth light generating device (140) is a phosphor-converting light-emitting diode including a fourth luminescent material (240) configured to convert at least a portion of the fourth light source light (41) into fourth luminescent material light (241), wherein the fourth device light (141) includes at least a portion of the fourth luminescent material light (241); and wherein the fourth device light is greenish-yellow light.

7. The light generating system (1000) according to any one of claims 5 to 6, wherein the second light-emitting material (220) and optionally the fourth light-emitting material (240) comprise A3B5O. 12 :Ce 3+ The luminescent material, wherein A includes one or more of Y, La, Gd, Tb and Lu, and wherein B includes one or more of Al, Ga, In and Sc.

8. The light generating system (1000) according to any one of claims 5 to 7, wherein the system light (1001) is white light having a correlated color temperature selected from the range of 1700K to 6500K and a color rendering index of at least 80.

9. The light generating system (1000) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein at least 90% of the first device light (111) is first light-emitting material light (211), and at least 90% of the second device light (121) is direct-emitting LED light.

10. The light generating system (1000) according to any one of the preceding claims further includes a control system (300), wherein the control system (300) is configured to individually control the light generating devices (110, 120, ...); wherein the control system (300) is configured to control the first light generating device (110) and the second light generating device (120) while maintaining one or more of the following: (i) a fixed color point of the system light (1001), and (ii) a fixed correlated color temperature of the system light (1001).

11. The light generating system (1000) of claim 10 further includes an optical sensor (310) configured to sense (i) one or more of the first device light (111) and the system light (1001) and generate a related optical sensor signal, wherein the control system (300) is configured to individually control one or more of the light generating devices (110, 120, ...) based on the optical sensor signal.

12. The light generating system (1000) according to any one of the claims, wherein the first light generating device (110) comprises a phosphor-converted light-emitting diode, the phosphor-converted light-emitting diode comprising a first light-emitting material (210) and a second light-emitting material (220) according to claim 5 or claim 7; wherein the light generating system (1000) further comprises a support (700) configured to support one or more of the first light generating device (110), the second light generating device (120), and the third light generating device (130) and the fourth light generating device (140) as defined in claim 6.

13. The light generating system (1000) according to claim 12, comprising an LED strip (430) including the support member (700).

14. The light generating system (1000) according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the light generating system (1000) includes an LED filament (420), wherein the light-emitting material device (2000) is disposed downstream of the first light generating device (110) and the second light generating device (120); wherein the light-emitting material device (2000) further includes a second light-emitting material (220) according to claim 5 or claim 7.

15. A lighting device (1200) selected from the group consisting of lamps (1) and luminaires (2), the lighting device (1200) comprising a light generating system (1000) according to any one of the preceding claims.

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