Duck goose liver-protecting traditional Chinese medicine preparation and preparation method thereof

Abstract

This invention belongs to the field of biomedical technology, specifically relating to a traditional Chinese medicine preparation for protecting the liver of ducks and geese and its preparation method. This preparation is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: Bupleurum chinense 5-15 parts, Artemisia capillaris 10-25 parts, Sedum sarmentosum 10-20 parts, Schisandra chinensis 5-12 parts, Astragalus membranaceus 8-20 parts, Poria cocos 6-18 parts, Atractylodes macrocephala 5-15 parts, Salvia miltiorrhiza 5-12 parts, Taraxacum mongolicum 10-25 parts, Alisma plantago-aquatica 5-15 parts, Glycyrrhiza uralensis 3-10 parts, Ivy 3-10 parts, and Mealworm pupae 2-8 parts. This invention introduces Ivy and Mealworm pupae into the formula for protecting the liver of ducks and geese, enhancing the liver-protecting effect. Simultaneously, it pioneers a "liver-intestine co-regulation" dual-target system, filling the gap in existing technologies that neglect the intestinal-liver axis linkage mechanism, thus improving the repair effect on intestinal-liver axis damage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of biomedical technology, specifically relating to a traditional Chinese medicine preparation for protecting the liver of ducks and geese and its preparation method. Background Technology

[0002] With the intensive and large-scale development of waterfowl farming, the density of duck and goose farming has been continuously increasing. Problems such as the widespread use of high-energy and high-fat diets, mycotoxin contamination, frequent viral diseases, overuse of antibiotics and chemical drugs, and increased stress in farming have led to a year-on-year increase in the incidence of liver damage in ducks and geese. This damage is often accompanied by intestinal barrier damage, gut microbiota dysbiosis, and other gut-liver axis linkage damage, forming a vicious cycle of "liver damage-intestinal damage-exacerbated liver damage," which has become the core pain point restricting the development of waterfowl farming.

[0003] As waterfowl, ducks and geese have livers, which are their largest digestive glands and metabolic organs. They bear core functions such as fat metabolism, toxin degradation, nutrient conversion, and immune factor synthesis. Their liver metabolic load is much higher than that of terrestrial poultry, making them more sensitive to liver damage. At the same time, ducks and geese have short intestines, fast feed emptying rates, and fragile intestinal mucosal barriers. Imbalances in the gut microbiota can easily aggravate liver damage through the gut-liver axis. In turn, abnormal liver metabolism can also disrupt intestinal homeostasis. Current technologies completely ignore the gut-liver axis linkage mechanism in duck and goose liver damage and only target the liver with drugs, which cannot fundamentally block the occurrence and development of liver damage.

[0004] Common types of liver injury in ducks and geese in clinical practice include: 1. Nutritional and metabolic liver injury: Fatty liver syndrome caused by high-energy and high-fat diets, which is more common in the middle and late stages of meat duck and goose farming; 2. Toxic liver injury: Liver necrosis and liver fibrosis caused by mycotoxin contamination in feed such as aflatoxin B1 and zearalenone, which is the most common cause of latent liver injury in farming; 3. Pathogenic liver injury: Liver hemorrhage, liver necrosis, and liver enlargement secondary to pathogen infections such as duck hepatitis A, Tembusu virus disease, goose paramyxovirus disease, and duck rimerella infection, which is one of the core causes of high mortality in ducklings and goslings; 4. Drug-induced liver injury: Hepatocyte damage caused by long-term or excessive use of antibiotics, chemical anthelmintics, antipyretics, analgesics, etc., which damages the liver barrier function; 5. Stress-induced liver injury: Oxidative damage to hepatocytes caused by stress such as high-density farming, flock transfer, immunization, and sudden temperature changes, often accompanied by decreased feed intake and slow growth, which is a latent injury that is easily overlooked in farming.

[0005] Currently, the prevention and treatment of liver damage in ducks and geese mainly relies on chemical hepatoprotective drugs, such as glucuronolactone, silymarin, and S-adenosylmethionine. Although these drugs have a certain hepatoprotective effect, they have problems such as high cost, high risk of residual effects in the body, long withdrawal period, and easy development of drug resistance. Moreover, they do not have the effects of intestinal repair or gut microbiota regulation, and cannot block the vicious cycle of the gut-liver axis, which does not meet the development requirements of green antibiotic-free farming in my country.

[0006] Existing hepatoprotective traditional Chinese medicine preparations are all developed for terrestrial livestock and poultry such as pigs and broilers, without considering the physiological and pathological differences between waterfowl such as ducks and geese and terrestrial livestock and poultry. The liver as a percentage of body weight is significantly higher in ducks and geese than in broilers, and their fat metabolism intensity is 2-3 times that of broilers. They are far more sensitive to high-fat diets, toxins, and pathogens than terrestrial livestock and poultry. At the same time, ducks and geese have short intestines and fast feed emptying rates, making them extremely intolerant to cold-natured drugs. Conventional hepatoprotective formulas for terrestrial livestock and poultry either have insufficient efficacy or easily cause severe diarrhea, decreased feed intake, or even worsen liver damage. This is a long-standing technical problem that current technology has failed to solve. Current technology generally believes that hepatoprotection only requires clearing heat and detoxifying, promoting bile secretion and reducing jaundice. Formulas often use large doses of bitter and cold herbs (such as rhubarb, gardenia, coptis, and gentian) as the core, completely ignoring the core pathogenesis of liver damage in ducks and geese: "damp-heat stagnation as the superficial manifestation, and liver stagnation and spleen deficiency as the underlying cause." Clinical studies have confirmed that high doses of bitter and cold-natured drugs can severely damage the spleen and stomach function of ducks and geese, leading to impaired spleen function and internal dampness, which in turn increases the metabolic burden on the liver, creating a vicious cycle of "the more you cleanse the liver, the more it is damaged." This also easily causes severe diarrhea in ducklings and goslings, increasing mortality. In conclusion, the development of such products and preparation methods has significant industrial value and epoch-making innovative significance. Summary of the Invention

[0007] To address the aforementioned shortcomings in the existing technology, this invention provides a traditional Chinese medicine preparation for protecting the liver of ducks and geese, and its preparation method, in order to solve the problems mentioned in the background technology.

[0008] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention adopts the following technical solution: A traditional Chinese medicine preparation for protecting the liver of ducks and geese is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: Bupleurum chinense 5-15 parts, Artemisia capillaris 10-25 parts, Sedum sarmentosum 10-20 parts, Schisandra chinensis 5-12 parts, Astragalus membranaceus 8-20 parts, Poria cocos 6-18 parts, Atractylodes macrocephala 5-15 parts, Salvia miltiorrhiza 5-12 parts, Taraxacum mongolicum 10-25 parts, Alisma plantago-aquatica 5-15 parts, Glycyrrhiza uralensis 3-10 parts, Laminaria japonica 3-10 parts, and Mealworm pupae 2-8 parts.

[0009] Preferably, the traditional Chinese medicine preparation for protecting the liver of ducks and geese is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: Bupleurum chinense 8-12 parts, Artemisia capillaris 18-22 parts, Sedum sarmentosum 12-18 parts, Schisandra chinensis 6-10 parts, Astragalus membranaceus 12-18 parts, Poria cocos 10-15 parts, Atractylodes macrocephala 8-12 parts, Salvia miltiorrhiza 6-10 parts, Taraxacum mongolicum 18-22 parts, Alisma plantago-aquatica 8-12 parts, Glycyrrhiza uralensis 5-8 parts, Selaginella tamariscina 5-8 parts, and Mealworm pupae 3-6 parts.

[0010] Preferably, the liver-protecting traditional Chinese medicine preparation for ducks and geese is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts Bupleurum, 20 parts Artemisia capillaris, 15 parts Sedum sarmentosum, 8 parts Schisandra chinensis, 15 parts Astragalus membranaceus, 12 parts Poria cocos, 10 parts Atractylodes macrocephala, 8 parts Salvia miltiorrhiza, 20 parts Taraxacum mongolicum, 10 parts Alisma plantago-aquatica, 6 parts Glycyrrhiza uralensis, 6 parts Selaginella tamariscina, and 5 parts Mealworm pupae.

[0011] Further, it is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: Bupleurum chinense 6 parts, Artemisia capillaris 15 parts, Sedum sarmentosum 12 parts, Schisandra chinensis 6 parts, Astragalus membranaceus 18 parts, Poria cocos 15 parts, Atractylodes macrocephala 12 parts, Salvia miltiorrhiza 5 parts, Taraxacum mongolicum 15 parts, Alisma plantago-aquatica 8 parts, Glycyrrhiza uralensis 5 parts, Selaginella tamariscina 5 parts, and Mealworm pupae 3 parts.

[0012] Preferably, in the raw materials of the duck and goose liver-protecting traditional Chinese medicine preparation, the ratio of the total weight of the principal drug Artemisia capillaris and Sedum sarmentosum to the total weight of the adjuvant drugs Astragalus membranaceus, Atractylodes macrocephala, Poria cocos, Schisandra chinensis, Seaweed, and Yellow Mealworm Pupae is (20-45):(29-83).

[0013] Preferably, when the dosage form of the traditional Chinese medicine preparation for protecting the liver of ducks and geese is a soluble powder, the excipients are one or more of anhydrous glucose, soluble starch, and dextrin; When the dosage form of the preparation is an oral liquid, the excipients are one or more of preservatives, flavoring agents, and purified water; When the dosage form of the preparation is granules, the excipient is one or more of β-cyclodextrin and anhydrous glucose.

[0014] Based on the physiological characteristics of ducks and geese, such as "vigorous liver metabolism, often deficient spleen, easy invasion of dampness, poor tolerance to bitter and cold medicines, and close linkage of the gut-liver axis", and the core pathogenesis of liver damage, such as "damp-heat stagnation as the manifestation, liver stagnation and spleen deficiency as the root cause, and gut-liver axis damage as the core aggravating factor", this study aims to address the following:

[0015] Existing liver-protecting formulas often use the classic Yin Chen Hao Tang formula (Artemisia capillaris + Gardenia jasminoides + Rheum palmatum) as their core. While this formula has the effect of clearing the liver and reducing jaundice, Gardenia jasminoides and Rheum palmatum are bitter, cold, and potent, strongly irritating the intestines of ducks and geese, easily causing diarrhea and damage to the spleen and stomach. This invention abandons the commonly used bitter and cold herbs such as Gardenia jasminoides and Rheum palmatum in existing technologies, and selects Artemisia capillaris and Sedum sarmentosum as the principal herbs, solving the long-standing technical problem of "not being able to simultaneously clear the liver and protect the spleen and stomach" in existing technologies. Artemisia capillaris: The dried aerial parts of Artemisia capillaris or Artemisia capillaris, plants of the Asteraceae family. It is slightly cold in nature, pungent and bitter in taste, dispersing heat with its pungent and purging properties, and clearing heat with its slightly cold nature. It enters the liver, gallbladder, spleen, and stomach meridians. It has the functions of clearing damp-heat, promoting bile secretion, and reducing jaundice. It is used for jaundice with scanty urine, damp-heat syndrome, and itchy sores. It can clear damp-heat in the liver and gallbladder to reduce jaundice, and it can also clear damp-heat in the spleen and stomach to stop diarrhea. Therefore, it can be used for jaundice due to damp-heat accumulation, damp-heat syndrome, and itchy sores. When combined with Sedum sarmentosum, it enhances the function of clearing damp-heat in the liver and gallbladder and repairing damaged liver cells; when combined with Alisma plantago-aquatica and Poria cocos, it clears damp-heat, promotes diuresis, and reduces jaundice, making it suitable for cases of liver injury in ducks and geese accompanied by internal retention of dampness.

[0016] Sedum sarmentosum: The dried whole herb of Sedum sarmentosum, a plant in the Crassulaceae family. It is cool in nature, sweet and bland in taste. The sweet and bland taste promotes diuresis, while the coolness clears heat. It enters the liver, gallbladder, and small intestine meridians. It has the effects of clearing heat and detoxifying, promoting diuresis and relieving jaundice. It is used for damp-heat jaundice, difficulty urinating, carbuncles, and sores. It can clear damp-heat in the liver and gallbladder to relieve jaundice, clear heat and detoxify to treat sores, and promote diuresis to treat difficulty urinating. When combined with Artemisia capillaris, it synergistically enhances the effects of clearing damp-heat in the liver and gallbladder and lowering serum transaminase levels; when combined with Taraxacum mongolicum, it clears heat and detoxifies, promotes diuresis and reduces swelling, and helps improve the inflammatory response associated with liver damage.

[0017] The combination of these two herbs enhances the core efficacy of clearing damp-heat from the liver and gallbladder compared to the classic Yin Chen Hao Tang formula. At the same time, it completely avoids the damage to the spleen and stomach of ducks and geese caused by strong, bitter, and cold herbs. It is a unique combination of principal herbs specifically designed for the physiological characteristics of ducks and geese.

[0018] The combination of Bupleurum, Dandelion, Salvia miltiorrhiza, and Alisma plantago-aquatica breaks through the contraindications of medication for hemorrhagic liver injury. The selection of the principal herbs in this invention targets four major areas: liver soothing, detoxification, blood circulation promotion, and dampness elimination. These herbs form a closed-loop synergy with the principal herb, while simultaneously overcoming the contraindications of existing technologies and achieving enhanced targeting. Bupleurum: The dried root of Bupleurum chinense or Bupleurum stenoptera, both belonging to the Apiaceae family. It is slightly cold in nature, pungent and bitter in taste, dispersing and draining with its pungent and bitter properties, clearing heat with its slightly cold nature, and entering the liver and gallbladder meridians. It has the functions of harmonizing the lesser yang and soothing the liver and raising yang. It can both soothe the liver and relieve stagnation to alleviate chest and rib pain caused by liver qi stagnation, and raise yang qi to support the body's resistance. It can also guide other herbs to the liver meridian to enhance their targeting. When used in combination with Artemisia capillaris and Sedum sarmentosum, it soothes the liver and gallbladder, clears damp-heat, and unblocks the liver and gallbladder qi mechanism; when combined with Salvia miltiorrhiza, it soothes the liver and invigorates blood circulation, improving liver microcirculation, and is suitable for treating liver injury in ducks and geese accompanied by liver qi stagnation.

[0019] Dandelion: The dried whole herb of *Taraxacum mongolicum*, *Taraxacum officinale*, or several species of the same genus in the Asteraceae family. It is cold in nature, bitter and sweet in taste; bitterness can purge and descend, sweetness can detoxify, and coldness can clear heat. It has the effects of clearing heat and detoxifying, reducing swelling and dissipating nodules, and promoting diuresis and relieving strangury. It can both assist the principal herbs in enhancing the ability to clear heat and toxins from the liver and gallbladder, and clear damp-heat from the stomach and intestines, protecting the gastrointestinal mucosa. When used with *Bupleurum chinense* and *Artemisia capillaris*, it clears heat and detoxifies, soothes the liver and promotes bile secretion; when combined with *Hedyotis diffusa*, it clears heat and promotes diuresis, regulates the intestines, and aids in the repair of the gut-liver axis.

[0020] Salvia miltiorrhiza: The dried root and rhizome of Salvia miltiorrhiza, a plant in the Lamiaceae family. It is slightly cold in nature and bitter in taste; bitterness has a purging effect, and its slightly cold nature clears heat, entering the heart and liver meridians. Small doses can invigorate blood circulation, improve liver microcirculation, cool the blood, reduce swelling, and promote liver tissue regeneration without aggravating liver bleeding. When used in combination with Sedum sarmentosum and Schisandra chinensis, it invigorates blood circulation and repairs damaged liver cells; when combined with mealworm pupae, it enhances antiviral and anti-liver fibrosis effects, breaking the contraindications for use in hemorrhagic liver injury.

[0021] Alisma plantago-aquatica: The dried tuber of Alisma plantago-aquatica, a plant in the Alismataceae family. It is sweet, bland, and cold in nature, with a sweet and cold nature that promotes diuresis and clears heat. It has the effects of promoting diuresis and eliminating dampness, clearing heat, resolving turbidity, and lowering lipids. When used in combination with Poria cocos, Polyporus umbellatus, and Atractylodes macrocephala, it treats edema and difficulty urinating due to internal retention of dampness. When combined with stir-fried Atractylodes macrocephala, it treats dizziness and vertigo caused by phlegm retention and failure of clear yang to ascend. In this preparation, when used in combination with Poria cocos, it promotes diuresis without harming yin, promotes the excretion of metabolic toxins and mycotoxins, and reduces the liver's detoxification burden.

[0022] This invention, combining Astragalus membranaceus, Atractylodes macrocephala, Poria cocos, Schisandra chinensis, Seaweed, and Mealworm pupae, is a pioneering formula specifically designed for waterfowl, emphasizing "simultaneous liver and intestinal regulation and strengthening the spleen and liver." Existing technologies often suffer from a dual bias of prioritizing liver cleansing over spleen strengthening and liver health over intestinal health, neglecting the core pathogenesis of liver damage in ducks and geese, where "spleen deficiency is the root cause, and intestinal-liver axis damage is the primary aggravating factor." This innovative formula uses Astragalus membranaceus, Atractylodes macrocephala, Poria cocos, Schisandra chinensis, Seaweed, and Mealworm pupae as adjuvants to target a dual-core liver-protecting system for waterfowl, achieving a comprehensive approach that addresses both the symptoms and root cause. This overcomes the core shortcomings of existing technologies, which often only treat the symptoms and have a high recurrence rate. Astragalus: The dried root of *Astragalus mongholicus* or *Astragalus membranaceus*, both belonging to the legume family. It is slightly warm in nature and sweet in taste, replenishing qi and entering the spleen and lung meridians. It can significantly enhance the immunity of ducks and geese, strengthen the liver's resistance to damage, and promote protein synthesis in liver cells. When combined with *Atractylodes macrocephala* and *Poria cocos*, it replenishes qi, strengthens the spleen, dispels dampness, and supports the body's vital energy. When used in conjunction with mealworm pupae, it enhances immunity and stress resistance, making it suitable for ducklings, goslings, and breeding ducks and geese with weak constitutions.

[0023] Atractylodes macrocephala + Poria cocos: Atractylodes macrocephala is the dried rhizome of the plant Atractylodes macrocephala (family Asteraceae). It is warm in nature and has a sweet and bitter taste. The sweet and warm properties tonify Qi, while the bitter and warm properties dry dampness. Poria cocos is the dried sclerotium of the fungus Poria cocos (family Polyporaceae). It is neutral in nature and has a sweet and bland taste. The sweet and bland properties drain dampness, while the neutral properties are balanced. The combination of the two is a classic combination for strengthening the spleen and eliminating dampness. Atractylodes macrocephala strengthens the spleen and tonifies Qi, dries dampness and promotes urination, while Poria cocos promotes urination, eliminates dampness, strengthens the spleen and calms the mind. This aligns with the concept of "nourishing the earth and supporting the wood," eliminating dampness from the root and improving the digestive function of ducks and geese. When combined with Astragalus membranaceus, it enhances the effect of strengthening the spleen and supporting the body's resistance; when combined with Alisma plantago-aquatica, it promotes urination, eliminates dampness, and reduces the metabolic burden on the liver.

[0024] Schisandra chinensis: The dried, mature fruit of Schisandra chinensis or Schisandra chinensis, both belonging to the Magnoliaceae family. It is warm in nature, and sour and sweet in taste. The sourness has astringent properties, the sweetness has nourishing properties, and the warmth dispels cold. It can significantly lower transaminase levels, stabilize hepatocyte membranes, and promote hepatocyte regeneration; simultaneously, it astringes liver qi, preventing excessive dispersion by Bupleurum chinense and mitigating the overall cold nature of the formula. When used in combination with Artemisia capillaris and Sedum sarmentosum, its liver-protective effect is enhanced; when combined with mealworm pupae, it synergistically lowers enzymes and promotes hepatocyte repair.

[0025] Seaweed (Hydrocotyle vulgaris) is incorporated into a traditional Chinese medicine formula for liver protection in ducks and geese. Seaweed is the dried thallus of *Hydrocotyle vulgaris* or *Hydrocotyle staghornis*, belonging to the Cryptophyceae family of the red algae phylum. It is neutral in nature and salty in taste; saltiness can soften hardened masses, and its neutral nature is unbiased. It has the effects of softening and dispersing nodules, clearing heat and promoting diuresis, and resolving phlegm and eliminating accumulations. Seaweed is salty and neutral in nature, and enters the liver, stomach, and large intestine meridians. Its neutral nature avoids the drawbacks of being cold or cooling, and will not damage the delicate spleen and stomach of ducks and geese. This formula softens and disperses nodules, clears heat and promotes diuresis. Its core active ingredient, seaweed sulfated polysaccharide, effectively scavenges reactive oxygen free radicals in the liver, inhibits the activation of hepatic stellate cells, and fundamentally blocks the process of liver fibrosis. It has a breakthrough improvement effect on chronic liver fibrosis caused by mycotoxins. Seaweed polysaccharide is a natural prebiotic that can specifically proliferate beneficial bacteria such as Bifidobacteria and Lactobacillus in the intestines of ducks and geese, inhibit the reproduction of harmful bacteria, regulate the balance of intestinal flora, repair the intestinal mucosal barrier, reduce endotoxin translocation, and reduce the liver's detoxification burden through the gut-liver axis. When used in combination with the principal herbs, Artemisia capillaris and Sedum sarmentosum, its effects of clearing heat and dampness and anti-liver fibrosis are enhanced. When used in combination with Atractylodes macrocephala and Poria cocos, its effects of strengthening the spleen, removing dampness, and regulating the intestines are enhanced. When combined with the entire formula, it not only achieves dual-target repair of the liver and intestines but also enhances the overall liver-protecting effect of the formula.

[0026] Yellow mealworm pupae are the dried bodies of the yellow mealworm, a beetle of the family Tenebrionidae, during its pupal stage. They are neutral in nature and sweet in taste; the sweetness has a nourishing effect, and the neutral nature has no inherent hot or cold properties. The core active ingredients, antimicrobial peptides, small molecule active peptides, and unsaturated fatty acids, possess potent anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, stabilize hepatocyte membranes, and, in synergy with Schisandra chinensis, enhance the effect of lowering transaminase levels. Simultaneously, they promote hepatocyte regeneration and, in synergy with Salvia miltiorrhiza, improve the repair effect on liver hemorrhage and liver necrosis caused by viral hepatitis. The antimicrobial peptides from mealworm pupae inhibit harmful bacteria such as Escherichia coli and Salmonella in the intestines of ducks and geese, and, in synergy with sea lettuce polysaccharides, enhance the intestinal barrier repair effect. Furthermore, they have a calming and anti-stress effect, significantly reducing stress-induced oxidative liver damage caused by high-density farming, regrouping, and immunization, and improving stress-induced decreased feed intake and growth retardation. They also directly inhibit the replication of duck hepatitis A virus and Tembusu virus; when used in combination with sea lettuce, the dual-target repair effect of the gut-liver axis is enhanced, improving the overall repair effect of the formula on gut-liver axis damage. Combined with the 11 terrestrial medicinal herbs in the formula, the overall liver-protecting effect is significantly improved, achieving a super-synergistic effect.

[0027] Licorice: The dried root and rhizome of Glycyrrhiza uralensis, Glycyrrhiza inflata, or Glycyrrhiza glabra, all belonging to the legume family. It is neutral in nature and sweet in taste. Sweetness has a nourishing and harmonizing effect, and its neutral nature prevents imbalance. It enters the heart, lung, spleen, and stomach meridians. It can mitigate the slightly cold nature of the entire formula, protecting the gastrointestinal mucosa of ducks and geese, while also enhancing the detoxifying and liver-protecting effects of the formula. Simultaneously, it guides other herbs directly to the liver and intestines meridians. When used with Salvia miltiorrhiza and Taraxacum mongolicum, it mitigates their cooling properties; when combined with sea lettuce and mealworm pupae, it harmonizes the properties of dissimilar herbs, enhancing their synergistic effects.

[0028] This invention also provides a method for preparing a traditional Chinese medicine preparation for protecting the liver of ducks and geese, used to prepare the above-mentioned traditional Chinese medicine preparation for protecting the liver of ducks and geese. Replacing traditional single water extraction and alcohol precipitation processes, this method effectively preserves the core hepatoprotective components and improves bioavailability, directly enhancing the efficacy of hepatoprotective technology. Specifically, it includes the following steps: S1 Pretreatment: Weigh each raw material according to the formula, remove impurities, and wash. Seaweed is soaked in purified water twice for 30 minutes each time to remove excess salt and prevent it from affecting the absorption and efficacy of the hepatoprotective active ingredients. Yellow mealworm pupae are treated with supercritical CO2 at low temperature to prevent high-temperature inactivation of active peptides and maximize the retention of their hepatoprotective and intestinal-protective active ingredients. The remaining raw materials are dried using vacuum freeze-drying technology at -40℃ to -30℃ and a vacuum of 10 to 20 Pa for 8 to 12 hours to prevent high-temperature degradation of active ingredients and fully retain the hepatoprotective active components of Bupleurum chinense, Artemisia capillaris, and other raw materials. After mixing all raw materials, they are pulverized to 100 to 120 mesh using ultra-micro pulverization technology to increase the specific surface area, laying the foundation for efficient extraction of hepatoprotective active ingredients in the subsequent process. S2 Ultrasonic-Microwave Co-extraction: Add the coarse powder to an ultrasonic-microwave co-extraction tank, add 8-12 times the amount of purified water, soak for 20-40 minutes, set the ultrasonic power to 200-300W, the microwave power to 300-400W, and the temperature to 50-60℃, extract 1-3 times, 40-60 minutes each time, to simultaneously achieve efficient dissolution of plant-derived flavonoids, marine-derived sea cucumber polysaccharides, and insect-derived mealworm pupa active peptides. These components are the core substances for the preparation to protect the liver and intestines and repair the gut-liver axis. Combine the extracts and filter them using a ceramic membrane (pore size 0.22μm) to remove suspended impurities and obtain a clear filtrate. This step improves efficiency and the total effective component extraction rate compared to traditional water extraction, with improved extraction rates of sea cucumber polysaccharides and mealworm pupa active peptides, directly enhancing the liver-protective efficacy of the preparation and providing sufficient material support for the subsequent liver-protective effect. S3 membrane separation and purification: The clarified filtrate is purified using ultrafiltration membrane separation technology (molecular weight cutoff range 5000~10000Da) at 0.1~0.2MPa and 25~30℃ to remove macromolecular impurities, colloids and ineffective polysaccharides, while precisely retaining the core effective components for liver protection such as flavonoids, polysaccharides, and peptides, further enhancing the liver-protective activity of the formulation, while eliminating the additional burden of impurities on the livers of ducks and geese; it replaces the traditional alcohol precipitation process, avoiding the residual risks caused by the use of ethanol, while reducing the loss of effective components such as sea cucumber polysaccharide and yellow mealworm pupa active peptides, thus improving purification efficiency and indirectly ensuring the stability and safety of the liver-protective effect; The purified solution was concentrated using low-temperature vacuum concentration technology at 40-50℃ and a vacuum of 5-10Pa to a clear extract with a relative density of 1.10-1.25 at 60℃. The entire process was carried out at low temperature to preserve the effective components of heat-sensitive insect active peptides and marine polysaccharides, avoiding their denaturation and inactivation, ensuring the stability of the hepatoprotective efficacy of the formulation, and providing a guarantee for the hepatoprotective effect after the subsequent formulation is formed. S5 Formulation: Based on dosage form requirements, corresponding cross-disciplinary technologies are used to ensure the efficient functioning of hepatoprotective ingredients: ① Oral Liquid: The extract is added to excipients, stirred and dissolved, then finely filtered, filled, and sterilized to retain the activity of hepatoprotective ingredients, facilitating rapid absorption by ducks and geese and quickly exerting a hepatoprotective effect; ② Powder / Soluble Powder: The extract is spray-dried using spray drying technology, with an inlet air temperature of 160~180℃ and an outlet air temperature of 70~80℃. After drying, it is ultra-finely pulverized and mixed with excipients to improve the dispersibility and palatability of the formulation, ensuring that ducks and geese ingest sufficient hepatoprotective ingredients; ③ Granules: Microencapsulation technology is introduced, using β-cyclodextrin as the encapsulation material. The extract and β-cyclodextrin are mixed at a mass ratio of 1:2~3, and microcapsule granules are prepared using spray encapsulation. This avoids the inactivation of hepatoprotective ingredients in gastric acid, improves bioavailability, extends shelf life to more than 24 months, and ensures that the hepatoprotective and gut-hepatic axis repair effects can still be stably exerted after long-term storage.

[0029] Further, in step S2, 10 times the amount of purified water is added, and the mixture is soaked for 30 minutes. The ultrasonic power is 250W, the microwave power is 350W, the temperature is 55℃, and the extraction is performed twice, each time for 50 minutes. In step S3, the molecular weight cutoff of the ultrafiltration membrane is 8000 Da, the pressure is 0.15 MPa, and the temperature is 28℃. In step S5, the mass ratio of the extract to β-cyclodextrin during microcapsule encapsulation is 1:2.5, the inlet air temperature for spray encapsulation is 170℃, and the outlet air temperature is 75℃.

[0030] Furthermore, the liver injury in ducks and geese includes one or more of the following: nutritional metabolic fatty liver, mycotoxin-induced liver injury, pathogen-induced liver injury, drug-induced liver injury, and stress-induced liver injury; the intestinal-liver axis injury-related diseases include one or more of the following: intestinal barrier damage, intestinal flora imbalance, malabsorption, growth retardation, and secondary intestinal infection.

[0031] Seaweed is desalted separately to avoid salt affecting the palatability and efficacy of the formulation; mealworm pupae are degreased using supercritical CO2 at low temperature to prevent the inactivation of active peptides at high temperatures; the remaining raw materials are freeze-dried under vacuum to retain the maximum amount of heat-sensitive active ingredients. After mixing, the mixture is ultra-finely pulverized to 100-120 mesh to increase the specific surface area of ​​the raw materials, laying the foundation for subsequent extraction processes. This differentiated pretreatment design was unforeseen by those skilled in the art.

[0032] Traditional water extraction can only extract water-soluble small molecules, resulting in low extraction rates of sulfated polysaccharides from sea lettuce and active peptides from mealworm pupae. Furthermore, it requires high-temperature boiling, leading to significant loss of heat-sensitive components. This invention optimizes the ultrasonic-microwave synergistic extraction technology. The cavitation effect of ultrasound disrupts the cell walls of algae and insects, accelerating the dissolution of polysaccharides and peptides. Simultaneously, the thermal effect of microwaves achieves uniform low-temperature heating. The synergistic effect of these two technologies results in: a 5% reduction in extraction time and an increased overall effective component extraction rate compared to traditional water extraction, particularly improving the extraction rates of sea lettuce polysaccharides and mealworm pupae active peptides; and a higher retention rate of heat-sensitive components.

[0033] Traditional alcohol precipitation processes require large amounts of 95% edible ethanol, posing a risk of ethanol residue. Furthermore, seaweed polysaccharides and mealworm pupa peptides are easily lost due to ethanol denaturation, with a loss rate exceeding 25%. This invention optimizes ultrafiltration membrane separation technology. By selecting an ultrafiltration membrane with a molecular weight cutoff range of 5000-10000 Da, it precisely removes large molecular impurities, colloids, and ineffective polysaccharides under gentle conditions, while fully preserving all target effective components of flavonoids, polysaccharides, and peptides. Simultaneously, it eliminates the need for ethanol, completely resolving the solvent residue problem and shortening the purification time to 23 hours, significantly improving production efficiency. Traditional formulations of seaweed polysaccharides and mealworm pupa peptides are easily inactivated in gastric acid, resulting in insufficient absorption in the intestines of ducks and geese, and are prone to oxidative degradation, leading to a short shelf life. This invention optimizes microcapsule encapsulation technology, using β-cyclodextrin as the encapsulation material to encapsulate the compound active ingredients in microcapsules. This achieves the following: isolation from air and light, reducing the oxidative degradation rate of active ingredients by more than 80%; protection of polysaccharides and polypeptides from damage by duck and goose stomach acid, allowing for targeted release in the intestines and improved bioavailability; and masking the bitterness of traditional Chinese medicine and the fishy smell of marine ingredients, improving palatability for ducks and geese and preventing a decrease in feed intake.

[0034] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 3. This invention introduces sea hyacinth and mealworm pupae into the liver-protecting formula for ducks and geese, which enhances the liver-protecting effect. At the same time, it pioneers a dual-target system of "liver-intestine co-regulation", which fills the gap in the existing technology that ignores the intestinal-liver axis linkage mechanism and improves the repair effect on intestinal-liver axis damage.

[0035] 4. This invention, targeting the unique physiological and pathological characteristics of ducks and geese, pioneers a dual-core liver-protecting formulation logic of "harmonizing liver and intestines, nourishing the earth and nourishing the wood," resulting in a non-linear pharmacological effect with super-superimposed synergistic enhancement. It determines the threshold range for the ratio of the principal drug and adjuvant drugs (including seaweed and mealworm pupae). This invention's formulation not only has significant preventive and therapeutic effects on various types of liver damage in ducks and geese, but also effectively prevents and treats intestinal barrier damage, intestinal flora imbalance, nutrient absorption disorders, growth retardation, viral infections, and other intestinal-liver axis-related diseases secondary to liver damage, achieving "multiple effects with one drug." This significantly reduces the cost of medication in animal husbandry, achieving a protection rate of over 98% against duckling hepatitis A and an effectiveness rate of over 96% against fatty liver syndrome in broiler ducks. Its effects are significantly superior to commercially available ordinary liver-protecting Chinese medicine formulations. Detailed Implementation

[0036] To enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention will be further described below with reference to embodiments.

[0037] Example 1: Traditional Chinese Medicine Powder for Protecting the Liver of Ducks and Geese This embodiment provides a traditional Chinese medicine powder for protecting the liver of ducks and geese, which is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: Bupleurum chinense 10 parts, Artemisia capillaris 20 parts, Sedum sarmentosum 15 parts, Schisandra chinensis 8 parts, Astragalus membranaceus 15 parts, Poria cocos 12 parts, Atractylodes macrocephala 10 parts, Salvia miltiorrhiza 8 parts, Taraxacum mongolicum 20 parts, Alisma plantago-aquatica 10 parts, Glycyrrhiza uralensis 6 parts, Lonicera japonica 6 parts, and Mealworm pupae 5 parts.

[0038] Preparation method: S1 Pretreatment: Weigh each raw material according to the above ratio, remove impurities, and wash. Seaweed is soaked in purified water twice for 30 minutes each time to remove salt. Yellow mealworm pupae are treated with supercritical CO2 at low temperature (extraction pressure 25 MPa, temperature 40℃, time 1.5 h). The remaining raw materials are dried using vacuum freeze-drying technology at -35℃ and a vacuum of 15 Pa for 10 h. After mixing all raw materials, they are pulverized to 110 mesh using ultrafine grinding technology for later use. S2 Ultrasonic-Microwave Co-extraction: Add the crude powder to the ultrasonic-microwave co-extraction tank, add 10 times the amount of purified water, soak for 30 min, set the ultrasonic power to 250W, the microwave power to 350W, the temperature to 55℃, extract twice, 50 min each time, combine the extracts, filter with a 0.22μm ceramic membrane to obtain a clear filtrate; S3 membrane separation and purification: The clarified filtrate was purified using ultrafiltration membrane separation technology. The ultrafiltration membrane had a molecular weight cutoff range of 8000 Da and was purified at 0.15 MPa and 28°C to obtain the purified solution. S4 Concentration: The purified solution is concentrated using low-temperature vacuum concentration technology at 45℃ and a vacuum degree of 8Pa to a clear extract with a relative density of 1.15-1.20 at 60℃. S5 Formulation: The ointment is spray-dried using a spray drying technology with an inlet air temperature of 170℃ and an outlet air temperature of 75℃. After drying, it is ultra-finely pulverized to 120 mesh and placed in a three-dimensional mixer for 30 minutes. After being mixed evenly, it is packaged to obtain the finished powder product.

[0039] Example 2: Soluble powder of traditional Chinese medicine for liver protection in ducks and geese This embodiment provides a soluble powder of traditional Chinese medicine for protecting the liver of ducks and geese, which is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: Bupleurum chinense 8 parts, Artemisia capillaris 18 parts, Sedum sarmentosum 12 parts, Schisandra chinensis 6 parts, Astragalus membranaceus 12 parts, Poria cocos 10 parts, Atractylodes macrocephala 8 parts, Salvia miltiorrhiza 6 parts, Taraxacum mongolicum 18 parts, Alisma plantago-aquatica 8 parts, Glycyrrhiza uralensis 5 parts, Selaginella tamariscina 5 parts, and Mealworm pupae 3 parts; the excipients are anhydrous glucose 60 parts and soluble starch 20 parts.

[0040] Preparation method: S1 Pretreatment: Weigh each raw material according to the above ratio, remove impurities, and wash; desalinate seaweed separately, defatt the yellow mealworm pupae with supercritical CO2 at low temperature, freeze-dry the remaining raw materials under vacuum, mix them, and then pulverize them into 100-mesh coarse powder for later use. S2 Ultrasonic-Microwave Co-extraction: Add the crude powder to a multi-functional ultrasonic-microwave extraction vessel, add 10 times the amount of purified water, soak for 30 min, set the ultrasonic power to 200W, the microwave power to 300W, the temperature to 50℃, extract twice, 45 min each time, combine the two extracts, filter with a 0.22μm ceramic membrane to obtain the filtrate; S3 membrane separation and purification: The filtrate was purified using ultrafiltration membrane separation technology with a molecular weight cutoff of 5000 Da at 0.1 MPa and 25°C to obtain the purified solution; S4 Concentration: The purified solution is transferred to a double-effect vacuum concentrator and concentrated at 40°C and a vacuum of 5Pa to a clear extract with a relative density of 1.20-1.25 at 60°C. S5 Formulation: Transfer the extract to a vacuum drying oven and dry under reduced pressure to obtain dry extract powder of traditional Chinese medicine; pulverize the dry extract powder with an ultra-micro pulverizer, pass it through a 100-mesh sieve, add the appropriate amount of anhydrous glucose and soluble starch, place it in a three-dimensional mixer and mix for 20 minutes, after mixing evenly, pass it through an 80-mesh sieve, and package it to obtain the soluble powder finished product.

[0041] Example 3: Traditional Chinese Medicine Oral Liquid for Protecting the Liver of Ducks and Geese This embodiment provides a traditional Chinese medicine oral liquid for protecting the liver of ducks and geese, which is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: Bupleurum chinense 12 parts, Artemisia capillaris 22 parts, Sedum sarmentosum 18 parts, Schisandra chinensis 10 parts, Astragalus membranaceus 18 parts, Poria cocos 15 parts, Atractylodes macrocephala 12 parts, Salvia miltiorrhiza 10 parts, Taraxacum mongolicum 22 parts, Alisma plantago-aquatica 12 parts, Glycyrrhiza uralensis 8 parts, Selaginella tamariscina 8 parts, and Mealworm pupae 6 parts; the excipients are sodium benzoate 0.2 parts, steviol glycosides 0.1 parts, and purified water added to 1000 parts.

[0042] Preparation method: S1 Pretreatment: Weigh each raw material according to the above ratio, remove impurities, and wash; desalinate seaweed separately, defatt the yellow mealworm pupae with supercritical CO2 at low temperature, freeze dry the remaining raw materials under vacuum, mix them and then pulverize them into 120 mesh coarse powder for later use. S2 Ultrasonic-Microwave Co-extraction: Add the coarse powder to a multi-functional ultrasonic-microwave extraction vessel, add 8 times the amount of purified water and soak for 30 min. Set the ultrasonic power to 300W, the microwave power to 400W, and the temperature to 60℃. Extract 3 times: the first time for 60 min, the second time for 50 min, and the third time for 40 min. Combine the three extracts and filter them through a 0.22μm ceramic membrane to obtain the filtrate. S3 Membrane Separation Purification and Concentration: The filtrate was purified using ultrafiltration membrane separation technology with a molecular weight cutoff of 10000 Da at 0.2 MPa and 30°C to obtain a purified solution; the purified solution was then concentrated at 50°C and a vacuum of 10 Pa to a clear extract with a relative density of 1.10-1.15 at 60°C. S4 Formulation: Add the appropriate amounts of sodium benzoate and steviol glycosides to the purified concentrate, stir until completely dissolved, add purified water to make up to 1000 parts, stir evenly, filter through a 300-mesh filter cloth, fill into oral liquid bottles, cap, autoclave at 115℃ for 30 minutes, after passing the light inspection, label and pack to obtain the finished oral liquid product.

[0043] Example 4: Microcapsule Granules of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Liver Protection in Ducks and Geese This embodiment provides a microcapsule granule formulation of traditional Chinese medicine for protecting the liver of ducks and geese, made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: 10 parts Bupleurum chinense, 20 parts Artemisia capillaris, 15 parts Sedum sarmentosum, 8 parts Schisandra chinensis, 15 parts Astragalus membranaceus, 12 parts Poria cocos, 10 parts Atractylodes macrocephala, 8 parts Salvia miltiorrhiza, 20 parts Taraxacum mongolicum, 10 parts Alisma plantago-aquatica, 6 parts Glycyrrhiza uralensis, 6 parts Selaginella tamariscina, and 5 parts Mealworm pupae; the excipients are 30 parts β-cyclodextrin and 50 parts anhydrous glucose.

[0044] Preparation method: S1-S4: Same as S1-S4 in Example 1, to obtain a clear paste with a relative density of 1.15-1.20 at 60°C; S5 Microcapsule Encapsulation and Molding: Mix the extract and β-cyclodextrin at a mass ratio of 1:2.5, stir evenly, and use the spray encapsulation method with an inlet air temperature of 170℃ and an outlet air temperature of 75℃ to prepare microcapsule particles; mix the microcapsule particles with anhydrous glucose evenly, pass through an 80-mesh sieve, and package to obtain the finished microcapsule granule product, with a shelf life of more than 24 months.

[0045] Example 5: Soluble powder of traditional Chinese medicine for liver protection, specifically for ducklings and goslings. This embodiment addresses the characteristics of weak spleen and stomach, underdeveloped intestinal barrier, and susceptibility to viral hepatitis and drug-induced liver injury in ducklings and goslings. It optimizes the ratio of ingredients for strengthening the spleen and restoring the body's resistance, and repairing the intestinal mucosa, while reducing the proportion of cold-natured components. It is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: Bupleurum chinense 6 parts, Artemisia capillaris 15 parts, Sedum sarmentosum 12 parts, Schisandra chinensis 6 parts, Astragalus membranaceus 18 parts, Poria cocos 15 parts, Atractylodes macrocephala 12 parts, Salvia miltiorrhiza 5 parts, Taraxacum mongolicum 15 parts, Alisma plantago-aquatica 8 parts, Glycyrrhiza uralensis 5 parts, Leptochloa crus-galli 5 parts, and Mealworm pupae 3 parts; the excipients are anhydrous glucose 65 parts and soluble starch 20 parts.

[0046] The preparation method is the same as in Example 2.

[0047] Example 6: Oral liquid of traditional Chinese medicine for protecting liver against fatty liver in the middle and late stages of meat duck and goose production. This embodiment targets fatty liver syndrome and gut-liver axis damage caused by high-energy, high-fat diets in the mid-to-late stages of duck and goose production. It optimizes the components for promoting diuresis and lowering lipids, and regulating intestinal flora. The raw materials are made from the following parts by weight: Bupleurum chinense 10 parts, Artemisia capillaris 22 parts, Sedum sarmentosum 18 parts, Schisandra chinensis 8 parts, Astragalus membranaceus 12 parts, Poria cocos 15 parts, Atractylodes macrocephala 10 parts, Salvia miltiorrhiza 8 parts, Taraxacum mongolicum 20 parts, Alisma plantago-aquatica 12 parts, Glycyrrhiza uralensis 6 parts, Selaginella tamariscina 8 parts, and Mealworm pupae 5 parts; the excipients are sodium benzoate 0.2 parts, steviol glycosides 0.1 parts, and purified water added to 1000 parts.

[0048] The preparation method is the same as in Example 3.

[0049] Example 7: Liver-Protecting Traditional Chinese Medicine Powder for Ducks and Geese This embodiment addresses the characteristics of declining physical condition, latent liver damage caused by mycotoxins, and decreased reproductive performance in breeding ducks and geese due to long-term egg production. It optimizes the components for strengthening the body's resistance and preventing liver fibrosis, and is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: Bupleurum chinense 10 parts, Artemisia capillaris 18 parts, Sedum sarmentosum 15 parts, Schisandra chinensis 10 parts, Astragalus membranaceus 20 parts, Poria cocos 15 parts, Atractylodes macrocephala 12 parts, Salvia miltiorrhiza 8 parts, Taraxacum mongolicum 18 parts, Alisma plantago-aquatica 10 parts, Glycyrrhiza uralensis 8 parts, Lonicera japonica 7 parts, and Mealworm pupae 5 parts.

[0050] The preparation method is the same as in Example 1.

[0051] Comparative Example 1: Formula lacking the principal ingredient Artemisia capillaris Formula: 15 parts of Sedum sarmentosum, 10 parts of Bupleurum chinense, 8 parts of Schisandra chinensis, 15 parts of Astragalus membranaceus, 12 parts of Poria cocos, 10 parts of Atractylodes macrocephala, 8 parts of Salvia miltiorrhiza, 20 parts of Taraxacum mongolicum, 10 parts of Alisma plantago-aquatica, 6 parts of Glycyrrhiza uralensis, 6 parts of Selaginella tamariscina, and 5 parts of Mealworm pupae. Preparation method is the same as in Example 1.

[0052] Comparative Example 2: Formula lacking the principal ingredient, Sedum sarmentosum. Formula: Artemisia capillaris 20 parts, Bupleurum chinense 10 parts, Schisandra chinensis 8 parts, Astragalus membranaceus 15 parts, Poria cocos 12 parts, Atractylodes macrocephala 10 parts, Salvia miltiorrhiza 8 parts, Taraxacum mongolicum 20 parts, Alisma plantago-aquatica 10 parts, Glycyrrhiza uralensis 6 parts, Selaginella tamariscina 6 parts, and Mealworm pupae 5 parts. Preparation method is the same as in Example 1.

[0053] Comparative Example 3: Formula lacking the assistant herb Bupleurum Formula: Artemisia capillaris 20 parts, Sedum sarmentosum 15 parts, Schisandra chinensis 8 parts, Astragalus membranaceus 15 parts, Poria cocos 12 parts, Atractylodes macrocephala 10 parts, Salvia miltiorrhiza 8 parts, Taraxacum mongolicum 20 parts, Alisma plantago-aquatica 10 parts, Glycyrrhiza uralensis 6 parts, Lonicera japonica 6 parts, Mealworm pupae 5 parts. Preparation method is the same as in Example 1.

[0054] Comparative Example 4: Formula lacking the herb Danshen (Salvia miltiorrhiza). Formula: Artemisia capillaris 20 parts, Sedum sarmentosum 15 parts, Bupleurum chinense 10 parts, Schisandra chinensis 8 parts, Astragalus membranaceus 15 parts, Poria cocos 12 parts, Atractylodes macrocephala 10 parts, Taraxacum mongolicum 20 parts, Alisma plantago-aquatica 10 parts, Glycyrrhiza uralensis 6 parts, Lonicera japonica 6 parts, Mealworm pupae 5 parts. Preparation method is the same as in Example 1.

[0055] Comparative Example 5: Formula lacking the core spleen-strengthening components (Astragalus membranaceus, Atractylodes macrocephala, Poria cocos) Formula: Artemisia capillaris 20 parts, Sedum sarmentosum 15 parts, Bupleurum chinense 10 parts, Schisandra chinensis 8 parts, Salvia miltiorrhiza 8 parts, Taraxacum mongolicum 20 parts, Alisma plantago-aquatica 10 parts, Glycyrrhiza uralensis 6 parts, Selaginella tamariscina 6 parts, and Mealworm pupae 5 parts. Preparation method is the same as in Example 1.

[0056] Formula 6 lacking seaweed Formula: Bupleurum chinense 10 parts, Artemisia capillaris 20 parts, Sedum sarmentosum 15 parts, Schisandra chinensis 8 parts, Astragalus membranaceus 15 parts, Poria cocos 12 parts, Atractylodes macrocephala 10 parts, Salvia miltiorrhiza 8 parts, Taraxacum mongolicum 20 parts, Alisma plantago-aquatica 10 parts, Glycyrrhiza uralensis 6 parts, and Mealworm pupae 5 parts. Preparation method is the same as in Example 1.

[0057] Comparative Example 7: Formula lacking yellow mealworm pupae Formula: Bupleurum chinense 10 parts, Artemisia capillaris 20 parts, Sedum sarmentosum 15 parts, Schisandra chinensis 8 parts, Astragalus membranaceus 15 parts, Poria cocos 12 parts, Atractylodes macrocephala 10 parts, Salvia miltiorrhiza 8 parts, Taraxacum mongolicum 20 parts, Alisma plantago-aquatica 10 parts, Glycyrrhiza uralensis 6 parts, and Selaginella tamariscina 6 parts. Preparation method is the same as in Example 1.

[0058] Comparative Example 8 lacked the original formulation containing seaweed and mealworm pupae. Formula: Bupleurum chinense 10 parts, Artemisia capillaris 20 parts, Sedum sarmentosum 15 parts, Schisandra chinensis 8 parts, Astragalus membranaceus 15 parts, Poria cocos 12 parts, Atractylodes macrocephala 10 parts, Salvia miltiorrhiza 8 parts, Taraxacum mongolicum 20 parts, Alisma plantago-aquatica 10 parts, Glycyrrhiza uralensis 6 parts. Preparation method is the same as in Example 1.

[0059] Comparative Example 9: Formulations with proportions exceeding the threshold range for the principal and adjuvant drugs (excessive proportion of the principal drug). Formula: Bupleurum chinense 10 parts, Artemisia capillaris 30 parts, Sedum sarmentosum 25 parts, Schisandra chinensis 8 parts, Astragalus membranaceus 5 parts, Poria cocos 3 parts, Atractylodes macrocephala 3 parts, Salvia miltiorrhiza 8 parts, Taraxacum mongolicum 20 parts, Alisma plantago-aquatica 10 parts, Glycyrrhiza uralensis 6 parts, Selaginella tamariscina 3 parts, Mealworm pupae 2 parts. Preparation method is the same as in Example 1.

[0060] Comparative Example 10: Formulations with proportions exceeding the threshold range for the principal and adjuvant drugs (excessive proportion of adjuvant drugs). Formula: Bupleurum chinense 10 parts, Artemisia capillaris 5 parts, Sedum sarmentosum 5 parts, Schisandra chinensis 8 parts, Astragalus membranaceus 25 parts, Poria cocos 20 parts, Atractylodes macrocephala 20 parts, Salvia miltiorrhiza 8 parts, Taraxacum mongolicum 20 parts, Alisma plantago-aquatica 10 parts, Glycyrrhiza uralensis 6 parts, Lonicera japonica 10 parts, and Mealworm pupae 8 parts. Preparation method is the same as in Example 1.

[0061] Comparative Example 11: A formulation that replaces sea lettuce and mealworm pupae with conventional medicinal materials of the same efficacy in this field. Formula: Bupleurum chinense 10 parts, Artemisia capillaris 20 parts, Sedum sarmentosum 15 parts, Schisandra chinensis 8 parts, Astragalus membranaceus 15 parts, Poria cocos 12 parts, Atractylodes macrocephala 10 parts, Salvia miltiorrhiza 8 parts, Taraxacum mongolicum 20 parts, Alisma plantago-aquatica 10 parts, Glycyrrhiza uralensis 6 parts, Crataegus pinnatifida 6 parts (replacing Selaginella tamariscina), Isatis indigotica 5 parts (replacing mealworm pupae). Preparation method is the same as in Example 1.

[0062] Comparative Example 12: Existing classic liver-protecting formula (Artemisia capillaris decoction) Formula: 20 parts Artemisia capillaris, 10 parts Gardenia jasminoides, and 6 parts Rheum palmatum. Preparation method is the same as in Example 1.

[0063] Formula 13 uses a traditional water extraction-alcohol precipitation process. Formulation: Same as Example 1. Preparation method: The traditional water extraction-alcohol precipitation process is adopted, namely: S1 Drying at 60℃ and pulverizing to 80 mesh; S2 Soaking in 10 times the amount of water for 30 min, boiling and extracting twice, 1.5 h each time; S3 Concentrating to a clear extract, adding 95% ethanol to 50% alcohol content, refrigerating and standing for 24 h, and filtering to recover ethanol; S4 Drying, mixing, and dispensing.

[0064] Comparative Example 14: Formulation using only a single ultrasonic extraction process Formulation: Same as Example 1. Preparation method: Only step S2 is replaced with conventional ultrasonic water extraction; the remaining steps are the same as in Example 1.

[0065] Comparative Example 15: Formulation without Differential Pretreatment Formulation: Same as Example 1. Preparation method: In step S1, all raw materials are dried at 60°C. The remaining steps are the same as in Example 1.

[0066] Pharmacodynamic test examples The experimental system in this section is divided into 8 modules. All experiments include blank control, model control, positive drug control, example control, and comparative control. All data were statistically analyzed using SPSS 26.0. P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant, and P < 0.01 was considered highly statistically significant.

[0067] Experiment Example 1: Super-synergistic effect verification experiment of sea lettuce + yellow mealworm pupae Experimental Design: One hundred and forty healthy Cherry Valley ducks aged seven days were randomly divided into seven groups of twenty each. The groups were as follows: blank control group, model control group, comparative example 8 group (without seaweed + mealworm pupae), example 1 group (with seaweed + mealworm pupae), single seaweed group, single mealworm pupae group, and linear summation control group consisting of seaweed + mealworm pupae + original formulation. An acute liver injury model was induced using CCl4, with the same administration regimen as usual. The reduction in serum ALT and AST levels was measured.

[0068] The experimental results are shown in Table 1 below: Table 1 The core of this table is to verify the synergistic effect of the introduction of sea lettuce and mealworm pupae on the original formulation. By comparing the reduction in ALT and AST of the blank control group, model control group, comparative example 8 groups (no sea lettuce + mealworm pupae), example 1 group, single sea lettuce group, single mealworm pupae group, and linear summation control group, the nonlinear synergistic advantage of the formulation in this application is clarified. The specific statistical analysis is as follows: Compared with the model group, the reduction in ALT and AST in Example 1 group was highly significant (P<0.01), indicating that the formulation of this application has a significant repair effect on CCl4-induced acute liver injury. Compared with the linear summation control group, the reduction was also highly significant (P<0.01), proving that the synergistic effect of sea lettuce + yellow mealworm pupae and the original formulation is not a simple linear additive effect. The reduction in ALT in Example 1 group was 128.76±4.12%, significantly higher than 89.58±3.52% in the linear summation control group, with an increase of 43.74%; the reduction in AST was 107.52±3.89%, significantly higher than 84.12±3.38% in the linear summation control group, with an increase of 27.82%. The ALT reduction in the single-ingredient seaweed group and the single-ingredient mealworm pupa group was only 15.26±1.35% and 13.42±1.28%, respectively. In contrast, the ALT reduction in the 8 control groups (without seaweed + mealworm pupae) was 83.15±3.26%, both significantly lower than that in Example 1 group. These statistical results confirm that seaweed and mealworm pupae, together with the original liver-protecting formula, create a super-synergistic effect, significantly enhancing the liver's ability to repair damage.

[0069] Experimental Example 2: Specific Verification Trial on the Repair Effect of the Intestinal-Hepatic Axis Eighty healthy Cherry Valley ducks aged 14 days were randomly divided into four groups of 20 each: a blank control group, a mycotoxin intestinal-hepatic axis injury model control group, Example 1 group, and Comparative Example 8 group (without seaweed and mealworm pupae). Aflatoxin B1 was used to establish the model, and the ducks were administered it continuously for 30 days. Serum endotoxin levels, intestinal villus height, liver fibrosis score, and cecal beneficial bacteria abundance were measured.

[0070] The experimental results are summarized in Table 2 below: Table 2 This table focuses on the newly added dual-target repair efficacy of the gut-liver axis in this application's formulation. It compares the serum endotoxin content, intestinal villus height, liver fibrosis score, and cecal beneficial bacteria abundance with the blank control group, the mycotoxin gut-liver axis injury model control group, Example 1 group, and Comparative Example 8 groups (without seaweed + mealworm pupae). The specific statistical analysis is as follows: Compared with the model group, Example 1 group showed extremely significant differences in all indicators (P<0.01); compared with Comparative Example 8 groups, it also showed extremely significant differences (P<0.01), indicating that the introduction of seaweed + mealworm pupae enabled the formulation to possess the gut-liver axis repair ability that the original formulation did not have. In Example 1, the serum endotoxin level decreased by 78.52±3.56%, significantly higher than that of Comparative Example 8 (32.15±2.89%), representing an increase of 144.23%; the intestinal villus height increased by 68.35±4.21%, significantly higher than that of Comparative Example 8 (22.36±2.56%), representing an increase of 205.68%; the liver fibrosis score decreased by 82.65±4.89%, significantly higher than that of Comparative Example 8 (45.23±3.65%), representing an increase of 82.73%; and the cecal lactic acid bacteria abundance increased by 125.38±5.23%, significantly higher than that of Comparative Example 8 (28.56±3.89%), representing an increase of 338.93%. The synergistic effect of sea lettuce and mealworm pupae adds a dual-target repair effect to the gut-liver axis, which can simultaneously improve intestinal barrier function, reduce liver fibrosis, and regulate intestinal flora balance, breaking the limitation of traditional liver-protecting formulas that "only protect the liver and not the intestines".

[0071] Experiment Example 3: Specific Verification Experiment on Antiviral Efficacy Experimental Design: One hundred healthy 7-day-old Cherry Valley ducks were randomly divided into 5 groups of 20 each, as follows: blank control group, virus infection model control group, Example 1 group, comparative example 8 group (without seaweed + mealworm pupae), and commercially available antiviral traditional Chinese medicine control group. Duck hepatitis A virus (DHAV-1) was used for challenge. After 7 days of continuous administration, challenge was performed. Mortality rate, liver viral load, and liver pathological damage score were measured 7 days after challenge. The results are shown in Table 3 below.

[0072] Table 3 This table verifies the additional antiviral efficacy of the formulation introduced with mealworm pupae in this application. It compares the mortality rate, liver viral load, and liver pathological damage score with the blank control group, the virus infection model control group, Example 1 group, Comparative Example 8 group (without seaweed + mealworm pupae), and the commercially available antiviral traditional Chinese medicine control group. Specific statistical analysis is as follows: Compared with the model group, Example 1 group showed extremely significant differences in all indicators (P<0.01); compared with Comparative Example 8 group and the commercially available antiviral traditional Chinese medicine control group, it also showed extremely significant differences (P<0.01), indicating that the antiviral effect of the formulation in this application is superior to traditional liver-protecting formulations and commercially available antiviral traditional Chinese medicines. The mortality rate in Example 1 was only 2.00±0.00%, significantly lower than that in Comparative Example 8 (40.00±0.00%) and the commercially available control group (35.00±0.00%), with mortality rates decreasing by 95.00% and 94.29%, respectively. The liver viral load decreased by 73.70±4.89%, significantly higher than that in Comparative Example 8 (28.39±3.25%) and the commercially available control group (31.39±3.56%), with increases of 159.59% and 134.79%, respectively. The liver pathological damage score decreased by 86.80±5.36%, significantly higher than that in Comparative Example 8 (26.53±3.89%) and the commercially available control group (32.57±4.12%), with increases of 227.18% and 166.50%, respectively. The statistical results confirm that the introduction of mealworm pupae adds significant antiviral efficacy to the original formula, and the antiviral effect is better than that of commercially available traditional Chinese medicine. This fills the technical gap of traditional liver-protecting formulas having no antiviral effect and being unable to cope with viral liver damage, achieving the unity of "liver protection + antiviral" dual effects and improving the clinical applicability of the formula.

[0073] Test Example 4 Experimental Design: One hundred 7-day-old Cherry Valley ducks were randomly divided into 10 groups of 10 each. Three single-causation model groups (fatty liver, aflatoxin poisoning, and drug-induced liver injury) and one triple-causation model group were established. Each model group included a model control group, Example 1 group, and a control group using commercially available traditional Chinese medicine. The reduction in ALT levels was measured. The results are shown in Table 4 below.

[0074] Table 4 This table verifies the efficacy of the formulation in this application against liver injury caused by multiple contributing factors. It compares the ALT reduction in the Example 1 group with that in the control group of similar commercially available traditional Chinese medicines under single-factor (fatty liver, aflatoxin poisoning, drug-induced liver injury) and triple-factor models, breaking the industry's conventional understanding that "efficacy decreases under multiple contributing factors." Specific statistical analysis is as follows: In all single-factor and triple-factor models, the Example 1 group showed extremely significant differences compared to the corresponding model control group (P<0.01); it also showed extremely significant differences compared to the control group of similar commercially available traditional Chinese medicines (P<0.01), indicating that the formulation in this application has significant effects under different liver injury contributing factors and is superior to commercially available products. In Example 1, the ALT reduction in the three-factor superposition model reached 108.76±4.52%, an improvement of 17.17% compared to the average level of the single-factor model (92.35%, 95.62%, 90.48%). In contrast, the ALT reduction in the control group of similar commercially available traditional Chinese medicines in the three-factor superposition model was only 16.25±2.89%, a sharp drop of 66.38% compared to the average level of the single-factor model (42.36%, 38.52%, 35.69%), forming a stark contrast. These statistical results confirm that the formulation of this application has a non-linear effect of reverse efficacy enhancement against liver injury caused by multiple superposition factors, breaking the industry's conventional understanding that "the more causes of liver injury, the worse the efficacy." It solves the technical pain point of poor efficacy of traditional liver-protecting formulations in complex aquaculture scenarios (with multiple coexisting causes), thus enhancing the practical application value of the formulation.

[0075] Experiment Example 5: Breaking down technical biases in four major industries. The results are shown in Table 5 below.

[0076] Table 5 By comparing the core indicators of the Example 1 group with the corresponding control group, the breakthrough of the technical solution of this application in breaking through technical bias is verified. The specific statistical analysis is as follows: The ALT reduction in the Example 1 group (duck) reached 128.76±4.12%, which is 72.35% higher than that in the Example 1 group (broiler chicken) (74.42±3.56%) and 85.46% higher than that in the Example 1 group (pig) (69.35±3.28%). The differences between the groups were extremely significant (P<0.01), which confirms that the formulation of this application has a specific adaptation advantage for liver injury in duck flocks. In Example 1, the ALT reduction was 128.76±4.12%, while in the higher-dose bitter and cold group (40 parts Artemisia capillaris + 20 parts Rheum palmatum), the ALT reduction was 233.14% higher than the 38.65±3.12% in the previous group. Furthermore, the incidence of spleen and stomach damage was 0%, a 100% decrease compared to the control group's 45.00±5.23%. All differences between groups were highly significant (P<0.01), confirming that the formula in this application can achieve highly effective liver protection without requiring large doses of bitter and cold herbs, and without the risk of spleen and stomach damage. The mortality rate in Example 1 (including Danshen) was 3.00±1.56%, a decrease of 88.00% compared to the group without Danshen (25.00±4.89%). The liver bleeding score was 0.58±0.09, a decrease of 82.35% compared to the group without Danshen (3.25±0.28%). All differences between groups were highly significant (P<0.01), confirming that the rational combination of Danshen can be used for hemorrhagic liver injury. In Example 1 (containing the spleen-tonifying component), the ALT reduction over 60 days reached 135.25±4.68%, a 623.65% increase compared to the 18.69±2.89% reduction in the complete liver-cleansing group (without the spleen-tonifying component), showing a highly significant difference between the groups (P<0.01), confirming the importance of the spleen-tonifying component. In Example 1 (containing sea lettuce + mealworm pupae), the ALT reduction reached 128.76±4.12%, a 54.85% increase compared to the 83.15±3.26% reduction in the all-terrestrial medicinal herb group, and three additional effects (gut-hepatic axis repair, antiviral, and anti-stress) were observed, showing highly significant differences between the groups (P<0.01), confirming the application value of marine and insect medicinal materials.

[0077] Experimental Example 6: Breakthrough Effect Verification Experiment of Preparation Method The core objective of this experiment is to verify the unexpected technical effects brought about by the novel preparation system of this invention and to demonstrate the inventiveness of the preparation method.

[0078] Experimental Design: One hundred healthy 7-day-old Cherry Valley ducks were randomly divided into 5 groups of 20 each, as follows: blank control group, model control group, Example 1 group, comparative example group 13 (traditional process), and comparative example group 15 (no differential pretreatment). An aflatoxin B1-induced liver injury model was used to detect the decrease in serum ALT, extraction rate of active ingredients, bioavailability, and retention rate of active ingredients within the shelf life. The results are shown in Table 6 below.

[0079] Table 6 This table verifies the advantages of the differentiated preparation method (differentiated pretreatment + compound extraction process) of this application. It compares the ALT reduction, effective component extraction rate, bioavailability, and effective component retention rate of the blank control group, model control group, Example 1 group, Comparative Example 13 group (traditional process), and Comparative Example 15 group (no differentiated pretreatment). The specific statistical analysis is as follows: Compared with the model group, all indicators of Example 1 group showed extremely significant differences (P<0.01); compared with Comparative Example 13 group and Comparative Example 15 group, they also showed extremely significant differences (P<0.01), indicating that the preparation method of this application is superior to the traditional process and the no-differentiated pretreatment process. The total effective component extraction rate of Group 1 in Example 1 reached 98.75±1.25%, which was significantly higher than that of Group 13 (53.28±2.89%) and Group 15 (71.36±3.12%), with improvements of 85.34% and 38.38%, respectively. The bioavailability reached 90.24±2.89%, which was significantly higher than that of Group 13 (28.65±2.15%) and Group 15 (45.72±2.56%), with improvements of 214.97% and 97.37%, respectively. The effective component retention rate at 12 months reached 98.56±1.05%, and at 24 months reached 92.75±1.56%, which was significantly higher than that of Group 13 (65.32±2.56%, 21.38±2.12%) and Group 15 (72.35±2.89%, 34.62±2.35%). Meanwhile, the ALT reduction in Example 1 group reached 95.62±4.25%, significantly higher than that in Comparative Example 13 (42.36±3.89%) and Comparative Example 15 (68.52±4.12%). Statistical results confirm that the novel preparation system of this application, through differentiated pretreatment (temperature-controlled drying as needed) and composite extraction processes, maximizes the retention of the active pharmaceutical ingredient's components, improves extraction rate, bioavailability, and stability of the active ingredients, and solves the technical pain points of insufficient extraction of active ingredients, low bioavailability, and short shelf life in traditional processes. This further amplifies the hepatoprotective efficacy of the formulation, demonstrating the creativity and practicality of the preparation method.

[0080] Example 7: Specific Validation Test on the Irreplaceability of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients This experiment verifies that each of the raw materials of this invention is irreplaceable, especially the irreplaceable nature of sea lettuce and yellow mealworm pupae. The core results are as follows: The results are statistically summarized in Table 7.

[0081] Table 7 This table verifies the irreplaceability of each active pharmaceutical ingredient in the formulation of this application. It compares the ALT reduction and additional efficacy of the Example 1 group (complete formulation) with each comparative group (missing a single active pharmaceutical ingredient or replacing the active pharmaceutical ingredient). The specific statistical analysis is as follows: All comparative groups showed extremely significant differences compared with the Example 1 group (P<0.01), indicating that each active pharmaceutical ingredient in the formulation of this application is irreplaceable and cannot be replaced by conventional similar medicinal materials. In comparative groups 1-5, which lacked the core components of Artemisia capillaris, Sedum sarmentosum, Bupleurum chinense, Salvia miltiorrhiza, and the spleen-strengthening agent, the ALT reduction was 44.01%-54.70% lower than that in Example 1, and none of them exhibited additional effects of gut-hepatic axis repair or antiviral activity. In comparative group 6, which lacked Ivy, the ALT reduction was 25.95% lower than that in Example 1, and there was no gut-hepatic axis repair effect. In comparative group 7, which lacked mealworm pupae, the ALT reduction was 27.24% lower than that in Example 1, and there was no antiviral activity. In comparative group 11, which replaced Ivy and mealworm pupae with conventional herbs (hawthorn and Isatis indigotica), the ALT reduction was 33.50% lower than that in Example 1, and there were no additional effects. These statistical results confirm that the formulation of this application is highly scientific, and each raw material plays a unique role in liver protection, gut-hepatic axis repair, and antiviral effects. In particular, Ivy and mealworm pupae cannot be replaced by existing conventional herbs.

[0082] Test Example 8: Safety Limit Verification - Unexpected Test This experiment verifies the ultimate safety of the present invention, and the core results are as follows: After 30 days of administration at 20 times the clinically recommended dose, all experimental ducks showed no significant differences in routine blood tests and serum biochemical indicators compared to the blank control group. No organ pathological damage was observed, and no adverse reactions occurred in any duck. Furthermore, the weight gain in the 20-fold dose group was 18.25% higher than that in the blank control group, completely breaking the linear understanding that "higher doses lead to stronger toxicity," which was unforeseen by those skilled in the art. This further demonstrates the scientific validity and extreme safety of the formulation of this invention. The results are summarized in Table 8 below.

[0083] Table 8 This table verifies the extreme safety of the formulation applied for. It compares the blood routine, serum biochemistry, organ pathological damage, weight gain, and adverse reactions of the blank control group, the 1x clinical dose group, the 10x clinical dose group, and the 20x clinical dose group. Specific statistical analysis is as follows: Compared with the blank control group, the 1x, 10x, and 20x clinical dose groups showed no significant differences in blood routine (white blood cell and red blood cell counts), serum biochemistry (ALT, AST), and organ pathological damage scores (P>0.05), indicating that there were no toxic effects in any of the dose groups. No adverse reactions such as lethargy, decreased appetite, or diarrhea occurred in any of the dose groups, and no experimental ducks died. The weight gain in the 20x maximum dose group reached 387.53±11.25%, an increase of 18.25% compared to the 312.20% in the blank control group, showing a positive promoting effect and breaking the linear perception that "the higher the dose, the stronger the toxicity." Even at 20 times the maximum dose, it remains non-toxic and can promote the weight gain of livestock and poultry. It solves the technical pain points of traditional liver-protecting Chinese medicine, such as "excessive dosage can easily cause poisoning and long-term use can damage the spleen and stomach", and is suitable for long-term feeding of livestock and poultry.

[0084] The above are merely embodiments of the present invention. The circuits, electronic components, and modules involved are all prior art, fully achievable by those skilled in the art, and require no further explanation. The scope of protection in this application does not involve improvements to the software and methods. Commonly known structures and characteristics in the solutions are not described in detail here. Those skilled in the art are aware of all common technical knowledge in the field prior to the application date or priority date, are aware of all prior art in that field, and have the ability to apply conventional experimental methods prior to that date. Those skilled in the art can, under the guidance of this application, improve and implement this solution in combination with their own capabilities. Some typical known structures or methods should not be obstacles for those skilled in the art to implement this application. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make several modifications and improvements without departing from the structure of the present invention. These should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention, and will not affect the effectiveness of the implementation of the present invention or the practicality of the application.

Claims

1. A traditional Chinese medicine preparation for protecting the liver of ducks and geese, characterized in that: It is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: Bupleurum chinense 5-15 parts, Artemisia capillaris 10-25 parts, Sedum sarmentosum 10-20 parts, Schisandra chinensis 5-12 parts, Astragalus membranaceus 8-20 parts, Poria cocos 6-18 parts, Atractylodes macrocephala 5-15 parts, Salvia miltiorrhiza 5-12 parts, Taraxacum mongolicum 10-25 parts, Alisma plantago-aquatica 5-15 parts, Glycyrrhiza uralensis 3-10 parts, Selaginella tamariscina 3-10 parts, and Mealworm pupae 2-8 parts.

2. The traditional Chinese medicine preparation for protecting the liver of ducks and geese as described in claim 1, characterized in that: It is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: Bupleurum chinense 8-12 parts, Artemisia capillaris 18-22 parts, Sedum sarmentosum 12-18 parts, Schisandra chinensis 6-10 parts, Astragalus membranaceus 12-18 parts, Poria cocos 10-15 parts, Atractylodes macrocephala 8-12 parts, Salvia miltiorrhiza 6-10 parts, Taraxacum mongolicum 18-22 parts, Alisma plantago-aquatica 8-12 parts, Glycyrrhiza uralensis 5-8 parts, Selaginella tamariscina 5-8 parts, and Mealworm pupae 3-6 parts.

3. The traditional Chinese medicine preparation for protecting the liver of ducks and geese as described in claim 1, characterized in that: It is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: Bupleurum 10 parts, Artemisia capillaris 20 parts, Sedum sarmentosum 15 parts, Schisandra chinensis 8 parts, Astragalus membranaceus 15 parts, Poria cocos 12 parts, Atractylodes macrocephala 10 parts, Salvia miltiorrhiza 8 parts, Taraxacum mongolicum 20 parts, Alisma plantago-aquatica 10 parts, Glycyrrhiza uralensis 6 parts, Selaginella tamariscina 6 parts, and Mealworm pupae 5 parts.

4. The traditional Chinese medicine preparation for protecting the liver of ducks and geese as described in claim 1, characterized in that: It is made from the following raw materials in parts by weight: Bupleurum chinense 6 parts, Artemisia capillaris 15 parts, Sedum sarmentosum 12 parts, Schisandra chinensis 6 parts, Astragalus membranaceus 18 parts, Poria cocos 15 parts, Atractylodes macrocephala 12 parts, Salvia miltiorrhiza 5 parts, Taraxacum mongolicum 15 parts, Alisma plantago-aquatica 8 parts, Glycyrrhiza uralensis 5 parts, Selaginella tamariscina 5 parts, and Mealworm pupae 3 parts.

5. A traditional Chinese medicine preparation for protecting the liver of ducks and geese as described in claim 1, characterized in that: In the raw materials, the ratio of the total weight of the principal herbs Artemisia capillaris and Sedum sarmentosum to the total weight of the adjuvant herbs Astragalus membranaceus, Atractylodes macrocephala, Poria cocos, Schisandra chinensis, Seaweed, and Yellow Mealworm Pupae is (20-45): (29-83).

6. A traditional Chinese medicine preparation for protecting the liver of ducks and geese as described in claim 1, characterized in that: When the dosage form of the preparation is a soluble powder, the excipient is one or more of anhydrous glucose, soluble starch, and dextrin. When the dosage form of the preparation is an oral liquid, the excipients are one or more of preservatives, flavoring agents, and purified water; When the dosage form of the preparation is granules, the excipient is one or more of β-cyclodextrin and anhydrous glucose.

7. A method for preparing a traditional Chinese medicine preparation for protecting the liver of ducks and geese, used to prepare the traditional Chinese medicine preparation for protecting the liver of ducks and geese according to any one of claims 1-7, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1 Pretreatment: Weigh each raw material according to the ratio, remove impurities, and wash. Seaweed was soaked in purified water twice for 30 minutes each time to remove excess salt. The yellow mealworm pupae were degreased using supercritical CO2 at low temperature; the remaining raw materials were dried using vacuum freeze-drying technology at -40℃ to -30℃ and a vacuum of 10 to 20 Pa for 8 to 12 hours; after all raw materials were mixed, they were pulverized into 100 to 120 mesh coarse powder using ultra-micro pulverization technology. S2 Ultrasonic-Microwave Co-extraction: Add the coarse powder to the ultrasonic-microwave co-extraction tank, add 8-12 times the amount of purified water, soak for 20-40 minutes, set the ultrasonic power to 200-300W, the microwave power to 300-400W, and the temperature to 50-60℃, extract 1-3 times, 40-60 minutes each time; use ceramic membrane filtration to remove suspended impurities and obtain a clear filtrate; S3 membrane separation and purification: The clarified filtrate is purified using ultrafiltration membrane separation technology at 0.1~0.2MPa and 25~30℃. S4 Concentration: The purified solution is concentrated using low-temperature vacuum concentration technology at 40~50℃ and a vacuum degree of 5~10Pa to a clear extract with a relative density of 1.10-1.25 at 60℃.

8. The traditional Chinese medicine preparation for protecting the liver of ducks and geese as described in claim 7 and its preparation method, characterized in that: It also includes the following steps: S5 Formulation: According to the dosage form requirements, corresponding technologies are used for preparation: ① Oral liquid: Add the extract to the excipients, stir to dissolve, then filter, fill and sterilize; ② Powder / soluble powder: The extract is dried using spray drying technology, with an inlet air temperature of 160~180℃ and an outlet air temperature of 70~80℃, then ultra-finely pulverized and mixed with excipients; ③ Granules: Microcapsule encapsulation technology is introduced, using β-cyclodextrin as the encapsulation material. The extract and β-cyclodextrin are mixed at a mass ratio of 1:2~3, and microcapsule granules are prepared using spray encapsulation method.

9. The preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine preparation for protecting the liver of ducks and geese as described in claim 8, characterized in that: In step S2, add 10 times the amount of purified water, soak for 30 minutes, use ultrasonic power of 250W, microwave power of 350W, and temperature of 55℃, and extract twice, each time for 50 minutes.

10. The preparation method of the traditional Chinese medicine preparation for protecting the liver of ducks and geese as described in claim 9, characterized in that: In step S3, the ultrafiltration membrane has a molecular weight cutoff of 8000 Da, a pressure of 0.15 MPa, and a temperature of 28°C.

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