A method for breeding and analyzing high-hot pepper varieties

Abstract

The application discloses a high-pungent pepper variety breeding analysis method, and relates to the technical field of pepper variety breeding, and comprises the following steps: S1: interspecific hybridization is carried out on Chinese pepper and annual pepper to breed new pepper varieties with high pungency; S2: observation results are analyzed, pepper capsaicin is determined, and a pepper strain with optimal disease and pest resistance and capsaicin is screened out; the high-pungent pepper variety breeding analysis method tests the disease and pest resistance of the pepper by releasing diseases and pests in the planting experimental area during the cultivation of the pepper, collects the pepper during the testing of the disease and pest resistance of the pepper, records the observation results of the disease and pest resistance of the pepper, analyzes the observation results, and screens out high-probability high-quality combinations in the pepper matching condition, so that the disease and pest resistance of the pepper matching combinations analyzed by the pepper variety breeding is good.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of chili variety breeding technology, specifically to an analytical method for breeding high-spiciness chili varieties. Background Technology

[0002] Chili peppers are annual herbaceous plants belonging to the genus Capsicum in the family Solanaceae. They have underdeveloped root systems and erect stems; simple, alternate, ovate leaves with smooth surfaces; flowers solitary or clustered, mostly white; fruits smooth or wrinkled and glossy; fruits are oblate, spherical, conical, or linear; seeds are pale yellow and flattened kidney-shaped; flowering and fruiting period is from May to November. Currently, chili pepper breeding analysis requires observation of the peppers and screening for high-probability, high-quality combinations based on the observation results. To breed chili pepper combinations with both high spiciness and high resistance to pests and diseases, a high-spiciness chili pepper variety breeding analysis method is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] To address the shortcomings of existing technologies, this invention provides a method for breeding and analyzing high-spiciness chili pepper varieties, thus solving the problems mentioned in the background section.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a method for breeding and analyzing high-spiciness chili pepper varieties, characterized by comprising the following steps:

[0005] S1: Using Chinese chili peppers and annual chili peppers for interspecific hybridization to cultivate new chili pepper varieties with high spiciness;

[0006] S11: Construct an experimental planting area and divide it into several experimental planting zones;

[0007] S12: Plant experimental peppers in several experimental areas and cultivate them in the same cultivation environment;

[0008] S13: During the cultivation of chili peppers, pests and diseases are introduced into the planting experimental area to test the chili peppers' resistance to pests and diseases.

[0009] S14: During the testing of the disease and pest resistance of chili peppers, collect data on the chili peppers and record the observation results of their disease and pest resistance.

[0010] S2: The observation results were analyzed, capsaicin was measured, and the best chili pepper strains with the best resistance to pests and diseases and the highest capsaicin content were selected.

[0011] Optionally, step S13: In the process of cultivating chili peppers, the step of releasing pests and diseases into the planting experimental area to test the chili peppers' resistance to pests and diseases includes S1301: collecting the types of pests and diseases that chili peppers are susceptible to at different growth stages; S1302: generating a pest and disease testing plan based on the collected pest and disease information; and S1303: conducting pest and disease resistance tests on chili peppers according to the pest and disease testing plan during the cultivation process.

[0012] Optionally, step S1302: generating a pest and disease testing plan based on the collected pest and disease information includes S13021: collecting and storing pathogens and pests based on the collected pest and disease information; S13022: classifying and storing the collected pathogens and pests, and ensuring the survival of the pests.

[0013] Optionally, S14: In the process of testing the disease and pest resistance of chili peppers, the steps of collecting chili pepper data and recording the observation results of the disease and pest resistance of chili peppers include: summarizing the observation results and assigning values ​​to each observation index to obtain the values ​​of each observation index in the observation results of chili pepper inbred lines; classifying chili pepper inbred lines according to the observation results of each chili pepper inbred line using cluster analysis, and determining the representative inbred lines of the same type of chili peppers that are closest to the median genetic distance; determining all possible combinations of representative inbred lines, and generating and converting them into basic formulas based on chili pepper breeding knowledge, and deriving the results of each index in the possible combinations; based on the derivation of the results of each index, substituting the observation results of the F1 generation of the representative inbred lines back into the basic formula for calculation to obtain an initial correction value, and iteratively calculating the initial correction value based on the observation results of F1 generation to replace the basic formula and obtain the heritability; predicting the chili pepper matching situation based on the heritability and observation results, and selecting high-probability high-quality combinations in the chili pepper matching situation according to the breeding objectives.

[0014] Optionally, after step S1: using Chinese chili peppers and annual chili peppers for interspecific hybridization to cultivate new high-spiciness chili pepper varieties, when the chili peppers are ripe, after harvesting them, it is necessary to carry out disinfection treatment on the spatial environment of the planting experimental area to remove pests and diseases in the planting experimental area.

[0015] Optionally, in step S13022: classifying and storing the collected pathogens and pests, and ensuring the survival of the pests, the collected pathogens and pests are classified and stored, and the activity of the pathogens and the vitality of the pests are ensured during storage.

[0016] Optionally, in step S14: during the process of testing the disease and pest resistance of chili peppers, collecting information on the chili peppers and recording the results of the observation of the disease and pest resistance of chili peppers, the information on the chili peppers may include the collection of information on the stems, leaves, fruits, roots, and seedlings.

[0017] Optionally, in step S13021: collecting and storing pathogens and pests based on the collected pest and disease information, the pests include diseases related to pepper anthracnose, pepper damping-off, pepper root rot, pepper white mold, pepper gray mold, pepper sclerotinia, pepper powdery mildew, and pepper downy mildew, and pests such as aphids, whiteflies, and broad mites.

[0018] This invention provides a method for breeding and analyzing high-spiciness chili pepper varieties, which has the following beneficial effects:

[0019] This high-spiciness chili pepper breeding analysis method involves planting experimental chili peppers in several experimental areas and cultivating them under the same growing environment. During the cultivation process, pests and diseases are introduced into the planting experimental areas to test the chili peppers' resistance to pests and diseases. During the testing of the chili peppers' resistance to pests and diseases, the chili peppers are collected and the observation results of their resistance to pests and diseases are recorded. The observation results are analyzed to screen out high-probability high-quality combinations of chili peppers. This method can simulate the resistance of chili peppers to pests and diseases under different pest and disease environments, resulting in chili pepper combinations with better resistance to pests and diseases selected through the chili pepper variety breeding analysis. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a diagram of the method of the present invention;

[0021] Figure 2 S13 of the present invention: In the process of cultivating chili peppers, pests and diseases are introduced into the planting experimental area to test the chili peppers' resistance to pests and diseases.

[0022] Figure 3 S1302 of the present invention: A flowchart of the steps for generating a pest and disease testing plan based on the collected pest and disease information. Detailed Implementation

[0023] The technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments.

[0024] Please see Figures 1 to 3 This invention provides a technical solution: a method for breeding and analyzing high-spiciness chili pepper varieties, comprising the following steps:

[0025] S1: Using Chinese chili peppers and annual chili peppers for interspecific hybridization to cultivate new chili pepper varieties with high spiciness;

[0026] The observation indicators include: pepper code, pepper type, maturity, node position, pollen intensity, fertility / restorative ability, anther color, anther stem and placenta color, style to anther length, petal color or special patterns, longitudinal leaf shading rate, leaf size, leaf base color, plant height, plant width, main stem height, main stem thickness, percentage of stem thickness after branching to the main stem, plant morphology, distance between 3-5 internodes, degree of purpleness of plant stems, amount of pubescence on young stems, fruit enlargement rate, fruit length, fruit width, number of folds at the fruit base, fruit tail morphology, calyx envelopment morphology at the fruit shoulder, and fruit verticality. Curvature, longitudinal spiral degree of fruit, green fruit color, green fruit color depth, color of ripened fruit, color depth of ripened fruit, gloss of fruit surface, amount of longitudinal veins on fruit surface, depth of longitudinal veins on fruit surface, amount of transverse veins on fruit surface, depth of transverse veins on fruit surface, fruit drying tendency, shape of longitudinal cross-section of fruit, number of fruit locules, flesh thickness, peel thickness, spiciness, type of flavor, degree of flavor, disease resistance, viral disease resistance, scab resistance, white spot disease resistance, anthracnose resistance, tolerance to low temperatures for 3 consecutive days, tolerance to high temperatures for 3 consecutive days, tolerance to heavy rain and low light.

[0027] S12: Plant experimental peppers in several experimental areas and cultivate them in the same cultivation environment;

[0028] S13: During the cultivation of chili peppers, pests and diseases are introduced into the planting experimental area to test the chili peppers' resistance to pests and diseases.

[0029] S14: During the testing of the disease and pest resistance of chili peppers, collect data on the chili peppers and record the observation results of their disease and pest resistance.

[0030] S2: The observation results were analyzed, capsaicin was measured, and the best chili pepper strains with the best resistance to pests and diseases and the highest capsaicin content were selected.

[0031] S13: In the process of cultivating chili peppers, the steps of releasing pests and diseases into the planting experimental area and testing the chili peppers' resistance to pests and diseases include S1301: collecting the types of pests and diseases that chili peppers are susceptible to at different growth stages; S1302: generating a pest and disease testing plan based on the collected pest and disease information; S1303: conducting pest and disease resistance tests on chili peppers according to the pest and disease testing plan during the cultivation process, which can comprehensively test the chili peppers' resistance to pests and diseases.

[0032] S1302: The steps for generating a pest and disease test plan based on the collected pest and disease information include S13021: collecting and storing pathogens and pests based on the collected pest and disease information; S13022: classifying and storing the collected pathogens and pests, and ensuring the survival of the pests, so that pathogens and pests can be released into the planting experimental area when needed to simulate the pest and disease environment, so as to conduct a comprehensive test on the pest and disease resistance of peppers.

[0033] S14: The process of collecting data on chili peppers and recording the results of their disease and pest resistance testing includes: summarizing the observation results and assigning values ​​to each observation index to obtain the values ​​of each observation index in the chili pepper inbred lines; classifying the chili pepper inbred lines using cluster analysis based on the observation results of each chili pepper inbred line, identifying the inbred lines of the same type that are closest to the median genetic distance as representative inbred lines of that type; determining all possible combinations of representative inbred lines and generating a basic formula based on chili pepper breeding knowledge to derive the results of each index in the possible combinations; based on the derivation of the results of each index, substituting the observation results of the F1 generation of the representative inbred lines back into the basic formula for calculation to obtain an initial correction value, and iteratively calculating the initial correction value based on the observation results of the F1 generation to replace the basic formula and obtain the heritability; predicting the chili pepper pairing situation based on the heritability and observation results, and selecting high-probability high-quality combinations among the chili pepper pairing situations according to the breeding objectives.

[0034] Among them, S1: After the step of interspecific hybridization of Chinese chili peppers and annual chili peppers to cultivate new chili pepper varieties with high spiciness, when the chili peppers are ripe, after harvesting, the spatial environment in the planting experimental area needs to be disinfected to remove pests and diseases in the planting experimental area so that the planting experimental area can be used for subsequent experiments.

[0035] S13022: The step of classifying and storing the collected pathogens and pests and ensuring the survival of the pests involves classifying and storing the collected pathogens and pests and ensuring the activity of the pathogens and the vitality of the pests during storage.

[0036] Among them, S14: In the process of testing the disease and pest resistance of chili peppers, the chili peppers are collected and the results of the observation of the disease and pest resistance of chili peppers are recorded. The chili peppers are collected in the following steps: such as collecting information on stems, leaves, fruits, roots and seedlings.

[0037] Among them, S13021: Based on the collected information on diseases and pests, the steps of collecting and storing pathogens and pests include anthracnose, damping-off, root rot, white mold, gray mold, sclerotium rot, powdery mildew, and downy mildew related diseases of pepper, and pests such as aphids, whiteflies, and broad mites.

[0038] In summary, this method for breeding and analyzing high-spicy chili pepper varieties involves collecting information on the types of pests and diseases that chili peppers are susceptible to at different growth stages. Based on this information, a pest and disease testing plan is generated. Pathogens and pests are collected and stored, categorized, to ensure their activity and that of the pests. The testing plan allows for the application of different pathogens or pests to a single planting experimental area according to the chili pepper's growth stage, or the application of specific pathogens or pests. An experimental planting area is constructed, divided into several experimental planting zones, and measures are taken within these zones. Protective measures were implemented to prevent pathogens or pests from leaking into the external environment during the experiment. Experimental chili peppers were planted in several experimental areas, including hybrid varieties grown by crossing Chinese chili peppers with annual chili peppers. These hybrids were then bred and cultivated under the same environment. During cultivation, pests and diseases were introduced into the experimental areas to test the chili peppers' resistance. During these tests, chili pepper samples were collected, and the results were recorded. The results were then analyzed to identify high-probability, high-quality combinations of chili peppers.

[0039] As shown in Table 1:

[0040] Table 1

[0041]

[0042]

[0043]

[0044]

[0045]

[0046]

[0047]

[0048]

[0049]

[0050]

[0051]

[0052]

[0053]

[0054] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for breeding and analyzing high-spiciness chili pepper varieties, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1: Using Chinese chili peppers and annual chili peppers for interspecific hybridization to cultivate new chili pepper varieties with high spiciness; S11: Construct an experimental planting area and divide it into several experimental planting zones; S12: Plant experimental peppers in several experimental areas and cultivate them in the same cultivation environment; S13: During the cultivation of chili peppers, pests and diseases are introduced into the planting experimental area to test the chili peppers' resistance to pests and diseases. S14: During the testing of the disease and pest resistance of chili peppers, collect data on the chili peppers and record the observation results of their disease and pest resistance. S2: The observation results were analyzed, capsaicin was measured, and the best chili pepper strains with the best resistance to pests and diseases and the highest capsaicin content were selected.

2. The method for breeding and analyzing high-spiciness chili pepper varieties according to claim 1, characterized in that: S13: The step of releasing pests and diseases into the planting experimental area during the cultivation of chili peppers and testing the chili peppers' resistance to pests and diseases includes S1301: collecting the types of pests and diseases that chili peppers are susceptible to during different growth stages; S1302: generating a pest and disease testing plan based on the collected pest and disease information; S1303: conducting pest and disease resistance tests on chili peppers according to the pest and disease testing plan during the cultivation of chili peppers.

3. The method for breeding and analyzing high-spiciness chili pepper varieties according to claim 2, characterized in that: The step of generating a pest and disease testing plan based on the collected pest and disease information in S1302 includes S13021: collecting and storing pathogens and pests based on the collected pest and disease information; S13022: classifying and storing the collected pathogens and pests, and ensuring the survival of the pests.

4. The method for breeding and analyzing high-spiciness chili pepper varieties according to claim 1, characterized in that: S14: The process of collecting data on chili peppers and recording the observation results of their disease and pest resistance during the testing of chili peppers includes summarizing the observation results and assigning values ​​to each observation index to obtain the values ​​of each observation index in the observation results of chili pepper inbred lines; classifying chili pepper inbred lines using cluster analysis based on the observation results of each chili pepper inbred line, and identifying the inbred lines of the same type that are closest to the median genetic distance as representative inbred lines of the same type of chili pepper; determining all possible combinations of representative inbred lines, and generating and converting them into basic formulas based on chili pepper breeding knowledge, and deriving the results of each index in the possible combinations; Based on the derivation of various indicator results, the observation results of F1, representing the inbred line, are substituted back into the basic formula for calculation to obtain the initial correction value. The initial correction value is then iteratively calculated based on the observation results of F1 to replace the basic formula and obtain the heritability. The combination of peppers is predicted based on the heritability and observation results, and high-probability high-quality combinations are selected according to the breeding objectives.

5. The method for breeding and analyzing high-spiciness chili pepper varieties according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S1: cultivating a new high-spiciness chili variety through interspecific hybridization using Chinese chili peppers and annual chili peppers, after harvesting the chili peppers when they are ripe, it is necessary to carry out disinfection treatment on the spatial environment of the planting experimental area to remove pests and diseases.

6. The method for breeding and analyzing high-spiciness chili pepper varieties according to claim 3, characterized in that: S13022: In the step of classifying and storing the collected pathogens and pests and ensuring the survival of the pests, the collected pathogens and pests are classified and stored, and the activity of the pathogens and the vitality of the pests are ensured during storage.

7. The method for breeding and analyzing high-spiciness chili pepper varieties according to claim 1, characterized in that: S14: In the process of testing the disease and pest resistance of chili peppers, the chili peppers are collected and the results of the observation of the disease and pest resistance of chili peppers are recorded. The chili peppers are collected in the following steps: collecting information on the stems, leaves, fruits, roots and seedlings.

8. The method for breeding and analyzing high-spiciness chili pepper varieties according to claim 3, characterized in that: S13021: The step of collecting and storing pathogens and pests based on the collected pest and disease information includes diseases related to pepper anthracnose, pepper damping-off, pepper root rot, pepper white mold, pepper gray mold, pepper sclerotinia rot, pepper powdery mildew, and pepper downy mildew, and pests such as aphids, whiteflies, and broad mites.

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