A device for detecting the wear of a polishing wheel of a metal polisher

Abstract

This invention relates to the field of wear detection technology, specifically to a device for detecting the wear of a polishing wheel in a metal polishing machine. The device includes a bracket and a crossbar fixedly mounted on the upper end of the bracket. A mounting sleeve is fixedly mounted on the crossbar, and an extension rod is fixedly connected to the ring of the mounting sleeve. An installation rod is fixedly connected to the extension rod. A polishing wheel body is rotatably connected to the mounting plate. An online monitoring and scanning component is fixedly connected to the side of the installation rod. The online monitoring and scanning component has a receiving end and a transmitting end at its end facing the polishing wheel body. This invention, through a collaborative design of non-contact real-time monitoring, contact-based precise calibration, and automatic cleaning, utilizes the high-precision signal acquisition advantages of an intelligent displacement sensor to achieve real-time and accurate detection of polishing wheel wear. This ensures polishing efficiency, extends the device's service life, and effectively improves detection stability and practicality.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of wear detection technology, specifically to a device for detecting the wear of polishing wheels in metal polishing machines. Background Technology

[0002] In the metal polishing process, the wear of the polishing wheel directly affects the surface quality and machining accuracy of the workpiece. Therefore, real-time monitoring of the wear state of the polishing wheel is of great significance. Existing technologies for polishing wheel wear detection mainly include two types: non-contact measurement and contact measurement. Laser triangulation, as a typical non-contact measurement method, offers fast response and dynamic online monitoring. However, it is affected by dust, coolant splashes, and changes in surface reflection of the polishing wheel, making it difficult to guarantee data stability and accuracy when detecting irregular wear or localized chipping. Contact-type servo mechanisms offer high measurement accuracy and strong anti-interference capabilities, but long-term contact can affect polishing efficiency, and the probe is prone to wear due to high-speed friction, shortening the device's lifespan.

[0003] Currently, although smart sensors have the technical advantages of real-time data acquisition and accurate signal feedback, existing technologies have not effectively integrated them with the two types of detection methods mentioned above. Even when paired with smart displacement sensors, some solutions are merely simple superpositions of a single detection mode, failing to utilize their signal processing capabilities to compensate for the anti-interference defects of non-contact measurement, nor to solve the probe wear problem of contact measurement through their collaborative design with mechanical structures. As a result, the technical potential of smart sensors has not been fully realized, and the real-time performance, accuracy, and practicality of polishing wheel wear detection still cannot be balanced. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide a device for detecting the wear of polishing wheels in metal polishing machines, so as to solve the problem mentioned in the background art of the difficulty in balancing real-time online monitoring and accurate detection of abnormal working conditions.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a metal polishing machine polishing wheel wear detection device, comprising a bracket and a crossbar fixedly installed on the upper end of the bracket, a mounting sleeve fixedly installed on the crossbar, an extension rod fixedly connected to the ring of the mounting sleeve, and a mounting rod fixedly connected to the extension rod; a motor fixedly installed at one end of the mounting rod, and a mounting plate fixedly connected to the other end of the mounting rod; a polishing wheel body rotatably connected to the mounting plate, an online monitoring scanning component fixedly connected to the side of the mounting rod, the online monitoring scanning component having a receiving end and a transmitting end at one end facing the polishing wheel body; a side plate fixedly connected to the side of the extension rod, a sealing cylinder slidably connected to the side plate, an intelligent displacement sensor fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the sealing cylinder, a probe slidably connected inside the sealing cylinder, and a receiving block fixedly connected to one end of the probe inside the sealing cylinder.

[0006] Furthermore, the output end of the motor is fixedly connected to a drive wheel, and the end of the mounting plate away from the mounting rod is rotatably connected to a driven wheel. The drive wheel and the driven wheel are connected by a transmission belt.

[0007] Furthermore, a transmission rod is fixedly connected between the driven wheel and the polishing wheel body, and the transmission rod is rotatably mounted on the end of the mounting plate away from the mounting rod.

[0008] Furthermore, a cylinder is fixedly connected to the side plate, and a sliding rod is fixedly connected to the output end of the cylinder. A limit plate is fixedly connected to the body of the side plate, and an opening is provided on the limit plate. The sliding rod is slidably inserted into the limit plate through the opening, and the end of the sliding rod away from the cylinder is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the sealing cylinder.

[0009] Furthermore, an isolation plate, a second sealing plate, and a first sealing plate are fixedly installed inside the sealing cylinder from the inside to the outside. The probe is slidably inserted into the isolation plate, the second sealing plate, and the first sealing plate. The receiving block is placed in the space formed by the isolation plate and the bottom wall of the sealing cylinder.

[0010] Furthermore, a baffle is fixedly connected to the probe shaft, the baffle is located in the space formed between the isolation plate and the second sealing plate, and a second spring is fixedly connected between the isolation plate and the baffle, the second spring being sleeved on the probe shaft.

[0011] Furthermore, a drive gear is fixedly connected to the rod body near the polishing wheel body of the transmission rod, and an isolation box is fixedly connected to the end of the mounting rod near the polishing wheel body. The drive gear is located inside the isolation box, and a first reduction gear meshing with the drive gear is rotatably connected inside the isolation box. A second reduction gear is fixedly connected to the end face of the first reduction gear, and a third reduction gear meshes with the second reduction gear. A lever is fixedly connected to the end face of the third reduction gear, and an opening is provided at the end of the isolation box facing the workpiece to be polished.

[0012] Furthermore, a guide ring is fixedly connected to one end of the mounting rod near the polishing wheel body, and a connecting rod is slidably fitted inside the guide ring. A cleaning rod is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting rod near the online monitoring scanning component. The cleaning rod consists of two brushes, which correspond to the receiving end and the transmitting end, respectively.

[0013] Furthermore, two fixing plates are fixedly connected to one end of the mounting rod near the polishing wheel body, and a guide rod is fixedly connected between the two fixing plates.

[0014] Furthermore, a first spring is sleeved on the guide rod, and a sliding ring is fixedly connected to the end of the connecting rod away from the cleaning rod. The sliding ring is slidably sleeved on the guide rod, and the two ends of the first spring are respectively fixed to the end face of the sliding ring and the end face of a fixed plate away from the polishing wheel body.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. This metal polishing machine polishing wheel wear detection device combines non-contact laser detection with contact probe detection. Non-contact detection ensures that the polishing operation is not disturbed, while contact detection provides accurate calibration for abnormal conditions. This solves the problems of single non-contact detection being susceptible to environmental interference and data distortion, as well as single contact detection probes wearing out quickly and affecting polishing efficiency. The detection accuracy and practicality are improved.

[0016] 2. This metal polishing machine polishing wheel wear detection device utilizes the rotational power of the polishing wheel to drive a cleaning rod to periodically clean the receiving and transmitting ends of the detection component through gear reduction transmission. This effectively avoids interference from contaminants such as dust and coolant, eliminates the need for manual intervention, reduces maintenance costs, and ensures the continuity and stability of the detection. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the mounting sleeve of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the mounting sleeve of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 4 For the present invention Figure 3 Enlarged structural diagram of section A; Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 Enlarged structural diagram of section B; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the mounting sleeve of the present invention. Figure 3 ; Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 6 Enlarged structural diagram of section C; Figure 8 This is a side view of the mounting sleeve of the present invention; Figure 9 This is a cross-sectional view of the sealing cylinder of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the isolation box of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of the isolation box of the present invention.

[0018] In the attached diagram, the components represented by each number are as follows: 1. Bracket; 2. Crossbar; 3. Mounting sleeve; 4. Extending rod; 5. Mounting rod; 6. Motor; 7. Polishing wheel body; 8. Drive wheel; 9. Drive belt; 10. Driven wheel; 11. Drive rod; 12. Mounting plate; 13. Isolation box; 14. Side plate; 15. Cylinder; 16. Limiting plate; 17. Sliding rod; 18. Sealing cylinder; 19. First sealing plate; 20. Probe; 21. Online monitoring scanning assembly; 22. Cleaning rod; 23. 24. Connecting rod; 25. Guide ring; 26. Sliding ring; 27. Fixing plate; 28. First spring; 29. ​​Guide rod; 30. Opening; 31. Toggle lever; 32. Receiver end; 33. Transmitter end; 34. Second sealing plate; 35. Isolation plate; 36. Second spring; 37. Receiver block; 38. Intelligent displacement sensor; 39. Drive gear; 40. First reduction gear; 41. Second reduction gear; 42. Third reduction gear; 43. Baffle. Detailed Implementation

[0019] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0020] This invention provides a technical solution: such as Figure 1 - Figure 11 The device for detecting the wear of a polishing wheel in a metal polishing machine includes a bracket 1 and a crossbar 2 fixedly mounted on the upper end of the bracket 1. A mounting sleeve 3 is fixedly mounted on the crossbar 2, and an extension rod 4 is fixedly connected to the ring of the mounting sleeve 3. A mounting rod 5 is fixedly connected to the extension rod 4. A motor 6 is fixedly mounted on one end of the mounting rod 5, and a mounting plate 12 is fixedly connected to the other end of the mounting rod 5. A polishing wheel body 7 is rotatably connected to the mounting plate 12. An online monitoring scanning component 21 is fixedly connected to the side of the mounting rod 5. The online monitoring scanning component 21 has a receiving end 31 and a transmitting end 32 at the end facing the polishing wheel body 7. A side plate 14 is fixedly connected to the side of the extension rod 4. A sealing cylinder 18 is slidably connected to the side plate 14. An intelligent displacement sensor 37 is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the sealing cylinder 18. A probe 20 is slidably connected inside the sealing cylinder 18. A receiving block 36 is fixedly connected to one end of the probe 20 inside the sealing cylinder 18.

[0021] In this invention, the online monitoring and scanning component 21 is directly fixed to the side of the mounting rod 5, and its position is exactly aligned with the wheel surface of the polishing wheel body 7. This ensures that the laser beam projected by the transmitting end 32 accurately falls on the surface of the polishing wheel body 7, and the receiving end 31 can also successfully capture the reflected light. The limiting plate 16 fixed on the side plate 14 has a special opening. The sliding rod 17 passes through this opening and is connected to the sealing cylinder 18. The limiting plate 16 can restrict the movement direction of the sliding rod 17, so that the sliding rod 17 can only move back and forth in a straight line, avoiding the sealing cylinder 18 from deviating during the movement, and ensuring that the probe 20 can be accurately aligned with the polishing wheel body 7. The cylinder 15 serves as a power source, driving the sliding rod 17 to move the sealing cylinder 18, so as to realize the contact or separation between the probe 20 and the polishing wheel body 7.

[0022] In this invention, the sealing cylinder 18 has a multi-layered protection formed by the isolation plate 34, the second sealing plate 33 and the first sealing plate 19 installed sequentially from the inside to the outside. The first sealing plate 19 and the second sealing plate 33 can effectively prevent dust, coolant and other contaminants generated during the polishing process from entering the interior of the sealing cylinder 18, avoiding contamination of the intelligent displacement sensor 37 and the receiving block 36 and affecting the detection accuracy. The isolation plate 34 divides the interior of the sealing cylinder 18 into two independent spaces. The intelligent displacement sensor 37 and the receiving block 36 are installed on one side, and the baffle 42 and the second spring 35 are accommodated on the other side, so that the movement of each component does not interfere with each other.

[0023] The probe 20 penetrates the isolation plate 34, the second sealing plate 33, and the first sealing plate 19. One end of the probe extends out of the sealing cylinder 18 to contact the polishing wheel body 7. The receiving block 36 at the other end is directly facing the intelligent displacement sensor 37, which allows the intelligent displacement sensor 37 to monitor the position change of the receiving block 36 in real time. The baffle 42 on the probe 20 rod is stuck between the isolation plate 34 and the second sealing plate 33. The second spring 35 is sleeved on the probe 20 and its two ends are fixed to the isolation plate 34 and the baffle 42, respectively. When the probe 20 contacts the polishing wheel body 7 and is subjected to pressure, it will compress the second spring 35 and move backward. After the pressure is removed, the second spring 35 can drive the probe 20 to automatically reset, thus preventing the probe 20 from constantly pressing against the polishing wheel body 7 and causing wear. Furthermore, in order to achieve full-width detection of the probe 20, the probe 20 can be designed as a contour roller that matches the width of the polishing wheel, so that the probe 20 only needs to measure the average wear amount; Furthermore, to achieve full-width detection of probe 20, an electric telescopic rod is installed on the extension rod 4, and the side plate 14 is fixedly installed on the output end of the electric telescopic rod. The axial movement of probe 20 is controlled by the electric telescopic rod, thereby achieving full-width detection.

[0024] The drive gear 38 of the transmission rod 11, near the polishing wheel body 7, is located inside the isolation box 13. The isolation box 13 prevents dust from contaminating the gear transmission structure and ensures smooth gear meshing. The first reduction gear 39, the second reduction gear 40, and the third reduction gear 41 inside the isolation box 13 mesh sequentially to form a reduction transmission mechanism. This mechanism converts the high-speed rotation of the drive gear 38 into the low-speed rotation of the third reduction gear 41, thereby driving the lever 30 to rotate slowly. The lever 30 is mounted on the end face of the third reduction gear 41. As the third reduction gear 41 rotates, when the lever 30 reaches the opening 29 of the isolation box 13, it extends out of the isolation box 13 and pushes the connecting rod 23.

[0025] In this invention, the guide ring 24 at the end of the mounting rod 5 near the polishing wheel body 7 provides sliding support for the connecting rod 23, allowing the connecting rod 23 to move only along the axis of the guide ring 24, ensuring that the cleaning rod 22 can accurately align with the receiving end 31 and the transmitting end 32 of the online monitoring scanning component 21. The guide rod 28 between the two fixing plates 26 passes through the sliding ring 25, which is fixedly connected to the connecting rod 23. A first spring 27 is fitted onto the guide rod 28. When the connecting rod 23 is pushed by the lever 30, the sliding ring 25 compresses the first spring 27. When the lever 30 leaves the connecting rod 23, the elastic force of the first spring 27 causes the sliding ring 25 and the connecting rod 23 to reset, realizing the reciprocating cleaning action of the cleaning rod 22. The cleaning rod 22 consists of two brushes, corresponding precisely to the receiving end 31 and the transmitting end 32, enabling simultaneous cleaning of both areas and ensuring effective cleaning.

[0026] refer to Figure 1 - Figure 11A drive wheel 8 is fixedly connected to the output end of motor 6. A driven wheel 10 is rotatably connected to the end of mounting plate 12 away from mounting rod 5. The drive wheel 8 and the driven wheel 10 are connected by a transmission belt 9. A transmission rod 11 is fixedly connected between the driven wheel 10 and the polishing wheel body 7. The transmission rod 11 is rotatably mounted on the end of mounting plate 12 away from mounting rod 5. A cylinder 15 is fixedly connected to the side plate 14. A sliding rod 17 is fixedly connected to the output end of cylinder 15. A limit plate 16 is fixedly connected to the body of side plate 14. An opening is provided on the limit plate 16. The sliding rod 17 is slidably inserted into the limit plate 16 through the opening. One end of the cylinder 15 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the sealing cylinder 18; the sealing cylinder 18 is fixedly installed with an isolation plate 34, a second sealing plate 33 and a first sealing plate 19 from the inside to the outside; the probe 20 is slidably inserted into the isolation plate 34, the second sealing plate 33 and the first sealing plate 19; the receiving block 36 is placed in the space formed by the isolation plate 34 and the bottom wall of the sealing cylinder 18; a baffle 42 is fixedly connected to the rod of the probe 20; the baffle 42 is located in the space formed between the isolation plate 34 and the second sealing plate 33; a second spring 35 is fixedly connected between the isolation plate 34 and the baffle 42; the second spring 35 is sleeved on the rod of the probe 20.

[0027] In this invention, the driving wheel 8 at the output end of the motor 6 and the driven wheel 10 on the mounting plate 12 are connected by a transmission belt 9 to smoothly transmit power and avoid vibration caused by direct transmission affecting polishing accuracy. The mounting plate 12 not only fixes the driven wheel 10 but also provides rotational support for the transmission rod 11, allowing the transmission rod 11 to stably drive the polishing wheel body 7 to rotate. The transmission rod 11 is rotatably mounted on the mounting plate 12, reducing friction during rotation and ensuring smooth power transmission. The fixed connection between the cylinder 15 and the sliding rod 17 ensures that the thrust of the cylinder 15 is fully transmitted to the sliding rod 17, thereby driving the sealing cylinder 18 to move smoothly. The opening size of the limiting plate 16 is adapted to the diameter of the sliding rod 17, ensuring that the sliding rod 17 can slide flexibly while limiting its radial wobble, making the movement of the sealing cylinder 18 more precise. The sliding fit between the three-layer plate inside the sealing cylinder 18 and the probe 20 ensures the smooth movement of the probe 20 and isolates external contaminants through the multi-layer sealing structure, extending the service life of the internal components. The baffle 42 is slightly larger than the openings on the second sealing plate 33 and the isolation plate 34, which prevents the probe 20 from detaching from the sealing cylinder 18.

[0028] refer to Figure 1 - Figure 11A drive wheel 8 is fixedly connected to the output end of motor 6. A driven wheel 10 is rotatably connected to the end of mounting plate 12 away from mounting rod 5. The drive wheel 8 and the driven wheel 10 are connected by a transmission belt 9. A transmission rod 11 is fixedly connected between the driven wheel 10 and the polishing wheel body 7. The transmission rod 11 is rotatably mounted on the end of mounting plate 12 away from mounting rod 5. A cylinder 15 is fixedly connected to the side plate 14. A sliding rod 17 is fixedly connected to the output end of cylinder 15. A limit plate 16 is fixedly connected to the body of side plate 14. An opening is provided on the limit plate 16. The sliding rod 17 is slidably inserted into the limit plate 16 through the opening. One end of the cylinder 15 is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the sealing cylinder 18; the sealing cylinder 18 is fixedly installed with an isolation plate 34, a second sealing plate 33 and a first sealing plate 19 from the inside to the outside; the probe 20 is slidably inserted into the isolation plate 34, the second sealing plate 33 and the first sealing plate 19; the receiving block 36 is placed in the space formed by the isolation plate 34 and the bottom wall of the sealing cylinder 18; a baffle 42 is fixedly connected to the rod of the probe 20; the baffle 42 is located in the space formed between the isolation plate 34 and the second sealing plate 33; a second spring 35 is fixedly connected between the isolation plate 34 and the baffle 42; the second spring 35 is sleeved on the rod of the probe 20.

[0029] In this invention, the driving wheel 8 at the output end of the motor 6 and the driven wheel 10 on the mounting plate 12 cooperate through the transmission belt 9 to smoothly transmit power and avoid the vibration caused by direct transmission affecting the polishing accuracy. The mounting plate 12 not only serves to fix the driven wheel 10, but also provides rotational support for the transmission rod 11, allowing the transmission rod 11 to stably drive the polishing wheel body 7 to rotate. The transmission rod 11 is rotatably mounted on the mounting plate 12, reducing the friction during rotation.

[0030] In this invention, the transmission belt 9 is a polyurethane toothed synchronous belt (which has low slippage characteristics and a transmission error of ≤0.5%), and a conventional industrial tensioning mechanism can be added. A tensioning wheel (with the same number of teeth as the driving wheel 8) is added between the driving wheel 8 and the driven wheel 10. With the help of the adjusting screw, the tension can be adjusted. During long-term use, the tension of the transmission belt can be compensated by fine-tuning the screw to avoid slippage and ensure the stable rotation speed of the polishing wheel body 7. This tensioning mechanism is a standard configuration in the field of mechanical transmission.

[0031] The cylinder 15 is fixedly connected to the sliding rod 17. By controlling the extension and retraction of the sliding rod 17, the sealing cylinder 18 is moved. The opening size of the limiting plate 16 is adapted to the diameter of the sliding rod 17, which not only ensures that the sliding rod 17 can slide flexibly, but also restricts its radial sway, making the movement of the sealing cylinder 18 more precise. The three-layer plate inside the sealing cylinder 18 slides with the probe 20, which not only ensures the smooth movement of the probe 20, but also isolates external contaminants through the multi-layer sealing structure, extending the service life of the internal components. The size of the baffle 42 is slightly larger than the openings on the second sealing plate 33 and the isolation plate 34, which can prevent the probe 20 from falling out of the sealing cylinder 18, and at the same time provide a force point for the second spring 35, so that the second spring 35 can stably realize the reset function of the probe 20.

[0032] refer to Figure 1 - Figure 11 A drive gear 38 is fixedly connected to the shaft of the transmission rod 11 near the polishing wheel body 7. An isolation box 13 is fixedly connected to the end of the mounting rod 5 near the polishing wheel body 7. The drive gear 38 is located inside the isolation box 13. A first reduction gear 39, which meshes with the drive gear 38, is rotatably connected inside the isolation box 13. A second reduction gear 40 is fixedly connected to the end face of the first reduction gear 39. A third reduction gear 41 meshes with the second reduction gear 40. A lever 30 is fixedly connected to the end face of the third reduction gear 41. An opening 29 is provided at the end of the isolation box 13 facing the workpiece to be polished. A guide ring 24 is fixedly connected to the end of the mounting rod 5 near the polishing wheel body 7. A connecting rod 23 is slidably fitted inside the device. A cleaning rod 22 is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting rod 23 near the online monitoring scanning component 21. The cleaning rod 22 consists of two brushes, which correspond to the receiving end 31 and the transmitting end 32, respectively. Two fixing plates 26 are fixedly connected to one end of the mounting rod 5 near the polishing wheel body 7. A guide rod 28 is fixedly connected between the two fixing plates 26. A first spring 27 is sleeved on the body of the guide rod 28. A sliding ring 25 is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting rod 23 away from the cleaning rod 22. The sliding ring 25 is slidably sleeved on the body of the guide rod 28. The two ends of the first spring 27 are fixed to the end face of the sliding ring 25 and the end face of one fixing plate 26 away from the polishing wheel body 7, respectively.

[0033] In this invention, the abnormal operating condition judgment of this device adopts a dual standard of "abnormal wear data and abnormal signal quality". Specifically, it is judged as abnormal when the normal wear rate of the polishing wheel body 7 is ≤0.01mm / min, a sudden change in wear depth ≥0.05mm in a single operation, or a wear rate exceeding three times the normal threshold for three consecutive minutes, a wear depth difference between different areas of the wheel surface >0.03mm, or the laser reflection signal intensity at the receiving end is <80% and the fluctuation amplitude is ≥15% (excluding cases of uncleaning). The data fusion of the two detection modes adopts a logic of "normal non-contact as the main method and abnormal contact as the auxiliary method". Under normal conditions, the non-contact data weight is 90% to ensure accuracy. The system is designed to balance accuracy and continuity. In case of anomalies, contact data is weighted at 70%, while non-contact data after calibration is weighted at 30%. Calibration is achieved by establishing a benchmark of Lcalibration = L0 + (S standard - S0) by initially attaching the polishing wheel to the unworn area of ​​the polishing wheel body. In case of anomalies, the polishing wheel speed is reduced to 30%, and the average value S average is taken from three uniformly distributed contact detection points. The final value L = L real-time × (S average / S calibration benchmark) is then used to correct the data and update the benchmark. The entire set of judgment criteria is based on industry-standard parameters and device detection capabilities. The integrated calibration method is implemented using existing components, requiring no additional hardware and not affecting operational efficiency.

[0034] In this invention, the drive gear 38 on the transmission rod 11 meshes with the first reduction gear 39 inside the isolation box 13. The cleaning mechanism is driven by the rotational power of the transmission rod 11, eliminating the need for an additional power source, thus saving costs and simplifying the structure. The first reduction gear 39, the second reduction gear 40, and the third reduction gear 41 match the rotational speed of the lever 30 to the cleaning requirements, preventing excessively frequent or long intervals between cleaning operations. The opening 29 of the isolation box 13 is sized precisely to allow the lever 30 to extend, ensuring that the lever 30 can push the connecting rod 23. The inner diameter of the guide ring 24 is matched with the diameter of the connecting rod 23, which can accurately guide the connecting rod 23 and ensure that the connecting rod 23 drives the cleaning rod 22 to accurately align with the receiving end 31 and the transmitting end 32. The two fixing plates 26 are symmetrically arranged to provide stable support for the guide rod 28 and prevent the guide rod 28 from bending and deforming during use. The sliding engagement between the sliding ring 25 and the guide rod 28 reduces the friction when the connecting rod 23 moves. The first spring 27 can ensure sufficient thrust during cleaning and can quickly drive the cleaning rod 22 back to the initial position during reset without affecting the normal operation of the online monitoring scanning component 21.

[0035] It should be noted that the first reduction gear 39 and the second reduction gear 40 rotate synchronously on the same axis, with a transmission ratio of 1. The total transmission ratio of the entire gear system is i = i1 × i2 × i3 = 3 × 1 × 3 = 9 (i1 is the transmission ratio between the driving gear 38 and the first reduction gear 39, i2 is the transmission ratio between the first reduction gear 39 and the second reduction gear 40, and i3 is the transmission ratio between the second reduction gear 40 and the third reduction gear 41). Through the above three-stage gear transmission (total transmission ratio 9), the high-speed rotation of the driving gear 38 is gradually reduced, and finally the rotational speed of the third reduction gear 41 is one-ninth of that of the driving gear 38.

[0036] Working principle: First, after the polishing machine is started, the motor 6 starts to work. The output end of the motor 6 drives the drive wheel 8 to rotate. The drive wheel 8 transmits power to the driven wheel 10 through the transmission belt 9. The driven wheel 10 is fixedly connected to the transmission rod 11. Therefore, when the driven wheel 10 rotates, it will drive the transmission rod 11 to rotate together. The end of the transmission rod 11 away from the driven wheel 10 is connected to the polishing wheel body 7. Finally, the transmission rod 11 drives the polishing wheel body 7 to rotate at high speed to polish the workpiece.

[0037] During the normal operation of the polishing machine and the polishing of the workpiece, in order not to affect the processing efficiency, this device first uses a non-contact method to detect the wear of the polishing wheel body 7 in real time. The non-contact detection is handled by the online monitoring scanning component 21, which is essentially a laser triangulation unit. During operation, its emitting end 32 projects a collimated and focused laser beam onto the surface of the polishing wheel body 7. After the laser beam falls on the surface of the polishing wheel body 7, it forms a tiny spot. After diffuse reflection from the surface of the polishing wheel body 7, part of the reflected light is captured by the receiving end 31, which contains an imaging lens. According to Scham's law, the light spot is imaged onto a photodetector. The photodetector converts the position information of the light spot into an electrical signal, which is then transmitted to the signal processor built into the online monitoring scanning component 21. The signal processor uses a sub-pixel-level light spot center extraction algorithm to accurately calculate the displacement of the light spot imaging point on the detector. Then, based on a pre-calibrated displacement conversion model, this displacement is converted into the actual wear depth value on the surface of the polishing wheel body 7 in real time. Finally, the wear data is output to the controller. In this way, online real-time detection of the wear of the polishing wheel is achieved without contacting the polishing wheel body 7 or affecting the polishing operation.

[0038] However, during the polishing process, a large amount of dust and coolant splashes are generated on site. These contaminants can easily adhere to the receiver 31 and transmitter 32 of the online monitoring scanning component 21, causing interference with laser projection and reception and reducing detection accuracy. To solve this problem, the transmission rod 11 drives the polishing wheel body 7 to rotate, and at the same time, it drives the drive gear 38 fixed on its rod to rotate. The drive gear 38 meshes with the first reduction gear 39 in the isolation box 13, so when the drive gear 38 rotates, it drives the first reduction gear 39 to rotate. The end face of the first reduction gear 39 is fixedly connected to the second reduction gear 40. The first reduction gear 39 will drive the second reduction gear 40 to rotate synchronously. The second reduction gear 40 meshes with the third reduction gear 41, which in turn drives the third reduction gear 41 to rotate. The end face of the third reduction gear 41 is fixedly connected to the lever 30. Finally, the third reduction gear 41 will drive the lever 30 to rotate slowly. When the lever 30 rotates to the opening 29 of the isolation box 13, it will extend out of the isolation box 13 from the opening 29 and then push the connecting rod 23 to move. The connecting rod 23 slides within the guide ring 24, simultaneously causing the sliding ring 25 to slide on the guide rod 28. As the sliding ring 25 slides, it compresses the first spring 27. A cleaning rod 22 is fixed to the end of the connecting rod 23 closest to the online monitoring scanning component 21. Therefore, when the connecting rod 23 moves, it carries the cleaning rod 22 along with it. The two brushes of the cleaning rod 22 correspond to the receiver 31 and transmitter 32 respectively. During movement, they brush away contaminants adhering to the surfaces of the receiver 31 and transmitter 32, preventing contaminants from affecting detection accuracy. Through the deceleration effect of the first reduction gear 39, the second reduction gear 40, and the third reduction gear 41, the rotation speed of the lever 30 becomes very slow, extending the service life of the cleaning rod 22 and preventing excessively frequent cleaning from affecting the operation of the receiver 31 and transmitter 32. When the lever 30 continues to rotate and no longer presses against the connecting rod 23, the compressed first spring 27 returns to its original state, pushing the sliding ring 25 and connecting rod 23 back to their original positions. The cleaning rod 22 also returns to its initial position, awaiting the next cleaning cycle.

[0039] During the real-time monitoring process of the online monitoring scanning component 21, the controller continuously receives and analyzes wear data. If the data is normal, it indicates that the wear of the polishing wheel body 7 is within the normal range, and the polishing machine continues to operate normally to polish the workpiece. If the online monitoring scanning component 21 detects a sudden increase in wear or other abnormalities, the controller will immediately issue a command to reduce the speed of the motor 6, thereby reducing the speed of the polishing wheel body 7 to avoid quality problems in the workpiece due to abnormal wear of the polishing wheel body 7. At the same time, the cylinder 15 is activated, pushing the sliding rod 17 forward along the opening of the limit plate 16, and the sliding rod 17 moves the sealing cylinder 18 together. This allows the probe 20 inside the sealed cylinder 18 to contact the surface of the polishing wheel body 7 for further contact detection. After the probe 20 contacts the high-speed rotating polishing wheel body 7, it is pushed by the surface of the polishing wheel body 7, compressing the second spring 35 backward, and simultaneously moving the receiving block 36 closer to the intelligent displacement sensor 37. The intelligent displacement sensor 37 monitors the position change of the receiving block 36 in real time and converts the position signal into an electrical signal, which is then transmitted to the controller. The controller calculates the actual wear amount on the surface of the polishing wheel body 7 based on the displacement of the receiving block 36. This contact detection, combined with the non-contact detection of the online monitoring scanning component 21, can obtain more accurate wear data.

[0040] The reason for not using contact detection alone is that although contact detection has high accuracy, the probe 20 is constantly in contact with the high-speed rotating polishing wheel body 7, which will cause the probe 20 to wear out quickly and have a short service life. Moreover, the contact between the probe 20 and the polishing wheel body 7 will affect the polishing efficiency and may even scratch the workpiece. On the other hand, although laser non-contact detection alone has a fast detection speed and does not affect the polishing operation, the detection data is prone to distortion when faced with dust interference, drastic changes in the surface reflection of the polishing wheel body 7, or irregular chipping of the polishing wheel body 7. It is an indirect measurement and cannot accurately reflect the true wear state of the polishing wheel body 7.

[0041] This device combines two detection methods, leveraging the advantages of real-time and high efficiency of non-contact detection while utilizing the high precision of contact detection to calibrate for abnormal situations, thus ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the entire detection process.

[0042] It should be noted that, in this document, relational terms such as "first" and "second" are used only to distinguish one entity or operation from another, and do not necessarily require or imply any such actual relationship or order between these entities or operations. Furthermore, the terms "comprising," "including," or any other variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not expressly listed, or elements inherent to such a process, method, article, or apparatus.

[0043] Although embodiments of the invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.

Claims

1. A device for detecting the wear of a polishing wheel in a metal polishing machine, comprising a bracket (1) and a crossbar (2) fixedly installed on the upper end of the bracket (1), characterized in that: An installation sleeve (3) is fixedly installed on the body of the crossbar (2), and an extension rod (4) is fixedly connected to the ring of the installation sleeve (3). An installation rod (5) is fixedly connected to the body of the extension rod (4). A motor (6) is fixedly installed at one end of the mounting rod (5), and a mounting plate (12) is fixedly connected to the other end of the mounting rod (5). The mounting plate (12) is rotatably connected to the polishing wheel body (7), and the mounting rod (5) is fixedly connected to the side of the online monitoring scanning component (21). The online monitoring scanning component (21) has a receiving end (31) and a transmitting end (32) at one end facing the polishing wheel body (7). A side plate (14) is fixedly connected to the side of the extension rod (4), and a sealing cylinder (18) is slidably connected to the side plate (14). A smart displacement sensor (37) is fixedly connected to the bottom wall of the sealing cylinder (18), and a probe (20) is slidably connected inside the sealing cylinder (18). A receiving block (36) is fixedly connected to one end of the probe (20) inside the sealing cylinder (18).

2. The device for detecting the wear of polishing wheels in a metal polishing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The output end of the motor (6) is fixedly connected to the drive wheel (8), and the end of the mounting plate (12) away from the mounting rod (5) is rotatably connected to the driven wheel (10). The drive wheel (8) and the driven wheel (10) are connected by a transmission belt (9).

3. The device for detecting the wear of polishing wheels in a metal polishing machine according to claim 2, characterized in that: A transmission rod (11) is fixedly connected between the driven wheel (10) and the polishing wheel body (7). The transmission rod (11) is rotatably mounted on the end of the mounting plate (12) away from the mounting rod (5).

4. The device for detecting the wear of polishing wheels in a metal polishing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A cylinder (15) is fixedly connected to the side plate (14). A sliding rod (17) is fixedly connected to the output end of the cylinder (15). A limiting plate (16) is fixedly connected to the side plate (14). An opening is provided on the limiting plate (16). The sliding rod (17) is slidably inserted into the limiting plate (16) through the opening. The end of the sliding rod (17) away from the cylinder (15) is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the sealing cylinder (18).

5. The device for detecting the wear of polishing wheels in a metal polishing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sealing cylinder (18) is fixedly installed with an isolation plate (34), a second sealing plate (33) and a first sealing plate (19) in sequence from the inside to the outside. The probe (20) is slidably inserted into the isolation plate (34), the second sealing plate (33) and the first sealing plate (19). The receiving block (36) is placed in the space formed by the isolation plate (34) and the bottom wall of the sealing cylinder (18).

6. The device for detecting the wear of polishing wheels in a metal polishing machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: A baffle (42) is fixedly connected to the rod of the probe (20). The baffle (42) is located in the space between the isolation plate (34) and the second sealing plate (33). A second spring (35) is fixedly connected between the isolation plate (34) and the baffle (42). The second spring (35) is sleeved on the rod of the probe (20).

7. The device for detecting the wear of polishing wheels in a metal polishing machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: A drive gear (38) is fixedly connected to the rod body of the transmission rod (11) near the polishing wheel body (7). An isolation box (13) is fixedly connected to the end of the mounting rod (5) near the polishing wheel body (7). The drive gear (38) is located inside the isolation box (13). A first reduction gear (39) meshing with the drive gear (38) is rotatably connected inside the isolation box (13). A second reduction gear (40) is fixedly connected to the end face of the first reduction gear (39). A third reduction gear (41) meshes with the second reduction gear (40). A lever (30) is fixedly connected to the end face of the third reduction gear (41). An opening (29) is provided on the end of the isolation box (13) facing the workpiece to be polished.

8. The device for detecting the wear of polishing wheels in a metal polishing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting rod (5) is fixedly connected to a guide ring (24) at one end near the polishing wheel body (7). A connecting rod (23) is slidably fitted inside the guide ring (24). A cleaning rod (22) is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting rod (23) near the online monitoring scanning component (21). The cleaning rod (22) consists of two brushes, which correspond to the receiving end (31) and the transmitting end (32) respectively.

9. The device for detecting the wear of polishing wheels in a metal polishing machine according to claim 8, characterized in that: Two fixing plates (26) are fixedly connected to one end of the mounting rod (5) near the polishing wheel body (7), and a guide rod (28) is fixedly connected between the two fixing plates (26).

10. The device for detecting the wear of a polishing wheel in a metal polishing machine according to claim 9, characterized in that: A first spring (27) is sleeved on the body of the guide rod (28). A sliding ring (25) is fixedly connected to one end of the connecting rod (23) away from the cleaning rod (22). The sliding ring (25) is slidably sleeved on the body of the guide rod (28). The two ends of the first spring (27) are respectively fixed to the end face of the sliding ring (25) and the end face of a fixing plate (26) away from the polishing wheel body (7).

Images