An ultra-long dam panel vertical joint water stop structure and construction method

Abstract

This invention discloses a water-stopping structure and construction method for vertical joints in ultra-long dam panels. The structure includes a mortar pad filled with grooves in the vertical joint. A neoprene rubber gasket is placed on the upper surface of the mortar pad, and a water-stopping copper sheet is placed on the neoprene rubber gasket. The water-stopping copper sheet includes a copper lug and two side wings positioned opposite each other on either side of the copper lug. The copper lug is filled with a flexible material and sealed with tape. The flexible filling material includes a neoprene rubber rod placed at the bend inside the copper lug and a polyethylene closed-cell foam board placed on one side of the neoprene rubber rod. A composite water-stopping layer covers the upper surfaces of the two side wings of the water-stopping copper sheet. Through this multi-layered synergistic seepage prevention structure, the rigid water-stopping load-bearing capacity and the flexible water-stopping deformation are adapted to each other, improving the water-stopping effect.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of water conservancy and hydropower engineering technology, specifically to a water-stopping structure and construction method for vertical joints in the face panel of an ultra-long dam. Background Technology

[0002] The water-stop structure at the concrete-faced rockfill dam panel is the core component of the dam's seepage prevention system. It not only blocks the seepage channels at the panel joints, but also adapts to dam settlement and panel expansion and contraction due to its excellent plastic deformation, fatigue resistance, and corrosion resistance. As the last line of defense in the seepage prevention composite system, it can intercept seepage water flow when the panel is partially damaged, thereby avoiding risks such as dam seepage deformation and instability, and ensuring the safety of the dam foundation and downstream environment. Its construction quality also directly determines the effective performance of the seepage prevention function.

[0003] However, for ultra-long dam panels such as the Lawa Hydropower Station, the installation length of the water-stop copper sheet is large and the requirements for seepage prevention are high. The traditional single water-stop copper sheet structure is difficult to adapt to the temperature deformation and settlement deformation of the dam body, resulting in a high risk of leakage. In addition, the water-stop copper sheet is prone to misalignment during installation and displacement during the pouring and settlement process, which affects the overall water-stopping effect. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, this invention provides a water-stopping structure for vertical joints in ultra-long dam panels and a construction method thereof.

[0005] This invention discloses a water-stopping structure for vertical joints of an ultra-long dam panel, comprising a mortar pad filling the grooves of the vertical joint, a neoprene rubber gasket on the upper surface of the mortar pad, a water-stopping copper sheet on the neoprene rubber gasket, the water-stopping copper sheet comprising a copper nose and two side wings disposed opposite to each other on both sides of the copper nose, the copper nose being filled with a flexible material and sealed with tape, the flexible filling material comprising a neoprene rubber rod disposed at the bend inside the copper nose and a polyethylene closed-cell foam board disposed on one side of the neoprene rubber rod, and a composite water-stopping layer covering the upper surfaces of the two side wings of the water-stopping copper sheet.

[0006] A further technical solution is: one side of the polyethylene closed-cell foam board is flush with the opening of the copper nose, the other side abuts against the outer wall of the neoprene rubber rod, and its outer side is tightly pressed and adhered to the inner wall of the copper nose.

[0007] A further technical solution is: the composite waterstop layer includes a composite waterstop strip covering the upper surface of the side wings of the waterstop copper sheet and a EPDM rubber sheet stacked on the upper surface of the composite waterstop strip.

[0008] This invention also discloses a construction method for a vertical joint water-stop structure of an ultra-long dam panel, comprising the following steps: (1) Fill the vertical groove with mortar to form a mortar pad. After the mortar pad reaches the preset strength, fix the neoprene rubber gasket on the mortar pad with air gun nails as a seepage-proof buffer layer. (2) The water-stop copper sheet roll is processed into shape along its length at the top of the dam; the end of the formed water-stop copper sheet is connected to the winch by using shackles and fiber ropes, and the water-stop copper sheet is lowered to the designed position by the winch traction control, and the position of the water-stop copper sheet is adjusted manually during the lowering process. (3) Turn the water-stop copper sheet over and insert the neoprene rubber rod and the polyethylene closed-cell foam plastic board into the copper nose of the water-stop copper sheet in sequence. The neoprene rubber rod is located at the inside bend of the copper nose, and the polyethylene closed-cell foam plastic board is tightly pressed and adhered to the copper nose and the neoprene rubber rod. (4) Seal the opening of the copper nose with tape, then reset the water-stop copper sheet and fix the water-stop copper sheet; (5) Before pouring concrete, the composite waterstop layer is pasted onto the two sides of the waterstop copper sheet.

[0009] A further technical solution is to seal the joint between the copper water-stop sheet and the neoprene gasket with polyurethane foam after the copper water-stop sheet has been repositioned.

[0010] A further technical solution is: the composite waterstop layer includes a composite waterstop strip covering the upper surface of the side wings of the waterstop copper sheet and a EPDM rubber sheet stacked on the upper surface of the composite waterstop strip.

[0011] A further technical solution is to inspect the copper water-stop sheet after it has been lowered to the designated position, and repair or replace it as needed depending on the damage. After the concrete is poured, a box and geotextile are used to cover and protect the water-stop structure.

[0012] The beneficial effects of this invention are: The construction method of this invention involves processing an ultra-long water-stop copper sheet on the top of the dam in one go, and then accurately lowering it using a winch combined with the slope of the dam body. The water-stop structure is then installed at the designated position in the vertical joint, and a layered protection process is used to ensure the integrity of the water-stop structure, meeting the construction requirements of high-altitude cold environment, high water head, and high seepage prevention level.

[0013] The water-stopping structure of this invention employs a multi-layered, synergistic anti-seepage structure consisting of neoprene rubber gaskets, copper water-stopping sheets, internal flexible filling materials, and composite water-stopping layers. Each layer works synergistically to achieve both rigid water-stopping load-bearing capacity and flexible water-stopping deformation adaptation. The neoprene rubber gaskets, acting as a mortar pad, block leakage from the base surface and provide a flat reference surface for the copper water-stopping sheets to ensure precise alignment. The rigid copper water-stopping sheets, as the main anti-seepage load-bearing structure, withstand high water pressure and adapt to dam and panel deformation. The flexible material filling the copper nose includes neoprene rubber rods that support the contour and provide an elastic deformation core, while closed-cell polyethylene foam boards wrap around its outer surface to fill the remaining space, providing sealing and seepage prevention, stress buffering, and protection against ice expansion damage. The composite water-stopping strip further seals the joint gaps and adapts to tensile and compressive deformation, meeting the deformation characteristics of ultra-long dams and solving the problems of insufficient anti-seepage and poor deformation adaptability of single copper water-stops. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of a vertical joint waterproofing structure.

[0015] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a neoprene gasket and a copper water-stop sheet.

[0016] In the picture: 1. Mortar pad, 2. Neoprene rubber gasket, 3. Water-stop copper sheet, 4. Copper lug, 5. Side wing, 6. Neoprene rubber rod, 7. Polyethylene closed-cell foam board, 8. Composite water-stop layer. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The present invention will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. These drawings are simplified schematic diagrams, illustrating only the basic structure of the invention, and therefore only show the components relevant to the invention.

[0018] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center", "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "inner", "outer", etc., indicating the orientation or positional relationship are based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, and are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention.

[0019] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0020] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the present invention provides a water-stopping structure for vertical joints of an ultra-long dam panel, including a mortar pad 1 filled with grooves in the vertical joint, a neoprene rubber gasket 2 disposed on the upper surface of the mortar pad 1, a water-stopping copper sheet 3 disposed on the neoprene rubber gasket 2, the water-stopping copper sheet 3 including a copper lug 4 and two side wings 5 ​​disposed opposite to each other on both sides of the copper lug 4, the copper lug 4 is filled with a flexible material and fixed with tape, the flexible filling material includes a neoprene rubber rod 6 disposed at the bend inside the copper lug 4 and a polyethylene closed-cell foam board 7 disposed on one side of the neoprene rubber rod 6, and a composite water-stopping layer 8 covering the upper surface of the two side wings 5 ​​of the water-stopping copper sheet 3.

[0021] One side of the polyethylene closed-cell foam board 7 is flush with the opening of the copper nose 4, and the other side abuts against the outer wall of the neoprene rubber rod 6. The outer side of the polyethylene closed-cell foam board is tightly pressed and adhered to the inner side wall of the copper nose 4.

[0022] The width of the neoprene gasket is greater than the width of the two side wings 5 ​​of the water-stop copper sheet 3, and the thickness of the neoprene gasket is 6-10mm.

[0023] The composite waterstop layer 8 includes a composite waterstop strip covering the upper surface of the side wings 5 ​​of the waterstop copper sheet 3 and a EPDM rubber sheet stacked on the upper surface of the composite waterstop strip.

[0024] This invention also provides a construction method for a vertical joint water-stop structure for an ultra-long dam panel, comprising the following steps: (1) Fill the vertical groove with M30 mortar. After the mortar pad 1 reaches 50% strength, fix the neoprene rubber pad on the mortar pad 1 with air gun nails to prevent slippage. (2) Special equipment is used to process the water-stop copper sheet 3 into a continuous roll shape on the top of the dam; a winch is used in conjunction with manual traction. Fiber ropes and shackles are used to connect the ends of the water-stop copper sheet 3 to the winch. The speed of lowering the water-stop copper sheet 3 is precisely controlled by the winch to effectively avoid problems such as deformation and cracking caused by the excessive length of the slope surface and the water-stop copper sheet 3 under its own weight. During the lowering process, the position of the water-stop copper sheet 3 is adjusted in real time by the manual assistant to ensure that it is accurately lowered to the designated position and to ensure the positioning accuracy.

[0025] (3) Turn the water-stop copper sheet 3 over, and first insert the neoprene rubber rod 6 and the polyethylene closed-cell foam board 7 into the copper lug 4 in sequence; cut the polyethylene closed-cell foam board 7 with a utility knife so that the polyethylene closed-cell foam board 7 is tightly squeezed and adhered to the copper lug 4 and the neoprene rubber rod 6. (4) After installation, seal the opening of the copper nose 4 with tape, then reset the water-stop copper sheet 3 and complete the final fixation.

[0026] (5) Before pouring concrete, the composite waterstop layer is pasted onto the surface of the two wings 5 ​​of the waterstop copper sheet 3.

[0027] One side of the polyethylene closed-cell foam board 7 is flush with the opening of the copper nose 4, and the other side abuts against the outer wall of the neoprene rubber rod 6, and its outer side is tightly pressed against the inner wall of the copper nose 4.

[0028] The width of the neoprene gasket is greater than the width of the two side wings 5 ​​of the water-stop copper sheet 3, and the thickness of the neoprene gasket is 6-10mm.

[0029] The composite waterstop layer 8 includes a composite waterstop strip covering the upper surface of the side wings 5 ​​of the waterstop copper sheet 3 and a EPDM rubber sheet stacked on the upper surface of the composite waterstop strip.

[0030] After the water-stop copper sheet 3 is reset, polyurethane foam is used to seal the joint between the water-stop copper sheet 3 and the neoprene rubber gasket 2 to ensure that the edges of the water-stop copper sheet and the neoprene rubber gasket are tightly sealed.

[0031] Before installing the water-stop structure, clean the vertical seam surface; after the water-stop copper sheet is lowered to the designated position, inspect the water-stop copper sheet and repair or replace it as appropriate depending on the damage.

[0032] After the concrete is poured, boxes and geotextiles are used to cover and protect the water-stop structure to prevent damage and ensure the integrity of the water-stop structure throughout its entirety.

[0033] Based on the above-described preferred embodiments of the present invention, and through the foregoing description, those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the inventive concept. The technical scope of this invention is not limited to the contents of the specification, but must be determined according to the scope of the claims.

Claims

1. A water-stopping structure for vertical joints in the panels of an ultra-long dam, characterized in that, The system includes a mortar pad filling the vertical groove, a neoprene rubber gasket on the upper surface of the mortar pad, a water-stop copper sheet on the neoprene rubber gasket, and a copper nose and two side wings opposite each other on both sides of the copper nose. The copper nose is filled with a flexible material and sealed with tape. The flexible filling material includes a neoprene rubber rod at the bend inside the copper nose and a polyethylene closed-cell foam board on one side of the neoprene rubber rod. The upper surfaces of the two side wings of the water-stop copper sheet are covered with a composite water-stop layer.

2. The vertical joint water-stopping structure for an ultra-long dam panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, One side of the polyethylene closed-cell foam board is flush with the opening of the copper nose, and the other side abuts against the outer wall of the neoprene rubber rod, with its outer side surface tightly pressed against the inner wall of the copper nose.

3. The vertical joint water-stopping structure for an ultra-long dam panel according to claim 1, characterized in that, The composite waterstop layer includes a composite waterstop strip covering the upper surface of the side wings of the waterstop copper sheet and a EPDM rubber sheet stacked on the upper surface of the composite waterstop strip.

4. A construction method for a vertical joint water-stop structure of an ultra-long dam panel, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: (1) Fill the vertical groove with mortar to form a mortar pad. After the mortar pad reaches the preset strength, fix the neoprene rubber gasket on the mortar pad with air gun nails as a seepage-proof buffer layer. (2) The water-stop copper sheet roll is processed into shape along its length at the top of the dam; the end of the formed water-stop copper sheet is connected to the winch by using shackles and fiber ropes, and the water-stop copper sheet is lowered to the designed position by the winch traction control, and the position of the water-stop copper sheet is adjusted manually during the lowering process. (3) Turn the water-stop copper sheet over and insert the neoprene rubber rod and the polyethylene closed-cell foam plastic board into the copper nose of the water-stop copper sheet in sequence. The neoprene rubber rod is located at the inside bend of the copper nose, and the polyethylene closed-cell foam plastic board is tightly pressed and adhered to the copper nose and the neoprene rubber rod. (4) Seal the opening of the copper nose with tape, then reset the water-stop copper sheet and fix the water-stop copper sheet; (5) Before pouring concrete, the composite waterstop layer is pasted onto the two sides of the waterstop copper sheet.

5. The construction method for a vertical joint water-stop structure of an ultra-long dam panel according to claim 4, characterized in that, After the water-stop copper sheet is repositioned, polyurethane foam is used to seal the joint between the water-stop copper sheet and the neoprene gasket.

6. A construction method for a vertical joint water-stop structure of an ultra-long dam panel according to claim 4, characterized in that, The composite waterstop layer includes a composite waterstop strip covering the upper surface of the side wings of the waterstop copper sheet and a EPDM rubber sheet stacked on the upper surface of the composite waterstop strip.

7. A construction method for a vertical joint water-stop structure of an ultra-long dam panel according to claim 4, characterized in that, After the copper waterstop sheet is placed in the designated position, inspect the copper waterstop sheet and repair or replace it as appropriate depending on the damage; after the concrete is poured, use a box and geotextile to cover and protect the waterstop structure.

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