A kind of recovery roadway supporting device and supporting method

Abstract

This application relates to a support device and method for a mining roadway. First, a first support member and a second support member are placed on both sides of the mining roadway, with the first side conforming to one side of the surrounding rock and the second side conforming to the other side. The first and second straight sections extend to below the top of the surrounding rock. A fixing assembly initially fixes the first and second support members to the surrounding rock. A connecting assembly connects the first and second straight sections and applies a horizontal preload to the connecting assembly, causing the first and second support members to tend to move towards the middle of the mining roadway. The preload is transmitted to the top of the surrounding rock through the structure of the first and second support members, transforming into horizontal compressive stress on the top of the surrounding rock. This improves the stress state of the top of the surrounding rock, transforming the tensile stress area originally caused by roadway excavation into a compressive stress area, inhibiting the subsidence of the top of the surrounding rock, thereby improving the support effect of the support structure, reducing the maintenance of the mining roadway, and lowering the support cost.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This application relates to the technical field of support equipment for mining roadways, and in particular to a support device and support method for mining roadways. Background Technology

[0002] With the development and increasing sophistication of mechanization in coal mining faces, and the increase in mining depth and breadth, the stress and deformation of the surrounding rock in mining roadways have become more pronounced. Furthermore, the geological conditions encountered are more complex, leading to more severe roadway shrinkage. If support and maintenance are not timely, it will seriously affect underground ventilation and transportation, jeopardizing underground production safety. Mining roadways are primarily excavated in soft rock, which is characterized by low strength, high water content, strong water absorption, easy weathering, poor cementation, and expansibility. It is also sensitive to vibration and highly fragmented. This results in existing mining roadways exhibiting significant rheological properties and large deformation. The deformation rate of the surrounding rock in mining roadways is generally high in the initial stage, gradually transitioning to a relatively stable stage. However, the deformation rate accelerates sharply in the later stages, ultimately leading to roadway failure. The short self-stabilization time of the surrounding rock and pressure from all sides present significant challenges to the support of mining roadways.

[0003] Currently, the main support structures for mining roadways use malleable timber supports, I-beam supports, and other forms of rigid supports. Under most conditions, the rigid supports and timber supports used are not adapted to the deformation patterns of the surrounding rock, resulting in poor support effects, large amounts of roadway maintenance, severe support damage, extremely low component recovery rates, excessive consumption of timber and steel, and high costs.

[0004] Therefore, how to improve the supporting effect of the support structure is a technical problem that needs to be solved by those skilled in the art. Summary of the Invention

[0005] This application provides a support device and method for a mining roadway to improve the support effect of the support structure.

[0006] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: A support device for a mining roadway includes a first support member and a second support member arranged opposite to each other. The first support member includes a first side portion and a first straight portion. The first side portion is connected to a first end of the first straight portion. The second support member includes a second side portion and a second straight portion. The second side portion is connected to a first end of the second straight portion. The first side portion is attached to one side of the surrounding rock of the mining roadway. The second side portion is arranged opposite to the first side portion and is attached to the other side of the surrounding rock of the mining roadway. The first straight portion and the second straight portion are connected by a connecting component, which is used to provide a preload force in the horizontal direction. It also includes a fixing component, which is connected to the first support and the second support and is used to fix the first support and the second support to the surrounding rock of the mining roadway.

[0007] Optionally, in the above-mentioned support device for the mining roadway, the second end of the first straight section is provided with a first connecting part, and the second end of the second straight section is provided with a second connecting part; The connecting component is used to connect the first connecting part and the second connecting part.

[0008] Optionally, in the above-mentioned longwall roadway support device, the first connecting part is arranged perpendicularly to the first straight part, and the second connecting part is arranged perpendicularly to the second straight part. The connecting component includes a first mounting hole opened in the first connecting part, a second mounting hole opened in the second connecting part, and a connector. The connector is connected to the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole and is used to connect the first connecting part and the second connecting part.

[0009] Optionally, in the above-mentioned longwall roadway support device, the first connecting part is arranged perpendicularly to the first straight part, and the second connecting part is arranged perpendicularly to the second straight part. The connecting assembly includes a sleeve, a first screw, and a second screw. The two ends of the sleeve are respectively provided with threads in opposite directions. The first screw is used to screw the first connecting part and one end of the sleeve, and the second screw is used to screw the second connecting part and the other end of the sleeve.

[0010] Optionally, in the above-mentioned longwall roadway support device, the first connecting part is arranged perpendicularly to the first straight part, and the second connecting part is arranged perpendicularly to the second straight part. The connecting assembly includes a fixing box, a first tensioner, and a second tensioner. The top of the fixing box abuts against the top surrounding rock of the longwall roadway. The first tensioner is used to connect the side of the fixing box to the first connecting part, and the second tensioner is used to connect the side of the fixing box to the second connecting part.

[0011] Optionally, in the above-mentioned longwall roadway support device, the first connecting part is arranged parallel to the first straight part, and the second connecting part is arranged parallel to the second straight part. The connecting component includes a fixing plate, a first fixing member, a second fixing member, a third mounting hole opened in the first connecting part, and a fourth mounting hole opened in the second connecting part. The fixing plate is fitted to the first connecting part and the second connecting part. The first fixing member is used to connect the third mounting hole and the fixing plate, and the second fixing member is used to connect the fourth mounting hole and the fixing plate.

[0012] Optionally, in the above-mentioned mining roadway support device, the first side portion is connected to the first straight portion through a first arc portion, and the second side portion is connected to the second straight portion through a second arc portion. The fixing component includes lateral anchor bolts and fixed anchor bolts. The lateral anchor bolts are used to fix the first side portion to one side of the surrounding rock of the mining roadway and the second side portion to the other side of the surrounding rock of the mining roadway. The fixed anchor bolts are used to fix the first arc portion to the surrounding rock of the mining roadway and the second arc portion to the surrounding rock of the mining roadway.

[0013] Optionally, the above-mentioned support device for the mining roadway further includes a first reinforcing rib, a second reinforcing rib, a third reinforcing rib, and a fourth reinforcing rib. The two ends of the first reinforcing rib are respectively connected to the first side portion and the first straight portion. The two ends of the second reinforcing rib are respectively connected to the second side portion and the second straight portion. The two ends of the third reinforcing rib are respectively connected to the first straight portion and the first connecting portion. The two ends of the fourth reinforcing rib are respectively connected to the second straight portion and the second connecting portion.

[0014] Optionally, in the above-mentioned support device for the mining roadway, the first straight section has a first positioning hole, the second straight section has a second positioning hole, and the fixing component includes a first positioning anchor and a second positioning anchor. The first positioning anchor passes through the first positioning hole and is connected to the top surrounding rock of the mining roadway, and the second positioning anchor passes through the second positioning hole and is connected to the top surrounding rock of the mining roadway. The diameter of the first positioning hole is larger than the diameter of the first positioning anchor, and the diameter of the second positioning hole is larger than the diameter of the second positioning anchor.

[0015] The mining roadway support device provided by this invention, in use, firstly places the first support member and the second support member on both sides of the mining roadway, with the first side facing one side of the surrounding rock and the second side facing the other side of the surrounding rock, and the first and second straight sections extending to below the top of the surrounding rock. The first and second support members are initially fixed to the surrounding rock by a fixing assembly. Subsequently, the first and second straight sections are connected by a connecting assembly, and a horizontal preload is applied to the connecting assembly. This preload causes the first and second support members to tend to move towards the middle of the mining roadway. Since the first and second sides are fixed to both sides of the surrounding rock, this horizontal preload is transmitted to the top of the surrounding rock through the structure of the first and second support members, transforming into horizontal compressive stress on the top of the surrounding rock. This horizontal compressive stress can improve the stress state of the top surrounding rock, transforming the tensile stress area originally caused by roadway excavation into a compressive stress area. It fully utilizes the characteristic that the compressive strength of rock is much higher than its tensile strength, suppressing the subsidence, delamination, and fracturing of the top surrounding rock. In other words, by actively applying horizontal pre-tightening force through the connecting components, the support structure is transformed from passive load-bearing to active support, which can effectively control the large deformation problem of soft rock roadways, thereby improving the support effect of the support structure, reducing the amount of maintenance in the mining roadway, and lowering the support cost.

[0016] This application also provides a support method for installing a longwall roadway support device as described in any of the above claims, comprising: Step S1: Excavate the mining roadway and clean the surrounding rock surface; Step S2: Place the first support and the second support on both sides of the mining roadway, so that the first side fits against one side of the surrounding rock of the mining roadway and the first straight part extends to the bottom of the top surrounding rock of the mining roadway. The second side is arranged opposite to the first side, fits against the other side of the surrounding rock of the mining roadway and the second straight part extends to the bottom of the top surrounding rock of the mining roadway. Step S3: The first and second supports are initially fixed to the top surrounding rock using the fixing components; Step S4: Connect the first support and the second support through the connecting assembly, and apply a pre-tightening force to the connecting assembly to make the first support and the second support tend to move towards the middle of the mining roadway, thereby applying horizontal compressive stress to the top surrounding rock of the mining roadway. Step S5: The first and second support components are finally fixed to the surrounding rock using the fixing components, thus completing the installation of the support device for the mining roadway.

[0017] The specific structure of the support device for the mining roadway is as described in the above embodiments. Since this support method adopts all the technical solutions of all the above embodiments, it has at least all the beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, which will not be elaborated here. Attached Figure Description

[0018] The accompanying drawings, incorporated in and forming part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with this application and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of this application. To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application or the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, those skilled in the art can obtain other drawings based on these drawings without creative effort. One or more embodiments are illustrated by way of example through the corresponding images in the accompanying drawings. These exemplary descriptions do not constitute a limitation on the embodiments. Elements with the same reference numerals in the drawings represent similar elements. Unless otherwise stated, the figures in the drawings do not constitute a limitation on scale.

[0019] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of the support device for the mining roadway provided in the embodiments of this application; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 1 provided in this application; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 2 provided in this application; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 3 provided in this application; Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of Embodiment 4 provided in this application; Figure 6 This is a top view of Embodiment 4 provided for the present application.

[0020] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures: First support member 100, first side part 101, first straight part 102, first positioning hole 1021, first connecting part 103, first arc part 104; Second support member 200, second side part 201, second straight part 202, second positioning hole 2021, second connecting part 203, second arc part 204, connecting member 205; Surrounding rock 300; 400mm steel mesh; Sleeve 500, first screw 501, second screw 502; Fixed box 600, first tensioner 601, second tensioner 602; Fixing plate 700, first fixing member 701, second fixing member 702; Lateral anchor bolt 800, fixed anchor bolt 801, first positioning anchor bolt 802, second positioning anchor bolt 803; First reinforcing rib 900, second reinforcing rib 901, third reinforcing rib 902, fourth reinforcing rib 903. Detailed Implementation

[0021] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of this application clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of this application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of this application, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0022] The following disclosure provides numerous different embodiments or examples for implementing various structures of this application. To simplify the disclosure, specific examples of components and arrangements are described below. These are merely examples and are not intended to limit the scope of this application. Furthermore, reference numerals and / or letters may be repeated in different examples. Such repetition is for simplification and clarity and does not in itself indicate a relationship between the various embodiments and / or arrangements discussed. In addition, various specific examples of processes and materials are provided in this application; however, those skilled in the art will recognize the applicability of other processes and / or the use of other materials.

[0023] For ease of description, spatial relative terms may be used in the text to describe the relative position or movement of one element or feature relative to another element or feature, as shown in the figure. These relative terms include, for example, "inside," "outside," "middle," "outer," "below," "below," "above," "front," "back," etc. Such spatial relative terms are intended to include different orientations of the device in use or operation, other than those depicted in the figure. For example, if the device in the figure undergoes a positional flip, orientation change, or change of motion, these directional indications will change accordingly. For instance, an element described as "below other elements or features" or "below other elements or features" will subsequently be oriented "above other elements or features" or "above other elements or features." Therefore, the example term "below" can include both upper and lower orientations. The device may be otherwise oriented (rotated 90 degrees or in other directions), and the spatial relative descriptors used in the text will be interpreted accordingly.

[0024] See Figure 1This application provides a support device for a mining roadway, including a first support member 100 and a second support member 200 arranged opposite to each other. The first support member 100 includes a first side portion 101 and a first straight portion 102, with the first side portion 101 connected to the first end of the first straight portion 102. The second support member 200 includes a second side portion 201 and a second straight portion 202, with the second side portion 201 connected to the first end of the second straight portion 202. The first side portion 101 is attached to one side of the surrounding rock 300 of the mining roadway, and the second side portion 201 is arranged opposite to the first side portion 101 and is attached to the other side of the surrounding rock 300 of the mining roadway. The first straight portion 102 and the second straight portion 202 are connected by a connecting component, which is used to provide a preload force in the horizontal direction. The device also includes a fixing component, which is connected to the first support member 100 and the second support member 200 to fix the first support member 100 and the second support member 200 to the surrounding rock 300 of the mining roadway.

[0025] Specifically, the first side portion 101 and the first straight portion 102 can be an integral structure or a detachable structure, and the second side portion 201 and the second straight portion 202 can be an integral structure or a detachable structure. The first straight portion 102 and the second straight portion 202 are used to jointly support the top surrounding rock 300 of the mining roadway. The first side portion 101 and the second side portion 201 are used to support both sides of the surrounding rock 300 of the mining roadway. In this application, the first side portion 101, the first straight portion 102, the second side portion 201 and the second straight portion 202 are preferably steel plate structures.

[0026] The mining roadway support device provided by this invention, in use, firstly places the first support member 100 and the second support member 200 on both sides of the mining roadway, so that the first side portion 101 is in contact with one side of the surrounding rock 300 and the second side portion 201 is in contact with the other side of the surrounding rock 300, and the first straight portion 102 and the second straight portion 202 extend to below the top surrounding rock 300. The first support member 100 and the second support member 200 are initially fixed to the surrounding rock 300 by a fixing assembly. Subsequently, the first straight portion 102 and the second straight portion 202 are connected by a connecting assembly, and a preload force in the horizontal direction is applied to the connecting assembly. This preload force causes the first support member 100 and the second support member 200 to tend to move towards the middle of the mining roadway. Since the first side portion 101 and the second side portion 201 are fixed to both sides of the surrounding rock 300, this horizontal preload force is transmitted to the top surrounding rock 300 through the structure of the first support member 100 and the second support member 200, transforming into a horizontal compressive stress on the top surrounding rock 300. This horizontal compressive stress can improve the stress state of the top surrounding rock 300, transforming the tensile stress area originally caused by roadway excavation into a compressive stress area. It fully utilizes the characteristic that the compressive strength of rock is much higher than its tensile strength, suppressing the subsidence, delamination, and fracturing of the top surrounding rock 300. That is, by actively applying horizontal pre-tightening force through the connecting components, the support structure is transformed from passive load-bearing to active support, which can effectively control the large deformation problem of soft rock roadways, thereby improving the support effect of the support structure, reducing the maintenance of mining roadways, and lowering support costs.

[0027] To optimize the above technical solution, a first connecting part 103 is provided at the second end of the first straight part 102, and a second connecting part 203 is provided at the second end of the second straight part 202. The connecting component is used to connect the first connecting part 103 and the second connecting part 203.

[0028] During operation, the first support member 100 and the second support member 200 are first positioned and initially fixed with the fixing component. Then, the connecting component is connected to the first connecting part 103 and the second connecting part 203, and a horizontal pre-tightening force is applied to the connecting component. Since the first connecting part 103 is perpendicular to the first straight part 102 and the second connecting part 203 is perpendicular to the second straight part 202, the direction of the pre-tightening force is strictly transverse along the mining roadway, avoiding eccentric moments and ensuring that the first support member 100 and the second support member 200 are subjected to uniform force. The horizontal pre-tightening force is transmitted through the first connecting part 103 and the second connecting part 203 to the first straight part 102 and the second straight part 202, and then acts on the fixing component through the first side part 101 and the second side part 201. At the same time, the first straight part 102 and the second straight part 202 transmit the force to both ends of the top surrounding rock 300 of the mining roadway, causing compression. By setting the first connecting part 103 and the second connecting part 203, the connection structure is simplified, the construction accuracy and the pre-tightening force control effect are improved. That is, the first connecting part 103 and the second connecting part 203 provide reliable force application points, so that the pre-tightening force can be efficiently converted into the compression of the top surrounding rock 300, further enhancing the active support capability of the support device and making it applicable to various soft rock tunnels.

[0029] It should be noted that the above-mentioned connecting components only need to provide a preload force in the horizontal direction to the first support member 100 and the second support member 200. The connecting components can have various structural forms. The following are various embodiments of the connecting components.

[0030] Example 1, see Figure 2 The first connecting part 103 is arranged perpendicularly to the first straight part 102, and the second connecting part 203 is arranged perpendicularly to the second straight part 202. The connecting assembly includes a first mounting hole in the first connecting part 103, a second mounting hole in the second connecting part 203, and a connector 205. The connector 205 is connected to the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole and is used to connect the first connecting part 103 and the second connecting part 203.

[0031] Specifically, the first connecting part 103 and the first straight part 102 can be an integral structure or a detachable structure, and the second connecting part 203 and the second straight part 202 can be an integral structure or a detachable structure. The connecting member 205 is a high-strength bolt with a nut, or a pin, etc. During construction, after the first support member 100 and the second support member 200 are fixed, the connecting member 205 is inserted into the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole, and then the nut is tightened to apply a preload. As the nut is tightened, the first connecting part 103 and the second connecting part 203 move closer to each other, thereby pulling the first straight part 102 and the second straight part 202 towards the center, generating a horizontal preload. This preload is transmitted to the top plate of the surrounding rock 300 (i.e., the position of the top surrounding rock 300) through the first support member 100 and the second support member 200, forming a compressive stress. The first and second mounting holes are circular, facilitating the insertion of the connector 205. The bolt connection allows for precise control of the preload value. By adopting a simple bolt connection method, not only are manufacturing costs reduced, but construction speed is also increased, facilitating underground operations. At the same time, the bolt connection is detachable, which is conducive to the recycling and reuse of support materials, in line with the concept of green mining. The above structure can effectively transmit the preload, achieving active support for the 300mm roof of the surrounding rock, thereby significantly improving the stability of the roadway.

[0032] Example 2, see Figure 3 The first connecting part 103 is arranged perpendicularly to the first straight part 102, and the second connecting part 203 is arranged perpendicularly to the second straight part 202. The connecting assembly includes a sleeve 500, a first screw 501 and a second screw 502. The two ends of the sleeve 500 are respectively provided with threads in opposite directions. The first screw 501 is used to screw the first connecting part 103 and one end of the sleeve 500, and the second screw 502 is used to screw the second connecting part 203 and the other end of the sleeve 500.

[0033] Specifically, when the sleeve 500 is rotated, due to the reverse direction of the threads at both ends of the sleeve 500, the first screw 501 and the second screw 502 simultaneously contract inwards towards the sleeve 500, thereby bringing the distance between the first connecting part 103 and the second connecting part 203 closer together, generating a horizontal preload. In use, first install the first support member 100 and the second support member 200 into place, connect the first screw 501 and the second screw 502 to the first connecting part 103 and the second connecting part 203 respectively, and then fit the sleeve 500 onto the first screw 501 and the second screw 502. By rotating the sleeve 500 with a special tool, the preload can be applied smoothly. The amount of preload can be controlled by the number of rotations or a torque wrench. This arrangement achieves stepless adjustment of the preload, avoiding the loosening problem that may occur in bolt connections. Furthermore, the first screw 501 and the second screw 502 at both ends move synchronously to ensure balanced force on both sides. At the same time, the sleeve 500 itself can withstand a large tensile force, making it suitable for roadways with high ground stress. The above-mentioned connection components are easy to construct, can be quickly installed and disassembled, and improve support efficiency.

[0034] Example 3, see Figure 4 The first connecting part 103 is arranged perpendicularly to the first straight part 102, and the second connecting part 203 is arranged perpendicularly to the second straight part 202. The connecting assembly includes a fixing box 600, a first tensioner 601, and a second tensioner 602. The top of the fixing box 600 abuts against the top surrounding rock 300 of the mining roadway. The first tensioner 601 is used to connect the side of the fixing box 600 with the first connecting part 103, and the second tensioner 602 is used to connect the side of the fixing box 600 with the second connecting part 203.

[0035] Specifically, the fixing box 600 can be a U-shaped box, comprising a top surface and two sides. The top surface of the U-shaped box abuts against the top surrounding rock 300 (roof) of the mining roadway, and the two sides of the U-shaped box are respectively connected to the first connecting part 103 and the second connecting part 203. Alternatively, the fixing box 600 can be a five-sided box with a single-sided opening. The side of the box opposite the opening abuts against the top surrounding rock 300 (roof) of the mining roadway, and the other four sides, with two oppositely arranged sides, are respectively connected to the first connecting part 103 and the second connecting part 203. Operators can use fixing boxes 600 of different shapes according to their needs to achieve effective connection with the first support member 100 and the second support member 200.

[0036] Specifically, the first tensioner 601 and the second tensioner 602 can be bolts, tie rods, or other structures, as long as they can apply a horizontal preload; details will not be elaborated here. During installation, first place the fixing box 600 below the center of the tunnel roof, ensuring its top is in close contact with the roof. Then, position the first support 100 and the second support 200 and initially secure them with the fixing components. Next, use the first tensioner 601 to connect the side of the fixing box 600 to the first connecting part 103, and use the second tensioner 602 to connect the side of the fixing box 600 to the second connecting part 203. By tightening the nuts on the first tensioner 601 and the second tensioner 602, a preload is applied, causing the first connecting part 103 and the second connecting part 203 to move closer to the fixing box 600, thereby creating a horizontal compression on the roof. The fixing box 600 not only serves as a connector, but its top also directly supports the top plate, converting some of the preload into vertical support, further improving the stress on the top plate. This increases the number of direct support points for the top plate, forming a spatial force system with the first tensioner 601 and the second tensioner 602 on both sides, thus improving the overall integrity and stability of the support system. At the same time, the fixing box 600 can disperse the local stress on the top plate, prevent stress concentration, and further improve the support effect of the support structure.

[0037] Example 4, see Figure 5 and Figure 6The first connecting portion 103 is arranged parallel to the first straight portion 102, and the second connecting portion 203 is arranged parallel to the second straight portion 202. The connecting assembly includes a fixing plate 700, a first fixing member 701, a second fixing member 702, a third mounting hole opened in the first connecting portion 103, and a fourth mounting hole opened in the second connecting portion 203. The fixing plate 700 is fitted to the first connecting portion 103 and the second connecting portion 203. The first fixing member 701 is used to connect the third mounting hole and the fixing plate 700, and the second fixing member 702 is used to connect the fourth mounting hole and the fixing plate 700.

[0038] Specifically, the first connecting portion 103 is an extension or welded plate of the end of the first straight portion 102, and is in the same plane as the first straight portion 102. The second connecting portion 203 is an extension or welded plate of the end of the second straight portion 202, and is in the same plane as the second straight portion 202. The first straight portion 102 and the second straight portion 202 are in the same plane. The fixing plate 700 is a rectangular steel plate, and there may be one or two oppositely arranged. When there are two oppositely arranged fixing plates 700, the two fixing plates 700 are respectively attached to the outer side (the side away from the above-mentioned roof plate) and the inner side (the side closer to the above-mentioned roof plate) of the first connecting portion 103 and the second connecting portion 203. The first fixing member 701 and the second fixing member 702 (such as high-strength bolts) pass through the third mounting hole and the fourth mounting hole respectively and are connected to the fixing plate 700, fixing the first connecting portion 103, the second connecting portion 203 and the fixing plate 700 together. This planar connection method can be used when the tunnel roof is relatively complete and does not require complex tie rods or fixing boxes 600. The fixing plate 700 acts as a bridge, connecting the two parallel first connecting parts 103 and second connecting parts 203 into one unit, and applying preload through bolts. Specifically, the first support member 100 and the second support member 200 are first positioned and initially fixed with the fixing assembly. Then, the fixing plate 700 is attached to the first connecting parts 103 and second connecting parts 203, aligned with the third and fourth mounting holes, and bolts are inserted and tightened. As the bolts tighten, the first connecting parts 103 and second connecting parts 203 are pressed together by the fixing plate 700, preventing relative movement and thus locking the positions of the first straight part 102 and the second straight part 202. Since the first connecting part 103 is parallel to the first straight part 102, the preload direction is consistent with the direction of the first straight part 102, directly transmitted to the first side part 101 and the top plate. The fixing plate 700 may have multiple horizontal holes for bolts to pass through, adjusting the relative positions of the first connecting parts 103 and the second connecting parts 203. The above structure is simple, easy to process, and suitable for large-scale application; moreover, the connection rigidity of the fixed plate 700 is large, which can effectively transmit the preload and prevent the first support member 100 and the second support member 200 from shifting, thereby improving the support effect of the support structure.

[0039] To optimize the above technical solution, the first side portion 101 and the first straight portion 102 are connected by the first arc portion 104, and the second side portion 201 and the second straight portion 202 are connected by the second arc portion 204. The fixing component includes a lateral anchor bolt 800 and a fixed anchor bolt 801. The lateral anchor bolt 800 is used to fix the first side portion 101 to one side of the surrounding rock 300 of the mining roadway and the second side portion 201 to the other side of the surrounding rock 300 of the mining roadway. The fixed anchor bolt 801 is used to fix the first arc portion 104 to the surrounding rock 300 of the mining roadway and the second arc portion 204 to the surrounding rock 300 of the mining roadway.

[0040] Specifically, the first arc portion 104, the first side portion 101, and the first straight portion 102 can be an integral structure or a detachable structure, and the second arc portion 204, the second side portion 201, and the second straight portion 202 can also be an integral structure or a detachable structure. The fixed-point anchor bolt 801 is used to fix the first arc portion 104 and the second arc portion 204 at the junction of the side rock 300 and the top rock 300 of the mining roadway. The design of the first arc portion 104 and the second arc portion 204 is to avoid stress concentration and also to redirect force. When the horizontal preload is applied to the first straight portion 102 and the second straight portion 202, the first arc portion 104 and the second arc portion 204 act as lever fulcrums, converting the horizontal force into an upward lifting force at the junction, thereby achieving active support. The fixed anchor bolt 801 is fixed at the center of the first arc portion 104 and the second arc portion 204, providing a rotation fulcrum for the first arc portion 104 and the second arc portion 204, and preventing the first straight portion 102 and the second straight portion 202 from being pulled out. During installation, the first arc portion 104 and the second arc portion 204 are first fixed to the surrounding rock 300 at the junction using the fixed anchor bolt 801, and then the first side portion 101 and the second side portion 201 are fixed to the side surrounding rock 300 using the lateral anchor bolt 800. Then, a horizontal preload is applied, and the first arc portion 104 and the second arc portion 204 rotate around the fixed anchor bolt 801 as the fulcrum, generating a lifting effect on the top surrounding rock 300, while the lateral anchor bolt 800 provides pull-out resistance. The structure of the first arc 104 and the second arc 204 makes the force transmission smoother and avoids stress concentration and fracture risk at right angles; the cooperation between the fixed anchor 801 and the first arc 104 and the second arc 204 accurately realizes the conversion of horizontal tension force into vertical lifting force, improving the active support effect; at the same time, the lateral anchor 800 and the fixed anchor 801 can provide reliable anchoring force, which can be applied to complex geological conditions such as soft rock and ensure the support effect.

[0041] To optimize the above technical solution, the support device for the longwall roadway also includes a first reinforcing rib 900, a second reinforcing rib 901, a third reinforcing rib 902, and a fourth reinforcing rib 903. The two ends of the first reinforcing rib 900 are respectively connected to the first side portion 101 and the first straight portion 102. The two ends of the second reinforcing rib 901 are respectively connected to the second side portion 201 and the second straight portion 202. The two ends of the third reinforcing rib 902 are respectively connected to the first straight portion 102 and the first connecting portion 103. The two ends of the fourth reinforcing rib 903 are respectively connected to the second straight portion 202 and the second connecting portion 203.

[0042] Specifically, the first reinforcing rib 900 is used to strengthen the rigidity of the connection between the first side portion 101 and the first straight portion 102, and the second reinforcing rib 901 is used to strengthen the rigidity of the connection between the second side portion 201 and the second straight portion 202. The first reinforcing rib 900, the second reinforcing rib 901, the third reinforcing rib 902 and the fourth reinforcing rib 903 can be welded from triangular steel plates.

[0043] When the first support member 100 and the second support member 200 are subjected to large preload and pressure from the surrounding rock 300, their corners and connections are the areas with the greatest stress, making them prone to bending deformation or weld cracking. The function of the aforementioned reinforcing ribs is to increase the rigidity and strength of these areas, prevent localized damage, and ensure effective force transmission. That is, when the connecting assembly is subjected to preload, the first straight portion 102 is under tension, and this tension is distributed to the first side portion 101 through the first reinforcing rib 900, preventing the tension from concentrating at the connection; similarly, the third reinforcing rib 902 distributes the tension of the first straight portion 102 to the first connecting portion 103, preventing the weld at the connection from tearing (the forces between the second side portion 201 and the second straight portion 202, and between the second straight portion 202 and the second connecting portion 203 are the same, and will not be described again here). By arranging the aforementioned reinforcing ribs, the overall load-bearing capacity and stability of the first support member 100 and the second support member 200 are significantly improved, enabling the support device for the mining roadway to adapt to the support requirements of roadways with high ground stress. At the same time, due to the reinforcement of key parts, the service life of the device is extended, and the first support member 100 and the second support member 200 can be made of relatively thin steel plates, thereby reducing the overall weight of the device and lowering the production cost of the device without affecting the support effect.

[0044] To optimize the above technical solution, the first straight section 102 is provided with a first positioning hole 1021, and the second straight section 202 is provided with a second positioning hole 2021. The fixing component includes a first positioning anchor 802 and a second positioning anchor 803. The first positioning anchor 802 passes through the first positioning hole 1021 and is connected to the top surrounding rock 300 of the mining roadway. The second positioning anchor 803 passes through the second positioning hole 2021 and is connected to the top surrounding rock 300 of the mining roadway. The diameter of the first positioning hole 1021 is larger than the diameter of the first positioning anchor 802, and the diameter of the second positioning hole 2021 is larger than the diameter of the second positioning anchor 803.

[0045] Specifically, when a horizontal preload is applied, the first straight section 102 and the second straight section 202 will undergo slight elastic deformation or displacement. If the first positioning hole 1021 is tightly fitted with the first positioning anchor 802 and the second positioning hole 2021 is tightly fitted with the second positioning anchor 803, the first positioning anchor 802 and the second positioning anchor 803 will restrict the displacement of the first straight section 102 and the second straight section 202, hindering the application and transmission of the preload. The large-diameter design allows the first straight section 102 and the second straight section 202 to have a certain amount of movement space relative to the first positioning anchor 802 and the second positioning anchor 803 during the tensioning process. After the preload is applied in place, the first positioning anchor 802 and the second positioning anchor 803 are finally fixed, realizing the process requirement of tensioning first and then locking. That is, the first positioning anchor 802 and the second positioning anchor 803 are first passed through the large-diameter first positioning hole 1021 and the second positioning hole 2021, respectively, and initially inserted into the top plate but not tightened. When a horizontal preload is applied, the first straight portion 102 and the second straight portion 202 can slide horizontally along the first positioning anchor 802 and the second positioning anchor 803. After the preload reaches the design value, the nuts of the first positioning anchor 802 and the second positioning anchor 803 are tightened to fix the first straight portion 102 and the second straight portion 202 in their final positions, thus locking the preload. Preferably, the first positioning hole 1021 and the second positioning hole 2021 are elliptical to meet the displacement requirements of the first positioning anchor 802 and the second positioning anchor 803. This arrangement solves the constraint problem of the first positioning anchor 802 and the second positioning anchor 803 on the first straight section 102 and the second straight section 202 during the tensioning process, ensuring that the preload can be fully applied and transmitted to the roof. At the same time, the above design allows for a certain installation error, reduces the construction accuracy requirements, and improves construction efficiency. After the first positioning anchor 802 and the second positioning anchor 803 are finally fixed, they not only suspend the first support member 100 and the second support member 200, but also participate in bearing the roof pressure, realizing multi-functional integration. This can further improve the support effect of the support structure, reduce the maintenance of the mining roadway, and reduce the support cost.

[0046] Secondly, embodiments of this application also provide a support method for installing a support device for a mining roadway as described in any of the above claims, comprising: Step S1: Excavate the mining roadway, clean the 300mm surface of the surrounding rock, remove loose rocks and broken rock blocks to provide a flat foundation for installation; Step S2: Place the first support 100 and the second support 200 on both sides of the mining roadway, so that the first side 101 is attached to one side of the surrounding rock 300 of the mining roadway and the first straight part 102 extends to the bottom of the top surrounding rock 300 of the mining roadway. The second side 201 is arranged opposite to the first side 101, attached to the other side of the surrounding rock 300 of the mining roadway and the second straight part 202 extends to the bottom of the top surrounding rock 300 of the mining roadway. This step requires ensuring that the first support 100 and the second support 200 are symmetrical in position and fit tightly. Step S3: The first support 100 and the second support 200 are initially fixed to the top surrounding rock 300 by the fixing components; Step S4: Connect the first support 100 and the second support 200 through the connecting assembly, and apply a pre-tightening force to the connecting assembly to make the first support 100 and the second support 200 tend to move towards the middle of the mining roadway, thereby applying horizontal compressive stress to the top surrounding rock 300 of the mining roadway. Step S5: The first support 100 and the second support 200 are finally fixed to the surrounding rock 300 by the fixing components, thus completing the installation of the mining roadway support device.

[0047] Specifically, in step S3, firstly, the fixed anchor rod 801 is driven into the surrounding rock 300 at the junction of the roadway through the first arc portion 104 and the second arc portion 204, initially fixing the positions of the first arc portion 104 and the second arc portion 204 of the first support member 100 and the second support member 200, ensuring that the first arc portion 104 and the second arc portion 204 are in close contact with the surrounding rock 300; at the same time, the lateral anchor rod 800 is driven into the surrounding rock 300 on both sides through the first side portion 101 and the second side portion 201, so that the first side portion 101 and the second side portion 201 fit against the surrounding rock 300 on both sides; then, the positioning anchor rod is driven into the top surrounding rock 300 through the first positioning hole 1021 and the second positioning hole 2021 opened on the first straight portion 102 and the second straight portion 202. At this time, the nut of the positioning anchor rod is not tightened temporarily, leaving space for the first straight portion 102 and the second straight portion 202 to move relative to each other during the subsequent tensioning process, thus completing the initial fixing.

[0048] Specifically, in step S4, the operator can select the appropriate operating method according to the different structures of the connecting components: If the structure of Embodiment 1 is adopted, the connector 205 (such as a high-strength bolt) is passed through the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole, and the nut is tightened to apply a horizontal preload. If the structure of Embodiment 2 is adopted, the rotating sleeve 500 causes the first screw 501 and the second screw 502 to retract into the sleeve 500 simultaneously, thereby pulling the first connecting part 103 and the second connecting part 203 closer together and applying the preload force smoothly; If the structure of Embodiment 3 is adopted, the top of the fixing box 600 is first pressed against the surrounding rock of the top plate 300, and then the first tensioner 601 and the second tensioner 602 are used to connect the side of the fixing box 600 to the first connecting part 103 and the second connecting part 203 respectively. Preload is applied by tightening the nuts on the first tensioner 601 and the second tensioner 602. If the structure of Embodiment 4 is adopted, the fixing plate 700 is attached to the outside or inside of the first connecting part 103 and the second connecting part 203, and a fastener (such as a bolt) is passed through the third mounting hole and the fourth mounting hole to connect with the fixing plate 700, and the fastener is tightened to lock the two together.

[0049] Regardless of the connection method used, when the preload is applied, both the first support member 100 and the second support member 200 tend to move towards the middle of the roadway. Since the sides and arcs of the first support member 100 and the second support member 200 have been fixed by anchor bolts, the horizontal tension is transmitted to the top surrounding rock 300 through the first support member 100 and the second support member 200, thereby transforming into horizontal compressive stress on the top plate of the surrounding rock 300.

[0050] Specifically, in step S5, after the preload reaches the design value, the nuts of the positioning anchor rods are tightened, so that the first straight section 102 and the second straight section 202 are finally fixed to the top surrounding rock 300, locking the preload. At the same time, the anchoring status of the lateral anchor rods 800 and the fixed anchor rods 801 is checked, and secondary tightening is performed if necessary to ensure that all anchor rods reach the design anchoring force. This completes the installation of the entire support device. If the first support member 100 and the second support member 200 are equipped with reinforcing ribs, they can be set accordingly throughout the process to improve the rigidity of key parts, prevent deformation, and ensure the effective transmission of preload.

[0051] Furthermore, to enhance the overall support effect on the surrounding rock of the roadway and prevent broken rock fragments from falling, a steel mesh 400 can be added before laying the first support member 100 and the second support member 200 during the above construction process. Specifically, after excavating the mining roadway and cleaning the surface of the surrounding rock 300 in step S1, and before placing the first support member 100 and the second support member 200 on both sides of the roadway in step S2, the following steps are also included: A steel mesh 400 is laid on the surface of the surrounding rock 300, covering the area to be supported on the top and sides of the surrounding rock 300 of the roadway. The steel mesh 400 is fixedly connected to the surrounding rock 300 by anchor bolts. Specifically, the mesh on the steel mesh 400 is aligned with the preset anchor bolt holes. In subsequent step S3, when the construction workers drive the fixed anchor bolt 801 through the first arc 104 and the second arc 204 into the surrounding rock 300 at the roadway junction, the fixed anchor bolt 801 simultaneously passes through the steel mesh 400 and presses the steel mesh 400 tightly against the surface of the surrounding rock 300. Similarly, when the lateral anchor bolt 800 passes through the first side 101 and... When the second side section 201 is driven into the surrounding rock 300 on both sides, the lateral anchor bolts 800 simultaneously pass through the steel mesh 400 and fix the steel mesh 400 to both sides of the surrounding rock 300. When the first positioning anchor bolt 802 and the second positioning anchor bolt 803 pass through the first positioning hole 1021 and the second positioning hole 2021 and are driven into the top surrounding rock 300, the first positioning anchor bolt 802 and the second positioning anchor bolt 803 also simultaneously pass through the steel mesh 400 and press them onto the surface of the top surrounding rock 300, but do not press them tightly. After the support connection of the first straight section 102 and the second straight section 202 is completed, the first positioning anchor bolt 802 and the second positioning anchor bolt 803 are then pressed tightly to complete the overall support.

[0052] The steel mesh 400 adopts a metal mesh structure and can be tightly attached to the surface of the surrounding rock 300 in the roadway. On the one hand, the steel mesh 400 can hold the broken surrounding rock, prevent small rocks from falling, and ensure the safety of construction and roadway use. On the other hand, the steel mesh 400, the first support member 100 and the second support member 200 form an integral force-bearing structure. When the connecting components apply pre-tightening force, the steel mesh 400 can more evenly spread the horizontal compressive stress transmitted from the first support member 100 and the second support member 200 to a larger area of ​​the surrounding rock 300 surface, avoid stress concentration, further improve the support effect of the support structure, and thus improve the overall stability of the surrounding rock 300.

[0053] It should be noted that multiple of the aforementioned mining roadway support devices are installed in the mining roadway to provide stable support for the roadway.

[0054] The specific structure of the support device for the mining roadway is as described in the above embodiments. Since this support method adopts all the technical solutions of all the above embodiments, it has at least all the beneficial effects brought by the technical solutions of the above embodiments, which will not be elaborated here.

[0055] It should be noted that the support device and method for longwall mining roadways provided by this invention can be used in the field of longwall mining roadway support equipment technology or other fields. Other fields refer to any field other than the field of longwall mining roadway support equipment technology. The above are merely examples and do not limit the application areas of the support device and method for longwall mining roadways provided by this invention.

[0056] It should be understood that the terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular exemplary embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, the singular forms “a,” “an,” and “described” as used herein may also mean including the plural forms. The terms “comprising,” “including,” “containing,” and “having” are inclusive and therefore indicate the presence of the stated features, steps, operations, elements, and / or components, but do not exclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, steps, operations, elements, components, and / or combinations thereof. The method steps, processes, and operations described herein are not construed as requiring them to be performed in a particular order described or illustrated unless the order of performance is explicitly indicated. It should also be understood that additional or alternative steps may be used.

[0057] Although terms such as first, second, third, etc., may be used in this document to describe multiple elements, components, regions, layers, and / or segments, these elements, components, regions, layers, and / or segments should not be limited by these terms. These terms may be used only to distinguish one element, component, region, layer, or segment from another. Unless the context clearly indicates otherwise, terms such as "first," "second," and other numerical terms used herein do not imply order or sequence. Therefore, the first element, component, region, layer, or segment discussed below may be referred to as the second element, component, region, layer, or segment without departing from the teachings of the exemplary embodiments.

[0058] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of this application, enabling those skilled in the art to understand or implement this application. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of this application. Therefore, this application is not to be limited to the embodiments shown herein, but is to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features claimed herein.

Claims

1. A support device for a mining roadway, characterized in that, The system includes a first support member and a second support member arranged opposite to each other. The first support member includes a first side portion and a first straight portion. The first side portion is connected to a first end of the first straight portion. The second support member includes a second side portion and a second straight portion. The second side portion is connected to a first end of the second straight portion. The first side portion is attached to one side of the surrounding rock of the mining roadway. The second side portion is arranged opposite to the first side portion and is attached to the other side of the surrounding rock of the mining roadway. The first straight portion and the second straight portion are connected by a connecting assembly, which is used to provide preload in the horizontal direction. It also includes a fixing component, which is connected to the first support and the second support and is used to fix the first support and the second support to the surrounding rock of the mining roadway.

2. The support device for mining roadways according to claim 1, characterized in that, The second end of the first straight section is provided with a first connecting part, and the second end of the second straight section is provided with a second connecting part; The connecting component is used to connect the first connecting part and the second connecting part.

3. The support device for mining roadways according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first connecting portion is arranged perpendicularly to the first straight portion, and the second connecting portion is arranged perpendicularly to the second straight portion. The connecting assembly includes a first mounting hole in the first connecting portion, a second mounting hole in the second connecting portion, and a connector. The connector is connected to the first mounting hole and the second mounting hole and is used to connect the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion.

4. The support device for mining roadways according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first connecting part is arranged perpendicular to the first straight part, and the second connecting part is arranged perpendicular to the second straight part. The connecting assembly includes a sleeve, a first screw, and a second screw. The two ends of the sleeve are respectively provided with threads in opposite directions. The first screw is used to screw the first connecting part and one end of the sleeve, and the second screw is used to screw the second connecting part and the other end of the sleeve.

5. The support device for mining roadways according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first connecting part is arranged perpendicularly to the first straight part, and the second connecting part is arranged perpendicularly to the second straight part. The connecting assembly includes a fixing box, a first tensioner, and a second tensioner. The top of the fixing box abuts against the top surrounding rock of the mining roadway. The first tensioner is used to connect the side of the fixing box to the first connecting part, and the second tensioner is used to connect the side of the fixing box to the second connecting part.

6. The support device for mining roadways according to claim 2, characterized in that, The first connecting portion is arranged parallel to the first straight portion, and the second connecting portion is arranged parallel to the second straight portion. The connecting assembly includes a fixing plate, a first fixing member, a second fixing member, a third mounting hole opened in the first connecting portion, and a fourth mounting hole opened in the second connecting portion. The fixing plate is fitted to the first connecting portion and the second connecting portion. The first fixing member is used to connect the third mounting hole and the fixing plate, and the second fixing member is used to connect the fourth mounting hole and the fixing plate.

7. The support device for mining roadways according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that, The first side portion is connected to the first straight portion via a first arc portion, and the second side portion is connected to the second straight portion via a second arc portion. The fixing assembly includes a lateral anchor bolt and a fixed anchor bolt. The lateral anchor bolt is used to fix the first side portion to one side of the surrounding rock of the mining roadway and the second side portion to the other side of the surrounding rock of the mining roadway. The fixed anchor bolt is used to fix the first arc portion to the surrounding rock of the mining roadway and the second arc portion to the surrounding rock of the mining roadway.

8. The support device for mining roadways according to any one of claims 3 to 5, characterized in that, It also includes a first reinforcing rib, a second reinforcing rib, a third reinforcing rib, and a fourth reinforcing rib. The two ends of the first reinforcing rib are respectively connected to the first side portion and the first straight portion. The two ends of the second reinforcing rib are respectively connected to the second side portion and the second straight portion. The two ends of the third reinforcing rib are respectively connected to the first straight portion and the first connecting portion. The two ends of the fourth reinforcing rib are respectively connected to the second straight portion and the second connecting portion.

9. The support device for mining roadways according to any one of claims 2 to 6, characterized in that, The first straight section has a first positioning hole, and the second straight section has a second positioning hole. The fixing component includes a first positioning anchor and a second positioning anchor. The first positioning anchor passes through the first positioning hole and is connected to the top surrounding rock of the mining roadway. The second positioning anchor passes through the second positioning hole and is connected to the top surrounding rock of the mining roadway. The diameter of the first positioning hole is larger than the diameter of the first positioning anchor, and the diameter of the second positioning hole is larger than the diameter of the second positioning anchor.

10. A support method, characterized in that, For installing the longwall roadway support device as described in any one of claims 1 to 9, comprising: Step S1: Excavate the mining roadway and clean the surrounding rock surface; Step S2: Place the first support and the second support on both sides of the mining roadway, so that the first side fits against one side of the surrounding rock of the mining roadway and the first straight part extends to the bottom of the top surrounding rock of the mining roadway. The second side is arranged opposite to the first side, fits against the other side of the surrounding rock of the mining roadway and the second straight part extends to the bottom of the top surrounding rock of the mining roadway. Step S3: The first and second supports are initially fixed to the top surrounding rock using the fixing components; Step S4: Connect the first support and the second support through the connecting assembly, and apply a pre-tightening force to the connecting assembly to make the first support and the second support tend to move towards the middle of the mining roadway, thereby applying horizontal compressive stress to the top surrounding rock of the mining roadway. Step S5: The first and second support components are finally fixed to the surrounding rock using the fixing components, thus completing the installation of the support device for the mining roadway.

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