A two-dimensional plug nozzle with two-stage adjusting plate structure and its adjusting method

Abstract

The application discloses a binary plug nozzle with a two-stage adjusting plate structure and an adjusting method thereof, and belongs to the technical field of space propulsion systems, and aims to solve the problem of strong coupling of the flow rate and the area ratio of an existing adjusting mechanism. The nozzle comprises a first exhaust passage and a second exhaust passage, and a common plug cone is arranged between the two exhaust passages. An adjusting system is independently arranged in each exhaust passage and comprises a converging adjusting plate and a diverging adjusting plate. The converging adjusting plate is used for adjusting the throat cross-sectional area. In the flow direction, the gas inlet end of the diverging adjusting plate is rotationally connected with the gas outlet end of the converging adjusting plate. The diverging adjusting plate is configured to move in linkage with the converging adjusting plate and can independently rotate around the rotation shaft of the gas inlet end of the diverging adjusting plate relative to the converging adjusting plate, so as to independently adjust the outlet cross-sectional area. The application realizes mechanical decoupling of the flow rate and the nozzle area ratio, and improves the wide-working-condition propulsion efficiency and the thrust vector control capability.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention belongs to the field of aerospace propulsion system technology, specifically relating to a two-dimensional plug nozzle with a two-stage adjustment plate structure and its adjustment method. Background Technology

[0002] The nozzle is a key component of aerospace propulsion systems, its function being to expand and accelerate the high-temperature, high-pressure combustion gases to generate thrust. In hypersonic vehicles and reusable aerospace transportation systems, the propulsion system needs to operate within a wide flight envelope, placing extremely high demands on the nozzle's propulsion efficiency across a wide pressure ratio range. Traditional fixed-geometry nozzles typically only exhibit optimal performance near their design conditions, and are prone to over-expansion or under-expansion under off-design conditions, leading to a significant decrease in thrust efficiency. Therefore, adjustable nozzles capable of adapting to a wide range of operating conditions have become an important development direction for high-performance propulsion systems. Among them, plug-type nozzles, due to their height compensation capability, short structural length, suitability for integrated flight and engine design, and good stealth performance, show promising application prospects in the field of hypersonic propulsion.

[0003] Existing two-dimensional plug nozzle adjustment schemes mainly include two categories: throat area adjustment and throat-exit area linkage adjustment. The former changes the nozzle flow rate or achieves reverse thrust function through a single-stage adjustment mechanism, but the exit area is not adjustable, making it difficult to maintain a reasonable expansion state under wide pressure ratios. The latter, although it can adjust both the throat area and the exit area simultaneously, forms a fixed linkage relationship between the two through linkages or mechanisms, resulting in a strong coupling between the nozzle flow rate and the area ratio (the ratio of the nozzle exit cross-sectional area to the throat cross-sectional area). In a wide flight envelope propulsion system, the nozzle throat area determines the flow rate, while the area ratio determines the degree of expansion matching between the jet and the external environmental pressure. The two do not always need to change synchronously. For example, when the engine flow rate remains basically constant, the area ratio still needs to be adjusted according to the flight altitude to maintain an ideal expansion state; under certain operating conditions, it may also be necessary to adjust the flow rate while keeping the area ratio basically constant. Therefore, existing linkage adjustment structures are difficult to achieve flexible and coordinated control of flow rate and expansion state, resulting in insufficient expansion matching capability and decreased propulsion efficiency under off-design conditions, and limiting the independent flow distribution control and thrust vector control capabilities of the upper and lower exhaust channels. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To address the problems existing in the prior art, this invention provides a two-dimensional plug nozzle with a two-stage adjustment plate structure and its adjustment method. The purpose is to achieve decoupled control of the nozzle throat cross-sectional area and the outlet cross-sectional area, break the strong coupling relationship between nozzle flow rate and area ratio in the existing adjustment scheme, thereby improving the expansion matching capability and propulsion efficiency of the propulsion system under a wide range of operating conditions, and enhancing the independent flow distribution and thrust vector control capability of the upper and lower exhaust channels.

[0005] To solve the above-mentioned technical problems, the present invention is achieved through the following technical solution: According to a first aspect of the present invention, a binary plug nozzle having a two-stage regulating plate structure is provided, comprising a first exhaust passage and a second exhaust passage, wherein a common plug cone extending along the airflow direction is provided between the first exhaust passage and the second exhaust passage; Each of the aforementioned exhaust channels is equipped with an independent adjustment system; The adjustment system includes a convergence adjustment plate disposed in the convergence section of the corresponding exhaust passage and an expansion adjustment plate disposed in the expansion section. The convergence adjustment plate is used to adjust the throat cross-sectional area of ​​the corresponding exhaust passage. Along the airflow direction, the air inlet of the expansion regulating plate is rotatably connected to the exhaust of the convergence regulating plate via a rotating shaft; The expansion adjustment plate is configured to move in conjunction with the convergence adjustment plate, and can rotate independently relative to the convergence adjustment plate around the pivot of the air intake end of the expansion adjustment plate under power drive, so as to independently adjust the outlet cross-sectional area of ​​the corresponding exhaust channel.

[0006] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, each of the exhaust channels is provided with a fixed first side plate and a second side plate on both sides of its lateral direction; The adjustment system also includes a convergence drive mechanism, which includes a convergence section actuator, a driving crank, a driven crank, and a connecting rod. The fixed end of the converging section actuator is hinged to the outer wall of the first side plate or the second side plate, and the output end of the converging section actuator is hinged to the driving crank; the driving crank and the driven crank are coaxially and fixedly connected; one end of the connecting rod is hinged to the driven crank, and the other end is hinged to the converging adjustment plate.

[0007] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, a fixed support arm is fixedly connected to the plate surface of the convergence adjustment plate away from the inner side of the exhaust channel flow channel. The adjustment system also includes an expansion section actuator, the fixed end of which is hinged to the fixed support arm, and the output end of which is hinged to the side of the expansion adjustment plate away from the inner side of the exhaust channel.

[0008] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, each of the exhaust channels is enclosed by a fixed channel wall, the channel wall including a straight plate, a fixed expansion plate, and a first side plate and a second side plate corresponding to the lateral sides. The first side plate and the second side plate are respectively fixedly connected to the two sides of the straight plate and the fixed expansion plate, and the first side plate and the second side plate are fixedly connected by a reinforcing beam to form a support frame; Along the airflow direction, the intake end of the convergence adjustment plate in each exhaust channel is rotatably connected to the corresponding first side plate and second side plate via a rotating shaft.

[0009] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the physical boundaries of the first side plate and the second side plate cover the active space sides of the corresponding convergence adjustment plate and the expansion adjustment plate under all working conditions; the minimum height of the side plate in the throat region is greater than or equal to the maximum designed throat height, and the height of the side plate in the outlet region is not greater than the maximum designed outlet height.

[0010] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the flow channel wall of the first exhaust channel and the flow channel wall of the second exhaust channel are mirror-symmetrically distributed about the geometric center reference plane separating them; the fixed expansion plates of the two exhaust channels respectively start from their respective corresponding straight plates and converge at the airflow exhaust end to jointly form the aerodynamic profile of the common plug cone.

[0011] In one possible implementation of the first aspect, the aerodynamic profiles of the convergence adjustment plate and the expansion adjustment plate facing the interior of the exhaust channel are at least one of a straight profile, a polygonal profile, or a curved profile.

[0012] According to a second aspect of the present invention, a method for adjusting a binary plug nozzle having a two-stage adjusting plate structure is provided, comprising the following decoupling control steps: Flow regulation step: Provide power to drive the convergence regulating plate in the first exhaust channel and / or the second exhaust channel to move to the inside or outside of the flow channel, so as to change the throat cross-sectional area of ​​the corresponding flow channel; Area ratio adjustment step: Independently provide power to drive the expansion adjustment plate in the first exhaust channel and / or the second exhaust channel, so that the expansion adjustment plate rotates relative to the convergence adjustment plate in the same channel about the intake end pivot, so as to independently change the outlet cross-sectional area of ​​the corresponding flow channel.

[0013] One possible implementation of the second aspect also includes a thrust vector control step: Under axial thrust working conditions, power is simultaneously provided to drive the convergent adjustment plate in the first exhaust passage and the second exhaust passage, so that the throat cross-sectional area of ​​the two exhaust passages remains equal. Under aerodynamic thrust vectoring conditions, the differential power is provided to drive the convergent adjustment plates in the first and second exhaust channels, so that the openings of the two convergent adjustment plates are different to form a flow difference.

[0014] In one possible implementation of the second aspect, under the condition of maintaining a stable overall flow rate of the nozzle and needing to change the expansion state, the position of the convergence adjustment plate in each exhaust channel is locked, and power is provided individually to drive the corresponding expansion adjustment plate to rotate relative to each other. When it is necessary to change the overall flow rate of the nozzle while maintaining a stable nozzle area ratio, the relative deflection angle of the corresponding expansion adjustment plate is dynamically compensated by independent power drive while the convergence adjustment plate moves.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has at least the following beneficial effects: This invention provides a two-stage plug nozzle with a two-stage regulating plate structure. By incorporating a convergent regulating plate and a divergent regulating plate within the exhaust channel, and rotatably connecting the inlet end of the divergent regulating plate to the exhaust end of the convergent regulating plate, a two-stage series-connected movable configuration is constructed. During regulation, the divergent regulating plate can move in tandem with the convergent regulating plate, while also independently rotating relative to it around the hinge axis. This overcomes the physical limitations on the flow channel geometry imposed by traditional single-stage regulation or rigid linkage mechanisms, decoupling the throat cross-sectional area, which determines the flow rate, from the outlet cross-sectional area, which determines the airflow expansion state. When the propulsion system operates within a wide flight envelope, it can independently change the outlet cross-sectional area to match the external environmental pressure, effectively overcoming over-expansion or under-expansion defects that easily occur under off-design conditions. Structurally, this ensures optimal expansion matching and high propulsion efficiency for the nozzle across a wide pressure ratio range.

[0016] This two-dimensional plug nozzle employs a dual-channel layout, with a common plug cone positioned between the first and second exhaust channels. Each exhaust channel also features an independently configured two-stage adjustment system. This isolated and independently operable mechanical architecture allows for differentiated adjustment of the upper and lower exhaust channels. Since the throat and outlet cross-sectional areas of both exhaust channels can be independently changed, the nozzle can alter the overall momentum distribution by asymmetrically controlling the flow and expansion on both sides of the flow field without adding additional heavy mechanical deflection components. This allows it to directly generate the required yaw or pitching moment based on the common plug cone. Attached Figure Description

[0017] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the specific embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0018] Figure 1This is an overall structural diagram of a binary plug nozzle with a two-stage adjustment plate structure from the left front view. Figure 2 This is an overall structural diagram of a binary plug nozzle with a two-stage adjustment plate structure from the left rear view of the present invention. Figure 3 This is an overall structural diagram of a binary plug nozzle with a two-stage adjustment plate structure from the right front side view of the present invention. Figure 4 This is a partial enlarged view of a binary plug nozzle with a two-stage adjustment plate structure from the left rear side perspective. Figure 5 This is a transverse symmetrical cross-sectional view of a binary plug nozzle with a two-stage adjustment plate structure under axial thrust conditions according to the present invention. Figure 6 This is a transverse symmetrical cross-sectional view of a binary plug nozzle with a two-stage adjustment plate structure under thrust vector state according to the present invention.

[0019] In the diagram: 1. First exhaust passage; 2. Second exhaust passage; 11. First side plate; 12. Second side plate; 13. Reinforcing beam; 21. Straight plate; 22. Fixed expansion plate; 30. Converging adjustment plate; 31. Fixed support arm; 40. Expansion adjustment plate; 51. Converging section actuator; 52. Driving crank; 53. Driven crank; 54. Connecting rod; 61. Expansion section actuator. Detailed Implementation

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0021] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, this invention provides a two-dimensional plug nozzle with a two-stage adjusting plate structure, which is applicable to various propulsion systems such as rocket engines, air-breathing engines, and combined cycle engines. The two-dimensional plug nozzle includes a first exhaust channel 1 and a second exhaust channel 2. The first exhaust channel 1 is located above the nozzle structure, and the second exhaust channel 2 is located below the structure; both are typical two-dimensional asymmetric nozzles. A common plug cone extending along the airflow direction is provided between the first exhaust channel 1 and the second exhaust channel 2.

[0022] Each exhaust passage is equipped with an independent adjustment system. The adjustment system includes a convergence adjustment plate 30 located in the convergence section of the corresponding exhaust passage and an expansion adjustment plate 40 located in the expansion section. The convergence adjustment plate 30 is used to adjust the throat cross-sectional area of ​​the corresponding exhaust passage. The throat cross-section is the position where the cross-sectional area of ​​the exhaust passage is the smallest. By changing the position of the convergence adjustment plate 30, the nozzle throat area can be continuously or steppedly adjusted.

[0023] Along the airflow direction, the inlet end of the expansion regulating plate 40 is rotatably connected to the exhaust end of the convergent regulating plate 30 via a rotating shaft. As an optional implementation method to ensure the work efficiency of the airflow inside the nozzle, to prevent high-temperature and high-pressure gas from overflowing from the gap between the two regulating plates, a dynamic sealing structure is provided at the rotatable connection between the exhaust end of the convergent regulating plate 30 and the inlet end of the expansion regulating plate 40. This structure can be an end face overlap seal, a stacked seal, or a flexible sealing component, so as to maintain the continuity and sealing of the aerodynamic profile of the flow channel wall throughout the entire working process when the expansion regulating plate 40 rotates relative to each other.

[0024] The expansion regulating plate 40 is configured to move in conjunction with the convergent regulating plate 30, and can rotate independently relative to the convergent regulating plate 30 around the pivot at the intake end of the expansion regulating plate 40 under power drive, so as to independently adjust the outlet cross-sectional area of ​​the corresponding exhaust channel. The outlet cross-section is the flow channel cross-section through the end position of the expansion regulating plate 40.

[0025] It should be specifically noted that the linkage motion described in this invention refers to the motion where, with the angle between the expansion adjustment plate 40 and the convergence adjustment plate 30 locked, and since the two are connected in series by a pivot, when the spatial position of the convergence adjustment plate 30 changes under external power, the expansion adjustment plate 40, as a whole, follows the macroscopic position movement in space along with the pivot point (pivot). This linkage motion constitutes the basic position tracking of the expansion adjustment plate 40; while the independent rotation refers to the additional angular deflection of the expansion adjustment plate 40 around the aforementioned pivot point, beyond the basic position tracking.

[0026] This embodiment introduces a two-stage structure consisting of a convergence regulating plate 30 and a divergence regulating plate 40 connected in series by a rotating shaft. This allows the divergence regulating plate 40 to have additional rotational adjustment freedom while still being linked with the convergence regulating plate 30. This scheme mechanically breaks the strong coupling relationship between the fixed throat area and outlet area ratio in traditional linkage regulation, enabling flexible changes in the nozzle area ratio under the same flow conditions. This achieves relatively independent adjustment of flow rate and expansion state, thereby improving the nozzle's expansion matching capability and propulsion efficiency under a wide range of operating conditions.

[0027] In one feasible approach, combining Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, each exhaust channel has a fixed first side plate 11 and a second side plate 12 on both sides of its lateral direction.

[0028] The adjustment system also includes a convergence drive mechanism. The convergence drive mechanism includes a convergence section actuator 51, a driving crank 52, a driven crank 53, and a connecting rod 54. The fixed end of the convergence section actuator 51 is hinged to the outer wall of the first side plate 11 or the second side plate 12. The output end of the convergence section actuator 51 is hinged to the driving crank 52. As a specific mechanical arrangement, the shaft of the driving crank 52 can be mounted on a support formed by the outward extension of the first side plate 11 or the second side plate 12. The driving crank 52 and the driven crank 53 are coaxially fixedly connected. One end of the connecting rod 54 is hinged to the driven crank 53, and the other end is hinged to the rear end of the convergence adjustment plate 30. The front end of the convergence adjustment plate 30 is rotatably connected to the first side plate 11 and the second side plate 12 via a rotating shaft.

[0029] When the piston rod of the convergent section actuator 51 extends, the driving crank 52 and the driven crank 53 rotate, thereby driving the convergent adjustment plate 30 to move inward through the connecting rod 54, reducing the nozzle throat area; when the convergent section actuator 51 retracts, the convergent adjustment plate 30 moves outward through the flow channel, increasing the nozzle throat area.

[0030] This embodiment utilizes a transmission chain constructed by the convergent section actuator 51, the active crank 52, the driven crank 53, and the connecting rod 54 to smoothly convert linear driving force into rotational displacement of the convergent adjustment plate 30. This multi-link structure can withstand the enormous aerodynamic load brought by the high-temperature and high-pressure gas inside the nozzle, ensuring a stable and reliable throat cross-sectional area adjustment process.

[0031] In one possible implementation, such as Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown, a fixed support arm 31 is fixedly connected to the surface of the convergence adjustment plate 30 away from the inner side of the exhaust channel. The adjustment system also includes an expansion section actuator 61. The fixed end of the expansion section actuator 61 is hinged to the fixed support arm 31, and the output end of the expansion section actuator 61 is hinged to the rear end of the expansion adjustment plate 40 away from the inner side of the exhaust channel.

[0032] When the piston rod of the expansion section actuator 61 extends, the expansion adjustment plate 40 moves toward the inside of the flow channel, reducing the nozzle outlet cross-sectional area; when the expansion section actuator 61 retracts, the expansion adjustment plate 40 moves toward the outside of the flow channel, increasing the nozzle outlet cross-sectional area.

[0033] In this embodiment, by setting the fixed end of the expansion section actuator 61 on the follower fixed support arm 31, the expansion section actuator 61 can move synchronously with the convergence adjustment plate 30 without force interference. This dynamic layout ensures the precise implementation of the independent deflection action of the expansion adjustment plate 40 from a kinematic mechanism perspective, and guarantees the non-interference and smooth linkage when the two-stage adjustment mechanism works together.

[0034] In one possible implementation, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, each exhaust channel is enclosed by a fixed flow channel wall, which includes a straight plate 21, a fixed expansion plate 22, and a first side plate 11 and a second side plate 12 corresponding to the two transverse sides. The straight plates 21 on the two long sides of the first exhaust channel 1 and the second exhaust channel 2 are parallel to each other. The expansion adjustment plate 40 is located downstream of the convergence adjustment plate 30 and, together with the fixed expansion plate 22, forms the aerodynamic wall of the nozzle expansion section.

[0035] The first side plate 11 and the second side plate 12 are respectively fixedly connected to the two sides of the straight plate 21 and the fixed expansion plate 22, and the first side plate 11 and the second side plate 12 are connected by a reinforcing beam 13 to form an integral support structure. Along the airflow direction, the intake end of the convergent adjustment plate 30 in each exhaust channel is rotatably connected to the corresponding first side plate 11 and second side plate 12 via a rotating shaft. Optionally, the rotating shaft of the aforementioned driven crank 53 can be installed on the support formed by the outward extension of the reinforcing beam 13.

[0036] In one possible implementation, the solid boundaries of the first side plate 11 and the second side plate 12 cover the sides of the corresponding convergence adjustment plate 30 and expansion adjustment plate 40 in all operating conditions. Specifically, the side plates mainly cover the nozzle convergence section, inner expansion section and outer expansion section regions, and are used to constrain the lateral expansion process of the jet after it leaves the expansion adjustment plate 40 and before it is freed from the constraint of the fixed expansion section.

[0037] In the throat region, the minimum height of the side plate is designed according to the maximum throat height that may occur under various operating conditions, i.e., greater than or equal to the maximum designed throat height. In the expansion section region, the side plate must cover the entire working range of the expansion regulating plate 40, and its boundary is determined by the movement range of the expansion regulating plate 40 and the nozzle exit position. Its height value does not exceed the maximum designed exit height. In the actual design process, the maximum throat area that may occur within the full envelope can be calculated first through the nozzle flow rate relationship, and the side plate height in the throat region can be determined. Subsequently, the maximum exit height can be calculated through the nozzle area ratio relationship and the flow rate relationship, and the smaller value between this height and the maximum height allowed by the structural geometric constraints can be taken as the side plate height in the expansion section exit region.

[0038] This embodiment effectively prevents significant lateral leakage or expansion of the gas during its flow inside the nozzle by designing the coverage area and height boundaries of the side plate, thus utilizing a physical barrier. This feature ensures the controlled expansion process of the jet within the nozzle channel, avoiding energy dissipation and maintaining high-efficiency axial momentum output.

[0039] As an optional implementation to further improve the lateral pneumatic sealing performance, a lateral dynamic sealing structure, such as an elastic metal sealing sheet or a brush seal, can be provided at the relative sliding contact gap between the left and right sides of the convergence adjustment plate 30, the left and right sides of the expansion adjustment plate 40 and the inner wall surfaces of the first side plate 11 and the second side plate 12, so as to completely block the lateral overflow of high-temperature and high-pressure gas under the full-envelope working condition of the two-stage adjustment plate movement.

[0040] In one possible implementation, such as Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, in order to clarify the spatial orientation, the geometric center reference plane that separates the upper and lower exhaust channels is called the longitudinal symmetry plane, and the center plane in the width direction of the two-dimensional nozzle is called the transverse symmetry plane.

[0041] The flow channel walls of the first exhaust channel 1 and the second exhaust channel 2 are mirror-symmetrical about the longitudinal symmetry plane separating them. Specifically, the fixed expansion plates 22 of the two exhaust channels originate from their respective straight plates 21 and converge at the exhaust end of the airflow to jointly form the external aerodynamic profile of the common plug cone. As an optional implementation, the common plug cone structure is formed by a structural partition located between the first exhaust channel 1 and the second exhaust channel 2 extending downstream of the nozzle.

[0042] This embodiment cleverly utilizes a dual-channel structure to construct a common external aerodynamic profile of the two-dimensional plug cone through a mirror-symmetrical flow channel layout and a configuration design where the fixed expansion plates 22 converge at the end. This scheme enables the nozzle to combine the advantages of a plug nozzle, such as strong height compensation capability, short structural length, and suitability for integrated flight and engine design, while also providing a physical aerodynamic basis for implementing dual-channel asymmetric control.

[0043] In one possible implementation, the aerodynamic profiles of the convergent regulating plate 30 and the dilatating regulating plate 40 facing the interior of the exhaust channel are at least one of a straight surface, a polygonal surface, or a curved surface. As a preferred embodiment, both the convergent regulating plate 30 and the dilatating regulating plate 40 have straight aerodynamic profiles.

[0044] This embodiment, by employing aerodynamic surfaces such as straight lines, broken lines, or curves, provides designers with a vast amount of space for flow field matching. Preferably using straight surfaces greatly simplifies the manufacturing process and facilitates precise positioning and calculation of the actual areas of the throat and outlet sections in engineering control, reducing the calibration difficulty of the control system.

[0045] The present invention provides an adjustment method for a two-stage regulating nozzle with a two-stage regulating plate structure as described in any of the foregoing embodiments, which mainly embodies the decoupling control mechanism of nozzle flow rate and expansion state.

[0046] This method includes the following decoupling control steps: S1. Flow regulation step: Power is provided to drive the convergent regulating plate 30 in the first exhaust channel 1 and / or the second exhaust channel 2 to move inward or outward to change the throat cross-sectional area of ​​the corresponding channel. When the opening of the convergent regulating plate 30 increases, the nozzle throat area increases, thus increasing the flow rate through the nozzle; when the opening of the convergent regulating plate 30 decreases, the nozzle throat area decreases, and the flow rate through the nozzle decreases accordingly.

[0047] S2. Area Ratio Adjustment Step: Power is independently supplied to drive the expansion adjustment plate 40 within the first exhaust passage 1 and / or the second exhaust passage 2, causing the expansion adjustment plate 40 to rotate relative to the convergence adjustment plate 30 within the same passage around the intake end pivot, thereby independently changing the outlet cross-sectional area of ​​the corresponding flow channel. When the opening of the expansion adjustment plate 40 increases, the nozzle outlet cross-sectional area increases, and the nozzle area ratio increases, suitable for higher pressure ratio conditions; when the opening of the expansion adjustment plate 40 decreases, the nozzle outlet cross-sectional area decreases, and the nozzle area ratio decreases, suitable for lower pressure ratio conditions.

[0048] This embodiment breaks through the limitation of traditional fixed nozzle area ratio linkage by separating the driving actions of the convergence regulating plate 30 and the expansion regulating plate 40. This method allows the propulsion system to maintain an ideal expansion state by independently adjusting the expansion regulating plate 40 according to flight altitude, even when the engine flow rate remains essentially constant, while operating within a wide flight envelope; or, in some operating conditions where a relatively constant area ratio is required, the convergence regulating plate 30 can be adjusted independently to change the flow rate. This flexible and coordinated control strategy significantly enhances the adaptability of the propulsion system under off-design conditions and improves overall propulsion efficiency.

[0049] In one possible implementation, such as Figure 5 and Figure 6 As shown, during nozzle operation, the flow distribution of the two exhaust channels can be independently controlled as needed.

[0050] S1. Under axial thrust operating conditions, power is simultaneously provided to drive the convergent adjustment plates 30 in the first exhaust passage 1 and the second exhaust passage 2, so that the throat cross-sectional areas of the two exhaust passages remain equal. At this time, the flow rates of the first exhaust passage 1 and the second exhaust passage 2 are basically the same, the jets on both sides expand symmetrically along both sides of the common plug cone, and the total thrust generated by the nozzle is output along the nozzle axis.

[0051] S2. Under aerodynamic thrust vectoring conditions, the differential power supply drives the convergent adjustment plates 30 in the first exhaust channel 1 and the second exhaust channel 2, causing the openings of the convergent adjustment plates 30 on both sides to form a flow difference. When there is a flow difference between the first exhaust channel 1 and the second exhaust channel 2, the flow distribution of the jets on both sides changes, and the thrust generated by the jets on both sides is no longer equal, thus forming an additional longitudinal component force, causing the direction of the total thrust to deflect.

[0052] This implementation achieves flexible control over the direction and magnitude of the thrust vector by adjusting the flow distribution between the upper and lower exhaust channels, thereby enabling aircraft attitude control. This control method achieves vector deflection through a purely aerodynamic flow distribution mechanism. Compared to the traditional method of mechanically swinging the entire nozzle structure, it eliminates the need for overall swinging of the massive nozzle assembly, significantly reducing system mass, improving structural response speed, and ensuring reliable operation.

[0053] In one possible implementation, under the condition of maintaining a stable overall flow rate of the nozzle and needing to change the expansion state, the position of the convergence adjustment plate 30 in each exhaust channel is locked (i.e., the throat area is fixed), and power is provided separately to drive the corresponding expansion adjustment plate 40 to rotate relative to each other, directly adjusting the outlet area ratio.

[0054] In situations where it is necessary to change the overall flow rate of the nozzle while maintaining a stable nozzle area ratio, the convergent regulating plate 30 is driven by a power source to change the nozzle throat area. At the same time, the deflection angle of the expansion regulating plate 40 is adjusted in real time by an independent power source to compensate for the influence of the convergent regulating plate 30 on the exit cross-sectional area, thereby maintaining a basically constant nozzle area ratio and achieving decoupled control of nozzle flow rate and expansion state.

[0055] This implementation method, through a combined static and dynamic compensation control step, ensures that the expansion regulating plate 40 accurately reaches the target aerodynamic position regardless of boundary conditions. This effectively encapsulates the complex motion of the multi-stage regulating mechanism within the underlying control logic, achieving absolute decoupling and stable execution of macroscopic flow control commands and area ratio control commands.

[0056] In the description of this invention, it should be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing this invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on this invention.

[0057] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0058] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "connected" and "linked" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral part; they can refer to a mechanical connection, an electrical connection, or a connection that allows communication between them; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; they can refer to the internal communication of two components or the interaction between two components, unless otherwise explicitly limited. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention according to the specific circumstances.

[0059] In this invention, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, "above" or "below" the second feature can mean that the first feature is in direct contact with the second feature, or that the first feature is in indirect contact with the second feature through an intermediate medium. Furthermore, "above," "over," and "on top" of the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly above or diagonally above the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a higher horizontal level than the second feature. "Below," "below," and "under" the second feature can mean that the first feature is directly below or diagonally below the second feature, or simply that the first feature is at a lower horizontal level than the second feature.

[0060] In this invention, the terms "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "example," "specific example," or "some examples," etc., refer to a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or example, which is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or examples. Moreover, without contradiction, those skilled in the art can combine and integrate the different embodiments or examples described in this specification, as well as the features of different embodiments or examples.

[0061] Finally, it should be noted that the above-described embodiments are merely specific implementations of the present invention, used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, and not to limit them. The scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that any person skilled in the art can still modify or easily conceive of changes to the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features; and these modifications, changes, or substitutions do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, and should all be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A binary plug nozzle with a two-stage regulating plate structure, comprising a first exhaust channel (1) and a second exhaust channel (2), wherein a common plug cone extending along the airflow direction is provided between the first exhaust channel (1) and the second exhaust channel (2); Its features are, Each of the aforementioned exhaust channels is equipped with an independent adjustment system; The adjustment system includes a convergence adjustment plate (30) disposed in the convergence section of the corresponding exhaust passage and an expansion adjustment plate (40) disposed in the expansion section. The convergence adjustment plate (30) is used to adjust the throat cross-sectional area of ​​the corresponding exhaust passage. Along the airflow direction, the air inlet of the expansion regulating plate (40) is rotatably connected to the exhaust of the convergence regulating plate (30) via a rotating shaft; The expansion adjustment plate (40) is configured to move in conjunction with the convergence adjustment plate (30), and can rotate independently relative to the convergence adjustment plate (30) around the air intake shaft of the expansion adjustment plate (40) under power drive, so as to independently adjust the outlet cross-sectional area of ​​the corresponding exhaust channel.

2. The binary plug nozzle with a two-stage adjusting plate structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, Each of the exhaust channels is provided with a fixed first side plate (11) and a second side plate (12) on both sides of the lateral direction. The adjustment system also includes a convergence drive mechanism, which includes a convergence section actuator (51), a driving crank (52), a driven crank (53), and a connecting rod (54). The fixed end of the converging section actuator (51) is hinged to the outer wall of the first side plate (11) or the second side plate (12), and the output end of the converging section actuator (51) is hinged to the active crank (52); the active crank (52) and the driven crank (53) are coaxially fixedly connected; one end of the connecting rod (54) is hinged to the driven crank (53), and the other end is hinged to the converging adjustment plate (30).

3. The binary plug nozzle with a two-stage adjusting plate structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, The convergence adjustment plate (30) has a fixed support arm (31) fixedly connected to the plate surface facing away from the inner side of the exhaust channel. The adjustment system also includes an expansion section actuator (61), the fixed end of which is hinged to the fixed support arm (31), and the output end of which is hinged to the side of the expansion adjustment plate (40) away from the inner side of the exhaust channel.

4. The binary plug nozzle with a two-stage adjusting plate structure according to claim 2, characterized in that, Each of the exhaust channels is enclosed by a fixed flow channel wall, which includes a straight plate (21), a fixed expansion plate (22), and a first side plate (11) and a second side plate (12) corresponding to the two transverse sides. The first side plate (11) and the second side plate (12) are respectively fixedly connected to the two sides of the straight plate (21) and the fixed expansion plate (22), and the first side plate (11) and the second side plate (12) are fixedly connected by a reinforcing beam (13) to form a support frame; Along the airflow direction, the air inlet of the convergence adjustment plate (30) in each exhaust channel is rotatably connected to the corresponding first side plate (11) and second side plate (12) via a rotating shaft.

5. The binary plug nozzle with a two-stage adjusting plate structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The solid boundaries of the first side plate (11) and the second side plate (12) cover the side of the active space of the corresponding convergence adjustment plate (30) and the expansion adjustment plate (40) under all working conditions; the minimum height of the side plate in the throat area is greater than or equal to the maximum designed throat height, and the height of the side plate in the outlet area is not greater than the maximum designed outlet height.

6. The binary plug nozzle with a two-stage adjusting plate structure according to claim 4, characterized in that, The flow channel wall of the first exhaust channel (1) and the flow channel wall of the second exhaust channel (2) are mirror-symmetrically distributed about the geometric center reference plane separating the two; the fixed expansion plates (22) of the two exhaust channels start from their respective corresponding straight plates (21) and converge at the airflow exhaust end to jointly form the aerodynamic profile of the common plug cone.

7. The binary plug nozzle with a two-stage adjusting plate structure according to claim 1, characterized in that, The aerodynamic surfaces of the convergence adjustment plate (30) and the expansion adjustment plate (40) facing the interior of the exhaust channel are at least one of a straight surface, a broken line surface, or a curved surface.

8. An adjustment method for a binary plug nozzle with a two-stage adjustment plate structure as described in any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that, This includes the following decoupling control steps: Flow regulation step: Provide power to drive the convergence adjustment plate (30) in the first exhaust channel (1) and / or the second exhaust channel (2) to move to the inside or outside of the flow channel, so as to change the throat cross-sectional area of ​​the corresponding flow channel; Area ratio adjustment step: Independently provide power to drive the expansion adjustment plate (40) in the first exhaust channel (1) and / or the second exhaust channel (2), so that the expansion adjustment plate (40) rotates relative to the convergence adjustment plate (30) in the same channel around the intake end pivot, so as to independently change the outlet cross-sectional area of ​​the corresponding flow channel.

9. The adjustment method for a binary plug nozzle with a two-stage adjustment plate structure according to claim 8, characterized in that, It also includes thrust vector control steps: Under axial thrust working conditions, power is simultaneously provided to drive the convergence adjustment plate (30) in the first exhaust channel (1) and the second exhaust channel (2) so that the throat cross-sectional area of ​​the two exhaust channels remains equal. Under aerodynamic thrust vectoring, the differential power provides power to drive the convergent adjustment plates (30) in the first exhaust passage (1) and the second exhaust passage (2), so that the opening of the convergent adjustment plates (30) on both sides is different to form a flow difference.

10. The adjustment method for a binary plug nozzle with a two-stage adjustment plate structure according to claim 8, characterized in that, Under the condition of maintaining a stable overall flow rate of the nozzle and needing to change the expansion state, the position of the convergence adjustment plate (30) in each exhaust channel is locked, and power is provided separately to drive the corresponding expansion adjustment plate (40) to rotate relative to each other. When it is necessary to change the overall flow rate of the nozzle while maintaining a stable nozzle area ratio, the relative deflection angle of the corresponding expansion adjustment plate (40) is dynamically compensated by independent power drive while the convergence adjustment plate (30) moves.

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