Intelligent power distribution management system, target vehicle, and intelligent power distribution management method

Abstract

The present application relates to power distribution technology field, specifically to intelligent power distribution management system, target vehicle and intelligent power distribution management method. The intelligent power distribution management system comprises: a vehicle body domain controller and an intelligent power distribution device, the intelligent power distribution device is pluggable connected with each load in the target vehicle;Among them: the vehicle body domain controller is used for obtaining the multi-source vehicle signal corresponding to the target vehicle;The multi-source vehicle signal comprises at least two of vehicle dynamic signal, vehicle body state signal, occupant state signal, environment perception signal, fault signal;Based on the multi-source vehicle signal, the current driving scene type is determined, and the current driving scene type is transmitted to the intelligent power distribution device;The intelligent power distribution device is used for determining at least one target load from each load based on the current driving scene type;And each target load is executed preset power distribution management action. The preset power distribution management action is executed, the standardization and precision of load power distribution are realized, and the stable operation of load is guaranteed.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power distribution technology, specifically to an intelligent power distribution management system, a target vehicle, and an intelligent power distribution management method. Background Technology

[0002] With the rapid development of vehicle electrification and intelligent technologies, the number and types of on-board electrical appliances have exploded. Vehicle power consumption management has become a core technology for improving the driving range of electric vehicles and optimizing the energy consumption of traditional fuel vehicles. However, existing vehicle power distribution solutions generally suffer from low levels of intelligence and poor adaptability to various scenarios, making it difficult to meet the needs of refined and dynamic power consumption management.

[0003] Existing technologies can only achieve basic on / off control of load power supply. If complex power distribution operations such as safely shutting down the vehicle are required, such as closing the electric door system while the vehicle is in motion, collaborative control must be achieved through a cumbersome "request-response" handshake protocol between controllers. This not only results in a lengthy control process but also heavily relies on the real-time performance and reliability of the vehicle network communication.

[0004] Therefore, current vehicle power consumption management technology is still in a crude and static stage, unable to adapt to dynamic scenarios such as driving, parking, passengers leaving their seats, and driving in the rain, resulting in a large amount of unnecessary energy waste and hindering the further development of vehicle electrification and intelligence.

[0005] Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop an intelligent power distribution management system that can deeply integrate multi-dimensional vehicle status information and realize scenario-based adaptive power distribution in order to address the shortcomings of existing technologies. Summary of the Invention

[0006] This invention provides an intelligent power distribution management system, a target vehicle, and an intelligent power distribution management method to address the urgent need to develop an intelligent power distribution management system that can deeply integrate multi-dimensional vehicle status information and achieve scenario-based adaptive power distribution.

[0007] In a first aspect, the present invention provides an intelligent power distribution management system applied to a target vehicle. The intelligent power distribution management system includes: a body domain controller and intelligent power distribution equipment, wherein the body domain controller and the intelligent power distribution equipment are communicatively connected, and the intelligent power distribution equipment is pluggably connected to various loads in the target vehicle; wherein: The vehicle body domain controller is used to acquire multi-source vehicle signals corresponding to the target vehicle. Based on multi-source vehicle signals, the current driving scenario type is determined and transmitted to the intelligent power distribution equipment. Intelligent power distribution equipment is used to identify at least one target load from various loads based on the current driving scenario type, and to perform preset power distribution management actions on each target load.

[0008] The intelligent power distribution management system provided in this application embodiment acquires multi-source vehicle signals from the vehicle domain controller, determines the current driving scenario type based on these signals, and transmits the current driving scenario type to the intelligent power distribution equipment. This ensures the comprehensiveness and accuracy of scenario judgment, avoids misjudgment based on a single signal, and improves the reliability of driving scenario recognition. It aligns with the actual operating state of the vehicle, providing a scientific basis for subsequent precise power distribution and avoiding energy waste or functional failure caused by blind power distribution. Based on the current driving scenario type, the intelligent power distribution equipment identifies at least one target load from various loads and executes preset power distribution management actions on each target load. Intelligent selection of target loads avoids uniform power distribution to all loads, achieving on-demand power supply and reducing overall vehicle energy consumption. The intelligent power distribution equipment and loads are pluggable, improving the convenience of load replacement and maintenance and enhancing system scalability. Executing preset power distribution management actions achieves standardized and precise load power distribution, ensuring stable load operation.

[0009] In one alternative implementation, the multi-source vehicle signals include at least two of the following: vehicle dynamic signals, body status signals, occupant status signals, environmental perception signals, and fault signals.

[0010] In one optional embodiment, the intelligent power distribution equipment includes a communication module, a power distribution controller, and an electronic switch module matrix; wherein the power distribution controller is communicatively connected to the vehicle domain controller via the communication module, the output terminal of the power distribution controller is connected to the input terminal of the electronic switch module matrix, and the output terminal of each electronic switch module in the electronic switch module matrix is ​​electrically connected to each load; wherein: The communication module is used to receive the current driving scenario type sent by the vehicle domain controller; The power distribution controller is used to determine at least one target load from among the various loads based on the current driving scenario type; and to perform preset power distribution management actions on each target load based on the electronic switch module matrix connected to each target load.

[0011] The intelligent power distribution management system provided in this application embodiment includes a communication module that receives the current driving scenario type from the vehicle domain controller. This ensures stable communication between the vehicle domain controller and the power distribution controller, guaranteeing accurate and real-time transmission of scenario type commands, avoiding packet loss and delays, and ensuring timely power distribution control. The independent communication module reduces the computational load on the power distribution controller, allowing it to focus on load selection and power distribution action control, improving overall system efficiency. The power distribution controller determines at least one target load based on the current driving scenario type. Target loads are selected on demand, avoiding uniform power supply to all loads, achieving "scenario matching + precise power supply," effectively reducing overall vehicle energy consumption. Load matching is completed automatically without manual intervention, adapting to the dynamic needs of different driving scenarios and improving the intelligence level of the power distribution system. Based on the electronic switch module matrix connected to the target load, the power distribution controller executes preset power distribution management actions on the target load. Through precise execution of power distribution actions (off, on, etc.) by the electronic switch module matrix, standardized and precise load power distribution is achieved, ensuring stable load operation. The power distribution controller and the electronic switch module matrix work together to achieve rapid response to power distribution actions, improving the reliability and controllability of the power distribution system.

[0012] In one optional implementation, the intelligent power distribution equipment further includes a memory connected to the power distribution controller, wherein: The memory is used to store load attribute tags corresponding to each load; the load attribute tags include at least one of the following: security level tag, area tag, function tag, power consumption tag, and real-time tag corresponding to the load; The power distribution controller is used to determine the target tag combination corresponding to the current driving scenario type based on the current driving scenario type; the target tag combination includes at least one load attribute tag corresponding to a load; Based on the target label combination, at least one target load is determined from each load.

[0013] The intelligent power distribution management system provided in this application embodiment stores load attribute tags corresponding to each load in its memory. Centralized storage of core load attributes allows the power distribution controller to quickly obtain load information locally, without relying on the vehicle domain controller, thus improving power distribution response speed. Tags cover multi-dimensional load characteristics, providing comprehensive and accurate judgment criteria for subsequent scenario-based load screening, avoiding screening bias. Based on the current driving scenario type, the power distribution controller determines the corresponding target tag combination, achieving precise mapping between driving scenarios and load tags, making load screening more targeted and aligned with the actual power supply needs of the scenario. No hard-coded load matching is required, flexibly adapting to dynamic changes in different scenarios, improving system adaptability and scalability. The power distribution controller determines at least one target load based on the target tag combination. Accurate screening of target loads that meet scenario requirements avoids ineffective power supply, reduces overall vehicle energy consumption, and achieves on-demand power distribution. The screening logic is simple and efficient, requiring no manual intervention, improving the intelligence level of the power distribution system, and adapting to vehicle models with different load configurations.

[0014] In one optional implementation, the memory is also used to store a library of preset action combinations corresponding to each driving scenario type; The power distribution controller is used to determine the target action combination corresponding to the current driving scenario type from the preset action combination library based on the current driving scenario type; and to execute preset power distribution management actions on each target load based on the target action combination. The preset power distribution management actions include at least one of immediate shutdown, immediate recovery, current limiting power supply, pulse power supply, status monitoring, and delayed shutdown.

[0015] The intelligent power distribution management system provided in this application embodiment stores a preset action combination library corresponding to various driving scenario types in its memory. The mapping relationship between scenarios and action combinations is centrally fixed, eliminating the need for real-time action calculation and improving the response speed of power distribution actions. The action combination library can be preset and updated, flexibly adapting to the power distribution needs of different scenarios, enhancing the system's scalability and maintainability. Power loss is preserved, ensuring that action combinations can be quickly recalled during scenario switching, guaranteeing the continuity and reliability of power distribution control. The power distribution controller determines the corresponding target action combination based on the current driving scenario type. This achieves precise binding between scenarios and power distribution actions, making action execution more closely aligned with scenario requirements and improving the targeting of power distribution control. No manual intervention or hard-coded adjustments are required; the system automatically matches action combinations, improving the system's intelligence level and operational efficiency. Based on the target action combination, the power distribution controller executes preset power distribution management actions on the target load. Multiple power distribution actions can flexibly adapt to different scenarios (such as energy saving, protection, and fault handling), meeting diverse power distribution needs. Actions are precisely applied to the target load, avoiding ineffective actions, reducing energy consumption, and ensuring the safe and stable operation of the load. Standardized procedures enable the standardization of power distribution management, thereby improving system reliability and traceability.

[0016] In one optional implementation, the electronic switch module matrix consists of multiple eFuse matrix chips. Each eFuse matrix chip is also used to collect and transmit the current status data of the target load corresponding to the eFuse matrix chip back to the power distribution controller in real time. The current status data includes at least one of the following: actual switch status, current real-time current, current real-time voltage, and current chip temperature. The power distribution controller is used to compare the current status data corresponding to each target load with the expected status data corresponding to the target load. If the current status data matches the expected status data, then the action is considered to have been executed successfully. If the current status data corresponding to the target load is inconsistent with the expected status data, the target load is determined to be an electrical fault.

[0017] The intelligent power distribution management system provided in this application embodiment uses an eFuse matrix chip to collect and transmit the current status data of the target load in real time. It collects multi-dimensional data such as actual switch status, current, voltage, and chip temperature, providing physical truth for power distribution action verification and avoiding misjudgments caused by software speculation. Real-time transmission of current status data enables closed-loop monitoring of power distribution actions, promptly capturing abnormal load states and improving the timeliness of system safety protection. The power distribution controller compares the current status data with the expected status data. This data comparison achieves accurate verification of the power distribution action execution results, ensuring that actions are implemented according to preset logic and preventing "loss of control" after command issuance. The comparison logic is simple and efficient, with fast hardware-level execution, not consuming excessive computing resources and ensuring system response speed. The power distribution controller determines whether the action was successful or an electrical fault occurred based on the comparison results.

[0018] Successful status consistency determination ensures the effective implementation of power distribution strategies and guarantees stable load operation according to scenario requirements. Status inconsistency determination identifies electrical faults, enabling automatic fault identification and rapid detection, upgrading fault handling from "passive repair" to "proactive perception," and reducing the risk of fault escalation. Precise fault determination targets a single specific load, avoiding indiscriminate downtime and improving system fault tolerance and vehicle power supply continuity.

[0019] In one alternative implementation, after determining that the target load is an electrical fault, the power distribution controller is used to suspend all power distribution management actions corresponding to the faulty load. The eFuse matrix chip corresponding to the faulty load is used to identify the current status data of the faulty load and determine the fault type of the faulty load; based on the fault type, the preset measures corresponding to the fault type are implemented on the faulty load.

[0020] The intelligent power distribution management system provided in this application embodiment suspends all power distribution management actions of the eFuse matrix chip corresponding to the faulty load in the power distribution controller. It accurately locates the faulty channel, suspending only the eFuse matrix chip corresponding to the faulty load without affecting the power supply to other normal loads, thus avoiding "one fault leading to a global paralysis." The emergency pause command has high priority and millisecond-level response, quickly curbing the escalation of the fault, reducing secondary risks such as short-circuit current and chip overheating, and improving system safety. The eFuse matrix chip corresponding to the faulty load identifies the fault type. It autonomously identifies faults based on real-time collected status data, eliminating the need for additional calculations by the power distribution controller, achieving rapid local diagnosis and improving fault response efficiency. It accurately matches fault types (short circuit, open circuit, etc.), providing a reliable basis for subsequent targeted handling, avoiding a "one-size-fits-all" approach, and improving the accuracy of fault handling. The eFuse matrix chip implements preset measures according to the fault type. Differentiated handling strategies are implemented for different fault types, balancing fault isolation and functional protection, improving system fault tolerance. Preset measures are executed at the hardware level, with fast response speed and high reliability, eliminating the need for frame-by-frame software control, ensuring the timeliness and effectiveness of fault handling.

[0021] In one optional implementation, the intelligent power distribution equipment further includes: a look-ahead current sampling hardware circuit; the look-ahead current sampling hardware circuit is electrically connected to the power distribution controller, wherein: The forward current sampling hardware circuit is used to collect the target load current whose current value is less than a preset current threshold and transmit the target load current to the power distribution controller. Power distribution controller; used to transmit the target load current and the current change to the vehicle body domain controller when the current change corresponding to the target load current is greater than a preset change threshold. The vehicle body domain controller is used to determine whether the target vehicle has exited the current driving scenario based on the target load current and the current change. If the target vehicle has exited the current driving scenario, it sends a current recovery command to the intelligent power distribution equipment. The current recovery command is used to instruct the intelligent power distribution equipment to resume the preset power distribution management actions for each target load.

[0022] The intelligent power distribution management system provided in this application embodiment uses a look-ahead current sampling hardware circuit to collect weak target load currents and transmit them to intelligent power distribution equipment. It can capture μA-level weak currents, filling the monitoring blind spots of conventional sampling circuits and providing accurate and reliable raw data support for scene exit prediction. Independent hardware circuitry for data acquisition does not occupy the computing resources of the power distribution controller, ensuring the operational efficiency of the core functions of power distribution control. The intelligent power distribution equipment judges the current change and transmits the data to the vehicle domain controller. Data reporting is triggered based on the current change, avoiding invalid data transmission and reducing the load on the vehicle bus communication. Synchronous transmission of current values ​​and changes provides the vehicle domain controller with complete judgment criteria, improving the accuracy of scene exit recognition.

[0023] The vehicle domain controller determines when a driving scenario exits and issues a current recovery command. Predicting scenario exit based on subtle current changes enables seamless switching between driving scenarios, avoiding the delays of traditional sensor triggers and improving user experience. Accurately identifying scenario exits and issuing recovery commands prevents loads from remaining in energy-saving / off states, ensuring rapid response to user needs. The command drives the load to restore power distribution, achieving closed-loop control of "scenario exit - power restoration," balancing energy saving and functional availability.

[0024] In one optional implementation, a forward current sampling hardware circuit is used to collect circuit currents in the target vehicle whose current values ​​are less than a preset current threshold; and transmit the circuit currents to the power distribution controller. The power distribution controller is used to transmit circuit current to the vehicle body domain controller; The vehicle body domain controller is used to predict faults or wake up target loads in advance based on circuit current.

[0025] The intelligent power distribution management system provided in this application embodiment collects weak circuit currents through a look-ahead current sampling hardware circuit and transmits them to intelligent power distribution equipment. It can capture μA-level weak currents, covering the monitoring blind spots of conventional sampling circuits, providing accurate raw data for fault prediction and early load wake-up. Independent hardware circuit acquisition does not occupy the computing resources of the power distribution controller, ensuring the operational efficiency of the core functions of power distribution control. The intelligent power distribution equipment transmits the circuit current to the vehicle domain controller. It directly forwards the raw current data, avoiding distortion caused by data processing, ensuring that the vehicle domain controller obtains accurate current sensing information. It only undertakes data forwarding functions, without additional computation, reducing its own load and focusing on the core tasks of power distribution control and fault handling. It uses a standard vehicle communication link for transmission, adapting to the vehicle's electrical architecture, ensuring the stability and real-time performance of data transmission. The vehicle domain controller realizes fault prediction or early target load wake-up based on the circuit current. Fault prediction dimension: By identifying potential faults such as insulation degradation and poor line contact through the trend changes of weak currents, fault protection is upgraded from "post-event handling" to "pre-event warning," reducing the incidence of obvious faults and the risk of fault escalation, and improving the safety of the entire vehicle electrical system. Early wake-up dimension: Based on weak current signals, the user's intention is predicted, and the load is pre-powered and pre-initialized in advance to eliminate load wake-up delay and achieve "seamless wake-up and zero waiting time", which significantly optimizes the user experience; at the same time, it avoids invalid wake-up in combination with the scenario and takes into account energy saving needs.

[0026] Secondly, the present invention provides a target vehicle, which includes a vehicle body and an intelligent power distribution management system according to the first aspect or any corresponding embodiment described above.

[0027] Thirdly, the present invention provides an intelligent power distribution management method applied to a target vehicle, the method comprising: Acquire multi-source vehicle signals corresponding to the target vehicle; the multi-source vehicle signals include at least two of the following: vehicle dynamic signals, body status signals, occupant status signals, environmental perception signals, and fault signals; The current driving scenario type is determined based on multi-source vehicle signals; Based on the current driving scenario type, determine at least one target load from the loads corresponding to the target vehicle; Execute preset power distribution management actions for each target load.

[0028] The intelligent power distribution management method provided in this application acquires multi-source vehicle signals, determines the current driving scenario type based on these signals, and transmits the current driving scenario type to the intelligent power distribution equipment. This ensures the comprehensiveness and accuracy of scenario judgment, avoids misjudgment based on a single signal, and improves the reliability of driving scenario recognition. It aligns with the actual operating state of the vehicle, providing a scientific basis for subsequent precise power distribution and avoiding energy waste or functional failure caused by blind power distribution. Based on the current driving scenario type, at least one target load is identified from various loads; and preset power distribution management actions are executed on each target load. Intelligent selection of target loads avoids uniform power distribution to all loads, achieving on-demand power supply and reducing overall vehicle energy consumption. The intelligent power distribution equipment and loads are pluggable, improving the convenience of load replacement and maintenance, and enhancing system scalability. Executing preset power distribution management actions achieves standardized and precise load power distribution, ensuring stable load operation.

[0029] In one optional implementation, based on the current driving scenario type, at least one target load is determined from the loads corresponding to the target vehicle, including: obtaining load attribute tags corresponding to each load; the load attribute tags include at least one of the following: a safety level tag, a region tag, a function tag, a power consumption tag, and a real-time tag; based on the current driving scenario type, determining a target tag combination corresponding to the current driving scenario type; the target tag combination includes a load attribute tag corresponding to at least one load; and based on the target tag combination, determining at least one target load from the loads.

[0030] The intelligent power distribution management method provided in this application obtains load attribute tags corresponding to each load. This enables the power distribution controller to quickly obtain load information locally, without relying on the vehicle domain controller, thus improving power distribution response speed. The tags cover multi-dimensional load characteristics, providing a comprehensive and accurate basis for subsequent scenario-based load screening and avoiding screening bias. Based on the current driving scenario type, the corresponding target tag combination is determined, achieving accurate mapping between driving scenarios and load tags, making load screening more targeted and aligned with the actual power supply needs of the scenario. No hard-coded load matching is required, flexibly adapting to dynamic changes in different scenarios, improving system adaptability and scalability. Based on the target tag combination, at least one target load is determined. Accurate screening of target loads that meet scenario requirements avoids ineffective power supply, reduces overall vehicle energy consumption, and achieves on-demand power distribution. The screening logic is simple and efficient, requiring no manual intervention, improving the intelligence level of the power distribution system, and adapting to vehicle models with different load configurations.

[0031] In one optional implementation, a preset power distribution management action is performed on each target load, including: obtaining a preset action combination library corresponding to each driving scenario type; determining a target action combination corresponding to the current driving scenario type from the preset action combination library based on the current driving scenario type; and performing a preset power distribution management action on each target load based on the target action combination, wherein the preset power distribution management action includes at least one of immediate shutdown, immediate recovery, current limiting power supply, pulse power supply, status monitoring, and delayed shutdown.

[0032] The intelligent power distribution management method provided in this application obtains a preset action combination library corresponding to each driving scenario type. It centrally solidifies the mapping relationship between scenarios and action combinations, eliminating the need for real-time action calculation and improving the response speed of power distribution actions. The action combination library is preset and updatable, flexibly adapting to the power distribution needs of different scenarios, enhancing system scalability and maintainability. It saves actions even after power failure, ensuring that action combinations can be quickly recalled during scenario switching, guaranteeing the continuity and reliability of power distribution control. Based on the current driving scenario type, it determines the corresponding target action combination. This achieves precise binding between scenarios and power distribution actions, making action execution more aligned with scenario requirements and improving the targeting of power distribution control. It automatically matches action combinations without manual intervention or hard-coded adjustments, improving the system's intelligence level and operational efficiency. Based on the target action combination, it executes preset power distribution management actions on the target load. Multiple power distribution actions can flexibly adapt to different scenarios (such as energy saving, protection, and fault handling), meeting diverse power distribution needs. Actions are precisely applied to the target load, avoiding invalid actions, reducing energy consumption, and ensuring the safe and stable operation of the load. Standardized action execution achieves the standardization of power distribution management, improving system reliability and traceability.

[0033] In one optional implementation, after performing preset power distribution management actions on each target load, the method further includes: real-time acquisition of current status data of each target load; the current status data includes at least one of actual switch status, current real-time current, current real-time voltage, and current chip temperature; comparing the current status data corresponding to each target load with the expected status data corresponding to the target load; if the current status data is consistent with the expected status data, the action is determined to have been successfully executed; if the current status data corresponding to the target load is inconsistent with the expected status data, the target load is determined to have an electrical fault.

[0034] The intelligent power distribution management method provided in this application collects real-time status data of each target load. It collects multi-dimensional data such as actual switch status, current, voltage, and chip temperature to provide physical truth for power distribution action verification, avoiding misjudgments caused by software speculation. Real-time feedback of current status data enables closed-loop monitoring of power distribution actions, timely capture of abnormal load states, and improved timeliness of system safety protection. The method compares current status data with expected status data. Through data comparison, it achieves accurate verification of the execution results of power distribution actions, ensuring that actions are implemented according to preset logic and avoiding "loss of control" after command issuance. The comparison logic is simple and efficient, with fast hardware-level execution, not consuming excessive computing resources, and ensuring system response speed. Based on the comparison results, it determines whether the action is successful or an electrical fault occurs. Consistent status indicates successful action, ensuring effective implementation of the power distribution strategy and ensuring stable operation of the load according to scenario requirements. Inconsistent status indicates an electrical fault, enabling automatic fault identification and rapid discovery, upgrading fault handling from "passive repair" to "proactive perception," reducing the risk of fault escalation. Accurate fault determination points to a single target load, avoiding indiscriminate shutdowns and improving system fault tolerance and vehicle power supply continuity.

[0035] In one optional implementation, after determining that the target load is an electrical fault, the method further includes: suspending all power distribution management actions corresponding to the faulty load; identifying the current status data corresponding to the faulty load to determine the fault type corresponding to the faulty load; and implementing preset measures corresponding to the fault type on the faulty load according to the fault type.

[0036] The intelligent power distribution management method provided in this application suspends all power distribution management actions of the eFuse matrix chip corresponding to the faulty load. It accurately identifies the fault channel, suspending only the actions of the eFuse matrix chip corresponding to the faulty load, without affecting the power supply to other normal loads, thus avoiding "one fault leading to a global paralysis." The emergency pause command has high priority and millisecond-level response, quickly curbing the expansion of the fault, reducing secondary risks such as short-circuit current and chip overheating, and improving system safety. The eFuse matrix chip corresponding to the faulty load identifies the fault type. It autonomously identifies faults based on real-time collected status data, requiring no additional computation, achieving rapid local diagnosis and improving fault response efficiency. It accurately matches fault types (short circuit, open circuit, etc.), providing a reliable basis for subsequent targeted handling, avoiding a "one-size-fits-all" approach, and improving the accuracy of fault handling. The eFuse matrix chip implements preset measures according to the fault type. Differentiated handling strategies are implemented for different fault types, balancing fault isolation and functional protection, improving system fault tolerance. Preset measures are executed at the hardware level, with fast response speed and high reliability, eliminating the need for frame-by-frame software control, ensuring the timeliness and effectiveness of fault handling. Attached Figure Description

[0037] To more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the specific embodiments or the prior art will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained from these drawings without creative effort.

[0038] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the first structure of the intelligent power distribution management system according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of a second structure of the intelligent power distribution management system according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of intelligent power distribution equipment in an intelligent power distribution management system according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of a third structure of the intelligent power distribution management system according to an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a flowchart illustrating the intelligent power distribution management method according to an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0039] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0040] It is understood that before using the technical solutions disclosed in the various embodiments of the present invention, users should be informed of the types, scope of use, and usage scenarios of the personal information involved in the present invention and their authorization should be obtained in accordance with relevant laws and regulations through appropriate means.

[0041] The terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include one or more of that feature. In the description of this invention, "a plurality of" means two or more, unless otherwise explicitly specified.

[0042] This application provides an intelligent power distribution management system applied to a target vehicle, such as... Figure 1 As shown, the intelligent power distribution management system includes: a vehicle domain controller and intelligent power distribution equipment, wherein the vehicle domain controller and the intelligent power distribution equipment are communicatively connected, and the intelligent power distribution equipment is pluggably connected to each load in the target vehicle; wherein: The vehicle body domain controller is used to acquire multi-source vehicle signals corresponding to the target vehicle. The multi-source vehicle signals include at least two of the following: vehicle dynamic signals, vehicle body status signals, occupant status signals, environmental perception signals, and fault signals. Based on the multi-source vehicle signals, the current driving scenario type is determined and transmitted to the intelligent power distribution equipment. Intelligent power distribution equipment is used to identify at least one target load from various loads based on the current driving scenario type, and to perform preset power distribution management actions on each target load.

[0043] Specifically, the intelligent power distribution management system mainly consists of two parts: the vehicle domain controller (VIU) and the intelligent power distribution equipment (IDU / intelligent power distribution box). The two are interconnected through the vehicle CAN / CANFD network. The intelligent power distribution equipment establishes an electrical connection with all on-board loads inside the target vehicle through a pluggable power supply interface, so as to realize independent, precise and safe power distribution control of the entire vehicle load.

[0044] The vehicle domain controller is the decision-making center of the intelligent power distribution management system. It is responsible for global signal acquisition, scenario judgment and command issuance, but does not directly drive the load.

[0045] The vehicle domain controller collects multi-dimensional operating status signals of the target vehicle through the vehicle bus and hardwired connections. The multi-source vehicle signals include at least two of the following categories: vehicle dynamic signals: vehicle speed, gear position, accelerator pedal, braking status, etc.; vehicle status signals: door lock status, wiper status, light status, charging connection status, etc.; occupant status signals: seat occupancy, seat belt status, occupant detection signals, etc.; environmental perception signals: rainfall, light intensity, interior temperature, humidity, ambient noise, etc.; fault signals: collision signals, high voltage faults, insulation faults, electrical fault signals, etc.

[0046] The vehicle domain controller performs validity verification, filtering, and fusion processing on the collected multi-channel signals, and performs matching and judgment according to the preset scene rule library to identify the scene in which the vehicle is currently located.

[0047] Specifically, the preset scenario rule base is not a collection of fragmented experiences, but rather follows a unified rule model. Each preset scenario rule can be formally expressed as: Preset Scenario Rule = (Trigger Condition Set, Hold Condition Set, Exit Condition Set). Wherein: the commonality of flexible combination of conditions, and the logical operation unit of multi-source signals.

[0048] Conditions are formed by combining atomic conditions using logical operators (AND, OR, NOT) and timing operators (duration, debouncing time). Atomic conditions are single-state signals originating from the vehicle bus or hardwired data, for example: Comparison category: Vehicle speed ≥ 30km / h, Battery SOC < 20%, External temperature > 15℃; Status category: Gear = P, Door lock = Locked, Seat occupied = Empty; Event category: Collision signal triggered, Charging gun inserted, Wiper activated; Valid category: Vehicle speed signal valid, Radar signal valid.

[0049] Time operator: The above conditions must remain stable for a certain period of time (e.g., ≥10s) to be considered valid, in order to avoid jitter and false triggering.

[0050] Example combinations: (vehicle speed ≥ km / h and lasting 10 seconds) with (door lock = locked) and (driving mode = Driving). Any scenario can be broken down into several atomic conditions and their time and logic combinations. This combination capability is universal and not limited to any specific numerical value.

[0051] Examples include: driving energy-saving scenarios, parking unattended scenarios, front passenger / rear seat unattended scenarios, rainy driving scenarios, parking charging scenarios, and collision fault scenarios. For instance, a driving scenario occurs when the user mode is in driving mode, the vehicle speed is valid and greater than or equal to 30 kph for 10 seconds, and the central locking system is locked. A front passenger unattended mode simultaneously meets the following two conditions: the front passenger seat is unattended for more than 120 seconds, and the front passenger seatbelt is detected as unfastened for more than 120 seconds. A rear seat unattended mode simultaneously meets the following two conditions: the rear seat is unattended for more than 120 seconds, and the rear seatbelt is detected as unfastened for more than 120 seconds.

[0052] The vehicle domain controller will identify the current driving scenario type and send it to the intelligent power distribution equipment in the form of a command via the CAN / CANFD communication network to complete the issuance of decision commands.

[0053] Intelligent power distribution equipment is the execution and sensing unit of the intelligent power distribution management system, and has the capabilities of local decision-making, tag recognition, action execution, and fault protection.

[0054] The intelligent power distribution equipment receives scene commands corresponding to the current driving scenario type from the vehicle domain controller through the vehicle communication network, and completes command parsing and verification.

[0055] Intelligent power distribution equipment identifies at least one target load from various loads based on the current driving scenario, forming a target load group. This process does not rely on fixed branch numbers or hard coding, achieving flexible, precise, and batch screening.

[0056] The intelligent power distribution equipment invokes a sequence of hardware-level actions based on the scenario type and target load attributes to perform corresponding power distribution management actions on the target load, including: immediate shutdown, immediate turn-on, multi-level current limiting, pulse power supply, delayed shutdown, and hardware latching. The execution process is completed independently and locally by the intelligent power distribution equipment, without the need for real-time intervention from the vehicle domain controller. Even if the vehicle network is offline, safety-related actions can still be executed normally, ensuring functional safety.

[0057] For example, consider the active seatbelt controller as the target load. The active seatbelt controller contains an MCU, CAN transceiver, and motor drive pre-driver, and even when not in operation, its static current can reach 1-5mA. When the vehicle is parked for an extended period (e.g., overnight, at an airport) and the front passenger / rear seats are unoccupied, completely cutting off its power supply via eFuse can save hundreds of milliamp-hours or even ampere-hours of electricity, directly contributing to improving the electric vehicle's range or preventing 12V battery depletion. Prolonged power supply accelerates the aging of components such as electrolytic capacitors and MOSFETs. Powering off in unoccupied scenarios effectively extends the controller's lifespan. After powering on, the seatbelt controller not only performs self-checks but also interacts with seat sensors. For example, if it detects that "there is a passenger in the front passenger seat but they are not wearing a seatbelt" for a certain period, the VIU can issue an audible and visual alarm, and even, on certain models, trigger speed limits or prevent gear shifting. When the VIU receives a "pre-collision" signal from the ADAS system, it can instantly restore power to the active seatbelt controller and instruct it to tighten the seatbelt in advance, achieving active safety protection. Prior to this, the controller may have been powered off for several hours for energy-saving purposes. This achieves the ideal state of "deep energy saving during normal times and instantaneous response at critical moments".

[0058] The intelligent power distribution management system provided in this application embodiment acquires multi-source vehicle signals from the vehicle domain controller, determines the current driving scenario type based on these signals, and transmits the current driving scenario type to the intelligent power distribution equipment. This ensures the comprehensiveness and accuracy of scenario judgment, avoids misjudgment based on a single signal, and improves the reliability of driving scenario recognition. It aligns with the actual operating state of the vehicle, providing a scientific basis for subsequent precise power distribution and avoiding energy waste or functional failure caused by blind power distribution. Based on the current driving scenario type, the intelligent power distribution equipment identifies at least one target load from various loads and executes preset power distribution management actions on each target load. Intelligent selection of target loads avoids uniform power distribution to all loads, achieving on-demand power supply and reducing overall vehicle energy consumption. The intelligent power distribution equipment and loads are pluggable, improving the convenience of load replacement and maintenance and enhancing system scalability. Executing preset power distribution management actions achieves standardized and precise load power distribution, ensuring stable load operation.

[0059] In one alternative implementation, such as Figure 2 As shown, the intelligent power distribution equipment includes a communication module, a power distribution controller, and an electronic switch module matrix. The power distribution controller is communicatively connected to the vehicle domain controller via the communication module. The output of the power distribution controller is connected to the input of the electronic switch module matrix. The output of each electronic switch module in the electronic switch module matrix is ​​electrically connected to its respective load. The communication module is used to receive the current driving scenario type sent by the vehicle domain controller; The power distribution controller is used to determine at least one target load from among the various loads based on the current driving scenario type; and to perform preset power distribution management actions on each target load based on the electronic switch module matrix connected to each target load.

[0060] Specifically, the communication module serves as the data interaction interface between the intelligent power distribution equipment and the body domain controller, typically implemented using a CAN / CANFD bus. The communication module monitors the vehicle bus data in real time, receiving and parsing the current driving scenario type command sent from the body domain controller. Then, it verifies the current driving scenario type command; after confirming its validity, it transmits it to the power distribution controller. Subsequently, it uploads the load status and fault information returned by the power distribution controller to the body domain controller, forming a two-way communication closed loop.

[0061] The power distribution controller is the local decision-making and control core of intelligent power distribution equipment (i.e., the on-board MCU), responsible for scene parsing, tag matching, load screening and action scheduling.

[0062] The power distribution controller receives the current driving scenario type from the communication module. Based on the current driving scenario type, it automatically matches and determines at least one target load among all loads. Then, according to the scenario policy to which the target load belongs, it invokes the corresponding preset power distribution management action combination. Finally, it sends control timing and execution commands to the electronic switch module matrix via SPI. The electronic switch module can be an EFfuse chip with integrated MOSFET, or an EDUSE chip + external MOSFET, and it doesn't necessarily have to be an EFUSE; other types of switches are also possible. Optionally, the electronic switch module matrix is ​​composed of multiple independent EFUSE matrix chips in parallel, serving as the final power distribution execution and sensing unit, with each channel corresponding to a pluggable load.

[0063] The electronic switch module matrix receives action commands from the power distribution controller and then executes preset power distribution management actions on the target load according to the commands. These preset power distribution management actions may include: immediate shutdown, immediate turn-on, multi-level current limiting, pulse power supply, delayed shutdown, hardware latching, and micro-current monitoring.

[0064] The intelligent power distribution management system provided in this application embodiment includes a communication module that receives the current driving scenario type from the vehicle domain controller. This ensures stable communication between the vehicle domain controller and the power distribution controller, guaranteeing accurate and real-time transmission of scenario type commands, avoiding packet loss and delays, and ensuring timely power distribution control. The independent communication module reduces the computational load on the power distribution controller, allowing it to focus on load selection and power distribution action control, improving overall system efficiency. The power distribution controller determines at least one target load based on the current driving scenario type. Target loads are selected on demand, avoiding uniform power supply to all loads, achieving "scenario matching + precise power supply," effectively reducing overall vehicle energy consumption. Load matching is completed automatically without manual intervention, adapting to the dynamic needs of different driving scenarios and improving the intelligence level of the power distribution system. Based on the electronic switch module matrix connected to the target load, the power distribution controller executes preset power distribution management actions on the target load. Through precise execution of power distribution actions (off, on, etc.) by the electronic switch module matrix, standardized and precise load power distribution is achieved, ensuring stable load operation. The power distribution controller and the electronic switch module matrix work together to achieve rapid response to power distribution actions, improving the reliability and controllability of the power distribution system.

[0065] In one alternative implementation, such as Figure 2 As shown, the intelligent power distribution equipment also includes a memory, which is connected to the power distribution controller, wherein: The memory is used to store load attribute tags corresponding to each load; the load attribute tags include at least one of the following: security level tag, area tag, function tag, power consumption tag, and real-time tag corresponding to the load; The power distribution controller is used to determine the target label combination corresponding to the current driving scenario type based on the current driving scenario type; the target label combination includes at least one load attribute label corresponding to a load; Based on the target label combination, at least one target load is determined from each load.

[0066] Specifically, in addition to the communication module, power distribution controller, and electronic switch module matrix, the intelligent power distribution equipment also includes a memory. The memory is electrically connected to the power distribution controller and is used to store load-related configuration information for a long time. The power distribution controller can read data from the memory and perform load screening based on tags to achieve scenario-based precise power distribution.

[0067] The memory is non-volatile and can be of types such as EEPROM or Flash, ensuring data integrity even after power loss. Its core function is to store the load attribute tags corresponding to each load in the target vehicle, enabling the power distribution controller to identify information such as load type, purpose, location, and safety level locally, without relying on the vehicle domain controller to issue load addresses.

[0068] The load attribute labels include at least one of the following five categories: Safety level label: used to identify the functional safety level of the load, such as ASILD, ASILB, QM level; Area label: used to identify the physical location of the load on the vehicle, such as front left, front right, rear left, rear right, cabin, outside the vehicle; Function label: used to identify the function type of the load, such as comfort, drive, safety, entertainment, sensing; Power consumption label: used to identify the power consumption level of the load, such as high power consumption, medium power consumption, low power consumption, micro power consumption; Real-time label: used to identify the response requirements of the load, such as instantaneous response, delayed response, sleep mode.

[0069] Each load corresponds to a set of independent attribute tags, which are bound one-to-one with the eFuse channel and can be dynamically modified later through diagnostic devices or OTA.

[0070] Specifically, the power distribution controller establishes a communication connection with the vehicle domain controller through the communication module inside the intelligent power distribution equipment, and receives the current driving scenario type command issued by the vehicle domain controller in real time. The current driving scenario type is generated by the vehicle domain controller based on the fusion of multi-source signals of the vehicle, including but not limited to: driving energy-saving scenario, passenger-side unmanned scenario, rear-seat unmanned scenario, rain protection scenario, parking and charging scenario, collision power-off scenario, etc.

[0071] After receiving the current driving scenario type, the power distribution controller completes instruction verification and parsing to ensure that the scenario instructions are legal, valid, without packet loss, and without interference, thus preparing for subsequent tag matching.

[0072] The power distribution controller pre-stores a scenario-tag mapping rule base, which defines the load filtering conditions corresponding to each driving scenario. Based on the received current driving scenario type, the power distribution controller searches and matches the rule base, automatically generating a target tag combination corresponding to the current driving scenario. The target tag combination is composed of multiple tags from the load attribute tags, combined using logical AND / OR / NOT statements, and is used to accurately locate the loads that require power distribution management.

[0073] To achieve "precise control based on scenarios," as exemplified in Table 1, a multi-dimensional tag system table is provided for the load. Each load (or each eFuse channel) is assigned one or more of the following tags in the system configuration.

[0074] Table 1. Multi-dimensional tag system for load.

[0075] Load grouping is not fixed, but dynamically filtered using the aforementioned tags. For example, the target load group for the "co-pilot unmanned scenario" is all loads tagged with "Location = Co-pilot", "Usage Scenario Relevance = Occupant", and "Functional Safety Level ≠ ASILD". For instance, the target tag combination for the co-pilot unmanned scenario is: Area = Co-pilot, Function = Comfort, Safety Level = QM; the target tag combination for the rain protection scenario is: Area = Exterior, Function ≠ Safety; the target tag combination for the driving energy-saving scenario is: Function = Comfort, Area = Door, Safety Level = QM; the target tag combination for the collision power-off scenario is: Safety Level = QM, Power Consumption > 5A. Through tag combinations, flexible binding between scenarios and loads is achieved, allowing adaptation to different load configurations without software modification.

[0076] The power distribution controller initiates a read operation on its connected non-volatile memory (such as EEPROM / Flash) to obtain the load attribute tags corresponding to all load channels within the target vehicle. Load attribute tags include at least one of the following: safety level tag, area tag, function tag, power consumption tag, and real-time tag. Each load channel has an independent and unique tag combination. After reading, the power distribution controller internally establishes a "load channel - attribute tag" lookup table as the data basis for subsequent matching and filtering. This process can be completed once upon power-on, can be repeated during operation, and supports dynamic updates.

[0077] The power distribution controller uses a global traversal plus item-by-item comparison approach to logically match the target tag combination obtained in step 2 with the actual attribute tags of each load obtained in step 3. Starting with the first load, all attribute tags of that load are read sequentially. Each tag is compared with each condition in the target tag combination; if all conditions of the tag combination are met, the load is marked as a load to be controlled. If no condition is met, the load is skipped without any operation. This filtering process is entirely tag-driven, does not rely on fixed branch numbers, does not use hard-coded addresses, and is unaffected by changes in load location and quantity, exhibiting high versatility, high scalability, and high adaptability.

[0078] After the matching process is complete, the power distribution controller aggregates all loads that meet the tag conditions to form the target load group for the current driving scenario. The target load group contains at least one load requiring power distribution management action; it can contain a single load or a batch of similar loads. The power distribution controller performs channel sorting, priority confirmation, and safety verification on the target load group to ensure that loads with higher safety levels are not mistakenly included in the control scope, guaranteeing functional safety and power supply reliability. The final determined target load group will be the sole object for power distribution execution.

[0079] Based on the preset strategy corresponding to the current driving scenario, the power distribution controller issues corresponding power distribution management commands to the channels belonging to the target load group in the electronic switch module matrix. The power distribution management actions are natively supported by hardware and include: immediate shutdown, immediate turn-on, multi-level current limiting, pulse power supply, delayed shutdown, hardware latching, and micro-current monitoring.

[0080] The intelligent power distribution management system provided in this application embodiment stores load attribute tags corresponding to each load in its memory. Centralized storage of core load attributes allows the power distribution controller to quickly obtain load information locally, without relying on the vehicle domain controller, thus improving power distribution response speed. Tags cover multi-dimensional load characteristics, providing comprehensive and accurate judgment criteria for subsequent scenario-based load screening, avoiding screening bias. Based on the current driving scenario type, the power distribution controller determines the corresponding target tag combination, achieving precise mapping between driving scenarios and load tags, making load screening more targeted and aligned with the actual power supply needs of the scenario. No hard-coded load matching is required, flexibly adapting to dynamic changes in different scenarios, improving system adaptability and scalability. The power distribution controller determines at least one target load based on the target tag combination. Accurate screening of target loads that meet scenario requirements avoids ineffective power supply, reduces overall vehicle energy consumption, and achieves on-demand power distribution. The screening logic is simple and efficient, requiring no manual intervention, improving the intelligence level of the power distribution system, and adapting to vehicle models with different load configurations.

[0081] In one optional implementation, the memory is also used to store a library of preset action combinations corresponding to each driving scenario type; The power distribution controller is used to determine the target action combination corresponding to the current driving scenario type from the preset action combination library based on the current driving scenario type; and to execute preset power distribution management actions on each target load based on the target action combination. The preset power distribution management actions include at least one of immediate shutdown, immediate recovery, current limiting power supply, pulse power supply, status monitoring, and delayed shutdown.

[0082] Specifically, the memory can store a preset action combination library. The memory is a non-volatile memory (EEPROM / Flash), which, in addition to load attribute tags, is used for centralized storage and retention of a preset action combination library even after power failure. This action combination library is a standardized set of policies pre-configured by the system. Each driving scenario type corresponds to one or more fixed eFuse action combinations, which do not require real-time calculation or online generation and can be directly called by the power distribution controller.

[0083] For example, as shown in Table 2, a preset action combination library defines a standardized set of power supply control actions.

[0084] Table 2. Preset Action Combination Library Diagram

[0085] All scenario actions are ultimately mapped to combinations of one or more of the above actions. For example, "driving energy saving" = immediate shutdown + status monitoring. By embedding the action combinations in memory, intelligent power distribution equipment can execute complete policies even without the vehicle's domain controller, achieving local autonomy, rapid response, and highly reliable execution.

[0086] After identifying the target load through tag filtering, the power distribution controller searches and matches the current driving scenario type from the vehicle domain controller in a preset action combination library in memory, automatically determining the target action combination to be executed in that scenario. This action combination is not a single on / off command, but a continuous execution sequence composed of multiple basic power distribution actions in a fixed timing order, which can be directly executed by the hardware state machine.

[0087] The power distribution controller sends control commands to the corresponding target load channels in the electronic switch module matrix based on the target action combination, driving the eFuse to execute power distribution management actions sequentially according to a preset timing sequence. The preset power distribution management actions include at least one of the following: Immediate shutdown: Instantly cuts off power to the load for energy saving and fault isolation. Immediate recovery: Instantly restores power for scene exit and occupant entry. Current-limiting power supply: Limits the output current to a set threshold for insulation degradation and protection against humid environments. Pulse power supply: Automatically shuts off after a short period of conduction for load wake-up, pre-initialization, and status detection. Status monitoring: Without changing the on / off state, it continuously collects current, voltage, and temperature for proactive sensing and fault prediction. Delayed shutdown: Waits for a set time after receiving the command before shutting off, allowing the load to complete the current action (such as raising a window or closing a damper).

[0088] After the power distribution controller issues the target action combination, the hardware action engine / hardware state machine inside the intelligent power distribution equipment automatically executes it in sequence, without requiring real-time intervention from the body domain controller, without issuing commands frame by frame, and without occupying CAN bus resources. Even if the vehicle communication is offline, the power distribution controller can still complete the full control based on the action combination library in the memory, ensuring functional safety and execution reliability.

[0089] The intelligent power distribution management system provided in this application embodiment stores a preset action combination library corresponding to various driving scenario types in its memory. The mapping relationship between scenarios and action combinations is centrally fixed, eliminating the need for real-time action calculation and improving the response speed of power distribution actions. The action combination library can be preset and updated, flexibly adapting to the power distribution needs of different scenarios, enhancing the system's scalability and maintainability. Power loss is preserved, ensuring that action combinations can be quickly recalled during scenario switching, guaranteeing the continuity and reliability of power distribution control. The power distribution controller determines the corresponding target action combination based on the current driving scenario type. This achieves precise binding between scenarios and power distribution actions, making action execution more closely aligned with scenario requirements and improving the targeting of power distribution control. No manual intervention or hard-coded adjustments are required; the system automatically matches action combinations, improving the system's intelligence level and operational efficiency. Based on the target action combination, the power distribution controller executes preset power distribution management actions on the target load. Multiple power distribution actions can flexibly adapt to different scenarios (such as energy saving, protection, and fault handling), meeting diverse power distribution needs. Actions are precisely applied to the target load, avoiding ineffective actions, reducing energy consumption, and ensuring the safe and stable operation of the load. Standardized procedures enable the standardization of power distribution management, thereby improving system reliability and traceability.

[0090] In one optional implementation, the electronic switch module matrix consists of multiple eFuse matrix chips. Each eFuse matrix chip is also used to collect and transmit the current status data of the target load corresponding to the eFuse matrix chip back to the power distribution controller in real time. The current status data includes at least one of the following: actual switch status, current real-time current, current real-time voltage, and current chip temperature. The power distribution controller is used to compare the current status data corresponding to each target load with the expected status data corresponding to the target load. If the current status data matches the expected status data, then the action is considered to have been executed successfully. If the current status data corresponding to the target load is inconsistent with the expected status data, the target load is determined to be an electrical fault.

[0091] In one alternative implementation, after determining that the target load is an electrical fault, the power distribution controller is used to suspend all power distribution management actions corresponding to the faulty load. The eFuse matrix chip corresponding to the faulty load is used to identify the current status data of the faulty load and determine the fault type of the faulty load; based on the fault type, the preset measures corresponding to the fault type are implemented on the faulty load.

[0092] Specifically, the electronic switch module matrix can consist of multiple sets of eFuse matrix chips. Each eFuse matrix chip in these sets, while performing power distribution management actions on the target load, also possesses real-time electrical status acquisition and feedback functions. Each eFuse matrix chip continuously, with high precision, performs hardware-level real-time monitoring of the target load it drives, and synchronously transmits the collected current status data back to the power distribution controller. The current status data includes at least one of the following: actual switch status: the actual on or off state of the eFuse's internal drive transistor; current real-time current: the actual operating current on the load power supply line; current real-time voltage: the actual output voltage at the load power supply terminal; current chip temperature: the real-time operating temperature of the eFuse matrix chip itself. This status data is a physical real value, not a software-specified value, and can truly reflect the actual operating status of the load and power supply link, providing a reliable basis for subsequent closed-loop verification and fault diagnosis.

[0093] After receiving the current status data from the efuse matrix chip, the power distribution controller generates the expected status data that the target load should achieve based on the previously issued target action combination commands. For example: if the issued command is to immediately shut down, the expected status is: switch status = off, current ≈ 0A; if the issued command is to immediately restore, the expected status is: switch status = on, current within the normal operating range; if the issued command is to limit power supply, the expected status is: current does not exceed the set current limit value.

[0094] The power distribution controller compares the current status data returned by the eFuse with the expected status data corresponding to the command item by item, including: whether the switch status is consistent; whether the real-time current meets expectations; whether the real-time voltage is within the normal range; and whether the chip temperature is within the safe range. The comparison process is completed quickly at the hardware level, ensuring real-time performance and accuracy.

[0095] If the current status data of the target load is completely consistent with the expected status data, the power distribution controller determines that the power distribution management action has been successfully executed. The system continues to maintain the current control strategy or proceeds to the next stage of action until the scenario ends.

[0096] If the current status data of the target load does not match the expected status data, the power distribution controller immediately determines that an electrical fault has occurred in the power supply branch where the target load is located.

[0097] In one optional implementation, when the power distribution controller determines that the target load has an electrical fault, it will initiate a hierarchical fault handling process jointly executed by the power distribution controller and the eFuse matrix chip. The core of this process is to achieve "rapid risk control, accurate identification, and targeted handling" to prevent the fault from spreading and to ensure the safety and stability of the intelligent power distribution equipment and the vehicle's electrical system.

[0098] Specifically, once the power distribution controller completes the comparison between the current status data and the expected status data and clearly determines that a target load has an electrical fault, it will immediately execute an "emergency pause" operation. The core purpose is to curb the escalation of the fault and prevent erroneous actions from exacerbating the risk. Based on the previously established "load channel - eFuse matrix chip" mapping relationship, the power distribution controller quickly locks the single-channel eFuse matrix chip corresponding to the faulty load, ensuring that the pause action only applies to the faulty channel and does not affect the eFuse matrix chips and power distribution actions corresponding to other normal loads. Then, a hardware-level pause command is issued to the eFuse matrix chip corresponding to the faulty load, stopping all power distribution management actions currently being performed by the eFuse matrix chip (including immediate shutdown, current limiting power supply, pulse power supply, delayed shutdown, etc.), while prohibiting the chip from receiving any new power distribution control commands, locking it in the "fault pause state".

[0099] This pause command is an emergency command, with a higher response priority than all regular power distribution commands. It ensures that the action pause is completed within milliseconds after the fault is determined, minimizing the duration of the fault and reducing the possibility of the fault escalating (such as avoiding the continuous increase of short-circuit current and chip overheating damage).

[0100] After receiving a pause command from the power distribution controller, the eFuse matrix chip corresponding to the faulty load will automatically enter the fault identification mode. Without the power distribution controller issuing additional identification commands, it will accurately determine the fault type based on the current status data it collects.

[0101] Specifically, the eFuse matrix chip continues to collect real-time status data corresponding to the faulty load, including at least one of the following: actual switch status, current real-time current, current real-time voltage, and current chip temperature. This ensures the completeness and accuracy of the collected data, providing a reliable basis for fault identification (the data collection process does not consume the power distribution controller's computing resources). The eFuse matrix chip has a pre-set "fault type-status feature lookup table," which stores the status data features corresponding to various electrical faults. The chip compares the real-time collected current status data with the features in the lookup table item by item to complete the fault type matching and identification.

[0102] For example, short circuit fault: the identification characteristics are "real-time current far exceeding the normal operating threshold of the load, real-time voltage dropping sharply, and chip temperature rising rapidly", indicating a load short circuit or line short circuit; open circuit fault: the identification characteristics are "real-time current is 0, switch status shows on but no current output", indicating a line open circuit, damaged efuse matrix chip or load failure; load sticking fault: the identification characteristics are "instruction requires shutdown but real-time current is not 0, switch status is abnormally on", indicating load sticking or eFuse driver tube failure; over-temperature fault: the identification characteristics are "current chip temperature exceeds the safety threshold, current / voltage is not obviously abnormal", indicating that the efuse matrix chip is overheating or has poor heat dissipation; insulation degradation fault: the identification characteristics are "real-time current is abnormally low, there is a small amount of leakage current, and voltage fluctuates slightly", indicating that the line insulation has deteriorated or is damp.

[0103] After identification, the eFuse matrix chip will send the determined fault type information back to the power distribution controller in real time, so that the power distribution controller can record the fault information and report it to the vehicle system simultaneously.

[0104] After determining the fault type, the eFuse matrix chip will call the preset "Fault Type-Handling Measures Comparison Table" to implement the corresponding preset handling measures for different fault types, ensuring the targeting and safety of the handling. All measures are executed at the hardware level, without the need for software frame-by-frame control.

[0105] For example, in the event of a short circuit fault, a hardware-level shutdown action is immediately executed to cut off the power supply circuit of the faulty load. At the same time, a hardware latch is activated to prevent the software from re-energizing until maintenance personnel reset it using a dedicated diagnostic tool. This prevents the short circuit current from spreading to other power supply branches and avoids serious risks such as fires and damage to wiring harnesses.

[0106] In the event of an open circuit fault, the efuse matrix chip remains in a paused state and does not perform any conduction actions. At the same time, the status data is continuously monitored. If the current is detected to return to normal (such as a momentary open circuit caused by poor contact), a "recoverable fault" is reported to the power distribution controller, and the controller is asked to issue a retry command. If there is no current, the open circuit state is maintained and maintenance is requested.

[0107] In response to load sticking faults, immediately execute a forced shutdown action, increase the shutdown drive force, and attempt to release the load sticking; if multiple attempts fail, activate hardware latch, lock the shutdown state, report the fault to the power distribution controller, and prohibit power-on.

[0108] In response to over-temperature faults, current limiting is immediately implemented (limiting the current to within 50% of the safe threshold) to reduce chip power consumption, while monitoring chip temperature. If the temperature drops to the safe threshold, normal power supply is automatically restored. If the temperature continues to rise, a shutdown action is performed until the temperature recovers.

[0109] In response to insulation degradation faults, current limiting power supply is implemented to reduce the risk of leakage current, while leakage current data is continuously collected and reported to the power distribution controller in real time; if the insulation degradation worsens (leakage current exceeds the threshold), a shutdown action is performed to isolate the faulty branch.

[0110] After the eFuse matrix chip implements the preset measures, it will transmit the handling status (such as "shut down", "current limited", "latch successful") back to the power distribution controller in real time. The power distribution controller records the fault type, handling measures, fault time and current status data, and stores them in the memory (not lost when power is off). At the same time, it reports the fault information to the vehicle domain controller through the communication module, triggers the instrument fault alarm, prompts the user to perform timely maintenance, and completes the entire fault handling closed loop.

[0111] For example, such as Figure 3 As shown, this application provides a specific embodiment of an intelligent power distribution device. Figure 3 As shown, the main control chip is the power distribution controller in the intelligent power distribution equipment, and each VNF1048 chip is an eFuse matrix chip. Input power and main power supply branches (redundant power supply): DCDC: Stable voltage provided by the vehicle's DC-DC converter (typically 13.5V / 12V); BAT: Directly from the vehicle's battery (constant power, KL30). Power supply control chips: Two 2ED2410-EM high-voltage side driver chips. These are intelligent power switch driver chips, supporting overcurrent, overvoltage, and short-circuit protection, driving the first and second main circuit switches respectively, forming a dual-redundant power supply.

[0112] The first power supply branch is powered by a DC-DC converter and is responsible for the loads in the constant power / ON position. The second power supply branch is directly powered by a battery and serves as the main power source to power all subsequent loads.

[0113] Main control chip: The control core of the entire IDU, it receives hard-wired inputs such as KL15 (ignition signal) and KL87 / KL89 (wake-up / status signal), sends switching control commands to the load driver chip, and collects load status and fault information for diagnosis.

[0114] The CAN communication chip connects to the vehicle's communication network, enabling communication with controllers such as the ECU and BCM. It receives vehicle power management commands (such as sleep / wake-up, load shutdown) and uploads the status and fault codes of the power distribution unit. SBC power supply: A dedicated power supply is provided to the CAN chip by the main power supply branch, ensuring uninterrupted communication.

[0115] Driver Chips: Multiple VNF1048 intelligent high-side switch chips. These are automotive-grade load switches from STMicroelectronics, featuring built-in current sensing, temperature protection, and diagnostic functions. Each chip can independently drive one load, enabling precise control and fault reporting. Load Branch: VNF1048 chip → Branch switch → Vehicle load. Each load is independently controllable, supporting on-demand on / off operation.

[0116] The intelligent power distribution management system provided in this application embodiment uses an eFuse matrix chip to collect and transmit the current status data of the target load in real time. It collects multi-dimensional data such as actual switch status, current, voltage, and chip temperature, providing physical truth for power distribution action verification and avoiding misjudgments caused by software speculation. Real-time transmission of current status data enables closed-loop monitoring of power distribution actions, promptly capturing abnormal load states and improving the timeliness of system safety protection. The power distribution controller compares the current status data with the expected status data. This data comparison achieves accurate verification of the power distribution action execution results, ensuring that actions are implemented according to preset logic and preventing "loss of control" after command issuance. The comparison logic is simple and efficient, with fast hardware-level execution, not consuming excessive computing resources and ensuring system response speed. The power distribution controller determines whether the action was successful or an electrical fault occurred based on the comparison results.

[0117] Successful status consistency determination ensures the effective implementation of power distribution strategies and guarantees stable load operation according to scenario requirements. Status inconsistency determination identifies electrical faults, enabling automatic fault identification and rapid detection, upgrading fault handling from "passive repair" to "proactive perception," and reducing the risk of fault escalation. Precise fault determination targets a single specific load, avoiding indiscriminate downtime and improving system fault tolerance and vehicle power supply continuity.

[0118] After determining that the target load has an electrical fault, the power distribution controller suspends all power distribution management actions of the eFuse matrix chip corresponding to the faulty load. This precisely pinpoints the fault channel, suspending only the eFuse matrix chip corresponding to the faulty load, without affecting power supply to other normal loads, thus avoiding a "one-stop-shop" scenario. The emergency pause command has high priority and millisecond-level response, quickly curbing fault escalation, reducing secondary risks such as short-circuit current and chip overheating, and improving system safety. The eFuse matrix chip corresponding to the faulty load identifies the fault type. It autonomously identifies faults based on real-time acquired status data, eliminating the need for additional calculations by the power distribution controller, achieving rapid local diagnosis and improving fault response efficiency. It accurately matches fault types (short circuit, open circuit, etc.), providing a reliable basis for subsequent targeted handling, avoiding a "one-size-fits-all" approach, and improving the accuracy of fault handling. The eFuse matrix chip implements preset measures based on the fault type. Differentiated handling strategies are implemented for different fault types, balancing fault isolation and functional protection, improving system fault tolerance. Hardware-level execution of preset measures ensures fast response and high reliability, eliminating the need for frame-by-frame software control, guaranteeing the timeliness and effectiveness of fault handling.

[0119] In one alternative implementation, such as Figure 4 As shown, the intelligent power distribution equipment also includes: a forward current sampling hardware circuit; the forward current sampling hardware circuit is electrically connected to the power distribution controller, wherein: The forward current sampling hardware circuit is used to collect the target load current whose current value is less than a preset current threshold and transmit the target load current to the power distribution controller. Power distribution controller; used to transmit the target load current and the current change to the vehicle body domain controller when the current change corresponding to the target load current is greater than a preset change threshold. The vehicle body domain controller is used to determine whether the target vehicle has exited the current driving scenario based on the target load current and the current change. If the target vehicle has exited the current driving scenario, it sends a current recovery command to the intelligent power distribution equipment. The current recovery command is used to instruct the intelligent power distribution equipment to resume the preset power distribution management actions for each target load.

[0120] Specifically, the intelligent power distribution equipment has a built-in μA-level forward current sampling hardware circuit. This circuit is connected in communication with the power distribution controller and is specifically used to capture weak current changes in the load circuit, providing a hardware perception basis for scenario exit prediction.

[0121] Specifically, the forward-looking current sampling hardware circuit uses an independent high-precision analog front-end (AFE), separate from the eFuse conventional sampling channel, without occupying the power distribution controller's computing resources, and continuously monitors weak currents (in the μA range) in the target load circuit whose current values ​​are less than a preset current threshold. The preset current threshold can be calibrated according to the load type, for example, set to 50μA, covering weak signals such as occupant capacitive coupling current and load pre-wake-up current.

[0122] The forward current sampling hardware circuit transmits the weak current data of the target load collected to the power distribution controller of the intelligent power distribution equipment in real time.

[0123] The power distribution controller performs differential calculations on continuously collected weak current data to obtain the current change (ΔI=I). n -I n-1 Then, the calculated current change is compared with a preset change threshold. If the current change is less than or equal to the preset change threshold, the load status is determined to be unchanged, and the current power distribution management action continues. If the current change is greater than the preset change threshold, a significant but slight current fluctuation is determined to have occurred in the load circuit, and the power distribution controller immediately reports the target load current data and current change to the vehicle domain controller via the communication module.

[0124] The vehicle domain controller receives weak current data and changes reported by the power distribution controller and makes a comprehensive judgment based on the characteristic parameters of the current driving scenario (such as the current scenario being "passenger-only energy-saving scenario"). If the current change characteristics match the scenario exit characteristics such as "occupant about to sit down" or "load about to wake up", the target vehicle is determined to exit the current driving scenario. If the current change characteristics do not match: the scenario is determined not to have changed, and the current control strategy is maintained.

[0125] If the scenario is determined to be exited, the vehicle domain controller sends a current restoration command to the intelligent power distribution equipment. This command is used to instruct the power distribution controller to resume the preset power distribution management actions for each target load (such as restoring from "power off for energy saving" to "normal power supply", or performing forward-looking pre-power-on).

[0126] After receiving the current restoration command, the power distribution controller calls the preset power distribution management action combination in the memory and sends the command to the corresponding eFuse matrix chip to quickly restore the normal power supply to the target load, achieving zero wait and seamless wake-up of the load.

[0127] The intelligent power distribution management system provided in this application embodiment uses a look-ahead current sampling hardware circuit to collect weak target load currents and transmit them to intelligent power distribution equipment. It can capture μA-level weak currents, filling the monitoring blind spots of conventional sampling circuits and providing accurate and reliable raw data support for scene exit prediction. Independent hardware circuitry for data acquisition does not occupy the computing resources of the power distribution controller, ensuring the operational efficiency of the core functions of power distribution control. The intelligent power distribution equipment judges the current change and transmits the data to the vehicle domain controller. Data reporting is triggered based on the current change, avoiding invalid data transmission and reducing the load on the vehicle bus communication. Synchronous transmission of current values ​​and changes provides the vehicle domain controller with complete judgment criteria, improving the accuracy of scene exit recognition.

[0128] The vehicle domain controller determines when a driving scenario exits and issues a current recovery command. Predicting scenario exit based on subtle current changes enables seamless switching between driving scenarios, avoiding the delays of traditional sensor triggers and improving user experience. Accurately identifying scenario exits and issuing recovery commands prevents loads from remaining in energy-saving / off states, ensuring rapid response to user needs. The command drives the load to restore power distribution, achieving closed-loop control of "scenario exit - power restoration," balancing energy saving and functional availability.

[0129] In one optional implementation, a forward current sampling hardware circuit is used to collect circuit currents in the target vehicle whose current values ​​are less than a preset current threshold; and transmit the circuit currents to the power distribution controller. The power distribution controller is used to transmit circuit current to the vehicle body domain controller; The vehicle body domain controller is used to predict faults or wake up target loads in advance based on circuit current.

[0130] Optionally, the forward-looking current sampling hardware circuit can monitor the entire electrical circuitry of the target vehicle in real time, specifically collecting weak circuit currents (mainly in the μA range) with current values ​​below a preset current threshold. The preset current threshold can be flexibly calibrated according to the vehicle's load characteristics, typically set to 50μA~100μA, covering various weak signals such as trace leakage currents due to insulation degradation, weak currents from load pre-awakening, and weak currents from human body capacitive coupling, ensuring no critical forward-looking information is missed. The collection range covers all electrical circuits and target loads in the intelligent power distribution equipment, achieving comprehensive monitoring of weak currents throughout the vehicle, including both weak current changes in safe loads and weak current fluctuations in unsafe loads.

[0131] The forward-looking current sampling hardware circuit can collect weak circuit current data and transmit it in real time and continuously to the power distribution controller of the intelligent power distribution equipment. The transmission process adopts hardware-level signal transmission, which has low latency and strong anti-interference ability, ensuring the authenticity and integrity of the data.

[0132] After receiving the weak circuit current transmitted by the forward current sampling hardware circuit, the power distribution controller of the intelligent power distribution equipment does not perform additional calculations (to avoid consuming its own resources). Instead, it directly transmits the collected raw circuit current data to the vehicle domain controller through the communication module (CAN / CANFD bus), ensuring that the vehicle domain controller obtains the most accurate forward current information and provides a reliable basis for subsequent decision-making.

[0133] It should be noted that the power distribution controller only undertakes the "data forwarding" function and does not interfere with the judgment and analysis of current data, ensuring the real-time nature of forward-looking perception, while reducing its own computing load and focusing on the core functions of power distribution control and fault handling.

[0134] After receiving the weak circuit current data forwarded by the intelligent power distribution equipment, the vehicle domain controller autonomously makes decisions on "fault prediction" or "early wake-up of target load" based on preset judgment rules. Specifically, there are two scenarios, both based on the characteristic analysis of weak current.

[0135] In one scenario, fault prediction is based on circuit current: The vehicle domain controller has a pre-set "Weak Current-Fault Potential Comparison Table" that stores the weak current characteristics (such as insulation degradation, line dampness, load aging, etc.) corresponding to various electrical fault potentials. The vehicle domain controller performs trend analysis on the continuously received weak circuit current data, monitoring the current change trend (such as whether it continues to increase or whether irregular fluctuations occur). The current weak current data and its change trend are compared with the characteristics in the "Weak Current-Fault Potential Comparison Table". If a fault potential characteristic is matched (such as: line leakage current continuously increasing and exceeding the preset potential danger threshold, judged as insulation degradation potential danger; current exhibiting irregular fluctuations and accompanied by a slight voltage drop, judged as poor line contact potential danger), then fault prediction is completed, and it is judged as a "potential electrical fault". After fault prediction, the vehicle domain controller immediately sends an early warning command to the intelligent power distribution equipment, prompting the power distribution controller to prepare for fault protection (such as increasing the monitoring frequency of the corresponding line), and at the same time triggers a slight alarm on the instrument, prompting the user to pay attention to the status of the electrical system, realizing "early warning and early protection" to prevent potential faults from developing into explicit faults.

[0136] To address the issue of early wake-up of target loads based on circuit current, the vehicle domain controller analyzes the changing characteristics of weak circuit currents in conjunction with the current driving scenario, determines the user's intention, and wakes up the target load in advance, achieving "seamless wake-up and zero waiting time." Specifically, the vehicle domain controller correlates the current driving scenario (such as unmanned parking or energy-saving driving scenarios) with weak current changes in real time. When a specific weak current signal is detected (such as the weak capacitive coupling current between the passenger and the seat when the passenger approaches the seat; or the weak pre-wake-up current generated by the internal circuit before the load is about to start), and the current change matches the characteristics of "the load is about to be used," it determines that the target load needs to be woken up in advance. The vehicle domain controller sends an early wake-up command to the intelligent power distribution device, instructing the power distribution controller to perform pre-power-on and pre-initialization actions on the corresponding target load. After receiving the command, the intelligent power distribution device drives the eFuse matrix chip to perform pulse power supply or low-power pre-power-on on the target load, putting the load into a ready state in advance. When the user triggers the usage command (such as sitting down or starting the load), it can immediately enter the normal working state, eliminating wake-up delay and improving the user experience.

[0137] The intelligent power distribution management system provided in this application embodiment collects weak circuit currents through a look-ahead current sampling hardware circuit and transmits them to intelligent power distribution equipment. It can capture μA-level weak currents, covering the monitoring blind spots of conventional sampling circuits, providing accurate raw data for fault prediction and early load wake-up. Independent hardware circuit acquisition does not occupy the computing resources of the power distribution controller, ensuring the operational efficiency of the core functions of power distribution control. The intelligent power distribution equipment transmits the circuit current to the vehicle domain controller. It directly forwards the raw current data, avoiding distortion caused by data processing, ensuring that the vehicle domain controller obtains accurate current sensing information. It only undertakes data forwarding functions, without additional computation, reducing its own load and focusing on the core tasks of power distribution control and fault handling. It uses a standard vehicle communication link for transmission, adapting to the vehicle's electrical architecture, ensuring the stability and real-time performance of data transmission. The vehicle domain controller realizes fault prediction or early target load wake-up based on the circuit current. Fault prediction dimension: By identifying potential faults such as insulation degradation and poor line contact through the trend changes of weak currents, fault protection is upgraded from "post-event handling" to "pre-event warning," reducing the incidence of obvious faults and the risk of fault escalation, and improving the safety of the entire vehicle electrical system. Early wake-up dimension: Based on weak current signals, the user's intention is predicted, and the load is pre-powered and pre-initialized in advance to eliminate load wake-up delay and achieve "seamless wake-up and zero waiting time", which significantly optimizes the user experience; at the same time, it avoids invalid wake-up in combination with the scenario and takes into account energy saving needs.

[0138] To better illustrate the intelligent power distribution management system provided in the embodiments of this application, three exemplary embodiments are provided below. Each embodiment fully demonstrates the entire process of "condition combination → load grouping → action execution," and the signal source, load type, and combination logic are different.

[0139] Example 1: Automatically shut down unnecessary external loads in rainy weather (environmental awareness + security logic).

[0140] Current driving scenario type: When driving in heavy rain, reduce the power supply to external unsafe loads to reduce the risk of short circuits and save energy, while ensuring driving safety.

[0141] Trigger condition combination: Atomic condition A: Rain sensor signal ≥ heavy rain threshold (lasts 5s); Atomic condition B: Vehicle speed ≥ 10km / h (avoid accidental shutdown when parked); Atomic condition C: External illuminance < 100lux (turn off load during heavy rain in the daytime, keep lights on at night); Atomic condition D: Front wiper status = high speed continuous mode.

[0142] Combinatorial logic: (A and B) and (C or D) → Note the "or" logic, which means that it is raining heavily and the car is moving fast enough, and at the same time, it is either dark or the windshield wipers are already running at high speed.

[0143] The condition for maintaining the condition is that the above conditions are continuously met. The condition for exiting the condition is that the condition for any atom is not met and this condition lasts for 3 seconds.

[0144] Target load grouping (filtered by tags): Tag 1: Physical location = outside the vehicle; Tag 2: Functional safety level ≠ ASIL B / C / D (i.e., only non-safety critical); Tag 3: Usage scenario relevance = comfort / decoration (not necessary); Filtering results: exterior rearview mirror folding motor, exterior ambient lighting, hidden door handle motor, front grille active opening and closing mechanism (when not required for heat dissipation).

[0145] Action sequence: 1. The VIU sends a CAN command to the IDU to immediately shut down the eFuse corresponding to the aforementioned load. 2. Simultaneously, it instructs the eFuse to enable current limiting monitoring mode (current limit set to 20% of the normal value) to detect short-circuit faults (if heavy rain causes water ingress leading to impedance reduction, the current will be abnormal). 3. The VIU continuously receives the current value fed back from the eFuse. If an abnormal current is detected in a certain circuit, it records the fault code and can report it to the remote service platform via the network.

[0146] Exit Action: When the exit conditions are met, the VIU sends an immediate recovery command and performs a pulse power supply (turning on for 200ms and then turning off) to allow the load controller to self-check. If there is no fault, it will then officially resume operation. This is the first time that environmental sensing (rainfall, light intensity) has been combined with eFuse's current limiting monitoring and pulse testing to achieve active protection and energy saving under severe weather conditions.

[0147] Example 2: Deep hibernation of the intelligent cockpit during parking and charging (charging scenario + occupant detection).

[0148] Current driving scenario type: When the vehicle is slow charging at night and no one is in the car, all cabin entertainment, air conditioning and lighting loads are turned off, and only necessary communication such as BMS and T-BOX are retained to reduce charging loss and reduce the load on the 12V battery.

[0149] Trigger condition combination: Atomic condition A: Charging gun connection signal = connected; Atomic condition B: Battery management system (BMS) status = charging; Atomic condition C: All seat occupancy sensors (SBR) are "empty" for ≥300s; Atomic condition D: No key in the vehicle (PEPS system cannot detect a valid key); Atomic condition E: Vehicle door lock status = locked (to prevent the owner from being inside the vehicle but the sensors failing to detect them); Atomic condition F: Time between 22:00 and 06:00 (optional, via GPS time or RTC). Combinational logic: A, B, C, D, and E (F can be superimposed as an enhancement condition). Hold condition: The above conditions are continuously met; Exit condition: Any condition fails (e.g., a key or someone is detected in the seat) for 5 seconds.

[0150] Target load groups (filtered by tags): Load group 1 (Comfort and Entertainment): Central entertainment system main amplifier, cabin ambient lighting, seat ventilation / heating, rear seat entertainment screen → Tag: Usage scenario = cabin entertainment, and functional safety = QM; Load group 2 (Air conditioning): Blower (non-defrost mode), negative ion generator → Tag: Usage scenario = comfort air conditioning, and currently not defrosting required; Load group 3 (Auxiliary): Wireless charging pad, USB charging port (can be turned off when no device is inserted) → Tag: Power consumption characteristics = high standby power consumption.

[0151] Action sequence: 1. The VIU sends an immediate shutdown command to the eFuse of the aforementioned loads. 2. For the blower, a delayed shutdown (30s delay) is used, first instructing it to close the damper via CAN command before power is cut off to avoid mechanism jamming. 3. The VIU instructs the eFuse in the IDU responsible for BMS communication and T-BOX power supply to remain on (not operating), and strengthens current monitoring to prevent abnormalities. 4. If any door is detected to be open during charging (door lock status change), power supply to all cabin loads is immediately restored in advance to ensure a normal experience for the owner upon entry. Combining charging status, occupant detection, and time windows, deep sleep energy saving is achieved in parked scenarios; simultaneously, rapid wake-up and exit are achieved via door lock signals, balancing energy saving and user experience.

[0152] Example 3: Emergency power supply isolation after collision (functional safety + fault tolerance).

[0153] Current driving scenario type: After a vehicle collision and airbag deployment, immediately cut off non-critical high-current loads to prevent fuel leaks from causing fires and short circuits from causing secondary accidents, while maintaining power supply to safety-related loads (emergency lights, door locks, call systems).

[0154] Triggering condition combination: Atomic condition A: The airbag controller (ACU) issues a collision flag bit = 1; Atomic condition B: Vehicle speed rapidly decreases to <5km / h after the collision (via CAN or wheel speed); Atomic condition C: Inertial switch or collision sensor redundant signal is valid; Combinational logic: A AND (B or C) → ensures that a collision actually occurred and the vehicle has essentially come to a stop. Note: This scenario has the highest priority and can cover all other scenario rules.

[0155] Target load grouping (classified by safety level): Loads that must be disconnected immediately (fire risk or non-essential): fuel pump (if it is a hybrid / gasoline vehicle), high-voltage relay (if it is an electric vehicle, the BMS must be notified to cut off the high voltage first), electric door, electric tailgate, sunroof motor, seat adjustment motor, audio amplifier, cigarette lighter / 12V socket → Label: Functional safety level ≤QM, and current >5A, and not related to escape / rescue; Loads that must maintain power supply: emergency hazard lights, door lock unlocking controller (to ensure doors can be opened from the outside), eCall / emergency call module, interior lighting (low brightness), diagnostic interface → Label: Functional safety level ≥ ASILB or legally mandated requirements; Loads that can be delayed in disconnection (30s delay): blower (to disperse potentially harmful gases), windows (allowing users to actively operate the windows to escape) → Label: Has escape assistance function.

[0156] Action Set: 1. Upon receiving a collision signal, the VIU immediately sends an immediate shutdown command to the eFuse that must be disconnected and locks its state, preventing any upper-level commands from resuming (unless reset via a diagnostic tool). 2. It sends a delayed shutdown command (30s) to the eFuse that can be delayed, and simultaneously sends a "prepare to power off" notification to the corresponding load controller via the CAN bus, preserving its state. 3. The VIU continuously monitors the voltage and current of the eFuse that must be maintained. If any one of them is found to be unexpectedly disconnected (e.g., the eFuse self-protects due to overcurrent), it attempts to use a redundant path (if any) or issues an alarm. 4. If the vehicle is not detected to be on fire after the collision and rescue personnel can selectively restore some loads (such as electric doors) to assist in rescue through specific diagnostic commands (requiring authentication).

[0157] By introducing the "safe state after failure" concept of functional safety (ISO26262) into power distribution management, and utilizing the rapid disconnection capability of eFuse, high-risk loads can be isolated within milliseconds, which is something that traditional relays or HSDs cannot do (relay contacts may stick together, and HSDs cannot determine whether the disconnection has actually occurred due to the lack of current monitoring). It also embodies the advanced design of "scenario prioritization" and "fault lockout".

[0158] This application provides a target vehicle, which includes a vehicle body and an intelligent power distribution management system according to the first aspect or any corresponding embodiment described above.

[0159] This application provides an intelligent power distribution management method, applied to a target vehicle, such as... Figure 5 The method may include the following steps: Step S101: Obtain the multi-source vehicle signal corresponding to the target vehicle.

[0160] Among them, multi-source vehicle signals include at least two of the following: vehicle dynamic signals, body status signals, occupant status signals, environmental perception signals, and fault signals.

[0161] Step S102: Determine the current driving scenario type based on multi-source vehicle signals.

[0162] Step S103: Based on the current driving scenario type, determine at least one target load from the loads corresponding to the target vehicle.

[0163] Specifically, step S103 above includes the following steps: Step S1031: Obtain the load attribute labels corresponding to each load.

[0164] The load attribute labels include at least one of the following: the security level label, the area label, the function label, the power consumption label, and the real-time label corresponding to the load. Step S1032: Based on the current driving scenario type, determine the target label combination corresponding to the current driving scenario type.

[0165] The target tag combination includes at least one load attribute tag corresponding to the load.

[0166] Step S1033: Based on the target label combination, determine at least one target load from each load.

[0167] Step S104: Perform preset power distribution management actions for each target load.

[0168] Specifically, step S104 above includes the following steps: Step S1041: Obtain the preset action combination library corresponding to each driving scenario type.

[0169] Step S1042: Based on the current driving scenario type, determine the target action combination corresponding to the current driving scenario type from the preset action combination library.

[0170] Step S1043: Based on the target action combination, execute the preset power distribution management action for each target load.

[0171] The preset power distribution management actions include at least one of the following: immediate shutdown, immediate restoration, current limiting power supply, pulse power supply, status monitoring, and delayed shutdown.

[0172] Step S105: Collect the current status data of each target load in real time.

[0173] The current status data includes at least one of the following: actual switch status, current real-time current, current real-time voltage, and current chip temperature.

[0174] Step S106: Compare the current status data corresponding to each target load with the expected status data corresponding to the target load.

[0175] Step S107: If the current state data is consistent with the expected state data, then the action is determined to have been executed successfully.

[0176] Step S108: If the current status data corresponding to the target load is inconsistent with the expected status data, then the target load is determined to be an electrical fault.

[0177] Step S109: Suspend all power distribution management actions corresponding to the faulty load.

[0178] Step S110: Identify the current status data corresponding to the faulty load and determine the fault type corresponding to the faulty load.

[0179] Step S111: Based on the fault type, implement the preset measures corresponding to the fault type for the faulty load.

[0180] The intelligent power distribution management method provided in this application acquires multi-source vehicle signals, determines the current driving scenario type based on these signals, and transmits the current driving scenario type to the intelligent power distribution equipment. This ensures the comprehensiveness and accuracy of scenario judgment, avoids misjudgment based on a single signal, and improves the reliability of driving scenario identification. It aligns with the actual operating state of the vehicle, providing a scientific basis for subsequent precise power distribution and avoiding energy waste or functional failure caused by blind power distribution. It acquires load attribute tags corresponding to each load. This allows the power distribution controller to quickly obtain load information locally without relying on the vehicle domain controller, improving power distribution response speed. The tags cover multi-dimensional load characteristics, providing a comprehensive and accurate basis for subsequent scenario-based load screening and avoiding screening bias. Based on the current driving scenario type, it determines the corresponding target tag combination, achieving precise mapping between driving scenarios and load tags, making load screening more targeted and aligned with the actual power supply needs of the scenario. It eliminates the need for hard-coding load matching, flexibly adapting to the dynamic changes of different scenarios and improving system adaptability and scalability. Based on the target tag combination, it determines at least one target load. Precisely select target loads that meet the needs of different scenarios to avoid ineffective power supply, reduce vehicle energy consumption, and achieve on-demand power distribution. The selection logic is simple and efficient, requiring no manual intervention, improving the intelligence level of the power distribution system, and adapting to vehicle models with different load configurations. Then, obtain a library of preset action combinations corresponding to each driving scenario type. The mapping relationship between scenarios and action combinations is centrally fixed, eliminating the need for real-time action calculation and improving the response speed of power distribution actions. The action combination library can be preset and updated, flexibly adapting to the power distribution needs of different scenarios, enhancing system scalability and maintainability. Power loss is saved, ensuring that action combinations can be quickly recalled when switching scenarios, guaranteeing the continuity and reliability of power distribution control. Based on the current driving scenario type, determine the corresponding target action combination. Achieve precise binding between scenarios and power distribution actions, making action execution more closely aligned with scenario requirements, improving the targeting of power distribution control. Automatic matching of action combinations without manual intervention or hard-coded adjustments improves the system's intelligence level and operational efficiency. Based on the target action combination, execute preset power distribution management actions on the target load. Multiple power distribution actions can be flexibly adapted to different scenarios (such as energy saving, protection, and fault handling) to meet diverse power distribution needs. The precise application of actions to the target load avoids ineffective actions, reduces energy consumption, and ensures the safe and stable operation of the load. Standardized action execution enables the standardization of power distribution management, improving system reliability and traceability.

[0181] Next, after executing preset power distribution management actions on each target load, the current status data of each target load is collected in real time. Data on actual switch status, current, voltage, chip temperature, and other dimensions are collected to provide physical truth for power distribution action verification, avoiding misjudgments caused by software speculation. Real-time feedback of current status data enables closed-loop monitoring of power distribution actions, timely detection of abnormal load states, and improved timeliness of system safety protection. The current status data is compared with the expected status data. Data comparison enables accurate verification of the power distribution action execution results, ensuring that actions are implemented according to preset logic and preventing "loss of control" after command issuance. The comparison logic is simple and efficient, with fast hardware-level execution, not consuming excessive computing resources, and ensuring system response speed. The comparison results determine whether the action was successful or an electrical fault occurred. Consistent status indicates successful action, ensuring effective implementation of the power distribution strategy and stable operation of the load according to scenario requirements. Inconsistent status indicates an electrical fault, enabling automatic fault identification and rapid detection, upgrading fault handling from "passive repair" to "proactive perception," and reducing the risk of fault escalation. The fault diagnosis accurately points to the target load of a single circuit, avoiding indiscriminate shutdowns and improving system fault tolerance and vehicle power supply continuity.

[0182] After determining that the target load has an electrical fault, all power distribution management actions of the eFuse matrix chip corresponding to the faulty load are suspended. This precisely pinpoints the fault channel, suspending only the eFuse matrix chip corresponding to the faulty load, without affecting power supply to other normal loads, thus avoiding a "one-stop-shop" scenario. Emergency pause commands have high priority and millisecond-level response, quickly curbing fault escalation, reducing secondary risks such as short-circuit current and chip overheating, and improving system safety. The eFuse matrix chip corresponding to the faulty load identifies the fault type. It autonomously identifies faults based on real-time acquired status data, requiring no additional computation, achieving rapid local diagnosis and improving fault response efficiency. It accurately matches fault types (short circuit, open circuit, etc.), providing a reliable basis for subsequent targeted handling, avoiding a "one-size-fits-all" approach, and improving fault handling accuracy. The eFuse matrix chip implements preset measures based on the fault type. Differentiated handling strategies are implemented for different fault types, balancing fault isolation and functional protection, improving system fault tolerance. Hardware-level execution of preset measures ensures fast response and high reliability, eliminating the need for frame-by-frame software control, guaranteeing the timeliness and effectiveness of fault handling.

[0183] For a detailed introduction to intelligent power distribution management methods, please refer to the introduction of intelligent power distribution management systems above; it will not be repeated here.

[0184] Although embodiments of the invention have been described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, those skilled in the art can make various modifications and variations without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention, and such modifications and variations all fall within the scope defined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An intelligent power distribution management system, characterized in that, Applied to a target vehicle, the intelligent power distribution management system includes: a body domain controller and intelligent power distribution equipment, wherein the body domain controller and the intelligent power distribution equipment are communicatively connected, and the intelligent power distribution equipment is pluggably connected to various loads in the target vehicle; wherein: The vehicle domain controller is used to acquire multi-source vehicle signals corresponding to the target vehicle; Based on the multi-source vehicle signals, the current driving scenario type is determined and transmitted to the intelligent power distribution equipment; The intelligent power distribution equipment is used to determine at least one target load from the loads based on the current driving scenario type; and to perform preset power distribution management actions on each target load.

2. The intelligent power distribution management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The multi-source vehicle signals include at least two of the following: vehicle dynamic signals, body status signals, occupant status signals, environmental perception signals, and fault signals.

3. The intelligent power distribution management system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The intelligent power distribution equipment includes a communication module, a power distribution controller, and an electronic switch module matrix; wherein, the power distribution controller is communicatively connected to the vehicle domain controller via the communication module, the output terminal of the power distribution controller is connected to the input terminal of the electronic switch module matrix, and the output terminal of each electronic switch module in the electronic switch module matrix is ​​electrically connected to each of the loads; wherein: The communication module is used to receive the current driving scenario type sent by the vehicle domain controller; The power distribution controller is used to determine at least one target load from the loads based on the current driving scenario type; and to perform preset power distribution management actions on each target load based on the electronic switch module matrix connected to each target load.

4. The intelligent power distribution management system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The intelligent power distribution equipment further includes a memory, which is connected to the power distribution controller, wherein: The memory is used to store load attribute tags corresponding to each load; the load attribute tags include at least one of the following: security level tag, area tag, function tag, power consumption tag, and real-time tag corresponding to the load; The power distribution controller is used to determine a target tag combination corresponding to the current driving scenario type based on the current driving scenario type; the target tag combination includes at least one load attribute tag corresponding to a load; Based on the target label combination, at least one target load is determined from each of the loads.

5. The intelligent power distribution management system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The memory is also used to store a library of preset action combinations corresponding to each driving scenario type; The power distribution controller is configured to determine, based on the current driving scenario type, a target action combination corresponding to the current driving scenario type from the preset action combination library; and to execute preset power distribution management actions on each of the target loads based on the target action combination, wherein the preset power distribution management actions include at least one of immediate shutdown, immediate recovery, current limiting power supply, pulse power supply, status monitoring, and delayed shutdown.

6. The intelligent power distribution management system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The electronic switch module matrix consists of multiple eFuse matrix chips. Each eFuse matrix chip is also used to collect and transmit the current status data of the target load corresponding to the eFuse matrix chip back to the power distribution controller in real time. The current status data includes at least one of the following: actual switch status, current real-time current, current real-time voltage, and current chip temperature. The power distribution controller is used to compare the current state data corresponding to each target load with the expected state data corresponding to the target load; If the current state data matches the expected state data, then the action is determined to have been successfully executed. If the current status data corresponding to the target load is inconsistent with the expected status data, then the target load is determined to be an electrical fault.

7. The intelligent power distribution management system according to claim 6, characterized in that, After determining that the target load is an electrical fault, the power distribution controller is used to suspend all power distribution management actions corresponding to the faulty load; The eFuse matrix chip corresponding to the faulty load is used to identify the current state data corresponding to the faulty load and determine the fault type corresponding to the faulty load. Based on the fault type, implement the preset measures corresponding to the fault type on the faulty load.

8. The intelligent power distribution management system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The intelligent power distribution equipment further includes: a forward-looking current sampling hardware circuit; the forward-looking current sampling hardware circuit is electrically connected to the power distribution controller, wherein: The forward current sampling hardware circuit is used to collect the target load current whose current value is less than a preset current threshold in the target load; and transmit the target load current to the power distribution controller. The power distribution controller is used to transmit the target load current and the current change to the vehicle body domain controller when the current change corresponding to the target load current is greater than a preset change threshold. The vehicle domain controller is used to determine whether the target vehicle has exited the current driving scenario based on the target load current and the current change; if the target vehicle has exited the current driving scenario, it sends a current recovery command to the intelligent power distribution equipment; the current recovery command is used to instruct the intelligent power distribution equipment to resume the preset power distribution management actions for each of the target loads.

9. The intelligent power distribution management system according to claim 8, characterized in that, The forward current sampling hardware circuit is used to collect the circuit current in the target vehicle whose current value is less than a preset current threshold; and transmit the circuit current to the power distribution controller. The power distribution controller is used to transmit the circuit current to the vehicle body domain controller; The vehicle body domain controller is used to predict faults or wake up target loads in advance based on the circuit current.

10. A target vehicle, characterized in that, The target vehicle includes the vehicle body and the intelligent power distribution management system as described in any one of claims 1-9.

11. A smart power distribution management method, characterized in that, The method, applied to the intelligent power distribution management system according to any one of claims 1-9, comprises: Acquire multi-source vehicle signals corresponding to the target vehicle; the multi-source vehicle signals include at least two of the following: vehicle dynamic signals, body status signals, occupant status signals, environmental perception signals, and fault signals; Based on the multi-source vehicle signals, the current driving scenario type is determined; Based on the current driving scenario type, at least one target load is determined from the loads corresponding to the target vehicle; Perform preset power distribution management actions on each of the target loads.

12. The intelligent power distribution management method according to claim 11, characterized in that, The step of determining at least one target load from the loads corresponding to the target vehicle based on the current driving scenario type includes: Obtain the load attribute tags corresponding to each load; the load attribute tags include at least one of the following: security level tag, area tag, function tag, power consumption tag, and real-time tag corresponding to the load; Based on the current driving scenario type, a target tag combination corresponding to the current driving scenario type is determined; the target tag combination includes at least one load attribute tag corresponding to the load. Based on the target label combination, at least one target load is determined from each of the loads.

13. The intelligent power distribution management method according to claim 11, characterized in that, The execution of preset power distribution management actions for each of the target loads includes: Obtain the preset action combination library corresponding to each driving scenario type; Based on the current driving scenario type, determine the target action combination corresponding to the current driving scenario type from the preset action combination library; Based on the target action combination, a preset power distribution management action is performed on each of the target loads. The preset power distribution management action includes at least one of the following: immediate shutdown, immediate recovery, current limiting power supply, pulse power supply, status monitoring, and delayed shutdown.

14. The intelligent power distribution management method according to claim 11, characterized in that, After performing preset power distribution management actions on each of the target loads, the method further includes: Real-time acquisition of current status data for each target load; the current status data includes at least one of the following: actual switching status, current real-time current, current real-time voltage, and current chip temperature; Compare the current state data corresponding to each target load with the expected state data corresponding to the target load; If the current state data matches the expected state data, then the action is determined to have been successfully executed. If the current status data corresponding to the target load is inconsistent with the expected status data, then the target load is determined to be an electrical fault.

15. The intelligent power distribution management method according to claim 14, characterized in that, After determining that the target load has an electrical fault, the method further includes: Suspend all power distribution management actions corresponding to the faulty load; Identify the current status data corresponding to the faulty load to determine the fault type corresponding to the faulty load; Based on the fault type, implement the preset measures corresponding to the fault type on the faulty load.

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