Full-standard wire length cable strand ruler for super-long-span suspension bridge and manufacturing method thereof

Abstract

The present application relates to a kind of super-span suspension bridge full standard wire through length cable strand scale and its manufacturing method, belong to the technical field of suspension bridge cable.The through length cable strand scale is the permanent cable strand in main cable strand and serves, during the erection of main cable strand, the through length cable strand scale is preferentially erected and uses through length cable strand scale as linear measurement scale in the erection of other main cable strand, the through length cable strand scale is made of standard wire, the standard wire is pre-marked with main cable full length mark point, and the mark point of the standard wire belonging to a through length cable strand scale is aligned, and the through length cable strand scale is anchored at both ends.The precision of through length cable strand scale reaches 1 / 40000, before the erection of other cable strand, the through length cable strand scale is first erected, and the through length cable strand scale is used as linear measurement scale in the erection of suspension bridge main cable strand, and the linear control requirement of 1 / 20000 of suspension bridge can be realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to a continuous cable strand gauge for adjusting and controlling the alignment of the main cable of a suspension bridge and its manufacturing method. Background Technology

[0002] The main cable, often referred to as the "lifeline" of a suspension bridge, is composed of individual strands. Its relative position is typically determined by the first cable erected, which is generally designated as the "reference strand." Therefore, the accuracy of the reference strand's positioning determines whether the overall linearity and structural stress of the main cable meet design and monitoring requirements; its importance is self-evident. In traditional suspension bridges, the reference strand maintains the same precision as other strands, with a length error generally not exceeding 1 / 12000 of the total length. However, the main cable's alignment and height error must be no less than 1 / 2000, corresponding to a mark point error of no less than 1 / 40000 for the reference strand. Therefore, the traditional reference strand length precision cannot meet these requirements, necessitating continuous on-site adjustments.

[0003] The adjustment method is as follows: The monitoring unit provides the mileage of the middle and side spans. The measurement group lays out this position and installs the prism. When the temperature difference of the cable strands is less than 2 degrees and the wind speed meets the requirements, the mileage and elevation of the 6 measuring points in the middle and side spans of the left and right reference cables are measured simultaneously on both banks. The data provided to the monitoring unit by the on-site measurement includes: the mileage and elevation of the two scattered cable saddle IP points, the main cable saddle and the 6 reference cable measuring points. According to the monitoring data, the on-site reference sag adjustment method is to first adjust the middle span and then the side spans. First, according to the measurement results, the absolute sag adjustment amount of the cable strands is calculated. (1) Middle span adjustment: Calculate the cable strand adjustment amount of the middle span: Select the cable strand at the top of one tower as the fixed end, and merge and fix the cable strand position mark with the saddle center mark. Install the adjustment device at the movable side tower top cable saddle and scattered cable saddle, and then adjust the moving cable strands in the span; introduce the cable strand anchor head adjustment device, select a shim with an equivalent adjustment amount, and loosen the cable strand anchor head adjustment device. The adjustment work is not completed at once, but the adjustment amount is divided into several parts corresponding to the shim amount, while observing the movement of the cable strands and the change in sag. After the cable strands are adjusted, a mark is made on the cable strands inside the tower top saddle (to determine whether the cable strands have moved when the sag of the side span is adjusted to the cable strands above), and then the cable strands are temporarily fixed at each tower top saddle position. (2) Side span adjustment: After the sag of the middle span is adjusted, the sag adjustment amount of the side span is calculated: the cable strands are moved inside the side span, and the sag is adjusted to be basically the same as that of the middle span. This is repeated until the height difference between the upstream and downstream cable strands is less than the required value, and then the stable observation period begins.

[0004] The on-site measurement of the reference cable strands must take into account the impact of external temperature changes and wind speed on the cable strand elevation. To minimize the influence of temperature and wind speed variations, measurements are taken between 0:00 and 4:00 AM when temperature differences are relatively stable and there is no wind, making on-site operations challenging. As the span of suspension bridges increases and cable lengths become longer, adjusting the reference cable strands using the above methods places even greater demands on the temperature and wind speed conditions at the bridge site. Due to the uncontrollable nature of weather conditions, the adjustment cycle for the reference cable strands is longer, and the adjustment is even more difficult. Summary of the Invention

[0005] To address the technical challenges of the existing technologies, this application proposes a permanent, fully standard wire continuous cable strand gauge for suspension bridges and its manufacturing method. This continuous cable strand gauge uses only standard wires and has an accuracy of 1 / 40000. Before erecting other cable strands, this continuous cable strand gauge is erected first, serving as a benchmark for measuring the alignment of the main cable strands during the erection of the suspension bridge. This achieves the 1 / 20000 alignment control requirement for the suspension bridge, avoiding repeated adjustments to the alignment of the reference cable strands on-site and improving the quality and duration of the reference cable strand erection.

[0006] The technical solution adopted in this invention is a full-length standard wire strand gauge for ultra-long span suspension bridges, characterized in that: the full-length strand gauge is used in service by permanent strands in the main cable strands; during the erection of the main cable strands, the full-length strand gauge is erected first and used as a linear measurement gauge in the erection of other main cable strands; the full-length strand gauge is made of standard wires, which are pre-marked with marking points along the entire length of the main cable, and the marking points of the standard wires belonging to one full-length strand gauge are aligned; the two ends of the full-length strand gauge are anchored.

[0007] Preferably, there are two or more continuous cable strand markers, and the continuous cable strand markers are located at least at the lowest point in the middle and at the lower corners on both sides of the main cable saddle section.

[0008] Preferably, before the continuous cable strand ruler is erected, clamps are installed on both sides of the marked point. The clamps are wrapped around the outside of the cable strand to fix the standard wire and prevent it from shifting.

[0009] The above-mentioned method for making a continuous cable strand gauge is as follows: Select standard wires to make a continuous cable strand gauge, pre-shape the continuous cable strand gauge at the cable saddle to match the inner dimensions at the cable saddle erection position, check each layer during the manufacturing process to align all the marking points of each standard wire, and install clamps on both sides of the aligned marking points to temporarily clamp the cable strands to prevent the cable strands from shifting during coiling and erection. Remove the clamps as needed based on the site conditions during on-site erection.

[0010] Further, the measurement and marking of the standard wires are carried out as follows: 1) Set up a total station on the standard wire production line. Install reflecting prisms at positions A1 and A2 on the pre-drilled holes of the panel (P1, P2, ...) on the standard wire production line. The reflecting prisms are erected on the pre-drilled holes of the panel through prism rods. The flatness deviation of the panel is no more than 1mm. Use the total station to measure the distances S1 and S2 of the reflecting prisms and the horizontal angle θ between the two directions in sequence. The distance L1 from P1 to P2 can be obtained. The calculation formula is as follows. ; 2) Compare the initial test distance L1 with the standard wire manufacturing process design value L0. Based on the difference between L1 and L0, move the prism until L1 and L0 are the same. 3) On the standard wire making stand, at a position parallel to the first prism rod, find another prism rod support point B1 and B2. Ensure that the final test distance L2 of the prism at support point B is the same as the process design value L0. Connect support points A1 and B1 and support points A2 and B2 to form marking lines A1-B1 and A2-B2. 4) Select steel wire to make a reference standard wire, and mark other standard wires according to the scale of the reference standard wire; 5) Unfold the steel wire, and place a square along the A1-B1 line and the A1-B1 line at the corresponding pedestal marking line. Introduce the marking point of the pedestal to the steel wire, and make on-site temperature correction to eliminate the influence of thermal expansion and contraction on the length of the steel wire.

[0011] Preferably, step 5), the calculation method for on-site temperature correction during the standard wire production process: ; In the formula, L' is the length after temperature correction; L0 is the design length; T0 is the reference temperature corresponding to the design length; α is the thermal expansion coefficient of the steel wire; and T is the temperature of the reference standard wire production area.

[0012] Preferably, to reduce temperature modification errors, a standard yarn temperature measurement and control network is further established. An intelligent temperature sensor with a measurement error of 0.1℃ is installed every 5 meters on the standard yarn production line. The temperatures at each measuring point are sequentially labeled as T1, T2, T3, ... T... n A standard wire temperature measurement network is formed; based on engineering measurement principles, under the same observation conditions, the temperature of each measuring point is observed n times, and the observed values ​​are T. 11 , T 12 , …, T 1n The arithmetic mean of the above n measurements is taken as the temperature T1 at the measuring point, and the errors of the corresponding n observations are ΔT. 11 ,ΔT 12 , …ΔT 1n , ΔT 1nLet Δt be the measurement accuracy of a single temperature sensor. Then, the standard error of the arithmetic mean T1 of a single measuring point after multiple measurements is: ; in, ; but .

[0013] Preferably, when the temperature sensor Δt is 0.3℃, the temperature accuracy of each measuring point reaches 0.09℃ when the temperature is measured 10 times; the temperature accuracy of each measuring point reaches 0.07℃ when the temperature is measured 20 times; and the temperature accuracy of each measuring point reaches 0.05℃ when the temperature is measured 30 times. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram showing the position of the continuous cable strand scale within the main cable saddle in the embodiment; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the continuous cable strand scale at the bottom of the main cable saddle groove in the embodiment; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the measurement of the platform during the fabrication of the standard wire in the embodiment; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram showing the markings on the platform used to manufacture the standard wire in the embodiment. Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram showing the standard wire temperature correction and marking in the embodiment; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the alignment of the standard wire layer markings in the embodiment; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the pre-forming of the full-length cable strand scale at the cable saddle in the embodiment; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram illustrating the clamp positioning of the continuous cable strand scale in the embodiment; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram showing the positioning of the continuous cable strand scale at the cable saddle in the embodiment; Figure 10 This is a flowchart illustrating the manufacturing process of the through-length cable strand scale in the embodiment; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of a continuous cable strand gauge tie rod anchorage structure; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of a continuous cable strand gauge lug anchoring structure. Detailed Implementation

[0015] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The embodiments described are exemplary and intended to explain the present invention, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0016] This embodiment relates to a permanent, full-standard wire, continuous strand gauge for the main cable of a suspension bridge and its manufacturing method. According to the designed length of the suspension bridge alignment, 19 standard wire marking points were measured and pre-marked indoors using a total station. The markings on these 19 standard wires were then aligned to form the continuous strand gauge, which was anchored at both ends to ensure an accuracy of 1 / 40000. Before erecting other strands, this continuous strand gauge is first erected, serving as the alignment measurement benchmark during the main cable strand erection, achieving an alignment control requirement of 1 / 20000 for the suspension bridge.

[0017] 1. Location of the continuous cable stretcher scale Each main cable is equipped with three 19-wire standard strand gauges. To ensure consistency with the strand alignment, the gauges are positioned at the two corners and the base corner of the hexagon in the saddle groove. A schematic diagram of the gauge positions within the saddle groove is shown below. Figure 1 The cross-sectional shape is as follows Figure 2 They are located at the bottom of the No. 46, No. 1, and No. 55 long rope strands, respectively.

[0018] 2. Measurement and marking of standard wires for continuous strand gauges 1) Set up a total station at a suitable location on the standard wire fabrication line. Install reflecting prisms at positions A1 and A2 on the pre-drilled holes in the panel of the platform (P1, P2, ...) on the standard wire fabrication line using prism rods. The flatness deviation of the platform panel should not exceed 1mm. Use the total station to measure the distances S1 and S2 of the reflecting prisms and the horizontal angle θ between the two directions in sequence to obtain the distance L1 from P1 to P2.

[0019] .

[0020] 2) Compare the initial test distance L1 with the standard yarn manufacturing process design value L0. Based on the difference between the two, move the prism and measure and adjust again until the final test distance L1 is the same as the process design value L0.

[0021] 3) On the standard wire fabrication stand, at a position parallel to the first prism rod, find two more prism rod support points, B1 and B2. Ensure that the final test distance L2 of the prism at support point B is the same as the process design value L0. Connect support points A1 and B1 with support points A2 and B2 to form marking lines A1-B1 and A2-B1. 2。

[0022] 4) Select one steel wire to make a reference standard wire, and mark the other standard wires according to the scale of the reference standard wire.

[0023] 5) Unfold the steel wire used to make the reference standard wire. Place squares along line A1-B1 and line A1-B1 at the corresponding marks on the pedestal. Introduce the marks from the pedestal onto the steel wire. Perform on-site temperature correction according to the following formula to eliminate the influence of thermal expansion and contraction on the wire length: L ’ =L0[1+α(T-T0)].

[0024] Where L0 is the design length; T0 is the reference temperature corresponding to the design length; α is the thermal expansion coefficient of the steel wire; and T is the temperature of the area where the reference standard wire is made.

[0025] 6) Temperature correction and marking, the marking process is as follows: Figure 5 .

[0026] 7) Establish a standard yarn temperature measurement and control network to improve the temperature measurement accuracy and reduce temperature correction deviation in the standard yarn production area. This method involves installing an intelligent temperature sensor with a measurement error of 0.1℃ every 5 meters along the standard yarn production line, for a total of 70 temperature sensors. The temperature at each measuring point is designated as T1, T2, T3,…T 70 This forms a standard wire temperature measurement network.

[0027] To improve the accuracy of temperature observations at each measuring point, based on engineering measurement principles, the temperature at each measuring point is observed n times under the same observation conditions, and the observed values ​​are T. 11 , T 12 , …, T 1n The arithmetic mean of the above n measurements is taken as the temperature T1 at the measuring point. The errors of the corresponding n observations are ΔT. 11 ,ΔT 12 , …ΔT 1n , ΔT 1n Let Δt represent the measurement accuracy of a single temperature sensor. Then, the standard error of the arithmetic mean T1 of a single measuring point after multiple measurements is: ; in, ; .

[0028] The intelligent temperature sensor used in this system has an accuracy of Δt=0.3℃.

[0029] When the temperature at each measuring point is measured 30 times, the temperature accuracy at each measuring point can reach 0.05℃.

[0030] This invention uses an intelligent temperature sensor. The temperature at each measuring point is measured 30 times, and the arithmetic mean is taken as the standard. The temperature measurement accuracy at this measuring point can reach 0.05℃.

[0031] Using the above standard wire temperature measuring mesh, the temperature of the standard wire is... ; The temperature system deviation is such that the measurement accuracy can reach 0.05℃.

[0032] 3. Fabrication of a long cable stretcher 1) Select standard steel wires made using the above method to fabricate the ruler. A full-length strand ruler typically has 19 steel wires to ensure layered inspection during fabrication and to align all markings on each wire. Figure 6 As shown.

[0033] 2) The cable strands within the saddle groove need to be pre-formed to the width dimensions of the entire cable strand. The pre-formed dimensions are shown in the figure. Figure 7 .

[0034] 3) To ensure that the marked points on the 19 steel wires do not shift during coiling and erection, rectangular clamps are installed on both sides of the marked points to hold the strands in place. Figure 8 As shown, the cable strands will be dismantled after installation, depending on the site conditions. The positioning of the full-length cable strand markers at both ends of the cable saddle is as follows: Figure 9 .

[0035] 4. Method for making a continuous rope bar ruler Before the production of the 19 standard wires in the continuous strand scale, a third-party organization will be invited to calibrate and verify the standard wire base and reference wires of the reference strand manufacturing unit. The production process of the continuous strand scale is as follows: Figure 10 As shown.

[0036] 5. Anchoring Based on the ease of anchorage construction and considering the adjustment of the length of the continuous cable strand gauge and the reliability of the anchorage, a tie rod anchorage can be adopted, such as... Figure 11 And ear-plate type anchoring, such as Figure 12 .

Claims

1. A full-length standard cable strand gauge for ultra-long span suspension bridges, characterized in that: The continuous strand gauge is used in service as a permanent strand in the main cable strand. During the erection of the main cable strand, the continuous strand gauge is erected first and used as a linear measurement gauge in the erection of other main cable strands. The continuous strand gauge is made of standard wire. The standard wire is used to pre-mark the marking points of the entire length of the main cable, and the marking points of the standard wire belonging to a continuous strand gauge are aligned. The two ends of the continuous strand gauge are anchored.

2. The continuous cable strand ruler according to claim 1, characterized in that: The continuous cable strand marker consists of two or more strands, and is located at least at the lowest point in the middle of the cable saddle section and at the lower corners on both sides, with the cable strands pre-formed at the cable saddle.

3. The continuous cable strand ruler according to claim 1, characterized in that: Before the continuous cable strand ruler is erected, clamps are installed on both sides of the marked point. The clamps are wrapped around the outside of the cable strand to fix the standard wire and prevent it from shifting.

4. A method for manufacturing a continuous cable strand scale as described in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: Standard wires are selected to make a continuous strand gauge. The shape of the continuous strand gauge at the cable saddle is pre-formed to match the inner dimensions at the cable saddle erection position. During the manufacturing process, the marking points of each standard wire are checked layer by layer to ensure that all marking points are aligned. Clamps are installed on both sides of the aligned marking points to temporarily hold the strands in place, preventing the strands from shifting during coiling and erection. The clamps are removed as needed based on the site conditions during on-site erection.

5. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that: The measurement and marking of the standard wire are performed as follows: 1) Set up a total station on the standard wire production line. Install reflecting prisms at positions A1 and A2 on the pre-drilled holes of the panel (P1, P2, ...) on the standard wire production line. The reflecting prisms are erected on the pre-drilled holes of the panel through prism rods. The flatness deviation of the panel is no more than 1mm. Use the total station to measure the distances S1 and S2 of the reflecting prisms and the horizontal angle θ between the two directions in sequence. The distance L1 from P1 to P2 can be obtained. The calculation formula is as follows. ； 2) Compare the initial test distance L1 with the standard wire manufacturing process design value L0. Based on the difference between L1 and L0, move the prism until L1 and L0 are the same. 3) On the standard wire making stand, at a position parallel to the first prism rod, find another prism rod support point B1 and B2. Ensure that the final test distance L2 of the prism at support point B is the same as the process design value L0. Connect support points A1 and B1 and support points A2 and B2 to form marking lines A1-B1 and A2-B2. 4) Select steel wire to make a reference standard wire, and mark other standard wires according to the scale of the reference standard wire; 5) Unfold the steel wire, and place a square along the A1-B1 line and the A1-B1 line at the corresponding pedestal marking line. Introduce the marking point of the pedestal to the steel wire, and make on-site temperature correction to eliminate the influence of thermal expansion and contraction on the length of the steel wire.

6. The method according to claim 5, characterized in that: Step 5), Calculation method for on-site temperature correction during standard wire fabrication: ； In the formula, L' is the length after temperature correction; L0 is the design length; T0 is the reference temperature corresponding to the design length; α is the thermal expansion coefficient of the steel wire; and T is the temperature of the reference standard wire production area.

7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that: To further reduce temperature correction errors, a standard yarn temperature measurement and control network was set up. An intelligent temperature sensor with a measurement error of 0.1℃ was installed every 5 meters on the standard yarn production line. The temperatures at each measuring point were sequentially labeled as T1, T2, T3, ... T... n A standard wire temperature measurement network is formed; based on engineering measurement principles, under the same observation conditions, the temperature of each measuring point is observed n times, and the observed values ​​are T. 11 , T 12 , …, T 1n The arithmetic mean of the above n measurements is taken as the temperature T1 at the measuring point, and the errors of the corresponding n observations are ΔT. 11 ,ΔT 12 , …ΔT 1n , ΔT 1n Let Δt be the measurement accuracy of a single temperature sensor. Then, the standard error of the arithmetic mean T1 of a single measuring point after multiple measurements is: ； in, ; but .

8. The method according to claim 7, characterized in that: When the temperature sensor Δt is 0.3℃, the temperature accuracy of each measuring point reaches 0.09℃ when the temperature is measured 10 times; 0.07℃ when the temperature is measured 20 times; and 0.05℃ when the temperature is measured 30 times.

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