Intelligent heat dissipation device and method for transformer in large temperature difference area

Abstract

The application discloses a transformer intelligent heat dissipation device for a large temperature difference area, relates to the technical field of transformers, and mainly solves the problem that a large temperature difference area cannot effectively dissipate heat or consumes high energy in heat dissipation, and comprises an oil-immersed transformer and an oil pillow arranged on the oil-immersed transformer, heat dissipation mechanisms are arranged on two opposite sides of the oil-immersed transformer, the two heat dissipation mechanisms are mirror-symmetrically arranged, air supply mechanisms are arranged at the bottoms of the heat dissipation mechanisms, an intelligent heat adjusting mechanism is arranged partly in the oil-immersed transformer and partly on a vertical side between the two heat dissipation mechanisms of the oil-immersed transformer, and the device can efficiently and energy-savingly solve the heat dissipation problem through multiple heat dissipation modes, and can heat the transformer when necessary while solving the heat dissipation problem, so that the operation of the transformer is better protected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of transformer technology, specifically to an intelligent heat dissipation device and method for transformers used in areas with large temperature differences. Background Technology

[0002] In regions of my country with large temperature differences, the daily maximum and minimum temperatures can reach over 40°C. However, the conditions of transformers and other equipment are completely different under cold and high-temperature conditions. Each type of transformer has a relatively suitable operating temperature at which it can achieve maximum efficiency and extend its service life. However, existing heat dissipation devices cannot adapt well to areas with large temperature variations, which can easily lead to incomplete heat dissipation or excessively high heat dissipation efficiency, resulting in resource waste. Furthermore, transformers operating in low-temperature environments can easily affect the service life of the insulating oil and the overall operating efficiency of the transformer.

[0003] Therefore, it is necessary to provide an intelligent heat dissipation device for transformers used in areas with large temperature differences to solve the above problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a smart heat dissipation device for transformers used in areas with large temperature differences includes: an oil-immersed transformer and an oil conservator installed on the oil-immersed transformer. Heat dissipation mechanisms are provided on two opposite sides of the oil-immersed transformer. The two heat dissipation mechanisms are arranged in a mirror image, and each heat dissipation mechanism has an air supply mechanism at its bottom. The intelligent heat regulation mechanism is partly placed inside the oil-immersed transformer and partly set on a vertical side between the two heat dissipation mechanisms of the oil-immersed transformer. The heat dissipation mechanism includes a fixed support frame, which is fixedly mounted on one vertical side of the oil-immersed transformer. A fixed mounting plate is fixedly mounted on the inner side wall of one end of the fixed support frame. An adjustable heat dissipation component is fixedly mounted on the other end of the fixed mounting plate. The other end of the adjustable heat dissipation component is fixedly mounted on a sliding mounting plate. The sliding mounting plate is vertically slidably mounted inside the fixed support frame. A hydraulic actuator is fixedly mounted between the fixed mounting plate and the sliding mounting plate. The hydraulic actuator is connected to a hydraulic system, which is fixedly mounted on the fixed support frame. The oil pump is connected at one end to the adjustable heat dissipation component and at the other end to the lower inner side of the oil-immersed transformer.

[0005] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment, the adjustable heat dissipation component includes heat sinks, and multiple sets of heat sinks are arranged in a row. The heat sinks at both ends are fixedly mounted on a fixed mounting plate and a sliding mounting plate, respectively. Adjacent heat sinks are connected by sliding connecting posts, and the sliding connecting posts of two adjacent heat sinks of the same heat sink are staggered. The heat sink is a hollow, flat component made of aluminum alloy with high heat dissipation properties. It has an oil inlet and an oil outlet at its upper and lower ends, respectively. The oil inlet is connected to the oil-immersed transformer through a flexible oil pipe, and the lower oil outlet is connected to the cooling return pipe through another flexible oil pipe. The cooling return pipe is connected to the oil pump.

[0006] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment, a first control valve is provided between the flexible oil pipe connected to the oil inlet of the heat sink and the oil-immersed transformer.

[0007] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment, it includes: an adjusting spring is fitted on each sliding connecting post between two adjacent heat sinks, and a telescopic dustproof tube is fitted on the outside of the adjusting spring.

[0008] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment, it includes a fixed ring frame, which is horizontally fixed to the bottom of the heat dissipation mechanism. The inner side of the fixed ring frame is provided with two horizontal sliding rails, and a first fan and a second fan are provided on the upper sliding rail. The first fan and the second fan are respectively fixed to a fixed mounting plate and a sliding mounting plate. A third fan and a fourth fan are installed on the sliding track at the lower end. The third fan and the fourth fan are fixed to each other, and the first fan and the second fan are respectively provided with limiters to restrict the position of the third fan and the fourth fan.

[0009] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment, a high-friction material is added to the connection between the third fan and the sliding track.

[0010] Furthermore, preferably, the intelligent heat regulation mechanism includes: A hot water tank is fixedly placed on one side of an oil-immersed transformer. Multiple heat-conducting copper pipes are installed on the upper and lower sides of the side wall of the hot water tank near the oil-immersed transformer. The heat-conducting copper pipes have a horizontal "U" shape. The main body of the heat-conducting copper pipe is located inside the oil-immersed transformer, and the ports are all located inside the hot water tank. The part between the hot water tank and the oil-immersed transformer is covered with a heat insulation layer, and a second control valve is also installed in this part. The radiator is fixedly mounted on the side of the insulated water tank away from the oil-immersed transformer; A stirrer is installed inside the insulated water tank, and a drive motor is installed at its upper end; The heater is fixedly installed at the upper end of the insulated water tank.

[0011] Furthermore, as a preferred embodiment, the insulated water tank is externally connected to a circulating water supply mechanism.

[0012] A smart heat dissipation method for transformers used in areas with large temperature differences includes the following steps: S1. Initially, all the first and second control valves are closed. At this time, the heat generation and heat dissipation of the oil-immersed transformer can be basically balanced, and the oil-immersed transformer maintains a stable working state. S2. As the ambient temperature rises, the heat generated by the oil-immersed transformer gradually exceeds the heat dissipation. At this time, all the first control valves are opened gradually according to the heat generation efficiency, and auxiliary heat dissipation is carried out through the heat dissipation mechanism. This process is the first heat dissipation mode. S3. When all the first control valves are open and the heat generation is still greater than the heat dissipation, the second control valve can be gradually opened so that the intelligent heating mechanism can perform auxiliary heat dissipation and drive the stirrer to rotate to improve heat dissipation efficiency. This is the second heat dissipation mode. S4. When all the first and second control valves are open and the heat generation is still greater than the heat dissipation, the first and second fans of the heat dissipation mechanism are turned on. The oil-immersed transformer can be kept in a relatively stable state by adjusting the speed of the first and second fans. This process is the third heat dissipation mode. S5. When the first and second fans fail to balance heat generation and dissipation, the hydraulic system is activated, which adjusts the distance between the heat sinks on the heat dissipation mechanism through the hydraulic actuator, thereby accelerating heat dissipation. At the same time, the third and fourth fans on the air supply mechanism can be gradually activated to accelerate heat dissipation efficiency. This process is the fourth heat dissipation mode. S6. When the above processes fail to balance heat generation and heat dissipation, the circulating water cooling system connected to the insulated water tank is used for direct heat dissipation. S7. As the external temperature decreases, each mechanism gradually closes while ensuring a balance between heat generation and heat dissipation. It is worth noting that the intelligent heating mechanism closes from the bottom second control valve upwards. S8. Until the initial state is returned; S9. As the external temperature decreases, if the heat generated inside the oil-immersed transformer is less than the external temperature, its internal temperature will gradually decrease. At this time, the second control valve can be opened from top to bottom to transfer the heat stored inside to the entire oil-immersed transformer through the heat-conducting copper pipe. S10. When the heat stored in the intelligent heating mechanism is insufficient to support the smooth operation of the oil-immersed transformer, the heater is activated to provide heat to ensure operation; S11. Until the production capacity and heat dissipation can be balanced, first turn off the heater, and then gradually close the second control valve from bottom to top; S12. Repeat the above steps.

[0013] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides an intelligent heat dissipation device and method for transformers used in areas with large temperature differences, which has the following beneficial effects: In this invention, the heat dissipation mechanism is designed for regions with large temperature differences, where the diurnal temperature variation is significant. Therefore, some of the heat dissipation mechanisms can adaptively adjust to changes in the external temperature, minimizing heat loss while ensuring normal heat dissipation of the oil-immersed transformer, thereby extending the device's lifespan. The air supply mechanism and intelligent heat regulation mechanism assist the heat dissipation mechanism in completing the constantly changing heat dissipation process. The air supply mechanism assists heat dissipation by increasing airflow through airflow, while the intelligent heat regulation mechanism absorbs heat through water cooling and then dissipates it naturally. Simultaneously, the intelligent heat regulation mechanism can store a portion of the heat dissipated by the oil-immersed transformer. When the external ambient temperature is below -25℃ and the transformer load rate is consistently below 30%, the stored heat is transferred to the insulating oil through heat conduction, ensuring normal circulation of the insulating oil. This prevents the oil-immersed transformer's own heat generation from being insufficient to maintain normal oil circulation, leading to a significant decrease in oil flow velocity and causing localized overheating of the windings, thus affecting transformer operation. Furthermore, when the external temperature is too low or remains low for an extended period, the intelligent heat regulation mechanism can also generate its own heat to meet the heat requirements of the oil-immersed transformer, ensuring its normal operation. Attached Figure Description

[0014] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of a smart heat dissipation device for transformers used in areas with large temperature differences; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the heat dissipation mechanism. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the adjustable heat dissipation component structure; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the internal structure of a heat sink; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the air supply mechanism. Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of a partially concealed structure of the intelligent heat regulation mechanism; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the intelligent heat regulation mechanism. In the diagram: 1. Oil-immersed transformer; 2. Oil conservator; 3. Heat dissipation mechanism; 4. Air supply mechanism; 5. Intelligent heat adjustment mechanism; 31. Fixed support frame; 32. Fixed mounting plate; 33. Sliding mounting plate; 34. Adjustable heat dissipation component; 35. Hydraulic actuator; 36. Hydraulic system; 37. Oil pump; 341. Heat sink; 342. Sliding connecting column; 343. Telescopic dustproof pipe; 344. Cooling return pipe; 345. Flexible oil pipe; 346. First control valve; 41. Fixed ring frame; 42. Sliding track; 43. First fan; 44. Second fan; 45. Third fan; 46. Fourth fan; 51. Insulated water tank; 52. Thermally conductive copper pipe; 53. Second control valve; 54. Radiator; 55. Agitator; 56. Heater. Detailed Implementation

[0015] Please see Figures 1 to 7 The present invention provides an intelligent heat dissipation device for transformers in areas with large temperature differences, including: an oil-immersed transformer 1 and an oil conservator 2 installed on the oil-immersed transformer 1. Heat dissipation mechanisms 3 are provided on two opposite sides of the oil-immersed transformer 1, the two heat dissipation mechanisms 3 are mirror images of each other, and each heat dissipation mechanism 3 is provided with an air supply mechanism 4 at its bottom. The intelligent heat regulation mechanism 5 is partly placed inside the oil-immersed transformer 1, and the other part is set on a vertical side between the two heat dissipation mechanisms 3 of the oil-immersed transformer 1. The heat dissipation mechanism 3 includes a fixed support frame 31, which is fixedly mounted on a vertical side of the oil-immersed transformer 1. A fixed mounting plate 32 is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of one end of the fixed support frame 31. An adjustable heat dissipation component 34 is fixedly mounted on the other end of the fixed mounting plate 32. The other end of the adjustable heat dissipation component 34 is fixedly mounted on a sliding mounting plate 33. The sliding mounting plate 33 is vertically slidably mounted inside the fixed support frame 31. A hydraulic actuator 35 is fixedly mounted between the fixed mounting plate 32 and the sliding mounting plate 33. The hydraulic actuator 35 is connected to a hydraulic system 36, which is fixedly mounted on the fixed support frame 31. Oil pump 37, one end is connected to adjustable heat dissipation component 34, and the other end is connected to the lower inner side of oil-immersed transformer 1; In a preferred embodiment, the heat dissipation mechanism 3 is designed for regions with large temperature differences, where the diurnal temperature variation is significant. Therefore, some heat dissipation mechanisms 3 can adaptively adjust to changes in the external temperature, minimizing heat loss while ensuring normal heat dissipation of the oil-immersed transformer 1, thereby extending the device's lifespan. The air supply mechanism 4 and the intelligent heat regulation mechanism 5 assist the heat dissipation mechanism 3 in completing the continuously changing heat dissipation process. The air supply mechanism 4 assists in heat dissipation by increasing airflow through airflow, while the intelligent heat regulation mechanism 5 absorbs heat through water cooling and then dissipates it naturally. The intelligent heating mechanism 5 can store a portion of the heat dissipated by the oil-immersed transformer 1. When the ambient temperature is below -25℃ and the transformer load rate is below 30% for an extended period, the stored heat is transferred to the insulating oil through heat conduction, thereby ensuring the normal circulation of the insulating oil. This prevents the oil-immersed transformer 1 from generating enough heat to maintain the normal circulation of the insulating oil, which would cause a significant decrease in oil flow velocity, resulting in local overheating of the windings and affecting the operation of the transformer. Furthermore, when the ambient temperature is too low or remains low for an extended period, the intelligent heating mechanism 5 can also generate heat autonomously to meet the heat requirements of the oil-immersed transformer 1 and ensure the normal operation of the oil-immersed transformer. During implementation, due to the characteristics of insulating oil, the high-temperature insulating oil enters the adjustable heat dissipation component 34, and after being cooled by the adjustable heat dissipation component 34, it returns to the oil-immersed transformer 1 to complete the circulation. In actual operation, the hydraulic system 36 can drive the hydraulic actuator 35, causing the sliding mounting plate 33 to move the components on the adjustable heat dissipation component 34, thereby increasing the spacing between the components inside the adjustable heat dissipation component 34 and thus improving the heat dissipation efficiency of the adjustable heat dissipation component 34. At the same time, the oil pump 37 can be used to accelerate the flow rate of the adjustable heat dissipation component 34 to the oil-immersed transformer 1, thereby further improving the circulation efficiency of the insulating oil and thus achieving the purpose of improving the heat dissipation efficiency.

[0016] Furthermore, the adjustable heat dissipation component 34 includes heat sinks 341, and multiple sets of heat sinks 341 are arranged. The heat sinks 341 at both ends are fixedly mounted on the fixed mounting plate 32 and the sliding mounting plate 33, respectively. Adjacent heat sinks 341 are connected by sliding connecting posts 342, and the sliding connecting posts 342 of adjacent heat sinks 341 of the same heat sink 341 are staggered. The heat sink 341 is a hollow, flat component made of aluminum alloy with high heat dissipation properties. It has an oil inlet and an oil outlet at its upper and lower ends, respectively. The oil inlet is connected to the oil-immersed transformer 1 via a flexible oil pipe 345, and the lower oil outlet is connected to a cooling return pipe 344 via another flexible oil pipe 345. The cooling return pipe 344 is then connected to the oil pump 37. In a preferred embodiment, the flexible oil pipe 345 provides a basis for the movement of the heat sink 341 while ensuring the circulation of insulating oil. The hollow flat structure of the heat sink 341 can further increase the contact area between the insulating oil and the heat sink 341, thereby improving the heat dissipation efficiency. The aluminum alloy used is only 1 / 3 the density of copper, making it lighter in weight for the same volume, which is more suitable for heat dissipation scenarios with weight requirements, such as transformers and new energy equipment. The staggered sliding connecting columns 342 can ensure a certain distance between the heat sinks 341 during the adjustment of the position, avoiding the accumulation of heat sinks 341.

[0017] Furthermore, a first control valve 346 is provided between the flexible oil pipe 345 connected to the oil inlet of the heat sink 341 and the oil-immersed transformer 1; As a preferred embodiment, the first control valve 346 can be configured to freely adjust the number of heat sinks 341 used according to actual conditions. For example, in some colder regions at night, if the first control valve 346 is opened, less heat will be generated inside the oil-immersed transformer 1, and the temperature of the internal insulating oil will gradually approach the outside temperature, thereby slowing down the flow rate of the insulating oil and causing local overheating of the winding. Therefore, in some special cases, more heat sinks 341 are not necessarily better. Thus, the configuration of the first control valve 346 can precisely control the number of heat sinks 341 that are opened according to actual conditions, thereby better completing the entire heat dissipation work and improving the service life of the oil-immersed transformer 1.

[0018] Furthermore, an adjusting spring is fitted on the sliding connecting post 342 between two adjacent heat sinks 341, and a telescopic dustproof tube 343 is fitted on the outside of the adjusting spring. In a preferred embodiment, the setting of the adjusting spring can keep the distance between all heat sinks 341 equal during the movement of the sliding mounting plate 33, thereby ensuring the heat dissipation effect of each heat sink 341. The setting of the telescopic dustproof tube 343 can protect the adjusting spring and prevent impurities from affecting the elasticity of the adjusting spring.

[0019] Furthermore, it includes a fixed ring frame 41, which is horizontally fixed to the bottom of the heat dissipation mechanism 3. The fixed ring frame 41 has two horizontal sliding rails 42 arranged vertically on its inner side. A first fan 43 and a second fan 44 are arranged on the upper sliding rail 42. The first fan 43 and the second fan 44 are respectively fixed to the fixed mounting plate 32 and the sliding mounting plate 33. A third fan 45 and a fourth fan 46 are provided on the sliding rail 42 at the lower end. The third fan 45 and the fourth fan 46 are fixed to each other, and the first fan 43 and the second fan 44 are respectively provided with limiters to restrict the position of the third fan 45 and the fourth fan 46. In a preferred embodiment, the air supply mechanism 4 is positioned below the heat dissipation mechanism 3, ensuring that the airflow direction is completely aligned with the natural upward movement of hot air. This avoids counteracting the natural lift of the hot air and allows for rapid delivery of cool air from the bottom to the surface of the heating element. This, in turn, carries heat upwards out of the heat dissipation space, creating a complete bottom-in, top-out positive airflow channel throughout the entire space. This aligns with the most commonly used heat dissipation design logic in engineering: bottom air intake and top heat exhaust. The low-temperature area at the bottom of the heating element is the first to come into contact with fresh cool air, resulting in a larger heat exchange temperature difference, faster local cooling, and higher overall airflow efficiency. In actual operation, the first fan 43 will always remain in a fixed position. The second fan 44 will remain relatively fixed to the sliding mounting plate 33. The third fan 45 and the fourth fan 46 will fill the gap between the first fan 43 and the second fan 44 after the sliding mounting plate 33 moves, thereby ensuring the efficiency of airflow under the adjustable heat dissipation component 34. At the same time, the setting of the upper limiters of the first fan 43 and the second fan 44 can prevent gaps from forming between the first fan 43 and the third fan 45, and between the second fan 44 and the fourth fan 46 in case of accidents, which would cause airflow gaps under the adjustable heat dissipation component 34 and affect the heat dissipation effect of the heat sink 341 in some positions.

[0020] Furthermore, a high-friction material is added to the connection between the third fan 45 and the sliding track 42; In a preferred embodiment, a high-friction material is added to the connection between the third fan 45 and the sliding track 42, which makes the force required for the third fan 45 to slide higher than the force required for the fourth fan 46 to slide. This ensures that when the third fan 45 slides, the fourth fan 46 has already slid to its limit position, thereby further preventing the wasted airflow of the fans and saving heat dissipation costs.

[0021] Furthermore, the intelligent heat regulation mechanism 5 includes: A hot water tank 51 is fixedly placed on one side of the oil-immersed transformer 1. Multiple heat-conducting copper pipes 52 are arranged on the upper and lower sides of the side wall of the hot water tank 51 near the oil-immersed transformer 1. The heat-conducting copper pipes 52 have a horizontal "U" shape structure. The main body of the heat-conducting copper pipe 52 is located inside the oil-immersed transformer 1, and the ports are all located inside the hot water tank 51. The part located between the hot water tank 51 and the oil-immersed transformer 1 is covered with a heat insulation layer, and a second control valve 53 is also provided in this part. Radiator 54 is fixedly mounted on the side of the insulated water tank 51 away from the oil-immersed transformer 1; A stirrer 55 is installed inside the insulated water tank 51, and a drive motor is installed at its upper end; Heater 56 is fixedly installed at the upper end of the insulated water tank 51; As a preferred embodiment, in a conventional natural convection heat dissipation scenario, water dissipates heat significantly faster than insulating oil. Therefore, an insulated water tank 51 is added, which can absorb some heat and then dissipate it normally through the radiator 54. This improves heat dissipation efficiency without consuming additional energy. Because the thermal conductivity of water is only about 0.6 W / (m·K), its heat conduction efficiency is extremely low in a static state, easily forming obvious temperature stratification. The heat transfer between the high-temperature zone and the low-temperature zone is blocked by the low thermal resistance region of the laminar flow layer. Therefore, the addition of a stirrer 55 can agitate the water flow to directly disrupt the laminar boundary layer of the static water body, causing strong mixing and disturbance of fluid particles. The heat transfer that originally relied on pure heat conduction is transformed into a heat convection mode with tens of times higher efficiency. At the same time, the insulated water tank 51 absorbs and stores heat. When the oil-immersed transformer 1 needs heat, it is conducted to the inside of the oil-immersed transformer 1 through the heat-conducting copper pipe 52. When the insulated water tank 51 needs to store heat, as the temperature inside the insulated water tank 51 gradually rises, the second control valve 53 of the heat-conducting copper pipe 52 will be closed sequentially from bottom to top (because the temperature of the insulating oil inside the oil-immersed transformer 1 is higher at higher elevations, so more heat can be stored). When the insulated water tank 51 releases heat, as the temperature of the inner wall of the oil-immersed transformer 1 rises, the second control valve 53 of the heat-conducting copper pipe 52 needs to be closed sequentially from top to bottom (because the temperature of the insulating oil inside the oil-immersed transformer 1 is higher at higher elevations, so more heat can be released). In actual operation, if the heat stored in the insulated water tank 51 is insufficient, it can be further heated by the heater 56 to ensure the normal operation of the oil-immersed transformer.

[0022] Furthermore, the insulated water tank 51 is externally connected to a circulating water supply mechanism; As a preferred embodiment, the external circulating water supply mechanism can draw a large amount of water for circulating water cooling when the entire heat dissipation system cannot guarantee the heat dissipation requirements of the oil-immersed transformer 1.

[0023] A smart heat dissipation method for transformers used in areas with large temperature differences includes the following steps: S1. In the initial state, all the first control valves 346 and the second control valves 53 are closed. At this time, the heat generation and heat dissipation of the oil-immersed transformer 1 can be basically balanced, and the oil-immersed transformer 1 maintains a stable working state. S2. As the ambient temperature rises, the heat generated by the oil-immersed transformer 1 gradually exceeds the heat dissipation. At this time, all the first control valves 346 are opened in stages according to the heat generation efficiency, and auxiliary heat dissipation is carried out through the heat dissipation mechanism. This process is the first heat dissipation mode. S3. When all the first control valves 346 are open and the heat generation is still greater than the heat dissipation, the second control valve 53 can be gradually opened so that the intelligent heating mechanism 5 can perform auxiliary heat dissipation and drive the stirrer 55 to rotate to improve the heat dissipation efficiency. This is the second heat dissipation mode. S4. When all the first control valves 346 and the second control valves 53 are in the open state, and the heat generation is still greater than the heat dissipation, the first fan 43 and the second fan 44 of the heat dissipation mechanism 3 are turned on. The oil-immersed transformer 1 can be kept in a relatively stable state by adjusting the speed of the first fan 43 and the second fan 44. This process is the third heat dissipation mode. S5. When the first fan 43 and the second fan 44 fail to balance heat generation and heat dissipation, the hydraulic system 36 is activated, which adjusts the distance between the heat sinks 341 on the heat dissipation mechanism 3 through the hydraulic actuator 35, thereby accelerating heat dissipation. At the same time, the third fan 45 and the fourth fan 46 on the air supply mechanism 4 can be gradually activated to accelerate heat dissipation efficiency. This process is the fourth heat dissipation mode. S6. When the above processes fail to balance heat generation and heat dissipation, the circulating water cooling heat dissipation is directly carried out through the circulating water supply mechanism connected to the insulated water tank 51. S7. As the external temperature decreases, each mechanism gradually closes while ensuring a balance between heat generation and heat dissipation. It is worth noting that when the intelligent heating mechanism 5 closes, it will start from the second control valve 53 at the bottom and gradually close upwards. S8. Until the initial state is returned; S9. As the external temperature decreases, if the heat generated inside the oil-immersed transformer 1 is less than the external temperature, its internal temperature will gradually decrease. At this time, the second control valve 53 can be opened from top to bottom to transfer the heat stored inside to the entire oil-immersed transformer 1 through the heat-conducting copper pipe 52. S10. When the heat stored in the intelligent heating mechanism 5 is insufficient to support the smooth operation of the oil-immersed transformer 1, the heater 56 is activated to provide heat to ensure operation. S11. Until heat generation and heat dissipation can reach a balance, first turn off the heater 56, and then gradually close the second control valve 53 from bottom to top. S12. Repeat the above steps.

[0024] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any equivalent substitutions or modifications made by those skilled in the art within the scope of the technology disclosed in the present invention, based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A smart heat dissipation device for transformers used in areas with large temperature differences, comprising: An oil-immersed transformer (1) and an oil conservator (2) disposed on the oil-immersed transformer (1) are characterized in that a heat dissipation mechanism (3) is provided on both opposite sides of the oil-immersed transformer (1), the two heat dissipation mechanisms (3) are mirror images of each other, and an air supply mechanism (4) is provided at the bottom of each heat dissipation mechanism (3). The intelligent heat regulation mechanism (5) is partly placed inside the oil-immersed transformer (1) and partly set on a vertical side between the two heat dissipation mechanisms (3) of the oil-immersed transformer (1); The heat dissipation mechanism (3) includes a fixed support frame (31), which is fixedly mounted on a vertical side of the oil-immersed transformer (1). A fixed mounting plate (32) is fixedly mounted on the inner wall of one end of the fixed support frame (31). An adjustable heat dissipation component (36) is fixedly mounted on the other end of the fixed mounting plate (32). The other end of the adjustable heat dissipation component (36) is fixedly mounted on a sliding mounting plate (33). The sliding mounting plate (33) is vertically slidably mounted inside the fixed support frame (31). A hydraulic actuator (35) is fixedly mounted between the fixed mounting plate (32) and the sliding mounting plate (33). The hydraulic actuator (35) is connected to a hydraulic system (36), which is fixedly mounted on the fixed support frame (31). The oil pump (37) is connected at one end to the adjustable heat dissipation component (34) and at the other end to the lower inner side of the oil-immersed transformer (1).

2. The intelligent heat dissipation device for transformers used in areas with large temperature differences according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adjustable heat dissipation component (34) includes heat sinks (341), and multiple sets of heat sinks (341) are arranged. The heat sinks (341) at both ends are fixedly mounted on the fixed mounting plate (32) and the sliding mounting plate (33), respectively. Adjacent heat sinks (341) are connected by sliding connecting posts (342), and the sliding connecting posts (342) of two adjacent heat sinks (341) of the same heat sink (341) are staggered. The heat sink (341) is a hollow flat component made of aluminum alloy with strong heat dissipation. It has an oil inlet and an oil outlet at its upper and lower ends, respectively. The oil inlet is connected to the oil-immersed transformer (1) through a flexible oil pipe (345), and the lower oil outlet is connected to the cooling return pipe (344) through another flexible oil pipe (345). The cooling return pipe (344) is connected to the oil pump (37).

3. The intelligent heat dissipation device for transformers used in areas with large temperature differences according to claim 2, characterized in that: A first control valve (346) is provided between the flexible oil pipe (345) connected to the oil inlet of the heat sink (341) and the oil-immersed transformer (1).

4. The intelligent heat dissipation device for transformers used in areas with large temperature differences according to claim 3, characterized in that: include: Furthermore, an adjusting spring is fitted on the sliding connecting post (342) between two adjacent heat sinks (341), and a telescopic dustproof tube (343) is fitted on the outside of the adjusting spring.

5. The intelligent heat dissipation device for transformers used in areas with large temperature differences according to claim 1, characterized in that: Includes a fixed ring frame (41), which is horizontally fixed to the bottom of the heat dissipation mechanism (3). The fixed ring frame (41) has two horizontal sliding rails (42) arranged on its inner side. A first fan (43) and a second fan (44) are arranged on the upper sliding rail (42). The first fan (43) and the second fan (44) are respectively fixed to the fixed mounting plate (32) and the sliding mounting plate (33). A third fan (45) and a fourth fan (46) are provided on the sliding track (42) at the lower end. The third fan (45) and the fourth fan (46) are fixed to each other, and the first fan (43) and the second fan (44) are respectively provided with limiters to restrict the position of the third fan (45) and the fourth fan (46).

6. The intelligent heat dissipation device for transformers used in areas with large temperature differences according to claim 5, characterized in that: A high-friction material is added to the connection between the third fan (45) and the sliding track (42).

7. The intelligent heat dissipation device for transformers used in areas with large temperature differences according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intelligent heat regulation mechanism (5) includes: A hot water tank (51) is fixedly placed on one side of an oil-immersed transformer (1). Multiple heat-conducting copper pipes (52) are arranged on the upper and lower sides of the side wall of the hot water tank (51) near the oil-immersed transformer (1). The heat-conducting copper pipes (52) have a horizontal "U" shape structure. The main body of the heat-conducting copper pipes (52) is set inside the oil-immersed transformer (1), and the ports are all set inside the hot water tank (51). The part between the hot water tank (51) and the oil-immersed transformer (1) is covered with a heat insulation layer, and a second control valve (53) is also set in this part. The radiator (54) is fixedly mounted on the side of the insulated water tank (51) away from the oil-immersed transformer (1); A stirrer (55) is installed inside the insulated water tank (51), and a drive motor is installed at its upper end; The heater (56) is fixedly installed at the upper end of the insulated water tank (51).

8. The intelligent heat dissipation device for transformers used in areas with large temperature differences according to claim 7, characterized in that: The insulated water tank (51) is externally connected to a circulating water supply mechanism.

9. A method for intelligent heat dissipation of transformers in areas with large temperature differences, comprising using the intelligent heat dissipation device for transformers in areas with large temperature differences as described in any one of claims 1-8, characterized in that: Includes the following steps: S1. In the initial state, all the first control valves (346) and the second control valves (53) are closed. At this time, the heat generation and heat dissipation of the oil-immersed transformer (1) can be basically equal, and the oil-immersed transformer (1) maintains a stable working state. S2. As the ambient temperature rises, the heat generated by the oil-immersed transformer (1) gradually exceeds the heat dissipation. At this time, all the first control valves (346) are opened gradually according to the heat generation efficiency, and auxiliary heat dissipation is carried out through the heat dissipation mechanism. This process is the first heat dissipation mode. S3. When all the first control valves (346) are open and the heat generation is still greater than the heat dissipation, the second control valve (53) can be opened gradually so that the intelligent heating mechanism (5) can perform auxiliary heat dissipation and drive the stirrer (55) to rotate to improve the heat dissipation efficiency. This is the second heat dissipation mode. S4. When all the first control valves (346) and the second control valves (53) are in the open state, and the heat generation is still greater than the heat dissipation, the first fan (43) and the second fan (44) of the heat dissipation mechanism (3) are turned on. The oil-immersed transformer (1) can be kept in a relatively stable state by adjusting the speed of the first fan (43) and the second fan (44). This process is the third heat dissipation mode. S5. When the first fan (43) and the second fan (44) fail to balance heat generation and heat dissipation, the hydraulic system (36) is activated, which adjusts the distance between the heat sinks (341) on the heat dissipation mechanism (3) through the hydraulic actuator (35), thereby accelerating heat dissipation. At the same time, the third fan (45) and the fourth fan (46) on the air supply mechanism (4) can be gradually activated to improve heat dissipation efficiency. This process is the fourth heat dissipation mode. S6. When the above processes fail to balance heat generation and heat dissipation, the circulating water cooling heat dissipation is directly carried out through the circulating water supply mechanism connected to the insulated water tank (51). S7. As the external temperature decreases, each mechanism gradually closes while ensuring a balance between heat generation and heat dissipation. It is worth noting that when the intelligent heating mechanism (5) closes, it will start from the second control valve (53) at the bottom and gradually close upwards. S8. Until the initial state is returned; S9. As the external temperature decreases, if the heat generated inside the oil-immersed transformer (1) is less than the external temperature, its internal temperature will gradually decrease. At this time, the second control valve (53) can be opened from top to bottom to transfer the heat stored inside to the entire oil-immersed transformer (1) through the heat-conducting copper pipe (52). S10. When the heat stored in the intelligent heating mechanism (5) is insufficient to support the smooth operation of the oil-immersed transformer (1), the heater (56) is started to provide heat to ensure operation. S11. Until heat generation and heat dissipation can reach a balance, first turn off the heater (56), and then gradually close the second control valve (53) from bottom to top. S12. Repeat the above steps.

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