Locking device for front Pilon fracture

Abstract

The utility model relates to a locking device aiming at anterior Pilon fracture, which is applied to tibia distal end intra-articular fracture and comprises a locking steel plate, the locking steel plate is used for being attached to the tibia distal end anterior side and comprises a first locking part and a second locking part, a plurality of proximal end common holes are sequentially formed in the first locking part in the length direction, and a plurality of proximal end common holes are formed in the second locking part in the length direction. The second locking part is provided with a far-end directional locking hole and a plurality of far-end universal locking holes, the far-end directional locking hole and the far-end universal locking holes are sequentially formed in the length direction of the second locking part, and the angles of the far-end universal locking holes can be adjusted from the center point to the periphery in the direction, away from the malleolus medialis, of the second locking part. By arranging the angle-adjustable far-end universal locking hole, the positioning accuracy of the locking steel plate in the operation process is improved, the operation time is shortened, injuries in the operation process are reduced, the risk of infection of complications in the later period is reduced, the rehabilitation speed of a patient is increased, and the treatment effect of the patient is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the field of medical devices, and particularly relates to a locking device for anterior Pilon fractures. Background Art

[0002] As an important joint of the human lower limb, the ankle joint plays a crucial role in maintaining body balance, supporting body weight, and performing various movements. Among them, there is a very close relationship between Pilon fractures and the ankle joint. Pilon fracture is a special type of ankle fracture in orthopedic trauma diseases. Its incidence is often closely related to high-energy and high-violence injury events, such as traffic accidents, falls from heights, etc. The incidence of this type of fracture in tibial fractures is about 3% - 10%, and it accounts for about 1% in lower limb fractures. Pilon fracture refers to an intra-articular burst fracture of the distal tibia caused by axial stress. As a type of Pilon fracture, anterior Pilon fracture is mainly characterized by varying degrees of compression fractures of the anterior articular surface of the distal tibia. The injury mechanism of anterior Pilon fracture is that when the distal tibia is subjected to vertical violence instantaneously, the foot is mainly in the dorsiflexion position, or accompanied by mild varus or valgus position. The relatively fixed and hard talus in the ankle mortise impacts the anterior articular surface of the distal tibia, causing the articular surface to compress and collapse, while the posterior articular surface remains intact. Some scholars have proposed that Pilon fractures with compression and collapse of the anterior articular surface have a worse prognosis.

[0003] Currently, the surgical treatment plan for anterior Pilon fractures is mainly selected based on the fracture type and displacement. However, there is currently a lack of an anatomical plate specifically applied to the anterior side of the distal tibia in clinical practice. This situation leads to low positioning accuracy of the anatomical plate for the fracture position during the operation, thereby affecting the accuracy and efficiency of the operation, prolonging the operation time, increasing the injury during the operation, resulting in a high incidence of postoperative complications, and delaying the rehabilitation process of patients. Summary of the Utility Model

[0004] The technical problem to be solved by the utility model is the problem that in the prior art, the positioning accuracy of the anatomical plate for the fracture position is low, which affects the accuracy and efficiency of the operation, prolongs the operation time, causes large injuries during the operation, leads to a high incidence of postoperative complications, and delays the rehabilitation process of patients.

[0005] To solve the problems existing in the prior art, the present application provides a locking device for anterior Pilon fractures. The locking device is applied to intra-articular fractures of the distal tibia. The locking device includes a locking plate, which is used to fit the anterior side of the distal tibia. The locking plate is configured in a T-shaped structure that matches the shape of the distal tibia. The locking plate includes a first locking portion and a second locking portion. The width of the first locking portion is smaller than the width of the second locking portion. A plurality of proximal ordinary holes are formed in the first locking portion, and the plurality of proximal ordinary holes are arranged in sequence along the length direction of the first locking portion. A distal directional locking hole and a plurality of distal universal locking holes are formed in the second locking portion, and the distal directional locking hole and the plurality of distal universal locking holes are arranged in sequence along the length direction of the second locking portion. Among them, the length direction of the first locking portion is the vertical portion of the T-shaped structure, and the length direction of the second locking portion is the horizontal portion of the T-shaped structure; the distal universal locking hole can adjust the angle from the center point to the periphery in the direction away from the medial malleolus on the second locking portion.

[0006] In some embodiments: The locking device further includes screws. The screws include ordinary screws, directional locking screws, and universal locking screws. The ordinary screws are used to fit the proximal ordinary holes, the directional locking screws are used to fit the distal directional locking holes, and the universal locking screws are used to fit the distal universal locking holes. After the screws pass through the respective screw holes, the locking plate is fixed on the anterior bone surface of the distal tibia.

[0007] In some embodiments: The proximal ordinary holes are configured as internal thread structures, and the diameters of the distal universal locking holes and the distal directional locking holes are both smaller than the diameter of the proximal ordinary holes.

[0008] In some embodiments, the ordinary screws are configured as threaded cortical bone screws, and the external threads of the ordinary screws are adapted to the internal threads of the proximal ordinary holes. The directional locking screws and the universal locking screws are self-locking screws.

[0009] In some embodiments, the adjustable angle range of the distal universal locking hole in the front and back directions is 0° to 30°.

[0010] In some embodiments, an operation hole for providing a bone graft operation space is provided on the second locking portion, and the operation hole is provided between the proximal ordinary holes and the distal universal locking holes.

[0011] In some embodiments, the second locking portion includes a base portion and a bending portion connected to the base portion. The bending portion is bent from the connecting line, and the distal directional locking hole and the distal universal locking hole are provided on the connecting line.

[0012] In some embodiments, the first locking portion and the second locking portion are twisted at a target angle.

[0013] The present invention includes but is not limited to the following beneficial effects: (1) The locking plate of the present application can fit the front side of the distal end of the tibia, thereby improving the accuracy of fitting the locking plate to the fracture position; (2) The distal universal locking hole on the second locking portion allows the angle to be adjusted from the center point to the periphery, thereby increasing the flexibility of the locking plate and enabling it to adapt to the anatomical differences of different patients; (3) The design of the distal directional locking hole can more accurately control the direction of the locking screw, thereby improving the accuracy of fracture reduction; (4) In the present application, since the locking plate can fit the front side of the distal end of the tibia, it provides better anatomical adaptability and the eye segment universal locking hole is adjustable, thereby achieving multi-angle locking capability, which can reduce the time for adjustment and positioning during surgery, shorten the operation time, reduce injuries during surgery, and reduce the risk of late infection and The risk of complications is reduced, and the patient's recovery speed and treatment effect are improved; (5) Different types of screws are used in conjunction with corresponding holes to provide a more stable fixation effect, reduce micro-movement of the fracture site, and improve the patient's postoperative comfort. In addition, the design of different types of holes provides adaptability to different fixation requirements; (6) In the present application, ordinary screws are constructed as threaded cortical bone screws, which can provide stronger fixing force; (7) Directional locking screws and universal locking screws are self-locking screws, which can prevent the screws from loosening when subjected to vibration or impact, thereby improving fixation stability; (8) The base and bending portion design of the second locking portion provide additional structural support, enhance the overall stability of the locking device, and the design of the bending portion helps to more reasonably distribute the mechanical load at the fracture site and reduce stress concentration. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0014] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art are briefly introduced below.

[0015] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of a locking device of an embodiment of the utility model at an angle;

[0016] Figure 2 is a schematic diagram of a locking device of an embodiment of the utility model from another angle;

[0017] Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of a locking device of an embodiment of the utility model from another angle;

[0018] In the figure, 1 is a locking plate, 2 is a screw, 21 is a universal locking screw, 22 is a directional locking screw, 23 is a common screw, 3 is a first locking part, 4 is a second locking part, 5 is a screw hole, 51 is a distal universal locking hole, 52 is a distal directional locking hole, 53 is a proximal common hole, and 6 is an operation hole. Specific implementation mode

[0019] Next, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art without creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

[0020] To solve the problems existing in the prior art, the present application provides a locking device for anterior Pilon fractures, as Figures 1 to 3 shown, the locking device includes a locking plate 1, the locking plate 1 is used to fit the anterior side of the distal tibia, the locking plate 1 is arranged in a T-shaped structure matching the shape of the distal tibia, the locking plate 1 includes a first locking part 3 and a second locking part 4, the width of the first locking part 3 is less than the width of the second locking part 4, a plurality of proximal common holes 53 are formed in the first locking part 3, and the plurality of proximal locking holes 53 are arranged in sequence along the length direction of the first locking part 3. A distal directional locking hole 52 and a plurality of distal universal locking holes 51 are formed in the second locking part 4, and the distal directional locking hole 52 and the plurality of distal universal locking holes 51 are arranged in sequence along the length direction of the second locking part 4. Among them, the length direction of the first locking part 3 is the vertical part of the T-shaped structure, and the length direction of the second locking part 4 is the horizontal part of the T-shaped structure. The distal universal locking hole 51 can be adjusted in angle from the center point to the periphery on the second locking part 4 in the direction away from the medial malleolus.

[0021] In the above embodiments of the present application, the locking plate can fit the anterior side of the distal tibia, improving the fitting accuracy between the locking plate and the fracture position; the design of the distal directional locking hole can more precisely control the direction of the locking screw, improving the accuracy of fracture reduction. Importantly, since the locking plate can fit the anterior side of the distal tibia, it provides better anatomical adaptability and the eye segment universal locking hole is adjustable, realizing multi-angle locking ability, which can reduce the time for adjustment and positioning during the operation, shorten the operation time, reduce the injury during the operation process, reduce the risk of postoperative infection complications, and improve the rehabilitation speed and treatment effect of the patient.

[0022] In one embodiment, the locking device includes eight screw holes 5 on the locking plate 1 and eight screws 2 adapted to the eight screw holes 5. Specifically, the eight screw holes 5 are respectively three proximal ordinary holes 53 on the first locking portion 3, one distal directional locking hole 52 on the second locking portion, and four distal universal locking holes 51 on the second locking portion 4; wherein, the diameters of both the distal directional locking hole 52 and the distal universal locking hole 51 are smaller than the diameter of the proximal ordinary hole 53. Further, the proximal ordinary hole 53 is used in cooperation with the ordinary screw 23 to fix the locking plate 1 in the middle in front of the distal tibia to press the fracture fragment. The ordinary screw 23 can be a threaded cortical bone screw. When in use, the ordinary screw 23 is threadedly fixed with the proximal ordinary hole 53 to fix the locking plate 1 on the bone surface in front of the distal tibia. The diameter range of the ordinary screw 23 can be 3.4 mm to 3.7 mm, preferably 3.5 mm. The distal directional locking hole 52 is used in cooperation with the directional locking screw 22 to further improve the stability of the locking plate 1 on the fracture fragment and provide better anti-pull-out force. The center point of the distal universal locking hole 51 can be adjusted by an angle of 0° to 15° around, and a total angle adjustment range of 0° to 30° can be provided before and after. The distal universal locking hole 51 is used in cooperation with the universal locking screw 21. According to the different positions of the fracture fragment, the fixing direction of the universal locking screw 21 is adjusted to achieve precise fixation. The directional locking screw 22 and the universal locking screw 21 can be self-tapping screws. The diameter range of the locking screw is 2.6 mm to 2.8 mm, preferably 2.7 mm.

[0023] In the above embodiments of this application, different types of screws are used in cooperation with the corresponding holes, which can provide a more stable fixing effect, reduce the micro-movement of the fracture site, and improve the comfort of the patient after surgery. Moreover, the design of different types of holes provides adaptability for different fixing requirements; further, the ordinary screw is configured as a threaded cortical bone screw, which can provide stronger fixing force; further, the directional locking screw and the universal locking screw are self-locking screws, which can prevent the screws from loosening when subjected to vibration or impact and improve the fixing stability; by setting the angle adjustment of the distal universal locking hole, the flexibility of the locking plate is increased, enabling it to adapt to the anatomical differences of different patients. Further, since the injury mechanism of the anterior pilon fracture is that the talus impacts the anterior articular surface of the distal tibia, it often causes compression and collapse of the articular surface. Therefore, bone grafting is often required during the operation to restore the normal anatomical structure of the distal tibial articular surface.

[0024] Further, an operation hole 6 for providing a bone grafting operation space is arranged in the middle of the second locking portion 4 to facilitate sufficient bone grafting.

[0025] During the operation, through the anterior approach of the distal tibia, the neurovascular and other surrounding soft tissues are well protected to avoid damage leading to postoperative complications. The joint capsule is incised and gradually dissected until the fracture ends are exposed. The fracture fragments are repositioned and the normal anatomical structure of the bone is restored. After the fracture fragments are restored and reduced, the locking plate 1 is placed at the fracture site using a plate holder, and the locking plate 1 is clamped by the plate holder. At the proximal bone surface corresponding to the proximal ordinary hole 53 of the first locking portion 3, an ordinary screw 23 is inserted. The locking plate 1 is fixed to the bone surface through the threaded connection of the proximal ordinary hole 53 and the ordinary screw 23. Then, at the bone surface corresponding to the distal orientation locking hole 52, a hole is drilled, the depth is measured, and an orientation locking screw 22 is inserted to further improve the fixing stability and anti-pull-out force between the locking plate 1 and the bone surface. After that, at the bone surface corresponding to the distal universal locking hole 51, a hole is drilled, the depth is measured, and according to the different directions of the fracture fragments, the direction of the universal locking screw 21 is adjusted, and the universal locking screw 21 is fixed. If there is a compressed and collapsed part of the articular surface, sufficient bone grafting should be carried out.

[0026] Further, the second locking portion 4 includes a base portion 41 and a bent portion 42 connected to the base portion 41. The bent portion 42 is bent from the connection line, and the distal orientation locking hole 52 and the distal universal locking hole 51 are provided on the connection line. In one example, a torsional target angle is provided between the first locking portion 3 and the second locking portion 4. It can be understood that the design of the base portion and the bent portion of the second locking portion provides additional structural support, enhances the overall stability of the locking device, and the design of the bent portion helps to more reasonably distribute the mechanical load at the fracture site and reduce stress concentration.

[0027] Further, in one embodiment, a bent groove is formed between the base portion 41 and the bent portion 42, and the bent groove matches the convex portion of the distal tibial joint, improving the fitting effect between the locking plate 1 and the fracture position.

[0028] A locking device for anterior Pilon fractures of the present utility model is specifically used for fractures occurring in the anterior column of the distal tibia. According to the different positions of the fracture fragments, corresponding angle adjustment can be performed, realizing precise fixation during the operation, facilitating minimally invasive operation during the operation, shortening the operation time, reducing the injury during the operation, reducing the risk of late infection complications, and improving the rehabilitation speed and treatment effect of patients. The above is only the preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present utility model shall be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

[0029] The foregoing has shown and described the basic principles, main features and advantages of the present utility model. Those skilled in the art should understand that the present utility model is not limited by the above embodiments, and what is described in the above embodiments and the specification is only to illustrate the principle of the present utility model. Without departing from the spirit and scope of the present utility model, the present utility model will have various changes and improvements, and all these changes and improvements fall within the scope of the present utility model claimed.

Claims

1. A locking device for anterior Pilon fracture, characterized in that: The locking device is applied to distal tibia intra-articular fractures, the locking device comprises a locking steel plate (1), the locking steel plate (1) is used to fit the front side of the distal tibia, the locking steel plate (1) is arranged in a T-shaped structure matching the shape of the distal tibia, the locking steel plate (1) comprises a first locking portion (3) and a second locking portion (4), the width of the first locking portion (3) is smaller than the width of the second locking portion (4), the first locking portion (3) is provided with a plurality of proximal common holes (53), the plurality of proximal common holes (53) are arranged along the length direction of the first locking portion (3) in a manner similar to that of the first locking portion (3). The second locking portion (4) is provided with a distal directional locking hole (52) and a plurality of distal universal locking holes (51), and the distal directional locking hole (52) and the plurality of distal universal locking holes (51) are sequentially arranged along the length direction of the second locking portion (4), wherein the length direction of the first locking portion (3) is the vertical portion of the T-shaped structure, and the length direction of the second locking portion (4) is the transverse portion of the T-shaped structure; the distal universal locking hole (51) can be adjusted in angle from a center point to a periphery in a direction away from the medial malleolus on the second locking portion (4).

2. The locking device for anterior Pilon fracture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking device also includes a screw (2), which includes a common screw (23), a directional locking screw (22) and a universal locking screw (21). The common screw (23) is used to match the proximal common hole (53), the directional locking screw (22) is used to match the distal directional locking hole (52), and the universal locking screw (21) is used to match the distal universal locking hole (51). After the screw (2) passes through each screw hole, the locking steel plate (1) is fixed to the anterior bone surface of the distal tibia.

3. The locking device for anterior Pilon fracture according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The proximal common hole (53) is constructed as an internal thread structure, and the diameter of the distal universal locking hole (51) and the diameter of the distal directional locking hole (52) are both smaller than the diameter of the proximal common hole (53).

4. The locking device for anterior Pilon fracture according to claim 2, characterized in that: The common screw (23) is constructed as a cortical bone screw with threads, the external thread of the common screw (23) is adapted to the internal thread of the proximal common hole (53), and the directional locking screw (22) and the universal locking screw (21) are self-locking screws.

5. The locking device for anterior Pilon fracture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The distal universal locking hole (51) can be adjusted in an angle range of 0° to 30°.

6. The locking device for anterior Pilon fracture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second locking portion (4) is provided with an operation hole (6) which can provide a bone grafting operation space, and the operation hole (6) is arranged between the proximal common hole (53) and the distal universal locking hole (51).

7. The locking device for anterior Pilon fracture according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second locking portion (4) comprises a base portion (41) and a bent portion (42) connected to the base portion (41), the bent portion (42) being bent from a connecting line, and the distal directional locking hole (52) and the distal universal locking hole (51) being arranged on the connecting line.

8. The locking device for anterior Pilon fracture according to claim 1 or 7, characterized in that: The first locking portion (3) and the second locking portion (4) are twisted to a target angle.

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