Horizontal shaft lift-drag combined wind driven generator
By introducing lift blades and rose blade structures into horizontal axis wind turbines and utilizing ratchet structures to achieve rapid start-up and efficient power generation at low wind speeds, the problem of difficult start-up of horizontal axis wind turbines at low wind speeds has been solved, and power generation efficiency has been improved.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202422396547.X
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Utility models(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-09-29
- Publication Date
- 2025-08-01
- Estimated Expiration
- 2034-09-29
AI Technical Summary
Existing horizontal axis wind turbines have difficulty starting quickly at low wind speeds and have low power generation efficiency.
Design a horizontal axis lift-drag combined wind turbine generator, which adopts a lift blade and rose blade structure, connected by a ratchet structure. The rose blade structure acts as a drag blade, driving the shaft and lift blade to rotate rapidly during start-up. Combined with the rotating structure and directional tail fin, it can achieve real-time wind chasing.
It achieves rapid start-up and efficient power generation at low wind speeds, has higher wind energy conversion efficiency, and is suitable for low wind speed wind power generation scenarios in rural households.
Smart Images
Figure CN223177664U_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of wind turbines, and particularly relates to a horizontal-axis lift-drag combined wind turbine. Background Art
[0002] Wind turbines are divided into two types: horizontal-axis and vertical-axis. Among them, horizontal-axis wind turbines can effectively utilize wind energy and improve power generation efficiency, and their power generation efficiency is usually about 10% higher than that of vertical-axis wind turbines.
[0003] The blades of wind turbines are divided into lift-type and drag-type structures. Among them, lift-type blades rely on aerodynamic lift to rotate the blades. The tip speed ratio of lift-type blades is not limited. The tip speed ratio of lift-type blades is high, the blade rotation speed is fast, and it can directly rotate coaxially with the motor, which can reduce the loss during the kinetic energy transmission process. The higher the tip speed ratio, the higher the wind energy conversion efficiency of the wind turbine. Due to the action of lift, the circumferential speed of the wind wheel can reach several times or even more than ten times the wind speed. Therefore, lift-type blades are mostly used in wind turbines.
[0004] In contrast, drag-type blades rely on the direct blowing pressure of the wind on the blades. Specifically, the pressure on the blade moving with the wind is greater than the wind resistance on the blade against the wind. The pressure difference is used to drive the impeller to rotate and output power. To obtain power output, the tip speed of the blade cannot be much faster than the wind speed. Otherwise, the blade is equivalent to avoiding the wind. Therefore, drag-type blades are preferably operated under the condition that the tip speed ratio is close to 1. The rotation speed of drag-type blade wind turbines is not high, but the output torque is very large, and it can get rid of the static state faster when starting, realizing rapid start.
[0005] In the prior art, the lift-drag combined wind turbine is mainly a vertical-axis wind turbine. By using the horizontal wind force to overcome the resistance of the blades, the vertical-axis rotor is driven to rotate to generate electric energy. It has the characteristics of low starting wind speed, adapting to variable wind speeds, and high energy conversion efficiency, and can be applied to most rural household low-wind-speed wind power generation scenarios. However, the power generation efficiency of vertical-axis wind turbines is lower than that of horizontal-axis wind turbines, and the blades of horizontal-axis wind turbines are usually relatively small. Without significantly increasing the blade size, there is a problem that it is difficult to start quickly at low wind speeds. Therefore, it is necessary to improve the design of horizontal-axis lift-drag combined wind turbines. Summary of the Utility Model
[0006] Aiming at the deficiencies existing in the prior art, the purpose of the utility model is to provide a horizontal-axis lift-drag combined wind turbine, which can realize rapid start at low wind speeds and has good performance with high power generation efficiency.
[0007] To solve the above technical problems, the present utility model provides a horizontal-axis lift-drag combined wind turbine, comprising: a bracket; a rotating shaft, which is horizontally arranged on the bracket and rotatably connected to the bracket at both ends; a lift blade structure, which is fixed to the rotating shaft; a rose fan blade structure, which is sleeved on the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft, the lift blade structure and the rose fan blade structure are arranged on a common central axis; a ratchet structure, the rose fan blade structure is connected to the rotating shaft through the ratchet structure, and the lift blade structure has the same downwind rotation direction as the rose fan blade structure.
[0008] Preferably, in the above solution, the lift blade structure is arranged in front of the rose fan blade structure, and the rotation radius of the lift blade structure is greater than the rotation radius of the rose fan blade structure.
[0009] Preferably, in the above solution, the lift blade structure includes a fixed sleeve and airfoil blades, and a plurality of the airfoil blades are arranged on the fixed sleeve in a circumferential array, and the fixed sleeve is installed on the rotating shaft.
[0010] Preferably, in the above solution, the rose fan blade structure includes a shaft sleeve and arc-shaped fan blades, and a plurality of the arc-shaped fan blades are wound around the shaft sleeve according to an Archimedean spiral, showing a shape that is wider in the middle and narrower at both ends, and the shaft sleeve is connected to the rotating shaft through the ratchet structure.
[0011] Preferably, in the above solution, the ratchet structure is an internal meshing ratchet mechanism, and the internal meshing ratchet mechanisms are respectively arranged at both ends of the shaft sleeve.
[0012] Preferably, in the above solution, it further includes a generator, which is arranged on the bracket behind the rose fan blade structure, and one end of the rotating shaft is connected to the output end of the generator.
[0013] Preferably, in the above solution, it further includes a speed limit safety mechanism, which is arranged on the bracket, and the other end of the rotating shaft is connected to the speed limit safety mechanism.
[0014] Preferably, in the above solution, it further includes a rotating structure, which is horizontally rotatably arranged at the bottom of the bracket.
[0015] Preferably, in the above solution, it further includes a yaw tail fin, which is arranged on the bracket outside the rose fan blade structure.
[0016] Preferably, in the above solution, it further includes a telescopic structure, which is vertically movably arranged at the bottom of the rotating structure.
[0017] Compared with the existing technology, the present utility model has the following beneficial effects:
[0018] 1. A horizontal-axis lift-drag combined wind turbine in the present utility model includes a bracket, a rotating shaft, a lift blade structure, a rose fan blade structure, and a ratchet structure. The rotating shaft is horizontally arranged on the bracket and is rotatably connected to the bracket at both ends. The lift blade structure is fixed on the rotating shaft, and the rose fan blade structure is sleeved on the rotating shaft. The rotating shaft, the lift blade structure, and the rose fan blade structure share the same central axis. The rose fan blade structure is connected to the rotating shaft through the ratchet structure. The downwind rotation directions of the lift blade structure and the rose fan blade structure are the same. The rose fan blade structure is a drag-type blade with a large output torque, which can drive the rotating shaft and the lift blade structure to get rid of the static state faster through the ratchet structure during startup, enabling fast startup at low wind speeds. Moreover, the lift blade structure of the horizontal axis has a higher wind energy conversion efficiency.
[0019] 2. The lift blade structure in the present utility model is arranged in front of the rose fan blade structure. The rose fan blade structure includes a shaft sleeve and rotating fan blades. Multiple rotating fan blades are arranged around the shaft sleeve according to the Archimedes spiral, showing a shape that is wide in the middle and narrow at both ends, so that the rose fan blade structure can obtain a sufficiently large air inlet area.
[0020] 3. The rotating structure in the present utility model is horizontally rotatably arranged at the bottom of the bracket. The yaw tail fin is arranged on the bracket outside the rose fan blade structure. The rotating structure and the yaw tail fin are used in cooperation to enable the front of the rose fan blade structure to be aligned with the incoming wind direction in real time. Description of the Drawings
[0021] Figure 1 It is a first perspective structural schematic diagram of a horizontal-axis lift-drag combined wind turbine of the present utility model.
[0022] Figure 2 It is a second perspective structural schematic diagram of a horizontal-axis lift-drag combined wind turbine of the present utility model.
[0023] Figure 3 It is a third perspective structural schematic diagram of a horizontal-axis lift-drag combined wind turbine of the present utility model.
[0024] Wherein, 1 - bracket, 2 - rotating shaft, 3 - lift blade structure, 31 - fixed sleeve, 32 - airfoil blade, 4 - rose fan blade structure, 41 - shaft sleeve, 42 - arc-shaped fan blade, 5 - ratchet structure, 6 - generator, 7 - speed limit safety mechanism, 8 - rotating structure, 9 - yaw tail fin, 10 - telescopic structure. Detailed Embodiment
[0025] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present utility model in conjunction with the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present utility model. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present utility model, rather than all the embodiments. All other embodiments obtained by those of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present utility model without making creative efforts shall fall within the protection scope of the present utility model.
[0026] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that the orientation or positional relationship indicated by the terms "center", "longitudinal", "transverse", "upper", "lower", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", etc. is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the drawings, and is only for the convenience of describing the present utility model and simplifying the description, rather than indicating or implying that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore cannot be understood as a limitation of the present utility model.
[0027] In the description of the present utility model, the meaning of "a number of" is one or more, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more, and understandings such as "greater than", "less than", "exceeding", etc. do not include the present number, and understandings such as "above", "below", "within", etc. include the present number. If terms such as "first", "second", "third" are described only for the purpose of description and for distinguishing technical features, they cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the quantity of the indicated technical features or implicitly indicating the sequence relationship of the indicated technical features.
[0028] In the description of the present utility model, it should be noted that unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "installed", "connected", "connected", "set" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and it can be the communication inside two elements. For those of ordinary skill in the art, the specific meanings of the above terms in the present utility model can be understood according to specific situations. The following will describe the embodiments according to the overall structure of the present utility model.
[0029] Such as Figure 1 、 Figure 2 And Figure 3As shown in the figure, the utility model discloses a horizontal-axis lift-drag combined wind turbine, which includes a bracket 1, a rotating shaft 2, a lift blade structure 3, a rose fan blade structure 4 and a ratchet structure 5. The rotating shaft 2 is horizontally arranged on the bracket 1 and is rotatably connected to the bracket 1 at both ends. The lift blade structure 3 is fixed on the rotating shaft 2, and the rose fan blade structure 4 is sleeved on the rotating shaft 2. The rotating shaft 2, the lift blade structure 3 and the rose fan blade structure 4 are arranged on the same central axis. The rose fan blade structure 4 is connected to the rotating shaft 2 through the ratchet structure 5, and the downwind rotation directions of the lift blade structure 3 and the rose fan blade structure 4 are the same. It can be understood that in this embodiment, the rotating shaft 2, the lift blade structure 3 and the rose fan blade structure 4 are horizontally arranged on the same central axis. The rose fan blade structure 4 is a drag-type blade with a large output torque. At the start, it can drive the rotating shaft 2 and the lift blade structure 3 to get out of the static state faster through the ratchet structure 5, enabling fast start at low wind speeds. Moreover, the lift blade structure 3 of the horizontal axis has a higher wind energy conversion efficiency.
[0030] In this embodiment, the lift blade structure 3 is arranged in front of the rose fan blade structure 4, and the rotation radius of the lift blade structure 3 is greater than that of the rose fan blade structure 4. Preferably, in this embodiment, the front of the rose fan blade structure 4 is the air inlet end and the rear is the air outlet end. The rotation radius of the lift blade structure 3 is more than twice that of the rose fan blade structure 4. The lift blade structure 3 and the rose fan blade structure 4 can be arranged inside the bracket 1 at the same time, or the rose fan blade structure 4 can be arranged inside the bracket 1 and the lift blade structure 3 can be arranged outside the bracket 1, which can avoid the limitation of the rotation radius of the lift blade structure 3 by the bracket 1.
[0031] The lift blade structure 3 in this embodiment includes a fixed sleeve 31 and airfoil blades 32. Multiple airfoil blades 32 are arranged on the fixed sleeve 31 in a circumferential array, and the fixed sleeve 31 is installed on the rotating shaft 2. Preferably, three airfoil blades 32 are provided in the lift blade structure 3 of this embodiment, and the airfoil blades 32 are set in the shape of a low-drag airfoil with camber, which is more suitable for horizontal-axis wind turbines.
[0032] The rose fan blade structure 4 in this embodiment includes a shaft sleeve 41 and arc-shaped fan blades 42. Multiple arc-shaped fan blades 42 are arranged around the shaft sleeve 41 according to the Archimedes spiral, showing a shape that is wider in the middle and narrower at both ends. The shaft sleeve 41 is connected to the rotating shaft 2 through the ratchet structure 5. Preferably, three arc-shaped fan blades 42 are provided in the rose fan blade structure 4 of this embodiment.
[0033] It should be noted that both the airfoil blades 32 and the arc-shaped fan blades 42 are made of light and strong materials, such as carbon fiber composite materials. This material is both light and has high strength, which helps to reduce weight and improve the durability of the blades.
[0034] The ratchet structure 5 in this embodiment is an internal meshing ratchet mechanism, and the internal meshing ratchet mechanisms are respectively arranged at both ends of the shaft sleeve 41. Specifically, the outer ratchet of the internal meshing ratchet mechanism is fixedly connected to the end of the shaft sleeve 41, and the inner ratchet is fixedly connected to the rotating shaft 2. When the rose fan blade structure 4 starts to rotate, the shaft sleeve 41 rotates synchronously with the outer ratchet, and drives the inner ratchet, the rotating shaft 2 and the lift blade structure 3 to rotate through the pawl.
[0035] This embodiment further includes a generator 6, which is arranged on the bracket 1 behind the rose fan blade structure 4, and one end of the rotating shaft 2 is connected to the output end of the generator 6. Specifically, the outer shell of the generator 6 is fixedly installed on the bracket 1, and the output end of the generator 6 is spline-connected to one end of the rotating shaft 2.
[0036] This embodiment further includes a speed limit safety mechanism 7, which is arranged on the bracket 1, and the other end of the rotating shaft 2 is connected to the speed limit safety mechanism 7. The speed limit safety mechanism 7 is a key component to ensure the safe operation of the wind turbine under extreme wind speed conditions. By limiting the rotation speed of the wind turbine, it prevents the blades and the generator from being damaged due to overload under strong wind conditions, thereby protecting the wind turbine from damage.
[0037] This embodiment further includes a rotating structure 8, which is rotatably arranged horizontally at the bottom of the bracket 1; it also includes a yaw tail fin 9, which is arranged on the bracket 1 outside the rose fan blade structure 4. Specifically, the yaw tail fin 9 is arranged on the bracket 1 at the lower rear of the rose fan blade structure 4, which can avoid the influence of the rose fan blade structure 4 on the yaw tail fin 9. The rotating structure 8 and the yaw tail fin 9 are used in cooperation to enable the front of the rose fan blade structure 4 to be aligned with the incoming wind direction in real time. In addition, the rotating structure 8 includes a turntable and a weighted base, and the weighted base can further enhance the stability of the overall structure during operation.
[0038] This embodiment further includes a telescopic structure 10, which is movably arranged up and down at the bottom of the rotating structure 8. Specifically, the telescopic structure 10 includes a telescopic end and a fixed end. The turntable of the rotating structure 8 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the bracket 1, and the weighted base of the rotating structure 8 is fixedly connected to the telescopic end of the telescopic structure 10. The fixed end of the telescopic structure 10 can be fixedly installed on the ground, the roof and the load-bearing platform through bolts. The telescopic structure 10 is used to adjust the horizontal height of the bracket 1, so that the lift blade structure 3 and the rose fan blade structure 4 can obtain a more suitable windward height.
[0039] It can be understood that the blades of large horizontal-axis wind turbines are larger in size and have a larger windward area compared to the blades of small horizontal-axis wind turbines used in rural households, making them easier to start at low wind speeds. In this embodiment, a horizontal-axis lift-drag combined wind turbine is mainly applied to the low-wind-speed wind power generation scenario in rural households. Due to the limited blade size of the lift blade structure 3 of the horizontal axis, there is a problem that it is difficult to start quickly at low wind speeds when used alone. By setting the rose fan blade structure 4 with drag-type blades, it can get out of the static state faster when starting at low wind speeds. After the rose fan blade structure 4 starts, it drives the rotating shaft 2 and the lift blade structure 3 to rotate through the ratchet structure 5. When the rotation speed of the lift blade structure 3 exceeds the rotation speed of the rose fan blade structure 4, the lift blade structure 3 drives the rotating shaft 2 to rotate rapidly. The high-speed rotating lift blade structure 3 and the low-speed rotating rose fan blade structure 4 do not affect each other, thus having a higher power generation efficiency.
[0040] Therefore, the functions achieved by a horizontal-axis lift-drag combined wind turbine in this embodiment are as follows:
[0041] (1) Low-wind-speed quick start function
[0042] By horizontally arranging the rotating shaft, the lift blade structure, and the rose fan blade structure on the same central axis, the rose fan blade structure with drag-type blades has a large output torque and can drive the rotating shaft and the lift blade structure to get out of the static state faster through the ratchet structure when starting, enabling low-wind-speed quick start.
[0043] (2) High-efficiency power generation function
[0044] By setting the horizontal-axis lift blade structure, multiple airfoil blades of the lift blade structure are arranged on the fixed sleeve in a circumferential array, and the rotation radius of the lift blade structure is greater than the rotation radius of the rose fan blade structure. The tip speed ratio of the lift-type blades is high, the blade rotation speed is fast, and the rotating shaft is directly coaxial with the motor to rotate, enabling a higher wind energy conversion efficiency.
[0045] (3) One-way drive function
[0046] By setting the ratchet structure as an internal meshing ratchet mechanism, the internal meshing ratchet mechanisms are respectively arranged at both ends of the shaft sleeve. The rose fan blade structure and the rotating shaft are connected through the internal meshing ratchet mechanism. The internal meshing ratchet mechanism has a one-way drive function, making the downwind rotation directions of the lift blade structure and the rose fan blade structure the same and not affecting each other after the rotation speed of the lift blade structure is higher than that of the rose fan blade structure.
[0047] (4) Real-time wind chasing function
[0048] By rotatably arranging the rotating structure horizontally at the bottom of the bracket and arranging the steering fin on the bracket outside the rose fan blade structure, and using the rotating structure in cooperation with the steering fin, the front of the rose fan blade structure can be aligned with the air inlet direction in real time.
[0049] The foregoing description of the specific exemplary embodiments of the present invention is for purposes of illustration and exemplification. These descriptions are not intended to limit the present invention to the precise forms disclosed, and it is obvious that many changes and variations are possible in light of the above teaching. The purpose of selecting and describing the exemplary embodiments is to explain the specific principles of the present invention and its practical applications, so that those skilled in the art can implement and utilize various different exemplary embodiments of the present invention, as well as various different selections and changes. The scope of the present invention is intended to be defined by the claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A horizontal-axis wind turbine combining lift and drag, characterized in that, Comprising: A bracket; A rotating shaft, which is horizontally arranged on the bracket and rotatably connected to the bracket at both ends; A lift blade structure, which is fixed on the rotating shaft; A rose fan blade structure, which is sleeved on the rotating shaft, and the rotating shaft, the lift blade structure and the rose fan blade structure are arranged on the same central axis; A ratchet structure, the rose fan blade structure and the rotating shaft are connected through the ratchet structure, and the lift blade structure and the rose fan blade structure have the same downwind rotation direction.
2. The horizontal-axis lift-drag combined wind turbine according to claim 1, wherein, The lift blade structure is arranged in front of the rose fan blade structure, and the rotation radius of the lift blade structure is greater than that of the rose fan blade structure.
3. The horizontal-axis lift-drag combined wind turbine according to claim 2, wherein, The lift blade structure includes a fixed sleeve and airfoil blades, and multiple airfoil blades are arranged on the fixed sleeve in a circumferential array, and the fixed sleeve is installed on the rotating shaft.
4. A horizontal-axis lift-drag combined wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that, The rose fan blade structure includes a shaft sleeve and arc-shaped fan blades, and multiple arc-shaped fan blades are wound around the shaft sleeve according to an Archimedean spiral, showing a shape that is wide in the middle and narrow at both ends, and the shaft sleeve is connected to the rotating shaft through the ratchet structure.
5. The horizontal-axis lift-drag combined wind turbine according to claim 4, wherein The ratchet structure is an internal meshing ratchet mechanism, and the internal meshing ratchet mechanisms are respectively arranged at both ends of the shaft sleeve.
6. The horizontal-axis lift-drag combined wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that, It further includes a generator, which is arranged on the bracket behind the rose fan blade structure, and one end of the rotating shaft is connected to the output end of the generator.
7. The horizontal-axis lift-drag combined wind turbine according to claim 6, wherein, It further includes a speed limit safety mechanism, which is arranged on the bracket, and the other end of the rotating shaft is connected to the speed limit safety mechanism.
8. A horizontal-axis lift-drag combined wind turbine according to claim 1, characterized in that, It further includes a rotating structure, which is horizontally rotatably arranged at the bottom of the bracket.
9. The horizontal-axis lift-drag combined wind turbine according to claim 8, characterized in that, It further includes a steering fin, which is arranged on the bracket outside the rose fan blade structure.
10. A horizontal-axis lift-drag combined wind turbine according to claim 8, characterized in that, It further includes a telescopic structure, which is vertically movably arranged at the bottom of the rotating structure.