Grass planting bag for regreening and repairing mining area

Abstract

The utility model relates to the technical field of mining area restoration, in particular to a grass planting bag for regreening and restoration of a mining area, which comprises at least one grass planting unit, and each grass planting unit comprises a grass planting bag layer, a fiber cotton layer and a breathable soil restoration layer which are sequentially arranged from top to bottom. The grass planting wrapping layer is filled with grass seeds and matrix soil, and the breathable soil restoration layer is filled with ceramsite and soil restoration nutrient organic matter in a staggered mode. According to the grass planting bag for re-greening and repairing the mining area, the grass planting bag layer is filled with the grass seeds and the matrix soil, the fiber cotton layer is arranged in the middle, and the two layers are comprehensively overlaid, so that the grass planting bag has the advantages of heat preservation, moisture preservation, water retention, degradability and high air permeability, the germination and survival rate of the grass seeds can be increased, and the rapid re-greening effect in the arid and semi-arid mining repairing area is achieved; furthermore, ceramsite and soil remediation nutrient organic matters are filled in the breathable soil remediation layer in a staggered manner, so that the remediation of the soil in the mining area can be further realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model relates to the technical field of mining area restoration, in particular to a grass planting bag for greening and restoration of mining areas. Background Art

[0002] In arid and semi-arid mining areas with an annual precipitation of less than 400 mm, the soil is usually composed mainly of yellow clay and red clay. Recently, due to the long-term mining of open-pit coal mines, the problems of exposed ground and poor soil on the slopes in mining areas have become increasingly serious. In the context of increasingly stringent environmental protection requirements, there is an urgent need to carry out ecological restoration of exposed ground and slopes after excavation. Although there are currently restoration solutions based on eco-bags in the existing technology, most of the eco-bags in the existing technology are made of polypropylene PP or polyester PET geotextiles, which have poor biodegradability. As a result, the bags after greening will remain in the soil, causing the soil to harden and compact, hindering the formation of soil organic matter; in addition, in terms of the water retention performance of existing eco-bags, most of them rely only on water-retaining matrix soil or coatings, and the air permeability and water retention of the materials vary, affecting the germination rate of grass seeds in the bags.

[0003] Therefore, there is an urgent need for a mining area greening and restoration grass bag to solve the above problems. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of the utility model is to solve the problem of poor greening effect in the prior art for greening mining areas, and to provide a grass planting bag for greening and repairing mining areas.

[0005] The technical solution of the utility model is as follows:

[0006] A grass bag for greening and repairing a mining area comprises at least one grass unit, wherein the grass unit comprises a grass bag layer, a fiber cotton layer and a breathable soil repair layer arranged in sequence from top to bottom; the interior of the grass bag layer is filled with grass seeds and matrix soil; the breathable soil repair layer is alternately filled with ceramsite and soil repair nutrient organic matter.

[0007] Preferably, the grass planting unit is a regular hexagon, and the grass planting layer of the regular hexagonal grass planting unit is equally divided into six equilateral triangles, and the interior of each of the equilateral triangles is filled with grass seeds and matrix soil.

[0008] Preferably, the grass-planting layer of the regular hexagonal grass-planting unit is divided into six equilateral triangles by tie bars, and one end of the tie bars located in the grass-planting layer is connected to a tie bar ring arranged at the geometric center of the grass-planting layer, and tie bar hooks are provided at the end points of the grass-planting layer.

[0009] Preferably, the side length of the equilateral triangle is 450-550 mm, the sum of the mass of the grass seeds and matrix soil filled inside each equilateral triangle is 2-4 kg, and the sum of the total weight of the grass seeds and matrix soil filled inside multiple equilateral triangles does not exceed 15-25 kg.

[0010] Preferably, the grass seeds are shrub seeds, including alfalfa seeds, Astragalus seeds, Sweet Clover seeds, Elymus seeds, Caragana seeds and Amorpha fruticosa seeds;

[0011] The matrix soil includes 35-45% peat soil + decomposed sawdust + microbial organic fertilizer, 25-35% perlite and 25-35% local planting soil, and its saturated wet weight is 0.5-0.7T / m 3 .

[0012] Preferably, the grass covering is made of polylactic acid (PLA) fiber.

[0013] Preferably, the breathable soil repair layer of the regular hexagonal grass-planting unit includes a biodegradable filter and a plurality of partitions staggered on the biodegradable filter to form a plurality of ground grids, and the expanded clay and the soil repair nutrient organic matter are staggered and filled in the ground grids.

[0014] Preferably, the top of the fiber cotton layer is connected to the bottom of the grass-planting bag layer by a suture line, and the bottom is connected to the tops of several of the ground plug grids, and the bottoms of several of the ground plug grids are provided with ground nails for fixed connection to the ground.

[0015] Preferably, the partitions of the breathable soil repair layer of any two grass planting units are assembled by snap-fitting.

[0016] Preferably, the separator is made of polylactic acid (PLA) fiber.

[0017] According to the above technical solution, based on the grass bags for greening and repairing the mining area, in actual application, by filling the top layer of the grass bag with high-carbon sink and water-saving grass seeds and matrix soil, the middle layer is provided with an ecological porous fiber cotton layer with water storage and water retention function. The comprehensive superposition of the two layers has the advantages of heat preservation, moisture retention, biodegradability and strong air permeability, which can improve the germination and survival rate of grass seeds and achieve rapid greening in arid and semi-arid mining restoration areas. The bottom breathable soil restoration layer is further staggered with porous ecological expanded clay and soil restoration nutrient organic matter, which can realize the function of repairing the soil in the mining area. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the grass pack used for greening and restoration of mining areas;

[0019] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the fiber cotton layer of the grass bag used for greening and restoration of mining areas;

[0020] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the breathable soil restoration layer of the grass bag used for greening and restoration of the mining area;

[0021] Figure 4 This is the effect diagram of the specific application of grass bags for greening and restoration in mining areas.

[0022] Description of Reference Numerals

[0023] 1. Grass covering layer; 11. Tie hook; 12. Tie rod; 13. Tie ring; 2. Fiber cotton layer; 21. Suture line; 3. Breathable soil repair layer; 31. Biodegradable filter; 32. Partition; 33. Connector; 34. Ground nail. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0024] The following describes the specific implementation of the embodiment of the present invention in detail. It should be understood that the specific implementation described herein is only used to illustrate and explain the embodiment of the present invention, and is not used to limit the embodiment of the present invention.

[0025] The utility model provides a grass planting bag for greening and repairing mining areas, such as Figure 1-4 As shown, the grass planting package for reforestation and restoration of mining areas includes at least one grass planting unit, which comprises, from top to bottom, a grass planting layer 1, a fiber cotton layer 2, and a breathable soil restoration layer 3. The grass planting layer 1 is filled with grass seeds and matrix soil, while the breathable soil restoration layer 3 is filled with a staggered mixture of ceramsite and soil restoration nutrients. Preferably, the fiber cotton layer 2 is an ecological porous fiber cotton layer, and the ceramsite is porous ecological ceramsite.

[0026] According to the above technical solution, based on the grass bags for greening and repairing the mining area, in actual application, by filling the top layer of the grass bag with high-carbon sink and water-saving grass seeds and matrix soil, the middle layer is provided with an ecological porous fiber cotton layer with water storage and water retention function. The comprehensive superposition of the two layers has the advantages of heat preservation, moisture retention, biodegradability and strong air permeability, which can improve the germination and survival rate of grass seeds and achieve rapid greening in arid and semi-arid mining restoration areas. The bottom breathable soil restoration layer is further staggered with porous ecological expanded clay and soil restoration nutrient organic matter, which can realize the function of repairing the soil in the mining area.

[0027] In the grass planting bag for greening and repairing the mining area described in the utility model, preferably, Figure 1As shown, the grass planting unit is a regular hexagon, and the grass planting layer 1 of the regular hexagonal grass planting unit is equally divided into six equilateral triangles, and the interior of each equilateral triangle is filled with grass seeds and matrix soil. Therefore, based on the method of dividing the grass planting layer 1 into multiple areas and filling each area with grass seeds and matrix soil, it can effectively meet the needs of different restoration environments while meeting the needs of greening. Specifically, as Figure 4 As shown, it can meet the repair needs of slopes with different slopes such as 0-30°, 30-60° and 60-90°.

[0028] In a specific embodiment, the grass planting layer 1 of the regular hexagonal grass planting unit is divided into six equilateral triangles by tie bars 12, and one end of the tie bars 12 located in the grass planting layer 1 is connected to a tie bar ring 13 set at the geometric center of the grass planting layer 1. Tie bar hooks 11 are provided at the end points of the grass planting layer 1, wherein the tie bar ring 13 and the tie bar hooks 11 are both driven into the ground from top to bottom, so that under the combined action of the tie bar hooks and the tie bar rings, the grass planting unit will not slide under the action of gravity and can be effectively stabilized during slope repair. Specifically, the tie bar hooks 11 are Φ8 threaded tie bar hooks, the tie bars 12 are Φ10 threaded tie bars, and the tie bar rings 13 are expansion bolt anchor points + tie bar rings.

[0029] In another specific embodiment, the side length of the equilateral triangle is 450-550 mm, preferably 480-520 mm, and most preferably 500 mm. The sum of the weight of the grass seeds and matrix soil filled in each equilateral triangle is 2-4 kg, preferably 2.3-3.5 kg, and more preferably 2.5-3 kg. The sum of the total weight of the grass seeds and matrix soil filled in the interior of the plurality of (6) equilateral triangles does not exceed 15-25 kg, and preferably does not exceed 20 kg. By The weight of the grass seeds and the matrix soil is controlled to ensure the safety and stability of the grass planting unit under the influence of gravity on different slopes. By controlling the total weight of the grass seeds and the matrix soil inside the multiple equilateral triangles, the grass planting unit can present different forms of fish-scale-like caves at different slope angles, thereby more effectively protecting the slope and consolidating the soil. In addition, this form is conducive to collecting runoff from above, so that the seeds and matrix soil in each equilateral triangle of the grass planting layer can be fully watered, breathable, and heat-insulated in arid and semi-arid regional environments, further promoting seed germination.

[0030] In another specific embodiment, the matrix soil is preferably light soil, specifically light soil comprising 35-45% peat soil + decomposed sawdust + microbial organic fertilizer, 25-35% perlite and 25-35% local planting soil, and its saturated wet weight is 0.5-0.7T / m 3Compared with ordinary planting soil, its saturated wet weight is 1.2T / m 3 , the use of lightweight soil can better meet the gravity stability of slope surface repair between 30-90°, and the nutrients in lightweight soil can effectively improve the germination and survival rate of grass seeds. And further, by making the grass seeds preferably high-carbon sink and water-saving shrub and grass seeds suitable for arid and semi-arid areas, specifically the shrub and grass seeds include alfalfa seeds, Astragalus seeds, Sweet Clover seeds, Elymus seeds, Caragana seeds and Amorpha fruticosa seeds, the grass seeds can be better adapted to the living environment of arid and semi-arid areas, ensuring the initial germination rate and coverage. Among them, as a specific embodiment, the lightweight soil includes 40% peat soil + decomposed sawdust + microbial organic fertilizer, 30% perlite and 30% local planting soil, and its saturated wet weight is 0.6T / m 3 As another specific embodiment, the mass ratio of the grass seeds to the matrix soil filled in each equilateral triangle is 1:3.

[0031] In the grass-planting bag for greening and restoration of mining areas described in the present invention, preferably, the grass-planting bag layer 1 is made of polylactic acid PLA fiber. Compared with traditional geotextile ecological bags, it has stronger moisture-retaining, heat-insulating and breathable properties, and also has the advantage of being biodegradable. Within 120 days after the initial construction is completed, after maintaining the cycle of germination, growth, rooting and survival of seeds in the bag, under the action of soil, water and microorganisms, the polylactic acid PLA fiber bag can be degraded by 70%-90%, which can greatly reduce problems such as poor plant growth and soil compaction, and improve the effect of site ecological restoration.

[0032] In the grass planting bag for greening and repairing the mining area described in the utility model, preferably, Figure 3 As shown, the breathable soil repair layer 3 of the regular hexagonal grass planting unit includes a biodegradable filter 31 and a number of partitions 32 staggered on the biodegradable filter 31 and surrounding a plurality of ground grids. The ceramsite a and the soil repair nutrient organic matter b are staggered and filled in the ground grids, so that while the grass seeds grow underground, the soil can be repaired based on the soil repair nutrient organic matter. In a specific embodiment, the cross-section of the ground grid is rhombus-shaped and the upper end opening is larger than the lower end opening. In another specific embodiment, the soil repair nutrient organic matter is selected according to the properties of the soil in the installation environment, so as to effectively repair the soil while achieving greening.

[0033] In the grass packs for regreening and repairing mining areas described in the present invention, preferably, the top of the fiber cotton layer 2 is connected to the bottom of the grass packing layer 1 by a suture line 21, and the bottom is connected to the tops of several of the ground plug grids. The bottoms of several of the ground plug grids are provided with ground nails 34 for fixing to the ground, thereby further meeting the fixation needs of slopes of different slopes. In a specific embodiment, the top of the fiber cotton layer 2 is connected to the bottom of the grass packing layer by a suture line 21 based on the six equilateral triangle reinforcement dividing lines.

[0034] In the grass planting bag for regreening and repairing mining areas described in the present invention, preferably, the partitions 32 of the breathable soil repair layer 3 of any two grass planting units are snap-fitted and assembled by means of a snap-fitting piece 33. Specifically, a plurality of grooves are provided on the surface of the partition 32 of one of the breathable soil repair layers 3, and a plurality of corresponding protrusions are provided on the surface of the partition 32 of the other breathable soil repair layer 3, so that in actual application, they can be quickly assembled as needed. In a preferred embodiment, the grass planting unit can be further decomposed into two isosceles trapezoids, so that it can be better suitable for rapid assembly construction in different sites.

[0035] In the grass-planting bags for greening and repairing mining areas described in the present invention, preferably, the partition 32 is made of polylactic acid PLA fiber, which is an advantageous material that is moisture-retaining, heat-insulating, breathable, and biodegradable. It can avoid the traditional geotextile ecological bags being difficult to degrade, causing soil hardening and compaction, and hindering the formation of soil organic matter.

[0036] The present invention will be described in detail below through embodiments, but the protection scope of the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0037] Example 1

[0038] Use Figure 1-3 The grass planting bag for greening and repairing mining areas shown is used for greening and repairing mining areas. Specifically, the grass planting bag for greening and repairing mining areas includes at least one grass planting unit, which includes a grass planting bag layer 1, a fiber cotton layer 2 and a breathable soil repair layer 3 arranged in sequence from top to bottom. The interior of the grass planting bag 1 is filled with grass seeds and matrix soil, and the breathable soil repair layer 3 is staggered with ceramsite and soil repair nutrient organic matter; the fiber cotton layer 2 is an ecological porous fiber cotton layer; the ceramsite is porous ecological ceramsite;

[0039] The grass seeds are shrub seeds, and the shrub seeds are caragana seeds; the matrix soil includes 40% peat soil + decomposed sawdust + microbial organic fertilizer, 30% perlite and 30% local planting soil, and its saturated wet weight is 0.6T / m 3 The grass covering layer 1 is made of polylactic acid (PLA) fiber.

[0040] In actual application, according to the size of a block to be regreened in the mining area, multiple grass planting units are used to assemble, cover and fix them, and then they are fully irrigated to a depth of 5 cm in the original soil layer.

[0041] After testing, it was found that the use of the grass bags for greening and repairing mining areas described in the utility model, as the grass seeds in the grass bag layer survive and take root, the degradable material degrades, and the soil repair nutrients and organic matter of the breathable soil repair layer slowly penetrate into the repaired soil along with the vegetation roots, can achieve the dual effects of rapid slope greening and soil repair; in addition, the seeds can achieve a high survival rate during the germination period (within 2-3 weeks) without watering, which is suitable for saving water for vegetation in arid and semi-arid areas and reducing maintenance costs.

[0042] Example 2

[0043] Refer to Example 1 for implementation, except that the grass planting unit is a regular hexagon, and the grass planting layer 1 of the regular hexagonal grass planting unit is equally divided into six equilateral triangles, and the interior of each equilateral triangle is filled with grass seeds and matrix soil; the grass planting layer 1 of the regular hexagonal grass planting unit is equally divided into six equilateral triangles by tie bars 12, and one end of the tie bars 12 located in the grass planting layer 1 is connected to the tie bar ring 13 arranged at the geometric center of the grass planting layer 1, and tie bar hooks 11 are provided at the end points of the grass planting layer 1; the side length of the equilateral triangle is 500 mm, and the sum of the mass of the grass seeds and matrix soil filled in each equilateral triangle is 2.8 kg; the thickness of the fiber cotton layer 2 is 30 cm.

[0044] After testing, it was found that the grass-planting bags for greening and repairing mining areas described in the present invention can further effectively meet the needs of greening and repairing slopes of different slopes compared to the solution in Example 1, without sliding under the action of gravity.

[0045] Example 3

[0046] Refer to Example 2 for implementation, except that the breathable soil repair layer 3 of the regular hexagonal grass-planting unit includes a biodegradable filter 31 and several partitions 32 staggered on the biodegradable filter 31 and surrounding a plurality of ground grids, and the expanded clay and the soil repair nutrient organic matter are staggered and filled in the ground grids; the top of the fiber cotton layer 2 is connected to the bottom of the grass-planting bag 1 by a suture line 21, and the bottom is connected to the tops of several of the ground grids, and the bottoms of several of the ground grids are provided with ground nails 34 for fixed connection to the ground; the partitions 32 of the breathable soil repair layer 3 of any two grass-planting units are clamped and assembled by a clamp 33; the partition 32 is made of polylactic acid PLA fiber.

[0047] After testing, it was found that the use of the grass-planting bags for greening and repairing mining areas described in the present invention can further improve the greening and repair effect of the target area compared to the solution in Example 2.

[0048] The utility model provides grass bags for regreening and repairing mining areas. The top grass bag layer is filled with high-carbon water-saving grass seeds and matrix soil, and the middle layer is provided with an ecological porous fiber cotton layer with water storage and water retention function. The comprehensive superposition of the two layers has the advantages of heat preservation, moisture retention, biodegradability and strong air permeability, which can improve the germination and survival rate of grass seeds and achieve rapid regreening in arid and semi-arid mining restoration areas. The bottom breathable soil restoration layer is further staggered with porous ecological ceramsite and soil restoration nutrient organic matter, which can realize the function of repairing the soil in the mining area.

[0049] The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above; however, the present invention is not limited thereto. Within the technical scope of the present invention, various simple variations of the present invention's technical solution are possible. To avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention will not further describe various possible combinations. However, these simple variations and combinations should also be considered as disclosed herein and fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A grass planting bag for greening and repairing mining areas, characterized in that: The grass planting bag for greening and repairing a mining area comprises at least one grass planting unit, wherein the grass planting unit comprises a grass planting bag layer (1), a fiber cotton layer (2), and a breathable soil repair layer (3) arranged in sequence from top to bottom, wherein the interior of the grass planting bag layer (1) is filled with grass seeds and matrix soil, and the interior of the breathable soil repair layer (3) is staggeredly filled with ceramsite and soil repair nutrient organic matter.

2. The grass planting bag for greening and repairing mining areas according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The grass planting unit is a regular hexagon, and the grass planting layer (1) of the regular hexagonal grass planting unit is equally divided into six equilateral triangles, and the interior of each equilateral triangle is filled with grass seeds and matrix soil.

3. The grass planting bag for greening and repairing mining areas according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The grass planting layer (1) of the regular hexagonal grass planting unit is divided into six equilateral triangles by tie bars (12), and one end of the tie bars (12) located in the grass planting layer (1) is connected to a tie bar ring (13) arranged at the geometric center of the grass planting layer (1), and tie bar hooks (11) are arranged at the end points of the grass planting layer (1).

4. The grass planting bag for greening and repairing mining areas according to claim 2 is characterized in that: The side length of the equilateral triangle is 450-550 mm, the sum of the mass of the grass seeds and matrix soil filled inside each equilateral triangle is 2-4 kg, and the sum of the total weight of the grass seeds and matrix soil filled inside multiple equilateral triangles does not exceed 15-25 kg.

5. The grass planting bag for greening and repairing mining areas according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The grass covering layer (1) is made of polylactic acid (PLA) fiber.

6. The grass planting bag for greening and repairing mining areas according to claim 2, characterized in that: The breathable soil restoration layer (3) of the regular hexagonal grass-planting unit comprises a biodegradable filter (31) and a plurality of partitions (32) staggeredly arranged on the biodegradable filter (31) and surrounding a plurality of ground grids, wherein the ceramsite and the soil restoration nutrient organic matter are staggeredly filled in the ground grids.

7. The grass planting bag for greening and repairing mining areas according to claim 6, characterized in that: The top of the fiber cotton layer (2) is connected to the bottom of the grass-planting bag (1) via a suture line (21), and the bottom is connected to the tops of a plurality of the ground plug grids. The bottoms of the plurality of the ground plug grids are provided with ground nails (34) for fixed connection to the ground.

8. The grass planting bag for greening and repairing mining areas according to claim 6, characterized in that: The partitions (32) of the breathable soil repair layers (3) of any two grass-planting units are assembled by snapping together using snap-fitting pieces (33).

9. The grass planting bag for greening and repairing mining areas according to any one of claims 6 to 8, characterized in that: The partition (32) is made of polylactic acid (PLA) fiber.

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