Detector assembly and detection system for advanced geological forecast

Abstract

The utility model provides a geophone assembly and a detection system for advanced geological forecast, and belongs to the field of geophones. The geophone assembly comprises a geophone body and further comprises an installation base, an installation threaded hole used for being in threaded fit with an anchor rod installed on a tunnel rock wall is formed in the installation base, the installation base is provided with at least one adsorption binding face for adsorption of the geophone body, and the adsorption binding face is parallel to the axis of the installation threaded hole. The detection system comprises an anchor rod and a detector assembly which are installed on the rock wall of the tunnel. According to the utility model, the geophone main body is provided with the mounting base, so that the mounting base can be mounted on the anchor rod before detection so as to provide better mounting conditions for the mounting of the geophone main body, and the data acquisition quality is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The utility model belongs to the field of earthquake geophones, and in particular relates to a geophone component and a geophone system for advanced geological prediction. Background Art

[0002] During TBM construction, advanced geological predictions of faults, fracture zones, and other unfavorable geological features ahead of the tunnel are essential to ensure safe construction. Key methods for advanced geological prediction include horizontal piloting, TSP / TGP exploration, TRT exploration, advance drilling, and geological documentation and prediction based on slag and TBM excavation parameters.

[0003] The HSP acoustic reflection method can also provide advanced geological forecasting. Compared to the above methods, the HSP acoustic reflection method uses the vibration signals generated by the cutting or crushing of the cutterhead during TBM construction as the excitation source, eliminating the need for an active excitation source. Therefore, it can be used for detection during TBM excavation without affecting normal construction. The HSP system using the HSP acoustic reflection method includes a geophone for detecting acoustic wave data and an HSP host for data processing. Typically, one geophone is placed on the TBM cutter head or body, and two rows of geophones are placed on each side of the surrounding rock.

[0004] The geophone installed in the surrounding rock needs to ensure a reliable connection with the surrounding rock to ensure good transmission of sound waves. There are generally three ways to install geophones in the surrounding rock: the first is to drill a hole in the rock wall, then pour a coupling agent into the hole, and then install the geophone into the coupling agent in the hole. This method increases the drilling workload, and it is difficult to ensure that the posture of the geophone meets the expected requirements after it is installed in the hole; the second method is to use quick-drying cement and other materials to bond the geophone to a relatively flat rock wall, but this method has low operating efficiency and cannot meet the detection requirements; the third method is to drive a steel drill into the rock wall, set a strong magnet on the geophone and adsorb the geophone to the steel drill. In TBM construction, the grouting anchor used for tunnel support can be used instead of the steel drill, and the geophone can be adsorbed on the grouting anchor, which can reduce the workload and improve the detection efficiency.

[0005] In order to better receive the sound waves coming from the front of the tunnel face, the geophone needs to be installed in the direction of the tunnel face. However, the circumferential side wall of the grouting anchor cannot provide a flat surface for the installation of the geophone. Therefore, the geophone is usually adsorbed and installed on the nut on the grouting anchor. The nut on the grouting anchor is a grouting clamping nut used to compress the grouting pad. The grouting clamping nut is close to the rock wall. The installation space of the geophone is small, making it difficult to install the geophone in place and affecting the wave transmission effect between it and the nut. In addition, the surface of the nut of the grouting anchor is easily covered by the grouting or spraying slurry, making the surface of the nut uneven, making it difficult for the geophone to fit tightly to the nut, which also affects the wave transmission and results in low data acquisition quality.

[0006] In addition, the wires connecting the detectors are usually suspended on the detectors, and the weight of the wires acts on the detectors. Therefore, shaking of the wires will interfere with the detectors and affect the quality of data obtained by the detectors. Utility Model Content

[0007] One of the purposes of the present invention is to provide a detector assembly for advanced geological prediction, so as to solve the technical problem in the prior art that the detector body is difficult to fit well with the grouting and tightening nut on the anchor rod, thereby affecting the data acquisition quality.

[0008] Another object of the present invention is to provide a detection system for advanced geological prediction to solve the above technical problems.

[0009] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution of the detector assembly for advanced geological prediction provided by the present invention is:

[0010] A detector assembly for advanced geological prediction includes a detector body and a mounting base. The mounting base is provided with a mounting threaded hole for mating with an anchor thread installed on a tunnel rock wall. The mounting base is provided with at least one adsorption fitting surface for adsorption of the detector body, and the adsorption fitting surface is parallel to the axis of the mounting threaded hole.

[0011] As a further improvement, the mounting base is a hexagonal prism structure having six adsorption and fitting surfaces.

[0012] As a further improvement, the mounting base is a mounting nut.

[0013] As a further improvement, the mounting base is a quadrangular prism structure having four adsorption and fitting surfaces.

[0014] As a further improvement, the detector assembly for advanced geological prediction also includes a fixing structure for fixing the wire connected to the detector body to the anchor net on the tunnel rock wall when in use, and the height of the fixing structure is higher than the height of the detector body.

[0015] As a further improvement, the wire is wound around or tied to the anchor net, and the structure where the wire is wound around or tied constitutes a fixed structure.

[0016] As a further improvement, the fixing structure is located directly above the detector body.

[0017] As a further improvement, the mounting base includes an axially arranged mounting body and a matching body, the mounting threaded hole and the adsorption fitting surface are both provided on the mounting body, the matching body is provided with a matching threaded hole for matching with the anchor rod thread, and the mounting body and the matching body are press-fitted along the circumferential direction.

[0018] As a further improvement, the mounting base includes an axially arranged mounting body and a mating body, the mounting threaded hole and the adsorption fitting surface are both provided on the mounting body, the mating body is annular, and when in use, the mating body is sleeved on the anchor rod and is pressed between the mounting body and the grouting tightening nut.

[0019] The beneficial effect is that the detector assembly for advanced geological prediction provided by the present invention is an improvement over the prior art. The detector assembly includes a mounting base that can be installed on the anchor rod before the detector main body is tested, thereby providing a flat and clean adsorption surface for the detector body to be installed by adsorption, ensuring better wave transmission. In addition, the mounting base is further away from the tunnel rock wall, providing more space for the installation of the detector body, ensuring that the detector body can be installed in place.

[0020] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution of the detection system for advanced geological prediction provided by the present invention is:

[0021] A detector system for advanced geological prediction includes an anchor rod installed on a tunnel rock wall and a detector assembly. The detector assembly includes a detector body and a mounting base. The mounting base is provided with a mounting threaded hole for mating with the anchor rod thread installed on the tunnel rock wall. The mounting base is provided with at least one adsorption fitting surface for adsorption of the detector body, and the adsorption fitting surface is parallel to the axis of the mounting threaded hole.

[0022] As a further improvement, the mounting base is a hexagonal prism structure having six adsorption and fitting surfaces.

[0023] As a further improvement, the mounting base is a mounting nut.

[0024] As a further improvement, the mounting base is a quadrangular prism structure having four adsorption and fitting surfaces.

[0025] As a further improvement, the detector assembly for advanced geological prediction also includes a fixing structure for fixing the wire connected to the detector body to the anchor net on the tunnel rock wall when in use, and the height of the fixing structure is higher than the height of the detector body.

[0026] As a further improvement, the wire is wound around or tied to the anchor net, and the structure where the wire is wound around or tied constitutes a fixed structure.

[0027] As a further improvement, the fixing structure is located directly above the detector body.

[0028] As a further improvement, the mounting base includes an axially arranged mounting body and a matching body, the mounting threaded hole and the adsorption fitting surface are both provided on the mounting body, the matching body is provided with a matching threaded hole for matching with the anchor rod thread, and the mounting body and the matching body are press-fitted along the circumferential direction.

[0029] As a further improvement, the mounting base includes an axially arranged mounting body and a mating body, the mounting threaded hole and the adsorption fitting surface are both provided on the mounting body, the mating body is annular, and when in use, the mating body is sleeved on the anchor rod and is pressed between the mounting body and the grouting tightening nut.

[0030] The beneficial effect is that the detector system for advanced geological prediction provided by the present invention is an improvement over the existing technology. The detector assembly in the detector system includes a mounting base, which can be installed on the anchor rod before the detector main body is tested. This provides a flat and clean adsorption surface for the detector body to be installed by adsorption, ensuring better wave transmission. In addition, the mounting base is farther away from the tunnel rock wall, providing more space for the installation of the detector body, ensuring that the detector body can be installed in place. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of Example 1 of a detector system for advanced geological prediction in the present utility model;

[0032] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of Example 2 of a detector system for advanced geological prediction in the present utility model;

[0033] Figure 3 This is a structural diagram of another perspective of Example 2 of the detection system for advanced geological prediction in the present utility model;

[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of Example 5 of a detector system for advanced geological prediction in the present utility model;

[0035] Figure 5 This is a structural diagram of Example 6 of the detection system for advanced geological prediction in the present utility model.

[0036] Description of reference numerals:

[0037] 1. Anchor rod; 2. Anchor net; 3. Grout stop and tightening nut; 4. Detector body; 5. Wire; 6. Mounting nut; 7. Mounting body; 8. Matching body; 9. Fixed structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.

[0039] In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the basic concept of the present invention is to install a mounting base on the anchor rod before detection to provide better installation conditions for the installation of the detector body.

[0040] Specific embodiment 1 of the detection system for advanced geological prediction provided by the present utility model:

[0041] A detector system for advanced geological prediction, see the attached Figure 1 , including an anchor rod 1 and a detector assembly.

[0042] The anchor rod 1 is a support anchor rod 1 pre-installed on the tunnel rock wall, and an anchor net 2 is installed on the tunnel rock wall together with the anchor rod 1 as a support structure.

[0043] Before installing the geophone assembly, the anchor bolt 1 needs to be carefully selected. The specific selection criteria are: First, the anchor bolt 1 must be a grouting anchor bolt 1, which is tightly bonded to the tunnel rock wall and can effectively transmit sound waves. Second, the surrounding rock where the anchor bolt 1 is located must be relatively intact, free of looseness and water seepage.

[0044] The detector assembly includes a detector body 4, a wire 5, and a mounting base. The detector body 4 is provided with a strong magnet for easy adsorption and installation. The wire 5 is connected to the detector body 4 and is used to transmit the signal detected by the detector body 4.

[0045] The mounting base is provided with an axially threaded mounting hole for threaded engagement with the anchor rod 1. The mounting base is also provided with at least one adsorption-attachment surface for the detector body 4 to adsorb, with the adsorption-attachment surface being parallel to the axis of the mounting threaded hole. Specifically, the mounting base is a mounting nut 6, which can be a standard existing nut, thereby reducing costs. The mounting nut 6 is an overall hexagonal prism structure with six circumferentially distributed adsorption-attachment surfaces, providing more mounting locations for the detector body 4 and facilitating proper installation.

[0046] Before testing, install and tighten the mounting nut 6 on the anchor rod 1 to ensure that the sound waves can be better transmitted between the mounting nut 6 and the anchor rod 1. Select the adsorption surface facing away from the tunnel face to adsorb and fix the detector body 4, so that the detector body 4 can face the tunnel face and better receive the sound waves. Figure 1 The direction of the palm face is from the center to the left.

[0047] The installation base ensures that the adsorption and bonding surface for mounting the geophone body 4 remains clean and tidy, with no impurities such as slurry affecting the tight fit between the geophone body 4 and the mounting base, effectively ensuring the accuracy of the data measured by the geophone. Furthermore, the large distance between the mounting base and the tunnel rock wall facilitates the proper installation of the geophone body 4 and helps ensure the quality of data collection.

[0048] The anchor rod 1 is equipped with a grouting nut 3, which is part of the support structure and is already assembled on the anchor rod 1 when the anchor rod 1 is installed. The mounting nut 6 is axially pressed against the grouting nut 3 during use to keep it tightened. In the actual construction process, the thread on the anchor rod 1 may be deformed. At this time, the mounting nut 6 is screwed onto the anchor rod 1 to tighten the deformed thread section, and there is no need to tighten it against the grouting nut 3. Figure 1 This is the state.

[0049] Specific embodiment 2 of the detection system for advanced geological prediction provided by the present utility model:

[0050] This embodiment is based on embodiment 1, and the difference from embodiment 1 is that, see attached Figure 2 and attached Figure 3 In this embodiment, after the geophone body 4 is installed, the wire 5 connected to the geophone is secured to the anchor net 2 by winding or tying it. The structure of the wire 5 wound or tied together forms a fixing structure 9. The fixing structure 9 is higher than the geophone body 4, so that the weight of the wire 5 acts on the fixing structure 9, reducing interference from the wire 5 on the geophone body 4, improving the stability of the geophone body 4, and ensuring that the geophone body 4 can acquire high-quality data.

[0051] The part of the wire 5 between the detector and the fixed structure 9 is a suspended section in a suspended state. In order to further reduce the horizontal pulling effect of the wire 5 on the detector body 4, it is necessary to keep the suspended section as vertical as possible. To achieve this goal, the fixed structure 9 can be made as close to the detector body 4 as possible in the horizontal direction. It is best to make the fixed structure 9 located directly above the detector body 4.

[0052] Specific embodiment 3 of the detection system for advanced geological prediction provided by the present utility model:

[0053] This embodiment is based on embodiment 2, and differs from embodiment 2 in that the fixing structure in this embodiment is a cable tie, and the wires can be tied to corresponding positions on the anchor net using the cable tie.

[0054] Specific embodiment 4 of the detection system for advanced geological prediction provided by the present utility model:

[0055] This embodiment is based on Example 1, and differs from Example 1 in that the mounting base in this embodiment is a non-standard part, specifically also a hexagonal prism structure, and is also formed with a mounting threaded hole, but the axial length is longer than that of a standard nut, which can provide a larger area of ​​adsorption and fitting surface, and can also provide a larger space for installing the detector body.

[0056] In other embodiments, the mounting base may also be a triangular prism structure, a quadrangular prism structure, or a pentagonal prism structure, which will not be described in detail here.

[0057] Specific embodiment 5 of the detection system for advanced geological prediction provided by the present utility model:

[0058] This embodiment is based on embodiment 1, and the difference from embodiment 1 is that, see attached Figure 4 The mounting base in this embodiment includes a mounting body 7 and a matching body 8, wherein the mounting threaded hole and the adsorption contact surface are both provided on the mounting body 7. The matching body 8 is provided with a matching threaded hole, which is also used for threaded engagement with the anchor rod 1.

[0059] Before testing, the matching body 8 is first installed on the anchor rod 1, and then the mounting body 7 is installed on the anchor rod 1. After the mounting body 7 has adjusted its posture, the matching body 8 is screwed to make it tightly against the mounting body 7, thereby ensuring a reliable connection between the mounting body 7 and the anchor rod 1. The mounting body 7 in this embodiment can more accurately adjust the orientation of the adsorption and bonding surface, which is conducive to improving measurement accuracy.

[0060] Specifically, the mounting body 7 and the matching body 8 can both be nuts, or non-standard parts.

[0061] Specific embodiment 6 of the detection system for advanced geological prediction provided by the present utility model:

[0062] This embodiment is based on embodiment 1, and the difference from embodiment 1 is that, see attached Figure 5 The mounting base in this embodiment includes a mounting body 7 and a matching body 8, wherein the mounting threaded hole and the adsorption fitting surface are both provided on the mounting body 7.

[0063] The matching body 8 is annular. Before testing, the matching body 8 is first placed on the anchor rod 1, and then the mounting body 7 is installed. After the mounting body 7 is tightened, the axial ends of the matching body 8 are respectively pressed against the grouting nut 3 and the mounting body 7. The installation of the matching body 8 can increase the distance between the mounting body 7 and the rock wall, leaving more space for the installation of the detector.

[0064] In other embodiments, the matching body 8 may also be a spring washer, so that the matching body 8 can not only tighten the mounting body 7 onto the anchor rod 1, but also facilitate the mounting body 7 to maintain a desired posture.

[0065] Specific embodiments of the detector assembly for advanced geological prediction provided by the present utility model:

[0066] The detector assembly for advanced geological prediction is the detector assembly in any one of the above-mentioned embodiments 1-6 of the detection system for advanced geological prediction, and will not be described in detail here.

[0067] Finally, it should be noted that the above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments without inventive effort, or replace some of the technical features therein with equivalents. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A detector assembly for advanced geological prediction, comprising a detector body, characterized in that: It also includes a mounting base, which is provided with a mounting threaded hole for cooperating with the anchor thread installed on the tunnel rock wall. The mounting base is provided with at least one adsorption fitting surface for the detector body to be adsorbed, and the adsorption fitting surface is parallel to the axis of the mounting threaded hole.

2. The detector assembly for advanced geological prediction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting base is a hexagonal prism structure with six adsorption and fitting surfaces.

3. The detector assembly for advanced geological prediction according to claim 2, characterized in that: The mounting base is the mounting nut.

4. The detector assembly for advanced geological prediction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting base is a quadrangular prism structure with four adsorption and bonding surfaces.

5. The detector assembly for advanced geological prediction according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The detector assembly for advanced geological prediction also includes a fixing structure for fixing the wire connected to the detector body to the anchor net on the tunnel rock wall when in use, and the height of the fixing structure is higher than the height of the detector body.

6. The detector assembly for advanced geological prediction according to claim 5, characterized in that: The wire is wound around or tied to the anchor net, and the structure around which the wire is wound around or tied constitutes a fixed structure.

7. The detector assembly for advanced geological prediction according to claim 5, characterized in that: The fixed structure is located directly above the detector body.

8. The detector assembly for advanced geological prediction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting base includes an axially arranged mounting body and a matching body. The mounting threaded hole and the adsorption fitting surface are both provided on the mounting body. The matching body is provided with a matching threaded hole for matching with the anchor rod thread. The mounting body and the matching body are press-fitted along the circumferential direction.

9. The detector assembly for advanced geological prediction according to claim 1, characterized in that: The mounting base includes an axially arranged mounting body and a matching body. The mounting threaded hole and the adsorption fitting surface are both provided on the mounting body. The matching body is annular. When in use, the matching body is sleeved on the anchor rod and is pressed between the mounting body and the grouting tightening nut.

10. A detector system for advanced geological prediction, comprising an anchor rod installed on a tunnel rock wall, characterized in that: It also includes the detector assembly for advanced geological prediction according to any one of claims 1-9.

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