Fishway structure for preventing flood sediment deposition

Abstract

The utility model provides a prevent fishway structure of flood siltation, relate to hydraulic engineering technical field, prevent fishway structure of flood siltation including fishway groove body and apron, the fishway groove body includes fishway bottom plate and sets up the fishway side wall of fishway bottom plate both sides, the import end of fishway groove body is provided with fishway gate, the apron sets up in two fishway side wall's upper end surface, the apron is configured as open or close fishway groove body. The utility model discloses a prevent fishway structure of flood siltation, compared with prior art, solved the problem that fishway silted up during flood, also avoided the structural safety risk brought by the fishway side wall of adding height.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of water conservancy engineering technology, and more specifically, to a fishway structure for preventing siltation during floods. Background Technology

[0002] Fishways are artificial passages that allow fish to travel upstream through structures such as sluices and dams or natural structures. Their ecological significance is to mitigate the impact of dam construction on obstructed fish and help them to travel smoothly upstream or downstream through dams or other obstacles to reach their important habitats such as breeding grounds, feeding grounds, or overwintering grounds.

[0003] Fishways, serving as passageways for fish migration between the upstream and downstream of dams, have their inlets and outlets located at a certain depth below the water surface to meet the fish's passage needs. Fish spawning season generally occurs before the flood season, so the fishway's operating season is adapted to this season. During the flood season, the river's flow becomes turbulent due to flood discharge, making it difficult for fish to find the inlet; therefore, fishways are generally not operational during the flood season. For fishway inlets downstream of the dam, when floods occur, the rising river level submerges the inlet portion, allowing silt and floating debris carried by the floodwaters to enter. After the flood season, before the next fishway operating period, the floating debris and accumulated silt must be cleared from the fishway. For rivers prone to frequent flooding, siltation and blockage by floating debris are common after the flood season. Fishway inlets are often underwater year-round to maintain minimum water levels, making siltation difficult to clear and ultimately affecting the fishway's operational efficiency.

[0004] Regarding the problem of siltation and blockage at the fishway inlet due to flooding, there are currently two main countermeasures: clearing and unblocking before operation, and raising the water-retaining height of the fishway sidewalls to prevent silt from entering. However, both of these methods have the following drawbacks:

[0005] (1) Before operation, the cleaning is mainly done manually. Due to the structural size and space limitations of the fishway, the cleaning is difficult, there are many corners, the cleaning is time-consuming, and the water consumption for flushing is large. Taking the commonly used vertical slot fishway in China as an example, the spacing between the guide plates is generally small, only a few tens of centimeters wide, which obstructs the passage of personnel. It can only rely on flushing with water inside the fishway. Local blockages and obstructions need to be removed by personnel and equipment entering the fishway separately. The operating space is limited, the operation is difficult, the operation time is long, and the convenience is poor.

[0006] (2) Raising the sidewalls of the fishway can prevent floods below the flood control standard from entering the fishway during the flood season, resulting in lower siltation and fewer pollutants in the fishway, reducing the difficulty and time required for manual cleaning, and reducing operational pressure. However, raising the sidewalls to the same flood control elevation as the powerhouse results in extremely high sidewall height, posing a significant risk to structural stability, increasing construction difficulty, and requiring a large amount of work. Taking a hydropower station on the Yellow River as an example, when the sidewall height is not considered, it only needs to meet the water depth requirements of the fishway itself (not exceeding 3m); when the sidewall height is considered to be raised to the same flood control elevation as the powerhouse, the sidewall needs to be raised to 18m, making structural implementation extremely difficult, requiring a large amount of work, and resulting in poor economic efficiency and feasibility. Utility Model Content

[0007] The problem this invention aims to solve is: how to address the issue of siltation inside fish passages caused by floods.

[0008] This utility model provides a fishway structure for preventing siltation during floods, comprising: a fishway trough and a cover plate. The fishway trough includes a fishway bottom plate and fishway side walls disposed on both sides of the fishway bottom plate. A fishway gate is provided at the inlet end of the fishway trough. The cover plate is disposed on the upper surface of the two fishway side walls and is configured to open or close the fishway trough.

[0009] The fishway structure provided by this utility model for preventing siltation during floods has the following beneficial effects compared to existing technologies, but is not limited to:

[0010] The fishway structure for preventing siltation during floods, as described in this invention, involves covering the upper surfaces of the two fishway sidewalls with a cover plate during floods, and using a fishway gate at the inlet end of the fishway to seal off the internal space of the fishway, ensuring that floodwater, silt, and floating debris cannot enter the fishway. During the fish passage season, the cover plate is opened to ensure sufficient natural light inside the fishway, while also facilitating inspection by personnel. Compared to related technologies, this fishway structure for preventing siltation during floods solves the problem of siltation in fishways and avoids the structural safety risks associated with raising the fishway sidewalls.

[0011] Optionally, a concrete platform is provided on the side of one of the fishway sidewalls facing away from the other fishway sidewall, the height of the concrete platform matching the height of the fishway sidewall, and the upper surface of the concrete platform serving as an inspection passage.

[0012] Optionally, the upper surface of the concrete platform is provided with a first hinge seat, and one end of the cover plate is hinged to the first hinge seat.

[0013] Optionally, the upper surface of the concrete platform is provided with a boss, the end face of the boss near the cover plate is provided with a second hinge seat, the end face of the cover plate away from the fishway side wall is provided with a third hinge seat, and a hydraulic cylinder is hinged between the second hinge seat and the third hinge seat.

[0014] Optionally, a conveying roller is provided on the upper surface of the concrete platform, and the cover plate is used to transfer the material to the upper surface of the fishway sidewall via the conveying roller.

[0015] Optionally, the upper end face of the fishway sidewall is provided with an embedded part, and the cover plate is used to be detachably connected to the fishway sidewall through the embedded part.

[0016] Optionally, the upper surface of the concrete platform has a cover plate placement area.

[0017] Optionally, an outlet gate is provided at the outlet end of the fish passage.

[0018] Optionally, a plurality of the cover plates are spaced apart on the top of the two fishway sidewalls, and an inspection platform is provided between any two adjacent cover plates, the inspection platform being arranged on the top of the two fishway sidewalls.

[0019] Optionally, a sealing gasket is provided on the upper end face of the fishway sidewall. Attached Figure Description

[0020] Figure 1 This is a cross-section of a fishway structure for preventing siltation during floods, according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0021] Figure 2 This is a perspective view of a fishway structure for preventing siltation during floods, according to an embodiment of this utility model.

[0022] Figure 3 This is a cross-section of a fishway structure for preventing siltation during floods, according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0023] Figure 4 This is a cross-section of a fishway structure for preventing siltation during floods, according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 .

[0024] Explanation of reference numerals in the attached figures:

[0025] 1. Fishway bottom plate; 2. Fishway side wall; 3. Cover plate; 4. Concrete platform; 5. Boss; 6. Inspection platform; 7. Sealing gasket; 8. Hydraulic cylinder; 9. Conveyor roller. Detailed Implementation

[0026] To make the above-mentioned objectives, features and advantages of this utility model more apparent and understandable, the specific embodiments of this utility model will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0027] In the description of this utility model, the orientation or positional relationship indicated by terms such as "up", "down", "left", "right", "top", "bottom", "front", "back", "inner" and "outer" is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. It is only for the convenience of describing this utility model and is not intended to indicate or imply that the device referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, it should not be construed as a limitation on the scope of protection of this utility model.

[0028] In the description of this utility model, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "set," "install," "connect," and "link" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal connection of two components. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this utility model based on the specific circumstances.

[0029] In the description of this specification, references to terms such as "embodiment," "one embodiment," and "one implementation" indicate that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with that embodiment or implementation is included in at least one embodiment or implementation of the present invention. In this specification, the illustrative expressions of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or implementation. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in one or more embodiments or implementations.

[0030] Furthermore, in the attached diagram, the X-axis represents the horizontal direction, that is, the left and right position, and the positive direction of the X-axis represents the left, and the negative direction of the X-axis represents the right; in the attached diagram, the Z-axis represents the vertical direction, that is, the up and down position, and the positive direction of the Z-axis represents the up, and the negative direction of the Z-axis represents the down.

[0031] It should also be noted that the aforementioned X-axis and Z-axis representations are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the present invention.

[0032] like Figure 1As shown, the fishway structure for preventing siltation during floods according to an embodiment of the present invention includes: a fishway channel and a cover plate 3. The fishway channel includes a fishway bottom plate 1 and fishway side walls 2 disposed on both sides of the fishway bottom plate 1. A fishway gate is provided at the inlet end of the fishway channel. The cover plate 3 is disposed on the upper end face of the two fishway side walls 2. The cover plate 3 is configured to open or close the fishway channel.

[0033] In this embodiment, in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1 As shown, the inlet end of the fishway channel refers to the upstream end of the fishway channel. During floods, a cover plate 3 is installed on the upper surface of the two fishway sidewalls 2 (see attached diagram). Figure 1 The fishway is sealed off by a gate at the inlet of the fishway (in the positive direction of the Z-axis), ensuring that floodwaters, sediment, and floating debris cannot enter the fishway. During the fish passage season, the cover plate 3 is opened to ensure sufficient natural light inside the fishway and facilitate inspection by patrol personnel. Compared with related technologies, this fishway structure for preventing floodwater sediment accumulation solves the problem of sediment accumulation during floods and avoids the structural safety risks associated with raising the fishway sidewalls.

[0034] It should be noted that multiple cover plates 3 can be installed according to the actual length of the fishway sidewall 2.

[0035] Optionally, a concrete platform 4 is provided on one side of the fishway sidewall 2 away from the other fishway sidewall 2. The height of the concrete platform 4 matches the height of the fishway sidewall 2, and the upper surface of the concrete platform 4 is used as an inspection passage.

[0036] In this embodiment, in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1 As shown, the concrete platform 4 can be poured between the fishway side wall 2 and the tailrace channel slope concrete, wherein the height of the concrete platform 4 matches the height of the fishway side wall 2, and the upper surface of the concrete platform 4 can serve as an inspection passage for staff.

[0037] Optionally, a first hinge seat is provided on the upper surface of the concrete platform 4, and one end of the cover plate 3 is hinged to the first hinge seat.

[0038] In this embodiment, in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1 As shown, a first hinge seat is provided on the upper surface of the concrete platform 4, and the right end of the cover plate 3 (attached) Figure 1 (in the opposite direction of the X-axis) can be hinged to the first hinge seat, and the cover plate 3 can rotate around the first hinge seat to open or close the top of the fish passage trough.

[0039] Optionally, a boss 41 is provided on the upper end face of the concrete platform 4, a second hinge seat is provided on the end face of the boss 41 near the cover plate 3, a third hinge seat is provided on the end face of the cover plate 3 away from the fishway side wall 2, and a hydraulic cylinder 7 is hinged between the second hinge seat and the third hinge seat.

[0040] In this embodiment, in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1 As shown, a boss 41 is provided on the upper surface of the concrete platform 4. The boss 41 can be a rectangular protrusion. A second hinge seat is provided on the end face of the boss 41 near the cover plate 3, and a third hinge seat is provided on the end face of the cover plate 3 away from the fishway side wall 2. The fixed end of the hydraulic cylinder 7 can be hinged to the second hinge seat, and the telescopic end of the hydraulic cylinder 7 can be hinged to the third hinge seat. In this way, the opening or closing operation of the cover plate 3 can be realized by the telescopic movement of the hydraulic cylinder 7. Multiple cover plates 3 are provided, and each cover plate 3 is provided with at least one hydraulic cylinder 7. Multiple hydraulic cylinders 7 can realize remote centralized control and can be used in conjunction with water condition monitoring, water level monitoring, etc. to achieve automated control.

[0041] It should be noted that the hydraulic cylinder 7 is only one way to open and close the cover plate 3. When other power types (manual, mechanical, etc.) and other opening and closing methods (flat push, complete disassembly, etc.) can be used to close the top of the fishway and avoid the problems of siltation and blockage by floating objects, these methods will all fall within the protection scope of this utility model.

[0042] Of course, the fishway can also be made into a completely enclosed box culvert structure, meaning the upper part is completely sealed and cannot be opened, which can solve the problem of silt entering once and for all. However, this method also essentially eliminates the ability to inspect the entire fishway. The enclosed structure prevents inspectors from observing the inside of the fishway from the outside, and the practice of placing observation windows at intervals in sections can only solve the inspection problem locally. At the same time, the enclosed structure will result in almost complete darkness inside. When the fishway is long, the fish will be in darkness for a long time, which is not conducive to the fish migrating back. If lighting is installed inside, there is a problem of not being able to inspect or replace the lighting circuits and equipment. Therefore, a fully enclosed, non-openable fishway structure is functionally unfavorable for fish migrating back and for inspection and maintenance.

[0043] Optionally, a conveying roller 8 is provided on the upper surface of the concrete platform 4, and the cover plate 3 is used to transfer the material to the upper surface of the fishway sidewall 2 via the conveying roller 8.

[0044] In this embodiment, in conjunction with the appendix Figure 3 As shown, multiple conveying rollers 8 are spaced apart on the upper surface of the concrete platform 4, with the extension direction of the conveying rollers 8 parallel to the extension direction of the fishway sidewall 2. The cover plate 3 can be transferred to the upper surface of the fishway sidewall 2 via the conveying rollers 8. Of course, the conveying rollers 8 also help to transfer the cover plate 3 away from the upper surface of the fishway sidewall 2.

[0045] Optionally, the upper end face of the fishway sidewall 2 is provided with an embedded part, and the cover plate 3 is used to be detachably connected to the fishway sidewall 2 through the embedded part.

[0046] In this embodiment, the upper end face of the fishway sidewall 2 is provided with an embedded part, which can be a connecting structure such as an ear plate. The cover plate 3 can be bolted to the embedded part on the fishway sidewall 2 to achieve a detachable connection between the cover plate 3 and the fishway sidewall 2.

[0047] Optionally, the upper surface of the concrete platform 4 has a cover plate placement area.

[0048] In this embodiment, in conjunction with the appendix Figure 4 As shown, the cover plate 3 is detachably connected to the fishway side wall 2. After being removed, the cover plate 3 can be stacked in the cover plate placement area of ​​the concrete platform 4.

[0049] Optionally, an outlet gate is provided at the outlet end of the fish passage.

[0050] Optionally, a plurality of the cover plates 3 are spaced apart on the top of the two fishway sidewalls 2, and an inspection platform 5 is provided between any two adjacent cover plates 3, the inspection platform 5 being arranged on the top of the two fishway sidewalls 2.

[0051] In this embodiment, in conjunction with the appendix Figure 2 As shown, multiple covers 3 are provided, and these covers 3 are spaced apart on the top of the two fishway sidewalls 2. An inspection platform 5 is arranged between any two adjacent covers 3. The inspection platform 5 and the adjacent covers 3 can be sealed to prevent water from entering the fishway through the gap between the inspection platform 5 and the covers 3. The inspection platform 5 allows inspection personnel to easily observe the fish passage within the fishway and promptly identify any operational problems.

[0052] Optionally, a sealing gasket 6 is provided on the upper end face of the fishway sidewall 2.

[0053] In this embodiment, in conjunction with the appendix Figure 1 Or attached Figure 3 Or attached Figure 4 As shown, a sealing gasket 6 is provided on the upper end face of the fish passage sidewall 2. The sealing gasket 6 is used to contact the cover plate 3 to prevent water from entering the fish passage tank.

[0054] Although the present invention has been disclosed above, its protection scope is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art can make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and all such changes and modifications will fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A fishway structure for preventing siltation during floods, characterized in that, include: The fish passage includes a fish passage bottom plate (1) and fish passage side walls (2) on both sides of the fish passage bottom plate (1). A fish passage gate is provided at the inlet end of the fish passage. The cover plate (3) is provided on the upper surface of the two fish passage side walls (2). The cover plate (3) is configured to open or close the fish passage.

2. The fishway structure for preventing siltation during floods according to claim 1, characterized in that, A concrete platform (4) is provided on one side of the fishway sidewall (2) away from the other fishway sidewall (2), the height of the concrete platform (4) is matched with the height of the fishway sidewall (2), and the upper surface of the concrete platform (4) is used as an inspection channel.

3. The fishway structure for preventing siltation during floods, as described in claim 2, is characterized in that... The upper surface of the concrete platform (4) is provided with a first hinge seat, and one end of the cover plate (3) is hinged to the first hinge seat.

4. The fishway structure for preventing siltation during floods according to claim 3, characterized in that, The upper end face of the concrete platform (4) is provided with a boss (41), and the end face of the boss (41) near the cover plate (3) is provided with a second hinge seat. The end face of the cover plate (3) away from the fishway side wall (2) is provided with a third hinge seat. A hydraulic cylinder (7) is hinged between the second hinge seat and the third hinge seat.

5. The fishway structure for preventing siltation during floods according to claim 2, characterized in that, The upper surface of the concrete platform (4) is provided with a conveying roller (8), and the cover plate (3) is used to transfer the material to the upper surface of the fishway sidewall (2) via the conveying roller (8).

6. The fishway structure for preventing siltation during floods according to claim 2, characterized in that, The upper end face of the fishway sidewall (2) is provided with an embedded part, and the cover plate (3) is used to detachably connect to the fishway sidewall (2) through the embedded part.

7. The fishway structure for preventing siltation during floods according to claim 6, characterized in that, The upper surface of the concrete platform (4) has a cover plate placement area.

8. The fishway structure for preventing siltation during floods according to claim 1, characterized in that, An outlet gate is provided at the outlet end of the fish passage trough.

9. The fishway structure for preventing siltation during floods according to claim 1, characterized in that, Multiple cover plates (3) are spaced apart on the top of two fishway sidewalls (2), and an inspection platform (5) is provided between any two adjacent cover plates (3). The inspection platform (5) is located on the top of the two fishway sidewalls (2).

10. The fishway structure for preventing siltation during floods according to any one of claims 1-9, characterized in that, A sealing gasket (6) is provided on the upper end face of the fishway sidewall (2).

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