Design method of cavern and gate combining diversion and flood discharge regulation

Abstract

The application discloses a kind of construction diversion and flood discharge regulation combination cavern and gate design method, including steps S100, first gate and second gate are disassembled, and first gate after disassembly can move between first position and second position, when first gate is in first position, the bottom of first gate is in abutment with the top of second gate to block diversion tunnel, when first gate is in second position, first gate and second gate are separated to form fluid passage for liquid flow;And step S200, fixed second gate.It should be understood that when diversion tunnel becomes discharge tunnel, first gate is more to undertake the role of maintenance valve.When first gate drops to first position, diversion tunnel is blocked.Then let the first valve at the end of diversion tunnel open, so that the water between first gate and first valve is drained, then maintenance personnel can enter diversion tunnel for maintenance detection.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of hydropower and water conservancy engineering, and in particular to a design method for caverns and gates that combines construction diversion and flood discharge regulation. Background Technology

[0002] Currently, during the construction of pumped storage power station reservoirs, a diversion tunnel (i.e., a diversion tunnel) needs to be excavated on one side of the dam to guide the accumulated water in the reservoir dam area to the downstream of the dam. At the same time, another discharge chamber for regulating reservoir capacity and flood discharge is constructed inside the dam. After the dam construction is completed, the diversion tunnel is closed for water storage and permanently sealed, and is no longer used.

[0003] The diversion tunnel has been closed for water storage and sealing. The internal discharge chamber of the reservoir dam has also been completed and put into operation. The discharge chamber consists of the inlet maintenance gate and the downstream discharge valve, and is responsible for flood discharge regulation, reservoir water level regulation and flood discharge during the water storage period.

[0004] Using the above methods would require excavating both a diversion tunnel and a discharge tunnel, increasing costs. Therefore, some projects consider combining the diversion tunnel and discharge tunnel into one, creating the discharge tunnel by modifying the diversion tunnel. However, the current method involves constructing a vertical shaft at the front of the diversion tunnel to connect to a location higher than the reservoir's siltation level to prevent siltation (i.e., creating a "dragon's head" effect). See details... Figure 1 The aforementioned methods require the reconstruction of vertical shafts, which is costly and increases the need for manpower and materials, ultimately raising carbon emissions. Therefore, in order to achieve the country's dual-carbon policy goals and guide green development, there is an urgent need for new methods for the renovation and design of diversion tunnels. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The main objective of this invention is to provide a cavern and gate design method that can reduce the amount of construction and renovation work and combine temporary diversion with permanent discharge.

[0006] This disclosure provides a design method for a tunnel and gate that combines construction diversion and flood discharge regulation. The diversion tunnel is equipped with a first gate and a second gate, with the first gate located above the second gate and the first gate and the second gate being detachably connected. The method further includes the following steps:

[0007] The first gate and the second gate are separated, and the separated first gate can move between a first position and a second position. When the first gate is in the first position, the bottom of the first gate abuts against the top of the second gate to block the flow channel. When the first gate is in the second position, the first gate and the second gate separate to form a fluid channel for liquid flow.

[0008] Fix the second gate.

[0009] Optionally, the second gate is also sealed so that its left, right and bottom sides are sealed to the guide hole.

[0010] Optionally, the second gate is cast with concrete, so that the left, right and bottom sides of the second gate are fixedly connected to the diversion hole, restricting the fluid from passing through the gaps between the second gate and the diversion hole on the left, right and bottom sides of the second gate.

[0011] Optionally, a water seal device is provided at the top of the second gate.

[0012] Optionally, it also includes a drive device for driving the first gate to move up and down, and the drive device is located above the first gate.

[0013] Optionally, it also includes a first channel located above the flow guide hole, and the drive device located within the first channel, wherein the first gate is located between the flow guide hole and the first channel to restrict the flow of fluid between the flow guide hole and the first channel.

[0014] Optionally, a first valve is provided at the end of the flow guide hole.

[0015] Optionally, a steel lining may be laid on the inner wall of the diversion tunnel.

[0016] In the above scheme, by setting up a first gate and a second gate that are detachable from each other, the gates can be used to block the diversion tunnel when it may not be modified, and then opened together when diversion is needed. When the diversion tunnel is modified into a discharge tunnel, the first gate and the second gate are removed, and the second gate located below is fixed to intercept silt, while the first gate located above can still be operated. Attached Figure Description

[0017] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the diversion tunnel and its surrounding environment in the prior art.

[0018] Figure 2 This is a structural schematic diagram of the diversion tunnel and its surrounding environment in this disclosure.

[0019] Figure 3a A schematic diagram showing the structure of the first gate, the second gate, and the drive device from the front (when the first gate is in the first position).

[0020] Figure 3bA schematic diagram showing the structure of the first gate, the second gate, and the drive device from the front (when the first gate is in the second position).

[0021] Figure 4 This is a partial sectional view of the internal structure of the mountain.

[0022] Figure 5 This is a schematic flowchart illustrating a construction diversion and flood discharge regulation method for a cavern and gate design according to an embodiment of this disclosure. The diagram is labeled as follows: 1. First gate; 11. Fluid channel; 2. Second gate; 21. Water seal device; 3. Diversion tunnel; 31. Front section; 32. Rear section; 33. Sealing concrete; 4. Drive device; 5. First channel; 6. First valve; 7. Reservoir; 8. Mountain; 81. Ventilation hole; 9. Shaft. Detailed Implementation

[0023] To further illustrate the technical means and effects adopted by the present invention to achieve the intended purpose, the specific embodiments, structures, features, and effects of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments:

[0024] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings. They are used only for the convenience of describing the invention and for simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0025] In the description of this invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified and limited, the terms "installation," "connection," and "linking" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they can refer to a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; they can refer to a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; they can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to the internal communication between two components. The term "communication" should also be interpreted broadly, meaning that it can refer to a direct connection or an indirect connection through an intermediate medium. Those skilled in the art can understand the specific meaning of the above terms in this invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0026] Furthermore, the technical features involved in the different embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

[0027] The singular forms “a,” “the,” and “the” used in this disclosure and the appended claims are also intended to include the plural forms unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. It should also be understood that the term “and / or” as used herein refers to and includes any or all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0028] Unless otherwise specified, the terms "multiple" or "a plurality of" in this disclosure and the appended claims refer to two or more.

[0029] First, such as Figure 2 As shown, the mountain body 8 has a diversion tunnel 3 (i.e., a tunnel combining construction diversion and flood discharge regulation). The diversion tunnel 3 includes a front section 31 and a rear section 32. The first gate 1 and the second gate 2 (which are also gates combining construction diversion and flood discharge regulation) are located at the junction of the front section 31 and the rear section 32, and as shown... Figure 3a as well as Figure 3b As shown, the first gate 1 is located above the second gate 2. During diversion, water from reservoir 7 in mountain 8 enters diversion tunnel 3 through the inlet 31 of the front section of the diversion tunnel 3 until it reaches the first gate 1 and the second gate 2. In this embodiment, the first gate 1 and the second gate 2 are interconnected, so only the first gate 1 needs to be raised to raise the second gate 2 to open both the first gate 1 and the second gate 2, allowing water to continue flowing out of the diversion tunnel 3. It should be understood that if the second gate 2 does not rise, some water will remain in front of the second gate 2, preventing the water in reservoir 7 from being completely emptied and affecting subsequent dam construction. It should be understood that in some embodiments, the modified first gate 1 and the second gate 2 are used to regulate reservoir capacity, allowing water from the reservoir upstream of the diversion tunnel 3 to be discharged and treated, thus lowering the reservoir level during floods.

[0030] Specific modification methods include: such as Figure 5As shown, in step S100, the first gate 1 and the second gate 2 are disassembled, and the disassembled first gate 1 can move between a first position and a second position. When the first gate 1 is in the first position, the bottom of the first gate 1 abuts against the top of the second gate 2 to block the flow channel 3. When the first gate 1 is in the second position, the first gate 1 and the second gate 2 are separated to form a fluid channel 11 for liquid flow; and in step S200, the second gate 2 is fixed. It should be understood that when the flow channel 3 becomes a discharge channel, the first gate 1 mainly serves as a maintenance valve. When the first gate 1 descends to the first position, the flow channel 3 is blocked. Then, the first valve 6 at the end of the flow channel 3 is opened, allowing the water between the first gate 1 and the first valve 6 to drain, so that maintenance personnel can enter the flow channel 3 for inspection and testing. Specifically, when the first gate 1 and the second gate 2 are in the first position, the first gate 1 and the second gate 2 cooperate to block the flow channel 3, as shown in the following... Figure 3a As shown. When the first gate 1 and the second gate 2 are in the second position, the first gate 1 and the second gate 2 are separated to form a fluid channel 11 for liquid flow, specifically as follows. Figure 3b As shown.

[0031] Optionally, the first gate 1 and the second gate 2 are connected by a pin. When it is necessary to disassemble the first gate 1 and the second gate 2, the pin can be removed. Since there are many ways to detach the first gate 1 and the second gate 2, this disclosure does not limit this one.

[0032] Optionally, the second gate 2 can be sealed, ensuring a sealed connection between its left, right, and bottom sides and the guide tunnel 3. Specifically, the second gate 2 is cast with concrete, fixing its left, right, and bottom sides to the guide tunnel 3, thus restricting fluid flow through the gaps between the second gate 2 and the guide tunnel 3. It should be understood that before sealing the second gate 2, its left, right, and bottom sides are already in close contact with the guide tunnel 3, making it difficult for water to flow through. However, concrete casting is used to enhance the sealing effect of the guide tunnel 3. It should be understood that other sealing methods besides concrete casting can also be used. Furthermore, concrete casting helps to make the outer surface of the second gate 2 relatively smooth, facilitating subsequent installation and construction of structures such as the water seal device 21. Figure 4 As shown, concrete can also be poured in front of the second gate 2 to form a sealing concrete 33 to seal the second gate 2, preventing water from flowing through the gap between the diversion tunnel 3 and the second gate 2.

[0033] Optionally, a water seal device 21 is provided on the top of the second gate 2. The water seal device 21 is mainly used to seal the gap between the first gate 1 and the second gate 2, so that when the first gate 1 is lowered to the first position, the water flow cannot pass through the gap between the first gate 1 and the second gate 2.

[0034] Optional, such as Figure 4 As shown, it also includes a drive device 4, which drives the first gate 1 to move up and down, and is located above the first gate 1. Specifically, it also includes a first channel 5, which is located above the guide hole 3, and the drive device 4 is located inside the first channel 5. The first gate 1 is located between the guide hole 3 and the first channel 5 to restrict the flow of fluid between the guide hole 3 and the first channel 5. The advantage of the above design is that when the first gate 1 and the second gate 2 are connected to each other, the drive device 4 can make the first gate 1 and the second gate 2 move together, without the need for an additional drive device 4 to drive the second gate 2. Moreover, since the drive device 4 is located above the first gate 1, the fixation of the second gate 2 below will not affect the drive device 4's ability to drive the first gate 1 to move up and down. The drive device 4 can be a motor or other similar device capable of driving an object to move.

[0035] Optionally, a first valve 6 is provided at the end of the diversion tunnel 3.

[0036] Optionally, a steel lining is laid on the inner wall of the diversion tunnel 3. It should be understood that in some embodiments, the diversion tunnel 3 can replace the discharge tunnel after modifying the first gate 1 and the second gate 2 of the diversion tunnel 3, eliminating the need for a steel lining. However, sometimes, to allow the diversion tunnel 3 to withstand greater water flow impact, a steel lining is laid on the inner wall of the diversion tunnel 3 to improve its pressure-bearing capacity. Optionally, in some embodiments, a first pipe is provided in the rear section 32 of the diversion tunnel 3. The inlet of the first pipe is located behind the fluid channel 11 formed after the separation of the first gate 1 and the second gate 2, to receive water passing through the fluid channel 11 between the first gate 1 and the second gate 2.

[0037] Optionally, a ventilation hole 81 is provided in the mountain body 8, and the ventilation hole 81 is connected to the front section 31 of the diversion tunnel 3.

[0038] It should be understood that, in some implementations, when constructing a dam, the construction team first constructs a diversion tunnel 3 at the bottom of the reservoir 7 to drain the water in the reservoir 7. The diversion tunnel 3 should be equipped with a first gate 1, a second gate 2, and a first valve 6. The first gate 1 and the second gate 2 are located in the middle section of the diversion tunnel 3, while the first valve 6 is located at the end of the diversion tunnel 3. Therefore, the water flows from the reservoir 7 into the front end of the diversion tunnel 3, and then through the first gate 1 and the second gate 2 (with the first gate 1 and the second gate 2 in the open state) before reaching the first valve 6.

[0039] Next, the diversion tunnel 3 was modified. First, the first gate 1 and the second gate 2 were separated, then the second gate 2 was fixed with concrete, and then a steel lining was laid in the diversion tunnel 3.

[0040] The above-mentioned solution, by setting the first gate 1 and the second gate 2 as a detachable connection structure, facilitates the construction team's modification of the gates into maintenance gates. Furthermore, it eliminates the need for an additional vertical shaft 9 to avoid siltation, reducing construction costs. In addition, this patent achieves integrated design and construction of discharge and diversion, providing a new approach to the construction of pumped storage power stations in lower reservoir projects. It greatly promotes the progress of similar projects, yielding significant economic benefits, reducing the amount of excavation around the reservoir, and combining project reduction with environmental protection. This makes a positive contribution to achieving my country's dual-carbon goals, resulting in significant socio-economic benefits and broad prospects for application.

[0041] The above embodiments are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present invention. Any non-substantial changes and substitutions made by those skilled in the art based on the present invention shall fall within the scope of protection claimed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for designing caverns and gates that combines construction diversion and flood discharge regulation, characterized in that, The diversion tunnel is equipped with a first gate and a second gate. The first gate is located above the second gate, and the first gate and the second gate are detachably connected. The modification of the first gate and the second gate of the diversion tunnel to replace the discharge tunnel with the diversion tunnel includes the following steps: The first gate and the second gate are separated, and the separated first gate can move between a first position and a second position. When the first gate is in the first position, the bottom of the first gate abuts against the top of the second gate to block the flow channel. When the first gate is in the second position, the first gate and the second gate separate to form a fluid channel for liquid flow. Fix the second gate.

2. The method for designing tunnels and gates combining construction diversion and flood discharge regulation according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes sealing the second gate so that the left, right and bottom sides of the second gate are sealed to the guide hole.

3. The method for designing caverns and gates combining construction diversion and flood discharge regulation according to claim 2, characterized in that, The second gate is cast with concrete, so that the left, right and bottom sides of the second gate are fixedly connected to the diversion hole, restricting the fluid from passing through the gaps between the second gate and the diversion hole on the left, right and bottom sides of the second gate.

4. The method for designing tunnels and gates combining construction diversion and flood discharge regulation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the second gate is equipped with a water seal device.

5. The method for designing tunnels and gates combining construction diversion and flood discharge regulation according to claim 1, characterized in that, It also includes a drive device for driving the first gate to move up and down, and the drive device is located above the first gate.

6. The method for designing tunnels and gates combining construction diversion and flood discharge regulation according to claim 5, characterized in that, It also includes a first channel located above the flow guide hole, and the drive device located within the first channel, wherein the first gate is located between the flow guide hole and the first channel to restrict the flow of fluid between the flow guide hole and the first channel.

7. The method for designing tunnels and gates combining construction diversion and flood discharge regulation according to claim 1, characterized in that, The first valve is provided at the end of the diversion tunnel.

8. The method for designing tunnels and gates combining construction diversion and flood discharge regulation according to claim 1, characterized in that, A steel lining is laid on the inner wall of the diversion tunnel.

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