A lithium battery thermal runaway insulation buffer fire extinguishing protection device

Abstract

This utility model discloses a lithium battery thermal runaway insulation and buffer fire extinguishing protection device, including a housing and a flip-up sealing cover fitted onto the housing. The cover and / or housing are provided with a pressure relief port, and a quenching flame arrester is installed inside the pressure relief port. Wave-shaped energy-absorbing components are installed on the inner wall of the housing; these components are either continuous wave-shaped combined energy-absorbing components or raised single energy-absorbing components. This utility model's quenching flame arrester can effectively quench nearby flames in a timely manner, preventing flame spread and enhancing fire extinguishing efficiency and intensity. The quenching flame arrester located at the pressure relief port or exhaust port not only quenches the flames but also relieves or releases pressure. The double-layer housing plate enhances explosion resistance; the quenching flame arrester and wave-shaped energy-absorbing components jointly suppress flame spread and relieve explosion pressure; and the composite insulation buffer layer resists explosion impact and high-temperature conduction, ensuring cabin safety. It is suitable for emergency response scenarios involving aviation lithium batteries.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of aviation safety protection equipment technology, and in particular to a lithium battery thermal runaway insulation buffer fire extinguishing protection device. Background Technology

[0002] With the widespread use of lithium batteries in electronic devices, fires and explosions caused by thermal runaway in aircraft cabins are frequent. When a lithium battery or lithium-ion battery-containing electronic device catches fire due to thermal runaway, protective bags or boxes are typically used for isolation and fire extinguishing. However, when the lithium battery or lithium-ion battery-containing electronic device burns inside the protective bag or box, the flames can spread wildly. If not extinguished promptly, this can increase the fire's intensity or create greater risks. Chinese patent CN106621127A discloses a fire-resistant and explosion-proof emergency response box. The box consists of a three-layer structure: an outer layer of brushed aluminum alloy, a middle layer of flexible foam, and an inner layer of alumina. It is equipped with a filter-type exhaust port, which discharges smoke through a metal protective mesh or filter box. However, this cannot effectively block flame propagation, and high-temperature flames may leak out during an explosion, leading to secondary disaster risks. Furthermore, the middle layer is a single foam material, which is insufficient to dissipate the explosive impact energy and cannot withstand the thermal runaway and explosion impact of high-energy 18650 lithium batteries (≤300Wh). The existing protective boxes lack dedicated flame extinguishing devices at their pressure relief or exhaust ports and inside. This results in flames inside the protective boxes not being extinguished in a timely and effective manner, causing flames to spread haphazardly within the boxes. In some cases, the flames may even converge and intensify, or spread to other locations where scattered fragments of lithium battery-containing electronic devices are easily ignited, increasing the difficulty of firefighting. Furthermore, the flames may be released into the external area through the pressure relief or exhaust ports, causing harm. Utility Model Content

[0003] The purpose of this utility model is to overcome the technical problems pointed out in the background art and provide a lithium battery thermal runaway insulation buffer fire extinguishing protection device. A quenching flame arrester is installed at the pressure relief port or exhaust port, which can quench nearby flames in a timely and effective manner, prevent flames from spreading and scattering, and enhance fire extinguishing efficiency and intensity. The quenching flame arrester located at the pressure relief port or exhaust port not only plays the role of flame quenching, but also plays the role of pressure diversion or pressure relief.

[0004] The objective of this utility model is achieved through the following technical solution:

[0005] A lithium battery thermal runaway insulation buffer fire extinguishing protection device includes a box body and a box cover with a flip-up sealing cover attached to the box body. The box cover and / or the box body are provided with a pressure relief port, and a quenching flame arrester is installed in the pressure relief port.

[0006] To better realize this utility model, a quenching flame arrestor is installed on the box cover and / or box body, and a filter is installed on the pressure relief port.

[0007] Preferably, a wave-shaped energy-absorbing component is installed on the inner wall of the box. The wave-shaped energy-absorbing component is a combination of wave-shaped continuous energy-absorbing components or a single raised energy-absorbing component. The wave-shaped energy-absorbing component has an arc-shaped surface and a sound-absorbing energy-absorbing cavity located inside the arc-shaped surface. The arc-shaped surface of the wave-shaped energy-absorbing component has several quenching holes. The sound-absorbing energy-absorbing cavity of the wave-shaped energy-absorbing component is filled with sound-absorbing and flame-retardant energy-absorbing material.

[0008] Preferably, the quenching flame arrester is composed of several overlapping quenching structural units. Each quenching structural unit is formed by spirally rolling a quenching extension layer from the inside out or by sequentially attaching several concentric layer units from the inside out. The concentric layer units are formed by rolling the quenching extension layer into a ring shape.

[0009] Preferably, the quenching extension layer consists of surface layer A, surface layer B, and a flame guiding arc plate connecting surface layer A and surface layer B. The arc surface of the flame guiding arc plate is generally wavy or triangular zigzag. The flame guiding arc plate divides the space between surface layer A and surface layer B and forms a flame quenching channel.

[0010] Preferably, the flame quenching channels on the end faces of adjacent quenching structural units in the quenching flame arrester are staggered. The end faces of the first and last quenching structural units in the quenching flame arrester are equipped with end-side connectors. End-side connectors are installed between adjacent quenching structural units in the middle of the quenching flame arrester. The quenching flame arrester is connected in the length direction by limiting connecting rods to form a limiting cylindrical cage. All quenching structural units of the quenching flame arrester are located inside the limiting cylindrical cage.

[0011] Preferably, the quenching structure unit of the quenching arrester is externally covered with a connecting molded panel; the end-side connector includes an annular edge body and a plurality of end-side reinforcing beams connected to the annular edge body, and a gap space is formed between adjacent end-side reinforcing beams in the end-side connector, and all the gap spaces of the end-side connector are combined to form an end-side gap space; the annular edge body of the end-side connector has a plurality of end-side connection positions distributed thereon, and the end-side connection positions of all end-side connectors in the quenching arrester are corresponding in the length direction of the quenching arrester and are connected and fixed in series by limiting connecting rods.

[0012] Preferably, the top opening of the box has a sealing edge A, and the box cover has a sealing edge B that cooperates with the sealing edge A for sealing. The sealing contact surface of the sealing edge A has an annular sealing groove, and the sealing contact surface of the sealing edge B has a sealing protrusion that cooperates with the sealing groove for sealing. The sealing groove is filled with sealing rubber and / or high-temperature resistant foam material. The box cover is provided with a tempered glass observation window.

[0013] Preferably, the box body and / or lid are both made of double-layer box panels, which consist of a supporting structure layer and a composite heat insulation buffer layer. The supporting structure layer is made of high-strength aluminum, lightweight metal, or carbon fiber composite material and coated with a high-temperature resistant coating on the outside. The thickness of the supporting structure layer is 1-3 mm. The composite heat insulation buffer layer includes an impact-resistant layer and a heat insulation layer. The impact-resistant layer of the composite heat insulation buffer layer is located inside the supporting structure layer. The impact-resistant layer has a thickness of 5-30 mm, a density of 80-200 kg / m³, and is made of one or more of polyimide foam, ceramic foam, or silicone foam. The heat insulation layer has a thickness of 5-30 mm, a density of 50-400 kg / m³, and is made of one or more of high-silica fiber, ceramic fiber, aluminum silicate fiber felt, or aerogel composite material.

[0014] Preferably, a high-temperature resistant coating with a temperature resistance of not less than 1000℃ is provided between the inner side of the supporting structure layer and the impact-resistant layer of the composite heat insulation buffer layer, and a flame-retardant layer is provided on the inner side of the heat insulation layer of the composite heat insulation buffer layer, the flame-retardant layer being made of ceramic fiber cloth with a temperature resistance of not less than 800℃.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, this utility model has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

[0016] (1) The present invention has a quenching flame arrester installed at the pressure relief port or exhaust port, which can quench nearby flames in a timely and effective manner, prevent flames from spreading and spreading, and enhance the extinguishing efficiency and extinguishing intensity. The quenching flame arrester located at the pressure relief port or exhaust port not only plays the role of quenching flames, but also plays the role of relieving pressure or depressurizing. A filter is also installed at the pressure relief port or exhaust port, and the toxic gas is filtered through the filter before being discharged.

[0017] (2) This utility model can be used for both pre-emptive protection of items that have not experienced thermal runaway and post-emptive protection of items that have experienced thermal runaway. The items are placed in the box and isolated from the air for fire extinguishing, or fire extinguishing materials are placed inside the box before the items are placed for fire extinguishing. During the handling of items that have experienced thermal runaway, there will be no splashing of molten metal, flames or toxic substances, which effectively reduces the hazards of lithium battery thermal runaway accidents. The box of this utility model is equipped with wave energy-absorbing components inside. The flames generated by the combustion of lithium battery products that have experienced thermal runaway are quenched by the quenching holes of the wave energy-absorbing components and each quenching flame arrestor. If the lithium battery products that have experienced thermal runaway explode, the shock wave effect generated by the explosion reaches the wave energy-absorbing components and is divided and absorbed by the wave energy-absorbing components. If the flame is transmitted to the wave energy-absorbing components, it can be quenched by the quenching holes. At the same time, the sound-absorbing and flame-retardant energy-absorbing materials play the roles of sound absorption, energy absorption and flame retardancy.

[0018] (3) This utility model improves the explosion resistance by using double-layer box plates, suppresses flame spread and diverts explosion pressure by using quenched flame arresters and wave energy absorbers, and combines the advantages of foam energy absorption and fiber heat insulation by using composite heat insulation buffer layer to resist explosion impact and high temperature conduction, thus ensuring cabin safety. It is suitable for emergency response scenarios of aviation lithium batteries. Attached Figure Description

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the external structure of the quenching protection device in the embodiment;

[0020] Figure 2 for Figure 1 A structural diagram with the box lid removed;

[0021] Figure 3 for Figure 2 A partial sectional view of the structure;

[0022] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the layer layout of the preferred composite thermal insulation buffer layer in the embodiment;

[0023] Figure 5 This example illustrates a structural diagram of a combination of two quenching structural units.

[0024] Figure 6 for Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the structure of the assembled and connected molded panel;

[0025] Figure 7 for Figure 6 A schematic diagram illustrating the principle of series fixation via limiting connecting rods after assembly;

[0026] Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the side structure of the quenching and extension layer in the embodiment.

[0027] The names corresponding to the reference numerals in the attached figures are as follows:

[0028] 1 - Box body, 11 - Sealing edge A, 111 - Sealing groove, 12 - Bottom plate, 13 - Side plate, 2 - Box cover, 21 - Sealing edge B, 22 - Cover plate, 23 - Hinge, 3 - Pressure relief port, 4 - Metal buckle, 5 - Tempered glass observation window, 6 - Handle, 7 - Wave energy absorber, 8 - Quenching flame arrester, 9 - Quenching structure unit, 91 - Quenching extension layer, 911 - Surface layer A, 912 - Surface layer B, 913 - Flame guiding arc plate, 10 - End side connector, 101 - End side gap space, 102 - Annular edge body, 103 - End side reinforcing beam, 104 - End side connection position, 1041 - Limiting connecting rod, 14 - Flame retardant layer, 15 - Heat insulation layer, 16 - Impact resistant layer, 17 - High temperature resistant coating, 18 - Connecting molded panel. Detailed Implementation

[0029] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments:

[0030] Example

[0031] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, a lithium battery thermal runaway insulation and buffer fire extinguishing protection device includes a housing 1 and a flip-up, sealing cover 2 that fits onto the housing 1. The cover 2 is flip-up connected to the housing 1 via several hinges 23. The cover 2 and / or the housing 1 are provided with a pressure relief port 3 or an exhaust port. A quenching flame arrester 8 is installed inside the pressure relief port 3 or the exhaust port. Preferably, the pressure relief port 3 is equipped with a filter, which is used to filter out toxic gases or toxic substances. The housing 1 and / or the cover 2 of this utility model are both made of double-layer housing plates. The double-layer housing plates consist of a supporting structure layer and a composite heat insulation buffer layer. The supporting structure layer is made of high-strength aluminum, lightweight metal, or carbon fiber composite material and is coated on the outside with a high-temperature resistant coating that can withstand temperatures of not less than 600℃ (i.e., the high-temperature resistant coating is located on the outer side of the quenching protection device of this utility model). The thickness of the supporting structure layer is 1-3mm. The supporting structure layer provides mechanical structural support and external protection. The composite thermal insulation buffer layer includes an impact-resistant layer 16 and a thermal insulation layer 15. The impact-resistant layer 16 is located inside the supporting structure layer (i.e., the supporting structure layer is located on one side inside the housing 1). The impact-resistant layer 16 has a thickness of 5-30 mm, a density of 80-200 kg / m³, and is made of one or more of polyimide foam, ceramic foam, or silicone foam. The thermal insulation layer 15 has a thickness of 5-30 mm, a density of 50-400 kg / m³, and is made of one or more of high-silica fibers, ceramic fibers, aluminosilicate fiber felt, or aerogel composite materials. The impact-resistant layer 16 is mainly used to absorb explosive impact energy and provide thermal insulation.

[0032] In some embodiments, a high-temperature resistant coating 17 with a temperature resistance of not less than 1000°C is further provided between the inner side of the supporting structure layer and the impact-resistant layer 16 of the composite heat insulation buffer layer. A flame-retardant layer 14 is also provided inside the heat insulation layer 15 of the composite heat insulation buffer layer. The flame-retardant layer 14 is made of ceramic fiber cloth with a temperature resistance of not less than 800°C, and the flame-retardant layer 14 serves to block high-temperature conduction. Figure 4As shown, the preferred composite thermal insulation buffer layer is manufactured in four layers: a high-temperature resistant coating 17, an impact-resistant layer 16, a thermal insulation layer 15, and a flame-retardant layer 14. The high-temperature resistant coating 17 is located on one side of the supporting structure layer, and the flame-retardant layer 14 is located on the inside side of the housing 1. In this embodiment, the composite thermal insulation buffer layer is preferably bonded layer by layer using a high-temperature resistant adhesive, with a total thickness of 15-60 mm. Preferably, the supporting structural layer (e.g., an aluminum shell) withstands external mechanical impacts (such as collisions during handling), and the surface ceramic coating blocks direct burning by external flames; the inner composite heat insulation buffer layer and the flame-retardant layer (ceramic fiber cloth) inhibit the penetration of flames inward at the first moment, with a temperature resistance of ≥800℃; the low thermal conductivity (≤0.05W / m・K) of the heat insulation layer (aluminum silicate fiber felt, etc.) blocks heat conduction, keeping the outer surface temperature of the box ≤70℃ (when the internal temperature is 1000℃); the impact-resistant layer (polyimide foam, etc.) absorbs the energy of the explosive shock wave (such as the impact energy of a 300Wh 18650 lithium battery explosion) through material compression deformation; and the high-temperature resistant coating (silicon carbide) forms a ceramic protective layer at extreme high temperatures to prevent the inner layer material from melting and failing.

[0033] This invention features a quenched flame arrester 8 that effectively blocks flame propagation, alleviates explosion pressure, and significantly improves safety. It can withstand the thermal runaway impact of a 300Wh lithium battery without flame leakage. The invention is constructed with two layers: a composite heat-insulating buffer layer and a supporting structure layer. The supporting structure layer provides structural support. The composite heat-insulating buffer layer comprises an impact-resistant layer 16, a heat-insulating layer 15, a flame-retardant layer 14, and a high-temperature resistant coating 17, enhancing structural toughness, absorbing shock waves, and exhibiting excellent explosion-proof performance. It can withstand the combustion and explosion impact pressure of a 300Wh 18650 lithium battery undergoing thermal runaway. Testing showed that neither the housing 1 nor the cover 2 broke, demonstrating excellent protection. The composite heat-insulating buffer layer blocks high-temperature conduction, absorbs shock waves, and blocks high-temperature propagation. The synergistic effect of the two layers extends emergency response time. When subjected to the thermal runaway impact of a 300Wh lithium battery, with an internal temperature of 1000℃, the temperature of the outer surface of the housing (excluding the flame arrester and a 10cm radius around it) does not exceed 70℃.

[0034] In some embodiments, a quenching flame arrester 8 is installed on the cover 2 and / or the box body 1. The quenching flame arrester 8 is installed on the inner side wall of the cover 2 and / or the box body 1. The quenching flame arrester 8 is not necessarily installed at the pressure relief port 3 or the exhaust port. It can also be directly installed on the inner side wall of the cover 2 and / or the box body 1, and flame quenching treatment is performed at different positions inside the box body 1.

[0035] In some embodiments, see Figure 3 Wave energy-absorbing components 7 are installed on the inner wall of the housing 1. The housing 1 is formed by the bottom plate 12 and the side plates 13, creating a receiving cavity with an open top. Figure 2As shown, the enclosure 1 is generally rectangular in shape (i.e., it has a rectangular prism-shaped accommodating chamber). Thus, the side panels 13 have a total of four: front, back, left, and right. The wave-shaped energy absorbers 7 are mainly installed on the side panels 13 of the enclosure 1, with a small number also installed on the bottom plate 12. The wave-shaped energy absorbers 7 are either continuous wave-shaped combined energy absorbers or raised individual energy absorbers. The raised individual energy absorbers are arc-shaped raised units that protrude from the inner wall surface of the enclosure 1 and have sound-absorbing cavities on the inner wall surface. The continuous wave-shaped combined energy absorbers consist of multiple raised individual energy absorbers connected in an undulating arc shape. The wave-shaped energy absorbers 7 can be detachably fixed to the inner wall of the enclosure 1 by screws or adhesive. The wave-shaped energy absorbers 7 are preferably made of aluminum or other lightweight metals or carbon fiber composite materials. The wave-shaped energy absorber 7 has an arc-shaped surface and a sound-absorbing cavity located inside the arc-shaped surface. The sound-absorbing cavity is the space between the arc-shaped surface of the wave-shaped energy absorber 7 and the inner wall of the housing 1. The arc-shaped surface of the wave-shaped energy absorber 7 has several quenching holes. The sound-absorbing cavity of the wave-shaped energy absorber 7 is filled with sound-absorbing and flame-retardant energy-absorbing material, such as glass wool (mainly responsible for sound absorption), carbon fiber reinforced resin matrix composite material (mainly responsible for energy absorption), and ceramic fiber (mainly responsible for flame retardancy) to form a honeycomb structure (i.e., the interior has a honeycomb porous structure). When an explosion occurs inside the housing 1, the shock wave effect generated by the explosion reaches the wave-shaped energy absorber 7 and is divided and absorbed by the wave-shaped energy absorber 7. If the flame is transmitted to the wave-shaped energy absorber 7, it can be quenched by the quenching holes. At the same time, the sound-absorbing and flame-retardant energy-absorbing material plays a role in sound absorption, energy absorption, and flame retardancy.

[0036] In some embodiments, the quenching flame arrester 8 is composed of a plurality of overlapping quenching structural units 9, such as Figure 5 As shown, in this embodiment, the quenching structural unit 9 is cylindrical in shape, with adjacent quenching structural units 9 overlapping along the height direction. The quenching structural unit 9 is formed by spirally rolling the quenching extension layer 91 from the inside out, and the quenching structural unit 9 is formed by tightly rolling the quenching extension layer 91 spirally from the center to the outside; alternatively, the quenching structural unit 9 is formed by several concentric layer units tightly attached sequentially from the inside out, and the concentric layer units are rolled into a ring shape by the quenching extension layer 91. That is, the quenching structural unit 9 can be formed by concentrically rolling the quenching extension layer 91 into concentric layer units of different sizes, and then each concentric layer unit is tightly stacked sequentially from the inside out. Figure 8 As shown, Figure 8This is a schematic diagram of the side or cross-section of the quenching extension layer 91. The quenching extension layer 91 consists of surface layer A911, surface layer B912, and a flame guiding arc plate 913 connecting surface layer A911 and surface layer B912. The arc surface of the flame guiding arc plate 913 is generally wavy or triangularly shaped. The flame guiding arc plate 913 divides the space between surface layer A911 and surface layer B912, forming a flame quenching channel. The space between surface layer A911 and surface layer B912 is the flame guiding channel, and the flame guiding arc plate 913 divides the flame guiding channel with wavy or triangular lines. After the quenching extension layer 91 constitutes the quenching structure unit 9, see [further details omitted]. Figure 5 The quenching structure unit 9 will form a honeycomb-shaped flame quenching channel in the cross-section. The honeycomb-shaped flame quenching channel guides the flame in and breaks, divides, and quenches the flame, enabling the flame entering the pressure relief port or exhaust port of the protective device to be quickly and effectively quenched. The high-temperature flame generated by the thermal runaway of the lithium battery enters the quenching flame arrestor 8 and is quenched by the honeycomb-shaped flame quenching channel (size ≤0.5mm), realizing flame quenching and pressure relief.

[0037] In some embodiments, the flame quenching channels on the end faces of adjacent quenching structural units 9 in the quenching flame arrester 8 are staggered, preferably staggered, that is, the flame quenching channels of adjacent quenching structural units 9 are staggered and not interconnected; however, non-staggered staggered staggers are also possible. The first and last quenching structural units 9 in the quenching flame arrester 8 are equipped with end-side connectors 10, and end-side connectors 10 are installed between adjacent quenching structural units 9 in the middle of the quenching flame arrester 8. The quenching flame arrester 8 is connected along its length by limiting connecting rods 1041 to form a limiting cylindrical cage, and all quenching structural units 9 of the quenching flame arrester 8 are located inside the limiting cylindrical cage. Preferably, the quenching structural units 9 of the quenching flame arrester 8 are covered with connecting molded panels 18 (the quenching structural units 9 of the quenching flame arrester 8 may be covered only with connecting molded panels 18, without using limiting connecting rods 1041, such as...). Figure 6 As shown; or it can be formed by combining connecting plastic panels 18 with connecting plastic panels 18, with connecting plastic panels 18 covering the entire exterior of all quenching structure units 9 of the quenching flame arrester 8, and then reinforced by all limiting connecting rods 1041 to form a limiting cylindrical cage on the outside). Figure 6 , Figure 7As shown, the end-side connector 10 includes an annular edge body 102 and a plurality of end-side reinforcing beams 103 connected to the annular edge body 102. A gap space is formed between adjacent end-side reinforcing beams 103 in the end-side connector 10, and all the gap spaces of the end-side connector 10 are combined to form an end-side gap space 101. The annular edge body 102 of the end-side connector 10 has a plurality of end-side connection positions 104 distributed thereon. All end-side connection positions 104 of the end-side connectors 10 in the quenching flame arrester 8 correspond in the length direction of the quenching flame arrester 8 and are connected and fixed in series by limiting connecting rods 1041.

[0038] like Figure 1 , Figure 2 As shown, the top opening of the housing 1 has a sealing edge A11, and the cover 2 has a sealing edge B21 that cooperates with the sealing edge A11 for sealing. The sealing contact surface of the sealing edge A11 has an annular sealing groove 111, and the sealing contact surface of the sealing edge B21 has a sealing protrusion that cooperates with the sealing groove 111 for sealing. The sealing groove 111 is filled with sealing rubber and / or high-temperature resistant foam material (preferably silicone foam). When the cover 2 is closed on the housing 1, the sealing protrusion of the sealing edge B21 is pressed into the sealing groove 111, and the sealing protrusion is sealed and wrapped by the sealing rubber or high-temperature resistant foam material. Through mechanical pressing, a high airtight seal is formed, which plays a role in high temperature resistance and sealing, ensuring good sealing performance and effectively preventing flue gas leakage. The lid 2 is equipped with a tempered glass observation window 5 (temperature resistant ≥800℃, capable of real-time monitoring of the internal fire situation). Through the tempered glass observation window 5, the internal condition of the container 1 can be observed (whether the fire has been extinguished or whether a localized explosion has occurred). The top plate of the lid 2 is a cover plate 22, on which the tempered glass observation window 5 is located. The cover plate 22 is equipped with a pressure relief port 3 (or exhaust port), and a quenching flame arrester 8 is installed in conjunction with the pressure relief port 3 (or exhaust port). Figure 1 As shown, a metal latch 4 is also installed between the lid 2 and the body 1 to securely lock the lid 2 and the body 1. Handles 6 are fixed on opposite sides of the body 1 for easy handling.

[0039] In use, hazardous materials for civil aviation that have not experienced thermal runaway (mainly lithium batteries or lithium-ion battery-containing electronic devices, such as laptops and other portable electronic devices) or lithium batteries or lithium-ion battery-containing electronic devices that have experienced thermal runaway are placed inside the enclosure 1. The enclosure lid 2 is closed and locked with a metal latch 4. Taking a lithium battery or lithium-ion battery-containing electronic device that has experienced thermal runaway as an example, the flame generated by the combustion of the thermal runaway lithium battery is quenched by the quenching holes of the wave energy absorber 7 and each quenching flame arrestor 8, reducing the spread of the flame. If the flame enters the exhaust port or pressure relief port 3, the quenching flame arrestor 8 in the exhaust port or pressure relief port 3 quenches the flame, preventing the flame from rushing out through the exhaust port or pressure relief port 3. At the same time, the flame is filtered through a filter to remove toxic gases before being released under pressure. If the thermal runaway lithium battery explodes, the shock wave generated by the explosion reaches the wave energy absorber 7 and is divided and absorbed by the wave energy absorber 7. If the flame is transmitted to the wave energy absorber 7, it can be quenched by the quenching holes. At the same time, the sound-absorbing and flame-retardant energy-absorbing material plays a role in sound absorption, energy absorption, and flame retardancy.

[0040] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present utility model and is not intended to limit the present utility model. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present utility model should be included within the protection scope of the present utility model.

Claims

1. A lithium battery thermal runaway insulation buffer fire extinguishing protection device, characterized in that: The device includes a housing and a flip-up sealing cover fitted onto the housing. The cover and / or the housing are provided with a pressure relief port, and a quenching flame arrestor is installed inside the pressure relief port.

2. The lithium battery thermal runaway insulation buffer fire extinguishing protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: A quenching flame arrestor is installed on the box cover and / or the box body, and a filter is installed on the pressure relief port.

3. A lithium battery thermal runaway insulation buffer fire extinguishing protection device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The inner wall of the box is equipped with wave-shaped energy-absorbing components, which are either continuous wave-shaped combined energy-absorbing components or raised single energy-absorbing components. The wave-shaped energy-absorbing components have arc-shaped surface walls and sound-absorbing energy-absorbing cavities located inside the arc-shaped surface walls. The arc-shaped surface walls of the wave-shaped energy-absorbing components have several quenching holes. The sound-absorbing energy-absorbing cavities of the wave-shaped energy-absorbing components are filled with sound-absorbing and flame-retardant energy-absorbing materials.

4. A lithium battery thermal runaway insulation buffer fire extinguishing protection device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The quenching flame arrester is composed of several overlapping quenching structural units. Each quenching structural unit is formed by spirally rolling a quenching extension layer from the inside out or by sequentially attaching several concentric layer units from the inside out. The concentric layer units are formed by rolling the quenching extension layer into a ring shape.

5. A lithium battery thermal runaway insulation buffer fire extinguishing protection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The quenching extension layer consists of surface layer A, surface layer B, and a flame guiding arc plate connecting surface layer A and surface layer B. The arc surface of the flame guiding arc plate is generally wavy or triangular zigzag. The flame guiding arc plate divides the space between surface layer A and surface layer B and forms a flame quenching channel.

6. A lithium battery thermal runaway insulation buffer fire extinguishing protection device according to claim 4, characterized in that: The flame quenching channels on the end faces of adjacent quenching structural units in the quenching flame arrester are staggered. The end faces of the first and last quenching structural units in the quenching flame arrester are equipped with end-side connectors. End-side connectors are installed between adjacent quenching structural units in the middle of the quenching flame arrester. The quenching flame arrester is connected in the length direction by limiting connecting rods to form a limiting cylindrical cage. All quenching structural units of the quenching flame arrester are located inside the limiting cylindrical cage.

7. A lithium battery thermal runaway insulation buffer fire extinguishing protection device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The quenching structure of the quenching arrester is externally covered with a connecting molded panel; the end-side connector includes an annular edge body and several end-side reinforcing beams connected to the annular edge body, and a gap space is formed between adjacent end-side reinforcing beams in the end-side connector, and all the gap spaces of the end-side connector are combined to form an end-side gap space; the annular edge body of the end-side connector has several end-side connection positions distributed thereon, and the end-side connection positions of all end-side connectors in the quenching arrester are corresponding in the length direction of the quenching arrester and are connected and fixed in series by limiting connecting rods.

8. A lithium battery thermal runaway insulation buffer fire extinguishing protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The top opening of the box has a sealing edge A, and the box cover has a sealing edge B that cooperates with the sealing edge A to seal. The sealing contact surface of the sealing edge A has an annular sealing groove, and the sealing contact surface of the sealing edge B has a sealing protrusion that cooperates with the sealing groove. The sealing groove is filled with sealing rubber and / or high-temperature resistant foam material. The box cover is provided with a tempered glass observation window.

9. A lithium battery thermal runaway insulation buffer fire extinguishing protection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The enclosure and / or lid are both made of double-layered panels, which consist of a supporting structural layer and a composite thermal insulation buffer layer. The supporting structural layer is made of high-strength aluminum, lightweight metal, or carbon fiber composite material and coated with a high-temperature resistant coating on the outside. The thickness of the supporting structural layer is 1-3 mm. The composite thermal insulation buffer layer includes an impact-resistant layer and a thermal insulation layer. The impact-resistant layer is located inside the supporting structural layer. The impact-resistant layer has a thickness of 5-30 mm, a density of 80-200 kg / m³, and is made of one or more of polyimide foam, ceramic foam, or silicone foam. The thermal insulation layer has a thickness of 5-30 mm, a density of 50-400 kg / m³, and is made of one or more of high-silica fibers, ceramic fibers, aluminum silicate fiber felt, or aerogel composite materials.

10. A lithium battery thermal runaway insulation buffer fire extinguishing protection device according to claim 9, characterized in that: A high-temperature resistant coating with a temperature resistance of not less than 1000℃ is provided between the inner side of the supporting structure layer and the impact-resistant layer of the composite heat insulation buffer layer. A flame-retardant layer is also provided on the inner side of the heat insulation layer of the composite heat insulation buffer layer. The flame-retardant layer is made of ceramic fiber cloth with a temperature resistance of not less than 800℃.

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