An ammonia-diesel dual fuel blended homogenized pre-chamber system

Abstract

The utility model discloses an ammonia-diesel dual fuel blending homogenization precombustion chamber system in the internal combustion engine technical field, include: cylinder body and be located on cylinder body's main combustion chamber, precombustion chamber, feed spray head and fuel nozzle, be equipped with internal combustion engine piston in the main combustion chamber, be equipped with the first piston in the precombustion chamber and slide, be equipped with the drive rod for being connected with the first piston and the elastic support component for supporting drive rod on the cylinder body, the first piston is pressed to the mixed gas that enters to the precombustion chamber to the elastic support component of the application to drive rod support, can when the engine low load operation, ammonia-air mixed gas that enters the precombustion chamber is actively applied additional compression effect, effectively compensate the problem that the scavenging pressure is insufficient under the low load working condition of the whole cylinder pressure deviation low caused, form the mixed environment that is more favorable to ignition and flame development to ensure the reliability and stability of diesel pilot ignition process.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This utility model relates to the field of internal combustion engines, specifically to an ammonia-diesel dual-fuel blending homogenized pre-combustion chamber system. Background Technology

[0002] With the continuous development of internal combustion engine technology and increasingly stringent emission regulations, the development of efficient and clean new combustion technologies has become a research hotspot. Ammonia, as a zero-carbon fuel (its combustion products are mainly nitrogen and water), has great potential for achieving deep decarbonization in the transportation sector. However, the slow combustion speed, high ignition energy, and narrow combustible range of ammonia limit its direct application in internal combustion engines. Therefore, the ammonia-diesel dual-fuel combustion mode using diesel ignition has become a feasible technical approach. By injecting diesel into the pre-combustion chamber for ignition, and then igniting the ammonia-air mixture in the main combustion chamber by the flame jet in the pre-combustion chamber, the combustion stability and efficiency of ammonia fuel can be effectively improved.

[0003] In existing ammonia-diesel dual-fuel pre-combustion chamber systems, a fixed pre-combustion chamber design is typically used, and its internal pressure cannot be adjusted during operation. This design can achieve good combustion organization and energy release under high-load conditions, but under low-load conditions, the overall engine operating pressure is lower, and the average pressure and temperature in the cylinder drop significantly. This results in a reduction in the amount of ammonia-air mixture entering the pre-combustion chamber, a lower mixture concentration, and difficulty in forming an ideal combustible mixture environment. This directly leads to difficulty in diesel ignition or a weakening of the flame jet energy after ignition, which in turn affects the ignition efficiency and combustion stability of ammonia fuel in the main combustion chamber. Utility Model Content

[0004] The purpose of this invention is to provide an ammonia-diesel dual-fuel blended homogenized pre-combustion chamber system, which solves the problem of existing fixed-structure pre-combustion chamber design.

[0005] This utility model achieves the above-mentioned objective through the following technical solution: an ammonia-diesel dual-fuel blending homogenization pre-combustion chamber system, comprising: a cylinder block and a main combustion chamber, a pre-combustion chamber, a feed nozzle and a fuel nozzle disposed on the cylinder block, wherein an internal combustion engine piston is disposed in the main combustion chamber, a first piston is slidably disposed in the pre-combustion chamber, and a drive rod for connecting to the first piston and an elastic support assembly for supporting the drive rod are disposed on the cylinder block, wherein the elastic support assembly is used to support the drive rod so that the first piston pressurizes the mixture entering the pre-combustion chamber.

[0006] Preferably, the elastic support assembly includes a kit, a second piston slidably disposed within the kit, and an elastic element connected to the second piston, wherein the drive rod is connected to the second piston.

[0007] Preferably, a third piston is slidably disposed within the kit, and the end of the elastic element away from the second piston is connected to the third piston. A liquid supply pipe is connected to the kit, and a liquid supply tank is connected to the liquid supply pipe. The liquid supply tank is used to fill the kit with liquid so that the third piston applies pressure to the elastic element. A first solenoid valve is disposed on the liquid supply pipe.

[0008] Preferably, the kit is connected to the storage tank via a conduit, the conduit is equipped with a second solenoid valve, the kit is equipped with a pressure sensor for detecting liquid pressure, and the elastic support assembly further includes a controller, which controls the second solenoid valve to open when the pressure sensor detects that the liquid pressure in the kit is greater than a threshold.

[0009] Preferably, a pressure-reducing pipe is provided between the storage tank and the kit; The pressure-reducing pipe includes a first pipe body connected to the kit and a second pipe body connected to the storage tank. The inner diameter of the second pipe body is larger than the inner diameter of the first pipe body. A stop block for blocking the first pipe body and an elastic reset member connected to the stop block are slidably provided in the second pipe body.

[0010] Preferably, the storage tank is located above the kit, and a return pipe is provided between the storage tank and the kit.

[0011] Preferably, the return pipe is equipped with a one-way valve.

[0012] Preferably, the kit includes a liquid level sensor for detecting liquid level, and the controller controls the first solenoid valve to open when the liquid level sensor detects that the liquid level is below a threshold.

[0013] Preferably, sealing rings are fitted on the outer walls of the first piston, the second piston, and the third piston.

[0014] The beneficial effects of this invention are as follows: by supporting the drive rod with an elastic support component, the first piston applies pressure to the air-fuel mixture entering the pre-combustion chamber. When the engine is running at low load, it can actively apply additional compression to the ammonia-air mixture entering the pre-combustion chamber, effectively compensating for the insufficient scavenging pressure caused by the low overall cylinder pressure under low load conditions. This significantly improves the charge and pressure level of the air-fuel mixture in the pre-combustion chamber, creating a more favorable mixing environment for ignition and flame development, thereby ensuring the reliability and stability of the diesel ignition process. Attached Figure Description

[0015] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the ammonia-diesel dual-fuel blending homogenization pre-combustion chamber system of this utility model; Figure 2 This is a cross-sectional view of the elastic support component of this utility model; Figure 3This utility model Figure 2 Enlarged schematic diagram of the structure at point A in the middle; Figure 4 This is a cross-sectional view of the pressure-reducing pipe of this utility model; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the connection structure between the second piston and the sealing ring of this utility model.

[0016] In the diagram: 1. Cylinder block; 2. Main combustion chamber; 3. Internal combustion engine piston; 4. Feed nozzle; 5. Pre-combustion chamber; 6. Fuel nozzle; 7. First piston; 8. Drive rod; 9. Elastic support assembly; 901. Kit; 902. Second piston; 903. Elastic element; 904. Third piston; 905. First solenoid valve; 906. Liquid supply pipe; 907. Conduit; 908. Storage tank; 909. Controller; 910. Pressure sensor; 911. Liquid level sensor; 912. Second solenoid valve; 913. Pressure reducing pipe; 9131. First pipe body; 9132. Second pipe body; 9133. Stop; 9134. Elastic reset element; 914. Return pipe; 915. Check valve; 916. Sealing ring. Detailed Implementation

[0017] The present application will now be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be noted that the following specific embodiments are only used to further illustrate the present application and should not be construed as limiting the scope of protection of the present application. Those skilled in the art can make some non-essential improvements and adjustments to the present application based on the above application content.

[0018] Example 1 Please see Figure 1 A dual-fuel blending homogenized pre-combustion chamber system for ammonia and diesel includes: a cylinder block 1, a main combustion chamber 2 and a pre-combustion chamber 5 are provided in the cylinder block 1, the pre-combustion chamber 5 is located above the main combustion chamber 2, and the pre-combustion chamber 5 and the main combustion chamber 2 are connected by a nozzle (one or more nozzles), an internal combustion engine piston 3 is slidably provided in the main combustion chamber 2, a feed nozzle 4 and a fuel nozzle 6 are provided on the cylinder block 1, the feed nozzle 4 is connected to the main combustion chamber 2, the fuel nozzle 6 is connected to the pre-combustion chamber 5, a first piston 7 is slidably provided in the pre-combustion chamber 5; an elastic support assembly 9 is provided on the cylinder block 1, a drive rod 8 is provided on the elastic support assembly 9, and the end of the drive rod 8 away from the elastic support assembly 9 is connected to the first piston 7.

[0019] It should be noted that ammonia gas mixes with air through the intake manifold to form a homogeneous ammonia-air mixture, which enters the main combustion chamber 2 of cylinder 1 through the feed nozzle 4. The internal combustion engine piston 3 moves upward, compressing the ammonia-air mixture, causing part of the mixture in the main combustion chamber 2 to be squeezed into the pre-combustion chamber 5 through the nozzle. Before the internal combustion engine piston 3 reaches top dead center, the fuel nozzle 6 injects a small amount of diesel fuel into the pre-combustion chamber 5 (through compression ignition or through the spark plug in the pre-combustion chamber 5), igniting the mixture in the pre-combustion chamber 5. The high-temperature and high-pressure gas in the pre-combustion chamber 5 is injected into the main combustion chamber 2 at extremely high speed through the nozzle, forming a strong turbulent jet, thereby igniting all the mixture in the main combustion chamber 2. When the mixture enters the pre-combustion chamber 5, the elastic support assembly 9 is used to support the drive rod 8 so that the first piston 7 applies pressure to the mixture entering the pre-combustion chamber 5.

[0020] In this embodiment, as a further optimization, please refer to... Figure 1 and Figure 2 The elastic support assembly 9 includes a kit 901, a second piston 902 slidably disposed within the kit 901, and an elastic element 903 (such as a spring) connected to the second piston 902. The kit 901 is mounted on the cylinder 1, and the drive rod 8 is connected to the second piston 902.

[0021] In this embodiment, as a further optimization, please refer to... Figure 2 A third piston 904 is slidably disposed in the inner cavity of the kit 901. The movement direction of the third piston 904 is the same as that of the second piston 902 and the drive rod 8. The third piston 904 is located above the second piston 902. An elastic element 903 is installed between the second piston 902 and the third piston 904. A liquid supply pipe 906 is connected to the top of the inner cavity of the kit 901. A liquid supply tank (containing liquid, such as oil) is connected to the liquid supply pipe 906. A first solenoid valve 905 is provided on the liquid supply pipe 906. The liquid supply tank fills the top of the inner cavity of the kit 901 with liquid, so that the third piston 904 applies pressure to the elastic element 903. By changing the amount of liquid injected into the kit 901, the pressure applied by the third piston 904 to the elastic element 903 is changed. Thus, the pressure applied by the first piston 7 to the mixture in the pre-combustion chamber 5 can be adjusted according to the needs to adapt to different usage requirements.

[0022] It should be noted that the height of the liquid supply tank is higher than that of the kit 901, so that when the first solenoid valve 905 is opened, the liquid inside the liquid supply tank can automatically flow into the inner cavity of the kit 901; a pump can also be installed inside the liquid supply tank to input the liquid inside the liquid supply tank into the kit 901.

[0023] In this embodiment, as a further optimization, please refer to... Figure 5The outer walls of the first piston 7, the second piston 902 and the third piston 904 are all fitted with sealing rings 916 to achieve a sealing effect.

[0024] Example 2 As a further optimization of Example 1, please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 The assembly 901 is connected to the storage tank 908 via a conduit 907. A second solenoid valve 912 is installed on the conduit 907. A pressure sensor 910 is installed inside the assembly 901 to detect the liquid pressure at the top of the inner cavity. The elastic support assembly also includes a controller 909 (such as a PLC controller). After the mixer is injected into the main combustion chamber 2, the pressure sensor 910 detects the liquid pressure inside the assembly 901. When the liquid pressure exceeds a threshold, the controller 909 controls the second solenoid valve 912 to open, allowing the assembly 901 to... The liquid at the top of the inner cavity enters the interior of the storage tank 908 through the conduit 907 to reduce the pressure provided by the third piston 904 to the elastic element 903, so that the pressure provided by the first piston 7 to the mixture in the pre-combustion chamber 5 is not too high (because the more mixture enters the pre-combustion chamber 5, the greater the compression of the first piston 7. At this time, the force exerted by the first piston 7 on the mixture under the action of the elastic element 903 is greater, which will limit the amount of mixture entering the pre-combustion chamber 5. By automatically reducing the pressure, the amount of mixture entering the pre-combustion chamber 5 is guaranteed).

[0025] It should be noted that when the pressure at the top of the inner cavity of the kit 901 is lower than the threshold, the controller 909 controls the second solenoid valve 912 to close, so as to prevent the liquid inside the kit 901 from continuously leaking out and causing the pressure provided by the first piston 7 to the gas mixture to continuously decrease.

[0026] In this embodiment, as a further optimization, please refer to... Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4A pressure-reducing pipe 913 is provided between the storage tank 908 and the kit 901. The pressure-reducing pipe 913 includes a first pipe body 9131 connected to the kit 901 and a second pipe body 9132 connected to the storage tank 908. The second pipe body 9132 is connected to the first pipe body 9131, and the inner diameter of the second pipe body 9132 is larger than the inner diameter of the first pipe body 9131. A stop block 9133 is slidably provided in the inner cavity of the second pipe body 9132. The stop block 9133 is used to block the first pipe body 9131. An elastic reset element 9134 (such as a spring) is provided between the first pipe body 9131 and the stop block 9133. When the liquid pressure inside the kit 901 is too high (overcoming the elastic force of the elastic reset element 9134), the stop block 9133 is... The liquid pushes the movement, releasing the blockage of the first tube 9131, allowing the liquid inside the kit 901 to enter the storage tank 908 through the first tube 9131 and the second tube 9132. When the liquid pressure inside the kit 901 decreases (the elastic force of the elastic reset member 9134 is greater than the pressure of the liquid on the stop block 9133), the elastic reset member 9134 drives the stop block 9133 to reset, re-blocking the first tube 9131 and preventing the liquid from entering the storage tank 908 through the pressure reducing pipe 913. The stop block 9133 and the elastic reset member 9134 cooperate to immediately release pressure when the internal pressure of the kit 901 is too high, and the dual pressure relief function ensures that the internal pressure of the kit 901 will not be too high.

[0027] In this embodiment, as a further optimization, please refer to... Figure 2 and Figure 3 The storage tank 908 is located above the kit 901. A return pipe 914 is provided between the storage tank 908 and the kit 901, so that the liquid inside the storage tank 908 returns to the top of the inner cavity of the kit 901 through the return pipe 914 (when the pressure inside the pre-combustion chamber 5 decreases, the pressure inside the kit 901 will also decrease). A one-way valve 915 is provided on the return pipe 914 to prevent the liquid inside the kit 901 from entering the inner cavity of the storage tank 908 through the return pipe 914.

[0028] Example 3 As a further optimization of Example 2, please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 A liquid level sensor 911 is provided at the top of the inner cavity of the kit 901. The liquid level sensor 911 is used to detect the liquid level at the top of the inner cavity of the kit 901 (the liquid level sensor 911 is used to detect the liquid level inside the kit 901 after combustion exhaust and before the next ammonia-air mixture enters the main combustion chamber 2). When the controller 909 detects that the liquid level is lower than the threshold, it controls the first solenoid valve 905 to open, so that the liquid supply tank replenishes the liquid at the top of the inner cavity of the kit 901.

[0029] The above-described embodiments are merely illustrative of several implementations of this utility model, and while the descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of this utility model patent. It should be noted that those skilled in the art can make various modifications and improvements without departing from the concept of this utility model, and these modifications and improvements all fall within the protection scope of this utility model.

Claims

1. An ammonia-diesel dual-fuel blending homogenized pre-combustion chamber system, comprising: The cylinder (1) and the main combustion chamber (2), pre-combustion chamber (5), feed nozzle (4) and fuel nozzle (6) provided on the cylinder (1), wherein the main combustion chamber (2) is provided with an internal combustion engine piston (3), wherein the pre-combustion chamber (5) is provided with a first piston (7), and the cylinder (1) is provided with a drive rod (8) for connecting with the first piston (7) and an elastic support assembly (9) for supporting the drive rod (8), wherein the elastic support assembly (9) is used to support the drive rod (8) so that the first piston (7) pressurizes the mixture entering the pre-combustion chamber (5).

2. The ammonia-diesel dual-fuel blending homogenized pre-combustion chamber system according to claim 1, characterized in that, The elastic support assembly (9) includes a kit (901), a second piston (902) slidably disposed within the kit (901), and an elastic element (903) connected to the second piston (902). The drive rod (8) is connected to the second piston (902).

3. The ammonia-diesel dual-fuel blending homogenized pre-combustion chamber system according to claim 2, characterized in that, The kit (901) is equipped with a third piston (904) that slides inside. The end of the elastic element (903) away from the second piston (902) is connected to the third piston (904). The kit (901) is connected to a liquid supply pipe (906), and the liquid supply pipe (906) is connected to a liquid supply tank. The liquid supply tank is used to fill the kit (901) with liquid so that the third piston (904) applies pressure to the elastic element (903). The liquid supply pipe (906) is equipped with a first solenoid valve (905).

4. The ammonia-diesel dual-fuel blending homogenized pre-combustion chamber system according to claim 3, characterized in that, The kit (901) is connected to the storage tank (908) via a conduit (907). A second solenoid valve (912) is provided on the conduit (907). A pressure sensor (910) for detecting liquid pressure is provided inside the kit (901). The elastic support assembly also includes a controller (909). The controller (909) is used to control the second solenoid valve (912) to open when the pressure sensor (910) detects that the liquid pressure inside the kit (901) is greater than a threshold.

5. The ammonia-diesel dual-fuel blending homogenized pre-combustion chamber system according to claim 4, characterized in that, A pressure-reducing pipe (913) is provided to connect the storage tank (908) and the kit (901). The pressure-reducing pipe (913) includes a first pipe body (9131) communicating with the kit (901) and a second pipe body (9132) communicating with the storage tank (908). The inner diameter of the second pipe body (9132) is larger than the inner diameter of the first pipe body (9131). A stop (9133) for blocking the first pipe body (9131) and an elastic reset member (9134) connected to the stop (9133) are slidably provided inside the second pipe body (9132).

6. The ammonia-diesel dual-fuel blending homogenized pre-combustion chamber system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The storage tank (908) is located above the kit (901), and a return pipe (914) is provided between the storage tank (908) and the kit (901).

7. The ammonia-diesel dual-fuel blending homogenized pre-combustion chamber system according to claim 6, characterized in that, The return pipe (914) is equipped with a one-way valve (915).

8. The ammonia-diesel dual-fuel blending homogenized pre-combustion chamber system according to claim 4, characterized in that, The kit (901) includes a liquid level sensor (911) for detecting liquid level, and the controller (909) controls the first solenoid valve (905) to open when the liquid level sensor (911) detects that the liquid level is below a threshold.

9. The ammonia-diesel dual-fuel blending homogenized pre-combustion chamber system according to claim 3, characterized in that, A sealing ring (916) is fitted on the outer wall of the first piston (7), the second piston (902) and the third piston (904).

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