Arrangement of a drive device and a locking device in an elevator system

Abstract

The following descriptions relate to an arrangement (11) of a drive device (6) for an elevator system (1) and a locking device (12) acting on the drive device (6), wherein the drive device (6) has a drive shaft (6.1) with at least one drive surface (9) arranged on the drive shaft (6.1) for a load-bearing element (5) of the elevator system (1), wherein the drive shaft (6.1) has at least one receptacle (14) for the locking device (12), wherein the receptacle (14) is designed to apply torque to the drive shaft (6.1) and wherein the locking device (12) engages the receptacle (14) to prevent rotation of the drive shaft (6.1). The following descriptions further relate to an elevator system (1), wherein the elevator system (1) is configured to form such an arrangement (11) with a locking device (12).The following descriptions also relate to a method (30) for the maintenance of the brake (10) of such a lift system (1).

Description

Technical field

[0001] The following descriptions relate to an arrangement comprising, among other things, a drive device for an elevator system, wherein the drive device has a drive shaft with at least one drive surface arranged on the drive shaft for a load-bearing element of the elevator system.

[0002] Furthermore, the following descriptions relate to an elevator system comprising an elevator shaft, a car movable in the elevator shaft and a counterweight associated with the car, a drive device, a load-bearing element connecting the car to the counterweight and guided via the drive device and at least one brake for braking the car.

[0003] Furthermore, the following explanations concern a procedure for the maintenance of a brake of an elevator system. Technical background

[0004] Elevator systems for transporting people and / or goods are an integral part of modern residential and commercial buildings. A typical elevator system comprises one or more elevator shafts, in each of which one or more cars are moved between landing positions by means of drive devices, such as suspension drives or linear drives.

[0005] In elevator systems with a load-bearing drive, the drive mechanism and / or the load-bearing element are locked by one or more brakes to stop the car at a landing position, thus indirectly locking the car and counterweight via the load-bearing element. The car can also be locked in any position within the elevator system for maintenance purposes in the same way. However, if maintenance requires releasing a brake, for example, for cleaning and / or servicing (e.g., lubrication), replacing a brake component, or replacing the entire brake, the car and / or counterweight must be locked in a different, more complex manner. One known method is to place the car and / or counterweight on a buffer, but the disadvantage here is that the buffer dictates the position of the car or counterweight.It is also known to install additional locking mechanisms for the elevator car and / or counterweight in the elevator shaft to secure the car and / or counterweight in a different position. This approach requires not only complex equipment but also a relatively long preparation time for maintenance work.

[0006] Given this situation, the task at hand is to simplify maintenance work that requires opening the brake of the elevator system. Description - Technical Solution

[0007] The present problem is solved by the features of the independent claims. Advantageous embodiments are specified in the dependent claims, the description, and the drawings. Where technically feasible, the teachings of the dependent claims can be combined arbitrarily with those of the main and dependent claims.

[0008] In particular, the problem is solved by an arrangement of a drive device for an elevator system and a locking device acting on the drive device, wherein the drive device has a drive shaft with at least one drive surface arranged on the drive shaft for a load-bearing element of the elevator system, wherein the drive shaft has at least one receptacle for the locking device, wherein the receptacle is designed to apply torque to the drive shaft and wherein the locking device engages the receptacle to prevent a rotational movement of the drive shaft.

[0009] The following sections explain advantageous aspects and subsequently describe preferred modified embodiments. Explanations, particularly regarding advantages and definitions of features, are essentially descriptive and preferred, but not limiting, examples. If an explanation is limiting, this will be explicitly stated.

[0010] According to the present understanding, an elevator system is, for example, designed with at least one vertical elevator shaft and at least one car, but can also have several parallel vertical elevator shafts and / or several cars, in particular several cars in one elevator shaft. A car is held at a first side of a drive device by a load-bearing element and driven via the load-bearing element, the drive device transmitting the drive torque to the load-bearing element via a drive shaft. A load-bearing element is in particular designed as a rope, belt, strap, chain or the like and carries tensile loads in the direction of its longitudinal extension. The load-bearing element is further preferably connected at a second side of the drive device to a counterweight associated with the car. A drive device is in particular located in a machine room above the elevator shaft or...The elevator shaft is located in the elevator shaft itself or in the upper section of an elevator shaft, known as the shaft head. An elevator shaft is a continuous shaft that extends, for example, over several floors of a building and has a cross-section designed for the passage of the elevator car.

[0011] A brake of the elevator system, which is designed in particular as a service brake, is arranged, for example, on the drive shaft, and may be designed separately from the drive device or integrated into the drive device. Such a brake comprises, for example, a brake body and a braking surface, which is either attached directly to the traction sheave or connected directly or indirectly to the drive shaft. To brake, the brake body is brought into frictional contact with the braking surface. Alternatively, a brake can also be designed, for example, as a positive-locking brake and may, in particular, be a parking brake of the drive shaft.

[0012] A brake on the elevator system can still act on the load-bearing element. A brake for holding the load-bearing element is designed, in particular, to clamp the load-bearing element under static friction or to hold it in a positive-locking manner. A brake can, for example, hold the load-bearing element to the elevator shaft, the car, or the counterweight. If a brake for holding the load-bearing element is provided at a deflection point, it can hold the load-bearing element directly at the associated deflection point or fix the load-bearing element in the immediate vicinity of the associated deflection point, so that in any case the load-bearing element cannot move relative to the associated deflection point.

[0013] An elevator system can have several identical and / or different types of brakes, designed redundantly for simultaneous use. Alternatively or additionally, an elevator system can also have several identical and / or different types of brakes, which are used independently of each other in different operating situations.

[0014] Insofar as a receptacle is designed for moment application, it forms, for example, a tangentially, axially decentrally and / or radially extending surface via which a moment can be applied by positive locking with the locking device, or has a contour or other surface suitable for force-locking on a circumferential surface via which a moment can be applied by force-locking with the locking device.

[0015] The solution to the problem with the aforementioned arrangement comprises the teaching that the locking device holds the drive shaft and consequently the load-bearing element in place without requiring the brake. The same or an equivalent holding force is then exerted on the car and / or the counterweight as with a brake acting on the drive shaft or the load-bearing element, and the car and counterweight are securely held in any desired position within the elevator shaft. The locking device can be of a particularly simple design, and no means for positioning the car or counterweight are required. In particular, the locking device can be of a very simple design, easily accessible, and readily mounted on the drive shaft, allowing for cost-effective manufacturing and quick installation.In particular, the locking device can be advantageously used to secure the car or counterweight in any position. For example, if the drive unit is located in the top of the elevator shaft, the locking device can be positioned on the drive unit from inside the car. This significantly simplifies brake maintenance overall.

[0016] The receptacle is designed, for example, as an axial bore in the drive shaft offset from the axis of rotation, as a tangentially formed surface on the cylindrical surface of the drive shaft, or as a radially extending surface, for example on an end face or another surface accessible in the axial direction, such as on a shaft shoulder of the drive shaft.

[0017] Alternatively or additionally, at least one drive surface on a drive pulley may be designed for a load-bearing element configured as a rope. Such a drive pulley has a relatively large diameter and is, for example, mounted on the drive shaft and held on the drive shaft by positive and / or frictional engagement. The receptacle for the locking device is then, for example, located on the drive shaft itself or on the drive pulley; the drive pulley is thus considered part of the drive shaft. A drive pulley has a contour, in particular a groove or several grooves, on its outer surface for receiving the load-bearing element configured as a rope. If the load-bearing element is configured as a rope, it may also be configured as a strand of several ropes.

[0018] Alternatively or additionally, the drive pulley can be designed with at least three radially extending ribs, with at least one rib forming the receptacle. In this case, the drive pulley has a low moment of inertia relative to a solid body due to the ribs, and the separate formation of a receptacle through an additional machining step can be omitted. Furthermore, a rib on the drive pulley allows for a relatively large moment input from the locking device.

[0019] Alternatively or additionally, at least one drive surface can be designed as a drive zone for a load-bearing element designed as a belt. Such a drive zone has a significantly smaller diameter than a drive pulley for a rope and can, for example, be located directly on the drive shaft by means of a corresponding surface design. The locking device can then, for example, engage the drive shaft in the area of ​​the drive zone(s), with the receptacle located on the drive zone(s) in the area of ​​the drive shaft's outer surface.

[0020] Alternatively or additionally, a collar may be formed on at least one side of the at least one drive zone, with the receptacle on the collar being designed as a tangentially extending flattening. The locking device then engages directly in the area of ​​power transmission between the drive shaft and the load-bearing element and is designed for particularly secure torque application.

[0021] In addition to the two alternatives described above, the receptacle can also be designed to axially accommodate a locking device, for example, a pin. This receptacle can be configured, for instance, as an off-center bore at one end of the drive shaft, with the pin extending into the shaft, particularly by engaging a fixed element. Locking by means of a pin in a direction other than the axial direction is also conceivable. Corresponding designs can also utilize a screw connection instead of a pin.

[0022] Alternatively or additionally, the locking device can be designed as a locking fork, specifically for gripping at least one rib or the collar. A locking fork can be arranged particularly easily on the drive shaft by sliding it onto the drive shaft or rib in the appropriate direction, i.e., in particular in the axial or radial direction. Locking the drive shaft can then be achieved with minimal effort, further simplifying brake maintenance.

[0023] Alternatively or additionally, the locking device can be designed to be supported against a frame or housing of the drive unit. In this case, the locking device is particularly simple and directly secured against rotation in the area of ​​the drive shaft, thus preventing the drive shaft from rotating.

[0024] The problem is further solved by an elevator system comprising an elevator shaft, a car movable in the elevator shaft and a counterweight associated with the car, a drive device, a load-bearing element connecting the car to the counterweight and guided via the drive device and at least one brake for braking the car, wherein the elevator system is configured to form a previously described arrangement with a locking device.

[0025] The brake is specifically a service brake for the elevator system, used to decelerate the elevator car during regular operation, for example, when stopping at a landing position. The brake can act, for instance, on the drive shaft or the suspension system. Preferably, the brake is located in the area of ​​the drive unit.

[0026] If the elevator system is designed to form the aforementioned arrangement with a locking device, this arrangement is intended specifically for brake maintenance, while the arrangement is not formed during regular operation. Therefore, the locking device is not located on the drive shaft during regular operation, allowing the drive shaft and consequently the elevator car to move freely and be braked if necessary.

[0027] The elevator system achieves essentially the same advantages as described above regarding the previous arrangement. In particular, the design of the elevator system allows the car and counterweight to be locked in place without the brakes being applied, in a simple and quick manner and without the need for complex and expensive additional equipment. This significantly simplifies brake maintenance.

[0028] Alternatively or additionally, the locking device can be designed to be supported against the elevator shaft. The locking device can, for example, be supported directly against a wall of the elevator shaft or – also as an example – indirectly against the elevator shaft, for instance, against a frame or housing of the drive unit that is fixed opposite the elevator shaft. The holding torque applied to the drive shaft by the locking device is then reliably absorbed or transferred.

[0029] Alternatively or additionally, the load-bearing element can be designed as a rope or belt. In this case, the drive shaft designs described above, with their corresponding advantages, can be achieved or implemented.

[0030] Alternatively or additionally, the drive unit can be arranged in the head of the elevator shaft. The solution to the problem according to the present disclosure is particularly advantageous because the arrangement of the drive unit with the locking device can be provided or set up particularly easily from the elevator car. For this purpose, a person can, for example, be on a platform on the roof of the elevator car or inside the car and, when positioning the elevator car in the area of ​​the head of the shaft, attach the locking device to the drive unit in just a few steps.

[0031] The problem is further solved by a method for servicing the brake of a previously described elevator system, comprising the steps: optionally moving the car into a position in the elevator shaft intended for brake servicing, stopping the car and the drive shaft by means of the brake, arranging the locking device on the drive shaft receptacle to prevent rotation of the drive shaft, opening the brake, servicing the brake, closing the brake and removing the locking device.

[0032] It is preferred that the sequence of process steps can be varied, unless a specific sequence is technically required. However, the aforementioned sequence of process steps is particularly preferred. The steps of opening the brake, maintaining the brake, and closing the brake are always performed in this sequence, whereby brake maintenance may include partial or complete removal and reinstallation.

[0033] The optional procedure for moving the elevator car can be used particularly when a specific car position is necessary or required for maintenance, and the car is not (yet) in that position. Otherwise, this step can be omitted.

[0034] Furthermore, the drive shaft must first be stopped by the brake in order to insert the locking device while the drive shaft is stationary, as otherwise there would be a risk of injury when inserting the locking device or a risk of damage to the locking device and / or the drive shaft.

[0035] The method achieves the advantages previously described regarding the arrangement and the elevator system. In particular, the method allows the car and counterweight to be locked in place without the brake being applied, in a simple and quick manner, and without the need for complex and expensive additional equipment. Brake maintenance is thus significantly simplified.

[0036] Alternatively or additionally, a method is designed for the maintenance of a brake of the elevator system located on the drive unit, particularly in the head of the elevator shaft. This method also offers the particular advantage that the arrangement of the drive unit with the locking device can be easily configured from inside the elevator car. For example, a person can be positioned on a platform on the roof of the elevator car or inside the car, and, with the car positioned near the head of the shaft, attach the locking device to the drive unit in just a few steps.

[0037] Alternatively or additionally, it can be arranged that brake maintenance is carried out from inside the elevator car. Securing the drive shaft and maintaining the brake can then be performed efficiently in a single, combined step, and therefore particularly quickly. Brief description of the drawings

[0038] A preferred technical solution is explained in more detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. The term "figure" is abbreviated as "Fig." in the drawings.

[0039] The drawings show Fig. 1a a schematic view of an elevator system in an embodiment relating to the present disclosure; Fig. 1b a detailed view of a drive device in the elevator system according to Fig. 1a; Fig. 2 a perspective view of an arrangement according to the present disclosure in a first embodiment; Fig. 3a a perspective view of a drive shaft in a drive device in an arrangement according to the present disclosure in a second embodiment; Fig. 3b a perspective view of an arrangement according to the second embodiment with the drive shaft according to Fig. 3a; and Fig. 4 a diagram of a process according to the present disclosure. Detailed description of the drawings

[0040] The described embodiments are merely examples that can be modified and / or supplemented in various ways within the scope of the claims. Each feature described for a particular embodiment can be used independently or in combination with other features in any other embodiment. Each feature described for an embodiment of a particular claim category can also be used accordingly in an embodiment of a different claim category.

[0041] Fig. Figure 1a shows an elevator system 1 with an elevator shaft 2 extending vertically V and a car 3 moving within the elevator shaft 2. For clarity, the elevator system 1 is shown with only a short section of the elevator shaft 2; however, the actual length is considerably greater, corresponding, for example, to the length of multi-story buildings or skyscrapers, and the elevator shaft 2 serves several landing positions (not shown). The car 3 is associated with a counterweight 4, which is connected to the car 3 via a suspension element 5, shown here purely as an example in a 2:1 configuration. The suspension element 5 is connected via a Fig. 1a Drive device 6 initially shown schematically, more precisely guided via a drive shaft 6.1 of the drive device 6, by means of which the car 3 is driven.

[0042] A drive device 6 is in Fig. 1b is shown in more detail. Besides the drive shaft 6.1, it comprises a drive machine 6.2, which is designed, for example, as an electric machine. A drive surface 9, designed as a drive zone for the load-bearing element 5.1 (here exemplified as a belt), is also formed on the drive shaft 6.1. The drive surface 9 can be formed by a corresponding drive pulley in the case of a load-bearing element 5 designed as a rope, as will be shown below with reference to Fig. 2 is described. A brake 10 also acts on the drive shaft 6.1, which acts directly on the drive shaft 6.1 and is designed as the service brake of the elevator system 1.

[0043] Fig. Figure 2 shows an arrangement 11 of a locking device 12 and a drive device 6 in a further embodiment, as also used in an elevator system 1 according to Fig. 1a can be used in a version with a load-bearing element 5 formed by several cables. The drive surface 9 is formed on a drive pulley 13 and forms a contour or several grooves for receiving the cables of the load-bearing element 5. The drive pulley 13 is mounted on the drive shaft 6.1, for example, by shrink fitting or by means of a key, and thus forms part of the drive shaft 6.1. Furthermore, the drive pulley 13 has several ribs 13.1 which form a receptacle 14 for the locking device 12. The locking device 12 is designed as a locking fork and engages a rib 13.1 on both sides, so that the drive pulley 13 and thus also the drive shaft 6.1 are secured by the locking device 12. The locking device 12 therefore exerts a holding torque on the drive shaft 6.1.The locking device 12 is further secured to a housing 15 of the drive unit 6, which is fixed opposite the elevator shaft 2, for example by screwing or clamping the locking device 12 to the housing 15 in a manner not shown in detail. The brake 10 is arranged on the drive unit 6 at the rear of the drive motor 6.2 and can be opened after the locking device 12 has been positioned on the drive shaft 6.1 or the traction sheave 13, without the drive shaft 6.1 being able to rotate.

[0044] The Fig. 3a and Fig. Figure 3b shows a further embodiment of an arrangement 11 for an elevator system 1 with a load-bearing element 5 designed as a belt. At the Fig. The drive shaft 6.1 shown in Figure 3a has two drive surfaces 9 designed as drive zones and a collar 16 between the drive surfaces 9. The collar 16 has a tangentially extending flat 17, which forms the receptacle 14 for the locking device 12, or together with a second such flat 17 on the underside of the drive shaft 6.1 (not shown). The drive shaft 6.1 also has a multi-toothed receptacle 18 for the drive motor 6.2 and a keyway 19 for connection to the brake 10. Axial bores 20 are provided at the ends of the drive shaft 6.1, which can also serve as an alternative receptacle 14 for a locking device 12 (not shown).

[0045] Fig. 3b shows the arrangement 11 with the regarding Fig. 3a described drive shaft 6.1. The locking device 12 is designed as a locking fork and completely surrounds the drive shaft 6.1 in the area of ​​the collar 16. The locking device 12 is further supported by cantilever arms 12.1, 12.2 on a frame 21 of the drive device 6, so that the locking device 12 secures the drive shaft 6.1 and prevents it from rotating, even when the brake 10 is opened for maintenance and / or partially or completely disassembled.

[0046] Fig. Figure 4 shows a method 30 for servicing the brake 10 of an elevator system 1 according to the present disclosure. In an optional first step 31, the car 3 is moved to a position in the elevator shaft 2 intended for servicing the brake 10, for example, directly below the brake 10 in a shaft head 2.1 (see Figure 4). Fig.1) Drive device 6. In a second step 32, the car 3 and the drive shaft 6.1 are stopped by means of the brake 10. In a third step 33, the locking device 12 is positioned on the receptacle 14 of the drive shaft 6.1 to prevent rotation of the drive shaft 6.1. In a fourth step 34, the brake 10 is released. In a fifth step 35, the brake 10 is closed. In a sixth step 36, the locking device 12 is removed to release the drive shaft 6.1 for regular operation of the elevator system 1. Reference symbol list 1 elevator system 2 elevator shafts 2.1 Shaft head of the elevator shaft 3 elevator car 4 Counterweight of the elevator car 5 Lifting elements of the elevator car 6 Drive device 6.1 Drive shaft of the drive device 6.2 Drive motor of the drive device 9 Driving surface of the drive shaft 10 Brake 11 Arrangement of the drive device and the locking device 12 Locking device 12.1 Cantilever arm of the locking device 12.2 Cantilever arm of the locking device 13 Drive pulley 13.1 Rib of the drive pulley 14. Drive shaft mounting 15 Housing of the drive device 16th fret on the drive shaft 17 Flattening at the ridge 18 Mounting for the drive machine 19 Keyway 20 bore 21 Frame of the drive device 30 methods for maintaining the brake of an elevator system 31 First step - Moving the elevator car into a designated position 32 Second step - stopping the car and the drive shaft 33 Third step - Arranging the locking device on the drive shaft mount 34 Fourth step - Opening the brake 35 fifth step - brake maintenance 36 sixth step - closing the brake 37 seventh step - Removing the locking device V vertical direction

Claims

Arrangement (11) of a drive device (6) for a lift system (1) and a locking device (12) acting on the drive device (6); wherein the drive device (6) has a drive shaft (6.1) with at least one drive surface (9) arranged on the drive shaft (6.1) for a lifting element (5) of the lift system (1); wherein the drive shaft (6.1) has at least one receptacle (14) for the locking device (12); wherein the receptacle (14) is designed to apply torque to the drive shaft (6.1); and wherein the locking device (12) engages the receptacle (14) to prevent rotation of the drive shaft (6.1). Arrangement (11) according to claim 1, wherein the at least one drive surface (9) is formed on a drive sheave (13) for a carrying element (5) designed as a rope. Arrangement (11) according to claim 2, wherein the drive pulley (13) has at least three radially extending ribs (13.1) and wherein at least one rib (13.1) forms the receptacle (14). Arrangement (11) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the at least one drive surface (9) is designed as a drive zone for a support element (5) designed as a belt. Arrangement (11) according to claim 4, wherein a collar (16) is formed on at least one side of the at least one drive zone and wherein the receptacle (14) is formed on the collar (16) as a tangentially extending flattening (17). Arrangement (11) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the locking device (12) is designed as a locking fork and is designed in particular to grip the at least one rib (13.1) or the collar (16). Arrangement (11) according to one of the preceding claims, wherein the locking device (12) is designed to be supported on a frame (21) or housing (15) of the drive device (6). Elevator system (1) comprising an elevator shaft (2); a car (3) movable in the elevator shaft (2) and a counterweight (4) associated with the car (3); a drive device (6); a support element (5) connecting the car (3) to the counterweight (4) and guided over the drive device (6); and at least a brake (10) for braking the car (3); wherein the elevator system (1) is configured to form an arrangement (11) according to one of the preceding claims with a locking device (12). Elevator system (1) according to claim 8, wherein the locking device (12) is designed to support the elevator shaft (2). Lifting system (1) according to claim 8 of 9, wherein the load-bearing element (5) is designed as a rope or belt. Elevator system (1) according to one of claims 8 to 10, wherein the drive device (6) is arranged in a shaft head (2.1) of the elevator shaft (2). Method (30) for servicing the brake (10) of an elevator system (1) according to any one of claims 8 to 11, comprising the steps: optionally, moving (31) the car (3) into a position in the elevator shaft (2) provided for servicing the brake (10); stopping (32) the car (3) and the drive shaft (6.1) by means of the brake (10); arranging (33) the locking device (12) on the receptacle (14) of the drive shaft (6.1) to prevent rotation of the drive shaft (6.1); opening (34) the brake (10); servicing (35) the brake (10); closing (36) the brake (10); and removing (37) the locking device (12). Method (30) according to claim 12 for maintaining a brake (10) of the elevator system (1) arranged on the drive device (6), in particular in the shaft head (2.1) of the elevator shaft (2). Method (30) according to claim 13, wherein the maintenance of the brake (10) is carried out from the elevator car (3).

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