THz-based combined communication and sensor system for smart city infrastructure

Abstract

A THz-based combined communication and sensor system for smart city infrastructure, comprising: a terahertz (THz) transceiver configured to operate within a predetermined THz frequency range, and comprising a signal generation unit, a modulation circuit, and a beamforming antenna array, wherein the THz transceiver is designed to transmit modulated THz signals to one or more wireless nodes and to receive corresponding reflected and scattered THz signals from surrounding objects using a common radio frequency front end;a waveform generation module that is functionally coupled to the THz transceiver and configured to generate a dual-purpose THz waveform that simultaneously embeds communication data and enables environmental sensing, wherein the waveform is structured to facilitate the extraction of signal characteristics, including at least one of the following parameters: channel impulse response, Doppler shift, arrival angle, propagation delay, and signal scattering parameters;an artificial intelligence (AI) processing module that is functionally coupled to the THz transceiver and configured to receive baseband signals corresponding to both directly received and reflected THz signals, wherein the AI ​​processing module is further configured to process the signals using one or more trained machine learning or deep learning models to extract environmental features, including at least one of the following: object presence, object distance, object velocity, object classification, pedestrian density, traffic flow, obstacle detection, and spatial distribution of objects;and a smart city control interface that is functionally coupled with the AI ​​processing module and configured to transmit the extracted environmental features to one or more external systems, including traffic management systems, autonomous vehicle platforms, public safety systems, or urban analytics platforms, and further configured to enable adaptive control of communication parameters, including beam direction, transmit power, modulation scheme, and bandwidth, based on the extracted environmental features, the system being configured to simultaneously perform high-speed wireless communication and real-time environmental sensing using the same THz waveform and a common hardware infrastructure without requiring separate sensing devices.

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