Assembly for locking two parts by a bayonet system, and corresponding method

Abstract

An assembly comprising a first part (12) and a second part (14) movable relative to each other in translation along a connecting axis (D) between a locked configuration and an unlocked configuration. The first part comprises one of a rail and one of a groove, and the second part comprises the other, the rail being configured to slide axially in the groove. The assembly includes a ring (16) rotatably mounted on the first part about the connecting axis, the ring having at least one pin (46). The second part defines a locking ramp (88), a first housing (90), and an unlocking ramp (92). The assembly (10) includes a return mechanism for exerting a restoring force on the ring to a rest position.The locking ramp and the first housing are configured so that a manual movement (D1) causes a first slip (G1) of the pin on the locking ramp, and an automatic movement (D2) of the ring angularly in one direction between the rest position and a first intermediate position, then an automatic movement of the ring angularly in the opposite direction from the first intermediate position to a locking position under the action of the return system, the pin being received in the first housing, the first housing defining a first axial stop (94) adapted to block the pin axially.The unlocking ramp (92) is configured so that a manual movement of the rotating ring in said direction from the locking position removes the pin from the first housing and causes a second slide of the pin on the unlocking ramp, the unlocking ramp reacting axially on the pin to move the first part and the second part away from each other from the locked configuration.

Description

[0001] The present invention relates to an assembly comprising a first part and a second part movable relative to each other between a locked configuration, in which the first part and the second part are partly nested within each other and locked to each other, and an unlocked configuration, in which the first part and the second part are spaced apart from each other.

[0002] The invention also relates to a corresponding locking-unlocking method.

[0003] Such a set is used, for example, to connect and disconnect two electrical cables.

[0004] Existing bayonet assemblies are robust but have questionable ergonomics. Indeed, the fact that a user sometimes finds it tedious to rotate the two parts to lock them together is sometimes considered tedious.

[0005] Document CN-A-110 571 591 describes an assembly in which the first part comprises a ring which can rotate about the connection axis and defines a groove. The second part comprises a pin adapted to slide in the groove.

[0006] Document US 3,470,524 A describes an assembly in which a ring 50 is mounted to slide axially on one of the parts.

[0007] An aim of the invention is therefore to provide an assembly as described above which allows locking as robust as bayonet assemblies, while presenting better ergonomics.

[0008] For this purpose, the invention relates to an assembly according to claim 1.

[0009] According to particular embodiments, the assembly comprises one or more of the features corresponding to the dependent claims.

[0010] The invention also relates to a method according to claim 10.

[0011] The invention will be better understood by reading the following description, given solely by way of example and with reference to the appended drawings in which: there figure 1 is a perspective view of an assembly according to the invention in the unlocked configuration, the figure 2 is a perspective view, from another angle, of the whole represented on the figure 1 , there figure 3 is a partial view of the first part of the set shown in the figures 1 And 2 , the ring being shown in transparency in its rest position, the figure 4 is a sectional view along a radial plane passing through the connection axis of the assembly shown in the figures 1 And 2 , there figure 5 is a partial view of the whole shown on the figures 1 , 2 And 4 , the pawn performing a first slide on the locking ramp, the figure 6 is a sectional view of the assembly, along a radial plane passing through the pin, the first part and the second part being in the configuration shown in the figure 5 , figure 7 is a detailed view of the assembly shown in the figures 1 And 2 , the ring being in the first intermediate position relative to the first part, the pin having almost completed the first slide on the locking ramp, the figure 8 is a radial sectional view of the assembly shown in the figures 1 And 2 , the first part and the second part being in the configuration shown in the figure 7 , there figure 9 is a radial sectional view of the assembly shown in the figures 1 And 2 , the first part and the second part being in the locked configuration, the pawn being received in the first housing, the figure 10 is a detailed view of the assembly shown on the figures 1 And2 , the pawn performing a second slide on the unlocking ramp, the figure 11 is a view analogous to the figure 10 , the pawn having completed the second slide along the unlocking ramp, and the figure 12 is a detailed view of the second part of a set constituting a variant of the set shown in the figures 1 à 11 , the second part defining an unlocking ramp having a more complex shape than that shown in the figures 1 , 7 , 10 And 11 .

[0012] In reference to the figures 1 à 11 , an assembly 10 according to the invention is described.

[0013] As visible on the figures 1 And 2 , the assembly 10 comprises a first part 12 and a second part 14 movable relative to each other in translation along a connection axis D between a locked configuration, shown in the figure 9 , wherein the first part and the second part are partially nested within each other and locked to each other, and an unlocked configuration, shown in figures 1 And 2 , in which the first part and the second part are apart from each other.

[0014] The assembly 10 also comprises a ring 16 rotatably mounted on the first part 12 around the connection axis D, and a return system 18 (visible in particular on the figure 3 ) adapted to exert a return force F1 on the ring 16 towards a rest position of the ring relative to the first part 12 (shown in the figures 1 à 3 ).

[0015] In the example shown, the assembly 10 has a symmetry of order 2 around the connection axis D, so that it also includes a second return system 20 ( figure 4 ) deduced from the recall system 18 by a rotation of 180° around the connection axis D.

[0016] In a variant not shown, the assembly 10 comprises only one return system, or else has a symmetry of order greater than two around the connection axis D, for example of order three or four. In other words, according to various variants, the assembly 10 can comprise one, three, or four return systems, or even more. The different return systems are deduced from each other by rotations around the connection axis D of angles equal to 360° / N, N being the order of the symmetry.

[0017] Advantageously, the assembly 10 also comprises an O-ring seal 22 ( figure 4 ) fixed on the first part 12 and adapted to ensure sealing, in particular against liquids and dust, between the first part 12 and the second part 14 in the locked configuration.

[0018] The first part 12 advantageously comprises a mark A and the second part 14 a mark B making it possible to align the first part and the second part during a connection phase of the assembly 10.

[0019] The ring 16 advantageously comprises a mark C making it possible to identify the position of the ring relative to the first part 12.

[0020] In the example shown, the first part 12 comprises a male electrical contact 24, and a first electrically insulating sleeve 26 surrounding the male electrical contact 24 around the connection axis D.

[0021] According to a variant not shown, the first part 12 comprises a female electrical contact, and the second part 14 a male electrical contact.

[0022] According to yet another variant, the first part 12 and the second part 14 do not contain electrical contacts. In this case, the assembly 10 only provides a mechanical connection of the first part 12 and the second part 14. The assembly 10 then serves, for example, to provide the connection between oil, water, or gas lines such as compressed air.

[0023] The male electrical contact 24 is located in a housing 28 defined by the first sleeve 26. The male electrical contact 24 extends axially. The male electrical contact 24 comprises an electrically conductive main portion 30, and advantageously an insulating end piece 32 intended to protect a user from any electrical contact with the main portion 30 in the unlocked configuration.

[0024] By "insulator" we mean here an element whose electrical resistivity at 300 K is for example greater than or equal to 105 Ω.m.

[0025] By "conductor" is meant here an element whose electrical resistivity at 300 K is for example less than or equal to 10-5 Ω.m.

[0026] The male electrical contact 24 is adapted to be electrically connected to an electrical cable 34 ( figure 1 ) axially inside the first sleeve 26.

[0027] The main part 30 defines for example a housing 36 adapted to receive the cable 34.

[0028] The end piece 32 is advantageously annular in shape around the connection axis D and fixed to an axial end 38 of the main part 30.

[0029] The first sleeve 26 is advantageously made up of several parts 26A, 26B, 26C, 26D and 26E fixed to one another.

[0030] The first sleeve 26 forms a rail 40 ( figure 2 ) configured to slide axially in a groove 42 of the second part 14 when the first part 12 and the second part 14 move from the unlocked configuration to the locked configuration.

[0031] According to a variant not shown, the rail 40 is formed by another portion of the first part 12, for example by electrical contact.

[0032] In the example shown, the first sleeve 26 comprises a wall 26E extending at least partly around the connection axis D and defining a lumen 44 ( figure 3 ) extending perpendicular to the connection axis D and crossed radially by a pin 46 of the ring 16.

[0033] The rail 40 is adapted to prevent rotation of the first part 12 relative to the second part 14 about the connection axis D when the first part 12 and the second part 14 move from the unlocked configuration to the locked configuration.

[0034] The ring 16 defines a surface 48 ( figure 6 ) radially inner relative to the connection axis D, and comprises at least the pin 46 already mentioned, the pin projecting from the surface 48 towards the connection axis D through the light 44.

[0035] In the example shown, the ring 16 also has a symmetry of order 2 around the connection axis D, so that it comprises a second pin 50 which is deduced from the pin 46 by a rotation of 180° around the connection axis D.

[0036] According to variants not shown, the ring 16 may comprise only one pin, three pins, four pins or more. The positions of the pins are advantageously deduced from each other by rotations of 360° / N, N being the number of pins.

[0037] The return system 18 comprises a groove 52 formed by the first part 12 (here more precisely by the wall 26E of the first sleeve 26), and a spring 54 housed in the groove 52.

[0038] The groove 52 is oriented circumferentially around the connection axis D.

[0039] The spring 54 has a first end 56 fixed to the first part 12, and a second end 58 fixed to the ring 16.

[0040] In the example shown, the spring 54 is adapted to work in compression and push the ring 16 towards its rest position relative to the first part 12, in which the pin 46 abuts against one end 60 of the slot 44.

[0041] The second part 14 comprises a female electrical contact 62 adapted to receive the male electrical contact 24 in the locked configuration, and a second insulating sleeve 64 surrounding the female electrical contact around the connection axis D.

[0042] The female electrical contact 62 is located in a housing 66 defined by the second sleeve 64 and is adapted to be electrically connected to an electrical cable 68 ( figure 1 ).

[0043] The female electrical contact 62 comprises an electrically conductive main portion 70 defining a housing 72 adapted to receive the electrical cable 68. The female electrical contact 62 advantageously comprises an insulating rod 72 projecting axially from the main portion 70 which, together with the second sleeve 64, prevents a user from touching the main portion 70 when the first portion 12 and the second portion 14 are in the unlocked configuration.

[0044] Advantageously, the main part 70 comprises a plurality of strips 74 extending axially and arranged angularly around the connection axis D.

[0045] In the locked configuration, the strips 74 radially enclose the main portion 30 of the male electrical contact 24, and the insulating rod 72 is received in a housing 76 defined by the main portion 30 of the male electrical contact 34.

[0046] The second sleeve 64 comprises several parts 64A, 64B, 64C and 64D fixed on top of each other.

[0047] The second sleeve 64 advantageously forms a collar 78, for example of square shape when viewed along the connection axis D, adapted to allow the second part 14 to be attached to a support not shown.

[0048] The second sleeve 64 comprises a wall 80 extending around the connection axis D and defining a radially outer surface 82 forming a radial recess 84.

[0049] The radial recess 84 opens axially on the side of the first part 12. The radial recess 84 has a curvilinear edge 86.

[0050] The curvilinear edge 46 forms a locking ramp 88, a first housing 90, and an unlocking ramp 92.

[0051] According to a variant not shown, the locking ramp 88, the first housing 90, and the unlocking ramp 92 are not formed by a recess, but by a notch provided in the second sleeve 64. The notch defines the curvilinear edge 86.

[0052] The locking ramp 88 is configured so that a manual translational movement (represented by the arrow D1 on the figure 5 ) of the first part 12 and the second part 14 axially relative to each other from the unlocked configuration to an intermediate configuration shown in the figure 7 causes a first slide G1 of the pin 46 on the locking ramp 88. The locking ramp 88 is also configured to cause an automatic movement (represented by an arrow D2 on the figure 5 ) of the ring 16 angularly in one direction relative to the first part 12 between the rest position and a first intermediate position of the ring shown in the figure 7 .

[0053] In the first intermediate position, the angular displacement of the ring 16 relative to the first part 12 passes through a local maximum.

[0054] The locking ramp 88 and the first housing 90 are configured so that a manual movement (represented by an arrow D3 on the figure 7 ) of the first part 12 and the second part 14 axially relative to each other of the intermediate configuration (shown in the figure 7 ) to the locked configuration allows automatic movement (represented by an arrow D4 on the figure 7 ) of the ring 16 angularly in the opposite direction relative to the first part 12, from the first intermediate position to a locking position (shown in the figure 8 ) under the action of the recall system 18.

[0055] In the locking position of the ring 16, the pin 46 is received in the first housing 90 which defines an axial stop 94 adapted to block the pin 46 axially relative to the second part 14 and prevent the assembly 10 from becoming disengaged.

[0056] The movement of the ring 16 from the intermediate position, shown in the figure 7 , to the locking position, shown in the figure 8 , is adapted to cause a movement D4' of the pawn 46 at the end of which the pawn 46 is received in the first housing 90.

[0057] In the example shown, the locking position of the ring 16 is substantially identical to the rest position. In other words, the passage of the ring 16 from the rest position shown in the figure 5 , at the intermediate position shown on the figure 7 corresponds to an angular displacement in the direction D2, while the displacement of the ring 16 from the intermediate position to the locking position shown in the figure 8 corresponds to an inverse angular displacement in the direction D4 relative to the first part 12.

[0058] The unlocking ramp 92 is configured so that a manual movement (represented by an arrow D5 on the figure 10 ) of the ring 16 rotating around the connection axis D relative to the first part 12 in the same direction as during the first sliding G1, from the locking position shown in the figure 9 , removes the pin 46 from the first housing 90, and causes a second sliding G2 of the pin 46 on the unlocking ramp 92, the unlocking ramp 92 reacting axially (force R2 shown on the figure 10 ) to move the first part 12 and the second part 14 axially away from each other from the locked configuration (arrow D6 on the figure 10 ).

[0059] The second sliding G2 of the pin 46 on the unlocking ramp 92 from the first housing 90 is adapted to cause an axial sliding G3 ( figure 9 ) of the seal 22 on a sealing surface 96 defined by the second sleeve 64 and adapted to cooperate with the seal in the locked configuration.

[0060] The unlocking ramp 92 is curved, and forms an angle α with the connection axis D which reduces as one moves away from the first housing 90.

[0061] The unlocking ramp 90 advantageously comprises a proximal portion 98 relative to the first housing 90, the proximal portion 98 forming an angle β less than 40°, preferably 20° with any plane P perpendicular to the connection axis D.

[0062] In other words, the unlocking ramp 92 has a proximal part 98 that is very inclined relative to the connection axis D, and therefore very slightly inclined relative to any plane P perpendicular to the connection axis D, so that the reaction R2 of the unlocking ramp 92 on the pin 46 is very strong at the start of the second sliding G2. Then the unlocking ramp 92 curves progressively until it becomes, in the example shown, almost parallel to the connection axis D in the vicinity of the position of the pin 46 on the figure 11 .

[0063] The operation of the assembly 10 is deduced from its structure and will now be briefly described.

[0064] Initially, the first part 12 and the second part 14 are for example in the unlocked configuration shown in the figures 1 And 2. The male electrical contact 24 and the female electrical contact 62 are disconnected. The electrical cables 34 and 68 are therefore not in electrical contact with each other.

[0065] Then, in a connection phase of the assembly 10, the user (not shown) moves the first part 12 and the second part 14 from the unlocked configuration progressively to the locked configuration shown in the figure 9 , passing through the intermediate configuration represented on the figures 7 And 8 .

[0066] The user aligns the markers A and B and a manual movement D1 is carried out ( figure 5 ) of the first part 12 and the second part 14 axially relative to each other from the unlocked configuration to the configuration shown in the figure 5 The rail 40 slides in the groove 42, which guides the translational movement of the first part 12 and the second part 14 relative to each other along the connection axis D and prevents rotation of the first part 12 relative to the second part 14 around the connection axis D.

[0067] Pawn 46, as shown in the figure 5 , comes into contact with the locking ramp 88 and performs the first sliding G1 on the locking ramp. The locking ramp 88 reacts on the pin 46 and causes the automatic movement D2 of the ring 16 from its rest position relative to the first part 12 to its first intermediate position shown in the figure 7 . During the first slide G1, the pin 46 moves into the slot 44 from the rest position also shown in the figure 3 , in which the pin 46 abuts against the end 60 of the light 44. During the first slide G1, the spring 54 of the return system 18 compresses.

[0068] The transition to the locked configuration continues by manually moving D3 ( figure 7 ) of the first part 12 in axial translation relative to the second part 14. This causes the automatic displacement D4 of the ring 16 angularly in the opposite direction relative to the first part 12, from the first intermediate position (shown on the figure 7 ) to the locking position (shown on the figure 9 ). In relation to the second part 14, pawn 46 makes the move D4' shown on the figure 7 and is received in the first housing 90. The ring 16 is then in the locking position. In this position, the pin 46 locks the first part 12 relative to the second part 14, because the pin 46 abuts against the abutment surface 94.

[0069] During the first sliding G1 and the movement D4' of the pin 46, the male contact 24 is inserted between the strips 74 of the female electrical contact 62 and an electrical contact is established.

[0070] In a phase of disconnection of the set 10, the user carries out the manual movement D5 ( figure 10 ) of the ring 16 in rotation relative to the first part 12 around the connection axis D. The first part 12 is locked in rotation relative to the second part 14 by the rail 40 located in the groove 42. This removes the pin 46 from the first housing 90 and causes the second sliding G2 of the pin on the unlocking ramp 92. The unlocking ramp 92 reacts axially on the plane 46 by applying the force R2 to it. The axial component of the force R2 is communicated to the first part 12 and moves the first part 12 away from the second part 14 axially from the locked configuration. This corresponds to the arrow D6 on the figures 10 And 11 .

[0071] Due to the curvature of the unlocking ramp 92, the disengagement force applied to the first part 12 is initially very strong and reduces as the second slide G2 progresses.

[0072] At the start of the disengagement movement, the pin 46 travels along the proximal part 98 of the unlocking ramp 92. The reaction applied to the first part 12 is then very strong and allows the sealing joint 22 to slide over the sealing surface 96 (see sliding G3 on the figure 9 ).

[0073] Then, when the seal 22 has left the sealing surface 96, the initially large disengagement force is no longer necessary. The pin 46 continues its travel along the remainder of the unlocking ramp 92 and arrives in the position shown in the figure 11 , in which it is located at the other end of the lumen 44 relative to the end 60.

[0074] The user can then perform a manual translation action on the first part 12 to continue moving it away from the second part 14.

[0075] Thanks to the features described above, the connection and disconnection of the first part 12 and the second part 14 are facilitated. The locking ramp 88 and the first housing 90 form with the pin 46 an “automatic” bayonet system, since it is not necessary to turn the ring 16 relative to the first part 12 to obtain locking. On the contrary, locking is carried out automatically thanks to the first sliding G1 then the movement D4' of the pin 46.

[0076] Furthermore, unlocking is easy, thanks to the cooperation of the pin 46 with the unlocking ramp 92. This cooperation creates a force for disengaging the first part 12 which is initially very strong, making it possible to overcome the friction of the sealing joint 22 on the sealing surface 96.

[0077] In reference to the figure 12 , we will now describe a second part 114 constituting a variant of the second part 14 shown in the figures 1 à 11 . The second part 114 is analogous to the first part 14. Analogous elements have the same reference numerals and will not be described again. Only the differences will be described in detail below.

[0078] The recess 84 of the second part 114 also defines a second housing 190 adapted to receive the pin 46 at the end of the second sliding G2.

[0079] The second housing 190 defines a second axial stop 194 blocking the pin 46 axially relative to the second part 114 in the direction of disengagement of the assembly 10.

[0080] The second housing 190 is further adapted to immobilize the ring 16 in rotation in a second intermediate position (which is approximately that shown in the figure 11 ) relative to the first part 12 when the pin 46 is in the second housing 190.

[0081] The second housing 190 is configured so that a manual movement D7 of the ring 16 in rotation around the connection axis D relative to the first part 12 in the same direction as the movement D4 shown in the figure 7 removes the pin 46 from the second housing 190 and authorizes the axial displacement D6 of the first part 12 and the second part 114 relative to each other towards the unlocked configuration.

[0082] When the pin 46 is received in the second housing 190, that is to say when the ring 16 is in the second intermediate position, the disengagement of the first part 12 axially relative to the second part 114 is temporarily blocked, until the user applies the movement D7 to unlock the ring 16. This unlocking movement causes a displacement D7' ( figure 12) of pawn 46 relative to the second part 114. At the end of this movement D7', the movement of the first part 12 and the second part 114 towards the unlocked configuration can continue.

[0083] Thanks to the second housing 190, the disengagement of the first part 12 from the second part 114 is temporarily interrupted. The user, after having imparted the rotational movement D5 to the ring 16, has time to grasp the first part 12 and then impart the reverse rotational movement D7 before manually retrieving the first part 12. This makes it possible to break down the disengagement into two phases and to better control manually.

Claims

1. Assembly (10) comprising a first part (12) and a second part (14; 114) movable relative to each other in translation along a connection axis (D) between a locked configuration, in which the first part (12) and second part (14; 114) are partly nested one inside the other and locked to each other, and an unlocked configuration, in which the first part (12) and the second part (14; 114) are separated from each other, wherein: - the first part (12) comprises one of a rail (40) and a groove (42), and the second part (14; 114) comprises the other of a rail (40), and a groove (42) wherein the rail (40) is designed to slide axially in the groove (42) when the first part (12) and the second part (14; 114) pass from the unlocked configuration to the locked configuration, - the assembly (10) comprises a ring (16) rotatably mounted on the first part (12) about the connection axis (D), the ring (16) defining a radially inner surface (48) with respect to the connection axis (D) and comprising at least one pin (46), the pin (46) projecting from the radially inner surface (48), - the second part (14; 114) defines a locking ramp (88), a first housing (90) and an unlocking ramp (92), and - the assembly (10) comprises a return system (18) to exert a return force (R1) on the ring (16) to a position of rest, the locking ramp (88) and the first housing (90) being configured so that a manual displacement (D1) of the first part (12) and the second part (14; 114) axially relative to each other from the unlocked configuration to an intermediate configuration causes a first sliding (G1) of the pin (46) on the locking ramp (88), and an automatic displacement (D2) of the ring (16) angularly in a first direction with respect to the first part (12) between the position of rest and a first intermediate position, and so that a manual displacement (D3) of the first part (12) and the second part (14; 114) axially relative to each other from the intermediate configuration to the locked configuration allows an automatic displacement (D4) of the ring (16) angularly in a second direction opposite the first direction with respect to the first part (12), from the first intermediate position to a locking position under the action of the return system (18), the pin (46) being received in the first housing (90) when the ring (16) is in the locking position, the first housing (90) defining a first axial stop (94) designed to block the pin (46) axially relative to the second part (14; 114), the unlocking ramp (92) being so designed that a manual movement (D5) of the ring (16) in rotation about the connection axis (D) in said first direction with respect to the first part (12) from the locking position, makes the pin (46) exit the first housing (90) and causes a second sliding (G2) of the pin (46) on the unlocking ramp (92), the unlocking ramp (92) reacting axially (R2) on the pin (46) to move the first part (12) and the second part (14; 114) axially away from each other from the locked configuration.

2. Assembly (10) according to claim 1, wherein: - the first part (12) comprises one of a male electrical contact (24) and a female electrical contact (62), and a first electrical insulating sleeve (26) surrounding said electrical contact about the connection axis (D), - the second part (14; 114) comprises the other of a male electrical contact (24) and a female electrical contact (62), and a second electrical insulating sleeve (64) surrounding said electrical contact about the connection axis (D), the electrical contact of the first part (12) being in electrical contact with the electrical contact of the second part (14; 114) in the locked configuration, and separated from the electrical contact of the second part (14; 114) in the unlocked configuration.

3. Assembly (10) according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the second part (14; 114) comprises a wall (80) extending at least in part about the connection axis (D), the wall (80) defining a radially outer surface (82) forming a radial recess (84), the recess (84) opening axially on the side of the first part (12), the locking ramp (88), the first housing (90) and the unlocking ramp (92) being formed by a curvilinear edge (86) of the recess (84).

4. Assembly (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the first part (12) comprises a wall (26E) extending at least in part about the connection axis (D), the wall (26E) defining a slot (44) extending perpendicularly to the connection axis (D), the pin (46) radially passing through this slot (44).

5. Assembly (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the return system (18) comprises a groove (52) formed by the first part (12) or the ring (16) and oriented circumferentially about of the connection pin (D), and a spring (54) housed in the groove (42), the spring (54) having a first end (56) fixed to the first part (12), and a second end fixed (58) to the ring (16).

6. Assembly (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the unlocking ramp (92) is curved, the unlocking ramp (92) forming an angle (α) with the connection axis (D) reducing as one moves away from the first housing (90).

7. Assembly (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the unlocking ramp (92) comprises a proximal portion (98) relative to the first housing (90), the proximal portion (98) forming a angle (β) less than 40°, preferably 20°, with any plane (P) perpendicular to the connection axis (D).

8. Assembly (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 7, further comprising at least one O-ring seal (22) fixed to one of the first part (12) and the second part (14; 114) about the connection axis (D), the other of the first part (12) and second part (14; 114) defining a sealing surface (96) designed to interact with the seal (22) in the locked configuration, the second sliding (G2) of the pin (46) on the unlocking ramp (92) from the first housing (90) causing an axial sliding (G3) of the seal (22) on the sealing surface (48) and an axial separation between the seal (22) and the sealing surface (48).

9. Assembly (10) according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein the second part (114) also defines a second housing (190) designed to receive the pin (46) at the end of the second sliding (G2), the second housing (190) defining a second axial stop (194) blocking the pin (46) axially relative to the second part (114), the second housing (190) being further designed to immobilize the ring (16) rotating in a second intermediate position relative to the first part (12) when the pin (46) is in the second housing (190), the second housing (190) being so designed that a manual movement (D7) of the ring (16) rotating about the connection axis (D) relative to the first part (12) in said second direction from the second intermediate position exits the pin (46) from the second housing (190) and allows an axial displacement (D6) of the first part (12) and of the second part (114) relative to each other to the unlocked configuration.

10. Method of locking-unlocking a first part (12) and a second part (14; 114) movable relative to each other in translation along a connection axis (D) between a locked configuration, in which the first part (12) and the second part (14; 114) are partly nested one inside the other and locked to each other, and an unlocked configuration, in which the first part (12) and the second part (14; 114) are spaced apart, the first part (12) comprising one of a rail (40) and a groove (42), and the second part (14; 114) comprising the other of a rail (40) and a groove (42), a ring (16) being rotatably mounted on the first part (12) about the connection axis (D), the ring (16) defining a radially inner surface (48) with respect to the connection axis (D) and comprising at least one pin (46), the pin (46) projecting from the radially inner surface (48), the second part (14; 114) defining a locking ramp (88), a first housing (90) and an unlocking ramp (92), a return system (18) exerting a return force (R1) on the ring (16) towards a position of rest with respect to the first part (12), the method comprising the following steps: - sliding of the rail (40) axially in the groove (42) while the first part (12) and the second part (14; 114) pass from the unlocked configuration to the locked configuration, - manual displacement (D1) of the first part (12) and the second part (14; 114) axially relative to each other from the unlocked configuration to an intermediate configuration, - due to said manual displacement (D1), first sliding (G1) of the pin (46) on the locking ramp (88), and automatic displacement (D2) of the ring (16) angularly in a first direction relative to the first part (12) between the position of rest and a first intermediate position, - manual movement (D3) of the first part (12) and the second part (14; 114) axially relative to each other from the intermediate configuration to the locked configuration, - due to said manual displacement (D3), automatic displacement (D4) of the ring (16) relative to the first part (12) angularly in a second direction opposite the first direction from the first intermediate position to a locking position under the action of the return system (18), the pin (46) being received in the first housing (90) when the ring (16) is in the locking position, the first housing (90) defining a first axial stop (94) blocking the pin (46) axially relative to the second part (14; 114), - manual movement (D5) of the ring (16) in rotation about the connection axis (D) in said first direction relative to the first part (12) from the locking position, and - due to said manual movement (D5), exit of the pin (46) from the first housing (90) and second sliding (G2) of the pin (46) on the unlocking ramp (92), the unlocking ramp (92) reacting axially (R2) on the pin (46) to move the first part (12) and the second part (14; 114) axially away from each other from the locked configuration.

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