Modular cultivation system and procedure for cultivating prokaryotic and / or eukaryotic organisms

Abstract

The invention relates to a modular culture system for growing prokaryotic and / or eukaryotic organisms using a nutrient solution (N) for the organisms, wherein the culture system comprises a series of culture modules (100) for receiving the organisms, which culture modules are interconnected to conduct the nutrient solution (N), and an extraction module (200), connected to one of the culture modules (100) for conducting the nutrient solution (N), for the controlled extraction of the nutrient solution (N) from the culture module (100).Each culture module (100) comprises: an outer container (110) through which the nutrient solution (N) flows in a flow direction (S); an inner container (120), located at least partially within the outer container (110), for receiving the organisms; and several connection devices (130) for connecting the outer container (110) to the outer container (110) of an additional culture module (100) and / or to the extraction module (200) for conveying the nutrient solution (N). The inner container (120) is permeable to the nutrient solution (N), and a nutrient chamber (115), through which the nutrient solution (N) flows, is located between the outer container (110) and the inner container (120). The extraction module (200) comprises an extraction control device (240) for controlling the flow of the nutrient solution (N) extracted from the cultivation module (100) by means of the extraction module (200).

Description

Technical field

[0001] The invention relates to a modular cultivation system for cultivating prokaryotic and / or eukaryotic organisms with a nutrient solution for the organisms. The cultivation system comprises a number of cultivation modules interconnected by conductive means for the nutrient solution for holding the organisms and a withdrawal module conductively connected to one of the cultivation modules for the nutrient solution for controlled withdrawal of the nutrient solution from the cultivation module.

[0002] The invention also relates to a method for cultivating prokaryotic and / or eukaryotic organisms in a cultivation system according to the invention. State of the art

[0003] Hydroponics is a form of plant cultivation that can be carried out with or without a substrate. The plants are supplied with a nutrient solution. This nutrient solution can be of mineral and / or natural origin and may come, for example, from co-culture with fish (aquaponics) or other sources (e.g., in building-integrated plant cultivation such as the inFARMING® concept of the Fraunhofer Institute for Environmental, Safety, and Energy Technology).

[0004] Aquaponics is the combination of aquaculture and hydroponics systems, forming a closed-loop system. The system works by using treated wastewater from the fish farm as a nutrient solution for the plants. A simple system was patented as early as 1985 (DD 240 327 A1).

[0005] In an aquaponic system, such as that described in EP 2 158 808 B1, only a portion of the wastewater from aquaculture can be used in treated form for plant production in practice, from an economic point of view. This means that a large part of the aquaculture wastewater still has to be disposed of, and at the same time, sufficient fresh water from external sources must be added.

[0006] Instead of using wastewater from a fish farm, the inFARMING ®< principle uses grey and black water recovered from buildings to be treated internally, and the resulting nutrient solution is used to supply plants (EP 732 457 B1).

[0007] Even though the above-mentioned cultivation techniques have already been optimized in many respects, they have disadvantages, particularly in relation to machine processing, flexibility of cultivation management, the necessary water flow rate, hygiene and sustainability in production.

[0008] A wide variety of hydroponic equipment and methods have become established on the market. Nowadays, there's a dedicated system for almost every crop. This has disadvantages, for example, if a producer experiences sales difficulties and wants to cultivate a different crop. Changing crops can necessitate a complete overhaul of the cultivation system, incurring high investment costs.

[0009] Generally speaking, hydroponic systems are based on a U-, V-, or O-shaped trough. A substrate bag or tube, or a substrate cube, is placed in or on top of the trough, providing a surface in which the plants can grow. Most systems include a collection system for excess nutrient solution, which is then recycled. Depending on the design, some or all of the plastic components may need to be replaced after each growing cycle.

[0010] A commonly used substrate with excellent technical properties consists of foil-wrapped mineral rock wool. However, after a typically single use, it must be disposed of as hazardous waste at considerable expense. Other inorganic or organic substrates do not offer the same performance range, decompose poorly, or can only be partially or not at all recycled, and they often also require foil wrapping.

[0011] Despite all the innovations in this field, many processing operations are still carried out manually. This costly manual labor can only be replaced by even more costly robotics.

[0012] The aforementioned technologies better meet the demands of a sustainable lifestyle and economy because they can be implemented almost anywhere, for example, on large inner-city rooftops or at industrial sites. Eliminating transportation routes reduces CO2 emissions when food is produced in urban areas where it is consumed. At industrial sites, this results in both climate and economic benefits, such as the use of waste heat to heat greenhouses.

[0013] The comparable hydroponic cultivation systems are Nutrient Film Technique (NFT), Deep Flow Technique (DFT), Deep Water Culture (DWC) and the ebb and flow method.

[0014] NFT is a closed trough system through which a constant, usually only a few millimeters thick, nutrient solution film flows continuously. Cutouts for plant pots are located at the top of the troughs. The plant roots extend into the flow of nutrient solution. This method is only suitable for smaller plants such as herbs, lettuce, and strawberries. A disadvantage is that the troughs can quickly become clogged by root growth, causing the nutrient film to break down. Furthermore, the nutrient film heats up rapidly in strong sunlight. Both of these factors often lead to irreparable drought damage or total plant failure. In addition, the roots are often not adequately supplied with oxygen, and due to the low overall water flow rate, the system is not suitable for aquaponics or greywater applications.

[0015] DFT and DWC systems typically consist of a trough through which nutrient solution flows. Either support structures for plant uptake are fixed at a defined distance from the water surface (DFT), or the support structures float on the water surface like rafts (DWC). As with NFT, the support structures have cutouts for pots. However, in DWC, the plant roots float freely in the water. To prevent rot and supply the roots with oxygen, additional energy is required for root aeration. Furthermore, plant parts and fruits can easily come into contact with the nutrient solution. This can be harmful to health if the nutrient solution or the treated wastewater is not microbiologically safe. Large plants such as peppers, tomatoes, or cucumbers are not suitable for the raft technique due to structural limitations.Due to the high surface weight of the systems, these techniques are not suitable for roof cultivation, as costly measures to strengthen the building structure are usually necessary.

[0016] All these methods share the common problem of generating problematic plastic waste. In most cases, complex special treatment of the waste is necessary, or separating the biomass from the substrates is simply impossible. Furthermore, handling individual plant pots and substrate blocks is labor-intensive and time-consuming, as planting is usually done manually. Separate disposal of organic and hazardous waste also involves greater effort and expense, not only in urban farming.

[0017] In the well-known hydroponic ebb and flow system, plants are usually rooted in a tray filled with clay or lava granules. This tray is flooded at intervals up to a fixed level, and then suddenly emptied via a siphon or valve when the maximum level is reached.

[0018] Under cultivated conditions, dead root or plant debris accumulates in the pores or spaces of the substrate because it cannot be removed. In soil, microorganisms such as beneficial microorganisms, springtails, or earthworms would decompose this debris. However, they cannot survive under these conditions. This leads to putrefaction and other uncontrollable microbiological processes. This not only impairs nutrient uptake and growth but also affects the stability of the plants.

[0019] Another problem is that the tanks are limited in size and water flow rate. The substrate significantly slows the water flow, restricting the throughput. At the same time, it prevents even nutrient distribution, resulting in uneven nutrient supply to the plants within the tank.

[0020] Publication WO 2001 / 083690 A2 describes a container garden system with elastic foamed polymer elements for planting and hollow root growth chambers. The containers are designed such that a chamber is provided on the upper side to support the polymer elements, and a chamber containing a nutrient solution and an air gap above it is provided in the lower part.

[0021] Document WO 2008 / 084323 A2 discloses a device for aeroponic and hydroponic cultivation. It comprises an upwardly open, box-shaped body. The nutrient solution is conveyed to the roots by means of delivery devices provided on at least one of the side walls.

[0022] The publication EP 2 441 325 B1 discloses a plant cultivation device with several plant containers, which include drainage and irrigation lines for water on opposite sides of the containers.

[0023] Publication WO 2016 / 147128 A1 discloses a floating plant propagation container that can be placed in an agricultural water tank. It features lower soil cell openings through which water can enter the individual soil cells of the plant propagation container.

[0024] Patent application US 2020 / 000051 A1 describes a modular tank system for aquaponics. Patent application US 2016 / 135395 A1 describes a modular hydroponic cultivation system. Patent application US 6,247,268 B1 discloses a modularly expandable hydroponic device. Patent application US 2015 / 237807 A1 describes a plant growth system comprising a container and an insert therefor. Patent application US 2008 / 302010 A1 discloses improved channeling for hydroponic or similar cultivation. Patent application ES 2,284,378 A1 describes an installation for hydroponic cultivation. Patent application US 9,149,006 B1 discloses a modular planting arrangement consisting of several U-shaped planting containers. Patent application EP 3,369,310 A1 describes a hydroponic nutrient cultivation system. Technical task

[0025] The object of the invention is to create a cost-effective, sustainable, robust and efficient cultivation system and cultivation method for organisms that is adaptable to different cultures and results in low land use. Technical solution

[0026] The subject matter of the present invention provides a cultivation system according to claim 1 that solves the technical problem. The problem is also solved by a method according to claim 14. Advantageous embodiments are described in the dependent claims. Description of the execution types

[0027] The invention relates to a modular cultivation system for cultivating, in particular hydroponically, prokaryotic and / or eukaryotic organisms, especially plants, using a nutrient solution for the organisms. The organisms can, in particular, comprise terrestrial and / or aquatic plants for food production, for example, vegetables, preferably cucumbers and / or tomatoes. By cultivating plants for food production, the cultivation system can advantageously be used for local food production.

[0028] In the following, nutrient solution is used synonymously for any flowable, especially liquid, medium suitable for cultivating the aforementioned organisms, for example by supplying nutrients and liquid.

[0029] The nutrient solution can be based on, or added to, spring water, rainwater, groundwater, surface water and / or salt water.

[0030] The nutrient solution preferably originates from natural sources and can be based on, or added to, pre-treated wastewater from aquaculture facilities, sewage treatment plants, livestock farming, building wastewater, biogas plants, or composting facilities. Using wastewater reduces the freshwater consumption of the cultivation system. Furthermore, the nutrient load of the wastewater is reduced, either partially or completely, by the release of nutrients to the organisms. This can simplify wastewater treatment before and / or after use in the cultivation system. Using the cultivation system in a closed-loop system is particularly advantageous in this context.

[0031] The cultivation system comprises a number, in particular a plurality, of, for example, one, two, three or more cultivation modules interconnected by a conductive pathway for the nutrient solution to accommodate the organisms. If the cultivation system comprises multiple cultivation modules, the conductive pathway for the nutrient solution offers the advantage that not each cultivation module needs to be supplied with nutrient solution individually.

[0032] By constructing the cultivation system from several, especially identical, cultivation modules, the size of the system can be easily adapted to current needs by removing or adding modules. Furthermore, it is possible to set different cultivation conditions in the individual modules for different organisms and / or similar organisms at different developmental stages. For example, the fill level of the nutrient solution in the cultivation modules can be adjusted, and / or an optimal substrate can be selected for the respective organisms.

[0033] In particular, a single cultivation module can also form a cultivation system with a withdrawal module conductively connected to the cultivation module for the nutrient solution, and preferably integrated into the cultivation module, and preferably a feed module, for example as a standalone system for domestic use. The feed module, preferably integrated into the cultivation module, preferably comprises a feed control device (e.g., a pump) for controlling the feed of the nutrient solution and / or a storage tank for the nutrient solution.

[0034] The cultivation system can, for example, be placed or set up on a surface and / or suspended, for example, via a suitable support and / or holding system. In particular, the cultivation system can be arranged in several stacked levels.

[0035] The cultivation system comprises at least one extraction module conductively connected to at least one of the cultivation modules for the nutrient solution, enabling controlled extraction of the nutrient solution from the cultivation module. Using the extraction module, for example, the flow rate, residence time, and / or fill level of the nutrient solution in the cultivation modules can be adjusted to the type and / or developmental stage of the organisms cultivated in the modules.

[0036] The cultivation modules each comprise at least one outer container through which the nutrient solution flows in one direction, and at least one inner container, at least partially located within the outer container, for holding the organisms. The inner container is preferably impermeable to the organisms and / or to a substrate for cultivating the organisms. The cultivation modules can each comprise two, three, or more inner containers arranged one behind the other and / or one behind the other in the direction of flow. For example, in the case of two inner containers arranged one behind the other, the inner inner container can serve to hold the organisms and preferably a substrate for them. The outer inner container can supply the nutrient solution to the organisms, for example, by means of a sequential flooding. The outer container can discharge the nutrient solution after it has come into contact with the organisms.

[0037] For the sake of clarity, the invention is described below using the example of cultivation modules with one inner container. The described embodiments are transferable to cultivation modules with multiple inner containers according to the invention.

[0038] The design of the cultivation system with an outer container and an inner container prevents the organisms and / or a substrate for cultivating the organisms from being undesirably set in motion, floating up and / or being washed away by a flow of nutrient solution through the outer container.

[0039] The cultivation modules each comprise a number of, in particular one, two, three or more, connecting devices for the conductive connection of the outer container to the outer container of another cultivation module and / or to the extraction module and / or to a feed module. Using these connecting devices, a plurality of cultivation modules can be interconnected, thus making it particularly easy to supply the organisms in the cultivation modules with the nutrient solution.

[0040] If the cultivation module comprises two connecting devices, the two connecting devices are preferably shaped to be complementary to each other.

[0041] The connecting devices can, for example, include or be plug-in elements, in particular push-fit sockets, for joining the outer containers of two cultivation modules. The push-fit sockets can be designed, in particular, like the push-fit sockets of known high-temperature pipes (HT pipes). In a particularly simple embodiment, the outer container can include or be a wastewater pipe bisected along its longitudinal axis.

[0042] The inner container is at least partially permeable to the nutrient solution, allowing the nutrient solution from the outer container to reach the organisms in the inner container in order to supply the organisms with nutrients and / or water.

[0043] Between the outer container and the inner container, a nutrient space for flowing with the nutrient solution is arranged horizontally next to the inner container, at least transversely to the flow direction, in particular horizontally next to the inner container on both sides, preferably also below the inner container.

[0044] Because the nutrient chamber is located next to the inner container, the nutrient solution can penetrate the inner container not only from below, as with known flood tables, but also from the side, which means that even organisms cultivated in a large inner container can be quickly and completely supplied with the nutrient solution.

[0045] Directional terms such as "top", "bottom", "horizontal" or "vertical" refer, unless otherwise specified, to an intended orientation of the cultivation system in space, whereby the flow direction is in particular essentially horizontal, for example with a gradient of 0% to 5%, preferably of 0.5% to 2%, relative to a horizontal direction.

[0046] A flow direction with a gradient has the advantage that the nutrient solution is transported through the cultivation system by gravity in an energy-efficient manner. This means that lifting energy is only required once, for example, to lift the nutrient solution to a higher reservoir using a pumping system.

[0047] From an energy perspective, the gravity-fed flow of nutrient solution through the cultivation modules is advantageous. Furthermore, in conjunction with a water reservoir, a pump failure (power outage or technical defect) can be bridged. In the event of a failure, root damage from overheating or drying out does not occur as quickly, as the cultivation system provides a water reserve. By closing the extraction control devices, additional reserves can remain in the cultivation system until the problem is resolved.

[0048] The extraction module includes an extraction control device for regulating the flow of nutrient solution extracted from the cultivation module connected to it. This allows, for example, the flow rate, fill level, and / or residence time of the nutrient solution in the cultivation modules to be adjusted to the type and / or developmental stage of the organisms cultivated in the modules.

[0049] The extraction module preferably comprises an extraction connection device for connecting the extraction module, in a manner conductive for the nutrient solution, to one of the connection devices of one of the cultivation modules. The extraction connection device is preferably shaped to complement a connection device. The extraction connection device can, for example, be configured in the same way as one of the connection devices.

[0050] The extraction connection device allows the extraction module to be easily and safely connected to a cultivation module.

[0051] The extraction module can also be integrated into one of the cultivation modules. In this configuration, no extraction connection device is necessary. In particular, a cultivation module with an integrated extraction module can be designed with only one connection device, so that the nutrient solution can be introduced into the cultivation module via the connection device and extracted from the cultivation module via the extraction module.

[0052] The extraction module preferably includes suitable connections for a drainage system, in particular for pipes and / or hoses, for draining the extracted nutrient solution from the extraction module. The connections can be designed, for example, for connection to PE pipes.

[0053] The cultivation system preferably comprises at least one feed module conductively connected to one of the cultivation modules for the nutrient solution for controlled feeding of the nutrient solution into the cultivation module, wherein the feed module includes a feed control device for controlling a flow rate, temperature, and / or chemical composition of the nutrient solution fed by the feed module into the cultivation module connected to it. The feed control device may include at least one pump for controlling the flow rate of the nutrient solution.

[0054] The feed module allows the nutrient solution to be supplied to the cultivation modules, preferably automatically, with parameters suitable for the organisms cultivated in the cultivation modules, in particular flow rate, temperature and / or chemical composition.

[0055] The feed module may include a lifting system, such as a pump, to raise the nutrient solution to a suitable height for feeding into the cultivation module.

[0056] If the cultivation system includes multiple feed modules, these can be controlled centrally or decentrally, in particular autonomously.

[0057] The control device can be designed for automated and / or manual control of the flow, temperature and / or chemical composition of the nutrient solution.

[0058] The feed module can be designed to flood the cultivation modules, such as flood tables, with the nutrient solution at regular intervals or depending on sensor measurement data, and / or to continuously feed the nutrient solution into the cultivation modules, especially for drip irrigation of the organisms.

[0059] The feed module can be designed to feed the nutrient solution directly into the inner container of at least one of the cultivation modules. For this purpose, the inner container can, for example, include a number of inlet ducts on its upper surface, through which the nutrient solution enters the inner container via a number of outlets from above. The inlet ducts can, for example, be integrated into and / or arranged laterally within the inner container with respect to the flow direction. The water outlets can be concealed and / or equipped with a connection device (e.g., a threaded connection) for drip irrigation. The inlet ducts can, for example, be designed like the inlet ducts ("inlet ducts 11") described in WO 2008 / 084323 A2. Pages 5 to 8 of the description in WO 2008 / 084323 A2 are incorporated herein by reference.

[0060] The cultivation system preferably comprises a plurality of feed modules, which in particular enable the physical decoupling of subsets of the cultivation modules into separate nutrient solution circuits. This allows the remaining parts of the cultivation system to be protected in the event of problems in parts of the system, for example, if pests or diseases occur. Preferably, the cultivation system includes a switchable backup system with alternative nutrient sources for the organisms to supply the decoupled parts of the cultivation system separately.

[0061] The cultivation system preferably comprises a plurality of feed modules and / or extraction modules, each of which is conductively connected to a subset of the cultivation modules for the nutrient solution. This makes it possible to flood parts of the cultivation system with the nutrient solution sequentially rather than simultaneously, thus reducing the static load on the substrate of the cultivation system. A reduced static load is particularly advantageous when the cultivation system is installed on, in, or attached to a building (for example, as part of the inFARMING® concept).

[0062] The feed-in module preferably comprises a feed-in connection device for connecting the feed-in module to one of the connection devices of one of the cultivation modules in a manner conductive for the nutrient solution.

[0063] The feed-in connection device is preferably shaped to complement a connecting device. The feed-in connection device can, for example, be designed in the same way as one of the connecting devices.

[0064] The feed-in connection device allows the feed-in module to be easily and safely connected to a cultivation module.

[0065] The feed module can also be integrated into one of the cultivation modules. In this configuration, no feed connection device is necessary. In particular, a cultivation module with an integrated feed module can be designed with only one connection device, so that the nutrient solution can be introduced into the cultivation module via the feed module and extracted from the cultivation module via the connection device.

[0066] The feed module preferably includes suitable connections for a supply system, in particular for pipes and / or hoses, for supplying the nutrient solution to be fed into the feed module. The connections can, for example, be designed for connection to PE pipes.

[0067] At least one of the connection devices, the extraction connection device and / or the feed connection device, preferably comprises at least one sealing element, for example a sealing ring and / or a sealing strip, for sealing the respective connection for the nutrient solution against the environment of the cultivation system. The sealing element preferably prevents uncontrolled leakage of the nutrient solution from the cultivation system.

[0068] A first connection device is preferably arranged at an inlet side of at least one, in particular each, of the cultivation modules, and a second connection device is arranged at an outlet side of the at least one cultivation module opposite the inlet side along the flow direction. This allows the nutrient solution to enter the cultivation module at the inlet side and exit the cultivation module at the outlet side, so that a plurality of cultivation modules can be connected one after the other along the flow direction and through which the nutrient solution can flow with minimal resistance.

[0069] Especially with a very long cultivation module, it can be advantageous to place a connection device for extracting the nutrient solution in the middle and a connection device for introducing the nutrient solution at each end of the cultivation module. This can result in improved flow characteristics.

[0070] At least one, and in particular each, of the cultivation modules can be linearly constructed, so that the flow direction at the outlet side of the linear cultivation module is the same as at the inlet side.

[0071] The flow direction can differ at the outlet side of at least one of the cultivation modules compared to the inlet side. For example, at least one of the cultivation modules can be designed as an angled module that changes the flow direction by a predetermined angle in space.

[0072] At least one of the cultivation modules can have several connection devices for introducing and / or discharging the nutrient solution. For example, at least one of the cultivation modules can be configured as a branching module with one connection device for introduction and at least two connection devices for discharging, or as a junction module with at least two connection devices for introduction and one connection device for discharging.

[0073] Using linear cultivation modules, angle modules, branching modules and / or union modules, the cultivation system can be adapted to the requirements of the cultivated organisms and / or the available space for the cultivation system.

[0074] The cultivation system preferably comprises at least one locking element for mechanically securing a connection between one of the cultivation modules and another cultivation module, the extraction module, and / or the feed-in module. The locking element can, for example, be part of one of the connection devices, the extraction connection device, and / or the feed-in connection device. The locking element can, for example, comprise a clamp connector and / or a snap-fit ​​connector.

[0075] The safety element prevents an unintentional disconnection of the connection, which could, for example, lead to an uncontrolled leakage of the nutrient solution from the cultivation system.

[0076] The cultivation system preferably comprises a number of fixing devices for securing the cultivation system to a specific installation location. This prevents, for example, unwanted movement of the cultivation system during processing, particularly by machinery. The fixing devices may include, for example, a number of suitable ground anchors, clamping rails, and / or brackets.

[0077] The cultivation module, the extraction module, and / or the feed module preferably comprise a number of rollers or wheels for manual and / or mechanical movement of the respective module, for example, on a rail system that can be part of the cultivation system. This mobility allows for space-saving setup during the propagation phase when the cultivated organisms are still very small and require little space. For supplying and / or discharging the nutrient solution, the cultivation system can include flexible lines that ensure reliable supply and / or discharge even when the modules are moved. In one embodiment, the nutrient solution can be discharged via an open trough after passing through the cultivation system. This trough collects the nutrient solution exiting the extraction module and can, for example, be rotated 90° relative to the cultivation system and be part of the rail system.Further drainage from the channel is carried out in a suitable manner, preferably into a circulating circuit.

[0078] At least one of the connecting devices preferably comprises at least one flow control device for controlling the flow of the nutrient solution through the connecting device. The flow control device comprises, for example, an automatically and / or manually adjustable flow flap and / or an automatically and / or manually adjustable flow valve.

[0079] The flow control device allows for the creation of different conditions in the cultivation modules to optimally cultivate different organisms and / or developmental stages. For example, the fill level of the nutrient solution in a cultivation module upstream of the flow control device can be set higher than in a cultivation module downstream of the flow control device.

[0080] The flow control device allows, in particular, cascading or coupled nutrient utilization by different organisms within various areas of the cultivation system. These areas can, for example, include a rooftop greenhouse and a building facade, with the nutrient solution being supplied to the facade after use in the rooftop greenhouse. The facade can preferably partially, and in particular completely, evaporate the water contained in the nutrient solution, so that no wastewater is generated that would require costly disposal.

[0081] Different organisms have varying nutrient requirements. To put it simply, tomatoes, for example, need many nutrients, while lettuce needs few. In this cultivation system, organisms with high nutrient requirements can be supplied first, followed by organisms with low nutrient requirements. This allows for optimal utilization of the available nutrients. In particular, the nutrients in the nutrient solution can be extracted by different organisms to such an extent that, after passing through the cultivation system, the solution can be safely released into the environment, as it then consists, for example, only of sufficiently purified water.

[0082] Previously, this required various cultivation systems that were neither practically applicable nor technically compatible, making economic use impossible. With the help of the through-flow control device, cascading use can now be achieved even in small spaces.

[0083] The nutrient chamber of at least one, and in particular each, of the cultivation modules is preferably arranged vertically below the inner container and / or horizontally on both sides, transverse to the flow direction, next to the inner container. This configuration creates a particularly large interface between the nutrient chamber and the inner container, allowing the organisms in the inner container to be supplied with the nutrient solution very effectively, and with incoming oxygen through the suction effect of the draining nutrient solution. Furthermore, the nutrient chamber is preferably largely free of roots, allowing the nutrient solution to flow through it almost unimpeded. This is advantageous during filling and results in better drainage characteristics than conventional systems.

[0084] If the nutrient space is arranged below the inner container, the cultivation module can include at least one, preferably aerodynamically efficient, support device that supports the inner container and separates it from the outer container, wherein the support device is preferably arranged laterally to the flow direction at at least one statically favorable and / or aerodynamically efficient point, for example approximately in the middle, below the inner container.

[0085] The outer container, and preferably also the inner container of at least one, and in particular each, of the cultivation modules, are preferably designed in a trough shape. Trough-shaped containers are open at the top, so that their interior is easily accessible, for example for cleaning, maintenance, and / or tending to the organisms. A trough-shaped outer container allows for particularly low-friction flow of the nutrient solution. A trough-shaped inner container within a trough-shaped outer container can provide a particularly large amount of space for cultivating the organisms.

[0086] The outer container and preferably also the inner container of at least one, and in particular each, of the cultivation modules preferably each have a U-shaped or semicircular cross-section transverse to the flow direction. Such a cross-section has the advantage that it has no angles in which deposits that are difficult to remove can accumulate. According to the invention, a cross-section with an angle, for example a V-shaped cross-section, is also possible.

[0087] The outer container and the inner container of at least one, in particular each, of the cultivation modules are preferably arranged coaxially to each other, so that the nutrient solution can penetrate the inner container evenly from both sides of the flow direction and reach the organisms.

[0088] The outer container, and preferably also the inner container of at least one, and in particular each, of the cultivation modules, are preferably designed as a straight channel. This allows the containers to be manufactured particularly easily, for example by extrusion or thermal welding. Furthermore, a straight channel offers particularly low flow resistance for the nutrient solution.

[0089] The outer and / or inner container of at least one, in particular each, of the cultivation modules can be designed as a tube, a partially closed and / or closed tube, a hose, a tub, or a basin. A tube, for example, can include an opening mechanism for opening the tube along its longitudinal axis. The opening mechanism can include, for example, a number of hinges that articulately connect two sections of the tube's casing and / or a clamping mechanism to keep the tube closed.

[0090] The outer container and / or the inner container of at least one, and in particular each, of the cultivation modules preferably has a surface structure and / or a surface coating on a side facing the nutrient space to reduce the flow resistance of the nutrient solution and / or to reduce the adhesion of microorganisms. These features increase the energy efficiency of the cultivation system and reduce the colonization of unwanted microorganisms in the nutrient space.

[0091] The surface structuring can include, for example, riblets. The surface coating can include, for example, an amorphous carbon layer.

[0092] The outer container and / or the inner container of at least one, and in particular each, of the cultivation modules preferably comprises or consists of a plastic. The outer container and / or the inner container can comprise, and in particular consist of, a rigid material and / or a flexible film. The film is preferably stretched over a support structure, for example, a frame. A film has the advantages of being particularly cost-effective and material-efficient to produce, and, due to its low mass and small volume, particularly easy to transport.

[0093] The outer container and / or the inner container of at least one, and in particular each, of the cultivation modules can, for example, consist of any non-porous or low-porosity material capable of retaining fluid contents. Suitable materials include a variety of substances, composites, and / or combinations, preferably recyclable with virtually no loss. These include, for example, polymers that are flexible when dry and stiffen upon contact with water. This has the advantage that the cultivation system is easier to store and transport when dry.

[0094] If the outer container and / or the inner container is made of a flexible material, it can be reinforced with a support structure, for example, a series of rods and / or cables running parallel to the container, so that the structure is self-supporting and / or can be securely fastened by additional aids, such as ropes or supports. The support structure can comprise a bionic and / or skeletal structure that may be fully or partially integrated into the outer container and / or the inner container. Fastening elements, such as loops, eyelets, and / or channels, that are compatible with the support structure are preferably provided on the outer container and / or the inner container.

[0095] The inner container of at least one, and in particular each, of the cultivation modules preferably has a plurality of vertically arranged openings for the nutrient solution at different heights. The inner container is preferably designed to reduce and / or inhibit the penetration of plant roots, and the inner container is particularly preferably designed, at least in sections, as a grid and / or has a textured surface. In particular, the inner container can consist, at least in sections, of a material permeable to the nutrient solution, for example, clay ceramic. The quantity and / or rate of the nutrient solution entering the inner container can be easily regulated by the material properties and / or the plurality of openings and / or the fill level of the nutrient solution in the outer container.

[0096] The inner container is preferably detachably connected to the outer container so that the two containers can be separated from each other for easier cleaning or maintenance, among other things.

[0097] The inner container of at least one, and in particular each, of the cultivation modules preferably comprises at least one holder for receiving substrate pre-packaged in an enclosure, for example, a substrate bag, wherein the holder is preferably designed such that it does not impede the flow of the nutrient solution into and out of the substrate. The enclosure preferably has a plurality of vertically arranged openings for the nutrient solution at different heights, wherein the enclosure is preferably designed such that the penetration of plant roots is reduced and / or inhibited, and the enclosure is particularly preferably designed to be at least partially net-like.

[0098] The outer container and / or the inner container of at least one, and in particular each, of the cultivation modules preferably comprises a cover, preferably detachably connected to the respective container. The cover is designed, for example, to be fixed to and / or attached to the inner container and / or outer container by means of fastening elements. The fastening elements may, for example, include hooks, loops, clips, and / or magnets.

[0099] The removable cover allows better maintenance access to the inside of the container and can be made of, for example, a film and / or a rigid material.

[0100] The cover can, for example, be equipped with recesses to accommodate culture pots for the cultivated organisms. The cover can consist of a film in which users of the cultivation system can create the recesses, for example, along a perforation or by cutting. The recesses can also include resealable connections to prevent water loss or contamination of the nutrient solution.

[0101] The cultivation system can comprise a translucent, particularly transparent, roof for at least one inner container, at least one cultivation module, and / or for the entire cultivation system. The roof is preferably detachably connected to the inner container, the cultivation module, and / or the cultivation system. The connection can be designed as described for the cover. With the aid of the roof, a controlled environment for cultivating the organisms can be created, similar to a greenhouse.

[0102] The inner container of at least one, and in particular each, of the cultivation modules preferably contains an air-permeable substrate, particularly permeable to nitrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and / or water vapor, and a water-permeable substrate for the organisms. The nutrient solution can reach the organisms through the water-permeable substrate. An air-permeable substrate has the advantage of preventing putrefaction within the substrate and allowing gaseous metabolic products of the organisms, such as carbon dioxide, to escape.

[0103] Known substrates for hydroponics and hydroponic systems are designed to be water-retaining and air-permeable. The substrate of the cultivation system according to the invention is preferably water-permeable and air-permeable.

[0104] The substrate preferably consists of gravel, is lime-free and / or has a grain size of 4 mm to 8 mm. Tests have shown that gravel, especially with the aforementioned properties, is particularly well-suited for the cultivation system, as it exhibits, for example, a self-cleaning effect through the runoff of nutrient solution.

[0105] As an alternative or supplement to gravel, the substrate can be of organic, inorganic, metallic, non-metallic, ceramic, or silicon-based origin and / or consist wholly or partially of compounds thereof and / or of mixtures of different substrates. Preferably, glass bodies, in particular opaque glass bodies and / or glass spheres, are used as the substrate. These consist, for example, of granulated and / or crushed, and especially preferably ground, recycled glass. Glass bodies are more suitable as a substrate than gravel because they exhibit less abrasion, a higher pore volume, and a lower bulk density. To further reduce weight, the glass bodies can contain gas inclusions, in particular air inclusions, the volume fraction of which is selected such that the glass bodies are still sufficiently heavy to prevent them from floating in the nutrient solution.

[0106] The invention also relates to the substrate described herein and its use independently of the cultivation system according to the invention, in particular a use of the substrate in a cultivation device from the prior art.

[0107] The substrate provides the organisms in the inner container with the necessary support to develop. In addition to or as an alternative to the substrate, the cultivation system can include suitable support and / or holding devices for the organisms. These holding devices can be freestanding and / or suspended and / or connected to at least one of the cultivation modules.

[0108] The holding devices can, for example, include tomato hooks to support the upper part of cultivated plants and / or fix the root area of ​​the plants outside and / or inside the inner container and / or in the nutrient space by means of a detachable clamp.

[0109] The choice of substrate depends on the specific crop and can come in various types and mixtures. Soilless substrates are less susceptible to soil-borne pests. However, this does not preclude the use of soil-based substrates.

[0110] At least one, and preferably each, of the cultivation modules is preferably designed to be filled with pre-packaged coated substrate or with substrate-filled inner containers. The substrate is preferably provided with seeds. The substrate and / or the seeds may be pre-fertilized or unfertilized. The substrate may, for example, be agglomerated, compressed, and / or provided with a support layer. The support layer may, for example, comprise a net, gauze, or felt to fix the seeds and / or ensure sufficient moisture transport to promote seed germination.

[0111] The cultivation system can also be used without a substrate. For this purpose, at least one, preferably each, of the cultivation modules preferably comprises a cover for the inner container, in particular with at least one recess for the organisms, and / or a holding device for retaining the organisms. The cover can be detachably or permanently connected to the inner container and / or the outer container. A cover for at least the inner container is also advantageous when used with a substrate in order to protect the substrate from growth and / or algae.

[0112] The inner container of at least one, preferably each, of the cultivation modules can include at least one marking or several markings to indicate an optimal fill level of the inner container with the substrate.

[0113] The inner container and the outer container of at least one, preferably each, of the cultivation modules enclose the nutrient space, preferably in a light-tight, liquid-tight, and / or gas-tight manner. The inner container is preferably connected to the outer container via a sealing element in a light-tight, liquid-tight, and / or gas-tight manner, and particularly preferably detachably. A light-tight enclosure reduces the growth of algae and other undesirable organisms in the nutrient space. A liquid-tight and / or gas-tight enclosure reduces or eliminates undesirable external influences on the organisms and / or the cultivation system. For aesthetic and / or agronomic reasons and / or for monitoring the contents of the cultivation module, at least one, preferably each, of the cultivation modules can be partially or completely transparent, translucent, selectively absorbing, and / or reflective.

[0114] The cultivation system preferably comprises a number of monitoring elements that support all aspects of cultivating the organisms. These include, for example, monitoring elements for visual and / or electronic monitoring, which are arranged in and / or on at least one of the cultivation modules and / or a computer device and / or are connected to it. The monitoring elements include, for example, and in particular flexible, electronic circuits and devices such as sensors, transponders, RFID tags, and smart materials or barcodes. The monitoring elements serve, for example, to monitor the nutrient solution, preferably its chemical composition, pH value, temperature, and / or fill level in at least one, and in particular each, of the cultivation modules.

[0115] The fill level can be determined, for example, by multiple liquid sensors arranged at different heights within the nutrient space of a cultivation module. For instance, a liquid sensor above a maximum fill level can be used to detect waterlogging, and / or a liquid sensor below a minimum fill level can be used to detect dryness, both on the outer and / or inner container of the cultivation module.

[0116] The cultivation system may include a computer device for recording, evaluating, and / or storing measurement data from the monitoring elements. The computer device may be designed to issue a warning message to a user of the cultivation system when measurement data deviates from the corresponding target data.

[0117] The computer device can be designed to control a number of actuators of the cultivation system based on the measurement data. These actuators can include, for example, the feed control device, the withdrawal control device, and / or the throughput control device of the cultivation system.

[0118] The dispensing control device comprises a bell siphon with a height-adjustable inlet opening for the nutrient solution. The height adjustment can be manual and / or automated, and centrally and / or decentrally controlled. The dispensing control device may include an adjustment aid, in particular a scale, for checking the height setting.

[0119] The Bell siphon empties itself automatically without an external power source, filling a container with liquid. This is possible at a defined fill level due to the so-called "Venturi effect." A vacuum is maintained inside the siphon until no more liquid flows in, ending the effect. When emptying large tanks filled with substrate, conventional siphons present the problem that the liquid flowing from the surface arrives at the outlet with a time delay. This can result in the emptying process not being interrupted and refilling being prevented. Furthermore, changes in fill levels are only possible through cumbersome structural modifications or replacing the siphon.

[0120] The aforementioned problems are solved by a height-adjustable inlet opening. This preferably consists of a base plate, which particularly preferably has a threaded collar at its edges. A pipe with a complementary thread can preferably be screwed onto this collar and adjusted in height. This determines the lowest inlet height of the nutrient solution. The additional space created around the siphon allows the draining process to be reliably interrupted. This space empties faster than the slowly flowing water from the cultivation module can arrive. A reliably definable minimum fill level protects against drying out. Furthermore, the base plate provides the siphon with a stable surface, thus expanding its potential range of applications. In a simple embodiment, the inlet opening can be fixed.

[0121] Additionally, the outlet opening can be adjustable. The outlet opening can also be height-adjustable. For example, the height of the siphon's bell is adjusted to achieve this. The inner tube connected to the bell changes its height accordingly to ensure the reliable flow of the nutrient solution. Height adjustment can be manual or automated. This adjustment prevents the cultivation device from overflowing and algae growth on the substrate surface. Furthermore, it creates optimal growing conditions for each crop, especially for germination after sowing or planting.

[0122] The inlet opening of the bell siphon is preferably enclosed by a protective grid to prevent clogging of the bell siphon by foreign bodies, such as plant parts, that may be carried along by the nutrient solution.

[0123] The bell siphon is preferably concealed by a ventilated maintenance hatch to protect it from damage.

[0124] The cultivation system can include a number of guide rails and / or retention devices and / or substrate collection devices that facilitate mechanical handling of the organisms and the cultivation system. For example, the guide rails support the precise insertion of a seed drill into the cultivation system by sending a sensor signal to the machine. Direct seeding eliminates the need for costly external pre-cultivation and transplanting, while also preventing seedling losses.

[0125] A cultivation system according to the invention preferably comprises a device for introducing gas to the organisms, into the nutrient solution, and / or into the substrate, for example, for introducing oxygen or growth-promoting gases, in particular carbon dioxide (CO₂). An influx of carbon dioxide lowers the pH of the nutrient solution and thereby improves plant growth. Furthermore, atmospheric treatment with CO₂ improves plant growth. If the cultivation system is to be integrated into an aquaponics system, a suitable device, preferably a cascading waterfall, is preferably provided before the introduction of the nutrient solution into the aquaculture system to expel any remaining CO₂ from the nutrient solution.

[0126] Energy costs represent a significant portion of the production costs of cultivated organisms. The cultivation system reduces heating energy costs by acting as a heat storage medium. For example, the nutrient solution absorbs heat energy from the air during the day and releases it again during the cooler night. This protects the organisms from temperature stress, allowing them to begin their metabolism earlier in the morning. Another use of the cultivation system according to the invention is, for example, to transfer heat from an external heating and / or cooling system to the nutrient solution or vice versa. This can be achieved, for example, by means of tubes inserted into at least one of the cultivation modules and / or a reservoir for the nutrient solution, in which a heat transfer medium from the external heating and / or cooling system circulates.In particular, opposing flow directions allow energy to be transferred from the heat transfer medium to the nutrient solution or vice versa. By optimally designing the cultivation system or the tubing with the largest possible interface to the environment or the nutrient solution, energy transfer between the media can be improved.

[0127] The cultivation system is resource-efficient due to the multiple reusability of the product and substrate. Disposal costs for large quantities of problematic waste such as rock wool and films are eliminated.

[0128] The invention relates to a method for cultivating, in particular hydroponically, prokaryotic and / or eukaryotic organisms, in particular plants, with a nutrient solution in a cultivation system according to the invention.

[0129] The procedure can include, in particular, configurations already described in connection with the cultivation system, from which the advantages mentioned therein result.

[0130] The process preferably includes aquaponics and / or the utilization of treated wastewater, preferably in a closed-loop system.

[0131] The method preferably comprises introducing organisms, in particular plants and / or seeds, into the inner container of at least one cultivation module of the cultivation system and preferably supplying the inner container with water, oxygen and / or nutrients to support the growth of the organisms.

[0132] The method preferably includes monitoring the organisms and / or cultivation conditions in the cultivation system and optionally adjusting the inner containers and / or their contents to optimize the growth of the organisms or parts thereof.

[0133] The method preferably comprises sequentially flooding a subset of the cultivation modules of the cultivation system with the nutrient solution. By flooding not all cultivation modules simultaneously, but alternately and / or sequentially, the surface loading of the substrate of the cultivation system is reduced.

[0134] Preferably, the cultivation modules are flooded at definable intervals for an adjustable duration and flood level, up to just below the substrate surface. The inflow and outflow of the nutrient solution from a cultivation module can be achieved through the same connection device or through separate connection devices. Regular flooding significantly reduces evaporation and prevents harmful salt accumulation on the substrate surface. Aboveground plant parts and fruits do not come into contact with the nutrient solution, which is advantageous when treated wastewater is not microbiologically pure. During the flooding process, the substrate-bound roots of the plants and / or other organisms are bathed in the nutrient solution, resulting in nutrient uptake.

[0135] The drained nutrient solution is returned to a reservoir, allowing it to be reused. The draining of the nutrient solution can occur in various ways.

[0136] One possible application of the cultivation system is its use in modifying flowable media. Substances in a flowing medium can be retained, bound, eliminated, and / or efficiently transported within the cultivation system by organisms and / or substrates. For example, after a certain period, a substrate saturated with substances can be easily removed from the cultivation system, regenerated, or disposed of.

[0137] The method can involve the cultivation of halophilic or halotolerant organisms, such as mussels or aquatic plants, particularly in the form of aquaculture or aquaponics. The cultivation system can simulate tidal currents, making it especially suitable for cultivating organisms that prefer environments with fluctuating living conditions.

[0138] The method preferably comprises the sequential flooding of cultivation modules within the cultivation system, preferably in the form of a Nutrient Film Technique (NFT), a Deep Flow Technique (DFT), or a Deep Water Culture (DWC). Regular flooding prevents clogging of the cultivation modules and overheating of the nutrient film in NFT. In DFT and DWC, sequential flooding of subsets of the cultivation modules reduces the surface weight while simultaneously achieving effective aeration of the root zone of cultivated plants. In DWC, the rafts preferably do not sink to the bottom of the cultivation module but are held suspended by a supporting substructure, ensuring sufficient space for the plant roots. The substructure is preferably designed to allow the rafts to float freely during flooding.

[0139] The method preferably comprises mechanical, in particular automated, cultivation of the organisms, including, for example, sowing, planting, tending and / or harvesting the organisms, inserting and / or removing inner containers and / or substrate, preparing the substrate and / or cleaning and / or disinfecting the cultivation modules, in particular the inner containers.

[0140] The potentially endless design of the cultivation system simplifies the use of cost-effective processing equipment and enables efficient workflows. Due to its modular construction, the system is suitable for virtually all crops. Changing crops is possible without new investment costs. All parts are reusable, and the substrate is easy to clean.

[0141] The cultivation system is universally applicable: hydroponics, aquaponics, greywater treatment, and water purification. The diverse combination options for regulating water level, flow rate, volume, intervals, residence times, and substrates allow for the cultivation of many organisms. Roots find secure support in the substrate, making handling larger plants more robust. This does not impede water flow, and the unlit water channel prevents algae growth in unwanted areas without the need for additional measures. Intelligent water management allows for a reduction in the overall surface weight, enabling the system to be used on rooftops or inside buildings.

[0142] To use the cultivation device according to the invention for aquaponics, a high water flow rate with variable residence time in the plant culture can be set. The flow of the nutrient solution through the cultivation system ensures a uniform distribution of the nutrient load and promotes nutrient uptake by the plants. As the nutrient solution drains, the roots are automatically supplied with atmospheric oxygen, thus preventing rot. In contrast to conventional methods, no energy expenditure is required for root aeration.

[0143] Thus, the problem of separating the nutrient solution cycles for fish and plant cultivation, which exists in known aquaponics systems, is overcome, and the cultivation system according to the invention provides a solution to the ecological problem of over-fertilization of natural waters by wastewater from aquaculture.

[0144] Furthermore, under these conditions, root or soil pests are unlikely to occur. This saves on costly plant protection and occupational safety products, which also benefits the health of employees. Brief description of the drawings

[0145] Further advantages, objectives, and features of the invention are explained with reference to the following description and accompanying drawings, which illustrate exemplary objects according to the invention. Features that are at least substantially identical in their function in the figures may be identified by the same reference numerals, although these features need not be numbered and explained in all figures. Figure 1 shows a schematic top view of a cultivation system according to the invention. Figure 2 shows a schematic vertical longitudinal section of the cultivation system made of Figure 1 . Figure 3shows a schematic cross-section of a cultivation module of a cultivation system according to the invention. Figure 4 shows a schematic cross-section of another cultivation module of a cultivation system according to the invention. Figure 5 schematically shows an arrangement of several inner containers 120 in an outer container. Fig. 1

[0146] Figure 1Figure 1 shows a schematic top view of a cultivation system according to the invention for the hydroponic cultivation of organisms (not shown) with a nutrient solution (not shown) for the organisms. The cultivation system shown comprises a plurality of cultivation modules 100 connected to one another by means of a conductive connection for the nutrient solution for holding the organisms and a withdrawal module 200 connected to one of the cultivation modules 100 by means of a conductive connection for the nutrient solution for controlled withdrawal of the nutrient solution from the cultivation module 100. In particular, a cultivation module 100 can be connected to the withdrawal module 200 on opposite sides of the withdrawal module 200.

[0147] The cultivation system includes a feed module 300, which is conductively connected to one of the cultivation modules 100 for the nutrient solution, for the controlled feed of the nutrient solution into the cultivation module 100.

[0148] The cultivation modules 100 each comprise an outer container 110 for flow with the nutrient solution in a flow direction S, an inner container 120 arranged in the outer container 110 for receiving the organisms, and two connecting devices 130 for connecting the outer container 110 to the outer container 110 of another cultivation module 100 or to the extraction module 200 in a way that conducts the nutrient solution.

[0149] The inner container 120 is designed to be permeable to the nutrient solution, for example in a grid-like form.

[0150] Between the outer container 110 and the inner container 120, a nutrient chamber 115 is arranged horizontally on both sides transverse to the flow direction S next to and below the inner container 120 for flow through with the nutrient solution.

[0151] The extraction module 200 comprises at least one extraction connection device 230 for connecting the extraction module 230 to one of the connection devices 130 of one of the cultivation modules 100 in a manner conductive for the nutrient solution.

[0152] The extraction module 200 is covered by a maintenance hatch 250. The maintenance hatch 250 may have a ventilation opening 251, which can also serve as a handle.

[0153] The feed-in module 300 includes a feed-in connection device 330 for connecting the feed-in module 300 to one of the connection devices 130 of one of the cultivation modules 100 in a manner conductive for the nutrient solution.

[0154] The feed module 300 is covered by a maintenance hatch 350. The maintenance hatch 350 may have a ventilation opening 351, which can also serve as a handle. The feed module 300 includes a connection 360 for a supply line system 370 for supplying the nutrient solution to be fed into the feed module 300.

[0155] The feed-in module 300, the cultivation modules 100, and the extraction module 200 are, for example, arranged linearly one after the other along the flow direction S. The flow direction S is, for example, essentially horizontal, in particular with a gradient of 0% to 5%. Fig. 2

[0156] Figure 2 shows a schematic vertical longitudinal section of the cultivation system made of Figure 1 along a vertical cutting plane parallel to the flow direction S.

[0157] The cultivation module 100 shown comprises a number of, for example, three, support devices 140 that support the inner container 120 and space it apart from the outer container 110. The support devices 140 are arranged, for example, laterally to the flow direction S in the middle below the inner container 120.

[0158] The extraction module 200 includes an extraction control device 240 for controlling a flow of the nutrient solution extracted by the extraction module 200 from the cultivation module 100 connected to the extraction module 200.

[0159] The dispensing control device 240 comprises a bell siphon with a height-adjustable inlet opening 241 for the nutrient solution. The height-adjustable inlet opening 241 includes, for example, a vertically oriented and height-adjustable tube 242 arranged around the inlet opening 241. The tube 242 is, for example, height-adjustably attached to a base plate 244. The base plate 244 preferably has a collar 245 with a thread on its edges, onto which the tube 242 is screwed.

[0160] The entrance opening 241 is surrounded by a protective grille 243 to protect the bell siphon from foreign objects.

[0161] The extraction module 200 includes a connection 260 for a drainage system 270 for draining the extracted nutrient solution from the extraction module 200. The drainage system 270 includes, for example, a number of pipelines 271 integrated into the cultivation modules 100, the feed module 300 and / or the extraction module 200 and connected to each other via the connection devices 130, extraction connection devices 230 and / or feed connection devices 330.

[0162] Connection devices 130, extraction connection devices 230 and / or feed connection devices 330, to which no cultivation module 100, feed module 300 or extraction module 200 is connected, can each be tightly sealed with an end cap 400 for the nutrient solution. Fig. 3

[0163] Figure 3shows a schematic cross-section of a cultivation module 100 of a cultivation system according to the invention along a vertical section axis perpendicular to the flow direction S.

[0164] The outer container 110 and the inner container 120 are trough-shaped, for example in the form of a straight trough, wherein, for example, the outer container 110 has a rectangular cross-section perpendicular to the flow direction S and the inner container 120 has a U-shaped cross-section.

[0165] The inner container 120 of the cultivation module 100 shown contains an air-permeable and water-permeable substrate 122 for the organisms, for example lime-free gravel with a grain size of 4 mm to 8 mm.

[0166] The inner container 120 and the outer container 110 of the cultivation module 100 enclose the nutrient space 115 in a light-tight manner, the inner container 120 being connected to the outer container 110 via a sealing element 116 in a light-tight manner.

[0167] The inner container 120 is permeable to the nutrient solution N, allowing the nutrient solution N to reach the organisms.

[0168] The cultivation module 100 includes a number of monitoring elements 420 for monitoring the fill level of the nutrient solution N in the cultivation module 100. The monitoring elements 420 include, for example, two liquid sensors, one of which is positioned above a maximum fill level to detect waterlogging and one below a minimum fill level to detect dryness on the outer container 110 of the cultivation module 100.

[0169] The inner container 120 preferably comprises a fixing element 141 for fixing the support device 140 to the inner container 120, for example by means of a snap connection. Fig. 4

[0170] Figure 4Figure 1 shows a schematic cross-section of another cultivation module 100 of a cultivation system according to the invention along a vertical section axis perpendicular to the flow direction S. For clarity, only one half of the cultivation module 100 is shown. The other half can be designed to be mirror-symmetrical to the half shown with respect to the plane of symmetry E.

[0171] Unlike in Figure 3 The cultivation module 100 shown includes the one in Figure 4 The cultivation module 100 shown comprises two nested inner containers 120, the inner one being connected to the outer one via a sealing element 116 and the outer one being connected to the outer container 110 via another sealing element 116.

[0172] Depending on the requirements of the cultivated organisms, the space between the inner and outer inner container 120 can be filled with a substrate 122 or only be permeated by the nutrient solution N.

[0173] The lower angles 111 of the outer container 110 may be rounded to improve the flow conditions for the nutrient solution N or to simplify cleaning.

[0174] A pipe 371 can be attached to an outside of the rounded angles 111 as part of a supply system for the nutrient solution N. Fig. 5

[0175] Figure 5 Figure 1 schematically shows an arrangement of several inner containers 120 in an outer container 110 of a cultivation module 100 of a cultivation system according to the invention.

[0176] Several inner containers 120 can be arranged one behind the other along the flow direction S and / or next to each other perpendicular to the flow direction S in an outer container 110, for example to cultivate different organisms in the inner containers 120.

[0177] The inner containers 120 can be connected to each other and / or to the outer container 110 via sealing material 116.

[0178] The inner containers 120 can be supported by support devices 140 which are fixed to the inner containers 120 by means of fixing elements 141. Reference symbol list 100 Cultivation module 250 Maintenance hatch 110 Outer container 251 ventilation opening 111 angle 260 Connection 115 Nutrient space 270 drainage system 116 Sealing element 271 Pipeline 120 Inner container 300 feed-in module 121 Passage opening 330 Connection device 122 substrate 340 Feed-in control device 130 Connection device 350 Maintenance hatch 140 Support device 351 ventilation opening 141 Fixing element 360 Connection 200 Extraction module 370 Supply system 230 Extraction connection device 371 Pipeline 240 Removal control device 400 End cap 241 Entrance 420 Monitoring element 242 Pipe E plane of symmetry 243 Protective grille N nutrient solution 244 Base plate S Flow direction 245 collar

Claims

1. A modular culture system for culturing prokaryotic and / or eukaryotic organisms using a nutrient solution (N) for the organisms, the culture system comprising a. a number of culture modules (100) for accommodating the organisms, the culture modules (100) being connected to one another in a manner conducting the nutrient solution (N), and b. an extraction module (200) connected in a manner conducting the nutrient solution (N) to one of the culture modules (100) for the controlled extraction of the nutrient solution (N) from the culture module (100), c. each of the culture modules (100) comprising i. an outer container (110) for conducting the nutrient solution (N) in a flow direction (S), ii. an inner container (120) arranged at least partially within the outer container (110) for accommodating the organisms, and iii. a number of connecting devices (130) for connecting the outer container (110) to the outer container (110) of a further culture module (100) and / or to the extraction module (200) in a manner conducting the nutrient solution (N), iv. wherein the inner container (120) is permeable to the nutrient solution (N) at least in sections, and v. wherein a nutrient chamber (115) for conducting the nutrient solution (N) is arranged between the outer container (110) and the inner container (120) and adjacent to the inner container (120) at least in a horizontal direction transverse to the flow direction (S), and d. wherein the extraction module (200) comprises an extraction control device (240) for controlling a flow of the nutrient solution (N) extracted by the extraction module (200) from the culture module (100) connected to the extraction module (200), characterised in that e. the extraction control device (240) comprises a Bell siphon with a height-adjustable inlet opening (241) for the nutrient solution (N).

2. The culture system according to claim 1, characterised in that the extraction module (200) comprises an extraction connection device (230) for connecting the extraction module (230) to one of the connection devices (130) of one of the culture modules (100) in a manner conducting the nutrient solution (N).

3. The culture system according to claim 1 or 2, characterised by a. at least one feed module (300) connected in a manner conducting the nutrient solution (N) to one of the culture modules (100) for the controlled feeding of the nutrient solution (N) into the culture module (100), b. wherein the feed module (300) comprises a feed control device (340) for controlling a flow, a temperature and / or a chemical composition of the nutrient solution (N) fed by the feed module (300) into the culture module (100) connected to the feed module (300).

4. The culture system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterised in that at least one of the connecting devices (130) comprises a flow control device (131) for controlling a flow of the nutrient solution (N) through the connecting device (130).

5. The culture system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterised in that the nutrient chamber (115) of at least one of the culture modules (100) is arranged vertically below the inner container (120) and / or adjacent to the inner container (120) on both sides in a horizontal direction transverse to the flow direction (S).

6. The culture system according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterised in that the outer container (110) and the inner container (120) of at least one of the culture modules (100) are trough-shaped.

7. The culture system according to claim 6, characterised in that the outer container (110) and the inner container (120) of the at least one culture module (100) a. each have a u-shaped or semicircular cross-section transverse to the flow direction (S), b. are arranged coaxially with one another and / or c. are each designed as a straight trough.

8. The culture system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterised in that the outer container (110) and / or the inner container (120) of at least one of the culture modules (100) has a surface texture and / or a surface coating for reducing the flow resistance of the nutrient solution (N) and / or for reducing the adhesion of microorganisms on a side facing the nutrient chamber (115).

9. The culture system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterised in that the inner container (120) of at least one of the culture modules (100) comprises a plurality of through-holes (121) for the nutrient solution, arranged vertically at different heights.

10. The culture system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterised in that the inner container (120) of at least one of the culture modules (100) contains an air-permeable and water-permeable substrate (122) for the organisms.

11. The culture system according to any one of claims 1 to 10, characterised in that the inner container (120) and the outer container (110) of at least one of the culture modules (100) enclose the nutrient chamber (115) in a light-tight, liquid-tight and / or gas-tight manner.

12. The culture system according to any one of claims 1 to 11, characterised by a number of monitoring elements (420) for monitoring the nutrient solution (N).

13. The culture system according to any one of claims 1 to 12, characterised in that the Bell siphon comprises a height-adjustable outlet opening for the nutrient solution (N).

14. A method for the culturing prokaryotic and / or eukaryotic organisms using a nutrient solution (N) in a culture system according to any one of claims 1 to 13.

15. The method according to claim 14, characterised by the following step: sequentially flooding a subset of the culture modules (100) of the culture system with the nutrient solution (N).

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