Construction management method and construction management system utilizing 4d model system

Abstract

To provide a construction management method configured to determine and provide a degree of influence on construction through environmental impact simulation that combines environmental information with a construction management 4D model, and obtain an evacuation plan corresponding to the degree of influence to be provided to a construction site, thereby improving safety and productivity.SOLUTION: A construction management method that utilizes a 4D model system includes the steps of: preparing a plan 4D model which is a time-based plan three-dimensional structural diagram in a construction site; preparing, based on the plan 4D model, an actual / corrected 4D model which is a three-dimensional structural diagram obtained by reflecting actual results with the progress of the construction; obtaining environmental information including environmental change forecast; performing environmental impact simulation while reflecting the environmental information acquired by the actual / corrected 4D model; and providing a result of the environmental impact simulation to a terminal of a person concerned, obtaining an evacuation plan formulated by the person concerned, and providing the evacuation plan in combination with the environmental impact simulation result to the construction site.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 1

Description

[Technical Field]

[0001] The present invention relates to a construction management method and construction management system that utilizes a 4D model system, known as a digital twin platform system, and in particular to a construction management method and construction management system that utilizes a 4D model system that determines and provides the degree of impact on construction through an environmental impact simulation that combines environmental information, including predicted environmental changes, with a 4D model used for construction management, and obtains and provides an evacuation plan corresponding to the degree of impact to the construction site, thereby enabling improvements in safety and productivity. [Background technology]

[0002] In large-scale civil engineering works and construction projects for large facilities, it has been difficult to share construction plans considered at the design stage accurately with all parties involved, and issues have arisen such as rework during construction due to the intentions at the design stage not being properly reflected in the construction.As a result, the adoption of BIM / CIM (Building / Construction Information Modeling, Management) has been recommended with the aim of improving the productivity of the construction production process.

[0003] In BIM / CIM, by utilizing a four-dimensional model (hereinafter referred to as a 4D model) that adds information about the process, including time information for construction steps, to a three-dimensional model of the construction object (hereinafter referred to as a 3D model), the construction plan can be expressed visually in an easy-to-understand manner, and it can be correctly shared between construction parties and clients.

[0004] Such large-scale civil engineering works and construction of large facilities often take a long time, and it is expected that they will be affected by various environmental changes during the construction period. For example, if a typhoon approaches, there is a concern that in the case of high-rise buildings, the strong winds will cause cranes and other construction machinery to topple or scaffolding to collapse. In addition, in the case of river construction, there is a concern that construction sites will be flooded by typhoons or heavy rains, causing damage such as submerging construction machinery.

[0005] A technology for predicting damage caused by river flooding through simulation has been disclosed. Patent Document 1 relates to a river flood and damage prediction device, which converts the coordinates of survey data of a target river basin to create 3D point cloud data, and predicts the water level at each position along the river and the time when that water level will be reached based on the river's water level data and rainfall data around the river, thereby predicting the point where flooding will occur and the time when the flood will occur, as well as the extent of flood damage and the time when the damage will spread to that area.

[0006] The prediction device described in Patent Document 1 can obtain damage predictions based on the current river topography and rainfall conditions, etc. However, when river construction work is being carried out, the topography of the construction site changes every day, and it is difficult for the prediction device described in Patent Document 1 to accurately grasp the impact of environmental changes corresponding to the progress of construction at the construction site.

[0007] The impact of environmental changes is not limited to the impact of rainfall on river construction. Construction near the coast must consider the impact of tides and high waves caused by strong winds. In addition to flood damage, the impact of strong winds must also be considered when constructing high-rise buildings. Therefore, it is necessary to realize a construction management system that can combine the effects of these environmental changes with 4D models, predict damage in response to predicted environmental changes according to the progress of construction work, and ensure appropriate advance evacuation of construction workers and heavy machinery. [Prior art documents] [Patent documents]

[0008] [Patent Document 1] Japanese Patent Publication No. 2021-125163 Summary of the Invention [Problem to be solved by the invention]

[0009] The present invention has been made in consideration of the problems with the above-mentioned conventional construction management methods and construction management systems, and its object is to provide a construction management method and construction management system that utilizes a 4D model system that determines and provides the degree of impact on construction through an environmental impact simulation that combines environmental information, including predictions of environmental changes, with a 4D model used for construction management, and that obtains and provides to the construction site an evacuation plan corresponding to that degree of impact, thereby enabling improvements in safety and productivity. [Means for solving the problem]

[0010] The construction management method of the present invention, which utilizes a 4D model system to achieve the above-mentioned object, comprises the steps of: creating a planned 4D model, which is a planned three-dimensional structural diagram with a time axis at the construction site, based on a construction plan; creating a performance / revised 4D model, which is a three-dimensional structural diagram that reflects actual results as construction progresses, based on the plan 4D model; acquiring environmental information including predictions of environmental changes in the area including the construction site; performing an environmental impact simulation by reflecting the acquired environmental information in the performance / revised 4D model; and providing the results of the environmental impact simulation to the terminals of those involved, acquiring evacuation plans formulated by those involved, and providing the results of the environmental impact simulation to the construction site.

[0011] It is preferable to further include a step of modifying a construction plan based on the evacuation plan and the results of the environmental impact simulation, and reflecting the modified plan in the actual / modified 4D model. It is preferable to provide a sensor that acquires the status of the construction site, visualize the status of the construction site acquired by the sensor by reflecting it in the actual / revised 4D model or the results of the environmental impact simulation, revise the construction plan based on the visualized results, and reflect this in the actual / revised 4D model.

[0012] The construction management system according to the present invention, which has been made to achieve the above-mentioned object, is a construction management system that utilizes a 4D model system and is equipped with a construction management server connected via a network to terminals of stakeholders including the construction site, and is characterized in that the construction management server is equipped with a planning 4D model creation unit that creates a planning 4D model, which is a planned three-dimensional structural diagram with a time axis at the construction site, a performance / revised 4D model creation unit that creates a performance / revised 4D model, which is a three-dimensional structural diagram that reflects actual results based on the planning 4D model, as construction progresses, an environmental information acquisition unit that acquires environmental information including predictions of environmental changes in the area including the construction site, an environmental impact simulation unit that reflects the acquired environmental information in the performance / revised 4D model and performs an environmental impact simulation and provides the results of the environmental impact simulation to the terminals of stakeholders, and an evacuation plan provision unit that acquires evacuation plans formulated by stakeholders and provides them to the construction site in combination with the environmental impact simulation results. [Effects of the Invention]

[0013] According to the construction management method and construction management system utilizing the 4D model system of the present invention, a performance / revised 4D model that reflects actual results is successively updated as construction progresses based on a planned 4D model created based on a construction plan, and an environmental impact simulation is performed by reflecting environmental information, including predicted environmental changes in the area including the construction site, in the performance / revised 4D model, allowing those involved to accurately grasp the predicted damage situation under the latest construction conditions. This makes it possible to create an appropriate evacuation plan based on the results of the environmental impact simulation.

[0014] In addition, the evacuation plan that is created is provided to the construction site in combination with the results of the environmental impact simulation, allowing construction site personnel to evacuate safely in accordance with the evacuation plan, minimizing damage and preventing unnecessary rework of construction work.

[0015] According to the construction management method and construction management system using the 4D model system of the present invention, the damage situation can be predicted and understood in advance based on the results of the environmental impact simulation, so that plans for construction restoration can be considered in advance and construction restoration can be carried out smoothly.In addition, revisions to the construction plan based on the damage situation are reflected in the actual / revised 4D model, so that related parties can accurately understand the revised construction plan.

[0016] Furthermore, according to the construction management method and construction management system that utilize the 4D model system of the present invention, it is possible to equip the construction site with sensors that acquire the situation at the construction site. For example, if a position sensor that captures the position information of workers and construction machinery such as heavy equipment is used as the sensor, the positions and movements of workers and construction machinery during construction can be recorded and visualized in combination with the actual and revised 4D models, which can be used to ensure safety against predicted environmental impact damage, and to revise and optimize construction plans. [Brief explanation of the drawings]

[0017] [Figure 1] 1 is a block diagram illustrating an overall configuration of a construction management system according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 2] FIG. 1 illustrates an example of a planning 4D model according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 3] FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of environmental information according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 4] FIG. 10 is a diagram illustrating an example of an environmental impact simulation result according to an embodiment of the present invention. [Figure 5] 1 is a flowchart illustrating a construction management method utilizing a 4D model system according to an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0018] Next, specific examples of embodiments for carrying out a construction management method and a construction management system that utilize a 4D model system according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a block diagram showing the overall configuration of a construction management system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 1, a construction management system 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention includes a construction management server 10 connected via a network 5, and related party terminals 20 (20-1, 20-2) including a construction site.

[0019] The construction management server 10 is a server that manages the construction of the target construction work, and has a control unit 11, an input / output unit 12, a memory unit 13, a display unit 14, a planned 4D model creation unit 15, a performance / correction 4D model creation unit 16, an environmental information acquisition unit 17, an environmental impact simulation unit 18, and an evacuation plan provision unit 19.

[0020] A construction management system 1 according to an embodiment of the present invention is a system for predicting damage through environmental impact simulations based on the progress of construction work, especially in complex, long-term civil engineering and construction projects, such as large-scale civil engineering and construction projects. When environmental changes, such as typhoons and heavy rains, during construction, could cause flooding or other damage and affect the progress of the project, the system provides the predicted damage to those involved in the project. The construction management system 1 also provides evacuation plans formulated based on the environmental impact simulations to those involved in the project, including the construction site, to minimize damage. The system also incorporates revised construction plan schedules formulated based on the evacuation plans into construction management, helping those involved accurately understand the latest construction plan. To achieve the above functions, the construction management system 1 utilizes a 4D model that allows a three-dimensional view of the completion status of the project as it progresses. The 4D model is combined with the results of an environmental impact assessment that simulates the impact of environmental changes, providing a clear understanding of the situation for those involved.

[0021] The 4D planning model creation unit 15 creates a 4D planning model, which is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the construction site along with a time axis, based on the construction plan. The 3D model that serves as the basis for the 4D model can be created by converting two-dimensional design drawings into three dimensions, or by assembling the entire structural diagram as a combination of 3D parts using 3D CAD software. Since there are commercialized software programs for converting two-dimensional drawings into three dimensions and 3D CAD software, these can be used to create a 3D model. Furthermore, by adding a time axis to the 3D model and setting a timeliner function, it is possible to freely display a 3D model showing the construction status at any desired time from the start of construction to completion.

[0022] Based on the construction plan, 3D models showing the completed state of each process are created corresponding to the timing of each process division and then saved sequentially, allowing for the creation of a planned 4D model as a collection of 3D models corresponding to the time axis. When creating the original surface shape of the construction site as the initial state of the process, it is efficient to use 3D measurement results using a 3D laser scanner attached to a drone, etc. In this embodiment, 3D measurements of the construction site's topography are performed before creating the 3D model, and the measurement results are used to create the 3D model.

[0023] The 4D planning model creation unit 15 may be equipped with CAD software and create a 4D planning model under the operation of an operator, or may acquire a 3D model created in a CAD system separate from the construction management server 10 and associate it with a time axis to create a 4D planning model. The 4D planning model is based on the actual progress of construction and is the basis for the actual / revised 4D model that shows the latest construction status. The 4D planning model is saved in the memory unit 13 for each construction project.

[0024] The 4D planning model represents the three-dimensional structure of the target construction work over time, but it can also be combined with additional information such as the construction machinery and other heavy equipment to be deployed at each stage, the number of workers on the construction work, and their job types. By linking this information, it can be used when formulating an evacuation plan.

[0025] The created 4D planning model is provided so that it can be viewed on the relevant party's terminal 20 via a specific web page or cloud provided by the construction management server 10. The provided 4D planning model is provided so that the shape of the target building at each point in time is displayed on a changing time axis, allowing the viewer to easily understand the three-dimensional structure and progress of the work. If there is additional information such as construction machinery and construction workers, this information is also provided so that it can be viewed together with the created 4D planning model.

[0026] Based on the planned 4D model, the actual result / revised 4D model creation unit 16 creates an actual result / revised 4D model, which is a three-dimensional structural diagram that reflects actual results as construction progresses. If construction progresses according to the original plan, the actual result / revised 4D model is the same as the planned 4D model. However, if construction progress is faster or slower than the original plan, the actual result / revised 4D model creation unit 16 accepts schedule revision input and creates an actual result / revised 4D model different from the planned 4D model, in which the end date and time of that process are revised to match the actual results. In this case, the processes following the revised process are also revised so that they are either advanced by the amount of the advance or delayed by the amount of the delay. If the next process cannot be advanced due to material procurement or personnel availability, or if the completion of the process can be made up for by the delay, input to maintain the schedule of the subsequent process may be accepted, and the schedule of only the process whose schedule has been changed may be revised to match the actual results.

[0027] In addition to schedule revisions, the system can also be adapted to reflect the construction site's external conditions, which change daily as the construction progresses. Furthermore, if an unintended situation occurs in the planning stage, such as ground subsidence, and the construction plan needs to be revised, such as by increasing the amount of earth fill, the actual and revised 4D models can be revised.

[0028] The actual results may be input into the actual / revised 4D model by accepting input of the progress status of the work from the construction site's terminal 20, or by the construction site's personnel evaluating and inputting the progress based on images captured by a drone or fixed camera. In some embodiments, in embankment construction, for example, a measuring device capable of acquiring three-dimensional data, such as a 3D laser scanner, may be used to input numerical data on the progress status based on the three-dimensional shape of the construction area, such as the width and height of the embankment. The input data is visualized and reflected in the actual / revised 4D model. Additionally, depending on the content of the construction, measurement data such as ground subsidence due to subsidence plates or floating piles may also be measured and visualized, and the impact of this data may be reflected in the actual / revised 4D model.

[0029] The actual / revised 4D model creation unit 16 stores the created actual / revised 4D models in the storage unit 13 separately from the planned 4D model. While storing the latest actual / revised 4D models is sufficient for use in environmental impact simulations, it is also possible to store the actual / revised 4D models individually each time a revision is made, as a record of the results of past construction work. In particular, if there is a schedule deviation or plan change from the original plan, it is desirable to also enter the cause and save it in association with the actual / revised 4D model.

[0030] Furthermore, just as information about construction machinery and workers is associated with the planning 4D model, additional information, such as the type and number of construction machinery actually used in the process, the number of workers, and their job titles, may be combined and saved in the actual / revised 4D model. Furthermore, in some embodiments, construction machinery and workers may be equipped with sensors capable of acquiring location information, such as GNSS, so that the location information of the construction machinery and workers acquired by the sensors can be received and associated with the actual / revised 4D model. This makes it possible to view the current process status in the actual / revised 4D model by positioning the construction machinery and workers on the actual / revised 4D model based on the latest location information. Furthermore, location information of construction machinery and workers acquired by sensors can be received and saved at regular intervals, making it possible to view the movements of the construction machinery and workers on the actual / revised 4D model. Saving the movements of construction machinery and workers for each process in association with the actual / revised 4D model can be useful for later consideration of improving work efficiency.

[0031] The created actual and revised 4D models are also provided so that they can be viewed on the relevant party's terminal 20 via a specific web page or cloud provided by the construction management server 10. The provided actual and revised 4D models are provided to change the time axis and display the shape of the target building at each point in time, allowing viewers to easily understand the progress of the construction work. If there is additional information including location information for construction machinery and construction workers, this additional information is also provided so that it can be viewed together with the created planned 4D model.

[0032] The environmental information acquisition unit 17 acquires environmental information including predicted environmental changes in the area including the construction site. Examples of environmental changes include wind blowing at the construction site and changes in water levels around the construction site. In the construction of high-rise buildings and the like, there is concern that the effects of wind may affect the work. Therefore, in such construction, the environmental information acquisition unit 17 acquires forecast information such as wind strength and wind direction. Information on wind strength and wind direction for each region is provided by the Japan Meteorological Agency and the like, and such information may be acquired and stored. In addition, the relationship between strong winds and atmospheric pressure distributions observed near the construction site in the past may be stored, and the latest atmospheric pressure distribution conditions may be acquired to predict the wind strength blowing at the construction site. In addition, in the event of a typhoon, information such as the predicted path, wind strength, and wind direction may be acquired from typhoon information. In the construction of high-rise buildings and the like, the effects of wind may differ between the ground and the upper floors. Therefore, sensors capable of measuring wind speed and wind direction may be installed in multiple locations to correct for the effects of wind on the upper floors.

[0033] During river bank construction work, for example, river water level information is important because of concerns about flooding and other damage caused by rising river levels. In such construction work, the environmental information acquisition unit 17 acquires river water level information. Even in river construction work, monitoring changes can be achieved by installing sensors capable of measuring water levels in rivers near the construction site, but future disasters cannot be predicted. Therefore, the environmental information acquisition unit 17 acquires predicted water level information. River water level information can be obtained, for example, from river disaster prevention information provided by the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism. Data on the relationship between rainfall and rising water levels in relevant areas can also be acquired from past flood records, and this can be correlated with rainfall forecasts to predict rising water levels. Furthermore, in the case of rivers, if there is a dam upstream, the release of water from the dam can also cause rising water levels downstream. Therefore, in this embodiment, information on water discharge from the dam is also included in the acquired data. Furthermore, since the influence of tides is also a concern when construction work is performed near the sea, depending on the construction location, the environmental information acquisition unit 17 also acquires and stores predicted tide level information.

[0034] The environmental information acquisition unit 17 may store a list of sources from which to obtain necessary environmental information depending on the content of the construction work. If the source of environmental information is a website of the Japan Meteorological Agency, the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism, or the like, storing the address of the webpage that provides the environmental information allows for easy access. In addition, storing a list of measuring devices such as sensors required to obtain information about the status of the construction site makes it possible to arrange for all measuring devices to be installed during construction work. In one embodiment, the list of sources from which to obtain environmental information is stored in the memory unit 13 so that it can be read out as needed when creating a 4D model or performing an environmental impact simulation.

[0035] The environmental impact simulation unit 18 performs an environmental impact simulation by reflecting the environmental information acquired by the environmental information acquisition unit 17 in the actual performance / correction 4D model, and provides the environmental impact simulation results to the concerned terminal 20. The environmental impact simulation results are provided so that the time progression of how the range of environmental impact expands over time for the actual performance / correction 4D model and how it subsequently converges can be seen.

[0036] Combining actual and revised 4D models with environmental information, including forecasts, makes it possible to predict what kind of damage will occur in the future. For example, in the case of construction work on a river, if a rise in the river is predicted, an environmental impact simulation can be performed in accordance with the progress of the work, making it possible to understand what kind of flood damage will occur when the maximum water level is reached. Furthermore, by performing an environmental impact simulation even if the work progresses more quickly than it is now using actual and revised 4D models, it is possible to understand whether there will be an impact on the extent of flood damage compared to the extent of flood damage that would occur with the current work schedule. This can also be used to make decisions about flood prevention measures, such as whether to advance the work schedule and proceed with the work before the river rises.

[0037] Environmental impact simulations can not only confirm the extent of flooding at the river's maximum water level based on water level forecasts, but can also predict how the flooded area will decrease as the water level drops. Therefore, if construction work is suspended due to predicted flooding, it will also be possible to predict when construction should be resumed.

[0038] The environmental impact simulation unit 18 combines the results of the environmental impact simulation with the actual / revised 4D model and outputs the visualization data, and the output visualization data is provided to the relevant party terminal 20. At this time, for example, if construction machinery such as heavy machinery is submerged due to flooding or if safety concerns are anticipated for construction workers, the results of the environmental impact simulation may be transmitted to the relevant party terminal 20 along with warning information prompting the formulation of an evacuation plan. To determine whether to issue warning information, for example, the height of the area where construction machinery such as heavy machinery is installed when carrying out the process in the actual / revised 4D model may be input as a threshold, and whether to issue warning information may be determined based on whether flooding exceeds this height. Furthermore, the height threshold used to determine whether to issue warning information may be set to the lowest work site height where workers performing the process will stand, instead of the height of the area where construction machinery is installed.

[0039] When wind-related damage is assumed as an environmental impact, the environmental impact simulation unit 18 simulates what kind of strong winds are expected at which construction sites of high-rise buildings. The environmental impact simulation unit 18 represents the results of the environmental impact simulation by using arrows of different sizes and directions to indicate the strength and direction of the wind, and outputs the results as visualized data by overlaying them on the actual and revised 4D models. Potential wind damage includes the toppling of construction machinery such as cranes and the collapse of scaffolding. In one embodiment, the wind speeds at which such damage is expected are input in advance as thresholds. When a wind speed exceeding the threshold is predicted, the results of the environmental impact simulation are transmitted to the relevant party terminal 20 along with warning information urging the formulation of an evacuation plan.

[0040] The evacuation plan provider 19 acquires evacuation plans formulated by the relevant parties and provides them to the construction site in combination with the results of the environmental impact simulation. If the results of the environmental impact simulation indicate that future environmental damage such as flooding or collapse is expected due to predicted environmental changes, the holder of the relevant party terminal 20 to which the results of the environmental impact simulation have been sent will recognize the need to formulate an evacuation plan and formulate an evacuation plan. In particular, by providing the results of the environmental impact simulation together with warning information, the holder of the relevant party terminal 20 will be more aware of the situation and will be more likely to formulate an evacuation plan with a sense of urgency. The formulated evacuation plan is either sent from the relevant party terminal 20 to the construction management server 10 or input directly into the construction management server 10 by the operator of the construction management server 10.

[0041] If the person who will develop the evacuation plan has been decided in advance, the evacuation plan providing unit 19 may store a list of the people who have developed the evacuation plan that have been input in advance, and if no evacuation plan is input for a certain period of time, it may issue information to encourage the development of an evacuation plan based on the list.

[0042] Evacuation plans vary depending on whether the expected damage is wind- or water-related. Evacuation plans for wind-related damage typically involve folding cranes or reinforcing scaffolding, while evacuation plans for water-related damage typically involve evacuating construction machinery and workers to areas unaffected by flooding. Therefore, evacuation plans should be formatted in advance based on the expected damage, and this format can include a list of currently deployed construction machinery linked to the 4D models of the progress and revisions required for the process. This allows the planner to easily identify the construction machinery that needs to be evacuated, and by inputting the date and location for each piece, the outline of the evacuation plan can be easily created.

[0043] Furthermore, if construction machinery and construction site workers are equipped with position sensors such as GNSS, the current positions of construction machinery and workers will be correctly displayed on the actual / corrected 4D model, which overlays the results of the environmental impact simulation, allowing evacuation planners to provide more detailed instructions when creating evacuation plans.In addition, by viewing the latest version of the actual / corrected 4D model, it will be possible to confirm whether evacuation was carried out correctly in accordance with the evacuation plan.

[0044] The evacuation plan created and entered into the construction management server 10 is sent to the relevant party terminals 20 (20-1, 20-2). However, since the relevant parties at the construction site must always confirm the evacuation plan, the evacuation plan providing unit 19 may receive responses confirming the evacuation plan from each of the relevant party terminals 20 (20-2) at the construction site, and may confirm whether the evacuation plan has been thoroughly communicated to all relevant parties at the construction site.

[0045] When evacuation is carried out based on the evacuation plan, construction work is suspended, necessitating the revision of the construction schedule. As mentioned above, the results of the environmental impact simulation allow for a forecast of when construction will resume, so those involved in the construction plan can revise the construction plan based on the evacuation plan and the results of the environmental impact simulation, and reflect this in the actual / revised 4D model. This makes it possible to create a schedule for after environmental damage has occurred in advance and share it with all parties involved.

[0046] The input / output unit 12 includes communication means for transmitting the results of the environmental impact simulation and evacuation plans to the stakeholder terminal 20 via the network 5, and for receiving evacuation plans from the stakeholder terminal 20. The network 5 is a wide area network such as the Internet, and in this embodiment, the communication means includes communication means compatible with the Internet. The input / output unit 12 also includes input means such as a keyboard and mouse for inputting data for creating a 4D model, data for conducting an environmental impact simulation, etc.

[0047] The storage unit 13 stores data such as the planned 4D model, actual and revised 4D models, environmental impact simulation results, and evacuation plans created by the construction management server 10, as well as programs for the environmental impact simulation and programs for controlling the construction management server 10 itself. The storage unit 13 is realized by a hard disk device, a semiconductor memory device, or the like.

[0048] The display unit 14 displays various data such as the planned 4D model, the actual and revised 4D model, and the results of the environmental impact simulation. If necessary, it also displays the environmental impact simulation program and a program for controlling the construction management server 10 itself. The display unit 14 is realized by a display device such as a liquid crystal display.

[0049] The control unit 11 controls each component of the construction management server 10 to perform the functions described above in accordance with a control program stored in the memory unit 13. The control unit 11 is realized by a control circuit including a semiconductor device such as a microcomputer.

[0050] The related party terminals 20 (20-1, 20-2) are terminals used to view the planned 4D model and the actual / revised 4D model, receive and display the results of the environmental impact simulation, and transmit the created evacuation plan to the construction management server 10. In FIG. 1, the related party terminals 20 are distinguished for convenience by the reference numeral 20-2 for the related party terminals of the workers and supervisors who mainly work on the construction site, and the reference numeral 20-1 for the related party terminals of other related parties such as the managers, designers, and engineers of the construction plan, but there is no need to change the functions of the terminals.

[0051] Referring to FIG. 1, the related party terminal 20 (20-1, 20-2) includes a control unit 21, an input / output unit 22, a storage unit 23, and a display unit 24. The input / output unit 22 includes a communication means for transmitting and receiving data to and from the construction management server 10 via the network 5. It also includes input means such as a mouse, keyboard, or touch panel that allow the user to view the planned 4D model, the actual and revised 4D model, and the environmental impact simulation results while changing the time axis. The input means such as a mouse, keyboard, or touch panel are also used for inputting data when reporting the progress of construction work or creating evacuation plans.

[0052] The memory unit 23 stores the received environmental impact simulation results and evacuation plans, as well as various data such as construction progress report data and evacuation plan data, as well as programs that control the relevant party terminals 20 (20-1, 20-2) themselves. The display unit 24 displays various data such as the planned 4D model, the actual and revised 4D model, and the results of the environmental impact simulation. The control unit 21 controls each component of the related party terminal 20 (20-1, 20-2) in accordance with the control program stored in the storage unit 23 so that it performs the functions described above. The related party terminal 20 is realized by a personal computer, a smartphone, a tablet terminal, or the like.

[0053] FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a planned 4D model according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to Figure 2, based on the construction plan, 3D plan models, which are three-dimensional structural diagrams representing the completed state at each stage (Steps 1 to 3) according to the progress of the timeline, are stacked as a 4D plan model. While Figure 2 shows the 3D plan models arranged three-dimensionally along the timeline, in reality, one 3D plan model is created for each stage, associated with timeline information, and stored in memory 13. Each 3D plan model is not arranged three-dimensionally and stored as shown in Figure 2. A 4D plan model is a collection of 3D plan models associated with the timeline. A 4D plan model can be viewed by sequentially displaying 3D plan models associated with specific points along the timeline. Furthermore, by using the timeliner function during viewing, the state at a specific point in time can be freely viewed, and a desired period can be displayed continuously.

[0054] The 4D planning model in Figure 2 shows the area around the drainage gate for construction of a new levee and drainage gate between the river and the main levee to create a new detention pond. The drainage gate will be constructed across the levee along the river. The drainage gate is constructed by digging into the ground to form a foundation, and then the pillars supporting the gate and the sluice gate are constructed on top of that. Figure 2 shows the 3D planning model for step 3, showing the completed stage of step 3, with the pillars partially formed on the foundation. This 3D planning model also includes the placement of the necessary number of construction machinery, such as cranes, required for this construction work. The 4D planning model may also include a list of the construction machinery and personnel required for each step. Furthermore, if construction machinery is depicted in the 3D planning model, selecting the selected machinery on the display screen may display the model name of the selected machinery. The 3D planning model may also display the type and location of sensors required to monitor the construction site.

[0055] FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating an example of environmental information according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 3 shows data on the change in the highest water level over time at a point near the construction site on this river when a typhoon approached and caused flooding. Figure 3 also shows the cumulative rainfall at three points upstream of the construction site: points A, B, and C. Point A is the most upstream of the three points. The slope of the cumulative rainfall graph allows the amount of rainfall per hour to be calculated. This data shows that approximately 17 hours have passed since the rain began at the three points upstream of the construction site, and the cumulative rainfall has leveled off at this point, indicating that the rain stopped at this point. The highest water level near the construction site peaked at 24 hours, approximately seven hours after this point, and then gradually dropped, returning to nearly its original level after approximately 72 hours. Such past information can be stored and used to obtain forecasts of rainfall at any location as environmental information for environmental impact simulations, and to predict trends near the construction site.

[0056] FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating an example of an environmental impact simulation result according to an embodiment of the present invention. Figure 4 shows how the occurrence of flooded areas changes over time in the area including the drainage gate shown in Figure 2 when a typhoon approaches and the water level rises, as shown in Figure 3. When flooding damage is assumed, the results of an environmental impact simulation are provided to make it easy to understand how the flooded area changes over time. As an example, Figure 4 shows representative environmental impact simulation results from time t0, when the rain starts, after t hours have passed, and after time T, when flooding reaches its peak. After time t, the flooded areas are scattered in a few places, but after time T, it can be seen that the riverbed is almost entirely covered with water, and the water level has risen to the point where only the top of the levee and the tops of the drainage gate pillars are slightly exposed above the water surface. Therefore, it is easy to understand that there is a high risk of construction machinery being submerged if it is not evacuated. The environmental impact simulation can also be carried out over time to see the situation where the rising water stops and the water subsides.

[0057] FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating a construction management method utilizing a 4D model system according to an embodiment of the present invention. Referring to FIG. 5, in a construction management method utilizing a 4D model system according to an embodiment of the present invention, in step S500, a planned 4D model of a target structure is created based on the construction plan for the target construction work. The planned 4D model is created by creating a planned 3D model, which is a three-dimensional structural diagram representing the completed form at each stage or time point on the schedule, and linking the created multiple planned 3D models to the planned schedule. If the shape of the target structure changes during a single stage, a planned 3D model may be created for each detailed schedule to match the changes in the shape of the target structure within that stage. Conversely, if the shape of the target structure hardly changes over multiple stages, a common planned 3D model may be used for those stages. The planned 3D models from the start to the final completion are compiled and saved as a single planned 4D model on the construction management server 10.

[0058] When construction work begins in accordance with the planned 4D model, in step S510, actual / revised 4D models that reflect the actual results of the work are created as the construction progresses. If the construction progresses smoothly according to the construction plan, the actual / revised 4D models will be the same as the planned 4D model, but if deviations from the original plan occur as the construction progresses, the actual / revised 4D models will be revised and saved accordingly. The actual / revised 4D models can be created in the same intervals as the planned 4D model, i.e., if the planned 4D model is created in process units, they can be created for each process unit, or if the planned 4D model is created for each schedule point that marks a division, they can be created for each schedule point that marks a division, but they can also be created in smaller intervals than the planned 4D model. The progress of construction work may be reported from the concerned person's terminal 20, or may be input data such as images of the construction site or measurements from sensors installed at the construction site.

[0059] Next, in step S520, environmental information including a prediction of environmental changes is acquired, and in step S530, an environmental impact simulation is performed. In Fig. 5, the acquisition of environmental information and the implementation of the environmental impact simulation are described as being performed after the creation of the actual and revised 4D models, but since the creation of the actual and revised 4D models is carried out continuously throughout the construction period, the order is not limited to that shown in Fig. 5, and the acquisition of environmental information and the implementation of the environmental impact simulation may be performed in parallel with the creation of the actual and revised 4D models, or may be performed between the creation of multiple actual and revised 4D models.

[0060] Environmental information may be acquired by regularly monitoring websites that issue forecasts of environmental changes, such as those of the Japan Meteorological Agency and the Ministry of Land, Infrastructure, Transport and Tourism, and acquiring the forecasts related to construction work as soon as they are issued. Furthermore, when a sensor such as a water level gauge installed at the construction site indicates a measurement value that indicates an unusually sudden change, the measurement value and the forecast related to the measurement value may be acquired. An environmental impact simulation is conducted when there is a change in the acquired environmental information. Additionally, an environmental impact simulation may be conducted in advance of construction work using virtual environmental information in order to understand anticipated risks.

[0061] When an environmental impact simulation based on predicted environmental changes is performed, the results of the environmental impact simulation are sent to the relevant parties' terminals 20 in step S540 and provided to the relevant parties. In particular, if the results of the environmental impact simulation indicate that the predicted environmental changes exceed a threshold, which could cause damage to construction machinery, etc., warning information is also provided to encourage the formulation of an evacuation plan. In this way, by performing an environmental impact simulation in response to the construction situation at the construction site, which changes every day, the impact can be visually shared among the relevant parties.

[0062] As a result, when it is determined that evacuation of construction machinery, construction site workers, etc. is necessary, an evacuation plan formulated by the relevant parties is acquired (step S550), and the acquired evacuation plan is sent and provided to the relevant parties' terminals 20, including the construction site, together with the results of the environmental impact simulation (step S560). The evacuation plan includes information on when, where, and how to evacuate construction machinery and workers, so that evacuation is carried out in accordance with the evacuation plan at the construction site before they are affected by environmental changes.

[0063] If an evacuation not included in the construction plan occurs, construction work will be interrupted, requiring the construction plan to be revised. Therefore, in step S570, the relevant parties revise the actual and revised 4D models based on the evacuation plan and the results of the environmental impact simulation. As a result, even if damage occurs due to environmental changes not included in the original construction plan, the damage can be minimized by evacuation in advance, and revised schedules that take environmental damage into account at an early stage can be shared among the relevant parties by viewing the latest actual and revised 4D models, allowing construction work to proceed efficiently.

[0064] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above with reference to the drawings, the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments and can be modified in various ways without departing from the technical scope of the present invention. [Explanation of symbols]

[0065] 1 Construction management system 5. Network 10 Construction management server 11, 21 Control unit 12, 22 Input / output section 13, 23 Storage section 14, 24 Display section 15 Planning 4D Model Creation Department 16. 4D Model Creation Department 17 Environmental Information Acquisition Department 18 Environmental Impact Simulation Department 19 Evacuation Planning Department 20, 20-1, 20-2 Stakeholder terminals

Claims

1. A step of creating a planned 4D model, which is a planned three-dimensional structural diagram with a time axis at the construction site, based on the construction plan; A step of creating a performance / correction 4D model, which is a three-dimensional structural diagram that reflects the performance as the construction progresses, based on the planning 4D model; obtaining environmental information including a prediction of environmental changes in an area including a construction site; A step of reflecting the acquired environmental information in the actual / modified 4D model and performing an environmental impact simulation; A construction management method utilizing a 4D model system, comprising the steps of: providing the results of the environmental impact simulation to the terminals of the parties involved; acquiring an evacuation plan formulated by the parties involved; and providing the plan to the construction site in combination with the results of the environmental impact simulation.

2. The construction management method utilizing a 4D model system according to claim 1, further comprising a step of modifying the construction plan based on the evacuation plan and the results of the environmental impact simulation and reflecting the modified 4D model in the actual / modified 4D model.

3. 2. A construction management method utilizing a 4D model system as described in claim 1, characterized in that the method comprises: providing a sensor for acquiring the status of the construction site; visualizing the construction site status acquired by the sensor in the actual performance / revised 4D model or the results of the environmental impact simulation, and revising the construction plan based on the visualized results and reflecting them in the actual performance / revised 4D model.

4. A construction management system utilizing a 4D model system equipped with a construction management server connected via a network to terminals of people involved in the construction site, including the construction site, The construction management server a 4D planning model creation unit that creates a 4D planning model, which is a three-dimensional structural drawing of the construction site along with a time axis, based on the construction plan; a performance / correction 4D model creation unit that creates a performance / correction 4D model, which is a three-dimensional structural diagram that reflects the performance as the construction progresses, based on the planning 4D model; an environmental information acquisition unit that acquires environmental information including predictions of environmental changes in the area including the construction site; an environmental impact simulation unit that performs an environmental impact simulation by reflecting the acquired environmental information in the actual / corrected 4D model and provides the results of the environmental impact simulation to a terminal of a person involved; A construction management system characterized by comprising an evacuation plan providing unit that acquires evacuation plans formulated by stakeholders and provides them to the construction site in combination with the results of an environmental impact simulation.

Images