Method for capturing materials and removing them

Abstract

To simply remove a captured object captured by a capturing material.SOLUTION: A removal method of a captured object (100) captured by a capturing material (1) includes the steps of: removing a captured object captured by a beam member (25) stretched between column members in which a space (Sa) between the column members (21, 23) is wider than a width of heavy machines (201, 202) or a transport vehicle (210), on the downstream side of the capturing material; removing the beam member stretched between the column members; carrying in the heavy machine or the transport vehicle to the upstream side of the capturing material from between the column members; carrying out the captured object by the heavy machine or the transport vehicle on the upstream side of the capturing material; and mounting the removed beam member between the column members.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 7

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a method for removing a captured object such as a rock or driftwood captured by a capturing device and the capturing device.

Background Art

[0002] There is known a capturing device installed in a small stream or the like that captures rocks, driftwood, etc. contained in a debris flow (see, for example, Patent Document 1). When a debris flow occurs due to a typhoon or heavy rain, the capturing device allows flowing water to pass through and captures rocks, driftwood, etc. contained in the debris flow to suppress the spread of damage downstream. The capturing device is mainly composed of column members and beam members formed from steel materials.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0003]

Patent Document 1

Summary of the Invention

Problems to be Solved by the Invention

[0004] After a debris flow occurs, captured objects such as captured rocks and driftwood accumulate on the upstream side of the capturing device. If left unattended, the function of the capturing device cannot be exerted, so it is necessary to remove the accumulated captured objects. However, the capturing device is often installed in narrow mountainous areas, and there are many places where there is no road for heavy machinery or transport vehicles to pass. Therefore, when removing the captured objects, the construction method is limited, such as transporting the necessary heavy machinery from the downstream side of the capturing device to the upstream side by a crane or operating the arm of the heavy machinery to straddle the capturing device from the downstream side of the capturing device. As a result, the work efficiency has been extremely poor.

[0005] Therefore, the present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object thereof is to provide a capturing device and a method for removing a captured object that can easily remove the captured object. [Means for solving the problem]

[0006] To solve the above problems, an embodiment of the present invention provides a trapping structure comprising: a foundation provided along the transverse direction of the expected debris flow path; and a trapping body erected on the foundation for trapping objects in the debris flow, wherein the trapping body comprises a plurality of column members erected on the foundation along the transverse direction; and a plurality of beam members spanning between the column members, and the distance between at least one pair of adjacent column members is greater than the width of the heavy machinery or transport vehicle used to remove the objects.

[0007] Furthermore, it is preferable that the distance between the pair of column members located at at least one end in the transverse direction is greater than the width of the heavy machinery or the transport vehicle.

[0008] Furthermore, it is preferable that the distance between the pair of column members is 3m or more.

[0009] Furthermore, it is preferable that the beam member is detachably attached to the column member.

[0010] To solve the above problems, an embodiment of the present invention is a method for removing captured material captured by the above-described capture structure, comprising the steps of: removing captured material captured on a beam member spanning between column members where the spacing between the column members is greater than the width of the heavy machinery or transport vehicle, downstream of the capture structure; removing the beam member spanning between the column members; bringing the heavy machinery or transport vehicle upstream of the capture structure from between the column members; transporting the captured material using the heavy machinery or transport vehicle upstream of the capture structure; and attaching the removed beam member between the column members.

[0011] Furthermore, it is preferable to attach and detach the beam member to the column member using fasteners. [Effects of the Invention]

[0012] According to the aspect of the present invention, even when there is no road for heavy machinery or transport vehicles to pass around the catching device, the caught object can be easily removed.

Brief Description of the Drawings

[0013] [Figure 1] It is a perspective view showing the catching device. [Figure 2] It is a perspective view of the catching device seen from the upstream side. [Figure 3] It is a side view of the catching device. [Figure 4] It is a perspective view for explaining the configuration of the holder. [Figure 5] It is a diagram for explaining the step of removing the caught object captured by the catching body from the downstream side of the catching device. [Figure 6] It is a diagram for explaining the step of removing the beam member of the catching body. [Figure 7] It is a diagram for explaining the step of carrying in heavy machinery and transport vehicles between the column members of the catching body and carrying out the caught object. [Figure 8] It is a diagram for explaining the step of attaching the beam member of the catching body between the column members. [Figure 9] It is a perspective view of a modified example of the catching body seen from the upstream side. [Figure 10] It is a diagram showing a modified example of the beam member. [Figure 11] It is a diagram showing a modified example of the beam member.

Mode for Carrying Out the Invention

[0014] Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. Note that the embodiments shown below are examples, and various embodiments can be adopted within the scope of the present invention.

[0015] <Configuration of the Catching Device> As shown in FIG. 1, the catching device 1 is provided, for example, in a narrow place such as a small valley where debris flow is expected to occur due to typhoons or heavy rain. The catching device 1 is constructed so as to face the expected flow of debris flow. For the sake of convenience in explanation, the predicted flow direction of the debris flow is designated as "F", the upstream side as "F1", and the downstream side as "F2". Also, the direction (transverse direction) intersecting the flow direction F of the debris flow is designated as "W", which is the width direction of the capture structure 1.

[0016] In FIG. 1, the capture structure 1 is provided so as to extend along the direction crossing a river or a valley. As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the capture structure 1 includes a foundation 10 constructed on the ground G at the construction position, and capture bodies 20, 20A provided so as to stand on the foundation 10 to capture objects (such as rocks and driftwood) in the debris flow. The capture structure 1 includes a standard-specification capture body 20 and a maintenance capture body 20A. Since they have the same configuration except for the width of the capture body being different, the same components are denoted by the same reference numerals for explanation.

[0017] The foundation 10 is, for example, a concrete structure formed in a rectangular parallelepiped shape. The foundation 10 is provided along the direction crossing a river or a valley. The foundation 10 may be constructed at the construction site so as to be one large concrete structure, or may be formed in a size that can be transported by a transport vehicle or the like and installed at the construction site. In FIG. 1, the integrally formed foundation 10 is taken as an example for explanation.

[0018] As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, a plurality of capture bodies 20 are provided on the upper surface of the foundation 10. The capture bodies 20 are provided on the upper surface of the foundation 10 so as to be arranged substantially without gaps along the width direction W of the capture structure 1. The capture body 20A is provided only at one end in the width direction W of the capture structure 1. The capture bodies 20, 20A include column members 21, 23 erected on the foundation 10, and a beam member 25 spanned between the column members 21 on the upstream side F1 of the flow direction of the debris flow in the column member 21. The capture structure 1 includes four column members 21, 23 and six beam members 25, but the numbers of the column members 21, 23 and the beam members 25 are not limited to specific numbers.

[0019] The column members 21 and 23 are formed, for example, from H-shaped steel. The column members 21 and 23 are connected to the foundation 10. The four column members 21 and 23 consist of two upstream column members 21 and two downstream column members 23. Each column member 21 is erected on the foundation 10 with one end connected to it. The upstream column member 21 extends diagonally toward the downstream side F2 as it moves upward from the foundation 10. The downstream column member 23 extends diagonally toward the upstream side F1 as it moves upward from the foundation 10. The upstream column member 21 and the downstream column member 23 move closer to each other as they move upward. The downstream column member 23 is connected at its upper end (other end) to the vicinity of the upper end of the upstream column member 21. When the capture structure 1 is viewed from the side, the capture bodies 20 and 20A are assembled in a λ shape, with the upstream column member 21 and the downstream column member 23 arranged in a λ shape.

[0020] As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the upstream column member 21 and the downstream column member 23 each have a base plate 30 at one end. The base plate 30 is formed to have a rectangular surface in plan view that is larger than the cross-section of the upstream column member 21 and the downstream column member 23. The base plate 30 is attached to one end (lower end) of each of the upstream column member 21 and the downstream column member 23 by welding. Holes are formed near each corner of the base plate 30, and the base plate 30 is attached to the foundation 10 by inserting anchor members 35 through these holes. The upstream column member 21 and the downstream column member 23 are joined to the upper surface of the base plate 30 by welding. The upstream column member 21 and the downstream column member 23 are provided so that the flanges 22a forming the H-shaped steel face the upstream side F1 and the downstream side F2. Holders 40 are attached to the flange 22a of the upstream column member 21 facing the upstream side F1 at predetermined intervals along the extending direction of the upstream column member 21.

[0021] As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the beam member 25 is attached to the flange 22a facing the upstream side F1 of the upstream column member 21 by a holder 40. The beam member 25 is formed from a steel pipe with a circular cross-section. The beam members 25 are spanned between the upstream column members 21 at predetermined intervals along the extending direction of the upstream column members 21. The extending directions of each beam member 25 are approximately parallel to each other. Both ends of the beam member 25 in the extending direction extend outward from the upstream column member 21 in the width direction W.

[0022] The retainer 40 is detachably attached by fasteners (for example, bolts and nuts) at predetermined intervals along the extending direction of the upstream column member 21 to the flange 22a of the upstream column member 21 facing the upstream side F1. As shown in Figure 4, the holder 40 is made of, for example, steel. The holder 40 has a base plate 41 and a retaining plate 42. The base plate 41 is fixed to the flange 22a of the upstream column member 21. The base plate 41 is formed so as not to protrude from the flange 22a and is fixed to the upstream column member 21 by fasteners. The retaining plate 42 is erected on the base plate 41 facing the upstream side F1 and holds the beam member 25. The retaining plate 42 is a steel plate joined to the surface of the base plate 41 by welding or the like. The retaining plate 42 has a circular hole 43 through which the beam member 25 is inserted. By inserting the beam member 25 through this hole 43 and welding the beam member 25 to the retaining plate 42 at the position of the hole 43, the beam member 25 is held to the upstream column member 21. As a result, the beam member 25 is detachably attached to the upstream column member 21. Furthermore, the fixing of the beam member 25 to the holder 40 is not limited to fixing by welding; for example, bolts and nuts may be used.

[0023] Here, as shown in Figure 1, the number and arrangement of column members 21, 23 and beam members 25 are the same for the capture bodies 20 and 20A, but only the capture body 20A, which is provided at one end in the width direction W of the capture structure 1, has its spacing Sa between the upstream column members 21 and the spacing Sa between the downstream column members 23 wider than the width of the heavy machinery 201, 202 (see Figures 5, 6, and 8) or transport vehicle 210 (see Figure 7) used to remove the captured object 100 (see Figures 5 to 7), and the length of the beam members 25 is also longer than the beam members 25 of the other capture bodies 20. In other words, the capture body 20A is wider than the capture body 20. Specifically, while the spacing Sb between the upstream column members 21 and the downstream column members 23 of the capture body 20 is about 2m, the spacing Sa between the upstream column members 21 and the downstream column members 23 of the capture body 20A is 3m or more. This is wider than other trapping bodies 20 to allow heavy machinery such as excavators 201, 202 and transport vehicles such as trucks 210 to pass between the column members 21, 23. In other words, trapping structure 1 traps rocks, driftwood, etc. in debris flows, but if the trapped material 100 that trapping structure 1 has trapped is left as is, trapping structure 1 will not function, so it is necessary to remove the trapped material 100 that has accumulated upstream of trapping structure 1, and trapping body 20A is used when removing the trapped material 100. Therefore, trapping structure 1 is equipped with a standard trapping body 20 and a trapping body 20A for maintenance.

[0024] <Method for constructing a capture device> Next, a method for removing the captured object 100 captured by the capture device 1 will be described. When removing the captured object 100, the capture body 20A of the capture device 1 will be used. As shown in Figure 5, when removing the captured material 100, an excavator (heavy machinery) 201 is positioned downstream of the capture structure 1, and the arm 201a and bucket 201b are extended from above the capture body 20A to remove the captured material 100 accumulated upstream of the capture body 20A. After removing the captured material 100 accumulated in the capture body 20A, as shown in Figure 6, the beam members 25 of the capture body 20A are removed one by one, starting from the upper beam members 25, using a crane (heavy machinery) 202 positioned downstream of the capture structure 1. Here, since the beam members 25 are attached to the upstream column member 21 via a holder 40, the beam members 25 can be easily removed from the upstream column member 21 by removing the fasteners of the holder 40.

[0025] When the beam member 25 is removed, a passage with a width of 3m or more is secured between the upstream column members 21 and the downstream column members 23 of the capture body 20A. Then, as shown in Figure 7, an excavator 201 and a truck (transport vehicle) 210 are brought in through this passage to excavate and transport the captured material 100 accumulated on the upstream side of the capture structure 1. Of course, the captured material 100 accumulated not only on the upstream side of the capture body 20A but also on the upstream side of the capture body 20 is removed. As the work progresses, the space on the upstream side of the capture structure 1 expands, so the work efficiency is greatly improved. Once the removal of the captured material 100 accumulated on the upstream side of the capture structure 1 is complete, the heavy machinery 201, 202 and transport vehicles 210 that were brought in are moved outside, and as shown in Figure 8, the crane (heavy machinery) 202 positioned on the downstream side of the capture structure 1 is used to attach all of the beam members 25 of the removed capture body 20A to the upstream column member 21 in order from the lower beam member 25. Here, since the beam members 25 are attached to the upstream column member 21 via holders 40, the beam members 25 can be easily attached to the upstream column member 21 by attaching the fasteners of the holders 40. By following the steps described above, the captured object 100 captured by the capture operation 1 can be removed.

[0026] As described above, with the capture structure 1 constructed in this manner, at least some of the capture bodies 20A have a spacing Sa between the upstream column members 21 and the downstream column members 23 that is larger than the width of the heavy machinery 201, 202 and transport vehicles 210 used to remove the captured material 100 (for example, 3m or more). Therefore, by removing the captured material 100 accumulated on the upstream side of the capture body 20A and removing the beam members 25, the heavy machinery 201, 202 and transport vehicles 210 can drive under their own power to enter the upstream side of the capture structure 1. This eliminates limitations on construction methods, such as transporting the necessary heavy machinery 201, 202 to the upstream side from the downstream side of the capture structure 1 using a crane, or gathering the captured material 100 near the capture structure 1 and operating the arm 201a and bucket 201b of the excavator 201 to straddle the capture structure 1 from the downstream side. Therefore, it becomes easier to remove the captured material 100 than before, significantly improving work efficiency. Furthermore, by placing the capture body 20A at the end of the capture structure 1 in the width direction W where the impact of the debris flow is smallest, damage to the capture body 20A, which has lower strength than the capture body 20, can be suppressed as the distance Sa between the column members 21 and 23 becomes longer. In addition, since the amount of captured material 100 accumulated at the end of the capture structure 1 in the width direction W is less than near the center, the working time required for removing the captured material can be shortened.

[0027] Furthermore, in the capture structures 20 and 20A, beam members 25 formed from steel pipes are connected to upstream column members 21 formed from H-shaped steel using fasteners via holders 40. Here, since the capture structures 20 and 20A absorb the energy of the debris flow through the indentation and deflection of the steel pipes and support the reaction force with the downstream column members 23, the entire capture structure 1 does not undergo large deformations, and only the beam members 25 that have been damaged after capturing rocks, driftwood, etc., contained in the debris flow can be easily replaced. Furthermore, when removing rocks, driftwood, etc., after capturing them, the rock and wood removal work can be carried out smoothly by sequentially removing the beam members 25 from the top of the beam members 25. Note that the removal and installation of the beam members 25 can be started from any of the beam members 25 in the height direction. Furthermore, the removal and installation of the beam member 25 can be easily performed by attaching and detaching the retaining device 40 to the upstream column member 21 using fasteners, thereby improving work efficiency. Furthermore, the trapping structure 1 is configured in a λ shape by diagonally connecting the downstream column member 23 to the upstream column member 21, allowing it to be configured in an optimal shape according to the load of the debris flow expected at the site. In other words, by configuring the trapping structure 1 in a λ shape, the horizontal load of the debris flow can be decomposed into a component parallel to the upstream column member 21 and a component perpendicular to it.

[0028] <Variation> Next, a modified example of the capture device will be described. In the following description, parts that differ from the above embodiment will be described, and the same parts will be used with the same names or reference numerals, and their descriptions will be omitted. As shown in Figure 9, the configuration of the capture body constituting the capture structure 1B may be configured as shown in the capture body 20B. The capture body 20B has two column members 21B and seven beam members 25. The column members 21B extend linearly vertically from the upper surface of the foundation 10, and the two column members 21B are arranged parallel to each other. The spacing Sa between the column members 21B of the capture body 20B is wider than that of other capture bodies (not shown in the figure, but with the same configuration as the capture body 20B), and the length of the beam members 25 is also longer than that of the beam members 25 of other capture bodies. In other words, the capture body 20B is wider than that of other capture bodies. Specifically, while the spacing between the column members of other capture bodies is about 2m, the spacing Sa between the column members 21B of the capture body 20B is 3m or more, which is larger than the width of the heavy machinery 201, 202 or transport vehicle 210 used to remove the captured object 100.

[0029] As shown in Figure 9, the column member 21B has a base plate 30 provided at one end of the column member 21B. Holes are formed near each corner of the base plate 30, and the base plate 30 is attached to the foundation 10 by inserting anchor members 35 through these holes. The column member 21B is joined to the upper surface of the base plate 30 by welding. The column member 21B is provided such that the flange 22Ba forming the H-shaped steel faces the upstream side F1 and the downstream side F2. Holders 40 are attached to the flange 22Ba of the column member 21B facing the upstream side F1 at predetermined intervals along the extending direction of the column member 21B. The beam member 25 is attached to the flange 22Ba facing the upstream side F1 of the column member 21B by a retainer 40. Although the containment structure 1B includes two column members 21B, the number of column members 21B and beam members 25 is determined by the size of the containment structure 1B being constructed and is not limited to a specific number. Furthermore, even in the case of capture work 1B, the spacing Sa between the column members 21B is formed to a width that allows heavy machinery 201, 202 and transport vehicles 210 to pass through, so the captured object 100 can be removed in the same manner as in the above embodiment.

[0030] <Other> Although preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described above, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments described above, but includes all aspects included in the concept and claims of the present invention. For example, the capture bodies 20A and 20B are not limited to being installed only once at the ends in the width direction W of the capture structures 1 and 1B, but may also be installed at both ends in the width direction W, or one or more may be installed at intermediate positions between the ends in the width direction W, or multiple may be installed throughout the entire area of ​​the capture structures 1 and 1B. In other words, the installation location and number of capture bodies 20A and 20B can be freely changed according to the conditions of the construction site. Furthermore, the spacing Sa between the upstream column members 21 and the downstream column members 23 of the capture body 20A is not limited to 3m or more and can be changed as long as it allows heavy machinery 201, 202 and transport vehicles 210, which are necessary for transporting the captured object 100 to the upstream side of the capture structure 1 to be driven through under their own power. Similarly, the spacing Sa between the column members 21B of the capture body 20B is not limited to 3m or more and can be changed as long as it allows heavy machinery 201, 202 and transport vehicles 210, which are necessary for transporting the captured object 100 to the upstream side of the capture structure 1B to be driven through under their own power. Furthermore, the beam member 25 was formed from a steel pipe with a circular cross-section, but is not limited to this. For example, as shown in Figure 10, the beam member 125 may be formed from a steel pipe with a rectangular cross-sectional shape. The holes formed in the holder 140 that holds the beam member 125 have a shape corresponding to the cross-sectional shape of the beam member 125. In other words, the holes are formed in a rectangular shape. Alternatively, as shown in Figure 11, the beam member 225 may be made from an H-shaped steel. The beam member 225 is directly attached to the flange 22a of the upstream F1 of the upstream column member 21 by bolts or the like at the flange 225a of the downstream F2. Furthermore, the foundation 10 may be a single, integrally formed foundation, or multiple foundations 10 may be provided for each of the capture bodies 20, 20A, and 20B. Furthermore, the upstream column member 21, the downstream column member 23, and the column member 21B may be attached to the foundation 10 by inserting the anchor member 35 through the base plate 30, or they may be embedded in the foundation 10 and fixed in place. [Explanation of symbols]

[0031] 1,1B Capture work 10 Basics 20,20A,20B Capture object 21 Upstream column member 21B Column member 23 Downstream column member 25 Beam members 40 Holder 100 Captured object 201,202 Heavy machinery 210 Transport Vehicles

Claims

1. A foundation provided along the transverse direction of the expected debris flow path, It comprises a plurality of column members erected on the foundation along the transverse direction, and a plurality of beam members detachably spanned between the column members on the upstream side of the debris flow direction of the column members, and captures objects in the debris flow, and a plurality of capture bodies arranged along the transverse direction, A method for removing captured material by a capture structure, wherein the distance between a pair of adjacent column members of the capture structure located at at least one end in the transverse direction is such that a first heavy machine or transport vehicle used for removing the captured material can pass through, The steps include: positioning the first heavy machine downstream of the capture structure, extending a part of the first heavy machine from above the capture body, and removing the captured object upstream of the capture structure that is trapped on the beam member spanning between the column members, where the spacing between the column members is such that the first heavy machine or the transport vehicle can pass through; A second heavy machine used for attaching and detaching the beam member is positioned downstream of the aforementioned capture structure, and the beam member, which is detachably spanned between the column members, is removed using the second heavy machine. A step of bringing the first heavy machine or the transport vehicle from the downstream side to the upstream side of the capture structure through the gap between the column members, Upstream of the capture work, the captured material is transported out by the first heavy machine or the transport vehicle. Using the second heavy machine, the removed beam member is attached between the column members, A method for removing captured objects, characterized by having the following features.

2. The method for removing captured objects according to claim 1, characterized in that the beam member is attached to and detached from the column member using fasteners.

3. The method for removing captured material according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that, in the step of attaching the removed beam member between the column members, the beam member is attached from the lower side of the column members.

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