Control system, temperature controller, transport temperature control unit, mobile unit, control method and control program

Abstract

To provide: a control system capable of easily suppressing a change of temperature due to opening of a door of a cargo compartment, a temperature control device, a temperature control unit for transportation, a movable body, a control method, and a control program.SOLUTION: A control system 50 controls a temperature control device provided on a movable body. The temperature control device comprises: a temperature-control controller 51 comprising a compressor, an out-cargo compartment heat exchanger, an in-cargo compartment heat exchanger, and an in-cargo compartment fan, and performs temperature control operation of the cargo compartment provided with the in-cargo compartment heat exchanger; a detector 52 detecting a temperature fluctuation state where temperature of the cargo compartment fluctuates or temperature fluctuation in the cargo compartment is predicted; and a heat-storage controller 54 which, upon detecting the temperature fluctuation state, drives the compressor and relatively reduces the number of rotations of the in-cargo compartment fan.SELECTED DRAWING: Figure 5

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to a control system, a temperature control device, a temperature control unit for transportation, a moving body, a control method, and a control program.

Background Art

[0002] A moving body (for example, a transport truck, a passenger car, etc.) for managing the temperature state of a cargo compartment and transporting cargo to a destination is equipped with a temperature control device such as a refrigerator or a heater for transportation. When the door of the cargo compartment is opened for loading and unloading cargo, air circulates due to the temperature difference between the inside and outside of the cargo compartment and forced ventilation by the fan of the heat exchanger inside the cargo compartment. In the case of a refrigerator, the temperature inside the cargo compartment rises, and in the case of a heater, the temperature inside the cargo compartment drops. The temperature change caused by the opening of the door of the cargo compartment has an adverse effect on the state of the cargo.

[0003] To prevent the temperature change caused by the opening of the door of the cargo compartment, it is recommended to stop the temperature control device during door opening, but it is necessary for the operator to perform the operation of stopping the temperature control device. In addition, it is conceivable to install a curtain or the like for preventing air leakage inside the cargo compartment on the door portion of the cargo compartment, but this causes an increase in cost for installation and a deterioration in workability during loading and unloading of cargo, and as a result, there may be cases where the curtain or the like is not installed or not used. Also, there is a configuration in which the opening and closing state of the door of the cargo compartment is detected by a door switch, and when the door opening is detected, the refrigerator automatically stops operating. However, the door switch is an essential component, and there is a risk of an increase in cost for installing the door switch and the inability to control in the case of a failure of the door switch.

[0004] On the other hand, Patent Document 1 discloses a technique for detecting the opening and closing state of the door of a cargo compartment by a door switch and driving a compressor and a fan that stop when the integrated time of door opening reaches a threshold value.

Prior Art Documents

Patent Documents

[0005]

Patent Document 1

[0006] However, in the invention described in Patent Document 1, outside air enters the cargo compartment when the fan is driven, causing the temperature inside the cargo compartment to change. Also, if the temperature control unit is a refrigerator, when outside air containing moisture enters the cargo compartment when the fan is driven, frost forms on the heat exchanger inside the cargo compartment when the operation returns to normal refrigeration, reducing the refrigeration capacity.

[0007] This disclosure is made in view of these circumstances and aims to provide a control system, temperature control unit, transport temperature control unit, mobile unit, control method, and control program that can suppress the inflow of outside air due to the opening of the cargo compartment door and quickly return to normal control. [Means for solving the problem]

[0008] A first aspect of the present disclosure is a control system for controlling a temperature control unit installed on a mobile body, wherein the temperature control unit comprises a compressor, an external heat exchanger, an internal heat exchanger, and a fan for the internal heat exchanger, and includes a temperature control unit that performs temperature control operation for a cargo compartment in which the internal heat exchanger is installed, a detection unit that detects a temperature fluctuation state in which the temperature of the cargo compartment fluctuates or in which a temperature fluctuation of the cargo compartment is predicted, and a heat storage control unit that, when the temperature fluctuation state is detected, operates the compressor and performs heat storage control to relatively reduce the rotation speed of the fan for the internal heat exchanger. The heat storage control unit stops the heat storage control when it receives a signal to stop the heat storage control, and / or when it detects that a predetermined time has elapsed since the door of the cargo compartment was opened, and / or when it detects that the measured value of the compressor has fallen outside a predetermined operating range, and / or when the temperature inside the cargo compartment reaches the control termination temperature. When the heat storage control unit stops the heat storage control when it detects that a predetermined time has elapsed since the door of the cargo compartment was opened, it is possible to change the length of the predetermined time based on position information obtained from a GPS installed on the mobile body. .

[0009] A temperature control unit according to a second aspect of the present disclosure comprises a compressor, an external heat exchanger, an internal heat exchanger, and a fan provided in the internal heat exchanger, and is controlled by the control system described above.

[0010] A third aspect of the present disclosure is a transport temperature control unit in which temperature control is performed by the aforementioned temperature control device and the cargo compartment heat exchanger is provided in the cargo compartment.

[0011] A mobile body according to a fourth aspect of this disclosure comprises a cargo compartment, a temperature control unit provided for the cargo compartment, and the aforementioned control system.

[0012] A fifth aspect of this disclosure is a control method applied to a temperature control unit installed on a mobile body, the temperature control unit comprising a compressor, an external heat exchanger, an internal heat exchanger, and a fan for the internal heat exchanger, the method comprising: a temperature control step of performing temperature control operation on a cargo compartment in which the internal heat exchanger is installed; a detection step of detecting a temperature fluctuation state in which the temperature of the cargo compartment fluctuates or a temperature fluctuation of the cargo compartment is predicted; and a heat storage control step of performing heat storage control in which, when the temperature fluctuation state is detected, the compressor is operated and the rotation speed of the fan for the internal heat exchanger is relatively reduced. The heat storage control process stops the heat storage control when it receives a signal to stop the heat storage control, and / or when it detects that a predetermined time has elapsed since the door of the cargo compartment was opened, and / or when it detects that the measured value of the compressor has fallen outside a predetermined operating range, and / or when the temperature inside the cargo compartment reaches the control termination temperature. The heat storage control process also allows the length of the predetermined time to be changed based on location information obtained from a GPS installed on the mobile body when it detects that the predetermined time has elapsed since the door of the cargo compartment was opened. .

[0013] A sixth aspect of this disclosure is a control program applied to a temperature control unit installed on a mobile body, the temperature control unit comprising a compressor, an external heat exchanger, an internal heat exchanger, and a fan for the internal heat exchanger, and comprising: a temperature control process for performing temperature control operation on a cargo compartment in which the internal heat exchanger is installed; a detection process for detecting a temperature fluctuation state in which the temperature of the cargo compartment fluctuates or a temperature fluctuation of the cargo compartment is predicted; and a heat storage control process for performing heat storage control in which, when the temperature fluctuation state is detected, the compressor is operated and the rotation speed of the fan for the internal heat exchanger is relatively reduced. The heat storage control process stops the heat storage control when it receives a signal to stop the heat storage control, and / or when it detects that a predetermined time has elapsed since the door of the cargo compartment was opened, and / or when it detects that the measured value of the compressor has fallen outside a predetermined operating range, and / or when the temperature inside the cargo compartment reaches the control termination temperature. The heat storage control process also allows the length of the predetermined time to be changed based on location information obtained from a GPS installed on the mobile body when it detects that the predetermined time has elapsed since the door of the cargo compartment was opened. . [Effects of the Invention]

[0014] According to this disclosure, it is possible to provide a control system, temperature control unit, transport temperature control unit, mobile unit, control method, and control program that can suppress the inflow of outside air due to the opening of the cargo compartment door and quickly return to normal control. [Brief explanation of the drawing]

[0015] [Figure 1] This is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of a track according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 2]It is a diagram showing an example of a refrigerant circuit of a refrigerator according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 3] It is a front view of a capacitor unit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 4] It is a diagram showing an example of the hardware configuration of a control system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 5] It is a functional block diagram showing the functions provided by a control system according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 6] It is a flowchart showing an example of a heat storage control procedure according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. [Figure 7] It is a flowchart showing an example of a procedure for ending heat storage control according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

Embodiments for Carrying Out the Invention

[0016] Hereinafter, an embodiment of a control system, a temperature control device, a temperature control unit for transportation, a moving body, a control method, and a control program according to the present disclosure will be described with reference to the drawings.

[0017] FIG. 1 is a diagram (perspective view) showing a schematic configuration of a truck 1 according to an embodiment of the present disclosure. In the present embodiment, the truck 1, which is a vehicle, is exemplified as the moving body, but the moving body is not limited to the truck 1. As shown in FIG. 1, the truck 1 has a cargo compartment 2. The cargo compartment 2 can load goods and can be temperature-controlled by a temperature control device, which is a refrigerator in the present embodiment. The temperature control device may be a heating device that performs heating.

[0018] Then, the truck 1 is equipped with a condensing unit (capacitor unit) 3 and an evaporating unit (evaporator unit) 4. A cabin controller 6 is provided in the driver's cab of the truck 1, and the refrigeration state of the cargo compartment 2 can be operated.

[0019] Track 1 may be equipped with a battery 8. The battery 8 may be capable of charging or discharging, for example, via a connector unit 9. The battery 8 can adopt, for example, Li-ion, Ni-MH, capacitor, lead-acid battery, etc. The battery 8 may be provided in the system on the side of Track 1, in the system on the side of the refrigerator, or in other vehicle-mounted parts.

[0020] Track 1 may be equipped with a device capable of generating electricity, such as an alternator 7. The aforementioned battery 8 and devices capable of generating electricity, such as the alternator 7, can supply power to the temperature control machine.

[0021] FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a refrigerant circuit 10 of a refrigerator mounted on Track 1. The refrigerant circuit 10 in FIG. 2 is only an example, and a refrigerant circuit 10 with other configurations may also be mounted on Track 1.

[0022] As shown in FIG. 2, an evaporator unit 4 is connected to the capacitor unit 3.

[0023] In the capacitor unit 3, the high-temperature and high-pressure refrigerant compressed by the compressor 11 is supplied to the condenser (outdoor heat exchanger) 13 via the valve SV4. In the condenser 13, the refrigerant exchanges heat with the air flowing through the fan 14 and releases heat to condense. Then, the refrigerant is supplied to the evaporator unit 4 installed in the cargo compartment 2 via the receiver 15, the dryer 16, and further via the valve SV1. In the evaporator unit 4, the refrigerant is expanded by the expansion valve EV to be low-temperature and low-pressure. Then, the refrigerant is supplied to the evaporator (indoor heat exchanger in the cargo compartment) 21. In the evaporator 21, the refrigerant exchanges heat with the air flowing through the fan 23 and absorbs heat to evaporate. Thereby, the air in the cargo compartment 2 is cooled. The evaporated refrigerant flows into the compressor 11 via the check valve 26 and further via the accumulator 20.

[0024] In this way, the refrigeration cycle is configured, and the air in the cargo compartment 2 is cooled. Figure 3 is a front view of the condenser unit 3. As shown in Figure 3, when viewed from the front, the condenser 13 is located on the central side of the condenser unit 3, and the compressor 11 is located next to the condenser 13.

[0025] Cargo compartment 2 stores cargo inside, which is cooled by a refrigeration unit. Cargo is moved out of cargo compartment 2 or loaded into cargo compartment 2 by opening and closing a door located on cargo compartment 2.

[0026] As shown in Figure 2, a line bypassing the upstream side of SV1 and the downstream side of the check valve 26, and a valve SV5 provided on this line may be arranged. Alternatively, a drain pan heater for the evaporator unit 4 may be provided, using a portion of the high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant compressed by the compressor 11. Specifically, a portion of the high-temperature, high-pressure refrigerant compressed by the compressor 11 is flowed through line HD and supplied to the drain pan heater of the evaporator unit 4 via valve SV2. The drain pan heater heats the drain pan. After that, the refrigerant is supplied to the upstream side of the evaporator 21.

[0027] Next, the control system 50 will be described. The control system 50 is applied to the refrigeration unit installed in the truck 1 and controls the refrigeration unit. In particular, the control system 50 performs heat storage control to suppress temperature fluctuations in the cargo compartment and to return to normal control as quickly as possible. The control system 50 may be installed, for example, in the cabin controller 6.

[0028] Figure 4 shows an example of the hardware configuration of the control system 50 according to this embodiment. As shown in Figure 4, the control system (Controller) 50 is a computer system, and for example, it includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit: processor) 1100, secondary storage (ROM, Secondary storage: memory) 1200, main memory (RAM, Main Memory) 1300, a hard disk drive (HDD) 1400 as a mass storage device, and a communication unit 1500 for connecting to a network, etc. A solid-state drive (SSD) may be used as the mass storage device. These parts are connected via a bus 1800.

[0029] The CPU 1100 controls the entire control system 50 using an OS (Operating System) stored in a secondary storage device 1200 connected via a bus 1800, and also performs various processes by executing various programs stored in the secondary storage device 1200. One or more CPUs 1100 may be provided and may cooperate with each other to achieve processing.

[0030] The main memory 1300 consists of writable memory such as cache memory and RAM (Random Access Memory), and is used as a work area for reading the CPU 1100's executable program and writing processing data by the executable program.

[0031] The secondary storage device 1200 is a non-transitory computer-readable storage medium. Examples of secondary storage devices 1200 include magnetic disks, magneto-optical disks, CD-ROMs, DVD-ROMs, and semiconductor memory. Examples of secondary storage devices 1200 include ROM (Read Only Memory), HDD (Hard Disk Drive), SSD (Solid State Drive), and flash memory. The secondary storage device 1200 stores, for example, an OS for controlling the entire information processing device such as Windows®, iOS®, and Android®, a BIOS (Basic Input / Output System), various device drivers for hardware operation of peripheral devices, various application software, and various data and files. Furthermore, the secondary storage device 1200 stores programs for implementing various processes and various data required to implement those processes. Multiple secondary storage devices 1200 may be provided, and the aforementioned programs and data may be divided and stored in each secondary storage device 1200.

[0032] A series of processes for realizing the functions of the control system 50 are stored, for example, in the form of a program in a secondary storage device 1200, and the CPU (processor) 1100 reads this program into the main memory 1300 and performs information processing and calculations to realize various functions. The program may be pre-installed in the secondary storage device 1200, provided stored in other non-temporary computer-readable storage media, or distributed via wired or wireless communication. Examples of non-temporary computer-readable storage media include magnetic disks, magneto-optical disks, CD-ROMs, DVD-ROMs, and semiconductor memory.

[0033] Furthermore, the control system 50 may include an input unit consisting of a keyboard or mouse, and a display unit consisting of a liquid crystal display device or the like for displaying data. It may also include a notification unit that includes a display unit and outputs lights, sounds, and especially alarm sounds, such as a speaker.

[0034] Figure 5 is a functional block diagram showing the functions of the control system 50. As shown in Figure 5, the control system 50 mainly consists of a temperature control unit 51, a detection unit 52, and a heat storage control unit 54.

[0035] The temperature control unit 51 performs refrigeration operation (temperature control operation) on the cargo compartment 2, which is equipped with the evaporator 21 of the chiller. The temperature control unit 51 controls the cargo compartment 2 to maintain it at a target temperature in order to transport the cargo in the cargo compartment 2 at an appropriate temperature. That is, it operates the refrigeration circuit shown in Figure 2 to cool the air in the cargo compartment 2.

[0036] The detection unit 52 detects a temperature fluctuation state in which the temperature of the cargo compartment 2 is fluctuating or is expected to fluctuate. For example, the temperature of the cargo compartment 2 may fluctuate when the door of the cargo compartment 2 is opened and outside air enters the cargo compartment 2. Alternatively, the temperature of the cargo compartment 2 may fluctuate when the door of the cargo compartment 2 is expected to open. Such a state in which the temperature of the cargo compartment 2 is fluctuating or is expected to fluctuate is defined as a temperature fluctuation state. The detection unit 52 detects when this temperature fluctuation state is in effect.

[0037] When the detection unit 52 detects a temperature fluctuation, the heat storage control unit 54 operates the compressor 11 and performs heat storage control by relatively reducing the rotation speed of the fan 23 of the evaporator 21.

[0038] [First Embodiment] As described above, in this embodiment, the temperature control unit is a refrigerator. The refrigerator is used to cool the cargo compartment 2 of the truck 1.

[0039] The cargo compartment 2 of truck 1 is cooled and temperature-controlled by a refrigerator controlled by the temperature control unit 51 of the control system 50. A cargo compartment temperature sensor (not shown) is installed in the cargo compartment 2.

[0040] If the cargo compartment temperature measured by the cargo compartment temperature sensor has not reached the target set temperature (or, if cooling is in progress, if the cargo compartment temperature is higher than the target set temperature), the compressor 11 is operated because cooling of cargo compartment 2 is necessary. In addition, the fan 23 of the evaporator 21 is also operated. This state is called cooling thermo on, or thermo on.

[0041] On the other hand, if the cargo compartment temperature measured by the cargo compartment temperature sensor has reached the target set temperature (or, if cooling is in progress, if the cargo compartment temperature is below the target set temperature), the compressor 11 is stopped because cooling of cargo compartment 2 is not necessary. Also, the fan 23 of the evaporator 21 is stopped. This state is called cooling thermo off, or thermo off. In other words, thermo off is a standby state in which the refrigeration unit's power is on and the compressor 11 is stopped.

[0042] This includes both the thermostat-on and thermostat-off states, and the state in which the main operating switch of the refrigeration unit is ON is defined as the refrigeration unit being in operation (the refrigeration unit not being stopped).

[0043] Figure 6 shows a flowchart illustrating an example of a procedure for heat storage control according to one embodiment of the present disclosure. When loading or unloading cargo in cargo compartment 2 of truck 1, the door to cargo compartment 2 is opened, allowing outside air to flow in. In this case, the outside air mixes with the cooled air inside cargo compartment 2, causing the temperature of cargo compartment 2 to fluctuate. If cargo compartment 2 is cooled by a refrigeration unit and the outside temperature is higher than the temperature inside cargo compartment 2, the temperature of cargo compartment 2 will rise. When the temperature inside cargo compartment 2 rises, the temperature of the cargo will also rise, which will have a negative impact on the cargo.

[0044] Therefore, the detection unit 52 of the control system 50 detects a temperature fluctuation state in which the temperature of the cargo compartment 2 is fluctuating or in which a temperature fluctuation of the cargo compartment 2 is predicted (S101). In this embodiment, the detection unit 52 detects the temperature fluctuation state based on the rate of change of the cargo compartment temperature per unit time, which indicates how much the temperature inside the cargo compartment measured by the cargo compartment temperature sensor has changed per unit time.

[0045] The rate of change in cargo compartment temperature is considered to be a value that can be distinguished from the temperature rise in cargo compartment 2 caused by increased heat load due to rising outside temperature or increased cargo volume, or by heat entering cargo compartment 2 from the outside when the door is closed due to a refrigeration unit malfunction. In the case of increased heat load or refrigeration unit malfunction, the temperature rise is gradual, for example, a temperature rise of less than 3°C in 5 minutes.

[0046] A predetermined rate of change indicating that outside air has entered the cargo compartment 2 may be determined in advance, and the detection unit 52 may detect a temperature fluctuation state when the rate of change of the cargo compartment temperature per unit time exceeds this predetermined rate of change. The detection unit 52 may also detect a temperature fluctuation state when the rate of change of the cargo compartment temperature per unit time, for example, changes by 3°C or more in 15 seconds.

[0047] When the detection unit 52 detects a temperature fluctuation, that is, in this embodiment, when it detects that the door of the cargo compartment 2 has opened and outside air has flowed in, causing a temperature fluctuation in the cargo compartment 2, the heat storage control unit 54 performs heat storage control (S102). In the heat storage control, the compressor 11 is activated and the rotation speed of the fan 23 of the evaporator 21 is relatively reduced. More preferably, the fan 23 of the evaporator 21 is stopped.

[0048] When the chiller's thermostat is on, the compressor 11 is running and the evaporator 21's fan 23 is rotating. When performing heat storage control while the thermostat is on, the heat storage control unit 54 keeps the compressor 11 running but stops the evaporator 21's fan 23.

[0049] When the chiller's thermostat is off, the compressor 11 is stopped and the fan 23 of the evaporator 21 is stopped. When performing heat storage control with the thermostat off, the heat storage control unit 54 starts the stopped compressor 11, while keeping the fan 23 of the evaporator 21 stopped.

[0050] In either case, operating the compressor 11 causes the refrigerant to circulate within the refrigerant circuit 10 of the chiller, and the refrigerant flows continuously into the evaporator unit 4, thus keeping the evaporator 21 cool. Also, because the fan 23 is stopped, the refrigerant in the evaporator 21 does not evaporate, and liquid refrigerant remains in the evaporator 21. Therefore, when the heat storage control ends and control returns to the temperature control unit 51, the fan 23 of the cooled evaporator 21 starts to rotate, so the speed at which the cargo compartment 2 is cooled again is faster, and the target temperature can be reached sooner.

[0051] The control system 50 may also include a notification unit to inform the operator that heat storage control has started. Examples of notification units include a display, a lamp, a speaker (alarm sound), etc., but the form is not limited as long as it can notify an external party, especially the operator, that heat storage control has started, i.e., that the door of the cargo compartment 2 has opened.

[0052] Furthermore, if truck 1 is equipped with battery 8 and heat storage control is performed, the control system 50 may perform power switching control so that power is supplied from battery 8. The refrigeration unit is driven by a generator connected to the engine of truck 1, but when heat storage control is performed, power is supplied from battery 8, allowing the engine of truck 1 to be stopped. Battery 8 may be dedicated to the refrigeration unit.

[0053] Next, the termination of the heat storage control by the control system 50 described above will be explained with reference to Figure 7. Figure 7 is a flowchart showing an example of the procedure for terminating the heat storage control according to one embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0054] The control system 50 determines whether any of the conditions described below are met, or whether multiple conditions are met (S201). If the conditions are not met (NO determination in S201), the condition determination in S201 is performed again.

[0055] The control system 50 terminates the heat storage control (S202) if any or more of the following conditions are met (YES determination in S201). When the heat storage control is terminated, control returns to the temperature control unit 51. <Termination Condition 1> Detect that the measured value of the compressor 11 of the refrigeration unit falls outside the predetermined operating range. <Termination Condition 2> The temperature inside cargo compartment 2 reaches the control termination temperature, which is the temperature at which the termination of heat storage control is determined.

[0056] <Termination Condition 1> is a condition under which the control system 50 terminates the heat storage control when it detects that the measured value of the compressor 11 of the chiller has fallen outside a predetermined operating range. For example, suppose the measured value of the compressor 11 is the superheating degree of the refrigerant drawn into the compressor 11. If the superheating degree of the refrigerant drawn into the compressor 11 falls below 0°C, i.e., below the saturation temperature, the compressor 11 will draw in liquid refrigerant instead of gaseous refrigerant. Since the compressor 11 will malfunction if it draws in liquid refrigerant, the operating range for the superheating degree of the refrigerant drawn into the compressor 11 is set to a value greater than 0°C to prevent this. The operating range may be 0°C plus a safety margin. Here, the superheating degree of the refrigerant represents the difference in temperature rise from the saturation temperature. When the control system 50 detects that the measured value of the compressor 11 has fallen outside a predetermined operating range, it terminates the heat storage control.

[0057] Furthermore, the measured value of the compressor 11 is assumed to be the suction pressure of the compressor 11. The operating range of the suction pressure of the compressor 11 is set, and when the control system 50 detects that the suction pressure falls below 0 MPaG, which is the lower limit of the operating range, the heat storage control is terminated. The operating range may be a value that includes a safety margin in addition to 0 MPaG.

[0058] <Termination Condition 2> is a condition under which the heat storage control is terminated when the control system 50 detects that the temperature inside the cargo compartment 2 has reached the control termination temperature, which is the temperature at which the termination of heat storage control is determined. For example, if truck 1 is parked next to a temperature-controlled cold storage warehouse and cargo compartment 2 is connected to the cold storage warehouse, it is conceivable that outside air will not flow in and the temperature will not rise. Furthermore, the temperature of the cold storage warehouse may be low, and the temperature inside cargo compartment 2 may fall below the target set temperature. In this case, a control termination temperature lower than the target set temperature is set, and the control system 50 terminates the heat storage control when the temperature inside cargo compartment 2 reaches the control termination temperature. The control termination temperature may be set to an appropriate value regardless of the target set temperature.

[0059] When the heat storage control is completed, the control returns to the refrigeration operation controlled by the temperature control unit 51. When returning to the thermo-on state, the chiller automatically returns to normal control. In this case, the compressor 11 remains running, and the fan 23 of the stopped evaporator 21 is activated.

[0060] On the other hand, when the thermostat returns to the off state, the chiller returns to the standby state. In this case, the operating compressor 11 is stopped, and the fan 23 of the evaporator 21 remains stopped.

[0061] When the heat storage control is terminated, the system may return to the state at the start of the heat storage control, whether the thermostat is on or off. Alternatively, the system may be determined based on the temperature inside the cargo compartment 2 at the time the heat storage control is terminated. Furthermore, the system may be forcibly switched to either a pre-set thermostat-on or thermostat-off state.

[0062] [Variation 1] As a modified example 1, the detection unit 52 of the control system 50 detects the temperature fluctuation state when it receives a signal to start heat storage control.

[0063] In Modification 1, the chiller is equipped with a physical switch that can be operated to start and / or end the heat storage control, or the control system 50 is equipped with a signal processing that can be operated to start and / or end the heat storage control. When starting heat storage control, for example, if the operator turns on the physical switch (start heat storage control), a signal to start heat storage control is sent to the detection unit 52, and when the detection unit 52 receives this signal, it detects a temperature fluctuation state (S101 in Figure 6). Similarly, when the control system 50 performs signal processing to start heat storage control, a signal to start heat storage control is sent to the detection unit 52, and the detection unit 52 detects a temperature fluctuation state (S101 in Figure 6). When a temperature fluctuation is detected, the heat storage control unit 54 performs heat storage control (S102 in Figure 6).

[0064] In Modification 1, in addition to the above-mentioned <Termination Condition 1> and <Termination Condition 2>, the following <Termination Condition 3> is included. The control system 50 terminates the heat storage control (S202 in Figure 7) when any of <Termination Condition 1>, <Termination Condition 2>, and <Termination Condition 3> are met, or when all of the conditions are met (YES determination in S201 in Figure 7). <Termination Condition 3> Receive a signal to stop the heat storage control.

[0065] <Termination Condition 3> is the condition under which the heat storage control is terminated when the detection unit 52 of the control system 50 receives a signal to stop the heat storage control. When the operator turns the physical switch OFF (stops heat storage control) or the control system 50 performs signal processing to stop the heat storage control, a signal to stop the heat storage control is sent to the detection unit 52, and when the detection unit 52 receives this signal, the heat storage control unit 54 terminates the heat storage control.

[0066] [Variation 2] As a second modification, the detection unit 52 of the control system 50 detects the temperature fluctuation state based on the detection result of a door opening / closing sensor that detects the open / closed state of the door of the cargo compartment 2, or an illuminance sensor provided in the cargo compartment 2 that detects the illuminance inside the cargo compartment 2.

[0067] In Modification 2, the cargo compartment 2 is equipped with a door open / close sensor (not shown) for detecting the open / closed state of the cargo compartment door 2, or an illuminance sensor (not shown) for detecting the illuminance inside the cargo compartment 2. Alternatively, an interior camera (not shown) may be installed inside the cargo compartment 2, and the illuminance may be detected by processing the image or video captured by the interior camera. Furthermore, the cargo compartment 2 may be equipped with both a door open / close sensor and an illuminance sensor.

[0068] If the cargo compartment 2 is equipped with a door opening / closing sensor, the control system 50 can recognize the opening and closing of the door of the cargo compartment 2 based on the detection result of the door opening / closing sensor. When the detection unit 52 detects that the door has opened based on the detection result of the door opening / closing sensor, it detects a temperature fluctuation state (S101 in Figure 6). When the detection unit 52 detects a temperature fluctuation state, the heat storage control unit 54 performs heat storage control (S102 in Figure 6).

[0069] If the cargo compartment 2 is equipped with an illuminance sensor, the control system 50 can recognize the opening and closing of the cargo compartment 2 door based on the detection result of the illuminance sensor. Normally, when the door of the cargo compartment 2 is closed, no outside light enters the cargo compartment 2, so the illuminance inside the cargo compartment 2 is low. On the other hand, when the door of the cargo compartment 2 is open, outside light enters through the door opening, so the illuminance inside the cargo compartment 2 increases. Also, at night, the illuminance inside the cargo compartment 2 increases, for example, when the interior lights of the cargo compartment are turned on or when lights such as hand lights are turned on. When the detection unit 52 detects that the door has been opened based on the detection result of the illuminance sensor, it detects a temperature fluctuation state (S101 in Figure 6). When the detection unit 52 detects a temperature fluctuation state, the heat storage control unit 54 performs heat storage control (S102 in Figure 6).

[0070] In modified example 2, in addition to the above-mentioned <termination condition 1>, <termination condition 2>, and <termination condition 3>, the following <termination condition 4> is included. The control system 50 terminates the heat storage control (S202 in Figure 7) when any of <termination condition 1>, <termination condition 2>, <termination condition 3>, and <termination condition 4> are met, or when multiple conditions are met (YES determination in S201 in Figure 7). <Termination Condition 4> Detect that a predetermined amount of time has elapsed since the door of cargo compartment 2 was opened.

[0071] <Termination Condition 4> is a condition for terminating the heat storage control when the detection unit 52 of the control system 50 detects that a predetermined time has elapsed since the door of the cargo compartment 2 was opened. The heat storage control is stopped when a predetermined time has elapsed since the detection result of the door opening / closing sensor or the illuminance sensor detected that the door of the cargo compartment 2 was opened. The predetermined time may be set by the operator, or it may be set by the control system 50 based on the outside temperature, target temperature, amount of cargo, etc. For example, 60 seconds may be set from the start of the heat storage control. In addition, the predetermined time may be set by multiple timers based on multiple conditions, and any timer may be used. Furthermore, if it is determined that one of the termination conditions is met, or that multiple conditions are met (YES judgment in S201), the heat storage control may be terminated (S202) when it is detected that the door of the cargo compartment 2 has been closed based on the detection result of the door opening / closing sensor or the illuminance sensor.

[0072] [Variation 3] As a third modification, the detection unit 52 of the control system 50 detects the temperature fluctuation state based on position information obtained from GPS (Global Positioning System) installed on track 1 and stop information (mobile object stop information) of track 1.

[0073] In Modification 3, a GPS is installed on track 1. The GPS acquires location information for track 1. The detection unit 52 also acquires stop information to determine whether track 1 is stopped. For example, if the vehicle speed (velocity) of track 1 remains at 0 for a certain period of time, or if the location information obtained from the GPS does not move for a certain period of time, track 1 is determined to be stopped.

[0074] When the detection unit 52 obtains stop information from GPS indicating that the truck 1 is stopped and that the location information is at or near the loading / unloading location of the truck 1, it detects a temperature fluctuation state in which temperature fluctuations are predicted (S101 in Figure 6). When a temperature fluctuation state is detected, the heat storage control unit 54 performs heat storage control (S102 in Figure 6). The control system 50 can smoothly start heat storage control prior to the opening and closing of the doors of the truck 1's cargo compartment 2 by pre-setting and storing location information of the locations where the doors are expected to open and close.

[0075] In modified example 3, the heat storage control is terminated when any of the above-mentioned <termination condition 1>, <termination condition 2>, <termination condition 3>, and <termination condition 4> are met, or when multiple conditions are met (YES judgment in S201 in Figure 7) (S202 in Figure 7).

[0076] In Modification Example 3, when using <Termination Condition 4>, the predetermined time can be set arbitrarily by the operator, or it may be set by the control system 50 based on location information in addition to the outside temperature, target temperature, and amount of cargo. For example, in locations where a large amount of loading and unloading of cargo is expected, it may be possible to set the predetermined time to be longer.

[0077] The embodiments and modifications described above may be implemented individually or in combination.

[0078] Furthermore, while the embodiments and modifications described above describe the case where the temperature control unit is a refrigerator, this embodiment is also applicable when the temperature control unit is a heater (heater) that provides heating.

[0079] Furthermore, in the first embodiment described above, the termination conditions may include the above-mentioned <termination condition 3> and / or <termination condition 4>. In this case, the first embodiment includes the necessary configuration. The control system 50 may also terminate the heat storage control when any of <termination condition 1>, <termination condition 2>, <termination condition 3> and <termination condition 4> are met, or when multiple conditions are met.

[0080] Furthermore, in the modified example 1 described above, the termination condition may include the termination condition 4 described above. In this case, modified example 1 includes the necessary configuration. The control system 50 may also terminate the heat storage control when any of the termination conditions 1, 2, 3, and 4 are met, or when multiple conditions are met.

[0081] The control system, temperature controller, transport temperature control unit, mobile unit, control method, and control program described in the embodiments above can be understood, for example, as follows.

[0082] A control system according to one aspect of the present disclosure is a control system (50) for controlling a temperature control unit provided on a mobile body (1), wherein the temperature control unit comprises a compressor (11), an external heat exchanger (13), an internal heat exchanger (21), and a fan (23) for the internal heat exchanger, and includes a temperature control unit (51) for performing temperature control operation on a cargo compartment (2) provided with the internal heat exchanger, a detection unit (52) for detecting a temperature fluctuation state in which the temperature of the cargo compartment fluctuates or in which a temperature fluctuation of the cargo compartment is predicted, and a heat storage control unit (54) for performing heat storage control in which, when the temperature fluctuation state is detected, the compressor is activated and the rotation speed of the fan of the internal heat exchanger is relatively reduced.

[0083] When a temperature fluctuation is detected, the compressor is activated and the rotation speed of the fan in the cargo compartment heat exchanger is relatively reduced to perform heat storage control. By reducing the fan rotation speed, the inflow of outside air from the outside into the cargo compartment can be suppressed. Furthermore, if the temperature control unit is a refrigerator, it is possible to prevent humid outside air from adhering to the evaporator (cargo compartment heat exchanger) of the temperature control unit and causing frost formation. By preventing frost formation, a decrease in the cooling capacity of the refrigerator can be prevented. Furthermore, because the compressor is running, the refrigerant continues to circulate, allowing it to flow into the heat exchanger inside the cargo compartment. Also, because the fan speed is reduced, the refrigerant in the heat exchanger inside the cargo compartment does not evaporate, and the liquid refrigerant can be retained in the heat exchanger inside the cargo compartment. As a result, the system can quickly return to normal control after the heat storage control has finished. Furthermore, since the temperature control unit is not stopped, fluctuations in the cargo compartment temperature can be suppressed.

[0084] In a control system according to one aspect of the present disclosure, the detection unit detects the temperature fluctuation state based on the rate of change of cargo compartment temperature per unit time.

[0085] Because the temperature fluctuation state is detected based on the rate of change in the cargo compartment temperature per unit time, the temperature fluctuation state can be detected using temperature sensors already installed in the cargo compartment. There is no need for increased costs due to the addition of equipment, and no additional operator work is required in terms of operation.

[0086] In a control system according to one aspect of the present disclosure, the detection unit detects the temperature fluctuation state when the rate of change of the cargo compartment temperature per unit time exceeds a predetermined rate of change indicating that outside air has flowed into the cargo compartment.

[0087] The detection unit detects a temperature fluctuation state when the rate of change of the cargo compartment temperature per unit time exceeds a predetermined rate of change indicating that outside air has flowed into the cargo compartment. Therefore, it can detect a temperature fluctuation state based on the fluctuation in the rate of change of the cargo compartment temperature per unit time caused by the inflow of outside air. Thus, heat storage control can be performed based on the temperature fluctuation of the cargo compartment due to the inflow of outside air.

[0088] In a control system according to one aspect of the present disclosure, the detection unit detects the temperature fluctuation state when it receives a signal to start the heat storage control.

[0089] Upon receiving a signal to initiate heat storage control, the system detects temperature fluctuations, allowing for manual control initiation when necessary, such as by an operator initiating the heat storage control process.

[0090] In a control system according to one aspect of the present disclosure, the detection unit detects the temperature fluctuation state based on the detection result of a door opening / closing sensor that detects the opening / closing state of the cargo compartment door, or an illuminance sensor provided in the cargo compartment that detects the illuminance inside the cargo compartment.

[0091] By detecting temperature fluctuations based on the results of a door open / close sensor that detects the open / closed state of the cargo compartment door, or the results of an illuminance sensor installed in the cargo compartment that detects the illuminance inside the cargo compartment, heat storage control can be performed in accordance with the opening and closing of the cargo compartment door.

[0092] In a control system according to one aspect of the present disclosure, the detection unit detects the temperature fluctuation state based on location information obtained from a GPS provided on the moving body and information on the stopping of the moving body.

[0093] By detecting temperature fluctuations based on location information obtained from a GPS installed on the mobile vehicle and information indicating when the vehicle has stopped, heat storage control can be performed in accordance with the location and stopping information of the mobile vehicle. For example, if the mobile vehicle moves to a location where it is determined that the cargo compartment door will be opened and stops, heat storage control can be started before the cargo compartment door opens.

[0094] In a control system according to one aspect of the present disclosure, the heat storage control unit performs heat storage control to operate the compressor and stop the fan of the heat exchanger in the cargo compartment when the temperature fluctuation state is detected.

[0095] The heat storage control unit performs heat storage control by activating the compressor and stopping the fan of the cargo compartment heat exchanger when a temperature fluctuation is detected. By stopping the fan, the inflow of outside air from the outside into the cargo compartment can be suppressed. Furthermore, if the temperature control unit is a refrigerator, it can prevent humid outside air from adhering to the evaporator (cargo compartment heat exchanger) of the temperature control unit and causing frost formation. By preventing frost formation, a decrease in the cooling capacity of the refrigerator can be prevented. Also, because the fan is stopped, the refrigerant in the cargo compartment heat exchanger does not evaporate, and the liquid refrigerant can be retained in the cargo compartment heat exchanger. As a result, it is possible to quickly return to normal control after the heat storage control is completed.

[0096] A control system according to one aspect of the present disclosure includes a notification unit that notifies the heat storage control unit that it has started the heat storage control.

[0097] Since the heat storage control unit is equipped with a notification unit that notifies the operator when heat storage control has started, the operator can easily recognize that heat storage control has started, i.e., that the door has opened. Examples of notification units include a display, lamp, speaker (alarm sound), etc., but the form is not limited as long as it can notify the outside.

[0098] In a control system according to one aspect of the present disclosure, the heat storage control unit stops the heat storage control when it receives a signal to stop the heat storage control, and / or when it detects that a predetermined time has elapsed since the door of the cargo compartment was opened, and / or when it detects that the measured value of the compressor has fallen outside a predetermined operating range, and / or when the temperature inside the cargo compartment reaches the control termination temperature.

[0099] The heat storage control unit stops the heat storage control when it receives a signal to stop the heat storage control, and / or when a predetermined time has elapsed since the cargo compartment door was opened, and / or when it detects that the compressor has moved out of its predetermined operating range, and / or when the temperature inside the cargo compartment reaches the control termination temperature. Therefore, the operator can manually stop the heat storage control when it is not needed, such as when the operator determines that it is appropriate to stop the heat storage control. In addition, although temperature changes may occur due to mixing of the cargo compartment with outside air after the cargo compartment door has been open for a period of time, the heat storage control can be stopped and normal control can be returned before this happens. Furthermore, the heat storage control can be stopped and normal control can be returned before the compressor moves out of its operating range, such as when the superheating degree of the compressor's intake refrigerant falls below 0°C or the compressor's intake pressure falls below 0 MPaG. Also, the heat storage control can be stopped and normal control can be returned when the cargo compartment door is opened and the temperature inside the cargo compartment reaches the control termination temperature.

[0100] In a control system according to one aspect of the present disclosure, when the heat storage control unit detects that a predetermined time has elapsed since the door of the cargo compartment was opened and stops the heat storage control, it is possible to change the length of the predetermined time based on location information obtained from a GPS installed on the mobile body.

[0101] The heat storage control unit can change the length of the predetermined time elapsed since the cargo compartment door was opened, based on location information obtained from a GPS installed on the mobile vehicle, when it stops heat storage control after a predetermined time has elapsed since the cargo compartment door was opened. For example, if it is anticipated that the cargo compartment door will be open for a long time at a particular location, the heat storage control unit can set a longer time for heat storage control at that location, allowing for fine-tuned control in combination with location information.

[0102] In one aspect of the present disclosure, when the heat storage control is started, the control system stops the engine of the mobile unit and stops the power supply from the engine to the compressor, and supplies power to the compressor from an external battery mounted on the mobile unit.

[0103] When heat storage control is initiated, the mobile unit's engine is stopped, cutting off power supply from the engine to the compressor. Power is then supplied to the compressor from an external battery mounted on the mobile unit. This allows the compressor to operate without relying on power generated by the engine, thus reducing engine emissions and fuel consumption. It also reduces engine noise.

[0104] A temperature control unit according to one aspect of the present disclosure comprises a compressor, an external heat exchanger, an internal heat exchanger, and a fan provided in the internal heat exchanger, and is controlled by the control system described above.

[0105] A transport temperature control unit according to one aspect of the present disclosure is configured such that temperature control is performed by the aforementioned temperature control device and a heat exchanger is provided in the cargo compartment.

[0106] A mobile body according to one aspect of the present disclosure comprises a cargo compartment, a temperature control unit provided for the cargo compartment, and the aforementioned control system.

[0107] A control method according to one aspect of the present disclosure is a control method applied to a temperature control unit provided on a mobile body, wherein the temperature control unit comprises a compressor, an external heat exchanger, an internal heat exchanger, and a fan for the internal heat exchanger, and comprises a temperature control step of performing temperature control operation on a cargo compartment provided with the internal heat exchanger, a detection step of detecting a temperature fluctuation state in which the temperature of the cargo compartment fluctuates or a temperature fluctuation of the cargo compartment is predicted, and a heat storage control step of performing heat storage control in which, when the temperature fluctuation state is detected, the compressor is operated and the rotation speed of the fan for the internal heat exchanger is relatively reduced.

[0108] A control program according to one aspect of the present disclosure is a control program applied to a temperature control unit installed on a mobile body, wherein the temperature control unit comprises a compressor, an external heat exchanger, an internal heat exchanger, and a fan for the internal heat exchanger, and includes a temperature control process for performing temperature control operation on a cargo compartment in which the internal heat exchanger is installed, a detection process for detecting a temperature fluctuation state in which the temperature of the cargo compartment fluctuates or a temperature fluctuation of the cargo compartment is predicted, and a heat storage control process for performing heat storage control in which, when the temperature fluctuation state is detected, the compressor is operated and the rotation speed of the fan for the internal heat exchanger is relatively reduced. [Explanation of symbols]

[0109] 1: Truck (mobile vehicle) 2: Cargo area 3: Capacitor Unit 4: Evaporator Unit 6: Cabin Controller 7: Alternator 8: Battery (rechargeable battery) 9: Connector Unit 10: Refrigerant Circuit 11: Compressor 13: Condenser (external heat exchanger for cargo compartment) 14: Fan 15: Receiver 16: Hair dryer 20: Accumulator 21: Evaporator (heat exchanger inside the cargo compartment) 23: Fan 26: Check valve 50: Control System 51: Temperature control unit 52: Detection unit 54: Heat Storage Control Unit 1100: CPU 1200: Secondary storage device (ROM) 1300: Main memory (RAM) 1400: Hard disk drive (HDD) 1500: Communications Department 1800: Bus EV: Expansion valve HD: Line SV1: Valve SV2: Valve SV4: Valve SV5: Valve

Claims

1. A control system for controlling a temperature control device installed on a mobile device, The temperature control unit comprises a compressor, an external heat exchanger for the cargo compartment, an internal heat exchanger for the cargo compartment, and a fan for the internal heat exchanger for the cargo compartment. A temperature control unit that performs temperature control operation for a cargo compartment in which the aforementioned cargo compartment heat exchanger is installed, A detection unit that detects a temperature fluctuation state in which the temperature of the cargo compartment fluctuates or in which a temperature fluctuation of the cargo compartment is predicted, A heat storage control unit that, when the aforementioned temperature fluctuation state is detected, operates the compressor and performs heat storage control to relatively reduce the rotation speed of the fan of the heat exchanger inside the cargo compartment, Equipped with, The heat storage control unit stops the heat storage control when it receives a signal to stop the heat storage control, and / or when it detects that a predetermined time has elapsed since the cargo compartment door was opened, and / or when it detects that the measured value of the compressor has fallen outside a predetermined operating range, and / or when the temperature inside the cargo compartment reaches the control termination temperature. The heat storage control unit is a control system that, when it detects that a predetermined time has elapsed since the door of the cargo compartment was opened, stops the heat storage control, and can change the length of the predetermined time based on location information obtained from a GPS installed on the mobile body.

2. The control system according to claim 1, wherein the detection unit detects the temperature fluctuation state based on the rate of change of cargo compartment temperature per unit time.

3. The control system according to claim 2, wherein the detection unit detects the temperature fluctuation state when the rate of change of the cargo compartment temperature per unit time exceeds a predetermined rate of change indicating that outside air has flowed into the cargo compartment.

4. The control system according to claim 1, wherein the detection unit detects the temperature fluctuation state when it receives a signal to start the heat storage control.

5. The control system according to claim 1, wherein the detection unit detects the temperature fluctuation state based on the detection result of a door opening / closing sensor that detects the opening / closing state of the door of the cargo compartment, or an illuminance sensor provided in the cargo compartment that detects the illuminance inside the cargo compartment.

6. The control system according to claim 1, wherein the detection unit detects the temperature fluctuation state based on location information obtained from a GPS provided on the moving body and information on the stopping of the moving body.

7. The control system according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the heat storage control unit performs the heat storage control, which operates the compressor and stops the fan of the heat exchanger in the cargo compartment, when the temperature fluctuation state is detected.

8. The control system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, further comprising a notification unit that notifies that the heat storage control unit has started the heat storage control.

9. The control system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein when the heat storage control is started, the engine of the mobile unit is stopped, the power supply from the engine to the compressor is stopped, and power is supplied to the compressor from an external battery mounted on the mobile unit.

10. It comprises a compressor, an external heat exchanger for the cargo compartment, an internal heat exchanger for the cargo compartment, and a fan provided in the internal heat exchanger for the cargo compartment, A temperature control unit controlled by the control system described in any one of claims 1 to 9.

11. A transport temperature control unit in which temperature control is performed by the temperature control device described in claim 10, and the cargo compartment heat exchanger is provided in the cargo compartment.

12. The cargo area and A temperature control unit is provided for the aforementioned cargo compartment, A control system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, A mobile device equipped with [the following features].

13. A control method applied to a temperature control device installed on a mobile device, The temperature control unit comprises a compressor, an external heat exchanger for the cargo compartment, an internal heat exchanger for the cargo compartment, and a fan for the internal heat exchanger for the cargo compartment. A temperature control process for performing temperature control operation on a cargo compartment in which a heat exchanger is installed, A detection step for detecting a temperature fluctuation state in which the temperature of the cargo compartment fluctuates or in which a temperature fluctuation of the cargo compartment is predicted, A heat storage control step is performed to activate the compressor and relatively reduce the rotation speed of the fan of the heat exchanger inside the cargo compartment when the aforementioned temperature fluctuation state is detected. Equipped with, The heat storage control process stops the heat storage control when it receives a signal to stop the heat storage control, and / or when it detects that a predetermined time has elapsed since the cargo compartment door was opened, and / or when it detects that the measured value of the compressor has fallen outside a predetermined operating range, and / or when the temperature inside the cargo compartment reaches the control termination temperature. The heat storage control step is a control method that allows the length of the predetermined time to be changed based on location information obtained from a GPS installed on the mobile body, when the heat storage control is stopped when it is detected that the predetermined time has elapsed since the door of the cargo compartment was opened.

14. A control program applied to a temperature control unit installed on a mobile device, The temperature control unit comprises a compressor, an external heat exchanger for the cargo compartment, an internal heat exchanger for the cargo compartment, and a fan for the internal heat exchanger for the cargo compartment. A temperature control process that performs temperature control operation on a cargo compartment in which the aforementioned cargo compartment heat exchanger is installed, A detection process for detecting a temperature fluctuation state in which the temperature of the cargo compartment fluctuates or in which a temperature fluctuation of the cargo compartment is predicted, When the aforementioned temperature fluctuation state is detected, a heat storage control process is performed to operate the compressor and relatively reduce the rotation speed of the fan of the heat exchanger inside the cargo compartment. Equipped with, The heat storage control process stops the heat storage control when it receives a signal to stop the heat storage control, and / or when it detects that a predetermined time has elapsed since the cargo compartment door was opened, and / or when it detects that the measured value of the compressor has fallen outside a predetermined operating range, and / or when the temperature inside the cargo compartment reaches the control termination temperature. The heat storage control process includes a control program that, when detecting that a predetermined time has elapsed since the cargo compartment door was opened, allows the length of the predetermined time to be changed based on location information obtained from a GPS installed on the mobile body.

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