Growth-promoting and disease-preventing compound microbial inoculant, preparation method and application thereof

Abstract

U I T T R E K S E L The present invention belongs to the field of agricultural microbial control technology, and specifically relates to a growth—promoting and disease—preventing compound microbial inoculant, a preparation method and an application thereof. The compound microbial inoculant specifically includes microbial powder, growth auxiliary materials, and. a desiccant. The microorganisms include Talaromyces flavus, Trichoderma harzianum, Bacillus velezensis, Bacillus licheniformis, and Brevibacillus laterosporus. Through the synergistic effect of multiple microbial strains, the compound microbial inoculant of the present invention enhances the control effect against Verticillium wilt pathogens, and overcomes the shortcomings of a single biocontrol microbe, such as a single biocontrol mechanism, poor environmental adaptability, inability to colonize in soil for a long time, and unstable control effect. Furthermore, the compound microbial inoculant of the present invention can increase the yields of cotton and pepper, and improve the fiber quality of cotton. The present invention provides scientific and technological support and decision-making services for realizing green, environmentally friendly, cost—saving, and efficiency-increasing modern agriculture.

Description

P2251 / NL GROWTH-PROMOTING AND DISEASE-PREVENTING COMPOUND MICROBIAL INOCULANT, PREPARATION METHOD AND APPLICATION THEREOF TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to the field of agricultural microbial control technology, and specifically to a growthpromot ing and diseasepreventing compound microbial inoculant, a prepa ration method and an application thereof. BACKGROUND Verticillium wilt is a vascular disease caused by the soil borne pathogenic fungus verticillium dahliae. It causes annual economic losses of up to billions of US dollars in agricultural crops and leads to a 1015% reduction in crop yields. This patho genic fungus can infect more than 200 plant species, including cotton, tomato, watermelon, pepper, lettuce, and sunflower. As a major soilborne disease in agricultural production, there are no ideal control measures available both domestically and interna tionally. The main reasons why crop Verticillium wilt is difficult to control are as follows. 1. Crops have poor resistance to Verti cillium wilt. Most of the varieties promoted in production are diseasetolerant varieties, and severe yield losses still occur in moderately and severely diseased fields. 2. Cultivation methods such as drip irrigation and straw returning result in the massive accumulation of pathogenic fungi in the soil. Moreover, the rest ing bodies of the pathogenic fungi have strong stress resistance and can persist in the soil for a long time. 3. After the patho genic fungi infect crops through the roots, they spread through the plant's vascular bundles. Chemical fungicides are hardly transported to the vascular bundles, leading to poor control ef fects. SUMMARY To address the aforementioned issues, the present invention utilizes beneficial microbial communities to regulate the soil mi croecological environment, integrating functions of pathogen inhi bition, induced resistance, and plant growth promotion to develop a compound microbial inoculant for controlling crop Verticillium wilt. Taking endophytic fungi as the main component and rhizo sphere probiotic bacteria as the auxiliary component, this com pound microbial inoculant forms a beneficial microbial consortium. It can improve the ecological environment of cultivated soil, mod ify soil structure and physicochemical properties, activate soil enzyme activity, and alleviate continuous cropping obstacles. The growthpromoting and diseasepreventing compound micro bial inoculant provided by the present invention specifically in cludes microbial powder, growth auxiliary materials, and a desic cant in a mass ratio of (3578):(l224):(820), with the number of viable bacteria being Z 5X109 CFU / g. The microorganisms include Talaromyces flavus, Trichoderma harzianum, Bacillus velezensis, Bacillus licheniformis, and Brevi bacillus laterosporus, with a ratio of viable counts of (25):(2 4):(l2):(l2):(l2), in which: Talaromyces flavus is the endophytic fungus CEF642 isolated from cotton, with preservation number CGMCC NO.8303 and preserva tion address at China General Microbiological Culture Collection Center (CGMCC), Institute of Microbiology, Chinese Academy of Sci ences, No. 3 Jia Datun Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing; and this Talaromyces flavus has been disclosed in the patent document with the publication number CNlO383458OB; Trichoderma harzianum is the endophytic fungus ETHO5 isolated from cotton, with preservation number CCTCC NO.M2025l5l6 and preservation address at China Center for Type Culture Collection (CCTCC), Wuhan University, No. 299 Bayi Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province; and Bacillus velezensis is the rhizosphere bacterium CRCB-5 iso- lated from cotton, with preservation number CCTCC NO.M2025l5l5 and preservation address at CCTCC, Wuhan University, No. 299 Bayi Road, Wuchang District, Wuhan City, Hubei Province. The present invention has no special restriction on the sources of Bacillus licheniformis and Brevibacillus laterosporus strains; commercially available strains or strains preserved after isolation and culture are all applicable. Preferably, a mass ratio of the microbial powder, the growth auxiliary materials, and the desiccant is (5572):(1524):(lOl8). More preferably, a mass ratio of the microbial powder, the growth auxiliary materials, and the desiccant is (6870):(l820):(12l5). Preferably, a ratio of viable counts of the Talaromyces fla vus, the Trichoderma harzianum, the Bacillus velezensis, the Ba cillus licheniformis, and the Brevibacillus laterosporus is (4 5):(34):(ll.2):(ll.2):(ll.2). Most preferably, a ratio of via ble counts of the Talaromyces flavus, the Trichoderma harzianum, the Bacillus velezensis, the Bacillus licheniformis, and the Brevibacillus laterosporus is 5:3:l:l:l. Preferably, a preparation method of the microbial powder in cludes inoculating a microbial bacterial liquid into a substrate with a water content of 2555%, performing fermentation culture at 2532°C for 710 days, and when the number of viable bacteria reaches Z 5><1O9 CFU / g, drying the fermented product at 3542°C, pulverizing it, and sieving it through a ZOOmesh sieve to obtain the microbial powder. Most preferably, a water content of the sub strate is 3040%, and a fermentation temperature is 28°C. Preferably, a ratio of the microbial bacterial liquid to the substrate is (5080) mL:l kg. More preferably, the substrate is one or more of wheat bran, soybean meal, and rice hull powder. Preferably, the substrate includes wheat bran and rice hull powder in a mass ratio of l:(O.7l.3). Preferably, the substrate includes wheat bran and soybean meal in a mass ratio of l:(2.22.8). Preferably, a preparation method of the bacterial liquid of the Talaromyces flavus or the Trichoderma harzianum includes re spectively inoculating the Talaromyces flavus and the Trichoderma harzianum into medium I for activation culture at a temperature of 2228°C, most preferably 25°C. More preferably, medium I includes 200 g / L potato and 20 g / L glucose. Preferably, a preparation method of the bacterial liquid of the Bacillus velezensis, the Bacillus licheniformis or the Brevi bacillus laterosporus includes respectively inoculating the Bacil lus velezensis, the Bacillus licheniformis and the Brevibacillus laterosporus into medium II for activation culture at a temperature of 2532°C, most preferably 28°C. More preferably, me dium II includes 10 g / L peptone, 5 g / L yeast extract, and 10 g / L sodium chloride. Preferably, the growth auxiliary materials include one or more of chitosan, compound amino acid powder (commercially availa ble, no specific restriction), and fulvic acid. Preferably, the growth auxiliary materials include chitosan and compound amino acid powder in a mass ratio of l:(l.52.5). Preferably, the growth auxiliary materials include chitosan and fulvic acid in a mass ratio of l:(O.8l.2). Preferably, the growth auxiliary materials include compound amino acid powder and fulvic acid in a mass ratio of l:(O.3O.5). Preferably, the desiccant includes one or more of kaolin, white carbon black, and silica gel. The present invention further provides a preparation method of the compound microbial inoculant: the compound microbial inocu- lant is prepared by mixing the microbial powder, growth auxiliary materials, and desiccant. The present invention provides an application of the compound microbial inoculant in the prevention and treatment of Verticil lium wilt of cotton and pepper: the compound microbial inoculant is applied to the roots of cotton and pepper through drip irriga tion. More preferably, the compound microbial inoculant is applied to the roots of cotton and pepper through drip irrigation in the early stage of Verticillium wilt onset (late June or early July), with a dosage of 0.51.0 kg per mu each time and application for more than 3 times. The present invention has the following advantages. The Talaromyces flavus and Trichoderma harzianum in the com pound microbial inoculant of the present invention are isolated from healthy cotton plants, enabling them to colonize in crop plants with high survival rate. In addition, Talaromyces flavus and Trichoderma harzianum have an antagonistic effect on Verticil lium wilt pathogens; Bacillus velezensis, Bacillus licheniformis, and Brevibacillus laterosporus are beneficial soil bacteria, and their metabolites contain regulatory substances essential for crop growth such as auxins, antibiotics, and cytokinins, and also have the effect of inhibiting the reproduction of Verticillium wilt pathogens. Through the synergistic effect of antagonistic fungi (Talaromyces flavus and Trichoderma harzianum) and beneficial bac teria (Bacillus velezensis, Bacillus licheniformis, Brevibacillus laterosporus, etc.), the present invention enhances the control effect of the compound microbial inoculant on Verticillium wilt pathogens, and overcomes the shortcomings of a single biocontrol microbe, such as a single biocontrol mechanism, poor environmental adaptability, inability to colonize in soil for a long time, and unstable control effect. At the same time, it improves soil fer tility, enhances the diversity of microorganisms in the soil, strengthens the absorption and utilization efficiency of crop root nutrients, increases root activity, further improves the yields of cotton and pepper, and optimizes the fiber quality of cotton. The preparation method of the present invention has simple processes and is easy to operate; the prepared compound microbial inoculant is nonpolluting to the environment, low in cost, and has a long lasting effect. DETAILED DESCRIPTION The technical solutions in the examples of the present inven tion will be clearly and completely described, and it is obvious that the described examples are only some of, rather than all of the examples. Based on the examples in the present invention, all other examples obtained by those ordinary in the art without crea tive efforts fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. The Talaromyces flavus used in the following examples has been disclosed in the patent document with the publication number CNlO383458OB, and Talaromyces flavus (CGMCC NO.8303), Trichoderma harzianum (CCTCC NO.M2025l5l6), and Bacillus velezensis (CCTCC NO.M2025l5l5) are all specific strains. Bacillus licheniformis, Brevibacillus laterosporus, Fusarium sp., and Paecilomyces lilacinus used in the following examples were purchased from Zhongnong Kechuang (Henan) Biotechnology Co., Ltd.; the Bacillus subtilis microbial inoculant was purchased from Qixian Zhongnong Honglu Fertilizer Industry Co., Ltd. Medium I used in the following examples includes 200 g / L po tato and 20 g / L glucose, and Medium II includes 10 g / L peptone, 5 g / L yeast extract, and 10 g / L sodium chloride. Example 1 This example provides a compound microbial inoculant (with a total number of viable bacteria of 5><109 CFU / g), which includes mi crobial powder, growth auxiliary materials (chitosan and compound amino acid powder in a mass ratio of l:l.5), and kaolin in a mass ratio of 58:18:10. A preparation method of the compound microbial inoculant in this example was as follows. 1. Preparation of microbial bacterial liquid Talaromyces flavus and Trichoderma harzianum were respec tively inoculated into Medium I and activated at 25°C for 5 days, and the bacterial liquids of the Talaromyces flavus and the Trichoderma harzianum were obtained. Bacillus Velezensis, Bacillus licheniformis, and Brevibacil lus laterosporus were respectively inoculated into Medium II and activated at 28°C for 5 days, and the bacterial liquids of the Ba cillus velezensis, the Bacillus licheniformis, and the Brevibacil lus laterosporus were obtained. 2. Preparation of microbial powder Each bacterial liquid was respectively inoculated into a sub strate (wheat bran and rice hull powder in a mass ratio of l:0.8) for fermentation culture, and a fermented culture was obtained. The microbial bacterial liquid was inoculated into the substrate at a ratio of 75 mL / kg, with a water content controlled at 30% and a fermentation temperature controlled at 29°C, and a fermentation culture duration was 710 days. The number of viable bacteria in the fermented culture was continuously monitored; when the number of viable bacteria reached above 5><109 CFU / g, the fermented culture was dried at 40°C, pulverized, and sieved through a ZOOmesh sieve. Then, the materials were mixed according to the ratio of viable counts of the Talaromyces flavus, the Trichoderma harzianum, the Bacillus velezensis, the Bacillus licheniformis, and the Breviba cillus laterosporus of 2:3:2:2:2 to prepare the microbial powder. 3. Preparation of compound microbial inoculant The compound microbial inoculant was prepared by mixing the microbial powder, growth auxiliary materials, and desiccant ac cording to the mass ratio. Example 2 This example provides a compound microbial inoculant (with a total number of viable bacteria of 5><109 CFU / g), which includes mi crobial powder, growth auxiliary materials (chitosan and fulvic acid in a mass ratio of 1:1), and silica gel in a mass ratio of 40:20:15. A preparation method of the compound microbial inoculant in this example was as follows. 1. A preparation method of the microbial bacterial liquid was the same as that in Example 1. 2. Preparation of microbial powder Each bacterial liquid was respectively inoculated into a sub strate (wheat bran and soybean meal in a mass ratio of 1:2.5) for fermentation culture, and a fermented culture was obtained. The microbial bacterial liquid was inoculated into the substrate at a ratio of 50 mL / kg, with a water content controlled at 35% and a fermentation temperature controlled at 32°C, and a fermentation culture duration was 7-10 days. The number of viable bacteria in the fermented culture was continuously monitored; when the number of viable bacteria reached above 5X109 CFU / g, the fermented culture was dried at 40°C, pulverized, and sieved through a ZOOmesh sieve. Then, the materials were mixed according to the ratio of viable counts of the Talaromyces flavus, the Trichoderma harzianum, the Bacillus velezensis, the Bacillus licheniformis, and the Breviba cillus laterosporus of 3:4:2:1:1 to prepare the microbial powder. 3. A preparation method of the compound microbial inoculant was the same as that in Example 1. Example 3 This example provides a compound microbial inoculant (with a total number of viable bacteria of 5X109 CFU / g), which includes mi crobial powder, growth auxiliary materials (compound amino acid powder and fulvic acid in a mass ratio of 2:1), and white carbon black in a mass ratio of 68:18:15. A preparation method of the compound microbial inoculant in this example was as follows. 1. A preparation method of the microbial bacterial liquid was the same as that in Example 1. 2. Preparation of microbial powder Each bacterial liquid was respectively inoculated into a sub strate (wheat bran and soybean meal in a mass ratio of 1:2.4) for fermentation culture, and a fermented culture was obtained. The microbial bacterial liquid was inoculated into the substrate at a ratio of 80 mL / kg, with a water content controlled at 40% and a fermentation temperature controlled at 30°C, and a fermentation culture duration was 710 days. The number of viable bacteria in the fermented culture was continuously monitored; when the number of viable bacteria reached above 5X109 CFU / g, the fermented culture was dried at 40°C, pulverized, and sieved through a 200mesh sieve. Then, the materials were mixed according to the ratio of viable counts of the Talaromyces flavus, the Trichoderma harzianum, the Bacillus velezensis, the Bacillus licheniformis, and the Breviba cillus laterosporus of 5:3:1:1:1 to prepare the microbial powder. 3. A preparation method of the compound microbial inoculant was the same as that in Example 1. Test Example 1 In this test example, different microorganisms were selected for compounding (formulations are shown in Table 1), and microbial inoculants with different formulations were prepared according to the abovementioned preparation method. A commercially available Bacillus subtilis microbial inoculant was used as the control group, and the field test effects of different microbial inocu lants were evaluated under the same application method and dosage. The specific method was as follows. The field test was con ducted in Shihezi, Xinjiang. Plots with relatively uniform fertil ity, flat terrain, and a history of high Verticillium wilt inci dence were selected as the test fields. Ten treatments were set in the test, arranged in a randomized block design with three repli cates, and the area of each plot was 50 m?. The planting density was 9,50011,000 plants per 666.67 m?, using a planting pattern of three rows per film. Field management was carried out in accordance with highquality cotton cultivation techniques. Dif ferent microbial inoculants were applied via drip irrigation on June 15, June 25, and July 5, 2023, respectively. On August 22, the incidence of cotton Verticillium wilt was investigated, and the disease control effect was calculated. The Verticillium wilt disease index (DI) was calculated using the formula: DI = [Z (NiXi) / (NX4) ] ><100. In the formula, Ni is the number of diseased plants at each grade, i is a disease grade value, and N is the total number of plants investigated. The control effect (E) (%) was calculated using the formula: E (%) = (DIoDI1) / DI0X100. In the formula, DIO is a disease index of the control group, and D11 is a disease index of the treatment group. Table 1 Diseaseìn Disease con Microbial formulation dex trol effect (%) Talaromycesflavus 34.9105 Talaromycesflavus and Fusarium sp. (ratio of viable counts: 2 65.4i-l.7 16.4 5:3) Talaromyces flavus and Paecilomyces lilacinus (ratio of viable 3 51.4129 34.3 counts:5:3) Talaromycesflavus and Trichoderma harzianum (ratio of via 31.812.1 59.3 ble counts: 5:3) Bacillus velezensis, Bacillus licheniformis, and Brevibacillus 5 45.111.7 42.3 Iaterosporus (ratio of viable counts: 121:1) Talaromyces flavus, Bacillus velezensis, Bacillus licheniformis, 27.413.8 65.0 and Brevibacil / us laterosporus (ratio of viable counts: 5:1:1:1) Talaromyces flavus, Fusarium sp., Bacillus velezensis, Bacillus 7 licheniformis, and Brevibaci / lus laterosporus (ratio of viable 55.411.8 29.2 counts: 5:3:2:1:1) Talaromyces flavus, Paecilomyces lilacinus, Bacillus velezen- sis, Bacillus licheniformis, and Brevibaci / lus laterosporus (ratio 40.113.1 48.7 of viable counts: 5:3:1:1:1) Talaromyces flavus, Trichoderma harzianum, Bacillus velezen- 21.712.3 72.3 sis, Bacillus licheniformis, and Brevibaci / lus laterosporus (ratio _-- It can be seen from Table 1 that there are 4 microbial inocu lants with a control effect of more than 50% on cotton Verticil lium wilt, which are Talaromyces flavus (55.4%), Talaromyces fla vus + Trichoderma harzianum (59.3%), Talaromyces flavus + Bacillus velezensis + Bacillus licheniformis + Brevibacillus laterosporus (65.0%), and Talaromyces flavus + Trichoderma harzianum + Bacillus velezensis + Bacillus licheniformis + Brevibacillus laterosporus (i.e., the compound microbial inoculant of Example 3, 72.3%). Among them, the compound microbial inoculant of Example 3 of the present invention showed the best control effect on cotton Verti cillium wilt. Test Example 2 In this test example, the disease control effect of the com pound microbial inoculants prepared in the examples in the green house and the cotton biomass were tested. The specific method was as follows. Soil from Xinjiang cotton fields with continuous cotton planting and vermiculite were mixed at a volume ratio of 2:3. The compound microbial inoculants of Example 1, Example 2, and Example 3 were added respectively to make the mass fraction of the com pound microbial inoculants 5%, and nutrient soil was prepared as Treatment Group 1, Treatment Group 2, and Treatment Group 3. Among them, the nutrient soil added with a commercially available Bacil lus subtilis microbial inoculant served as the control group. The nutrient soil was packed into paper pots (6 cm in diameter, 10 cm in height), and the nutrient soil was wetted by watering. Ten cot- ton seeds were scattered in each paper pot, covered with 1 cm thick sandy soil, and pressed to smooth. Each treatment included 10 paper pots with 3 replicates, totaling 30 paper pots. After sowing, seedling management was carried out according to conven tional methods, with 56 seedlings retained per pot. When the first true leaf of cotton was fully expanded, inoculation with Verticillium wilt pathogens was performed, and 10 mL of spore sus pension (spore content of 1X107 / mL) was inoculated into each paper pot. The growth status of cotton was monitored. On the 28th and 35th days after sowing, the incidence symptoms of cotton Verticil lium wilt were investigated. On the 40th day after sowing, biomass indicators such as plant height, root length, and fresh weight of 15 randomly selected cotton plants in each treatment were meas ured. The specific results are shown in Tables 23. Table 2 Diseaseindex (28 days Disease control Diseaseindex (35 Disease con- after sowing) effect (%) days after sowing) trol effect (%) Treatment 19.511.1 b 62.4 25.7132 b 63.7 Groupl Treatment 18.710.7 b 63.9 24712.9 b 65.1 Group2 Treatment 18.1106 b 65.1 20.115.7 b 71.6 Group3 Controlgroup 51.812.1a 70.813.1a Different lowercase letters in the same column indicate sig nificant differences (p < 0.05) Table 3 Plant height / Root length / Fresh weight ofabove Fresh weight ofun- cm cm ground part / g derground part / g Treatment 12.5112 a 13.410.4 a 0.7410.5 a 02110.4 a Groupl Treatment 12.612.1 a 12.610.7 a 0.6910.1 a 0.2010.3 a Group2 Treatment 13.411.5 a 13.910.4 a 069103 a 0.19102 a Group3 Control 11.0112 b 11.910.9 b 0.6510.3 a 0.1910.1 a group Different lowercase letters in the same column indicate sig nificant differences (p < 0.05) It can be seen from Tables 23 that the cotton treated with the compound microbial inoculants prepared in Examples 13 had significantly reduced damage from cotton Verticillium wilt. The disease index on the 28th day after sowing was 18.119.5, with a disease control effect of 62.465.1%; the disease index on the 35th day after sowing was 20.125.7, with a disease control effect of 63.771.6%. The compound microbial inoculants prepared in Examples 13 also had a significant promoting effect on cotton biomass. Espe cially in Treatment Group 3, the plant height of cotton was 13.4 cm, which was a significant increase of 21.8% compared with the control; the root length was 13.9 cm, a significant increase of 16.8% compared with the control; the fresh weight of the above ground part was 0.69 g, an increase of 6.2% compared with the con trol. Test Example 3 In this test example, the disease control effect of the com pound microbial inoculants prepared in the examples in cotton fields and the cotton yield were tested. The specific method was as follows. The field test was con ducted in Shihezi, Xinjiang. Plots with relatively uniform fertil ity, flat terrain, and a history of high Verticillium wilt inci dence were selected as the test fields. Four treatments were set in the test, arranged in a randomized block design with three rep- licates, and the area of each plot was 50 m?. The planting density was 9,50011,000 plants per 666.67 m2, using a planting pattern of three rows per film. Field management was carried out in accord ance with highquality cotton cultivation techniques. Application method of the compound microbial inoculants: the inoculants were applied to the roots of cotton via drip irrigation at the early squaring stage of cotton, with a dosage of 0.5 kg per mu each time, once every 10 days, for a total of 3 applications; Treatment Groups 13 corresponded to the compound microbial inocu lants of Examples 13, respectively. The control group was treated with a commercially available Bacillus subtilis microbial inocu lant using the same application method and dosage as the treatment groups. The compound microbial inoculants and Bacillus subtilis mi crobial inoculant were applied via drip irrigation on June 3, June 13, and June 23, 2023, respectively. On August 10 and August 25, the incidence of cotton Verticillium wilt was investigated. On September 25, field investigation and yield component determination were conducted (3 random points were selected in each plot, and 30 consecutive plants were investigated at each point). Cotton harvesting started on October 1 and was completed on October 7. During the harvest period, each plot was harvested and weighed separately for cumulative yield calculation. The re sults are shown in Tables 45. Table 4 Disease index (August Control effect Disease index (August Control effect 10) (%) 25) (%) Treatment 24.812.1 b 63.7 26.712.4 b Groupl Treatment 25.412.7 b 62.9 27.414.1 b 63.0 Group2 Treatment 20.111.4 b 70.6 20.9132 b 71.8 Group3 Control 68.415.4 a / 74.115.6 a / group Different lowercase letters in the same column indicate sig nificant differences (p < 0.05) Table 5 Numberofbolls per Yield increase Yield per mu Yield increase mu (pCS) (%) (kg) (%) Treatment 75849 a 10.0 402.4 a 12.4 Groupl Treatment 77494 a 12.4 398.7 a 11.4 Group2 Treatment 78457 a 13.8 415.7 a 16.1 Group3 Different lowercase letters in the same column indicate sig nificant differences (p < 0.05) It can be seen from Tables 45 that the cotton treated with the compound microbial inoculants prepared in Examples 13 had significantly reduced damage from cotton Verticillium wilt. The disease index of cotton Verticillium wilt on August 10 was 20.1 24.8, with a disease control effect of 62.970.6%; the disease index on August 25 was 20.927.4, with a disease control effect of 63.071.8%. The compound microbial inoculants prepared in Examples 13 also had a significant yieldincreasing effect on cotton. For cot ton treated with the compound microbial inoculants of the exam ples, the number of bolls per mu was 75,84978,457, which was an increase of 10.013.8% compared with the control group; the yield per mu of cotton was 398.7415.7 kg, which was an increase of 11.412.4% compared with the control group. Test Example 4 In this test example, the disease control effect of the com pound microbial inoculants prepared in the examples in pepper fields and the pepper yield were tested. The specific method was as follows. The field test was con ducted in Baibi Town, Anyang City, Henan Province. Plots with rel atively uniform fertility, flat terrain, and a history of high Verticillium wilt incidence were selected as the test fields. Four treatments were set in the test, arranged in a randomized block design with three replicates, and the area of each plot was 30 m2. The planting density was 2,5003,000 plants per 666.67 m2. Field management was carried out in accordance with highquality pepper cultivation techniques. Application method of the compound microbial inoculants: The inoculants were applied to the roots of peppers via drip irriga tion at the early flowering stage of peppers, with a dosage of 1.0 kg per mu each time, once every 10 days, for a total of 3 applica tions. Treatment Groups 13 corresponded to the compound microbial inoculants of Examples 13, respectively. The control group was treated with a commercially available Bacillus subtilis microbial inoculant using the same application method and dosage as the treatment groups. The compound microbial inoculants and Bacillus subtilis mi crobial inoculant were applied via drip irrigation on June 18, June 28, and July 8, 2023, respectively. On August 20, the inci dence of pepper Verticillium wilt was investigated. On September 25, field investigation and yield component determination were conducted (3 random points were selected in each plot, and 30 consecutive plants were investigated at each point). Pepper har vesting started on October 1 and was completed on October 8. Dur ing the harvest period, each plot was harvested and weighed sepa rately for cumulative yield calculation. The results are shown in Tables 67. Table 6 Treatment Group 1 18.412.3 b Treatment Group 2 20.4127 b Treatment Group 3 15.4131 c Control group 54.2131 a Different lowercase letters in the same column indicate sig nificant differences (p < 0.05) Table 7 Numberof Yield in Fruit Yield in- Yield per Yieldin fruits per crease weight per crease mu (kg) crease (%) plantlpCS) (%) plant (g) (%) Treatment 89.613.2b 11.9 19.412.2a 4.3 3852.4a 10.6 Groupl Treatment 87.412.7b 9.1 19.511.2a 4.8 3875.3a 11.2 Group2 Treatment 95212.1 a 15.1 20.1119 a 8.1 39862 a 14.4 Group3 Control 80.112.5c / 18.612.8a / 3484.5b / group Different lowercase letters in the same column indicate sig nificant differences (p < 0.05) It can be seen from Tables 67 that the peppers treated with the compound microbial inoculants prepared in Examples 13 had significantly reduced damage from pepper Verticillium wilt. The disease index of pepper Verticillium wilt on August 20 was 15.4 20.4, with a disease control effect of 62.471.6%. The compound microbial inoculants prepared in Examples 13 also had a significant yieldincreasing effect on peppers. For peppers treated with the compound microbial inoculants of the ex amples, the number of fruits per plant was 89.695.2, which was an increase of 9.115.1% compared with the control group; the weight per fruit was 19.420.1 g, which was an increase of 4.38.1% com pared with the control group; the yield per mu of peppers was 3,852.43,986.2 kg, which was an increase of 10.614.4% compared with the control group. In conclusion, the compound microbial inoculant of the pre sent invention can effectively prevent and treat Verticillium wilt of cotton and pepper, with a control effect of more than 60%. At the same time, it can significantly increase the yields of cotton and pepper by more than 10%, improve the diversity of microorgan isms in the soil, balance the soil microecology, further enhance the absorption and utilization efficiency of crop root nutrients, and improve root activity. It provides scientific and technologi cal support and decisionmaking services for realizing green, en vironmentally friendly, costsaving, and efficiencyincreasing modern agriculture. The above description of the disclosed examples enables those skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Var- ious modifications to these examples will be obvious to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other examples without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention tion will not be limited to the examples shown herein, but con forms to the broadest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein. CONCLUSIONS l. Compound microbial preparation for plant promotion growth and disease prevention, characterized by the number of living germs Z 5X1O9 CFU / g, where the specific constituents consist of microbial powder, growth aids and desiccant, in a mass ratio of (3578):(l224):(820); wherein the microorganisms include: Yellow mycelium-forming mold mel with deposit number CGMCC NO.8303, Trichoderma harzianum with deposition number CCTCC NO.M20251516, Bacillus veezensis with depo site number CCTCC NO.M2025l5l5, Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens subsp. plantarum, where the ratio of the number of living germs (25):(24):(l2):(l2):(l2) is. 2. Composite microbial preparation according to claim 1, characterized notice that the mass ratio of microbial powder, growth aid resources and drying agent (5572):(1524):(lOl8) amounts to. 3. Compound microbial preparation according to claim 2, characterized notice that the mass ratio of microbial powder, growth aid resources and drying agent (6870):(l820):(12l5). 4. Compound microbial preparation according to claim 1, characterized notices because the ratio of the number of living germs of Geel mycelium-forming fungus, Trichoderma harzianum, Bacillus ve lezensis, Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens subsp. plantarum (45):(34):(ll,2):(ll,2):(ll,2) amounts to. 5. Compound microbial preparation according to claim 1 or con Conclusion 4, characterized by the ratio of the number of living sprouts of yellow mycelium forming fungus, Trichoderma harzianum, Bacillus veezensis, Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus amylo liguefaciens subsp. plantarum 5:3:l:l:l amounts to. 6. Compound microbial preparation for plant promotion growth and disease prevention according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized because the preparation method of the microbial powder consists of the inoculation of a microbial suspension in a substrate for culture, in which the fermentate, when the number of living germs is Z 5><1O9 CFU / g is dried, ground and sieved in order to microbial powder available. 7. Compound microbial preparation according to claim 6, characterized notices that the ratio of microbial suspension to substrate (5080) mLzl kg and the substrate consists of one or more of wheat bran, soy flour and rice husk powder. 8. Compound microbial preparation according to claim 6, characterized notes that the preparation method of the suspension of Yellow myce lium-forming fungus, Trichoderma harzianum, Bacillus veezensis, Bacillus licheniformis or Bacillus amyloliquefaciens subsp. plantarum includes: the separate inoculation of Yellow mycelium-forming fungus and Trichoderma harzianum on culture medium I for activation culture; and the separate inoculation of Bacillus velezensis, Bacillus licheniformis and Bacillus amyloliquefaciens subsp. plantarum op culture medium II for activation culture. 9. Compound microbial preparation according to claim 1, 2 or 3, characterized by the growth aids being one or more of chitin, compound amino acid powder and fulvic acid. 10. Use of the composite microbial preparation according to a of the conclusions 19 for the control of Verticillium wilt king in agricultural crops.