Multi-user beam alignment method based on wireless sensing collaboration

Abstract

Provided in the present invention are a multi-user beam alignment method based on wireless sensing collaboration. The method comprises: activating an initial access process, and completing the establishment of an initial rough beam pair between a base station and a user; performing wireless resource allocation on a resource allocation module of the base station, so as to maximize an achievable aggregated downlink rate under imperfect beam alignment; determining a sensing beam direction of the user by using a location prediction result which is given by the base station regarding the user within a previous tracking time period and a sensing power distribution result which is output by the resource allocation module, and according to the sensing beam direction, transmitting a plurality of narrow sensing beams at different powers, so as to execute a sensing task; receiving an uplink communication signal of the user by means of the base station, and predicting the location of the user on the basis of sensing echo processing; and according to a prediction result, executing downlink communication beam alignment on the user by means of the base station. By means of the method provided in the present invention, an assistance gain effect of sensing regarding communication is maximized, and an achievable aggregated downlink rate under imperfect beam alignment is maximized.

Description

A multi-user beam alignment method for wireless sensing cooperation

[0001] Priority information

[0002] This application claims priority and benefits of patent application No. 202310829843.1 filed with the State Intellectual Property Office of China on July 7, 2023, and the entire text of which is incorporated herein by reference. Technical Field

[0003] The present invention belongs to the technical field of communications. Background Art

[0004] Emerging 6G scenarios place stringent demands on wireless network communication performance, including higher communication rates, lower latency, and enhanced reliability. High-gain beams in the millimeter wave band are becoming a key approach for high-speed communications. However, the extremely narrow beamwidth of millimeter wave beams significantly increases the difficulty of beam alignment and tracking. This problem becomes more severe as the beamwidth decreases, becoming a key factor hindering further performance improvements in millimeter wave wireless communication systems. Therefore, designing accurate beam alignment methods for millimeter wave bands is crucial.

[0005] Existing Method 1: The Third Generation Partnership Project (3GPP) Technical Specification TR 38.213 describes a cell search / beam selection method based on synchronization signal block (SSB) sensing. This method provides a cell search / beam selection method for initial access and mobility in idle / inactive and connected states. Reference signals such as the Channel State Estimation Reference Signal (CSI-RS) can also be used for beam selection. Generally speaking, the beam selection process can be divided into S1, S2, and S3. S1 is beam selection, where the base station (BS) uses a wide beam to scan, and the user equipment (UE) measures and selects the optimal wide beam and reports it to the BS. S2 is optional BS transmit beam refinement, where the BS scans a narrow beam within a narrow range, and the UE detects the optimal beam and reports it to the BS. S3 is UE receive beam refinement, where the BS repeatedly transmits the optimal beam, and the UE refines its receive beam. This ultimately forms a BS-UE beam pair.

[0006] Existing method 2: Patent CN115001550A describes a multi-user beam fast alignment method for millimeter wave systems, which improves beam alignment efficiency and can be specifically divided into steps S1 / S2 / S3 / S4. Among them, S1 divides the entire channel angle area into several RF channel areas, uses a wide beam to perform regional search, and determines the area where each user is located; in S2, each user feeds back the area number in the uplink time slot to the base station, and the base station divides the area into levels according to the number of users in each area; S3 implements the corresponding narrow beam hopping search strategy according to each area level, and each user feeds back the best simulated beam to the base station in the uplink time slot to obtain the best narrow beam for each user; S4 The base station adjusts the best simulated beam forming matrix, calculates the baseband precoding according to the zero-forcing algorithm, and completes the multi-user beam simulation alignment.

[0007] Existing methods for beam training and tracking between millimeter-wave beam transmitters and receivers are mostly implemented solely through communication protocols. The base station first transmits a specific reference signal for beam management. The UE detects the signal, performs measurements, and then sends feedback to the base station. The base station generates a spatial beam based on the feedback information, thereby establishing a high-quality communication link. However, in high-mobility scenarios, a large number of beam codebooks need to be preset to ensure beam alignment capabilities, and more frequent beam measurements and reporting are required, which greatly increases system overhead and network latency, posing challenges for beam training and beam tracking. At the same time, due to limitations on the energy consumption and information processing capabilities of the mobile terminal, the number of beams that the UE can measure and report is limited, resulting in the above-mentioned beam scanning method having a minimum error and being unable to meet the performance requirements of high-mobility scenarios. In addition, although the fast alignment strategy based on reducing the number of preset codebooks and skipping codebook searches can reduce the time overhead of beam alignment, it is difficult to achieve accurate beam alignment, which in turn restricts the transmission data rate.

[0008] Summary of the Invention

[0009] The present invention aims to solve one of the technical problems in the related art at least to a certain extent.

[0010] To this end, the purpose of the present invention is to propose a wireless sensing cooperative multi-user beam alignment method for maximizing the auxiliary gain effect of sensing on communication and maximizing the achievable downlink and rate under imperfect beam alignment.

[0011] To achieve the above objectives, the first embodiment of the present invention proposes a wireless sensing cooperative multi-user beam alignment method, including:

[0012] Activate the initial access process and complete the initial coarse beam pair establishment between the base station and the user;

[0013] Maximizing the achievable downlink speed and rate under the condition of imperfect beam alignment by allocating wireless resources to the resource allocation module of the base station;

[0014] Determining a sensing beam direction of the user based on a position prediction result of the user by the base station in a previous tracking period and a sensing power allocation result output by the resource allocation module, and transmitting a plurality of sensing narrow beams with different powers to perform a sensing task according to the sensing beam direction;

[0015] receiving an uplink communication signal of the user through the base station, and predicting the user position based on sensing echo processing;

[0016] According to the prediction result, downlink communication beam alignment is performed on the user through the base station.

[0017] In addition, the wireless sensing cooperative multi-user beam alignment method according to the above embodiment of the present invention may also have the following additional technical features:

[0018] Furthermore, in one embodiment of the present invention, the activation of the initial access process to complete the establishment of an initial coarse beam pair between the base station and the user includes:

[0019] Based on the synchronization signal, unbiased blind beamforming is performed through the base station to achieve coarse perception of the position and motion state of objects within the coverage area of ​​the base station;

[0020] An uplink feedback signal is transmitted to the base station based on the synchronization signal information received by the communication user, so that the base station can distinguish between the environmental target and the communication user and complete the initial coarse beam pair establishment.

[0021] Furthermore, in one embodiment of the present invention, performing wireless resource allocation by the resource allocation module of the base station to maximize the achievable downlink and rate under the condition of imperfect beam alignment includes:

[0022] The power allocated to each user for sensing and communication, as well as the ratio of sensing time to downlink communication time.

[0023] Furthermore, in one embodiment of the present invention, the method for processing the perceived echo includes:

[0024] All sensing echoes are received through the base station, and user information obtained based on the sensing echo analysis is estimated to estimate the user's current angle information and position information, and predict the user's angle and position in the next time period.

[0025] Furthermore, in one embodiment of the present invention, the prediction method includes:

[0026] The kinematic equation position is recursively deduced based on the position information in the previous tracking period. If the perception echo received pointing to a certain user does not meet the significance condition during the perception echo reception, it is determined that the beam is misaligned, and the initial access process is reactivated by waiting for the next access cycle or event trigger.

[0027] Furthermore, in one embodiment of the present invention, performing downlink communication beam alignment on the user by the base station according to the prediction result includes:

[0028] Based on the perceived power allocation result and the predicted location information of the user, the base station forms multiple precisely aligned narrow communication beams toward the user, and the user adaptively receives the downlink communication beam sent by the base station to complete downlink communication.

[0029] To achieve the above objectives, a second embodiment of the present invention provides a multi-user beam alignment device for wireless sensing cooperation, comprising the following modules:

[0030] The coarse alignment module is used to activate the initial access process and complete the initial coarse beam pair establishment between the base station and the user;

[0031] An allocation module, configured to maximize the reachable downlink and rate under the condition of imperfect beam alignment by allocating wireless resources to the resource allocation module of the base station;

[0032] a sensing module, configured to determine a sensing beam direction of the user based on a position prediction result of the user by the base station in a previous tracking period and a sensing power allocation result output by the resource allocation module, and transmit a plurality of sensing narrow beams of different powers to perform a sensing task according to the sensing beam direction;

[0033] A prediction module, configured to receive an uplink communication signal of the user through the base station and predict the user's position based on sensing echo processing;

[0034] An alignment module is used to perform downlink communication beam alignment on the user through the base station according to the prediction result.

[0035] Furthermore, in one embodiment of the present invention, the allocation module is further configured to:

[0036] Based on the synchronization signal, unbiased blind beamforming is performed through the base station to achieve coarse perception of the position and motion state of objects within the coverage area of ​​the base station;

[0037] An uplink feedback signal is transmitted to the base station based on the synchronization signal information received by the communication user, so that the base station can distinguish between the environmental target and the communication user and complete the initial coarse beam pair establishment.

[0038] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the third aspect of the present invention proposes a computer device, characterized in that it includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and runnable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the above-mentioned wireless sensing collaborative multi-user beam alignment method.

[0039] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the fourth aspect of the present invention proposes a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored, characterized in that when the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the above-mentioned wireless sensing collaborative multi-user beam alignment method.

[0040] The wireless sensing collaborative multi-user beam alignment method proposed in the embodiment of the present invention is based on the communication-perception time-division coexistence method. It obtains user angle information through wireless perception and performs beam alignment and tracking based on it. At the same time, it performs mutual iterative joint optimization through the time domain resource allocation of communication function and perception function and the communication perception beam power resource allocation among multiple users, thereby maximizing the auxiliary gain of perception to communication and ultimately achieving system capacity improvement. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0041] The above and / or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily understood from the following description of the embodiments in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0042] FIG1 is a flow chart of a multi-user beam alignment method for wireless sensing cooperation provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0043] FIG2 is a schematic diagram of a beam alignment and resource management model using perception collaboration provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0044] FIG3 is a sub-flow chart of a narrow beam continuous tracking process provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0045] FIG4 is a flow chart of beam alignment and tracking for guiding perception collaboration by a resource allocation module provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0046] FIG5 is a schematic diagram showing the relationship between the achievable downlink rate and the number of users of the perception-assisted beam alignment solution proposed in the present invention.

[0047] FIG6 is a flow chart of a multi-user beam alignment device for wireless sensing cooperation provided by an embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The following describes embodiments of the present invention in detail, examples of which are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended to be used to explain the present invention, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0049] The following describes a wireless sensing cooperative multi-user beam alignment method according to an embodiment of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0050] Example 1

[0051] FIG1 is a flow chart of a multi-user beam alignment method for wireless sensing cooperation provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0052] As shown in FIG1 , the wireless sensing cooperative multi-user beam alignment method includes the following steps:

[0053] S101: Activate the initial access process and complete the initial coarse beam pair establishment between the base station and the user;

[0054] Specifically, in S101, the base station activates the initial access process periodically or event-triggered. The base station performs unbiased blind beamforming based on the synchronization signal to achieve coarse perception of the position and motion status of objects within the coverage area of ​​the base station. Blind beamforming methods include but are not limited to multi-directional wide beamforming based on antenna array division, narrow beam scanning based on time division scheduling, etc. The synchronization signal should include SSB signal, CSI-RS reference signal, etc. The communication user transmits an uplink feedback signal to the base station based on the received synchronization signal information, so that the base station can distinguish between environmental targets and communication users and complete the initial coarse beam pair establishment.

[0055] S102: maximizing the reachable downlink speed and rate under the condition of imperfect beam alignment by allocating wireless resources to a resource allocation module of the base station;

[0056] Furthermore, in one embodiment of the present invention, performing wireless resource allocation by a resource allocation module of a base station to maximize the achievable downlink speed and rate under the condition of imperfect beam alignment includes:

[0057] The power allocated to each user for sensing and communication, as well as the ratio of sensing time to downlink communication time.

[0058] Specifically, in S102, the resource allocation module includes time domain resource allocation for communication perception, power resource allocation for communication perception between users, and the iterative joint optimization between the two; wireless resource allocation includes the power allocated to each user for perception and communication, as well as the perception time T S And downlink communication time T DThe radio resource allocation decision determines the end time of S103 and the start and end time of S105, and guides the generation and power configuration of the sensing and communication beams in S103 and S105. The goal of the resource allocation module is to maximize the achievable downlink rate and speed under imperfect beam alignment.

[0059] The power resource allocation perceived by user communication specifically includes user u k Perception and communication beam transmission power and The communication-aware time domain resource allocation specifically refers to determining the time T occupied by S103 S and the time T occupied by S105 D The time occupied by S103 is T S In the process, the base station transmits L sensing signals with a pulse width of τ. The number of pulses L must satisfy the tracking success probability p track Related time allocation threshold. User tracking success probability p track Specifically, the user's position in this period is the user angle prediction value obtained in the previous period S104. And the beam width is The probability of being within the beam range.

[0060] S103: Determine the user's sensing beam direction based on the user's position prediction result during the previous tracking period by the base station and the sensing power allocation result output by the resource allocation module, and transmit multiple sensing narrow beams with different powers to perform the sensing task according to the sensing beam direction;

[0061] Specifically, in S103, the base station determines the sensing beam direction for the user based on the user's location prediction results during the previous tracking period (which may also be the initial access period) and the sensing power allocation results output by the resource allocation module. It then transmits multiple narrow sensing beams of varying powers to perform the sensing task. The sensing task includes sensing location information such as the angle of departure (AoD), distance, and Doppler shift. The termination time of the sensing activity is determined based on the duration of S3 output by the resource allocation module.

[0062] S104: Receive the user's uplink communication signal through the base station and predict the user's position based on the sensed echo processing;

[0063] Furthermore, in one embodiment of the present invention, a method for processing a perceptual echo includes:

[0064] All sensing echoes are received through the base station, and user information is obtained based on the sensing echo analysis, the user's current angle information and position information are estimated, and the user's angle and position in the next time period are predicted.

[0065] Furthermore, in one embodiment of the present invention, the prediction method includes:

[0066] The kinematic equation position is recursively deduced based on the position information in the previous tracking period. If the perception echo received pointing to a certain user does not meet the significance condition during the perception echo reception, it is determined that the beam is misaligned, and the initial access process is reactivated by waiting for the next access cycle or event trigger.

[0067] Specifically, in S104, the base station receives the user's uplink communication signal and accumulates the received perception echo to obtain the estimated value of the user angle in the current time period and the predicted value of the user angle in the next time period, thereby assisting the communication beam alignment in S105 and the continuous tracking of the beam in the next time period.

[0068] The method for processing the perception echo specifically includes: the base station receives all the perception echoes sent in S103, analyzes the user information obtained based on the perception echo, and estimates the angle information of the user at the current moment. and location information η k,n =(x k,n ,y k,n ) and predict the user angle for the next period The prediction method includes recursive kinematic equation position calculation based on the position information of the previous period, such as η k,n+1 =2η k,n -η k,n-1 If, during the sensing echo reception, the sensing echo directed to a certain user does not meet the significance condition, it is determined that the beam is misaligned, and S101 needs to be re-executed by waiting for the next access cycle or event triggering.

[0069] S105: Perform downlink communication beam alignment on the user through the base station according to the prediction result.

[0070] Furthermore, in one embodiment of the present invention, performing downlink communication beam alignment on the user by the base station according to the prediction result includes:

[0071] Based on the perceived power allocation results and the predicted user location information, the base station forms multiple precisely aligned narrow communication beams toward the user. The user adaptively receives the downlink communication beam sent by the base station to complete downlink communication.

[0072] Specifically, in S104, based on the communication power allocation result obtained in S102 and the user AoD information obtained in S104 The base station forms multiple precisely aligned narrow communication beams toward the user. The user adaptively receives the downlink communication beam sent by the base station, completes the downlink communication, and then re-executes S102 until the next re-initial access.

[0073] Example 2

[0074] The present invention is achieved by using the antenna array of the base station to perform time-division sensing and communication beamforming. For ease of description, assume that Figure 2 is a randomly selected single base station coverage area. The base station is equipped with the necessary hardware facilities and signal processing modules to achieve communication and sensing functions. As shown in Figure 2, the coverage area of ​​a base station can be divided into multiple sectors. Users are distributed in the two-dimensional space defined by the base station coverage area, using u0, u1, ..., u K-1 Considered users include, but are not limited to, stationary or mobile users equipped with single or multiple transmit and receive antennas. These users will serve as both downlink communication receivers and sensing targets. The grid-like shapes in Figure 2 represent communication beams, and the shaded shapes represent sensing beams.

[0075] The communication process between the base station and the user can be divided into several time periods, and the duration of each time period is T t It needs to be configured according to the user's location and movement status. The corresponding configuration basis includes but is not limited to the user's movement speed, direction, the distance between the user and the base station, etc. A configuration method that can be used as a reference is to set the duration of each time period T t Set as the coherent processing interval, that is, the time interval in which the user does not exceed one unit of the resolution of the parameter to be estimated. The parameters to be estimated include but are not limited to the AoD of the user relative to the base station, the distance between the user and the base station, etc. Furthermore, each time period includes at least three stages, namely, sensing signal transmission, uplink signal reception, and downlink communication. The total duration of the above three stages in one time period is T s 、T u With T d In the present invention, the positions of the above three stages in the time slot can be configured as needed, but it is necessary to ensure that the sensing signal transmission and the sensing echo should be completed before the downlink communication.

[0076] A wireless sensing collaborative multi-user beam alignment and resource allocation method of the present invention includes:

[0077] S201: Initial access period. The base station activates the initial access process periodically or event-triggered. In the initial access process, the base station performs unbiased blind beamforming based on the synchronization signal to achieve coarse perception of the position and motion status of objects within the coverage area of ​​the base station. The blind beamforming method includes but is not limited to multi-directional wide beamforming based on antenna array division, narrow beam scanning based on time-division scheduling, etc. The synchronization signal should include SSB signal, CSI-RS reference signal, etc. The communication user transmits an uplink feedback signal to the base station based on the received synchronization signal information, so that the base station can distinguish between environmental targets and communication users and complete the initial coarse beam pair establishment. Afterwards, a narrow beam continuous tracking process including multiple time periods is carried out. Each time period includes S202 resource allocation decision and three stages S203 / S204 / S205. The narrow beam continuous tracking process is shown in Figure 3.

[0078] S202: Resource allocation decision. Based on the user's location prediction results in the previous tracking period (which may also be the initial access period), the resource allocation decision is made. The wireless resource allocation includes the power allocated to each user for sensing and communication, as well as the sensing time T. S And downlink communication time T D As shown in Figure 4, at the beginning of each new time period, the resource allocation module iteratively and jointly optimizes the time domain resources perceived by communication and the power resources perceived by inter-user communication. The joint optimization results of the resource allocation module determine the end time of S3 and the start and end time of S5, and guide the generation and power configuration of the sensing and communication beams in S3 and S5.

[0079] Specifically, for power allocation, the resource allocation module will determine the service user u k The sensing and communication beam transmission powers are and The sensing beam transmit power allocation meets the constraints including but not limited to Where P is the maximum transmit power of the base station. Represents the tracking success probability p track Another task of the resource allocation module is to determine the time T occupied by the sensing phase. s During the duration T s In the example, the base station transmits L sensing signals with a pulse width of τ. and L≥L th , where L th is the tracking success probability p track According to the accumulation principle of perceptual signal processing, the coherent accumulation of L perceptual signals will bring L perceptual signal-to-noise ratio. ρtimes the gain, where 0<ρ<1 is defined as the gain coefficient.

[0080] The accuracy of AoD estimation is related to the estimation algorithm used, but the Cramer-Rao bound is the AoD estimation value of the above algorithm. The variance of describes a lower bound that is inversely proportional to the signal-to-noise ratio under most perceptual observation models:

[0081] in, The power allocated to the sensing beam is When user u k At S5, the AoD estimation value Beamforming is performed, and the beam alignment gain is where a(θ k )and Denote the steering vector and beamforming vector respectively. Based on the law of large numbers, a random distribution function such as Gaussian distribution can be used to fit the perception probability distribution under a given estimated variance.

[0082] The goal of the resource allocation module is to maximize the achievable downlink rate and speed in the case of imperfect beam alignment:

[0083] in The power allocated to the communication beam is When user u k In addition, it is necessary to ensure the tracking capability of multiple users. The probability of successful tracking of S2 users p track Specifically, the user's position in this period is the user angle prediction value obtained in the previous period S4. And the beam width is The probability of being within the beam range is In resource allocation, it is necessary to L corresponding to the precision configuration th and

[0084] S203: The base station performs detailed user sensing. Based on the user's location prediction results during the previous tracking period (which may also be the initial access period) and the sensing power allocation results output by the resource module, the base station determines the sensing beam direction for the user and transmits multiple narrow sensing beams of different powers to perform the sensing task; the sensing task is to sense the AoD as well as location information such as distance and Doppler shift.

[0085] S204: The base station receives uplink communication data from the user, and after receiving all the sensing echoes sent in S203, the base station estimates the user's current angle information based on the sensing echo processing results. and location information η k,n =(x k,n ,y k,n ), which is used to assist in the communication beam alignment in the current period S205 and the beam tracking in the next time slot. The prediction method includes deriving the user angle of the next period based on the position information of the previous period With position, such as η k,n+1 =2η k,n -η k,n-1 If the sensing beam directed toward a certain user does not return a sufficiently significant echo, it is determined that the beam is misaligned, and S201 needs to be re-executed by waiting for the next access cycle or event triggering.

[0086] S205: The base station performs downlink communication for the user. Based on the communication power allocation result obtained in S202 and the user AoD information obtained in S204 The base station forms multiple precisely aligned narrow communication beams toward the user. The user adaptively receives the downlink communication beams sent by the base station, completes the downlink communication, and then re-executes S202 until the next re-initial access.

[0087] The wireless sensing collaborative multi-user beam alignment method proposed in the embodiments of the present invention is based on the communication-perception time-division coexistence method. It obtains user angle information through wireless sensing and performs beam alignment and tracking based on this information. At the same time, it iteratively optimizes the time domain resource allocation of communication and perception functions and the communication perception beam power resource allocation among multiple users, maximizing the auxiliary gain of perception on communication and ultimately achieving improved system capacity. Compared with the existing technology, the advantages of this invention are as follows:

[0088] 1) This invention uses wireless sensing to provide various information, such as user speed, distance, and angle, for beam alignment and continuous tracking. This eliminates the need for users to frequently report beam measurement feedback, reducing overhead and simplifying beam alignment and tracking. Furthermore, sensing provides the necessary prior information for communication, thereby achieving a beneficial effect on communication while maintaining basic positioning and tracking capabilities.

[0089] 2) The present invention provides a resource allocation module to iteratively and jointly optimize the time domain resource allocation for communication perception and the power resource allocation for inter-user communication perception. Based on this, the time proportions and the perception communication beam transmit power of the three phases of perception beam transmission, uplink reception, and downlink communication are configured. By finding the optimal perception proportion, the communication and perception capabilities of each user are balanced, maximizing the achievable downlink and rate under imperfect beam alignment.

[0090] 3) The application of the sensing results of the present invention is not limited to assisting communication beam alignment, but can also provide value-added services such as user positioning, thereby increasing commercial value.

[0091] Figure 5 shows an example of the performance of the proposed scheme at a frequency of 28 GHz and 64 transmit and receive antennas. The simulation area is a sector of a single base station (-60° to 60°), with a distance ranging from 100m to 350m. Compared to the traditional beam scanning scheme using 32 preset beams, the proposed scheme shows significant benefits.

[0092] In order to implement the above embodiment, the present invention also proposes a wireless sensing cooperative multi-user beam alignment device.

[0093] FIG6 is a schematic structural diagram of a wireless sensing cooperative multi-user beam alignment device provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0094] As shown in FIG6 , the wireless sensing cooperative multi-user beam alignment device includes: a coarse alignment module 100 , an allocation module 200 , a sensing module 300 , a prediction module 400 , and an alignment module 500 , wherein:

[0095] The coarse alignment module is used to activate the initial access process and complete the initial coarse beam pair establishment between the base station and the user;

[0096] An allocation module, configured to maximize the reachable downlink and rate under the condition of imperfect beam alignment by allocating wireless resources to a resource allocation module of a base station;

[0097] The sensing module is used to determine the user's sensing beam direction based on the user's position prediction result during the previous tracking period by the base station and the sensing power allocation result output by the resource allocation module, and transmit multiple sensing narrow beams of different powers according to the sensing beam direction to perform the sensing task;

[0098] A prediction module is used to receive the user's uplink communication signal through the base station and predict the user's position based on the sensed echo processing;

[0099] The alignment module is used to perform downlink communication beam alignment on the user through the base station according to the prediction result.

[0100] Furthermore, in one embodiment of the present invention, the allocation module is further configured to:

[0101] Based on the synchronization signal, the base station performs unbiased blind beamforming to achieve coarse perception of the position and motion status of objects within the base station coverage area;

[0102] Based on the synchronization signal information received by the communication user, the base station transmits an uplink feedback signal, which enables the base station to distinguish between the environmental target and the communication user and complete the initial coarse beam pair establishment.

[0103] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the third aspect of the present invention proposes a computer device, characterized in that it includes a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and runnable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, it implements the wireless sensing collaborative multi-user beam alignment method as described above.

[0104] To achieve the above-mentioned purpose, the fourth aspect of the present invention proposes a computer-readable storage medium on which a computer program is stored, characterized in that when the computer program is executed by a processor, the multi-user beam alignment method for wireless sensing collaboration as described above is implemented.

[0105] In the description of this specification, the reference terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific example", or "some examples" mean that the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described in conjunction with the embodiment or example are included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Moreover, the specific features, structures, materials or characteristics described can be combined in any one or more embodiments or examples in a suitable manner. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or examples described in this specification and features of different embodiments or examples without contradiction.

[0106] Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly specifying the number of the technical features being referred to. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present invention, "plurality" means at least two, such as two, three, etc., unless otherwise specifically defined.

[0107] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace, and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wireless sensing cooperative multi-user beam alignment method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Activate the initial access process and complete the initial coarse beam pair establishment between the base station and the user; Wireless resource allocation is performed through a resource allocation module of the base station to maximize the achievable downlink and rate under imperfect beam alignment; wherein the resource allocation module includes a communication-aware time domain resource allocation unit, a user-to-user communication-aware power resource allocation unit, and an iterative joint optimization unit between the time domain resource allocation unit and the power resource allocation unit, and the wireless resource allocation includes the power allocated to each user for perception and communication, and the proportion of perception time and downlink communication time; Determine the sensing beam direction of the user by using the position prediction result of the user by the base station in the previous tracking period and the sensing power allocation result output by the resource allocation module, and transmit a plurality of sensing narrow beams with different powers to perform the sensing task according to the sensing beam direction; receiving an uplink communication signal of the user through the base station, and predicting the position of the user based on the sensed echo processing; Downlink communication beam alignment is performed on the user through the base station according to the prediction result, and the prediction result includes the result obtained by predicting the user position based on the perception echo processing.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The activation of the initial access process completes the establishment of an initial coarse beam pair between the base station and the user, including: Based on the synchronization signal, unbiased blind beamforming is performed through the base station to achieve coarse perception of the position and motion state of objects within the coverage area of ​​the base station; An uplink feedback signal is transmitted to the base station based on the synchronization signal information received by the communication user, so that the base station can distinguish the environmental target from the communication user and complete the initial coarse beam pair establishment.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The resource allocation module of the base station performs wireless resource allocation to maximize the reachable downlink and rate under the condition of imperfect beam alignment, including: The power allocated to each user for sensing and communication, and the ratio of sensing time to downlink communication time.

4. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The sensing echo processing comprises: All the sensing echoes are received by the base station, and user information is obtained based on the sensing echo analysis to estimate the user's current time. The user’s angle and position information at that moment can be used to predict the user’s angle and position in the next period of time.

5. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The forecast includes: The kinematic equation position is recursively deduced based on the position information in the previous tracking period. If the perception echo received pointing to a certain user does not meet the preset conditions during the perception echo reception, it is determined to be a beam misalignment, and the initial access process is reactivated by waiting for the next access cycle or event trigger.

6. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The performing downlink communication beam alignment on the user through the base station according to the prediction result includes: Based on the perceived power allocation result and the predicted location information of the user, a plurality of precisely aligned narrow communication beams are formed toward the user through the base station, and the user adaptively receives the downlink communication beam sent by the base station to complete the downlink communication.

7. A wireless sensing cooperative multi-user beam alignment device, characterized in that: Includes the following modules: The coarse alignment module is used to activate the initial access process and complete the initial coarse beam pair establishment between the base station and the user; An allocation module, configured to perform wireless resource allocation through a resource allocation module of the base station to maximize the reachable downlink and rate under the condition of imperfect beam alignment; wherein the resource allocation module includes a communication-aware time domain resource allocation unit, a user-to-user communication-aware power resource allocation unit, and an iterative joint optimization unit between the time domain resource allocation unit and the power resource allocation unit, and the wireless resource allocation includes the power allocated to each user for perception and communication, and the proportion of perception time and downlink communication time; A sensing module, configured to determine the sensing beam direction of the user through the position prediction result of the user by the base station in the previous tracking period and the sensing power allocation result output by the resource allocation module, and transmit a plurality of sensing narrow beams with different powers to perform a sensing task according to the sensing beam direction; A prediction module, configured to receive an uplink communication signal of the user through the base station, and predict the user position based on the sensed echo processing; An alignment module is used to perform downlink communication beam alignment on the user through the base station according to the prediction result, and the prediction result includes the result obtained by predicting the user position based on the perceived echo processing.

8. The device according to claim 7, characterized in that The allocation module is further used for: Based on the synchronization signal, unbiased blind beamforming is performed through the base station to achieve coarse perception of the position and motion state of objects within the coverage area of ​​the base station; An uplink feedback signal is transmitted to the base station based on the synchronization signal information received by the communication user, so that the base station can distinguish the environmental target from the communication user and complete the initial coarse beam pair establishment.

9. A computer device, characterized in that: The method comprises a memory, a processor and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor. When the processor executes the computer program, the method for multi-user beam alignment of wireless sensing collaboration as described in any one of claims 1 to 6 is implemented.

10. A computer-readable storage medium having a computer program stored thereon, characterized in that: When the computer program is executed by a processor, the wireless sensing cooperative multi-user beam alignment method according to any one of claims 1 to 6 is implemented.

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