Traveling-wave tube, transmitter, electronic device and signal processing method

Abstract

Provided in the present application are a traveling-wave tube, a transmitter, an electronic device and a signal processing method. The traveling-wave tube comprises an input apparatus, an electron emission apparatus, a plurality of slow-wave structures and an output apparatus, wherein at least one transmission channel is formed in the plurality of slow-wave structures, and the number of transmission channels is less than the number of slow-wave structures; the input apparatus is used for receiving a plurality of radio-frequency signals and feeding the plurality of radio-frequency signals into the plurality of slow-wave structures; the electron emission apparatus is used for emitting an electron beam into the at least one transmission channel of the plurality of slow-wave structures; the plurality of slow-wave structures are used for respectively receiving the plurality of radio-frequency signals, and using the electron beam to respectively amplify the plurality of radio-frequency signals, so as to obtain a plurality of amplified radio-frequency signals; and the output apparatus is used for outputting the plurality of amplified radio-frequency signals. The present application can reduce the volume of a traveling-wave tube, thereby decreasing the cost of the traveling-wave tube.

Description

Traveling wave tube, transmitter, electronic device and signal processing method

[0001] The present application claims priority to the Chinese patent application No. 202411157785.3, filed on August 21, 2024, entitled "Traveling wave tube, transmitter, electronic device and signal processing method", the content of which is incorporated herein by reference in its entirety. TECHNICAL FIELD

[0002] The present application relates to the technical field of signal amplification, and in particular to a traveling wave tube, a transmitter, an electronic device and a signal processing method. BACKGROUND

[0003] To meet the requirements of high-speed communication rate and wide coverage, a transmitter usually includes a multi-channel traveling wave tube and an antenna. The traveling wave tube can receive multiple radio frequency signals and amplify them, and then transmit them through the antenna.

[0004] In the related art, a traveling wave tube usually includes an electron emission device and multiple slow wave structures. The slow wave structures can receive radio frequency signals and electron beams sent by the electron emission device, and perform standing wave transduction on the electron beams and the radio frequency signals, thereby amplifying the radio frequency signals. However, the volume of the traveling wave tube in the related art is large, which leads to a high cost of the traveling wave tube. SUMMARY

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the present application provides a traveling wave tube, a transmitter, an electronic device and a signal processing method, which can reduce the volume of the traveling wave tube, thereby reducing the cost of the traveling wave tube.

[0006] In a first aspect of the present application, a traveling wave tube is provided, which includes an input device, an electron emission device, multiple slow wave structures and an output device. At least one transmission channel is formed in the multiple slow wave structures, that is, the multiple slow wave structures form one or more transmission channels. The number of transmission channels is less than the number of slow wave structures. In this way, at least two slow wave structures form one transmission channel. Compared with the scheme that multiple slow wave structures are arranged side by side and each slow wave structure forms an independent transmission channel, the present application can reduce the total volume of the multiple slow wave structures, thereby reducing the volume of the traveling wave tube, and further reducing the cost of the traveling wave tube.

[0007] The input device is configured to receive the multiple radio frequency signals and feed the multiple radio frequency signals into the multiple slow wave structures; the electron emission device is configured to emit the electron beam into at least one transmission channel of the multiple slow wave structures. For example, when the multiple slow wave structures form one transmission channel, the electron emission device can emit the electron beam into the transmission channel; when the multiple slow wave structures form multiple transmission channels, the electron emission device can emit the electron beam into each transmission channel. The multiple slow wave structures are configured to respectively receive the multiple radio frequency signals and respectively amplify the multiple radio frequency signals by using the electron beam, to obtain multiple amplified radio frequency signals. The output device is configured to output the multiple amplified radio frequency signals. Since the number of transmission channels is less than the number of slow wave structures in the present application, at least two slow wave structures form one transmission channel, and the radio frequency signals passing through the two slow wave structures share the same electron beam for transduction, thereby achieving full transduction of the electron beam and improving the transduction efficiency of the electron beam.

[0008] For the number of transmission channels formed by the multiple slow wave structures, in a possible implementation, the multiple slow wave structures form one transmission channel for transmitting the electron beam. Then, the multiple slow wave structures are specifically configured to respectively receive the multiple radio frequency signals and amplify the multiple radio frequency signals by sharing the electron beam, to obtain multiple amplified radio frequency signals. In this way, on the one hand, the radio frequency signals transmitted on each slow wave structure are amplified by sharing the same electron beam, thereby increasing the number of channels of the radio frequency signals that are transduced with the electron beam, so that the electron beam can be more fully transduced to better improve the transduction efficiency. On the other hand, the electron emission device includes multiple emission electrodes, each emission electrode is arranged corresponding to each transmission channel, when the multiple slow wave structures form one transmission channel, that is, the emission electrode corresponds to the multiple slow wave structures, and the radio frequency signals fed into each slow wave structure are all transduced with the electron beam passing through the transmission channel, therefore, during the assembly of the traveling wave tube, the assembly precision between each slow wave structure and the emission electrode does not need to be too high, thereby reducing the assembly difficulty, so as to reduce the assembly cost of the traveling wave tube and facilitate the batch production of the traveling wave tube.

[0009] In another possible implementation, the multiple slow wave structures form multiple transmission channels for transmitting the electron beam, and the number of transmission channels is less than the number of slow wave structures. For example, when the traveling wave tube includes four slow wave structures, the four slow wave structures form two transmission channels, or three transmission channels.

[0010] It can be understood that each slow wave structure can amplify one channel of RF signal, and therefore, the number of slow wave structures in the TWT depends on the number of channels of RF signal to be amplified by the TWT. For example, when the TWT needs to amplify two channels of RF signal, the TWT can include two slow wave structures. The two slow wave structures are arranged oppositely, and a transmission channel is formed between the two slow wave structures. In this way, when the electron emission device emits an electron beam to the transmission channel between the two slow wave structures, the two slow wave structures can respectively perform standing wave conversion on the RF signal fed into the slow wave structure and the electron beam passing through the transmission channel, so as to amplify the RF signal. This structure is simple and compact, and is more conducive to the miniaturization design of the TWT.

[0011] When the TWT needs to amplify at least three channels of RF signal, the TWT includes at least three slow wave structures arranged in a polygonal structure, and the at least three slow wave structures enclose a transmission channel. For example, when the TWT includes three slow wave structures, the three slow wave structures are arranged in a triangular structure; when the TWT includes four slow wave structures, the four slow wave structures are arranged in a quadrilateral structure. The space enclosed by the at least three slow wave structures is the transmission channel. When the electron emission device emits an electron beam to the transmission channel, each slow wave structure can perform standing wave conversion on the RF signal fed into the slow wave structure and the electron beam passing through the transmission channel, so as to amplify the RF signal. This structure is simple and compact, and is more conducive to the miniaturization design of the TWT.

[0012] Therefore, the slow wave structure includes a plurality of sub-segments arranged periodically along the transmission direction of the electron beam and connected in sequence, each sub-segment includes a U-shaped structure segment and a transition segment connected to the next sub-segment, and the transition segment is connected to the end of the two adjacent U-shaped connection segments.

[0013] In one embodiment, each slow wave structure is the same. In this way, the batch production of the TWT is facilitated. In this case, each slow wave structure includes a plurality of sub-segments. In another embodiment, at least two slow wave structures are different.

[0014] In some embodiments of the present application, the multi-path slow wave structure comprises a first slow wave structure and a second slow wave structure, the slow wave transmission channel is formed in each of the first slow wave structure and the second slow wave structure, and the slow wave transmission channel of the first slow wave structure and the slow wave transmission channel of the second slow wave structure have an overlapping region, and the overlapping region constitutes the transmission channel of the multi-path slow wave structure. Since the slow wave transmission channel of each slow wave structure is formed by the slow wave structure, when the slow wave transmission channel of the first slow wave structure and the slow wave transmission channel of the second slow wave structure have an overlapping region, the projections of the first slow wave structure and the second slow wave structure on the electron emission device coincide, overlap, or the projection of the first slow wave structure is located within the projection range of the second slow wave structure. Thus, compared with the side-by-side arrangement of the multi-path slow wave structure, the structure of the first slow wave structure and the second slow wave structure is more compact, thereby reducing the volume of the traveling wave tube.

[0015] Based on this, the first slow wave structure and the second slow wave structure are both in a spiral structure, the middle part of the spiral structure forms a transmission channel, and the first slow wave structure and the second slow wave structure are nested in sequence. Thus, the first slow wave structure and the second slow wave structure in the spiral structure are more compactly arranged.

[0016] Further, to facilitate the arrangement of the first slow wave structure and the second slow wave structure, for example, the first slow wave structure and the second slow wave structure are arranged in a staggered manner along the propagation direction of the electron beam. When the size parameters of the first slow wave structure and the second slow wave structure are the same or similar, by arranging the first slow wave structure and the second slow wave structure in a staggered manner along the propagation direction of the electron beam, the first slow wave structure and the second slow wave structure are less likely to interfere with each other in space, thereby facilitating the assembly of the first slow wave structure and the second slow wave structure in a nested manner.

[0017] It can be understood that the size parameters of the first slow wave structure and the size parameters of the second slow wave structure can be determined based on the frequency of the radio frequency signal to be amplified. For example, when the frequencies of the radio frequency signals to be amplified by the first slow wave structure and the second slow wave structure are the same, the size parameters of the first slow wave structure and the second slow wave structure can be set to the same size parameters; otherwise, the size parameters of the first slow wave structure and the second slow wave structure are set to different size parameters. The size parameters may, for example, be the outer diameter of the spiral structure, the inner diameter, the distance between the inner wall of the spiral structure and the electron beam, etc.

[0018] In different application scenarios, the length of the TWT is different, and the length of the slow wave structure is positively correlated with the length of the TWT. That is, the longer the length of the TWT is, the longer the length of the slow wave structure is. The shorter the length of the TWT is, the shorter the length of the slow wave structure is. When the length of the slow wave structure is short, each slow wave structure can be an integral structure. When the length of the slow wave structure is long, at least one slow wave structure can be a segmented structure. For example, part of the slow wave structure is a segmented structure or all of the slow wave structures are segmented structures. Specifically, the slow wave structure can include a plurality of slow wave structure segments arranged in sequence along the transmission direction of the electron beam, and each adjacent two slow wave structure segments have a gap. When the length of the slow wave structure exceeds a certain size, the transmission of the radio frequency signal in the slow wave structure in an integral structure will generate a large oscillation. By setting the slow wave structure as a segmented structure, the oscillation can be eliminated, thereby improving the stability of the radio frequency performance.

[0019] In order to better separate the multiple amplified radio frequency signals output by the multiple slow wave structures, in some embodiments of the present application, the TWT further includes a compensation module. For the setting position of the compensation module, in a possible embodiment, the compensation module is arranged at the input end of the input device. The compensation module is used to receive the multiple initial radio frequency signals, compensate the multiple initial radio frequency signals, obtain the multiple radio frequency signals, and send the multiple radio frequency signals to the input device.

[0020] Specifically, the output device is further used to send the multiple amplified radio frequency signals to the compensation module. The compensation module is specifically used to calculate a compensation matrix at the current time according to the multiple amplified radio frequency signals at the last time and the multiple initial radio frequency signals at the last time, and compensate the multiple initial radio frequency signals at the current time according to the compensation matrix at the current time, and obtain the multiple radio frequency signals. In specific implementation, the transmission matrix can be calculated according to the multiple amplified radio frequency signals at the last time and the multiple initial radio frequency signals at the last time, and then the inverse matrix of the transmission matrix is calculated to obtain the compensation matrix at the current time. Since the compensation matrix is calculated according to the multiple amplified radio frequency signals at the last time and the multiple initial radio frequency signals at the last time, the compensation matrix fully considers the transformation relationship between the initial radio frequency signals and the amplified radio frequency signals, thereby facilitating more accurate compensation of the multiple initial radio frequency signals, so as to better separate the multiple amplified radio frequency signals.

[0021] For the setting position of the compensation module, in a possible embodiment, the compensation module is arranged at the output end of the output device. The compensation module is used to receive the multiple amplified radio frequency signals, and compensate the multiple amplified radio frequency signals.

[0022] Specifically, the compensation module is specifically configured to: calculate a compensation matrix of the current moment according to the multi-path amplified radio frequency signal of the previous moment and the multi-path initial radio frequency signal of the previous moment; and compensate the multi-path amplified radio frequency signal of the current moment according to the compensation matrix of the current moment. In a specific implementation, a transmission matrix can be calculated according to the multi-path amplified radio frequency signal of the previous moment and the multi-path initial radio frequency signal of the previous moment, and then an inverse matrix of the transmission matrix is calculated to obtain the compensation matrix of the current moment. Since the compensation matrix is calculated according to the multi-path amplified radio frequency signal of the previous moment and the multi-path initial radio frequency signal of the previous moment, the compensation matrix fully considers the transformation relationship between the initial radio frequency signal and the amplified radio frequency signal, thereby facilitating more accurate compensation of the multi-path amplified initial radio frequency signal, so as to better separate the multi-path amplified radio frequency signal.

[0023] In some embodiments of the present application, the traveling wave tube further comprises a compensation module, which can be an analog circuit. The compensation module comprises a directional coupler, an attenuator, an analog-to-digital converter and a frequency downconverter. The input end of the directional coupler is connected with the output end of the output device, the output end of the directional coupler is connected with the input end of the attenuator, the output end of the attenuator is connected with the input end of the analog-to-digital converter, the output end of the analog-to-digital converter is connected with the input end of the frequency downconverter, and the output end of the frequency downconverter is connected with the input end of the input device. The directional coupler can receive the multi-path amplified radio frequency signal output by the output device, and split the multi-path amplified radio frequency signal into two groups of radio frequency signals. Each group of radio frequency signals comprises the multi-path amplified radio frequency signal, one group of radio frequency signals is output to the traveling wave tube, and the other group of radio frequency signals is output to the attenuator. The attenuator reduces the power of the received multi-path amplified radio frequency signal and sends it to the analog-to-digital converter. The analog-to-digital converter converts the received radio frequency signal with reduced power from an analog signal to a digital signal and sends it to the frequency downconverter. The frequency downconverter reduces the frequency of the digital signal and feeds it back to the input device. Thus, the input device can receive a signal corresponding to the multi-path amplified radio frequency signal output by the output device, thereby facilitating compensation of the received radio frequency signal.

[0024] In a second aspect of the present application, a transmitter is provided, which comprises a baseband processing unit, a multi-channel module, an antenna and a traveling wave tube of the above-mentioned embodiments, and the traveling wave tube does not comprise a compensation module. The output end of the baseband processing unit is connected with the input end of the multi-channel module, the output end of the multi-channel module is connected with the input end of the traveling wave tube, and the output end of the traveling wave tube is connected with the input end of the antenna. The transmitter can realize all the effects of the traveling wave tube.

[0025] In order to better separate the multi-path amplified radio frequency signal, in the present embodiment, the transmitter further comprises a compensation module, which is configured to compensate the multi-path radio frequency signal fed into the traveling wave tube or the multi-path amplified radio frequency signal output by the traveling wave tube.

[0026] As to the setting position of the compensation module, in one possible implementation, the compensation module is located at the input end of the traveling wave tube. For example, in one example, the compensation module is arranged between the baseband processing unit and the multi-channel module, specifically, the input end of the compensation module is connected with the output end of the baseband processing unit, and the output end of the compensation module is connected with the input end of the multi-channel module. In another example, the compensation module is arranged between the multi-channel module and the traveling wave tube, specifically, the input end of the compensation module is connected with the output end of the multi-channel module, and the output end of the compensation module is connected with the input end of the traveling wave tube. In this way, the compensation module is facilitated to perform compensation processing on the multi-channel radio frequency signals fed into the traveling wave tube.

[0027] In another possible implementation, the compensation module is located at the output end of the traveling wave tube. For example, the compensation module is arranged between the traveling wave tube and the antenna, specifically, the input end of the compensation module is connected with the output end of the traveling wave tube, and the output end of the compensation module is connected with the input end of the antenna. In this way, the compensation module is facilitated to perform compensation processing on the multi-channel amplified radio frequency signals output by the traveling wave tube.

[0028] The third aspect of the present application further provides a transmitter, which comprises a baseband processing unit, a multi-channel module, an antenna and the above-mentioned traveling wave tube comprising the compensation module. The output end of the baseband processing unit is connected with the input end of the multi-channel module, the output end of the multi-channel module is connected with the input end of the traveling wave tube, and the output end of the traveling wave tube is connected with the input end of the antenna. The transmitter can realize all effects of the traveling wave tube.

[0029] The fourth aspect of the present application provides an electronic device, which comprises a controller and the transmitter of any of the above-mentioned embodiments, and the transmitter is electrically connected with the controller. The electronic device can realize all effects of the transmitter.

[0030] The fifth aspect of the present application further provides a signal processing method applied to a traveling wave tube. The method comprises: an input device receiving multi-channel radio frequency signals and feeding the multi-channel radio frequency signals into multi-channel slow wave structures; an electron emission device emitting electron beams into at least one transmission channel of the multi-channel slow wave structures, the number of the transmission channels being less than the number of the slow wave structures; the multi-channel slow wave structures respectively receiving the multi-channel radio frequency signals and respectively amplifying the multi-channel radio frequency signals by using the electron beams to obtain multi-channel amplified radio frequency signals; and an output device outputting the multi-channel amplified radio frequency signals.

[0031] In the present application, the multi-path slow wave structure forms at least one transmission channel, that is, the multi-path slow wave structure forms one or more transmission channels. And the number of transmission channels is less than the number of slow wave structures, so that at least two slow wave structures form a transmission channel. On the one hand, compared with the scheme that the multi-path slow wave structure is arranged side by side and each slow wave structure forms an independent transmission channel, that is, the number of transmission channels formed by the multi-path slow wave structure is the same as the number of slow wave structures, the present application can reduce the overall volume of the multi-path slow wave structure, thereby reducing the volume of the traveling wave tube, and further reducing the cost of the traveling wave tube. On the other hand, when at least two slow wave structures form a transmission channel, the radio frequency signals passing through the two slow wave structures share the same electron beam for transduction, thereby achieving sufficient transduction of the electron beam, thereby improving the transduction efficiency of the electron beam.

[0032] In order to better separate the multi-path amplified radio frequency signals output by the multi-path slow wave structure, in an embodiment of the present application, before the step of receiving the multi-path radio frequency signals by the input device, the method further comprises: a compensation module receiving multi-path initial radio frequency signals; the compensation module compensating the multi-path initial radio frequency signals to obtain the multi-path radio frequency signals and sending them to the input device.

[0033] Further, the step of the compensation module compensating the multi-path initial radio frequency signals to obtain the multi-path radio frequency signals and sending them to the input device comprises: the compensation module calculating a compensation matrix at the current time according to the multi-path amplified radio frequency signals at the last time and the multi-path initial radio frequency signals at the last time; and the compensation module compensating the multi-path initial radio frequency signals at the current time according to the compensation matrix at the current time and obtaining the multi-path radio frequency signals. In specific implementation, the transmission matrix can be calculated according to the multi-path amplified radio frequency signals at the last time and the multi-path initial radio frequency signals at the last time, and then the inverse matrix of the transmission matrix is calculated to obtain the compensation matrix at the current time. Since the compensation matrix is calculated according to the multi-path amplified radio frequency signals at the last time and the multi-path initial radio frequency signals at the last time, the compensation matrix fully considers the transformation relationship between the initial radio frequency signals and the amplified radio frequency signals, thereby facilitating more accurate compensation of the multi-path initial radio frequency signals to better separate the multi-path amplified radio frequency signals.

[0034] In order to better separate the multi-path amplified radio frequency signals output by the multi-path slow wave structure, in another embodiment of the present application, after the step of outputting the multi-path amplified radio frequency signals by the output device, the method further comprises: a compensation module receiving the multi-path amplified radio frequency signals; and the compensation module compensating the multi-path amplified radio frequency signals.

[0035] Further, the step of compensating the multiple amplified radio frequency signals by the compensation module comprises: calculating a compensation matrix of the current time according to the multiple amplified radio frequency signals of the last time and the multiple initial radio frequency signals of the last time; and compensating the multiple amplified radio frequency signals of the current time according to the compensation matrix of the current time. In a specific implementation, the transmission matrix can be calculated according to the multiple amplified radio frequency signals of the last time and the multiple initial radio frequency signals of the last time, and then the inverse matrix of the transmission matrix is calculated to obtain the compensation matrix of the current time. Since the compensation matrix is calculated according to the multiple amplified radio frequency signals of the last time and the multiple initial radio frequency signals of the last time, the compensation matrix fully considers the transformation relationship between the initial radio frequency signals and the amplified radio frequency signals, so that the multiple amplified initial radio frequency signals can be more accurately compensated, and the multiple amplified radio frequency signals can be better separated. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0036] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the drawings needed to be used in the description of the embodiments of the present application will be briefly introduced. Obviously, the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present application, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative labor.

[0037] FIG. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a transmitter in the embodiments of the present application;

[0038] FIG. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a traveling wave tube in the related art;

[0039] FIG. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of a traveling wave tube in the first embodiment of the present application;

[0040] FIG. 4 is a perspective structural schematic diagram of the traveling wave tube shown in FIG. 3;

[0041] FIG. 5 is a structural schematic diagram of a traveling wave tube in the second embodiment of the present application;

[0042] FIG. 6 is a structural schematic diagram of a traveling wave tube in the third embodiment of the present application;

[0043] FIG. 7 is a structural schematic diagram of a traveling wave tube in the fourth embodiment of the present application;

[0044] FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of a signal transmission process in the traveling wave tube shown in FIG. 3;

[0045] FIG. 9 is a structural schematic diagram of a traveling wave tube in the fifth embodiment of the present application;

[0046] FIG. 10 is a structural schematic diagram of a traveling wave tube in the sixth embodiment of the present application;

[0047] Fig. 11 is a schematic diagram of the power of the RF signal input into the input coupler and the power of the RF signal output from the output coupler in the TWT shown in Fig. 10;

[0048] Fig. 12 is a schematic diagram of the power of the RF signal input into the input coupler and the power of the RF signal output from the output coupler in the TWT shown in Fig. 10;

[0049] Fig. 13 is a schematic diagram of the process of the compensation processing of the TWT shown in Fig. 10;

[0050] Fig. 14 is a schematic diagram of the signal transmission process in the TWT shown in Fig. 10;

[0051] Fig. 15 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the TWT in the seventh embodiment of the present application;

[0052] Fig. 16 is a schematic diagram of the signal transmission process in the TWT shown in Fig. 15;

[0053] Fig. 17 is a schematic diagram of the process of the compensation processing of the TWT shown in Fig. 15;

[0054] Fig. 18 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the TWT in the eighth embodiment of the present application;

[0055] Fig. 19 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the TWT in the ninth embodiment of the present application;

[0056] Fig. 20 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the TWT in the tenth embodiment of the present application;

[0057] Fig. 21 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the TWT in the eleventh embodiment of the present application;

[0058] Fig. 22 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the transmitter in the first embodiment of the present application;

[0059] Fig. 23 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the transmitter in the second embodiment of the present application;

[0060] Fig. 24 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the transmitter in the third embodiment of the present application;

[0061] Fig. 25 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the transmitter in the fourth embodiment of the present application;

[0062] Fig. 26 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the transmitter in the fifth embodiment of the present application;

[0063] Fig. 27 is a schematic diagram of the process of the signal processing method provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0064] Fig. 28 is a schematic diagram of the process of the signal processing method provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0065] Fig. 29 is a schematic diagram of the process of the signal processing method provided by the embodiments of the present application;

[0066] Fig. 1 - Traveling wave tube; 2 - Baseband processing unit; 3 - Multichannel module; 4 - Antenna; 5 - Power supply; 10 - Input device; 11 - Input coupler; 20 - Electron emitting device; 21 - Emitter; 22 - Electron beam; 30 - Slow wave structure; 301 - Slow wave transmission channel; 302 - Transmission channel; 303 - Overlapping region; 31 - First slow wave structure; 32 - Second slow wave structure; 33 - Third slow wave structure; 34 - Subsection; 341 - U-shaped structure subsection; 342 - Transition subsection; 35 - Slow wave structure subsection; 36 - Gap; 40 - Output device; 41 - Output coupler; 50 - Focusing system; 60 - Collector; 70 - Tube housing; 71 - Clamping rod; 80 - Compensation module; 81 - Training sub-module; 82 - Compensation sub-module; 83 - Directional coupler; 84 - Attenuator; 85 - Analog-to-digital converter; 86 - Downconverter. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0067] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are some of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all the embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work fall within the scope of the present application.

[0068] The term "and / or" in this document merely describes an association relationship of associated objects, and indicates that there can be three relationships, for example, A and / or B can represent the following three cases: A exists alone, A and B exist together, and B exists alone, where A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally represents an "or" relationship between the front and rear associated objects. "At least one (item)" means one or more, and "multiple" means two or more. "At least one (item)" or the like means any combination of these items, including any combination of single (item) or multiple items. For example, at least one of a, b or c can represent a, b, c, "a and b", "a and c", "b and c", or "a and b and c", where a, b, and c can be singular or plural.

[0069] The terms "first" and "second" and the like in the specification and claims of the embodiments of the present application are used to distinguish different objects, rather than to describe a specific order of the objects. For example, the first target object and the second target object are used to distinguish different target objects, rather than to describe a specific order of the target objects.

[0070] "connected," "coupled," and "in communication with" used in the description of the embodiments herein can mean elements or devices that are directly connected, or that are not directly connected but that are able to interact or exchange signals. In addition, the use of "include," "have," and "comprise" and variations thereof are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, system, product, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements is not necessarily limited to those elements but can include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, system, product, or apparatus. "Upper," "lower," "left," "right," and the like are used to denote relative positions in the orientation of the components in the drawings and are relative concepts, which are used for description and clarification, and can change accordingly according to the change of the orientation of the components in the drawings.

[0071] In the embodiments of the present application, the words "exemplary" and "for example" are used to mean serving as an example, instance, or illustration. Any implementation or design scheme described as "exemplary" or "for example" in the embodiments of the present application should not be construed as being preferred or advantageous over other implementations or design schemes. Rather, the use of the words "exemplary" and "for example" is intended to present concepts in a concrete manner.

[0072] In the description of the embodiments of the present application, the meaning of "a plurality of" is two or more, unless otherwise specified. For example, a plurality of processing units means two or more processing units; a plurality of systems means two or more systems.

[0073] At present, an electronic device is provided with a transmitter and a controller, and the transmitter is electrically connected with the controller. The electronic device can send signals to other electronic devices or communication devices through the transmitter. The electronic device can also be provided with a receiver, so that the electronic device can receive signals from other electronic devices or communication devices through the receiver.

[0074] The electronic device can be, for example, a server, a consumer electronic product, a home electronic product, a vehicle-mounted electronic product, a financial terminal product, a communication electronic product, and the like, and embodiments of the present application do not limit the same. Illustratively, the consumer electronic product can be a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a notebook computer, a personal computer (PC), a personal digital assistant (PDA), a smart wearable product (for example, a smart watch, a smart bracelet, and the like), a virtual reality (VR) terminal device, an augmented reality (AR) terminal device, a drone, and the like. The home electronic product can be a smart door lock, a television, a smart sound box, a refrigerator, a sweeping robot, and the like. The vehicle-mounted electronic product can be a vehicle-mounted navigator, a vehicle-mounted display, and the like. The financial terminal product can be an automated teller machine (ATM), an electronic device for self-service business, and the like. The communication electronic product can be a server, a memory, a radar, a base station, a satellite payload, and the like.

[0075] By using millimeter waves, the carrier frequency of communication is greatly increased, so a wide frequency band far exceeding tens of times of the existing 4G long term evolution (LTE) frequency band can be obtained. To meet the requirements of high-speed communication rate and wide coverage, as shown in FIG. 1, the transmitter can include a traveling wave tube (TWT) 1, a baseband processing unit 2, a multi-channel module 3, an antenna 4, and a power supply 5. The output end of the baseband processing unit 2 is connected to the input end of the multi-channel module 3, the output end of the multi-channel module 3 is connected to the input end of the TWT 1, the output end of the TWT 1 is connected to the input end of the antenna 4. The power supply 5 is connected to the TWT 1.

[0076] The baseband processing unit 2 is used to implement encoding, mapping, non-linear compensation algorithm, and the like of multiple signals, and output multiple baseband signals. The multi-channel module 3 implements digital-to-analog conversion, filtering, signal up-conversion, and gain control, and the like of the multiple baseband signals, and outputs a radio frequency power drive signal that can satisfy the working point of the TWT 1. The TWT 1 is used to amplify the power of the multiple radio frequency power drive signals, and then feed them to the antenna 4. The antenna 4 can be a multi-beam antenna, which is used to implement beamforming and beam pointing control of the multiple amplified signals, and to implement efficient transmission of the multiple amplified signals to target users. Thus, the transmitter can be an equivalent isotropic radiated power (EIRP) multi-beam transmitter.

[0077] In the related art, as shown in FIG. 2, a traveling wave tube 1 generally includes an electron emission device 20 and multiple slow wave structures 30. Each slow wave structure 30 is formed with a transmission channel 302, that is, the number of slow wave structures 30 is the same as the number of transmission channels 302. As can be seen from FIG. 2, in the related art, the volume of the multiple slow wave structures 30 is large, thereby resulting in a large volume of the traveling wave tube 1 and further resulting in a high cost of the traveling wave tube 1.

[0078] In addition, referring to FIG. 2, the electron emission device 20 can emit an electron beam 22 to each slow wave structure 30, each slow wave structure 30 can receive a radio frequency signal, and utilize the electron beam 22 passing through the internal transmission channel 302 to perform standing wave conversion on the radio frequency signal, thereby performing amplification processing on the radio frequency signal. That is, each electron beam 22 only performs standing wave conversion with one radio frequency signal, thereby resulting in a low conversion efficiency of the electron beam 22.

[0079] Based on this, the embodiments of the present application provide a traveling wave tube 1 which can be applied to a peer-to-peer (P2P), point to multiple point (P2MP) or multi-point to multi-point scenario. The traveling wave tube 1 can be a multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) traveling wave tube. As shown in FIG. 3, the traveling wave tube 1 can include an input device 10, an electron emission device 20, multiple slow wave structures 30 and an output device 40.

[0080] As shown in FIG. 3, the input device 10 can include multiple input couplers 11, and the number of input couplers 11 is the same as the number of slow wave structures 30. For example, in the embodiments, the traveling wave tube 1 includes two slow wave structures 30, and the input device 10 also includes two input couplers 11. Each input coupler 11 is connected to each slow wave structure 30, respectively.

[0081] Similarly, as shown in FIG. 3, the output device 40 can include multiple output couplers 41, and the number of output couplers 41 is the same as the number of slow wave structures 30. For example, in the embodiments, the traveling wave tube 1 includes two slow wave structures 30, and the output device 40 also includes two output couplers 41. Each output coupler 41 is connected to each slow wave structure 30, respectively.

[0082] As shown in FIG. 3, the electron emission device 20 can include at least one emitter 21 which can emit an electron beam 22. It can be understood that one emitter 21 can emit one electron beam 22, and the electron emission device 20 includes several emitters 21, that is, several electron beams 22 can be emitted.

[0083] Each of the multiple slow wave structures 30 can amplify one of the multiple RF signals, and thus the number of the slow wave structures 30 in the TWT 1 depends on the number of the channels of the RF signals to be amplified by the TWT 1. For example, in one example, the TWT 1 needs to amplify two RF signals, and thus, as shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, the TWT 1 includes two slow wave structures 30. In another example, the TWT 1 needs to amplify three RF signals, and thus, as shown in FIG. 5, the TWT 1 includes three slow wave structures 30. In other examples, the TWT 1 needs to amplify four RF signals, and thus, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, the TWT 1 includes four slow wave structures 30.

[0084] As shown in FIG. 3, at least one transmission channel 302 is formed in each of the multiple slow wave structures 30, that is, one or more transmission channels 302 are formed in each of the multiple slow wave structures 30. For example, as shown in FIG. 3, when the TWT 1 includes two slow wave structures 30, the two slow wave structures 30 can form one transmission channel 302. As shown in FIG. 5, when the TWT 1 includes three slow wave structures 30, the three slow wave structures 30 can form one transmission channel 302. When the TWT 1 includes four slow wave structures 30, the four slow wave structures 30 can form one transmission channel 302 as shown in FIG. 7, or the four slow wave structures 30 can form two transmission channels 302 as shown in FIG. 6.

[0085] In addition, as shown in FIGS. 3-7, the number of the transmission channels 302 is less than the number of the slow wave structures 30, and thus, at least two of the slow wave structures 30 form one transmission channel 302. Compared with the scheme shown in FIG. 2, in which the multiple slow wave structures 30 are arranged side by side, and each of the multiple slow wave structures 30 forms one independent transmission channel 302, that is, the number of the transmission channels 302 formed by the multiple slow wave structures 30 is the same as the number of the slow wave structures 30, the embodiment of the present application can reduce the overall volume of the multiple slow wave structures 30, thereby reducing the volume of the TWT 1, and further reducing the cost of the TWT 1.

[0086] Referring to FIG. 8, the input device 10 is configured to receive the multiple RF signals, and feed the multiple RF signals to the multiple slow wave structures 30. In this process, each of the input couplers 11 can receive one of the RF signals from the multi-channel module 3 shown in FIG. 2, and the RF signal can be a TE10 analog signal. The input coupler 11 can convert the TE10 signal into a (quasi-) TEM analog signal.

[0087] Continuing to refer to FIG. 8, the electron emission device 20 is configured to emit the electron beam 22 into at least one transmission channel 302 (as shown in FIG. 3) of the multi-path slow wave structure 30. For example, as shown in FIG. 3, when the multi-path slow wave structure 30 forms one transmission channel 302, the electron emission device 20 can emit the electron beam 22 into the transmission channel 302. As shown in FIG. 5, when the multi-path slow wave structure 30 forms multiple transmission channels 302, the electron emission device 20 can emit the electron beam 22 into each transmission channel 302. It can be understood that the electron emission device 20 can emit one or more electron beams 22 into the same transmission channel 302.

[0088] Continuing to refer to FIG. 8, the multi-path slow wave structure 30 is configured to respectively receive the multiple radio frequency signals, and respectively amplify the multiple radio frequency signals by using the electron beam 22 to obtain multiple amplified radio frequency signals, and output each of the multiple amplified radio frequency signals to each output coupler 41 of the output device 40. The output device 40 is configured to output the multiple amplified radio frequency signals. Thus, the amplification of the radio frequency signals is completed.

[0089] Since, in the embodiment of the present application, as shown in FIG. 3, the number of the transmission channels 302 is less than the number of the slow wave structures 30, at least two slow wave structures 30 form one transmission channel 302, and the radio frequency signals passing through the two slow wave structures 30 share the same electron beam 22 for transduction. Thus, the electron beam 22 can be fully transduced, and the transduction efficiency of the electron beam 22 is improved.

[0090] As shown in FIG. 3, the traveling wave tube 1 can further include a focusing system 50, a collector 60, and a tube shell 70. The focusing system 50 can be formed with a cavity inside, and the tube shell 70 is fixed in the cavity of the focusing system 50. The focusing system 50 can be a periodic permanent magnet focusing system, a uniform magnetic focusing system, a pulse code modulation (PCM) magnetic focusing system, etc.

[0091] As shown in FIG. 3, the inner part of the tube shell 70 is also formed with a cavity, and the multi-path slow wave structure 30 is fixed in the cavity of the tube shell 70. The electron emitting device 20 can be fixed at one end of the focusing system 50, and the collector 60 can be fixed at the other end of the focusing system 50. That is, the tube shell 70 and the multi-path slow wave structure 30 are located between the electron emitting device 20 and the collector 60, so that the electron emitting device 20 can emit the electron beam 22 to the transmission channel 302 formed by the multi-path slow wave structure 30, and the electron beam 22 can be compressed, focused and maintained in shape under the action of the focusing system 50 when transmitting in the transmission channel 302. The electron beam 22 transmits in the transmission channel 302, forms a group along the Y direction, and is inductively coupled with the radio frequency signal passing through the slow wave structure 30, that is, converts its kinetic energy into microwave energy, and then transmits to the collector 60 at the other end of the focusing system 50. The collector 60 can recover the residual energy of the electron beam 22 after inductive coupling, thereby improving the conversion efficiency of the traveling wave tube 1.

[0092] Further, as shown in FIGS. 3, 5 and 7, when the multi-path slow wave structure 30 forms one transmission channel 302 for transmitting the electron beam 22, the multi-path slow wave structure 30 is specifically used for: respectively receiving a plurality of radio frequency signals, and amplifying the plurality of radio frequency signals by sharing the electron beam 22 to obtain a plurality of amplified radio frequency signals. In this way, on the one hand, the radio frequency signal transmitted on each slow wave structure 30 is amplified by sharing the same electron beam 22, thereby increasing the number of channels of the radio frequency signal inductively coupled with the electron beam 22, so that the electron beam 22 can be more fully converted to better improve the conversion efficiency. On the other hand, the electron emitting device 20 includes a plurality of emitting electrodes 21, each emitting electrode 21 is correspondingly arranged with each transmission channel 302, when the multi-path slow wave structure 30 forms one transmission channel 302, that is, the emitting electrode 21 corresponds to the multi-path slow wave structure 30, and the radio frequency signal fed into each slow wave structure 30 is inductively coupled with the electron beam 22 passing through the transmission channel 302, so that the assembly precision between each slow wave structure 30 and the emitting electrode 21 does not need to be too high during the assembly of the traveling wave tube 1, thereby reducing the assembly difficulty, so as to reduce the assembly cost of the traveling wave tube 1 and facilitate the batch production of the traveling wave tube 1.

[0093] As shown in FIG. 3 and FIG. 4, when the traveling wave tube 1 includes two slow wave structures 30, the two slow wave structures 30 are oppositely arranged, and a transmission channel 302 is formed between the two slow wave structures 30. The electron beam 22 emitted by the electron emission device 20 is transmitted from the transmission channel 302 between the two slow wave structures 30, and the two slow wave structures 30 are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the electron beam 22. In this way, when the electron emission device 20 emits the electron beam 22 to the transmission channel 302 between the two slow wave structures 30, the two slow wave structures 30 can respectively perform standing wave conversion on the radio frequency signal fed into itself and the electron beam 22 passing through the transmission channel 302, so as to amplify the radio frequency signal. The structure is relatively simple and compact, and is more conducive to the miniaturization design of the traveling wave tube 1.

[0094] As shown in FIG. 5, when the traveling wave tube 1 includes three slow wave structures 30, the three slow wave structures 30 are arranged in a triangular structure, and the three slow wave structures 30 enclose a transmission channel 302.

[0095] As shown in FIG. 7, when the traveling wave tube 1 includes four slow wave structures 30, the four slow wave structures 30 can be arranged in a quadrilateral structure. The space enclosed by the four slow wave structures 30 is the transmission channel 302. When the electron emission device 20 emits the electron beam 22 to the transmission channel 302, each slow wave structure 30 can perform standing wave conversion on the radio frequency signal fed into itself and the electron beam 22 passing through the transmission channel 302, so as to amplify the radio frequency signal. The structure is relatively simple and compact, and is more conducive to the miniaturization design of the traveling wave tube 1.

[0096] It can be understood that when the traveling wave tube 1 includes five or more slow wave structures 30, in order to be more conducive to the miniaturization design of the traveling wave tube 1, the five slow wave structures 30 in the traveling wave tube 1 can be arranged in a pentagonal structure, and the like.

[0097] As shown in FIG. 4, the slow wave structure 30 includes a plurality of sub-sections 34 arranged periodically along the transmission direction (X direction) of the electron beam 22 and connected in sequence. The sub-section 34 includes a U-shaped structure section 341 and a transition section 342 connected with the next sub-section 34. The transition section 342 is connected to the end of the two adjacent U-shaped structure sections. The cross-sectional shape of the U-shaped structure section 341 and the transition section 342 can be circular.

[0098] In addition, in the embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, each slow wave structure 30 is the same. In this way, the batch production of the traveling wave tube 1 is facilitated. In this case, each slow wave structure 30 includes a plurality of sub-sections 34. In other embodiments, the plurality of slow wave structures 30 are not completely the same, that is, at least two slow wave structures 30 are different.

[0099] In different application scenarios, the length of the TWT 1 is different, and the length of the slow wave structure 30 is positively correlated with the length of the TWT 1. That is, the longer the length of the TWT 1, the longer the length of the slow wave structure 30. The shorter the length of the TWT 1, the shorter the length of the slow wave structure 30. When the length of the slow wave structure 30 is short, as shown in FIG. 4, each slow wave structure 30 can be an integral structure. When the length of the slow wave structure 30 is long, as shown in FIG. 9, at least one slow wave structure 30 can be a segmented structure. For example, in this embodiment, all slow wave structures 30 are segmented structures. In other embodiments, part of the slow wave structures 30 are segmented structures, and the other part of the slow wave structures 30 are integral structures.

[0100] Specifically, the slow wave structure 30 with a segmented structure can include a plurality of slow wave structure segments 35 arranged in sequence along the transmission direction (X direction) of the electron beam 22. Along the X direction, each adjacent two slow wave structure segments 35 have a gap 36 therebetween. When the length of the slow wave structure 30 exceeds a certain size, the transmission of the radio frequency signal in the slow wave structure 30 with an integral structure will generate a large oscillation. By setting the slow wave structure 30 as a segmented structure, this kind of oscillation can be eliminated, thereby improving the stability of the radio frequency performance.

[0101] It can be understood that the size parameters of each slow wave structure 30 can be determined based on the frequency of the radio frequency signal to be amplified. For example, taking the two slow wave structures 30 in FIG. 3 as an example, for the convenience of description, the two slow wave structures 30 are respectively a first slow wave structure 31 and a second slow wave structure 32. When the frequencies of the radio frequency signals to be amplified by the first slow wave structure 31 and the second slow wave structure 32 are the same, the size parameters of the first slow wave structure 31 and the second slow wave structure 32 can be set as the same size parameters. When the frequencies of the radio frequency signals to be amplified by the first slow wave structure 31 and the second slow wave structure 32 are different, the size parameters of the first slow wave structure 31 and the second slow wave structure 32 can be set as different size parameters. Here, the size parameters can be, for example, the pipe diameter of the U-shaped structure segment 341 and the transition segment 342 shown in FIG. 4, and the distance between the slow wave structure 30 and the electron beam 22.

[0102] When the plurality of slow wave structures 30 share the same electron beam 22, there is a coupling effect between the plurality of slow wave structures 30, so that the plurality of amplified radio frequency signals output by the plurality of slow wave structures 30 are difficult to separate. Therefore, in order to better separate the plurality of amplified radio frequency signals, as shown in FIG. 10, the TWT 1 can further include a compensation module 80.

[0103] For the setting position of the compensation module 80, there can be the following two cases:

[0104] Case 1

[0105] As shown in FIG. 10, the compensation module 80 is arranged at the input end of the input device 10. Thus, the compensation module 80 is configured to receive the plurality of initial radio frequency signals, compensate the plurality of initial radio frequency signals, obtain the plurality of radio frequency signals, and send the plurality of radio frequency signals to the input device 10. The plurality of initial radio frequency signals can be the initial radio frequency signals sent from the multi-channel module 3 shown in FIG. 2.

[0106] The compensation module 80 can include a digital compensation circuit. Thus, in this case, the initial radio frequency signals are compensated by using a digital compensation method. The present embodiment provides two digital compensation methods, and the difference between the two digital compensation methods mainly lies in the structure of the compensation module 80 and the way of obtaining the compensation matrix.

[0107] In a possible implementation, the compensation matrix can be a compensation matrix that is pre-calculated or tested and constant throughout the compensation process. Specifically, the digital compensation can be performed in the following way:

[0108] As shown in FIG. 11, the output device can include two input couplers, which are input coupler Pin1 and input coupler Pin2. The radio frequency signals are input to the input coupler Pin1 and the input coupler Pin2, respectively, wherein the power S1 of the radio frequency signal input to the input coupler Pin1 is 125 mW, and the power S2 of the radio frequency signal input to the input coupler Pin2 is 0. The amplification factor G1 of the first slow wave structure 31 is 66.4, and the amplification factor G12 of the second slow wave structure 32 is 86.4. The two output couplers are output coupler Pout1 and output coupler Pout2. The power S3 of the amplified radio frequency signal output by the output coupler Pout1 is 8.3 W, and the power S4 of the amplified radio frequency signal output by the output coupler Pout2 is 10.8 W.

[0109] The compensation module 80 can be configured to calculate the first transmission matrix by using the radio frequency signals input to the input coupler Pin1 and the input coupler Pin2, and the amplified radio frequency signals output by the output coupler Pout1 and the output coupler Pout2, as shown in FIG. 11.

[0110] The input RF signals of the input coupler Pinl and the input coupler Pin2 shown in FIG. 11 are exchanged, as shown in FIG. 12, the power S1 of the RF signal input to the input coupler Pinl is 0, and the power S2 of the RF signal input to the input coupler Pin2 is 125 mW. The amplification factor G21 of the first slow wave structure 31 is 86.4, and the amplification factor G2 of the second slow wave structure 32 is 66.4. The two output couplers are output coupler Poutl and output coupler Pout2 respectively. The power S3 of the amplified RF signal output by the output coupler Poutl is 10.8 W, and the power S4 of the amplified RF signal output by the output coupler Pout2 is 8.3 W.

[0111] The compensation module 80 can be used to calculate the second transmission matrix by using the RF signals input to the input coupler Pinl and the input coupler Pin2 shown in FIG. 12, and the amplified RF signals output by the output coupler Poutl and the output coupler Pout2.

[0112] The compensation module 80 can be used to calculate the transmission matrix by using the first transmission matrix and the second transmission matrix. For example, the average value of the first transmission matrix and the second transmission matrix can be calculated to obtain the transmission matrix. For example, by the model shown in FIG. 11 and FIG. 12, the transmission matrix T can be calculated as follows:

[0113] The compensation module 80 can be used to calculate the inverse matrix of the transmission matrix T to obtain the compensation matrix T':

[0114] As shown in FIG. 13, the powers of the two initial RF signals input to the input coupler Pinl and the input coupler Pin2 are S1 and S2 respectively. After obtaining the compensation matrix T', S1 and S2 are combined to form a matrix, and multiplied by the compensation matrix T' to complete the compensation. For example, as shown in FIG. 13, the power of the RF signal input to the input coupler Pinl (i.e. the compensated RF signal) is S1 x (-1.4493) + S2 x 1.8841, and the power S3 of the amplified RF signal output from the output coupler Poutl is 66.4 x S1. The power of the RF signal input to the input coupler Pin2 (i.e. the compensated RF signal) is S1 x 1.8841 + S2 x (-1.4493), and the power S4 of the amplified RF signal output from the output coupler Pout2 is 66.4 x S2.

[0115] In another possible implementation, the compensation matrix is an adaptive adjustment matrix. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 14, the compensation module 80 can include a training sub-module 81 and a compensation sub-module 82.

[0116] As shown in FIG. 14, the output device 40 is further configured to send the amplified RF signals to the compensation module 80. Specifically, each output coupler 41 in the output device 40 can send the amplified RF signals to the training submodule 81 of the compensation module 80 in real time.

[0117] As shown in FIG. 14, the compensation module 80 is configured to receive the amplified RF signals and the initial RF signals in real time. The initial RF signals can be sent by the multi-channel module 3 shown in FIG. 2. The training submodule 81 of the compensation module 80 can be configured to calculate the transmission matrix at the current time based on the amplified RF signals at the previous time and the initial RF signals at the previous time, and then calculate the inverse matrix of the transmission matrix to obtain the compensation matrix.

[0118] After the training submodule 81 obtains the compensation matrix, the training submodule 81 can send the compensation matrix to the compensation submodule 82. After receiving the compensation matrix, the compensation submodule 82 can compensate the initial RF signals based on the compensation matrix to obtain the RF signals and send the RF signals to the input device 10. In this example, the initial RF signals can be compensated based on the compensation matrix to obtain the RF signals in the manner shown in FIG. 13.

[0119] The compensation module 80 is further configured to calculate the mean square error of the output signals at all times before the current time, and determine the compensation matrix at the previous time as the compensation matrix at the current time if the mean square error is less than a preset threshold. That is, the compensation matrix remains unchanged from this time.

[0120] In addition, when the compensation module 80 is located at the input end of the input device 10, the initial RF signals input to the compensation module 80 are sent from the multi-channel module 3 shown in FIG. 2 and have not been amplified, so the insertion loss is small, thereby not causing excessive power consumption.

[0121] Case two:

[0122] As shown in FIG. 15, the compensation module 80 can be arranged at the output end of the output device 40, and the compensation module 80 is configured to receive the amplified RF signals and compensate the amplified RF signals.

[0123] Specifically, in this embodiment, any one of the above two digital compensation methods can be used for compensation. Here, the digital compensation method that can adaptively adjust the compensation matrix is used to describe the compensation process.

[0124] As shown in FIG. 16, the compensation module 80 is configured to receive the RF signals sent by the multi-channel module 3 shown in FIG. 2 in real time, and receive the amplified RF signals sent by the output device 40 in real time.

[0125] The compensation module 80 is also configured to calculate the compensation matrix T' according to the multi-path amplified radio frequency signals at the previous moment and the multi-path initial radio frequency signals at the previous moment. The compensation module 80 is also configured to compensate the multi-path amplified radio frequency signals at the current moment according to the compensation matrix T'. Specifically, the compensation matrix T' is the same as the aforementioned compensation matrix T'. Specifically, the compensation matrix T' is:

[0126] As shown in FIG. 17, the powers of the two-path radio frequency signals input to the input coupler Pin1 and the input coupler Pin2 are S1 and S2, respectively, and the powers of the amplified radio frequency signals output by the output coupler Pout1 and the output coupler Pout2 are S3 and S4, respectively. After obtaining the compensation matrix T', the S3 and S4 are combined to form a matrix, and the multiplication operation is performed on the matrix and the compensation matrix T', thereby completing the compensation. For example, as shown in FIG. 17, the power S5 of the amplified radio frequency signal output from the compensation module 80 is S3x(-1.4493)+S4x1.8841=66.4xS1, and the power S5 of the amplified radio frequency signal output from the compensation module 80 is S3x1.8841+S4x(-1.4493)=66.4xS2.

[0127] For the structure of the compensation module 80, in another possible implementation, the compensation module 80 can include an analog compensation circuit. As shown in FIG. 18, the compensation module 80 includes a directional coupler 83, an attenuator 84, an analog-to-digital converter 85, and a frequency downconverter 86. The input end of the directional coupler 83 is connected to the output end of the output device 40, the output end of the directional coupler 83 is connected to the input end of the attenuator 84, the output end of the attenuator 84 is connected to the input end of the analog-to-digital converter 85, the output end of the analog-to-digital converter 85 is connected to the input end of the frequency downconverter 86, and the output end of the frequency downconverter 86 is connected to the input end of the input device 10. The directional coupler 83 can receive the multi-path amplified radio frequency signals output by the output device 40, and split the multi-path amplified radio frequency signals into two groups of radio frequency signals, each of which includes the multi-path amplified radio frequency signals. One group of radio frequency signals is output to the traveling wave tube 1, and the other group of radio frequency signals is output to the attenuator 84. The attenuator 84 reduces the power of the received multi-path amplified radio frequency signals and sends them to the analog-to-digital converter 85. The analog-to-digital converter 85 converts the received radio frequency signals with reduced power from analog signals to digital signals and sends them to the frequency downconverter 86. The frequency downconverter 86 reduces the frequency of the digital signals and feeds them back to the input device 10. Thus, the input device 10 can receive signals corresponding to the multi-path amplified radio frequency signals output by the output device 40, thereby facilitating compensation of the received radio frequency signals.

[0128] In other embodiments of the present application, the difference between the embodiment shown in FIG. 3 is that the number and structure of the slow wave structures 30 are different. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 19, in the present embodiment, the traveling wave tube 1 includes three slow wave structures 30, for ease of description, any two slow wave structures 30 are named as a first slow wave structure 31 and a second slow wave structure 32. The slow wave transmission channels 301 are formed in the first slow wave structure 31 and the second slow wave structure 32. The slow wave transmission channel 301 of the first slow wave structure 31 and the slow wave transmission channel 301 of the second slow wave structure 32 have an overlapping region 303, and the overlapping region 303 constitutes the transmission channel 302 of the multi-channel slow wave structure 30. Since the slow wave transmission channel 301 of each slow wave structure 30 is formed by the slow wave structure 30, when the slow wave transmission channel 301 of the first slow wave structure 31 and the slow wave transmission channel 301 of the second slow wave structure 32 have an overlapping region 303, the projections of the first slow wave structure 31 and the second slow wave structure 32 on the electron emission device 20 coincide, overlap, or the projection of the first slow wave structure 31 is within the projection range of the second slow wave structure 32. Thus, compared with the side-by-side arrangement of the multi-channel slow wave structure, the structure of the first slow wave structure 31 and the second slow wave structure 32 is more compact, thereby reducing the volume of the traveling wave tube 1.

[0129] Based on this, as shown in FIG. 19, the first slow wave structure 31 and the second slow wave structure 32 are both in a spiral structure, the middle part of the spiral structure forms the transmission channel 302, and the first slow wave structure 31 and the second slow wave structure 32 are nested in sequence. Thus, the first slow wave structure 31 and the second slow wave structure 32 in the spiral structure are more compactly arranged.

[0130] Further, for ease of arrangement of the first slow wave structure 31 and the second slow wave structure 32, for example, as shown in FIG. 19, the first slow wave structure 31 and the second slow wave structure 32 are arranged in a staggered manner along the propagation direction (X direction) of the electron beam 22. When the size parameters of the first slow wave structure 31 and the second slow wave structure 32 are the same or similar, by arranging the first slow wave structure 31 and the second slow wave structure 32 in a staggered manner along the propagation direction of the electron beam 22, the first slow wave structure 31 and the second slow wave structure 32 are less likely to interfere with each other in space, thereby facilitating assembly of the first slow wave structure 31 and the second slow wave structure 32 in a nested manner.

[0131] In order to facilitate the fixation of the first slow wave structure 31 and the second slow wave structure 32 to the tube shell 70, as shown in FIG. 19, the traveling wave tube 1 can further include a clamping rod 71 fixed in the tube shell 70, and the first slow wave structure 31 and the second slow wave structure 32 can be fixed to the tube shell 70 by the clamping rod 71.

[0132] It can be understood that when the frequency of the radio frequency signal to be amplified by the first slow wave structure 31 and the frequency of the radio frequency signal to be amplified by the second slow wave structure 32 are the same, the size parameters of the first slow wave structure 31 and the second slow wave structure 32 can be set as the same size parameters; otherwise, the size parameters of the first slow wave structure 31 and the second slow wave structure 32 can be set as different size parameters. The size parameters can be, for example, the outer diameter of the spiral structure, the inner diameter, the distance between the inner wall of the spiral structure and the electron beam 22, and the like.

[0133] Moreover, in the embodiment, as shown in FIG. 19, each slow wave structure 30 adopts a whole structure, and in other embodiments, as shown in FIG. 20, each slow wave structure 30 can adopt a segmented structure. For example, each slow wave structure 30 includes a plurality of slow wave structure segments 35 arranged along the X direction, and each adjacent two slow wave structure segments 35 along the X direction has a gap 36. Moreover, in the embodiment shown in FIG. 20, the structure of each slow wave structure segment 35 is the same. In other embodiments, as shown in FIG. 21, the structures of different slow wave structure segments 35 are different. For example, in the first segment L1, the three slow wave structure segments 35 all adopt a spiral structure; in the second segment L2, the three slow wave structure segments 35 all adopt the structure shown in FIG. 5, that is, the three slow wave structure segments 35 are arranged in a triangular structure; and in the third segment L3, the three slow wave structure segments 35 all adopt a spiral structure.

[0134] It can be understood that in the embodiments shown in FIG. 10 and FIG. 17, the compensation module 80 is included in the traveling wave tube 1, and the compensation module 80 can be integrated in the traveling wave tube 1. In the embodiments shown in FIG. 3-FIG. 7, FIG. 9, and FIG. 19-FIG. 21, the compensation module 80 is not included in the traveling wave tube 1, and in order to better separate the multiple amplified radio frequency signals, in the present embodiment, the compensation module 80 is included in the transmitter, and the compensation module 80 is not integrated in the traveling wave tube 1, but is arranged outside the traveling wave tube 1.

[0135] In one case, the compensation module 80 can be a digital compensation module. For the setting position of the compensation module 80, in one possible embodiment, the compensation module 80 can be arranged at the input end of the traveling wave tube 1. In this way, the compensation module 80 can be used for compensation processing on the multiple radio frequency signals fed into the traveling wave tube 1.

[0136] In one example, as shown in FIG. 22 and FIG. 23, the compensation module 80 is arranged between the baseband processing unit 2 and the multi-channel module 3. Specifically, the input of the compensation module 80 is connected with the output of the baseband processing unit 2, and the output of the compensation module 80 is connected with the input of the multi-channel module 3. The number of the compensation module 80 can be the same as the number of the TWTs 1. For example, as shown in FIG. 22, when the transmitter includes one TWT 1, the transmitter also includes one compensation module 80; as shown in FIG. 23, when the transmitter includes multiple TWTs 1, the transmitter also includes multiple compensation modules 80.

[0137] In another example, as shown in FIG. 24, the compensation module 80 is arranged between the multi-channel module 3 and the TWT 1. Specifically, the input of the compensation module 80 is connected with the output of the multi-channel module 3, and the output of the compensation module 80 is connected with the input of the TWT 1. In this way, the compensation module 80 can compensate the multiple RF signals fed into the TWT 1.

[0138] In another possible implementation, the compensation module 80 is arranged at the output of the TWT 1. For example, as shown in FIG. 25, the compensation module 80 is arranged between the TWT 1 and the antenna 4. Specifically, the input of the compensation module 80 is connected with the output of the TWT 1, and the output of the compensation module 80 is connected with the input of the antenna 4. In this way, the compensation module 80 can compensate the multiple amplified RF signals output by the TWT 1.

[0139] In another case, the compensation module 80 can include an analog compensation circuit. As shown in FIG. 26, the compensation module 80 includes a directional coupler 83, an attenuator 84, an analog-to-digital converter 85 and a frequency down converter 86. The input of the directional coupler 83 is connected with the output of the TWT 1, the output of the directional coupler 83 is connected with the input of the attenuator 84, the output of the attenuator 84 is connected with the input of the analog-to-digital converter 85, the output of the analog-to-digital converter 85 is connected with the input of the frequency down converter 86, and the output of the frequency down converter 86 is connected with the input of the baseband processing unit 2. The directional coupler 83 can receive the multiple amplified RF signals output by the TWT 1, and split the multiple amplified RF signals into two groups of RF signals, each of which includes the multiple amplified RF signals. One group of the RF signals is output by the TWT 1, and the other group of the RF signals is output to the attenuator 84. The attenuator 84 reduces the power of the received multiple amplified RF signals and sends them to the analog-to-digital converter 85. The analog-to-digital converter 85 converts the received multiple amplified RF signals with reduced power from analog signals to digital signals and sends them to the frequency down converter 86. The frequency down converter 86 reduces the frequency of the digital signals and feeds them back to the baseband processing unit 2. Thus, the baseband processing unit 2 can receive the signals corresponding to the multiple amplified RF signals output by the output device 40, so as to facilitate the pre-compensation of the RF signals.

[0140] The embodiment of the present application further provides a signal processing method, which is applied to the traveling wave tube 1 shown in FIGS. 3-7, 9 and 20-22. As shown in FIG. 27, the signal processing method can include the following steps.

[0141] S301, the input device 10 receives the multiple radio frequency signals and feeds the multiple radio frequency signals to the multiple slow wave structures 30.

[0142] S302, the electron emission device 20 emits the electron beam 22 into at least one transmission channel 302 of the multiple slow wave structures 30.

[0143] In the embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the number of the transmission channels 302 is less than the number of the slow wave structures 30.

[0144] S303, the multiple slow wave structures 30 respectively receive the multiple radio frequency signals and respectively amplify the multiple radio frequency signals by using the electron beam 22 to obtain multiple amplified radio frequency signals.

[0145] S304, the output device 40 outputs the multiple amplified radio frequency signals.

[0146] The specific implementation process of the signal processing method can refer to the process shown in FIG. 8, which will not be described here.

[0147] In the embodiment of the present application, the multiple slow wave structures 30 are formed with at least one transmission channel 302, that is, the multiple slow wave structures 30 are formed with one or more transmission channels 302. And the number of the transmission channels 302 is less than the number of the slow wave structures 30, so that at least two slow wave structures 30 form a transmission channel 302. On the one hand, compared with the scheme that the multiple slow wave structures 30 are arranged side by side and each slow wave structure 30 forms an independent transmission channel 302, that is, the number of the transmission channels 302 formed by the multiple slow wave structures 30 is the same as the number of the slow wave structures 30, the embodiment of the present application can reduce the overall volume of the multiple slow wave structures 30, thereby reducing the volume of the traveling wave tube 1, and further reducing the cost of the traveling wave tube 1. On the other hand, when at least two slow wave structures 30 form a transmission channel 302, the radio frequency signals passing through the two slow wave structures 30 share the same electron beam 22 for transduction, thereby achieving sufficient transduction of the electron beam 22, thereby improving the transduction efficiency of the electron beam 22.

[0148] Since the traveling wave tube 1 shown in FIG. 10 further includes the compensation module 80. Therefore, in other embodiments of the present application, a signal processing method applied to the traveling wave tube 1 shown in FIG. 10 is further provided. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 28, the signal processing method includes the following steps.

[0149] S311, the compensation module 80 receives the plurality of initial radio frequency signals, and compensates the plurality of initial radio frequency signals to obtain the plurality of radio frequency signals and send to the input device 10.

[0150] Further, the step that the compensation module 80 compensates the plurality of initial radio frequency signals to obtain the plurality of radio frequency signals and send to the input device 10, comprises: the compensation module 80 calculates the compensation matrix of the current time according to the plurality of amplified radio frequency signals of the last time and the plurality of initial radio frequency signals of the last time; the compensation module 80 compensates the plurality of initial radio frequency signals of the current time according to the compensation matrix of the current time, and obtains the plurality of radio frequency signals. In specific implementation, the transmission matrix can be calculated according to the plurality of amplified radio frequency signals of the last time and the plurality of initial radio frequency signals of the last time, and then the inverse matrix of the transmission matrix is calculated to obtain the compensation matrix of the current time. Since the compensation matrix is calculated according to the plurality of amplified radio frequency signals of the last time and the plurality of initial radio frequency signals of the last time, the compensation matrix fully considers the transformation relationship between the initial radio frequency signals and the amplified radio frequency signals, so as to more accurately compensate the plurality of initial radio frequency signals, so as to better separate the plurality of amplified radio frequency signals.

[0151] S312, the input device 10 receives the plurality of radio frequency signals, and feeds the plurality of radio frequency signals to the plurality of slow wave structures 30.

[0152] S313, the electron emission device 20 emits the electron beam 22 into at least one transmission channel 302 of the plurality of slow wave structures 30.

[0153] In the embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the number of transmission channels 302 is less than the number of slow wave structures 30.

[0154] S314, the plurality of slow wave structures 30 respectively receive the plurality of radio frequency signals, and amplify the plurality of radio frequency signals by using the electron beam 22 to obtain the plurality of amplified radio frequency signals.

[0155] S315, the output device 40 outputs the plurality of amplified radio frequency signals.

[0156] Since the traveling wave tube 1 shown in FIG. 15 further comprises the compensation module 80. Therefore, in other embodiments of the present application, a signal processing method applied to the traveling wave tube 1 shown in FIG. 15 is also provided. Specifically, as shown in FIG. 29, the signal processing method comprises:

[0157] S321, the input device 10 receives the plurality of radio frequency signals, and feeds the plurality of radio frequency signals to the plurality of slow wave structures 30.

[0158] S322, the electron emission device 20 emits the electron beam 22 into at least one transmission channel 302 of the plurality of slow wave structures 30.

[0159] In the embodiment, as shown in FIG. 3, the number of transmission channels 302 is less than the number of slow wave structures 30.

[0160] S323, the multi-path slow wave structure 30 respectively receives the multi-path radio frequency signal, and uses the electron beam 22 to amplify the multi-path radio frequency signal, to obtain the multi-path amplified radio frequency signal.

[0161] S324, the output device 40 outputs the multi-path amplified radio frequency signal to the compensation module 80.

[0162] S325, the compensation module 80 receives the multi-path amplified radio frequency signal, and compensates the multi-path amplified radio frequency signal.

[0163] Further, the step of the compensation module 80 compensating the multi-path amplified radio frequency signal comprises: the compensation module 80 calculates the compensation matrix at the current time according to the multi-path amplified radio frequency signal at the last time and the multi-path initial radio frequency signal at the last time; and compensates the multi-path amplified radio frequency signal at the current time according to the compensation matrix at the current time. In specific implementation, the transmission matrix can be calculated according to the multi-path amplified radio frequency signal at the last time and the multi-path initial radio frequency signal at the last time, and then the inverse matrix of the transmission matrix is calculated to obtain the compensation matrix at the current time. Since the compensation matrix is calculated according to the multi-path amplified radio frequency signal at the last time and the multi-path initial radio frequency signal at the last time, the compensation matrix fully considers the transformation relationship between the initial radio frequency signal and the amplified radio frequency signal, so as to facilitate more accurate compensation of the multi-path amplified initial radio frequency signal, so as to better separate the multi-path amplified radio frequency signal.

[0164] The embodiments of the present application are described above in combination with the drawings, but the present application is not limited to the above specific embodiments, and the above specific embodiments are only illustrative, but not restrictive, and those skilled in the art can make many forms under the inspiration of the present application without departing from the scope of the present application and the scope protected by the claims, which are all within the protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A traveling wave tube, characterized by, The input device is used for receiving multi-channel radio frequency signals and feeding the multi-channel radio frequency signals into the multi-channel slow wave structure. The electron emission device is used for emitting an electron beam into the at least one transmission channel of the multi-channel slow wave structure. The multi-channel slow wave structure is used for respectively receiving the multi-channel radio frequency signals and respectively amplifying the multi-channel radio frequency signals by using the electron beam to obtain multi-channel amplified radio frequency signals. The output device is used for outputting the multi-channel amplified radio frequency signals. The multi-channel slow wave structure comprises two channels of the slow wave structure, and the two channels of the slow wave structure are oppositely arranged and form the transmission channel therebetween.

2. The traveling wave tube according to claim 1, wherein The multi-channel slow wave structure comprises at least three channels of the slow wave structure, and the at least three channels of the slow wave structure are arranged in a polygonal structure and form the transmission channel. At least one of the slow wave structures comprises a plurality of sub-segments periodically arranged along the transmission direction of the electron beam and sequentially connected, the sub-segment comprises a U-shaped structure segment and a transition segment connected with the next sub-segment, and the transition segment is connected to the end of the two adjacent U-shaped connection segments.

3. The traveling wave tube according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by, Each of the multi-channel slow wave structures comprises a first slow wave structure and a second slow wave structure, the first slow wave structure and the second slow wave structure each form a slow wave transmission channel, and the slow wave transmission channel of the first slow wave structure and the slow wave transmission channel of the second slow wave structure have an overlapping area, and the overlapping area constitutes the transmission channel of the multi-channel slow wave structure.

4. The traveling wave tube according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by The first slow wave structure and the second slow wave structure each have a spiral structure, the middle part of the spiral structure forms the transmission channel, and the first slow wave structure and the second slow wave structure are sequentially nested.

5. The traveling wave tube according to claim 3 or 4, characterized by The first slow wave structure and the second slow wave structure are arranged in a staggered manner along the propagation direction of the electron beam.

6. The traveling wave tube according to claim 1 or 2, characterized by The slow wave structure comprises a plurality of slow wave structure segments arranged in sequence along the transmission direction of the electron beam, and each of the adjacent two slow wave structure segments has a gap.

7. The traveling wave tube of claim 6, wherein The compensation module is arranged at the input end of the input device, and is used for receiving multi-channel initial radio frequency signals, compensating the multi-channel initial radio frequency signals to obtain the multi-channel radio frequency signals and sending the multi-channel radio frequency signals to the input device.

8. The traveling wave tube according to claim 6 or 7, characterized by The output device is further used for sending the multi-channel amplified radio frequency signals to the compensation module.

9. The traveling wave tube of any one of claims 1-8, wherein, The compensation module is specifically used for:

10. The traveling wave tube of any one of claims 1-9, wherein, calculating a compensation matrix at the current time according to the multi-channel amplified radio frequency signals at the last time and the multi-channel initial radio frequency signals at the last time; and 11. The traveling wave tube of claim 10, wherein, ​ ​ ​ Based on the compensation matrix at the current moment, the multiple initial radio frequency signals at the current moment are compensated, and the multiple radio frequency signals are obtained.

12. The traveling wave tube of any one of claims 1-9, wherein, It also includes a compensation module, which is located at the output end of the output device. The compensation module is used to receive the multi-channel amplified radio frequency signals and compensate the multi-channel amplified radio frequency signals.

13. The traveling wave tube of claim 12, wherein, The compensation module is specifically used for: Calculate the compensation matrix for the current time step based on the multi-channel amplified RF signals from the previous time step and the multi-channel initial RF signals from the previous time step. Based on the compensation matrix at the current moment, the multi-channel amplified radio frequency signal at the current moment is compensated.

14. The traveling wave tube of any one of claims 1-9, wherein, It also includes a compensation module, which comprises a directional coupler, an attenuator, an analog-to-digital converter, and a down-converter. The input terminal of the directional coupler is connected to the output terminal of the output device, the output terminal of the directional coupler is connected to the input terminal of the attenuator, the output terminal of the attenuator is connected to the input terminal of the analog-to-digital converter, the output terminal of the analog-to-digital converter is connected to the input terminal of the down-converter, and the output terminal of the down-converter is connected to the input terminal of the input device.

15. A transmitter, characterized by The device includes a baseband processing unit, a multi-channel module, an antenna, and a traveling wave tube as described in any one of claims 1-9. The output terminal of the baseband processing unit is connected to the input terminal of the multi-channel module, the output terminal of the multi-channel module is connected to the input terminal of the traveling wave tube, and the output terminal of the traveling wave tube is connected to the input terminal of the antenna.

16. The transmitter of claim 15, characterized in that It also includes a compensation module, which is used to perform compensation processing on the multiple radio frequency signals fed into the traveling wave tube or the multiple amplified radio frequency signals output by the traveling wave tube.

17. The transmitter of claim 16, characterized in that The input terminal of the compensation module is connected to the output terminal of the baseband processing unit, and the output terminal of the compensation module is connected to the input terminal of the multi-channel module. Alternatively, the input terminal of the compensation module is connected to the output terminal of the multi-channel module, and the output terminal of the compensation module is connected to the input terminal of the traveling wave tube.

18. The transmitter of claim 16, wherein, The input terminal of the compensation module is connected to the output terminal of the traveling wave tube, and the output terminal of the compensation module is connected to the input terminal of the antenna.

19. A transmitter, characterized by The device includes a baseband processing unit, a multi-channel module, an antenna, and a traveling wave tube as described in any one of claims 10-14. The output terminal of the baseband processing unit is connected to the input terminal of the multi-channel module, the output terminal of the multi-channel module is connected to the input terminal of the traveling wave tube, and the output terminal of the traveling wave tube is connected to the input terminal of the antenna.

20. An electronic device, comprising: It includes a controller and a transmitter as described in any one of claims 15-19, wherein the transmitter is electrically connected to the controller.

21. A signal processing method, characterized by, Applied to a traveling wave tube, the method includes: The input device receives multiple radio frequency signals and feeds the multiple radio frequency signals into the multiple slow wave structure; An electron-emitting device emits an electron beam into at least one transmission channel of the multi-channel slow-wave structure, wherein the number of transmission channels is less than the number of the slow-wave structure. The multi-channel slow wave structure receives the multi-channel radio frequency signals respectively, and uses the electron beam to amplify the multi-channel radio frequency signals respectively to obtain multi-channel amplified radio frequency signals; The output device outputs the plurality of amplified radio frequency signals.

22. The method of claim 21, wherein, Before the step of receiving the plurality of radio frequency signals by the input device, the method further comprises: The compensation module receives the plurality of initial radio frequency signals; The compensation module compensates the plurality of initial radio frequency signals to obtain the plurality of radio frequency signals and sends them to the input device.

23. The method of claim 22, wherein, The step of compensating the plurality of initial radio frequency signals by the compensation module to obtain the plurality of radio frequency signals and send them to the input device comprises: The compensation module calculates a compensation matrix of the current time according to the plurality of amplified radio frequency signals of the last time and the plurality of initial radio frequency signals of the last time; The compensation module compensates the plurality of initial radio frequency signals of the current time according to the compensation matrix of the current time and obtains the plurality of radio frequency signals.

24. The method of claim 21, wherein, After the step of outputting the plurality of amplified radio frequency signals by the output device, the method further comprises: The compensation module receives the plurality of amplified radio frequency signals; The compensation module compensates the plurality of amplified radio frequency signals.

25. The method of claim 24, wherein, The step of compensating the plurality of amplified radio frequency signals by the compensation module comprises: The compensation module calculates a compensation matrix of the current time according to the plurality of amplified radio frequency signals of the last time and the plurality of initial radio frequency signals of the last time; Compensate the plurality of amplified radio frequency signals of the current time according to the compensation matrix of the current time.

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