Bicistronic lamp constructs comprising immune response enhancing genes and methods of use thereof

Abstract

The present disclosure provides nucleic acid molecules (e.g., a plasmid or vector) comprising a nucleic acid sequence encoding a bicistronic or multicistronic LAMP Construct comprising specific fragments of the LAMP luminal domain and an antigenic domain heterologous to the LAMP protein to provide at least one antigen for priming an immune response, wherein the antigen expressed by the Construct is optionally processed and presented to MHC class II molecules, and also a nucleic acid sequence encoding an immune response enhancing polypeptide that is optionally secreted from a host cell. The nucleic acid molecules can be used, for example, for the treatment of disease and in particular, allergies, infectious disease, diabetes, hyperproliferative disorders and / or cancer.

Description

CROSS-REFERENCE TO RELATED APPLICATIONS

[001] This application claims priority to US Provisional Patent Application No. 63 / 329,463, filed April 10, 2022, the contents of which are incorporated in their entirety herein. SEQUENCE LISTING

[002] This application includes a sequence listing in ST26 format, which is incorporated by reference in its entirety (File name: 2023-04-10_01305-0023-00PCTST26; File size: 1,417,543 bytes.) FIELD

[003] The disclosure relates to isolated nucleic acid molecules (e.g., a plasmid or vector) encoding a bicistronic or multicistronic LAMP (Lysosomal-Associated Membrane Protein) Construct comprising a LAMP fusion protein and a second, optionally secreted protein such as from an immune response enhancing gene (IREG), and their use in treating subjects suffering from infectious disease, diabetes, allergies, hyperproliferative disorders and / or cancer, and in particular COVID-19. Additionally, the bicistronic LAMP construct described herein can be used to generate antibodies in non-human vertebrates, preferably where the genome of the nonhuman vertebrates comprises at least partially human immunoglobulin regions and / or humanized immunoglobulin regions. BACKGROUND

[004] In the following discussion, certain articles and methods will be described for background and introductory purposes. Nothing contained herein is to be construed as an “admission” of prior art. Applicant expressly reserves the right to demonstrate, where appropriate, that the articles and methods referenced herein do not constitute prior art under the applicable statutory provisions. 2023254186   10 Jun 2026

[005] Vaccines are new and promising candidates for the development of both prophylactic and therapeutic vaccines. They are proven to be safe and the lack of immune responses to a vector backbone may be a definitive advantage if repetitive cycles of vaccination are required to achieve clinical benefits. However, one perceived disadvantage of conventional vaccines is their low immunogenicity in humans. A key limiting step in the immunogenicity7 of epitope-based vaccines may be the access of epitopes to the major histocompatibility7 (MHC) class II presentation pathway to T cells, which is likely a stochastic process in the case of a vaccine without targeting technology7.

[006] LAMP-antigen constructs of various designs have previously been described, for example, in US Patent No. 11,203,629 (see Fig. 1 therein). One type of construct, described in US Patent No. 11,203,629 named ILC-4 (depicted in Fig. 1 herein), comprises at least one antigen of interest fused in between a first homology domain of a LAMP protein and a second homology domain of a LAMP protein (or at least between two Cysteine Conserved Fragments), for example the at least one antigen of interest may be placed in the LAMP hinge region. In some embodiments, this construct also comprises a transmembrane domain of a LAMP protein, and / or the cytosolic tail of a LAMP protein. The two homology7 domains may be derived from, for example, LAMP-1, LAMP-2, LAMP-3, or an Endolyn protein. Alternatively, two homology7 domains from two different LAMP proteins may be used. The inventors unexpectedly found that improved LAMP Constructs such as ILC-4 can, for example, elicit strong T-cell and antibody responses against the antigen(s) of interest, making them viable candidates for use as vaccines.

[007] Notwithstanding the above, there is a further needed to design new and further improved LAMP constructs, and the nucleic acid molecules encoding them, that can be used as vaccines to effectively treat, for example, allergies, infectious disease, diabetes, hyperproliferative disorders and / or cancer, and / or be used in the generation of useful antibodies. SUMMARY

[008] As described further herein, the inventors have now found that isolated nucleic acid molecules can be designed that not only express a LAMP construct, such as that described, for example, in Figure 1 herein, but that also express a particular type of second polypeptide, often a secreted polypeptide, encoding a gene such as CD40L, CD80, OX40, IL-12, IL-21, IL-15, or Flt3L or the like that have been found to enhance immune responses against tumors or 2023254186   10 Jun 2026 infectious diseases in vivo, and that expressing these two polypeptides from the isolated nucleic acid molecule unexpectedly enhances the immune response compared to not only earlier LAMP constructs but also compared to bicistronic LAMP constructs comprising certain secreted antigens such as a second disease antigen.

[009] This Summary is provided to introduce a selection of concepts in a simplified form that are further described below in the Detailed Description. This Summary7 is not intended to identify key or essential features of the claimed subject matter, nor is it intended to be used to limit the scope of the claimed subject matter. Other features, details, utilities, and advantages of the claimed subject matter will be apparent from the following written Detailed Description including those aspects illustrated in the accompanying drawings and defined in the appended claims.

[0010] One aspect of this disclosure provides novel nucleic acid molecules encoding constructs (“bicistronic LAMP constructs”) comprising specific fragments and / or variants of LAMP domains that effectively present an antigen(s) of interest to the immune system to generate an enhanced immune response. These bicistronic LAMP constructs effectively direct the antigens to the lysosomal / endosomal compartment where they are processed and presented to major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules so that helper T cells are preferentially stimulated and / or antibodies are generated along with the ability to enhance the immune response.

[0011] The nucleic acid molecules encoding the bicistronic LAMP constructs and methods described herein may elicit an immune response in a subject. The immune response may be an immune response to an epitope of an antigen encoded in the bicistronic LAMP construct (e.g., vaccine). Vaccines arm the immune system of the subject such that the immune system may detect and destroy that which contains the antigen(s) of a vaccine in the subject. The nucleic acid molecules encoding the bicistronic LAMP constructs and methods described herein may elicit a Thl immune response in the subject. Thl immune responses may include secretion of inflammatory cytokines (e.g., IFNy, TNFa) by a subset of immune cells (e.g., antigen specific T-cells). In some cases, the inflammatory? cytokines activate another subtype of immune cells (e.g., cytotoxic T-cells) which may destroy that which contains the antigen in the subject.

[0012] In some cases, an antigen used in the bicistronic LAMP constructs and methods described herein may be recognized by the immune system of a subject to elicit a Thl immune response and release Type I cytokines. The Thl response may be initiated by the interaction between the epitope and the T-cell, more specifically, the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) expressed by the T-cell. For example, high affinity7 binding of an epitope to an MHC 2023254186   10 Jun 2026 receptor may stimulate a Thl response. MHC receptors may be at least one of a plurality of types of MHC receptors. The MHC receptors engaged on a T-cell may vary across individuals in a population.

[0013] In some cases, the immune response is a Type 1 immune response. In some cases, the immune response is characterized by a ratio of Type I cytokine production to Type II cytokine production that is greater than 1. In some cases, the immune response is characterized by a ratio of Type I cytokine production to Type II cytokine production that is less than 1. In some cases, the immune response is characterized by a ratio of IFNy production to IL-10 production that is greater than 1. In some cases, the immune response is characterized by a ratio of IFNy production to IL-10 production that is less than 1.

[0014] The nucleic acid molecules encoding the bicistronic LAMP constructs described herein can also be used in a manner to provide an expression of immunoregulatory elements (IREs) or immune response enhancing-genes (IREGs) elicit an enhanced immune response in a subject (e.g., an immune response comprising a significantly higher antibody titer). For example, a nucleic acid molecule (e.g., a plasmid or vector) may provide for the expression of a bicistronic LAMP construct comprising a LAMP-antigen polypeptide that is processed and presented to MHC class II molecules so that helper T cells are preferentially stimulated, memory cells are initiated and / or antibodies are generated), as well as providing for the expression of a further IREG or IRE polypeptide that may be secreted into the circulation of the subject, and that may, for example, enhance further both the humoral and cellular immune response to the LAMP antigen.

[0015] In one aspect, the nucleic acid molecule encoding the bicistronic LAMP construct is a vaccine vector, suitable for vaccinating a subject. In another aspect, the disclosure provides a delivery vehicle for facilitating the introduction of the nucleic acid molecule encoding the bicistronic LAMP construct comprising polynucleotides encoding epitopes and / or antigens into a cell. The delivery vehicle may be lipid-based (e.g., a liposome formulation), viral-based (e.g., comprising viral proteins encapsulating the nucleic acid molecule), or cell-based.

[0016] In some embodiments, the disclosure provides an injectable composition comprising a nucleic acid molecule as described herein encoding a bicistronic LAMP construct for eliciting an immune response (e.g., generation of antibodies) in a subject to an antigen. In some embodiments, this vaccine generates a preferential Th1 response to a Th2 response.

[0017] The disclosure also provides a cell comprising a nucleic acid molecule as described herein encoding a bicistronic LAMP construct which can be used to generate an immune response. In one aspect, the cell is an antigen presenting cell. The antigen presenting cell may be a 2023254186   10 Jun 2026 professional antigen presenting cell (e.g., a dendritic cell, macrophage, B cell, and the like) or an engineered antigen presenting cell (e.g., a non-professional antigen presenting cell engineered to express molecules required for antigen presentation, such as MHC class II molecules). The molecules required for antigen presentation may be derived from other cells, e.g., naturally occurring, or may themselves be engineered (e.g., mutated or modified to express desired properties, such as higher or lower affinity for an antigenic epitope).

[0018] The disclosure additionally provides a kit comprising a plurality of cells comprising a nucleic acid molecule as described herein encoding a bicistronic LAMP construct. At least two of the cells may express different MHC class II molecules, and each cell may comprise the same LAMP Construct. In one aspect, a kit is provided comprising a viral vector encoding a bicistronic LAMP construct.

[0019] The disclosure also provides a transgenic animal comprising at least one of the cells and / or at least one of the nucleic acid molecules encoding a bicistronic LAMP construct as described herein. The disclosure also provides a transgenic animal comprising at least one of the cells described herein.

[0020] The disclosure further provides a method for generating an enhanced immune response in a subject (e.g., a human or a non-human vertebrate) to an antigen, comprising administering to the subject a cell as described above, wherein the cell expresses, or can be induced to express, the bicistronic LAMP construct in the subject. In one aspect, the cell comprises an MHC class II molecule compatible with MHC proteins of the subject, such that the subject does not generate an immune response against the MHC class II molecule.

[0021] In one further aspect, the disclosure provides a method for eliciting an enhanced immune response to an antigen, comprising administering to a subject, such as a human or a non-human vertebrate, a nucleic acid molecule encoding a bicistronic LAMP construct as described herein. Preferably, the nucleic acid molecule is infectious for a cell of the subject. For example, the nucleic acid molecule encoding the bicistronic LAMP construct may be a viral vector, such as a vaccinia vector.

[0022] The present disclosure also comprises methods of generating antibodies in a non-human vertebrate wherein the non-human vertebrate is injected with a nucleic acid molecule encoding a bicistronic LAMP construct as described herein. Generated antibodies can be isolated from the blood of the vertebrate (as polyclonals) and then further isolated to generate monoclonal antibodies using standard techniques.

[0023] The methods described herein can be used in the production and / or optimization of antibodies, including fully human antibodies, humanized antibodies, chimeric antibodies, for 2023254186   10 Jun 2026 diagnostic and therapeutic uses. Hybridomas producing such antibodies are also a further object of the disclosure. [0023A] Specific embodiments of the disclosure include the following: 1.     An isolated nucleic acid molecule comprising a.     a first polynucleotide sequence encoding a polypeptide comprising two homology domains of a luminal domain of a LAMP protein, and an antigenic domain heterologous to the LAMP protein (collectively a “LAMP-antigen Construct”), wherein the antigenic domain is placed between the two homology domains; and b.     a second polynucleotide sequence encoding at least one second polypeptide comprising an immune response enhancing gene polypeptide (IREG) or an extracellular domain of an IREG comprising a secretion signal sequence; and wherein the isolated nucleic acid molecule comprises self-amplifying RNA. 2.     The isolated nucleic acid molecule of embodiment 1, wherein the LAMP protein is selected from LAMP-1, LAMP2, LAMP-3, lysosomal integral membrane protein-2 (“LIMP 2”), Macrosailin, Endolyn, LAMP5 or limbic system-associated membrane protein (“LIMBIC”). 3.     The isolated nucleic acid molecule of embodiment 2, wherein the LAMP protein is selected from any one of SEQ ID NO:1-113, or comprises an amino acid sequence at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99% identical to SEQ ID NO:1-113. 4.     The isolated nucleic acid molecule of embodiment 2, wherein the LAMP protein is LAMP-1 and wherein the two homology domains of the LAMP-antigen Construct comprise LAMP-1 Homology Domain 1 and LAMP-1 Homology Domain 2. 5.     The isolated nucleic acid molecule of embodiment 4, wherein the human LAMP-1 Homology Domain 1 comprises (a) the amino acid sequence of residues 29-194 of SEQ ID NO: 1 or comprises the amino acid sequence of residues 29-195 of SEQ ID NO: 198; or (b) a variant of (a) wherein said variant comprises an amino acid sequence at least 95% or at least 97% identical to the amino acid sequence of (a); and / or wherein the human LAMP-1 Homology Domain 2 comprises the amino acid sequence of residues 228-381 of SEQ ID NO: 1. 6.     The isolated nucleic acid molecule of any one of embodiments 1-5, wherein the LAMP antigen Construct comprises a linker between at least one of the two homology domains and the antigenic domain, optionally wherein the linker comprises an amino acid sequence of GPGPG or PMGLP. 2023254186   10 Jun 2026 7.     The isolated nucleic acid molecule of any one of embodiments 1-6, wherein the LAMP antigen Construct further comprises: (a) a transmembrane domain of a LAMP Protein, optionally comprising residues 383 to 405 of SEQ ID NO: 1; and / or (b) a cytoplasmic domain of a LAMP Protein, optionally comprising residues 406-417 of SEQ ID NO: 1. 8.     The isolated nucleic acid molecule of any one of embodiments 1-7, wherein the LAMP antigen Construct further comprises a signal sequence, optionally wherein the signal sequence is derived from a LAMP Protein, and optionally wherein the signal sequence comprises residues 128 of SEQ ID NO: 1 or residues 1-28 of SEQ ID NO: 198. 9.     The isolated nucleic acid molecule of any one of embodiments 1-8, wherein the IREG comprises one or more of CD40L, CD80, OX40, Flt3L, GM-CSF, IL-12, IL-21, IL-23, IL-15, CD70, CD86, IL-7, IL-18, or IL-33, or an extracellular domain thereof, optionally wherein the CD40L, CD80, OX40, Flt3L, GM-CSF, IL-12, IL-21, IL-23, or IL-15 is fused to an Fc domain of an immunoglobulin. 10. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of any one of embodiments 1-9, wherein the secretion signal sequence is heterologous to the IREG, optionally wherein the secretion signal sequence is derived from IgKVIII, Ig-kappa, tetranectin, or IL-2, and / or wherein the second polypeptide further comprises pulmonary surfactant associated protein D (SPD). 11. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of embodiment 10, wherein the second polypeptide is expressed under the control of an EF-1alpha core promoter, optionally comprising SEQ ID NO: 124. 12. An isolated nucleic acid molecule comprising: a.     a first polynucleotide sequence encoding a polypeptide comprising two homology domains of a luminal domain of a LAMP protein, and an antigenic domain comprising HER2 extracellular domain (collectively "HER2-LAMP"), wherein the antigenic domain is placed between the two LAMP homology domains, optionally wherein the antigenic domain comprises or consists of the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 200 or wherein the HER2-LAMP comprises or consists of the amino acid sequence of residues 1-194 of SEQ ID NO: 1 or of SEQ ID NO: 198 followed by the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 200 followed by the amino acid sequence of residues 228-381 of SEQ ID NO: 1 or of SEQ ID NO: 202; and 2023254186   10 Jun 2026 b.     a second polynucleotide sequence encoding at least one second polypeptide comprising an immune response enhancing gene polypeptide (IREG) or an extracellular domain of an IREG comprising a secretion signal sequence; and wherein the isolated nucleic acid molecule comprises self-amplifying RNA. 13. A composition comprising the isolated nucleic acid molecule any one of embodiments 112. 14. A host cell comprising the isolated nucleic acid of any one of embodiments 1-12. 15.    A composition comprising the host cell of embodiment 14. 16.    A method of treating a subject having a disease or a disorder or of inducing an immune response in a subject with a disease or disorder or at risk of developing a disease or disorder, wherein the method comprises administering to the subject the isolated nucleic acid molecule of any one of embodiments 1-12, the composition of embodiment 13, or the host cell of embodiment 14, in an amount sufficient to treat the disease or disorder or to induce an immune response in the subject. 17. The method of embodiment 16, wherein the method further comprises administering at least one second therapeutic to the subject. 18. Use of an isolated nucleic acid molecule of any one of embodiments 1-12, the composition of embodiment 13, or the host cell of embodiment 14, in the manufacture of a medicament for vaccination. 19. The use of embodiment 18, wherein at least one second therapeutic is to be administered to the subject.

[0024] Other specific embodiments of the disclosure include the following: 1.     An isolated nucleic acid molecule comprising a.     a first polynucleotide sequence encoding a polypeptide comprising two homology domains of a luminal domain of a LAMP protein, and an antigenic domain heterologous to the LAMP protein (collectively a “LAMP-antigen Construct”), wherein the antigenic domain is placed between the two homology domains; and b.     a second polypeptide sequence encoding at least one second polypeptide comprising an immune response enhancing gene polypeptide (IREG) or an extracellular domain of an IREG comprising a secretion signal sequence. 2023254186   10 Jun 2026 2.     The isolated nucleic acid molecule of embodiment 1, wherein the LAMP protein is selected from LAMP-1, LAMP2, LAMP-3, lysosomal integral membrane protein-2 (“LIMP 2”), Macrosailin, Endolyn, LAMP5 or limbic system-associated membrane protein (“LIMBIC”). 3.     The isolated nucleic acid molecule of embodiment 2, wherein the LAMP protein is selected from any one of SEQ ID NO:1-113. 4.     The isolated nucleic acid molecule of embodiment 1 or 2, wherein the LAMP protein is at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99% identical to SEQ ID NO:1-113. 5.     The isolated nucleic acid molecule of embodiment 2, wherein the LAMP protein is LAMP-1 and wherein the two homology domains of the LAMP-antigen Construct comprise LAMP-1 Homology Domain 1 and LAMP-1 Homology Domain 2. 6.     The isolated nucleic acid molecule of embodiment 5, wherein the human LAMP-1 Homology Domain 1 comprises the amino acid sequence of residues 29-194 of SEQ ID NO: 1, or comprises the amino acid sequence of residues 29-195 of SEQ ID NO: 198, or comprises an amino acid sequence at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99% identical to the amino acid sequence of residues 29-194 of SEQ ID NO: 1 or to the amino acid sequence of residues 29-195 of SEQ ID NO: 198, or wherein the nucleic acid molecule comprises the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 199 or a nucleotide sequence at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99% identical to that of SEQ ID NO: 199 (wherein if the nucleotide sequence is RNA, T is replaced with U). 7.     The isolated nucleic acid molecule of embodiment 5 or 6, wherein the human LAMP-1 Homology Domain 2 comprises the amino acid sequence of residues 228-381 of SEQ ID NO: 1, or of residues 228-382 of SEQ ID NO: 1, or comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 202, or comprises an amino acid sequence at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99% identical to the amino acid sequence of residues 228-381 of SEQ ID NO: 1 or to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 202, or wherein the nucleic acid molecule comprises the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 203 or a nucleotide sequence at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99% identical to that of SEQ ID NO: 203 (wherein if the nucleotide sequence is RNA, T is replaced with U). 8. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of any one of embodiments 1-7, wherein the LAMPantigen construct comprises a linker between at least one of the two homology domains and the antigenic domain. 9. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of embodiment 8, wherein the linker comprises an amino acid sequence of GPGPG or PMGLP. 10. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of any one of embodiments 1-9, wherein the LAMPantigen construct further comprises a transmembrane domain of a LAMP Protein. 11. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of embodiment 10, wherein the transmembrane domain comprises residues 383 to 405 of SEQ ID NO: 1. 12. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of any one of embodiments 1-11, wherein the LAMPantigen construct further comprises a signal sequence. 13. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of embodiment 12, wherein the signal sequence is derived from a LAMP Protein 14. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of any one of embodiments 1-13, wherein the LAMPantigen construct further comprises cytoplasmic domain of a LAMP Protein. 15. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of embodiment 14, wherein the cytoplasmic domain comprises residues 406-417 of SEQ ID NO: 1. 16. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of any one of embodiments 1-15, wherein the IREG comprises one or more of CD40L, CD80, OX40, Flt3L, GM-CSF, IL-12, IL-21, IL-23, IL-15, CD70, CD86, IL-7, IL-18, or IL-33 (or comprises an amino acid sequence at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99% identical, or 100% identical to the amino acid sequence of any one of SEQ ID NOs: 133, 145, 147, 149, 151, 155, 159, 165, 169, 173, 177, 181, 189, 191, 204, 238, 242, 243, 252, or 253), or an extracellular domain thereof, optionally wherein the CD40L, CD80, OX40, Flt3L, GM-CSF, IL-12, IL-21, IL-23, or IL-15 is fused to an Fc domain of an immunoglobulin, or wherein the isolated nucleic acid molecule comprises a nucleotide sequence encoding CD40L, CD80, OX40, Flt3L, GM-CSF, IL-12, IL-21, IL-23, IL-15, CD70, CD86, IL-7, IL-18, or IL-33, optionally fused to an Fc domain, wherein the nucleotide sequence at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99% identical, or 100% identical to that of any one of SEQ ID NOs: 134, 146, 148, 150, 152, 160, 166, 170,174,178,182, 190,192, 205, 239, 244, or 881. 17. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of any one of embodiments 1-16, wherein the secretion signal sequence is heterologous to the IREG. 18. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of embodiment 17, wherein the secretion signal sequence is derived from IgKVIII (e.g., SEQ ID NO: 122), Ig-kappa (e.g., SEQ ID NO: 120), tetranectin, or IL-2, and / or wherein the second polypeptide further comprises pulmonary surfactant associated protein D (STD) (e.g., SEQ ID NO: 131). 19. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of embodiment 18, wherein the second polypeptide is expressed under the control of an EF-lalpha core promoter, such as that of SEQ ID NO: 124. 20. A composition comprising the isolated nucleic acid molecule any one of embodiments 118. 21. A host cell comprising the isolated nucleic acid of any one of embodiments 1-18. 22.    A composition comprising the host cell of embodiment 20. 23.    A method of treating a subject having a disease or a disorder or of inducing an immune response in a subject with a disease or disorder or at risk of developing a disease or disorder, wherein the method comprises administering to the subject the isolated nucleic acid molecule of any one of embodiments 1-18, the composition of embodiment 19, or the host cell of embodiment 20, in an amount sufficient to treat the disease or disorder or to induce an immune response in the subject. 24. The method of embodiment 23, wherein the method further comprises administering at least one second therapeutic to the subject. 25. An isolated nucleic acid molecule comprising a. a first polynucleotide sequence encoding a polypeptide comprising two homology domains of a luminal domain of a LAMP protein, and an antigenic domain comprising HER2 extracellular domain (collectively “HER2-LAMP”), wherein the antigenic domain is placed between the two LAMP homology domains; and b. a second polypeptide sequence encoding at least one second polypeptide comprising an immune response enhancing gene polypeptide (IREG) or an extracellular domain of an IREG comprising a secretion signal sequence. 26. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of embodiment 25, wherein the LAMP protein is selected from LAMP-1, LAMP2, LAMP-3, lysosomal integral membrane protein-2 (“LIMP 2”), Macrosailin, Endolyn, LAMP5 or limbic system-associated membrane protein (“LIMBIC”). 27. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of embodiment 26, wherein the LAMP protein is selected from any one of SEQ ID NO:1-113. 28. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of embodiment 25 or 26, wherein the LAMP protein is at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99% identical to SEQ ID NO:1-113. 29. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of embodiment 26, wherein the LAMP protein is LAMP-1 and wherein the two homology domains of the HER2-LAMP comprise LAMP-1 Homology Domain 1 and LAMP-1 Homology Domain 2. 30. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of embodiment 29, wherein the human LAMP-1 Homology Domain 1 comprises the amino acid sequence of residues 29-194 of SEQ ID NO: 1, or comprises the amino acid sequence of residues 29-195 of SEQ ID NO: 198, or comprises an amino acid sequence at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99% identical to the amino acid sequence of residues 29-194 of SEQ ID NO: 1 or to the amino acid sequence of residues 29-195 of SEQ ID NO: 198, or wherein the nucleic acid molecule comprises the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 199 or a nucleotide sequence at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99% identical to that of SEQ ID NO: 199 (wherein if the nucleotide sequence is RNA, T is replaced with U). 31. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of embodiment 29 or 30, wherein the human LAMP-1 Homology Domain 2 comprises the amino acid sequence of residues 228-381 or 228-382 of SEQ ID NO: 1, or of residues 228-382 of SEQ ID NO: 1, or comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 202, or comprises an amino acid sequence at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99% identical to the amino acid sequence of residues 228-381 of SEQ ID NO: 1 or to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 202, or wherein the nucleic acid molecule comprises the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 203 or a nucleotide sequence at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99% identical to that of SEQ ID NO: 203 (wherein if the nucleotide sequence is RNA, T is replaced with U). 32. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of any one of embodiments 25-31, wherein the HER2-LAMP comprises a linker between at least one of the two homology domains and the antigenic domain. 33. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of embodiment 32, wherein the linker comprises an amino acid sequence of GPGPG or PMGLP. 34. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of any one of embodiments 25-33, wherein the HER2-LAMP further comprises a transmembrane domain of a LAMP Protein. 35. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of embodiment 34, wherein the transmembrane domain comprises residues 383 to 405 of SEQ ID NO: 1. 36. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of any one of embodiments 25-35, wherein the HER2-LAMP further comprises a signal sequence. 37. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of embodiment 36, wherein the signal sequence is derived from a LAMP Protein. 38. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of any one of embodiments 25-37, wherein the HER2-LAMP further comprises cytoplasmic domain of a LAMP Protein. 39. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of embodiment 38, wherein the cytoplasmic domain comprises residues 406-417 of SEQ ID NO: 1. 40. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of any one of embodiments 25-39, wherein the antigenic domain comprises or consists of the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 200. 41. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of any one of embodiments 25-40, wherein the HER2-LAMP comprises or consists of the amino acid sequence of residues 1-194 of SEQ ID NO: 1 or of SEQ ID NO: 198 followed by the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 200 followed by the amino acid sequence of residues 228-381 of SEQ ID NO: 1 or of SEQ ID NO: 202. 42. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of any one of embodiments 25-41, wherein the IREG comprises one or more of CD40L, CD80, OX40, Flt3L, GM-CSF, IL-12, IL-21, IL-23, IL-15, CD70, CD86, IL-7, IL-18, or IL-33 (or comprises an amino acid sequence at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99% identical, or 100% identical to the amino acid sequence of any one of SEQ ID NOs: 133, 145, 147, 149, 151, 155, 159, 165, 169, 173, 177, 181, 189, 191, 193, 204, 238, 242, 243, 252, or 253), or an extracellular domain thereof, optionally wherein the CD40L, CD80, OX40, Flt3L, GM-CSF, IL-12, IL-21, IL-23, or IL-15 is fused to an Fc domain of an immunoglobulin, or wherein the isolated nucleic acid molecule comprises a nucleotide sequence encoding CD40L, CD80, OX40, Flt3L, GM-CSF, IL-12, IL-21, IL-23, IL-15, CD70, CD86, IL-7, IL-18, or IL-33, optionally fused to an Fc domain, wherein the nucleotide sequence at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99% identical, or 100% identical to that of any one of SEQ ID NOs: 134, 146, 148, 150, 152, 160, 166, 170, 174, 178, 182, 190, 192, 194, 205, 239, 244, or 881. 43. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of any one of embodiments 25-42, wherein the secretion signal sequence is heterologous to the IREG. 44. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of embodiment 43, wherein the secretion signal sequence is derived from IgKVIII (e.g., SEQ ID NO: 122), Ig-kappa (e.g., SEQ ID NO: 120), tetranectin, or IL-2. 45. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of any one of embodiments 25-44, wherein the second polypeptide comprises a fusion of STD and soluble CD40L (sCD40L), a fusion of STD and Flt3L, IL-12, IL-21, OX40L fused to an Fc domain, CD80 fused to an Fc domain, or IL-15 (such as comprising an amino acid sequence at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99% identical to, or 100% identical to SEQ ID NO: 233, 238, 242, or 252, or comprising an amino acid sequence at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99% identical to, or 100% identical to: the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 131 followed by the amino acid sequence of one of SEQ ID NOs: 204, 151, 145, 147, 149, 193, 181, 155, 159, 169, 252, or 253), or wherein the nucleic acid comprises a nucleotide sequence encoding a fusion of STD and soluble CD40L (sCD40L), a fusion of STD and Flt3L, IL-12, IL-21, OX40L fused to an Fc domain, CD80 fused to an Fc domain, or IL-15 (such as comprising a nucleotide sequence at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99% identical to, or 100% identical to the sequence of: SEQ ID NO: 132 followed by one of SEQ ID NOs: 205, 152, 146, 148, 150, 194, 182, 156, 170 or 881). 46. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of embodiment 45, wherein the second polypeptide is expressed under the control of an EF-lalpha core promoter, such as that of SEQ ID NO: 124. 47. A composition comprising the isolated nucleic acid molecule of any one of embodiments 25-46. 48. A host cell comprising the isolated nucleic acid of any one of embodiments 25-46. 49. A composition comprising the host cell of embodiment 48. 50. A method of treating a subject having cancer, wherein the method comprises administering to the subject the isolated nucleic acid molecule of any one of embodiments 25-46, the composition of embodiment 47, or the host cell of embodiment 48, in an amount sufficient to treat the cancer or to induce an immune response in the subject against the cancer. 51. The method of embodiment 50, wherein the method further comprises administering at least one second therapeutic to the subject. 52. An isolated nucleic acid molecule comprising a. a first polynucleotide sequence encoding a polypeptide comprising two homology domains of a luminal domain of a LAMP protein, and an antigenic domain comprising a coronavirus Spike protein antigen (collectively “Spike-LAMP”), wherein the antigenic domain is placed between the two LAMP homology domains; and b. a second polypeptide sequence encoding at least one second polypeptide comprising an immune response enhancing gene polypeptide (IREG) or an extracellular domain of an IREG comprising a secretion signal sequence. 53. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of embodiment 52, wherein the LAMP protein is selected from LAMP-1, LAMP2, LAMP-3, lysosomal integral membrane protein-2 (“LIMP 2”), Macrosailin, Endolyn, LAMP5 or limbic system-associated membrane protein (“LIMBIC”). 54. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of embodiment 53, wherein the LAMP protein is selected from any one of SEQ ID NO4-113. 55. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of embodiment 52 or 53, wherein the LAMP protein is at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99% identical to SEQ ID NO4-113. 56. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of embodiment 53, wherein the LAMP protein is LAMP-1 and wherein the two homology domains of the Spike-LAMP comprise LAMP-1 Homology Domain 1 and LAMP-1 Homology Domain 2. 57. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of embodiment 56, wherein the human LAMP-1 Homology Domain 1 comprises the amino acid sequence of residues 29-194 of SEQ ID NO: 1, or comprises the amino acid sequence of residues 29-195 of SEQ ID NO: 198, or comprises an amino acid sequence at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99% identical to the amino acid sequence of residues 29-194 of SEQ ID NO: 1 or to the amino acid sequence of residues 29-195 of SEQ ID NO: 198, or wherein the nucleic acid molecule comprises the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 199 or a nucleotide sequence at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99% identical to that of SEQ ID NO: 199 (wherein if the nucleotide sequence is RNA, T is replaced with U). 58. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of embodiment 56 or 57, wherein the human LAMP-1 Homology Domain 2 comprises the amino acid sequence of residues 228-381 or 228-382 of SEQ ID NO: 1, or of residues 228-382 of SEQ ID NO: 1, or comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 202, or comprises an amino acid sequence at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99% identical to the amino acid sequence of residues 228-381 of SEQ ID NO: 1 or to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 202, or wherein the nucleic acid molecule comprises the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 203 or a nucleotide sequence at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99% identical to that of SEQ ID NO: 203 (wherein if the nucleotide sequence is RNA, T is replaced with U). 59. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of any one of embodiments 52-58, wherein the Spike -LAMP comprises a linker between at least one of the two homology domains and the antigenic domain. 60. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of embodiment 59, wherein the linker comprises an amino acid sequence of GPGPG or PMGLP. 61. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of any one of embodiments 52-60, wherein the Spike -LAMP further comprises a transmembrane domain of a LAMP Protein. 62. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of embodiment 61, wherein the transmembrane domain comprises residues 383 to 405 of SEQ ID NO: 1. 63. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of any one of embodiments 52-62, wherein the Spike -LAMP further comprises a signal sequence. 64. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of embodiment 63, wherein the signal sequence is derived from a LAMP Protein 65. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of any one of embodiments 52-64, wherein the Spike -LAMP further comprises cytoplasmic domain of a LAMP Protein. 66. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of embodiment 65, wherein the cytoplasmic domain comprises residues 406-417 of SEQ ID NO: 1. 67. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of any one of embodiments 52-66, wherein the antigenic domain comprises Spike SI and / or S2, or an amino acid sequence comprising the sequence of SEQ ID NO: 118 or 119. 68. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of any one of embodiments 52-67, wherein the Spike -LAMP comprises or consists of the amino acid sequence of residues 1-194 of SEQ ID NO: 1 or of SEQ ID NO: 198 followed by the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 231 followed by the amino acid sequence of residues 228-381 of SEQ ID NO: 1 or of SEQ ID NO: 202. 69. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of any one of embodiments 52-68, wherein the IREG comprises one or more of CD40L, CD80, OX40, Flt3L, GM-CSF, IL-12, IL-21, IL-23, IL-15, CD70, CD86, IL-7, IL-18, or IL-33 (or comprises an amino acid sequence at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99% identical, or 100% identical to the amino acid sequence of any one of SEQ ID NOs: 133, 145, 147, 149, 151, 155, 159, 165, 169, 173, 177, 181, 189, 191, 204, 238, 242, 243, 252, or 253), or an extracellular domain thereof, optionally wherein the CD40L, CD80, 0X40, Flt3L, GM-CSF, IL-12, IL-21, IL-23, or IL-15 is fused to an Fc domain of an immunoglobulin, or wherein the isolated nucleic acid molecule comprises a nucleotide sequence encoding CD40L, CD80, OX40, Flt3L, GM-CSF, IL-12, IL-21, IL-23, IL-15, CD70, CD86, IL-7, IL-18, or IL-33, optionally fused to an Fc domain, wherein the nucleotide sequence at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99% identical, or 100% identical to that of any one of SEQ ID NOs: 134, 146, 148, 150, 152, 160, 166, 170, 174, 178, 182, 190, 192, 205, 239, 244, or 881. 70. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of any one of embodiments 52-68, wherein the second polypeptide comprises an SPD-sCD40L fusion polypeptide. 71. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of any one of embodiments 52-70, wherein the secretion signal sequence is heterologous to the IREG. 72. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of embodiment 71, wherein the secretion signal sequence is derived from SPD. 73. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of any one of embodiments 52-72, wherein the second polypeptide is expressed under the control of an EF-lalpha core promoter, such as that of SEQ ID NO: 124. 74. A composition comprising the isolated nucleic acid molecule of any one of embodiments 52-73. 75. A host cell comprising the isolated nucleic acid of any one of embodiments 52-73. 76. A composition comprising the host cell of embodiment 75. 77. A method of treating a subject having or at risk of developing a coronavirus infection such as from COVID-19, wherein the method comprises administering to the subject the isolated nucleic acid molecule of any one of embodiments 52-73, the composition of embodiment 74, or the host cell of embodiment 75, in an amount sufficient to treat or prevent onset of or reduce the severity of symptoms of the coronavirus infection such as COVID-19. 78. A method of inducing an immune response against a coronavirus such as SARS Co-V2 in a subject, wherein the method comprises administering to the subject the isolated nucleic acid molecule of any one of embodiments 52-73, the composition of embodiment 74, or the host cell of embodiment 75, in an amount sufficient to induce an immune response against the coronavirus such as SARS Co-V2 in the subject. 79. An isolated nucleic acid molecule comprising a. a first polynucleotide sequence encoding a polypeptide comprising two homology domains of a luminal domain of a LAMP protein, and an antigenic domain comprising a NY-ESO1 or CD161 protein antigen (a “NY-ESO1-LAMP” or “CD 161-LAMP” LAMP-antigen Construct), wherein the antigenic domain is placed between the two LAMP homology domains; and b. a second polypeptide sequence encoding at least one second polypeptide comprising an immune response enhancing gene polypeptide (IREG) or an extracellular domain of an IREG comprising a secretion signal sequence. 80. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of embodiment 79, wherein the LAMP protein is selected from LAMP-1, LAMP2, LAMP-3, lysosomal integral membrane protein-2 (“LIMP 2”), Macrosailin, Endolyn, LAMP5 or limbic system-associated membrane protein (“LIMBIC”). 81. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of embodiment 80, wherein the LAMP protein is selected from any one of SEQ ID NO:1-113. 82. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of embodiment 79 or 80, wherein the LAMP protein is at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99% identical to SEQ ID NO:1-113. 83. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of embodiment 79, wherein the LAMP protein is LAMP-1 and wherein the two homology domains of the NY-ESO1-LAMP or CD161-LAMP comprise LAMP-1 Homology Domain 1 and LAMP-1 Homology Domain 2. 84. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of embodiment 83, wherein the human LAMP-1 Homology Domain 1 comprises the amino acid sequence of residues 29-194 of SEQ ID NO: 1, or comprises the amino acid sequence of residues 29-195 of SEQ ID NO: 198, or comprises an amino acid sequence at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99% identical to the amino acid sequence of residues 29-194 of SEQ ID NO: 1 or to the amino acid sequence of residues 29-195 of SEQ ID NO: 198, or wherein the nucleic acid molecule comprises the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 199 or a nucleotide sequence at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99% identical to that of SEQ ID NO: 199 (wherein if the nucleotide sequence is RNA, T is replaced with U). 85. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of embodiment 83 or 84, wherein the human LAMP-1 Homology Domain 2 comprises the amino acid sequence of residues 228-381 or 228-382 of SEQ ID NO: 1, or of residues 228-382 of SEQ ID NO: 1, or comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 202, or comprises an amino acid sequence at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99% identical to the amino acid sequence of residues 228-381 of SEQ ID NO: 1 or to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 202, or wherein the nucleic acid molecule comprises the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 203 or a nucleotide sequence at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99% identical to that of SEQ ID NO: 203 (wherein if the nucleotide sequence is RNA, T is replaced with U). 86. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of any one of embodiments 79-85, wherein the LAMP-antigen Construct comprises a linker between at least one of the two homology domains and the antigenic domain. 87. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of embodiment 86, wherein the linker comprises an amino acid sequence of GPGPG or PMGLP. 88. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of any one of embodiments 79-87, wherein the LAMP-antigen Construct further comprises a transmembrane domain of a LAMP Protein. 89. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of embodiment 88, wherein the transmembrane domain comprises residues 383 to 405 of SEQ ID NO: 1. 90. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of any one of embodiments 79-89, wherein the LAMP-antigen Construct further comprises a signal sequence. 91. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of embodiment 90, wherein the signal sequence is derived from a LAMP Protein 92. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of any one of embodiments 79-91, wherein the LAMP-antigen Construct further comprises cytoplasmic domain of a LAMP Protein. 93. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of embodiment 92, wherein the cytoplasmic domain comprises residues 406-417 of SEQ ID NO: 1. 94. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of any one of embodiments 79-93, wherein the LAMP-antigen Construct comprises or consists of the amino acid sequence of residues 1-194 of SEQ ID NO: 1 or of SEQ ID NO: 198 followed by the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 223 followed by the amino acid sequence of residues 228-381 of SEQ ID NO: 1 or of SEQ ID NO: 202 or residues 1-194 of SEQ ID NO: 1 or of SEQ ID NO: 198 followed by the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 236 followed by the amino acid sequence of residues 228-381 of SEQ ID NO: 1 or of SEQ ID NO: 202. 95. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of any one of embodiments 79-94, wherein the IREG comprises one or more of CD40L, CD80, OX40, Flt3L, GM-CSF, IL-12, IL-21, IL-23, IL-15, CD70, CD86, IL-7, IL-18, or IL-33 (or comprises an amino acid sequence at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99% identical, or 100% identical to the amino acid sequence of any one of SEQ ID NOs: 133, 145, 147, 149, 151, 155, 159, 165, 169, 173, 177, 181, 189, 191, 204, 238, 242, 243, 252, or 253), or an extracellular domain thereof, optionally wherein the CD40L, CD80, 0X40, Flt3L, GM-CSF, IL-12, IL-21, IL-23, or IL-15 is fused to an Fc domain of an immunoglobulin, or wherein the isolated nucleic acid molecule comprises a nucleotide sequence encoding CD40L, CD80, OX40, Flt3L, GM-CSF, IL-12, IL-21, IL-23, IL-15, CD70, CD86, IL-7, IL-18, or IL-33, optionally fused to an Fc domain, wherein the nucleotide sequence at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99% identical, or 100% identical to that of any one of SEQ ID NOs: 134, 146, 148, 150, 152, 160, 166, 170, 174, 178, 182, 190, 192, 205, 239, 244, or 881. 96. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of any one of embodiments 79-95, wherein the second polypeptide comprises an SPD-sCD40L fusion polypeptide or an IL-15 polypeptide (e.g., SEQ ID NO: 233 or 169 or 225). 97. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of any one of embodiments 79-96, wherein the secretion signal sequence is heterologous to the IREG. 98. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of embodiment 97, wherein the secretion signal sequence is derived from SPD or comprises SEQ ID NO: 120 or 122. 99. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of any one of embodiments 79-98, wherein the second polypeptide is expressed under the control of an EF-lalpha core promoter, such as that of SEQ ID NO: 124. 100. A composition comprising the isolated nucleic acid molecule of any one of embodiments 79-99. 101. A host cell comprising the isolated nucleic acid of any one of embodiments 79-99. 102. A composition comprising the host cell of embodiment 101. 103. A method of inducing an immune response in a subject in need thereof, comprising administering to the subject an amount of the isolated nucleic acid molecule of any one of embodiments 79-99, the composition of embodiment 100, or the host cell of embodiment 101 in an amount sufficient to induce an immune response in the subject. 104. An isolated nucleic acid molecule comprising a. a first polynucleotide sequence encoding a polypeptide comprising two homology domains of a luminal domain of a LAMP protein, and an antigenic domain comprising a pp65 antigen such as comprising SEQ ID NO: 291, 292, or 293 and optionally further comprising one or both of a gB antigen such as comprising SEQ ID NO: 294, 295, 296, or 297 and a 1E1 antigen such as comprising SEQ ID NO: 298, 299, or 300, optionally comprising linker peptides between the pp65 and the gB and / or 1E1 antigen sequences (collectively “pp65-LAMP”), wherein the antigenic domain is placed between the two LAMP homology domains; and b. a second polypeptide sequence encoding at least one second polypeptide comprising an immune response enhancing gene polypeptide (IREG) or an extracellular domain of an IREG comprising a secretion signal sequence. 105. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of embodiment 104, wherein the LAMP protein is selected from LAMP-1, LAMP2, LAMP-3, lysosomal integral membrane protein-2 (“LIMP 2”), Macrosailin, Endolyn, LAMP5 or limbic system-associated membrane protein (“LIMBIC”). 106. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of embodiment 105, wherein the LAMP protein is selected from any one of SEQ ID NO:1-113. 107. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of embodiment 104 or 105, wherein the LAMP protein is at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99% identical to SEQ ID NO:1-113. 108. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of embodiment 105, wherein the LAMP protein is LAMP-1 and wherein the two homology domains of the HER2-LAMP comprise LAMP-1 Homology Domain 1 and LAMP-1 Homology Domain 2. 109. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of embodiment 108, wherein the human LAMP-1 Homology Domain 1 comprises the amino acid sequence of residues 29-194 of SEQ ID NO: 1, or comprises the amino acid sequence of residues 29-195 of SEQ ID NO: 198, or comprises an amino acid sequence at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99% identical to the amino acid sequence of residues 29-194 of SEQ ID NO: 1 or to the amino acid sequence of residues 29-195 of SEQ ID NO: 198, or wherein the nucleic acid molecule comprises the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 199 or a nucleotide sequence at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99% identical to that of SEQ ID NO: 199 (wherein if the nucleotide sequence is RNA, T is replaced with U). 110. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of embodiment 108 or 109, wherein the human LAMP-1 Homology Domain 2 comprises the amino acid sequence of residues 228-381 or 228382 of SEQ ID NO: 1, or of residues 228-382 of SEQ ID NO: 1, or comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 202, or comprises an amino acid sequence at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99% identical to the amino acid sequence of residues 228-381 of SEQ ID NO: 1 or to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 202, or wherein the nucleic acid molecule comprises the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 203 or a nucleotide sequence at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99% identical to that of SEQ ID NO: 203 (wherein if the nucleotide sequence is RNA, T is replaced with U). 111. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of any one of embodiments 104-110, wherein the pp65-LAMP comprises a linker between at least one of the two homology domains and the antigenic domain. 112. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of embodiment 111, wherein the linker comprises an amino acid sequence of GPGPG or PMGLP. 113. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of any one of embodiments 104-112, wherein the pp65-LAMP further comprises a transmembrane domain of a LAMP Protein. 114. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of embodiment 113, wherein the transmembrane domain comprises residues 383 to 405 of SEQ ID NO: 1. 115. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of any one of embodiments 104-114, wherein the pp65-LAMP further comprises a signal sequence. 116. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of embodiment 115, wherein the signal sequence is derived from a LAMP Protein 117. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of any one of embodiments 104-116, wherein the pp65-LAMP further comprises cytoplasmic domain of a LAMP Protein. 118. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of embodiment 117, wherein the cytoplasmic domain comprises residues 406-417 of SEQ ID NO: 1. 119. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of any one of embodiments 104-118, wherein the IREG comprises one or more of CD40L, CD80, OX40, Flt3L, GM-CSF, IL-12, IL-21, IL-23, IL-15, CD70, CD86, IL-7, IL-18, or IL-33 (or comprises an amino acid sequence at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99% identical, or 100% identical to the amino acid sequence of any one of SEQ ID NOs: 133, 145, 147, 149, 151, 155, 159, 165, 169, 173, 177, 181, 189, 191, 204, 238, 242, 243, 252, or 253), or an extracellular domain thereof, optionally wherein the CD40L, CD80, OX40, Flt3L, GM-CSF, IL-12, IL-21, IL-23, or IL-15 is fused to an Fc domain of an immunoglobulin, or wherein the isolated nucleic acid molecule comprises a nucleotide sequence encoding CD40L, CD80, OX40, Flt3L, GM-CSF, IL-12, IL-21, IL-23, IL-15, CD70, CD86, IL-7, IL-18, or IL-33, optionally fused to an Fc domain, wherein the nucleotide sequence at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99% identical, or 100% identical to that of any one of SEQ ID NOs: 134, 146, 148, 150, 152, 160, 166, 170, 174, 178, 182, 190, 192, 205, 239, 244, or 881. 120. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of any one of embodiments 104-119, wherein the secretion signal sequence is heterologous to the IREG. 121. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of embodiment 120, wherein the secretion signal sequence is derived from IgKVIII (e.g., SEQ ID NO: 122), Ig-kappa (e.g., SEQ ID NO: 120), tetranectin, or IL-2. 122. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of any one of embodiments 104-121, wherein the second polypeptide comprises a fusion of STD and soluble CD40L (sCD40L), a fusion of STD and Flt3L, IL-12, IL-21, OX40L fused to an Fc domain, CD80 fused to an Fc domain, or IL-15 (such as comprising an amino acid sequence at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99% identical to, or 100% identical to SEQ ID NO: 233, 238, 242, or 252, or comprising an amino acid sequence at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99% identical to, or 100% identical to: the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 131 followed by the amino acid sequence of one of SEQ ID NOs: 204, 151, 145, 147, 149, 193, 181, 155, 159, 169, 252, or 253), or wherein the nucleic acid comprises a nucleotide sequence encoding a fusion of STD and soluble CD40L (sCD40L), a fusion of STD and Flt3L, IL-12, IL-21, OX40L fused to an Fc domain, CD80 fused to an Fc domain, or IL-15 (such as comprising a nucleotide sequence at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99% identical to, or 100% identical to the sequence of: SEQ ID NO: 132 followed by one of SEQ ID NOs: 205, 152, 146, 148, 150, 194, 182, 156, 170 or 881) . 123. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of embodiment 122, wherein the second polypeptide is expressed under the control of an EF-lalpha core promoter, such as that of SEQ ID NO: 124. 124. A composition comprising the isolated nucleic acid molecule of any one of embodiments 104-123. 125. A host cell comprising the isolated nucleic acid of any one of embodiments 104-123. 126. A composition comprising the host cell of embodiment 125. 127. A method of treating a subject having cancer, wherein the method comprises administering to the subject the isolated nucleic acid molecule of any one of embodiments 104123, the composition of embodiment 124, or the host cell of embodiment 125, in an amount sufficient to treat the cancer or to induce an immune response in the subject against the cancer. 128. The method of embodiment 127, wherein the method further comprises administering at least one second therapeutic to the subject. 129. The method of embodiment 127 or 128, wherein the cancer is selected from glioblastoma, breast cancer, prostate cancer, colorectal cancer, and head and neck cancer. 130. An isolated nucleic acid molecule comprising a. a first polynucleotide sequence encoding a polypeptide comprising two homology domains of a luminal domain of a LAMP protein, and an antigenic domain comprising a Large T antigen such as comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 254, 255, or 256 ( “LargeT-LAMP”), wherein the antigenic domain is placed between the two LAMP homology domains; and b. a second polypeptide sequence encoding at least one second polypeptide comprising an immune response enhancing gene polypeptide (IREG) or an extracellular domain of an IREG comprising a secretion signal sequence. 131. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of embodiment 130, wherein the LAMP protein is selected from LAMP-1, LAMP2, LAMP-3, lysosomal integral membrane protein-2 (“LIMP 2”), Macrosailin, Endolyn, LAMP5 or limbic system-associated membrane protein (“LIMBIC”). 132. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of embodiment 131, wherein the LAMP protein is selected from any one of SEQ ID NO:1-113. 133. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of embodiment 130 or 131, wherein the LAMP protein is at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99% identical to SEQ ID NO:1-113. 134. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of embodiment 131, wherein the LAMP protein is LAMP-1 and wherein the two homology domains of the HER2-LAMP comprise LAMP-1 Homology Domain 1 and LAMP-1 Homology Domain 2. 135. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of embodiment 134, wherein the human LAMP-1 Homology Domain 1 comprises the amino acid sequence of residues 29-194 of SEQ ID NO: 1, or comprises the amino acid sequence of residues 29-195 of SEQ ID NO: 198, or comprises an amino acid sequence at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99% identical to the amino acid sequence of residues 29-194 of SEQ ID NO: 1 or to the amino acid sequence of residues 29-195 of SEQ ID NO: 198, or wherein the nucleic acid molecule comprises the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 199 or a nucleotide sequence at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99% identical to that of SEQ ID NO: 199 (wherein if the nucleotide sequence is RNA, T is replaced with U). 136. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of embodiment 134 or 135, wherein the human LAMP-1 Homology Domain 2 comprises the amino acid sequence of residues 228-381 or 228382 of SEQ ID NO: 1, or of residues 228-382 of SEQ ID NO: 1, or comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 202, or comprises an amino acid sequence at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99% identical to the amino acid sequence of residues 228-381 of SEQ ID NO: 1 or to the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 202, or wherein the nucleic acid molecule comprises the nucleotide sequence of SEQ ID NO: 203 or a nucleotide sequence at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99% identical to that of SEQ ID NO: 203 (wherein if the nucleotide sequence is RNA, T is replaced with U). 137. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of any one of embodiments 130-136, wherein the LargeT-LAMP comprises a linker between at least one of the two homology domains and the antigenic domain. 138. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of embodiment 137, wherein the linker comprises an amino acid sequence of GPGPG or PMGLP. 139. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of any one of embodiments 130-138, wherein the LargeT-LAMP further comprises a transmembrane domain of a LAMP Protein. 140. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of embodiment 140, wherein the transmembrane domain comprises residues 383 to 405 of SEQ ID NO: 1. 141. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of any one of embodiments 130-140, wherein the pp65-LAMP further comprises a signal sequence. 142. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of embodiment 141, wherein the signal sequence is derived from a LAMP Protein 143. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of any one of embodiments 130-142, wherein the LargeT-LAMP further comprises cytoplasmic domain of a LAMP Protein. 144. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of embodiment 143, wherein the cytoplasmic domain comprises residues 406-417 of SEQ ID NO: 1. 145. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of any one of embodiments 130-144, wherein the IREG comprises one or more of CD40L, CD80, OX40, Flt3L, GM-CSF, IL-12, IL-21, IL-23, IL-15, CD70, CD86, IL-7, IL-18, or IL-33 (or comprises an amino acid sequence at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99% identical, or 100% identical to the amino acid sequence of any one of SEQ ID NOs: 133, 145, 147, 149, 151, 155, 159, 165, 169, 173, 177, 181, 189, 191, 204, 238, 242, 243, 252, or 253), or an extracellular domain thereof, optionally wherein the CD40L, CD80, OX40, Flt3L, GM-CSF, IL-12, IL-21, IL-23, or IL-15 is fused to an Fc domain of an immunoglobulin, or wherein the isolated nucleic acid molecule comprises a nucleotide sequence encoding CD40L, CD80, OX40, Flt3L, GM-CSF, IL-12, IL-21, IL-23, IL-15, CD70, CD86, IL-7, IL-18, or IL-33, optionally fused to an Fc domain, wherein the nucleotide sequence at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99% identical, or 100% identical to that of any one of SEQ ID NOs: 134, 146, 148, 150, 152, 160, 166, 170, 174, 178, 182, 190, 192, 205, 239, 244, or 881. 146. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of any one of embodiments 130-145, wherein the secretion signal sequence is heterologous to the IREG. 147. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of embodiment 146, wherein the secretion signal sequence is derived from IgKVIII (e.g., SEQ ID NO: 122), Ig-kappa (e.g., SEQ ID NO: 120), tetranectin, or IL-2. 148. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of any one of embodiments 130-147, wherein the second polypeptide comprises a fusion of STD and soluble CD40L (sCD40L), a fusion of STD and Flt3L, IL-12, IL-21, OX40L fused to an Fc domain, CD80 fused to an Fc domain, or IL-15 (such as comprising an amino acid sequence at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99% identical to, or 100% identical to SEQ ID NO: 233, 238, 242, or 252, or comprising an amino acid sequence at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99% identical to, or 100% identical to: the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 131 followed by the amino acid sequence of one of SEQ ID NOs: 204, 151, 145, 147, 149, 193, 181, 155, 159, 169, 252, or 253), or wherein the nucleic acid comprises a nucleotide sequence encoding a fusion of SPD and soluble CD40L (sCD40L), a fusion of SPD and Flt3L, IL-12, IL-21, OX40L fused to an Fc domain, CD80 fused to an Fc domain, or IL-15 (such as comprising a nucleotide sequence at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99% identical to, or 100% identical to the sequence of: SEQ ID NO: 132 followed by one of SEQ ID NOs: 205, 152, 146, 148, 150, 194, 182, 156, 170 or 881). 149. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of embodiment 148, wherein the second polypeptide is expressed under the control of an EF-lalpha core promoter, such as that of SEQ ID NO: 124. 150. A composition comprising the isolated nucleic acid molecule of any one of embodiments 130-149. 151. A host cell comprising the isolated nucleic acid of any one of embodiments 130-149. 152. A composition comprising the host cell of embodiment 151. 153. A method of treating a subject having cancer, wherein the method comprises administering to the subject the isolated nucleic acid molecule of any one of embodiments 130149, the composition of embodiment 150, or the host cell of embodiment 151, in an amount sufficient to treat the cancer or to induce an immune response in the subject against the cancer. 154. The method of embodiment 153, wherein the method further comprises administering at least one second therapeutic to the subject. 155. The method of embodiment 153 or 154, wherein the cancer is skin cancer, such as Merkel cell carcinoma. 156. The isolated nucleic acid of any one of embodiments 1-19, 25-46, 52-73, 79-99, 104-123, or 130-149, wherein the isolated nucleic acid comprises DNA, mRNA, or self-amplifying RNA. 157. A set of polypeptides encoded by the isolated nucleic acid of any one of embodiments 119, 25-46, 52-73, or 79-99, 104-123, or 130-149.

[0025] Additional objects and advantages will be set forth in part in the description which follows, and in part will be understood from the description, or may be learned by practice. The objects and advantages will be realized and attained by means of the elements and combinations particularly pointed out in the appended claims.

[0026] It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the claims.

[0027] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate one (several) embodiment(s) and together with the description, serve to explain the principles described herein. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] The objects and features of the disclosure can be better understood with reference to the following detailed description and accompanying drawings.

[0029] Fig. 1 illustrates the general scheme of different types of improved LAMP-antigen Constructs (identified as ILC-1, ILC-2, ILC-3, ILC-4, ILC-5 and ILC-6) that can be used as described herein. Certain backbone constructs are further described in US Patent No. 11,203,629, which disclosure is incorporated by reference in its entirety.

[0030] Fig. 2B illustrates the domains of the LAMP proteins defined herein while Fig. 2A defines the specific amino acid boundaries of these domains for human LAMP-1 (SEQ ID NO: 1), human LAMP-2 (SEQ ID NO: 2), human LAMP-3 (SEQ ID NO: 3), human LIMP-2 (SEQ ID NO: 4), human Endolyn (SEQ ID NO: 5), human Macrosialin (SEQ ID NO: 80), human LAMP-5 (SEQ ID NO: 93) and human LIMBIC (SEQ ID NO: 67). As described herein the LAMP luminal domains, Homology Domains, transmembrane domains, the cytoplasmic tail and the signal sequences can be used to generate the bicistronic LAMP constructs as described herein.

[0031] Fig. 3 provides alignment of LAMP-1 proteins found in other species as compared to human LAMP-1 (SEQ ID NO: 1). The equivalent domains of these other species can be used to generate the bicistronic LAMP constructs described herein and are readily identifiable by comparing the domains identified for human LAMP-1 in Fig. 2 and Fig. 3 to the alignments shown in Fig. 3.

[0032] Fig. 4 provides alignment of LAMP-2 proteins found in other species as compared to human LAMP-2 (SEQ ID NO: 2). The equivalent domains of these other species can be used to generate the bicistronic LAMP constructs described herein and are readily identifiable by comparing the domains identified for human LAMP-2 in Fig. 2 and Fig. 4 to the alignments shown in Fig. 4.

[0033] Fig. 5 provides alignment of LAMP-3 proteins found in other species as compared to human LAMP-3 (SEQ ID NO: 3). The equivalent domains of these other species can be used to generate the bicistronic LAMP constructs described herein and are readily identifiable by comparing the domains identified for human LAMP-3 in Fig. 2 and Fig. 5 to the alignments shown in Fig. 5.

[0034] Fig. 6 provides alignment of LIMP-2 proteins found in other species as compared to human LIMP-2 (SEQ ID NO: 4). The equivalent domains of these other species can be used to generate the bicistronic LAMP constructs described herein and are readily identifiable by comparing the domains identified for human LIMP-2 in Fig. 2 and Fig. 6 to the alignments shown in Fig. 6.

[0035] Fig. 7 provides alignment of LIMBIC proteins found in other species as compared to human LIMBIC (SEQ ID NO: 67). The equivalent domains of these other species can be used to generate the bicistronic LAMP constructs described herein and are readily identifiable by comparing the domains identified for human LIMBIC in Fig. 2 and Fig. 7 to the alignments shown in Fig. 7.

[0036] Fig. 8 provides alignment of Endolyn proteins found in other species as compared to human Endolyn (SEQ ID NO: 5). The equivalent domains of these other species can be used to generate the bicistronic LAMP constructs described herein and are readily identifiable by comparing the domains identified for human Endolyn in Fig. 2 and Fig. 8 to the alignments shown in Fig. 8.

[0037] Fig. 9 provides alignment of Macrosialin proteins found in other species as compared to human Macrosialin (SEQ ID NO:80). The equivalent domains of these other species can be used to generate the bicistronic LAMP constructs described herein and are readily identifiable by comparing the domains identified for human Macrosialin in Fig. 2 and Fig. 9 to the alignments shown in Fig. 9.

[0038] Fig. 10 provides alignment of LAMP-5 proteins found in other species as compared to human LAMP-5 (SEQ ID NO: 93). The equivalent domains of these other species can be used to generate the bicistronic LAMP constructs described herein and are readily identifiable by comparing the domains identified for human LAMP-5 in Fig. 2 and Fig. 10 to the alignments shown in Fig. 10.

[0039] Fig. 11 shows design of the exemplary bicistronic construct HER2-LAMP-sCD40L.

[0040] Fig. 12 shows detection of sCD40L in the supernatant of 293T cells transfected with bicistronic HER2-LAMP-sCD40L vaccine. The asterisk marks the protein band that indicates the presence of sCD40L. Immunoprecipitation experiment with a biotinylated anti-CD40L antibody was used to detect sCD40L in control 293T cells, 293T cells transfected with bicistronic HER2-LAMP-sCD40L, or 293T cells transfected with a control vector expressing GFP. Cell culture supernatant was used as Input (I). Flowthrough (FT) marks proteins that didn’t bind to the biotinylated anti-CD40L whereas Bound (B) marks proteins that bind to the biotinylated anti-CD40L antibody.

[0041] Figs.l3A-D show detection of Spike-specific T cell response in mice after one immunization (Figs. 13A-B) or two immunizations (Figs. 13C-D) of ITLbicistronic vaccine or 2-V COVID vaccine. Figs. 13A and 13C: ELISPOT. Figs. 13B and 13D: spot counts. CV = control vector (plasmid alone). SFC = spot forming cells. Student T test was used to determine significance. * p<0.05, ** p<0.01, *** p<0.001.

[0042] Fig. 14 shows detection of spikespecific CD4 and CD8 T cells by flow cytometry. Both CD4+ and CD8+ T cell responses were enhanced after vaccination with 2-V vaccine.

[0043] Fig. 15 shows intracellular cytokine staining (ICS) of IFNy, TNFa, and IL-2 in CD4+ and CD8+ T cells.

[0044] Figs. 16A-F show measurements of Sl-specific antibodies after one immunization (Fig. 16A, 16C, and 16E) vs 2 immunizations (Fig. 16B, 16D, and 16F) with either ITLbicistronic vaccine or 2-V vaccine. Student T test was used to determine significance.

[0045] Figs. 17A-B detection of HER2-LAMP-sCD40L in the supernatant of transfected 293T cells. Fig. 17A shows a sCD40L standard curve for ELISA. Fig. 17B shows detection of sCD40L in the supernatant. Control cells = cells without transfection with a bicistronic construct.

[0046] Figs. 18A-F show bicistronic vaccines are capable of eliciting robust T-cell and antibody response. Fig. 18A show an exemplary vaccination schedule where mice were immunized by intradermal (ID) injection with 20 pg of control vector, HER2-LAMP, or bicistronic HER2- LAMP-sCD40L. Fig. 18B shows IFNy spot forming cells (ELISPOT). Fig. 18C shows mean IFNy spot-forming cells + SEM. Fig. 18D-F show HER2-specific total IgG (Fig. 18D), IgGl (Fig. 18E), and IgG2a (Fig. 18F) by ELISA; N=7. One-way ANOVA was used for statistical analysis. * p<0.05, ** p<0.01, *** p<0.001, ****p<0.0001.

[0047] Figs. 19A-B show intracellular staining for cytokines IFNy (IFNg), TNFa (TNFa), and IL-2 in CD4 and CD8 T cells. Fig. 19A show % of stained cells as mean + SEM. Fig. 19B show representative FACS plots. *p<0.05, **p<0.01, *** p<0.001.

[0048] Fig. 20 shows HER2-specific antibody responses as determined by ELISA.

[0049] Figs. 21A-B show HER2-LAMP-sCD40L protects mice form HER2-expressing breast tumor. Fig. 21A shows results by ELISPOT. Fig. 21B show tumor size as measured with a caliper.

[0050] Figs. 22A-B show HER2-LAMP-sCD40L enhances survival in mice. Fig. 22A is a schematic of the experimental design. Fig. 22B shows mouse survival after tumor challenge in a single experiment. N=10.

[0051] Fig. 23 shows the effect of HER2-LAMP vaccines with immune response enhancinggenes (IREG; HER2-LAMP-IREG) on tumor volume. IREG = CD40L, Flt3L, IL-21, IL-12, and OX40L. ** p<0.01; **** p<0.0001.

[0052] Fig. 24 shows the effect of HER2-LAMP-IREG on mouse survival.

[0053] Fig. 25 shows HER2-LAMP-IL-15 induces strong antigen specific antibody response as determined by ELISA. N=5 per group. T-test was used for statistical analysis. * p<0.05, ** p<0.01.

[0054] Fig. 26 shows HER2-LAMP-IL-15 elicits strong T cell response as determined by ELISPOT. Data represent mean IFNy spot forming cells + SEM. N=5. T-test was used for statistical analysis. * p<0.05, ** p<0.01.

[0055] Figs. 27A-B show two doses of HER2-LAMP-IL-15 elicit strong T cell response as determined by ELISPOT. Data represent original spots (Fig. 27A) and mean IFNy spot forming cells + SEM (Fig. 27B). N=5. T-test was used for statistical analysis. * p<0.05, ** p<0.01, *** p<0.001, **** p<0.0001.

[0056] Figs. 28A-C relate to the first generation bicistronic LAMP construct comprising SARS CoV-2 SI spike protein. Fig. 28A illustrates the general scheme of a vector (bicistronic-Sl-LAMP-EF1 IgK-S 2P; 7427 bp) encoding a first generation bicistronic LAMP construct (based on ILC-4) comprising a fragment of the SARS CoV-2 SI spike protein as a target antigen, and including an expression cassette for expressing the SARS CoV-2 S2 spike protein operably linked to an Ig-kappa leader (secretion signal), as a second antigen for secretion. Fig. 28B is another representation (as a circular plasmid) of the first-generation ITI-COVID bicistronic construct, showing a representative, yet preferred, example of the arrangement of polynucleotides encoding sequences. Fig. 28C shows the complete polynucleotide and encoded polypeptide domains of the first-generation ITI-COVID bicistronic construct.

[0057] Figs. 29A-D show suppression of tumor growth by a bicistronic HER2-LAMP-sCD40L (soluble CD40 ligand) administered as a DNA vector in a murine TSA breast cancer model compared to control (CV) and non-bicistronic HER2-LAMP vectors. Fig. 29A shows the experimental protocol. Fig. 29B shows changes in tumor growth for each mouse, while Fig. 29C shows changes in tumor growth for the seven mice in each group (control, HER2-LAMP and HER2-LAMP-sCD40L). Control (CV; top-most curves) is depicted by closed circles; HER2-LAMP (middle curve in Fig. 29C) by closed squares; HER2-LAMP-sCD40L (bottom curve in Fig. 29C) by closed triangles. Fig. 29D shows tumor weight measured at the termination of the experiment (* indicates p<0.05 while ** indicates p<0.01).

[0058] Fig. 30 shows that HER2-LAMP-sCD40L induces production of CD3+ memory T cells compared to the control vector.

[0059] Figs. 31A-C show that HER2-LAMP-sCD40L promotes infiltration of T cells into the tumor microenvironment compared with HER2-LAMP and control vectors. Fig. 31A shows the number of CD3+ T cells in tumors, after tumors were obtained, cleaned, and dissociated. Fig. 31B shows the number of CD4+ T cells. Fig. 31C shows the number of CD8+ T cells. * indicates p<0.05 while ** indicates p<0.01.

[0060] Fig. 32A-C show that soluble CD40 ligand (sCD40L) produced by the HER2-LAMP-sCD40L vector enhances activation of type 1 dendritic cells (DC1) producing IL-12 in draining lymph nodes. Fig. 32A shows the gating protocol used in the experiment, while Fig. 32B shows CD8-expressing DC1 cells and Fig. 32C shows IL-12 producing DC1 cells. * indicates p<0.05.

[0061] Fig. 33A-B show that bicistronic HER2-LAMP-sCD40L activates inflammatory signals in the tumor microenvironment. Specifically, Fig. 33A shows the number of CD4+ CD69+ cells in tumors and Fig. 33B shows the number of CD8+ CD69+ cells in tumors, after tumors were obtained, cleaned, and dissociated. * indicates p<0.05.

[0062] Fig. 34A-B show that bicistronic HER2-LAMP-sCD40L promotes T cells producing PD-1 in the tumor microenvironment. Specifically, Fig. 33A shows the number of CD4+ PD-1 + cells in tumors and Fig. 33B shows the number of CD8+ PD-1+ cells in tumors, after tumors were obtained, cleaned, and dissociated. * indicates p<0.05 while ** indicates p<0.01.

[0063] Fig. 35 shows results of ELISPOT analysis of splenocytes from mice following the protocol described in Fig. 29A after incubation of splenocytes with several different pooled peptides of HER2 extracellular domain. The results show that the bicistronic HER2-LAMP-sCD40L induced a stronger response against certain pooled FIER2 peptides than control or FIER2-LAMP constructs.

[0064] Fig. 36 shows results from a parallel experiment to those described in Figs. 29A-C, with 5 mice per control, HER2-LAMP and HER2-LAMP-sCD40L group, confirming that the bicistronic construct suppresses tumor growth more than the other two groups with p<0.05.

[0065] Fig. 37A-D show results of FACS analysis of splenocytes from the experiment shown in Fig. 36 (following the protocol of Fig. 29A), and shows that HER2-LAMP-sCD40L induces polyfunctional CD4 effector memory T cells (“TEM” cells) in the spleen. Fig. 37A shows percentage of CD4 TEM cells; Fig. 37B shows percentage of CD8 TEM cells. The amount of the CD4 or CD8 TEM cells expressing IFNg, TNFa, or both IFNg and TNFa are denoted in the bar graphs. The remaining figure panels show response to pooled HER2 peptides by CD4 TEM cells (Fig. 37C) or CD8 TEM cells (Fig. 37D) expressing both IFNg and TNFa. *P<0.05, ** p<0.01, ****p<0.0001.

[0066] Fig. 38A-B show that soluble CD40L expressed from the HER2-LAMP-sCD40L construct in the murine TSA model of Fig. 29A enhances activation of DC1 dendritic cells in the spleen. The FACS gating strategy is shown in Fig. 38A while the percentage of DC1 dendritic cells is shown in Fig. 38B. * indicates p<0.05 while ** indicates p<0.01.

[0067] Fig. 39A-B show results from cell staining experiments indicating that soluble CD40L expressed from the HER2-LAMP-sCD40L construct in the murine TSA model of Fig. 29A increases the presence of CD4+ (Fig. 39A) and CD8+ T cells (Fig. 39B) in the tumors.

[0068] Figs. 40A-B show results from experiments in which mice were injected with a control vector (CV), Her2-LAMP (i.e., HER2-Hinge-LAMP), Her2-LAMP-sCD40L, Her2-LAMP-mFlt3L, or a combination of both Her2-LAMP-sCD40L and Her2-LAMP-mFlt3L (7 mice per group), followed by ELISPOT analysis of splenocytes. Fig. 40A shows mean IFNg forming cells + / - SEM for each group, while Fig. 40B shows the number of cells recognizing various HER2 peptide pools from each of the 5 groups.

[0069] Fig. 41 shows antibody titer determined by ELISA for each of the groups of Fig. 40A.

[0070] Figs. 42A-D show the percentage of various CD4 and CD8 TEM cells recognizing various HER2 extracellular domain peptide pools following the experiment of Fig. 40A, specifically CD8 IFNg TNFa cells (Fig. 42A), CD8 IFNg cells (Fig. 42B), CD4 IFNg TNFa cells (Fig. 42C), and CD4 IFNg cells (Fig. 42D).

[0071] Fig. 43 shows the effect on serum antibody titer of combined administration of two bicistronic constructs HER2-LAMP-IL-12 and HER2-LAMP-mFlt3L, as measured by ELISA. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0072] The disclosure encompasses, for example, nucleic acid molecules encoding bicistronic or multicistronic LAMP constructs which can be used to generate vaccines and / or used to raise antibodies and / or a humoral immune response. The nucleic acid molecules can be used to induce an immune response. In one aspect, the disclosure provides methods for treating a subject with an allergy, infectious disease such as a coronavirus or Covid-19, diabetes, cancer or a hyperproliferative disorder by providing a nucleic acid molecule (e.g., a plasmid or vector) encoding a bicistronic LAMP construct described herein. The nucleic acid molecules encoding bicistronic LAMP constructs can also be used to raise antibodies in non-human vertebrates, and in preferably, non-human mammals. A. Definitions

[0073] The following definitions are provided for specific terms which are used in the following written description.

[0074] As used in the specification and claims, the singular form “a”, “an” and “the” include plural references unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. For example, the term “a cell” includes a plurality of cells, including mixtures thereof. The term “a nucleic acid molecule” includes a plurality of nucleic acid molecules.

[0075] As used herein, the term “comprising” is intended to mean that the nucleic acid molecules or the bicistronic LAMP constructs and methods include the recited elements, but do not exclude other elements. In the case of an amino acid or nucleotide sequence, it is intended to mean that other sequence elements may be added to either end of the sequence. “Consisting essentially of’, when used to define nucleic acid molecules, bicistronic LAMP constructs and methods, shall mean excluding other elements of any essential significance to the combination or its function. Thus, a bicistronic LAMP construct consisting essentially of the elements as defined herein would not exclude trace contaminants from the isolation and purification method and pharmaceutically acceptable carriers, such as phosphate buffered saline, preservatives, and the like. “Consisting of’ shall mean excluding more than trace elements of other ingredients and substantial method steps for administering nucleic acid molecules encoding the bicistronic LAMP constructs described herein. In the case of an amino acid or nucleotide sequence, “consisting of’ indicates that no further sequence elements are added to either end of the sequence, but the recited sequence would be allowed to incorporate modifications to the amino acids or nucleotides that occur physiologically such as DNA methylations or glycosylations or the like. Embodiments defined by each of these transition terms are within the scope of this disclosure.

[0076] The term “about” or “approximately” means within an acceptable range for the particular value as determined by one of ordinary skill in the art, which will depend in part on how the value is measured or determined, e.g., the limitations of the measurement system. For example, “about” can mean a range of up to 20%, preferably up to 10%, more preferably up to 5%, and more preferably still up to 1% of a given value. Alternatively, particularly with respect to biological systems or processes, the term can mean within an order of magnitude, preferably within 5-fold, and more preferably within 2 fold, of a value. Unless otherwise stated, the term "about' means within an acceptable error range for the particular value, such as ± 1-20%, preferably ± 1-10% and more preferably ±1-5%.

[0077] Where a range of values is provided, it is understood that each intervening value, between the upper and lower limit of that range and any other stated or intervening value in that stated range is encompassed within the disclosure. The upper and lower limits of these smaller ranges may independently be included in the smaller ranges, and are also encompassed within the disclosure, subject to any specifically excluded limit in the stated range. Where the stated range includes one or both of the limits, ranges excluding both of those included limits are also included in the disclosure.

[0078] As used herein, “the lysosomal / endosomal compartment” refers to membrane-bound acidic vacuoles containing LAMP molecules in the membrane, hydrolytic enzymes that function in antigen processing, and MHC class II molecules for antigen recognition and presentation. This compartment functions as a site for degradation of foreign materials internalized from the cell surface by any of a variety of mechanisms including endocytosis, phagocytosis and pinocytosis, and of intracellular material delivered to this compartment by specialized autolytic phenomena (de Duve, Eur. J. Biochem. 137: 391, 1983). The term “endosome” as used herein encompasses a lysosome.

[0079] As used herein, a “lysosome-related organelle” refers to any organelle which comprises lysosymes and includes, but is not limited to, MIIC, CIIV, melanosomes, secretory granules, lytic granules, platelet-dense granules, basophil granules, Birbeck granules, phagolysosomes, secretory lysosomes, and the like. Preferably, such an organelle lacks mannose 6-phosphate receptors and comprises LAMP, but may or may not comprise an MHC class II molecule. For reviews, see, e.g., Blott and Griffiths, Nature Reviews, Molecular Cell Biology, 2002; Dell'Angelica, et al., The FASEB Journal 14: 1265-1278, 2000.

[0080] As used herein, the terms “polynucleotide” and “nucleic acid molecule” are used interchangeably to refer to polymeric forms of nucleotides of any length. The polynucleotides may contain deoxyribonucleotides, ribonucleotides, and / or their analogs. Thus, in some cases, bicistronic LAMP construct nucleic acid molecule herein can be a DNA molecule, such as a DNA vector, e.g., a DNA virus vector, and in other cases it can be an RNA molecule, including a self-amplifying RNA vector (also known as a self-replicating RNA vector).

[0081] Nucleotides may have any three-dimensional structure, and may perform any function, known or unknown. Depending on context, the term “polynucleotide” also includes, for example, single-, double-stranded and triple helical molecules, a gene or gene fragment, exons, introns, mRNA, tRNA, rRNA, ribozymes, antisense molecules, cDNA, recombinant polynucleotides, branched polynucleotides, aptamers, plasmids, vectors, isolated DNA of any sequence, isolated RNA of any sequence, nucleic acid probes, and primers. A nucleic acid molecule may also comprise modified nucleic acid molecules (e.g., comprising modified bases, sugars, and / or intemucleotide linkers).

[0082] As used herein, the term “peptide” refers to a compound of two or more subunit amino acids, amino acid analogs, or peptidomimetics. The subunits may be linked by peptide bonds or by other bonds (e.g., as esters, ethers, and the like).

[0083] As used herein, the term “amino acid” refers to either natural and / or unnatural or synthetic amino acids, including glycine and both D or L optical isomers, and amino acid analogs and peptidomimetics. A peptide of three or more amino acids is commonly called an oligopeptide if the peptide chain is short. If the peptide chain is long (e.g., greater than about 10 amino acids), the peptide is commonly called a polypeptide or a protein. While the term “protein” encompasses the term “polypeptide”, a “polypeptide” may be a less than full-length protein.

[0084] As used herein a “LAMP protein” or “LAMP polypeptide” refers to any of the mammalian lysosomal associated membrane proteins human LAMP-1, human LAMP-2, human LAMP-3, human LIMP-2, human Endolyn, human LIMBIC, human LAMP-5, or human Macrosialin as described herein, as well as orthologs (such as, for example, the LAMP proteins shown in Figs. 3-10), and their allelic variants. As used herein, LAMP-1, LAMP2, LAMP-3, LIMP 2, Macrosialin, Endolyn, LAMP5 or LIMBIC refer to the human proteins and their allelic variants as noted in Figs. 3-10 unless explicitly noted otherwise.

[0085] As used herein, a LAMP “homology domain” comprises at least the 4 uniformly spaced cysteine residues shown in Figs. 3-10. These cysteine resides are labeled 1, 2, 3, and 4 (and in LIMP-2 and Macrosialin — five cysteines are identified, LIMBIC — six cysteines are identified and Endolyn — eight cysteines are identified) in each Homology Domain as shown in Figs. 3-10 and are defined herein as the “Cysteine Conserved Fragment.” Additional amino acids can be included to either the N-terminus end and / or the C-terminus end of the Cysteine Conserved Fragment to generate, up to and including a full Homology Domain of a LAMP protein. These additional added amino acids can be derived from the Homology Domain from which the Cysteine Conserved Fragment is derived or from other LAMP Protein Homology Domains. Thus, as used herein, a LAMP Homology Domain comprises and / or consists of one Cysteine Conserved Fragment. At least two LAMP Homology Domains make up the Luminal Domain of LAMP-1, LAMP-2, LAMP-3, or Endolyn.

[0086] As used herein, “expression” refers to the process by which polynucleotides are transcribed into mRNA and / or translated into peptides, polypeptides, or proteins. If the polynucleotide is derived from genomic DNA, expression may include splicing of the mRNA transcribed from the genomic DNA.

[0087] As used herein, “under transcriptional control” or “operably linked” refers to expression (e.g., transcription or translation) of a polynucleotide sequence which is controlled by an appropriate juxtaposition of an expression control element and a coding sequence. In one aspect, a nucleic acid sequence is “operably linked” to an expression control sequence when the expression control sequence controls and regulates the transcription of that sequence. In another context, the term “operably linked” refers to the linkage of a peptide, polypeptide or proteins such as an epitope or antigen with a signal sequence, such as a secretion signal sequence to bring about the secretion of the peptide, polypeptide or protein from a host cell.

[0088] As used herein, “signal sequence” or “signal peptide” denotes an endoplasmic reticulum translocation sequence. This sequence encodes a signal peptide that communicates to a cell to direct a polypeptide to which it is linked (e.g., via a chemical bond) to an endoplasmic reticulum vesicular compartment, to enter an exocytic / endocytic organelle, to be delivered either to a cellular vesicular compartment, the cell surface or to secrete the polypeptide. This signal sequence is sometimes clipped off by the cell in the maturation of a polypeptide. Signal sequences can be found associated with a variety of proteins native to prokaryotes and eukaryotes. A “secretion signal sequence” refers to a signal sequence that results in the polypeptide to which it is attached being secreted by a cell.

[0089] As used herein, “coding sequence” is a sequence which is transcribed and translated into a peptide, polypeptide or protein when placed under the control of appropriate expression control sequences. The boundaries of a coding sequence are determined by a start codon at the 5' (amino) terminus and a translation stop codon at the 3' (carboxyl) terminus. A coding sequence can include, but is not limited to, a prokaryotic sequence, cDNA from eukaryotic mRNA, a genomic DNA sequence from eukaryotic (e.g., mammalian) DNA, and even synthetic DNA sequences. A polyadenylation signal and transcription termination sequence will usually be located 3' to the coding sequence.

[0090] As used herein, two coding sequences “correspond” to each other if the sequences or their complementary sequences encode the same amino acid sequences.

[0091] As used herein, “trafficking” denotes movement or progression of the polypeptide encoded by the bicistronic LAMP construct through cellular organelles or compartments in the pathway from the rough endoplasmic reticulum to the endosomal / lysosomal compartment or related organelles where antigen processing and binding to MHC II occurs.

[0092] The term “antigen” or “antigen of interest” as used herein covers any polypeptide sequence encoded by a polynucleotide sequence cloned into the nucleic acid molecules encoding a bicistronic LAMP construct which is used to elicit an innate or adaptive immune response. An “antigen” encompasses both a single antigen as well as multiple antigenic sequences (derived from the same or different proteins). In some cases, the “antigen” provides particular “epitopes” or antibody recognition sites. In some cases, the “antigen” is a “target antigen,” meaning that it represents a specific protein expressed by diseased cells, such as a tumor antigen expressed by tumor cells, or a particular foreign antigen from an infectious disease such as a Spike protein from a coronavirus or other type of virus. In some cases, the antigen is expressed within a LAMP fusion protein, creating a “LAMP-antigen Construct.” The different arrangements of LAMP-antigen Constructs that can be used herein are illustrated in Fig. 1 as ILC-l-ILC-6.

[0093] As used herein, a “bicistronic LAMP construct” and a “bicistronic LAMP construct comprising an antigen” and a “bicistronic LAMP construct comprising a target antigen” and a “bicistronic LAMP construct comprising an antigen of interest” and a “bicistronic LAMPantigen construct” are used interchangeably, and refer to a nucleic acid construct that encodes or expresses two polypeptides, i.e. a first polypeptide comprising a LAMP-antigen construct and a second polypeptide, which in some embodiments may encode an IREG polypeptide or a second antigen. In some cases, a bicistronic LAMP construct nucleic acid molecule herein can be a DNA molecule, such as a DNA vector, e.g., a DNA virus vector, and in other cases it can be an RNA molecule, including a self-amplifying RNA vector (also known as a self-replicating RNA vector). In other cases, based on the context, a “bicistronic LAMP construct” refers to the polypeptides that are collectively expressed from the nucleic acid construct.

[0094] As used herein, an “immune response element,” or “immune response enhancing gene” or “IREG” broadly refers to a gene encoding a protein that may enhance an immune response in a subject, such as a humoral and / or cellular immune response. In some cases, the abbreviation IREG may also be used to refer to the encoded polypeptide of such a gene, or an extracellular domain of such a protein, or a fusion molecule comprising such a protein or extracellular domain. Examples of IREGs include certain cytokines or immune proteins, such as CD40L, CD80, OX40, Flt3L, GM-CSF, IL-12, IL-21, IL-23, IL-15, CD70, CD86, IL-7, IL-18, or IL-33.

[0095] As used herein, an “bicistronic LAMP construct delivery vehicle” is defined as any molecule or group of molecules or macromolecules that can carry a nucleic acid molecule encoding a bicistronic LAMP construct into a host cell.

[0096] As used herein, “bicistronic LAMP construct delivery,” or “bicistronic LAMP construct transfer,” refers to the introduction of a nucleic acid molecule encoding a bicistronic LAMP construct into a host cell, irrespective of the method used for the introduction. The introduced nucleic acid molecule may be stably or transiently maintained in the host cell. Stable maintenance typically requires that the introduced nucleic acid molecule encoding the bicistronic LAMP construct either contains an origin of replication compatible with the host cell or integrates into a replicon of the host cell such as an extrachromosomal replicon (e.g., a plasmid) or a nuclear or mitochondrial chromosome.

[0097] As used herein, a “viral bicistronic LAMP construct” refers to a virus or viral particle that comprises a nucleic acid molecule comprising the bicistronic LAMP construct to be delivered into a host cell, either in vivo, ex vivo or in vitro. Examples of viral bicistronic LAMP constructs include, but are not limited to, adenovirus vectors, adeno-associated virus vectors, retroviral vectors, and the like. In aspects where gene transfer is mediated by an adenoviral vector, a viral bicistronic LAMP construct includes the adenovirus genome or part thereof, and a selected, non-adenoviral gene, in association with adenoviral capsid proteins.

[0098] As used herein, “adenoviral-mediated gene transfer” or “adenoviral transduction” refers to the process by which a nucleic acid molecule encoding a bicistronic LAMP construct is transferred into a host cell by virtue of the adenovirus entering the cell. Preferably, the nucleic acid molecule is able to replicate and / or integrate and be transcribed within the cell.

[0099] As used herein, “adenovirus particles” are individual adenovirus virions comprised of an external capsid and a nucleic acid molecule encoding a bicistronic LAMP construct, where the capsid is further comprised of adenovirus envelope proteins. The adenovirus envelope proteins may be modified to comprise a fusion polypeptide which contains a polypeptide ligand covalently attached to the viral protein, e.g., for targeting the adenoviral particle to a particular cell and / or tissue type.

[00100] As used herein, the term “administering” or “immunizing” or “injecting” a nucleic acid molecule encoding a bicistronic LAMP construct refers to transducing, transfecting, microinjecting, electroporating, or shooting the cell with the nucleic acid molecule. In some aspects, nucleic acid molecules encoding a bicistronic LAMP construct are introduced into a target cell by contacting the target cell with a delivery cell (e.g., by cell fusion or by lysing the delivery cell when it is in proximity to the target cell).

[00101] The term “treat” or “treatment” other like, as used herein, refers broadly to an improvement or amelioration of a disease or disorder in a subject, such as the improvement or amelioration of at least one symptom or marker associated with the disease or disorder, such as, in the case of a tumor, for example, reduction in the size of the tumor, or a change in biochemical markers associated with the tumor, or reduction in disease symptoms. In the case of a disease, such as a cancer or infectious disease, treat or treatment also refers to the reduction in at least one symptom of the disease or disorder. Treat or treatment also refers to prevention of the onset or slowing of the onset of a disease or disorder, or prevention or reduction of one or more symptoms upon onset (e.g, including development an asymptomatic disease vs. a symptomatic one), for example. Treat or treatment also refers to use in immunization or vaccination, for example, to induce an immune response in a subject that may, for example, prevent onset of symptoms, reduce severity of symptoms, or improve at least one existing symptom of a disease or disorder in a subject.

[00102] As used herein, the phrase “target enhancement” or simply “enhancement” of an immune response describes the use of a nucleic acid molecule encoding a “LAMP-antigen Construct” comprising a target antigen related to the disease or disorder to be treated in a LAMP fusion polypeptide, and (2) a further secreted polypeptide encoding a protein intended to enhance an immune response (i.e. an IREG protein). In general, such target enhancement allows for delivery of target antigens and secreted IREGs simultaneously. In some embodiments, this approach may improve both humoral and cellular immune responses.

[00103] The term “secreted” as used herein refers to processes and pathways within cells which result in a peptide, polypeptide or protein being transported through the cell wall such that the peptide, polypeptide or protein is released into the extracellular environment and may, for example, enter the circulation of a subject. A peptide, polypeptide or protein destined for the extracellular environment (i.e., to be secreted) will typically be provided with a secretion signal sequence, generally located at the N-terminus, which directs the ribosomes translating the peptide, polypeptide or protein to the rough endoplasmic reticulum (rough ER), from where newly made peptide, polypeptide or protein may be incorporated into small transport or secretory vesicles which transport the peptide, polypeptide or protein to the cell surface for release.

[00104] As used herein, “hybridization” refers to a reaction in which one or more polynucleotides react to form a complex that is stabilized via hydrogen bonding between the bases of the nucleotide residues. The hydrogen bonding may occur by Watson-Crick base pairing, Hoogstein binding, or in any other sequence-specific manner. The complex may comprise two strands forming a duplex structure, three or more strands forming a multistranded complex, a single self-hybridizing strand, or any combination of these. A hybridization reaction may constitute a step in a more extensive process, such as the initiation of a PCR reaction, or the enzymatic cleavage of a polynucleotide by a ribozyme.

[00105] As used herein, a polynucleotide or polynucleotide region (or a polypeptide or polypeptide region) which has a certain percentage (for example, at least 50%, at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 99%) of “sequence identity” to another sequence means that, when maximally aligned, using software programs routine in the art, that percentage of bases (or amino acids) are the same in comparing the two sequences.

[00106] Two sequences are “substantially homologous” or “substantially similar” when at least 50%, at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 90 or at least 95% of the nucleotides match over the defined length of the DNA sequences. Similarly, two polypeptide sequences are “substantially homologous” or “substantially similar” when at least 50%, at least 60%, at least 66%, at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 90 or at least 95% of the amino acid residues of the polypeptide match over a defined length of the polypeptide sequence. Sequences that are substantially homologous can be identified by comparing the sequences using standard software available in sequence data banks. Substantially homologous nucleic acid sequences also can be identified in a Southern hybridization experiment under, for example, stringent conditions as defined for that particular system. Defining appropriate hybridization conditions is within the skill of the art. For example, stringent conditions can be: hybridization at 5xSSC and 50% formamide at 42°C, and washing at O.lxSSC and 0.1% sodium dodecyl sulfate at 60°C. Further examples of stringent hybridization conditions include: incubation temperatures of about 25 degrees C to about 37 degrees C; hybridization buffer concentrations of about 6xSSC to about lOxSSC; formamide concentrations of about 0% to about 25%; and wash solutions of about 6xSSC. Examples of moderate hybridization conditions include: incubation temperatures of about 40 degrees C to about 50 degrees C.; buffer concentrations of about 9xSSC to about 2xSSC; formamide concentrations of about 30% to about 50%; and wash solutions of about 5xSSC to about 2xSSC. Examples of high stringency conditions include: incubation temperatures of about 55 degrees C to about 68 degrees C.; buffer concentrations of about IxSSC to about O.lxSSC; formamide concentrations of about 55% to about 75%; and wash solutions of about IxSSC, O.lxSSC, or deionized water. In general, hybridization incubation times are from 5 minutes to 24 hours, with 1, 2, or more washing steps, and wash incubation times are about 1, 2, or 15 minutes. SSC is 0.15 M NaCl and 15 mM citrate buffer. It is understood that equivalents of SSC using other buffer systems can be employed. Similarity can be verified by sequencing, but preferably, is also or alternatively, verified by function (e.g., ability to traffic to an endosomal compartment, and the like), using assays suitable for the particular domain in question.

[00107] The terms “percent (%) sequence similarity”, “percent (%) sequence identity”, and the like, generally refer to the degree of identity or correspondence between different nucleotide sequences of nucleic acid molecules or amino acid sequences of polypeptides that may or may not share a common evolutionary origin (see Reeck et al., supra). Sequence identity can be determined using any of a number of publicly available sequence comparison algorithms, such as BLAST, FASTA, DNA Strider, GCG (Genetics Computer Group, Program Manual for the GCG Package, Version 7, Madison, Wisconsin), etc.

[00108] To determine the percent identity between two amino acid sequences or two nucleic acid molecules, the sequences are aligned for optimal comparison purposes. The percent identity between the two sequences is a function of the number of identical positions shared by the sequences (i.e., percent identity = number of identical positions / total number of positions (e.g., overlapping positions) x 100). In one embodiment, the two sequences are, or are about, of the same length. The percent identity between two sequences can be determined using techniques similar to those described below, with or without allowing gaps. In calculating percent sequence identity, typically exact matches are counted.

[00109] The determination of percent identity between two sequences can be accomplished using a mathematical algorithm. A non-limiting example of a mathematical algorithm utilized for the comparison of two sequences is the algorithm of Karlin and Altschul, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 1990, 87:2264, modified as in Karlin and Altschul, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 1993, 90:58735877. Such an algorithm is incorporated into the NBLAST and XBLAST programs of Altschul et al, J. Mol. Biol. 1990; 215: 403. BLAST nucleotide searches can be performed with the NBLAST program, score = 100, wordlength = 12, to obtain nucleotide sequences homologous to sequences of the disclosure. BLAST protein searches can be performed with the XBLAST program, score = 50, wordlength = 3, to obtain amino acid sequences homologous to protein sequences of the disclosure. To obtain gapped alignments for comparison purposes, Gapped BLAST can be utilized as described in Altschul et al, Nucleic Acids Res. 1997, 25:3389. Alternatively, PSI-Blast can be used to perform an iterated search that detects distant relationship between molecules. See Altschul et al. (1997) supra. When utilizing BLAST, Gapped BLAST, and PSI-Blast programs, the default parameters of the respective programs (e.g., XBLAST and NBLAST) can be used. See ncbi.nlm.nih.gov / BLAST / on the WorldWideWeb.

[00110] Another non-limiting example of a mathematical algorithm utilized for the comparison of sequences is the algorithm of Myers and Miller, CABIOS 1988; 4: 1 1-17. Such an algorithm is incorporated into the ALIGN program (version 2.0), which is part of the GCG sequence alignment software package. When utilizing the ALIGN program for comparing amino acid sequences, a PAM120 weight residue table, a gap length penalty of 12, and a gap penalty of 4 can be used.

[00111] In one embodiment, the percent identity between two amino acid sequences is determined using the algorithm of Needleman and Wunsch (J. Mol. Biol. 1970, 48:444-453), which has been incorporated into the GAP program in the GCG software package (Accelrys, Burlington, MA; available at accelrys.com on the WorldWideWeb), using either a Blossum 62 matrix or a PAM250 matrix, a gap weight of 16, 14, 12, 10, 8, 6, or 4, and a length weight of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6. In yet another embodiment, the percent identity between two nucleotide sequences is determined using the GAP program in the GCG software package using a NWSgapdna.CMP matrix, a gap weight of 40, 50, 60, 70, or 80, and a length weight of 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, or 6. A particularly set of parameters (and the one that can be used if the practitioner is uncertain about what parameters should be applied to determine if a molecule is a sequence identity or homology limitation of the disclosure) is using a Blossum 62 scoring matrix with a gap open penalty of 12, a gap extend penalty of 4, and a frameshift gap penalty of 5.

[00112] Another non-limiting example of how percent identity can be determined is by using software programs such as those described in Current Protocols In Molecular Biology (F. M. Ausubel et al., eds., 1987) Supplement 30, section 7.7.18, Table 7.7.1. Preferably, default parameters are used for alignment. An alignment program is BLAST, using default parameters. In particular, programs are BLASTN and BLASTP, using the following default parameters: Genetic code=standard; filter=none; strand=both; cutoff=60; expect=10; Matrix=BLOSUM62; Descriptions=50 sequences; sort by=HIGH SCORE; Databases=non-redundant, GenBank+EMBL+DDBJ+PDB+GenBank CDS translations+SwissProtein+SPupdate+PIR. Details of these programs can be found at the following Internet address: http: / / www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov / cgi-bin / BLAST.

[00113] Statistical analysis of the properties described herein may be carried out by standard tests, for example, t-tests, ANOVA, or Chi squared tests. Typically, statistical significance will be measured to a level of p=0.05 (5%), more preferably p=0.01, p=0.001, p=0.0001, p=0.000001

[00114] “Conservatively modified variants” of domain sequences also can be provided. With respect to particular nucleic acid sequences, conservatively modified variants refer to those nucleic acids which encode identical or essentially identical amino acid sequences, or where the nucleic acid does not encode an amino acid sequence, to essentially identical sequences. Specifically, degenerate codon substitutions can be achieved by generating sequences in which the third position of one or more selected (or all) codons is substituted with mixed-base and / or deoxyinosine residues (Batzer, et al., 1991, Nucleic Acid Res. 19: 5081; Ohtsuka, et al., 1985, J. Biol. Chern. 260: 2605-2608; Rossolini et al., 1994, Mol. Cell. Probes 8: 91-98).

[00115] The term “biologically active fragment”, “biologically active form”, “biologically active equivalent” of and “functional derivative” of a wild-type protein, possesses a biological activity that is at least substantially equal (e.g., not significantly different from) the biological activity of the wild type protein as measured using an assay suitable for detecting the activity.

[00116] As used herein, “in vivo nucleic acid delivery, nucleic acid transfer, nucleic acid therapy” and the like, refer to the introduction of a nucleic acid molecule encoding a bicistronic LAMP construct as described herein directly into the body of a subject, such as a human or non-human mammal, whereby the nucleic acid molecule is introduced to a cell of such organism in vivo.

[00117] As used herein, the term “in situ” refers to a type of in vivo nucleic acid delivery in which the nucleic acid molecule encoding a bicistronic LAMP construct is brought into proximity with a target cell (e.g., the nucleic acid is not administered systemically). For example, in situ delivery methods include, but are not limited to, injecting a nucleic acid molecule encoding a bicistronic LAMP construct directly at a site (e.g., into a tissue, such as a tumor or heart muscle), contacting the nucleic acid molecule with cell(s) or tissue through an open surgical field, or delivering the nucleic acid molecule to a site using a medical access device such as a catheter.

[00118] As used herein, the term “isolated” or “purified” means separated (or substantially free) from constituents, cellular and otherwise, in which the polynucleotide, peptide, polypeptide, protein, antibody, or fragments thereof, are normally associated with in nature. For example, with respect to an isolated nucleic acid molecule encoding a bicistronic LAMP construct as described herein, an isolated polynucleotide is one that is separated from the 5' and 3' sequences with which it is normally associated in the chromosome. As is apparent to those of skill in the art, a non-naturally occurring polynucleotide, peptide, polypeptide, protein, antibody, or fragments thereof, does not require “isolation” to distinguish it from its naturally occurring counterpart. By substantially free or substantially purified, it is meant at least 50% of the population, preferably at least 70%, more preferably at least 80%, and even more preferably at least 90%, are free of the components with which they are associated in nature.

[00119] As used herein, a “target cell” or “recipient cell” refers to an individual cell or cell which is desired to be, or has been, a recipient of a nucleic acid molecule encoding a bicistronic LAMP construct described herein. The term is also intended to include progeny of a single cell, and the progeny may not necessarily be completely identical (in morphology or in genomic or total DNA complement) to the original parent cell due to natural, accidental, or deliberate mutation. A target cell may be in contact with other cells (e.g., as in a tissue) or may be found circulating within the body of an organism.

[00120] As used herein, a “subject” is a human unless specifically noted otherwise. In such other cases, a subject may be a mammal. Mammals include, but are not limited to, murines, simians, humans, farm animals, sport animals, and pets. In some cases, the “subject” is a rodent (e.g., a rat, a mouse or rabbit), a llama, camel, a cow, a guinea pig, a hamster, a dog, a cat, a horse, a nonhuman primate, a simian (e.g., a monkey or ape), a monkey (e.g., marmoset, baboon, rhesus macaque), or an ape (e.g., gorilla, chimpanzee, orangutan, gibbon). In some embodiments, nonhuman mammals, especially mammals that are conventionally used as models for demonstrating therapeutic efficacy in humans (e.g., murine, primate, porcine, canine, or rabbit animals) may be employed.

[00121] The terms “cancer,” “neoplasm,” and “tumor,” are used interchangeably and in either the singular or plural form, refer to cells that have undergone a malignant transformation that makes them pathological to the host organism. Primary cancer cells transformation that makes them pathological to the host organism. Primary cancer cells (that is, cells obtained from near the site of malignant transformation) can be readily distinguished from non-cancerous cells by well-established techniques, particularly histological examination. The definition of a cancer cell, as used herein, includes not only a primary cancer cell, but any cell derived from a cancer cell ancestor. This includes metastasized cancer cells, and in vitro cultures and cell lines derived from cancer cells. When referring to a type of cancer that normally manifests as a solid tumor, a “clinically detectable” tumor is one that is detectable on the basis of tumor mass, e.g., by procedures such as CAT scan, MR imaging, X-ray, ultrasound or palpation, and / or which is detectable because of the expression of one or more cancer-specific antigens in a sample obtainable from a patient.

[00122] In some embodiments, the cancer (including all stages of progression, including hyperplasia) is an adenocarcinoma, sarcoma, skin cancer, melanoma, bladder cancer, brain cancer, breast cancer, uterine cancer, ovarian cancer, prostate cancer, lung cancer (including, but not limited to NSCLC, SCLC, squamous cell cancer), colorectal cancer, anal cancer, rectal cancer, cervical cancer, liver cancer, head and neck cancer, oral cancer, salivary gland cancer, esophageal cancer, pancreas cancer, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA), renal cancer, stomach cancer, kidney cancer, multiple myeloma or cerebral cancer.

[00123] The nucleic acid molecules encoding bicistronic LAMP constructs as described herein can also be used to treat allergies, such as for example, food allergies (e.g., peanut allergens, such as Ara Hl, H2 and / or H3), or environmental allergens, such as for example pollen (tree pollen, such as for example CRY JI or CRY J2), dog dander, cat saliva, or dust mites.

[00124] In some cases, bicistronic LAMP constructs may include antigens useful in treatment of infectious diseases such as viral or bacterial diseases. In one example, bicistronic LAMP constructs may be used to treat coronavirus infections, such as from Covid-19.

[00125] Other diseases and / or disorders that can be treated with the bicistronic LAMP construct described herein include, for example, infectious disease and diabetes.

[00126] As used herein, the term “pharmaceutically acceptable carrier” encompasses any of the standard pharmaceutical carriers, such as a phosphate buffered saline solution, water, and emulsions, such as an oil / water orwater / oil emulsion, and various types of wetting agents. Compositions comprising nucleic acid molecules encoding the bicistronic LAMP constructs also can include stabilizers and preservatives. For examples of carriers, stabilizers and adjuvants, see Martin Remington's Pharm. Sci., 15th Ed. (Mack Publ. Co., Easton (1975)).

[00127] A cell has been “transformed”, “transduced”, or “transfected” by a nucleic acid molecule encoding a bicistronic LAMP construct when such a nucleic acid molecule has been introduced inside the cell. Transforming DNA may or may not be integrated (covalently linked) with chromosomal DNA making up the genome of the cell. In prokaryotes, yeast, and mammalian cells for example, the nucleic acid molecule encoding a bicistronic LAMP construct may be maintained on an episomal element, such as a plasmid. In a eukaryotic cell, a stably transformed cell is one in which the nucleic acid molecule encoding a bicistronic LAMP construct has become integrated into a chromosome so that it is inherited by daughter cells through chromosome replication. This stability is demonstrated by the ability of the eukaryotic cell to establish cell lines or clones comprised of a population of daughter cells containing the nucleic acid molecule. A “clone” is a population of cells derived from a single cell or common ancestor by mitosis. A “cell line” is a clone of a primary cell that is capable of stable growth in vitro for many generations (e.g., at least 10).

[00128] As used herein, an “effective amount” or “therapeutically effective amount” is an amount sufficient to affect beneficial or desired results, e.g., to treat a subject or induce an immune response in a subject.

[00129] An “antibody” is any immunoglobulin, including antibodies and fragments thereof, that binds a specific antigen. The term encompasses polyclonal, monoclonal, and chimeric antibodies (e.g., bispecific antibodies). An “antibody combining site” is that structural portion of an antibody molecule comprised of heavy and light chain variable and hypervariable regions that specifically binds antigen. Exemplary antibody molecules are intact immunoglobulin molecules, substantially intact immunoglobulin molecules, and those portions of an immunoglobulin molecule that contains the paratope, including Fab, Fab', F(ab')2 and F(v) portions. Thus, the term antibody encompasses not only whole antibody molecules, but also antibody fragments as well as variants (including derivatives such as fusion proteins) of antibodies and antibody fragments. Examples of molecules which are described by the term “antibody” in this application include, but are not limited to: single chain Fvs (scFvs), Fab fragments, Fab' fragments, F(ab')2, disulfide linked Fvs (sdFvs), Fvs, and fragments comprising or alternatively consisting of, either a VL or a VH domain. The term “single chain Fv” or “scFv” as used herein refers to a polypeptide comprising a VL domain of an antibody linked to a VH domain of an antibody. See Carter (2006) Nature Rev. Immunol. 6:243.

[00130] Additionally, antibodies that may be generated using the nucleic acid molecule encoding a bicistronic LAMP construct described herein include, but are not limited to, monoclonal, multi-specific, bi-specific, human, humanized, mouse, or chimeric antibodies, single chain antibodies, camelid antibodies, Fab fragments, F(ab') fragments, anti-idiotypic (anti-Id) antibodies (including, e.g., anti-Id antibodies to antibodies of the disclosure), domain antibodies and epitope-binding fragments of any of the above. The immunoglobulin molecules can be of any type (e.g., IgG, IgE, IgM, IgD, IgA and IgY), class (e.g., IgGl, IgG2, IgG3, IgG4, IgAl and IgA2) or subclass of immunoglobulin molecule.

[00131] As used herein, “human” antibodies include antibodies having the amino acid sequence of a human immunoglobulin and include antibodies isolated from human immunoglobulin libraries and xenomice or other organisms that have been genetically engineered to produce human antibodies. The nucleic acid molecules encoding a bicistronic LAMP construct described herein can be used in combination with known techniques for generating human antibodies and human monoclonal antibodies as described in the exemplified protocols, see, e.g., PCT publications WO 98 / 24893; WO 92 / 01047; WO 96 / 34096; WO 96 / 33735; European Patent No. 0 598 877; U.S. Patent Nos. 5,413,923; 5,625,126; 5,633,425; 5,569,825; 5,661,016; 5,545,806; 5,814,318; 5,885,793; 5,916,771; and 5,939,598; and Lonberg and Huszar, Int. Rev. Immunol. 13:65-93 (1995).

[00132] Human antibodies or “humanized” chimeric monoclonal antibodies can be produced using the nucleic acid molecules encoding bicistronic LAMP constructs in combination with techniques described herein or otherwise known in the art. For example, standard methods for producing chimeric antibodies are known in the art. See, for review the following references: Morrison, Science 229:1202 (1985); Oi et al., BioTechniques 4:214 (1986); Cabilly et al., U.S. Patent No. 4,816,567; Taniguchi et al., EP 171496; Morrison et al., EP 173494; Neuberger et al., WO 8601533; Robinson et al., WO 8702671; Boulianne et al., Nature 312:643 (1984); Neuberger et al., Nature 314:268 (1985).

[00133] Antibodies that may be generated using a nucleic acid molecule encoding a bicistronic LAMP construct described herein may be monovalent, bivalent, trivalent or multivalent. For example, monovalent scFvs can be multimerized either chemically or by association with another protein or substance. A scFv that is fused to a hexahistidine tag or a Flag tag can be multimerized using Ni-NTA agarose (Qiagen) or using anti-Flag antibodies (Stratagene, Inc.). Additionally, the nucleic acid molecule encoding a bicistronic LAMP construct can be used to generate monospecific, bispecific, trispecific or of greater multispecificity for the encoded antigen(s) contained in the bicistronic LAMP construct. See, e.g., PCT publications WO 93 / 17715; WO 92 / 08802; WO 91 / 00360; WO 92 / 05793; Tutt, et al., J. Immunol. 147:60-69 (1991); U.S. Patent Nos. 4,474,893; 4,714,681; 4,925,648; 5,573,920; 5,601,819; Kostelny et.al., J. Immunol. 148:1547-1553 (1992).

[00134] An “epitope” is a structure, usually made up of a short peptide sequence or oligosaccharide, that is specifically recognized or specifically bound by a component of the immune system. T-cell epitopes have generally been shown to be linear oligopeptides. Two epitopes correspond to each other if they can be specifically bound by the same antibody. Two epitopes correspond to each other if both are capable of binding to the same B cell receptor or to the same T cell receptor, and binding of one antibody to its epitope substantially prevents binding by the other epitope (e.g., less than about 30%, preferably, less than about 20%, and more preferably, less than about 10%, 5%, 1%, or about 0.1% of the other epitope binds). It will be understood by the one of ordinary skill in the art that multiple epitopes can make up an antigen.

[00135] The term “antigen presenting cell” as used herein includes any cell which presents on its surface an antigen in association with a major histocompatibility complex molecule, or portion thereof, or, alternatively, one or more non-classical MHC molecules, or a portion thereof. Examples of suitable APCs are discussed in detail below and include, but are not limited to, whole cells such as macrophages, dendritic cells, B cells, hybrid APCs, and foster antigen presenting cells.

[00136] As used herein an “engineered antigen-presenting cell” refers to an antigen-presenting cell that has a non-natural molecular moiety on its surface. For example, such a cell may not naturally have a costimulator on its surface or may have an additional artificial costimulator in addition to a natural costimulator on its surface, or may express a non-natural class II molecule on its surface. In some embodiments, the engineered antigen-presenting cell has the antigen expressed from the bicistronic LAMP construct on its surface.

[00137] As used herein, “immune effector cells” refers to cells capable of binding an antigen and which mediate an immune response. These cells include, but are not limited to, T cells, B cells, monocytes, macrophages, NK cells and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs), for example CTL lines, CTL clones, and CTLs from tumor, inflammatory, or other infiltrates.

[00138] As used herein, “partially human” refers to a nucleic acid having sequences from both a human and a non-human vertebrate. In the context of partially human sequences, the partially human nucleic acids have sequences of human immunoglobulin coding regions and sequences based on the non-coding sequences of the endogenous immunoglobulin region of the nonhuman vertebrate. The term “based on” when used with reference to endogenous non-coding sequences from a non-human vertebrate refers to sequences that correspond to the non-coding sequence and share a relatively high degree of homology with the non-coding sequences of the endogenous loci of the host vertebrate, e.g., the non-human vertebrate from which the ES cell is derived. Preferably, the non-coding sequences share at least an 80%, more preferably 90% homology with the corresponding non-coding sequences found in the endogenous loci of the non-human vertebrate host cell into which a partially human molecule comprising the noncoding sequences has been introduced.

[00139] The term “immunoglobulin variable region” as used herein refers to a nucleotide sequence that encodes all or a portion of a variable region of an antibody molecule or all or a portion of a regulatory nucleotide sequence that controls expression of an antibody molecule. Immunoglobulin regions for heavy chains may include but are not limited to all or a portion of the V, D, J, and switch regions, including introns. Immunoglobulin region for light chains may include but are not limited to the V and J regions, their upstream flanking sequences, introns, associated with or adjacent to the light chain constant region gene.

[00140] By “transgenic animal” is meant a non-human animal, usually a mammal, having an exogenous nucleic acid sequence present as an extrachromosomal element in a portion of its cells or stably integrated into its germ line DNA (i.e., in the genomic sequence of most or all of its cells). In generating a transgenic animal comprising human sequences, a partially human nucleic acid is introduced into the germ line of such transgenic animals by genetic manipulation of, for example, embryos or embryonic stem cells of the host animal according to methods well known in the art.

[00141] A “vector” includes plasmids and viruses and any DNA or RNA molecule, whether selfreplicating or not, which can be used to transform or transfect a cell.

[00142] As used herein, a “genetic modification” refers to any addition, deletion or disruption to a cell's normal nucleotides. Art recognized methods include viral mediated gene transfer, liposome mediated transfer, transformation, transfection and transduction, e.g., viral-mediated gene transfer such as the use of the nucleic acid molecules encoding bicistronic LAMP constructs based on DNA viruses such as adenovirus, adeno-associated virus and herpes virus, as well as retroviral based vectors.

[00143] The practice of the present disclosure employs in certain aspects, unless otherwise indicated, conventional molecular biology, microbiology, and recombinant DNA techniques within the skill of the art. Such techniques are explained fully in the literature. See, e.g., Maniatis, Fritsch & Sambrook, In Molecular Cloning: A Laboratory Manual (1982); DNA Cloning: A Practical Approach, Volumes I and II (D. N. Glover, ed., 1985); Oligonucleotide Synthesis (M. J. Gait, ed., 1984); Nucleic Acid Hybridization (B. D. Hames & S. J. Higgins, eds., 1985); Transcription and Translation (B. D. Hames & S. I. Higgins, eds., 1984); Animal Cell Culture (R. I. Freshney, ed., 1986); Immobilized Cells and Enzymes (IRL Press, 1986); B. Perbal, A Practical Guide to Molecular Cloning (1984).

[00144] Unless defined otherwise, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this disclosure belongs. All publications mentioned herein are incorporated by reference for the purpose of describing and disclosing devices, formulations and methodologies that may be used in connection with the presently described disclosure. B. Exemplary LAMP-Antigen Fusion Polypeptides

[00145] The following are representative embodiments:

[00146] An isolated nucleic acid encoding a bicistronic LAMP construct, i.e. encoding a LAMPantigen fusion protein (a LAMP Construct) and an immune enhancing protein such that both are expressed in a host cell or subject. In some cases, a nucleic acid herein may encode a multicistronic construct if a third polypeptide is also expressed, for example.

[00147] In some cases, the antigen is a target antigen for a particular disease or disorder. In some cases, the immune enhancing protein is a polypeptide or polypeptide domain, e.g., an extracellular domain, from an IREG, optionally fused to a further molecule such as an Fc domain of an immunoglobulin. In some cases, the immune enhancing protein may be secreted, and thus is operably linked to a secretory signal sequence. In some cases, the LAMP-antigen fusion protein may have the backbone structure of any one of ILC-1, ILC-2, ILC-3, ILC-4, ILC-5 or ILC-6 of Figure 1 herein. In some cases, it has the backbone structure of ILC-4. In some cases, the LAMP-antigen construct comprises the antigen placed between two homology domains of a luminal domain of a LAMP protein. In other cases, the antigen is placed at the before the N-terminus of a LAMP homology domain or after the C-terminus of a LAMP homology domain but prior to a LAMP transmembrane domain. As used herein, the LAMP protein can be selected from LAMP-1, LAMP2, LAMP-3, LIMP 2, Macrosialin, Endolyn, LAMP5 or LIMBIC. In additional embodiments, the LAMP protein is selected from an amino acid sequence having at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100% sequence identity to any one of the amino acid SEQ ID NOS: 1-113. In some cases, the LAMP protein is LAMP-1.

[00148] In some cases, the LAMP components include, in addition to at least two homology domains of LAMP, a transmembrane domain of LAMP or of a heterologous protein, as well as optionally a signal sequence of LAMP or a heterologous protein, and in some cases a cytoplasmic domain of LAMP. In some such cases, the LAMP protein is LAMP-1.

[00149] In particular, LAMP-1, as deduced from a cDNA clone (Chen, et al., J. Biol. Chern. 263: 8754, 1988) consists of a polypeptide core of about 382 amino acids with a large (346-residue) luminal amino-terminal domain followed by a 24-residue hydrophobic transmembrane region and short (12-residue) carboxyl-terminal cytoplasmic tail. See, Fig. 2A and Fig. 2B. The luminal domain is highly glycosylated, being substituted with about 20 asparagine linked complex-type oligosaccharides and consists of two approximately 160-residue “homology domains” that are separated by a proline / serine-rich 22-residue “hinge” region. Each of these “homology domains” contains 4 uniformly spaced cysteine residues, disulfide bonded to form four 36-38-residue loops symmetrically placed within the two halves of the luminal domain (Arterburn, et al., J. Biol. Chern. 265: 7419, 1990; see, also Chen, et al., J. Biol. Chern. 25: 263(18): 8754-8, 1988). Fig. 2A schematically shows the conserved domains between LAMP-1, LAMP-2, LAMP-3, Endolyn, LIMBIC, LAMP5, or Macrosialin.

[00150] Previously reported LAMP constructs comprised the following elements in this specific arrangement: (a) a full luminal domain of LAMP-1 protein, the antigen and then the full transmembrane / cytoplasmic tail of LAMP-1 protein; or (b) the antigen and the full transmembrane / cytoplasmic tail of a LAMP-1 protein.

[00151] In example (a), the antigenic sequence is inserted in between the full luminal domain of a LAMP-1 protein and the LAMP-1 full transmembrane domain / cytoplasmic tail. Both constructs have been shown to successfully target an antigenic sequence to the lysosome / endosome and will be referred to as “complete LAMP Constructs” as shown in Fig. 1 as compared to the improved LAMP Constructs ILC-l-ILC-6 described herein. The bicistronic LAMP constructs described herein do not include the complete LAMP Constructs. Instead, the bicistronic LAMP constructs described herein may comprise at least one antigen fused to the N-terminus of the luminal domain of a LAMP protein, the N- or C- terminus of at least one homology domain of a LAMP protein, or the N- or C-terminus of at least one Cysteine Conserved Fragment of a LAMP protein (see, for example ILC-l-ILC-6 of Fig. 1). However, some bicistronic LAMP constructs comprise at least one antigen fused between a first homology domain of a LAMP protein and a second homology domain of a LAMP protein (or at least between two Cysteine Conserved Fragments) (see, for example, ILC-4 of Fig. 1). For example, the at least one antigen may be placed in, or may replace, the LAMP hinge region. In some embodiments, this construct also comprises a transmembrane domain of a LAMP protein, and / or the cytosolic tail of a LAMP protein.

[00152] Specifically, in some embodiments, the bicistronic LAMP constructs comprise two homology domains (e.g., ILC-4 of Fig. 1). In some embodiments, these constructs also comprise a transmembrane domain of a LAMP protein, and / or the cytosolic tail of a LAMP protein. In other embodiments, when an antigen contains a transmembrane domain, the transmembrane domain of a LAMP protein and / or the cytosolic tail of a LAMP protein is unnecessary. In further other embodiments, the two homology domains are derived from a LAMP-1, LAMP-2, LAMP-3, or an Endolyn protein. Alternatively, the two homology domains are derived from different LAMP proteins. In these constructs comprising two homology domains, a LAMP hinge domain may also be included.

[00153] In cases in which the LAMP-antigen portion of the bicistronic LAMP construct comprises an ILC-4 structure (as shown in Fig. 1), such as wherein the first polynucleotide sequence of the LAMP construct comprises or encodes a polypeptide comprising two homology domains of a luminal domain of a LAMP protein, and an antigenic domain heterologous to the LAMP protein, wherein the antigenic domain is placed between the two homology domains, the two LAMP protein homology domains may be chosen from the homology domain 1 and homology domain 2 amino acid sequences as shown in Fig. 3, derived from SEQ ID NOs: 1113, or amino acid sequences that are at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98% or at least 99% identical to those sequences, for example. Thus, for example, where the LAMP in such a construct is LAMP-1, a native human LAMP-1 homology domain 1 and homology domain 2 may surround the antigenic domain of the LAMP-antigen construct. In some cases, the homology domains may comprise amino acid residues 29-194 and 228-381 of SEQ ID NO: 1, or amino acid sequences that are at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98% or at least 99% identical to those sequences, or one of the sequences of such domains depicted in Figs. 2A and 3, or residues 29-195 of SEQ ID NOs: 198 and 202, for example. Where the construct is a polynucleotide, the construct may further encode a signal sequence prior to the start of the LAMP homology domain 1 coding sequence, for example residues 1-28 of SEQ ID NO: 1 or the signal sequences depicted otherwise in Fig. 2A and Fig. 3, or for example residues 1-28 of SEQ ID NO: 198. In some cases, a heterologous (i.e. nonLAMP) signal sequence may also be used. Therefore, in some embodiments, the first homology domain of LAMP comprises a polypeptide sequence with at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or with 100% sequence identity of residues 29 to the C-terminal of SEQ ID NO: 198 or residues 29-194 of SEQ ID NO: 1. In some cases, a LAMP signal sequence such as residues 1-28 of SEQ NO: 198 or SEQ ID NO: 1 may also be included. In some cases, the second homology domain of LAMP comprises a polypeptide sequence with at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or with 100% sequence identity of SEQ ID NO: 202 or residues 228-381 of SEQ ID NO: 1. In some cases, a LAMP transmembrane domain may be included, such as depicted in Figs. 2A and 3, i.e., comprising residues 383-405 of SEQ ID NO:1, or comprising another native LAMP transmembrane domain sequence. In some cases, a cytoplasmic tail of LAMP may also be included, such as comprising residues 406-417 of SEQ ID NO: 1, or as depicted in Figs. 2A and 3, or otherwise comprising a native LAMP cytoplasmic tail sequence.

[00154] In some other embodiments, the bicistronic LAMP constructs comprise at least one antigen fused to the C-terminus of a single homology domain of a LAMP protein or a single Cysteine Conserved Fragment of a LAMP protein. See, for example, ILC-3 and ILC-5 of Fig. 1. In some embodiments, these constructs also comprise a transmembrane domain of a LAMP protein, and / or the cytosolic tail of a LAMP protein. In other embodiments, when an antigen contains a transmembrane domain, the transmembrane domain of a LAMP protein and / or the cytosolic tail of a LAMP protein is unnecessary.

[00155] The bicistronic LAMP constructs described above can be generated using the domains defined in the Figures. For example, it is specifically contemplated that the domains included in the bicistronic LAMP constructs illustrated in Fig. 1, for example, can originate from sequences derived from orthologous sequences. See, Figs. 3-10 for example. It is expressly contemplated that the equivalent domains defined in Fig. 2A and Fig. 2B be used to generate the bicistronic LAMP constructs using the vector backbones illustrated in Fig. 1 for orthologous sequences. Moreover, the orthologous sequences shown in Figs. 3-10 are representative of the sequences that can be used to generate the domains. It is well within the skill in the art to identify other orthologous sequences and / or isotypes and comparing them to the alignments shown in Figs. 310. Thus, by identifying the equivalent boundaries defined in Fig. 2A and Fig. 2B for a human LAMP protein with the alignments shown in Figs. 3-10, one can generate the bicistronic LAMP constructs described herein.

[00156] As would be well understood by the skilled artisan, the boundaries of each domain are an approximation and may be adjusted at least 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10 amino acids based on cloning considerations and restriction enzyme placement. Therefore, when a particular domain (e.g., a LAMP Homology Domain) is included in the bicistronic LAMP construct, the amino acids beginning and ending of the domain may be adjust by at least 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10 amino acids as those boundaries defined in Fig. 2A.

[00157] Each of the bicistronic LAMP constructs described herein can additionally comprise a signal sequence and / or additional amino acids in between each domain for cloning purposes as is well known in the art. Additionally, the LAMP homologous domains, the LAMP luminal domain, the LAMP transmembrane domain, and / or the LAMP cytosolic tail domain can originate from the same LAMP protein (e.g., human LAMP-1) or different LAMP proteins (e.g., luminal domain from human LAMP-1 and transmembrane domain from human LAMP-2, and / or mixing of orthologous domains in the same gene family (e.g., LAMP-1) or different gene family (LAMP-1 and LAMP-2).

[00158] Polypeptide variants of the described LAMP Constructs are contemplated. For example, polypeptides at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98% or at least 99% identity to any of the bicistronic LAMP constructs described herein as well as polynucleotides encoding these variants. Variants of the bicistronic LAMP constructs retain the ability to function by targeting the antigenic sequence to the lysosome. For example, a modified luminal sequence must retain the ability to traffic both membrane and non-membrane antigenic materials to an endosomal compartment with at least 50%, at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 90%, or 100% efficacy compared to the original domain sequence, i.e., an efficacy that results in sufficient antigen presentation by a cell comprising the chimeric sequence for it to mount an immune response. In one aspect, sequences containing a suitable trafficking signal may be identified by constructing a bicistronic LAMP construct containing the well-characterized antigenic domain of ovalbumin, a transmembrane domain, and the cytoplasmic domain of a protein containing a putative lysosomal / endosomal targeting signal. Efficiency of targeting can be measured by determining the ability of antigen presenting cells, expressing the bicistronic LAMP construct, to stimulate HA epitope-specific, MHC class II restricted T-cells (see, e.g., Example 5 of U.S. Pat. No. 5,633,234).

[00159] Polynucleotides encoding any of the described bicistronic LAMP constructs are some embodiments of the disclosure, along with polynucleotides at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, 96%, 97%, 98% or 99% identity to any of the bicistronic LAMP construct polynucleotides described herein. Variants of the bicistronic LAMP constructs retain the ability to function by targeting the antigenic sequence to the lysosome. For example, a modified luminal sequence must retain the ability to traffic both membrane and non-membrane antigenic materials to an endosomal compartment with at least 50%, at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 80%, at least 90%, or at least 100% efficacy compared to the original domain sequence, i.e., an efficacy that results in sufficient antigen presentation by a cell comprising the chimeric sequence for it to mount an immune response. In one aspect, sequences containing a suitable trafficking signal may be identified by constructing a bicistronic LAMP construct containing the well-characterized antigenic domain of ovalbumin, a transmembrane domain, and the cytoplasmic domain of a protein containing a putative lysosomal / endosomal targeting signal. Efficiency of targeting can be measured by determining the ability of antigen presenting cells, expressing the bicistronic LAMP construct, to stimulate HA epitope-specific, MHC class II restricted T-cells (see, e.g., Example 5 of U.S. Pat. No. 5,633,234). C. Construction of Exemplary Bicistronic LAMP Constructs

[00160] Bicistronic LAMP constructs herein may be constructed, for example, from an isolated nucleotide sequence in which the promoter / enhancer and coding sequences for the LAMPantigen construct are followed or preceded in the nucleic acid by a second promoter / enhancer and coding sequences for a second polypeptide. In some cases, the second polypeptide may be a polypeptide intended to enhance an immune response, i.e., a protein or extracellular domain of a protein expressed from an immune response enhancing gene (IREG). In some cases, the second polypeptide may be secreted, and thus the nucleotide may include an appropriate secretory signal sequence for the second polypeptide, which may be already included in the polypeptide coding sequence, or which may be from a different protein. In some cases the second polypeptide is a fusion protein, such as an extracellular domain or complete IREG polypeptide fused to another polypeptide sequence such as an Fc domain of an immunoglobulin, a further antigen, or the like.

[00161] As described below, the antigen in the LAMP-antigen construct used in the bicistronic LAMP constructs may be a target antigen for an infectious disease such as a viral spike protein, or it could alternatively be a cancer antigen such as a polypeptide overexpressed in certain tumors or tumor cells.

[00162] For example, as described in the Examples below, certain bicistronic LAMP proteins were made using a spike protein or spike protein subunit from a SARS Co-V2 virus as well as using a cancer antigen such as a HER2 extracellular domain, or using NY-ESO1 or CD161. Thus, in some embodiments, the LAMP-antigen construct comprises LAMP fused to a cancer antigen or viral spike protein antigen. Coding regions for such antigens may, in some cases, be combined with an IREG coding region. Examples of IREGs include certain cytokines or immune proteins, such as CD40L, CD80, OX40, Flt3L, GM-CSF, IL-12, IL-21, IL-23, IL-15, CD70, CD86, IL-7, IL-18, or IL-33. In some embodiments, the IREG comprises a homologous or heterologous secretory signal sequence coding region so that the second polypeptide is secreted when expressed.

[00163] As described in the Examples that follow, the following bicistronic LAMP constructs were constructed: (1) HER2-LAMP-sCD40L (Fig. 11; SEQ ID NO: 197), (2) HER2-LAMP-mFLT3L (SEQ ID NO: 208), (3) HER2-LAMP-IL-12 (SEQ ID NO: 212), (4) HER2-LAMP-IL-21 (SEQ ID NO: 216), (5) HER2-LAMP-OX40L (SEQ ID NO: 241), (6) HER2-LAMP-CD80 (SEQ ID NO: 251), (7) NY-ESO1-LAMP-IL-15 (SEQ ID NO: 222), (8) CD161-LAMP-sCD40L (SEQ ID NO: 235), (9) Spike-LAMP-sCD40L (2-V Covid vaccine; SEQ ID NO: 230), and (10) ITI-COVID-19 bicistronic vaccine (ITI-Bicistronic-Sl-LAMP-RBG pA-EF2-S2P BHG pA; first generation COVID-19 vaccine; SEQ ID NO: 228). Sequences for these constructs and their components are provided in the table below.

[00164] For example, a viral vector can be constructed comprising a first polynucleotide sequence to generate the different structures ILC-1 to ILC-6 shown in Fig. 1, including the structure of ILC-4 that was present in some embodiments or similar structures comprising a first antigen of interest (a priming antigen) in, or replacing, the LAMP hinge region between first and second homology domains of a LAMP protein (or at least between two Cysteine Conserved Fragments). The LAMP domains illustrated in Fig. 1 were derived from the amino acid sequences shown in Figs. 3-10. Corresponding domains can also be cloned from the orthologous sequences by identifying the equivalent domains when compared to the human sequence. An antigen of interest (including one or more antigens of interest) can be cloned into the described LAMP construct either individually or in combination. The viral vector can also be constructed to encode an expression cassette comprising the second polynucleotide sequence encoding an IREG or a second antigen, which may be operably linked to a secretion signal sequence.

[00165] The relatively “compact” size of the ILC-4 LAMP construct is advantageous in some embodiments inasmuch as it may reduce size constraints associated with including a second polynucleotide sequence. Moreover, as described in the abovementioned US Patent No. 11,203,629, ILC-4 LAMP constructs have been found to provide stronger immune responses (e.g., stronger T-cell and / or antibody responses) than other LAMP constructs tested. Thus, in some embodiments, the bicistronic LAMP construct is uses an ILC-4 design, i.g., comprises an ILC-4 LAMP-antigen construct general structure.

[00166] In some embodiments, an isolated nucleic acid, e.g. a vector or vaccine, comprising expression cassettes, that encodes the bicistronic LAMP construct is a DNA vector, while in other cases it is an RNA vector, including a self-amplifying RNA vector. D. Antigens for Use in Bicistronic LAMP Constructs 1. SARS-CoV-2 Viral Antigens and Bicistronic Constructs

[00167] In some embodiments, the antigen in a LAMP-antigen construct may comprise an antigen from a SARS CoV2 or other viral infectious agent, such as a viral spike protein. In some cases, a bicistronic construct may also express a second antigen from the same infectious agent for secretion. In other cases, the bicistronic construct may express an IREG polypeptide as a second polypeptide.

[00168] In one particular example, a first generation vector was constructed for use as a vaccine against the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2 virus, otherwise known as COVID-19). Except for generation neutralizing antibodies by an effective vaccine, T cells are an important component of naturally acquired protective immunity to many infectious diseases, many vaccines and vaccines in-development against viral infections are often to elicit virusspecific T cell responses that have the potential to activate innate immunity, have direct effector functions, as well as help the antibody responses, which can be used as preventive and therapeutic propose.

[00169] In order to induce both T cell and antibody responses to prevent the infection of SARS-Cov-2 or reduce symptoms associated with infection, a vector was designed, in which two viral proteins were expressed separately. The first fusion protein composed of LAMP and viral spike SI subunit protein aimed to elicit rapid and robust Sl-specific CD4+ T cell responses. The second protein was full-length spike protein with two proline substitution, which was driven by an independent promoter Human elongation factor-1 alpha (EFl) and also had a sequence peptide (IgK SP) on its N-terminus.54nub design enabled the generation of prefusion-stabilized spike protein and its secretion to present the antigens to B cells. The robust Sl-specific CD4 T cells elicited by first promoter helped not only the function of CD8 T cell but also potentiated the neutralizing antibodies to SARS-Cov-2. (See Figs. 28A-C for description of the vector.)

[00170] The first generation ITI-COVID-19 bicistronic vaccine encodes for the expression of the SI and S2 subunits of the virus surface-anchored spike glycoprotein. The SI and S2 subunits of spike mediate entry of the SARS-CoV-2 virus into a host cell. Using a nucleic acid molecule for an ILC-4 LAMP construct, the SI coding sequence (GenBank MN908974) was located between the polynucleotide sequences encoding two LAMP homology domains (N-Lamp and Luminal domain 2). The SI coding sequence was operably linked to a CMV promoter under the influence of a CMV enhancer sequence, so that expression in a host cell resulted in an ILC-4 LAMP construct comprising the SI antigen for processing and presentation to MHC class II molecules (i.e., to provide the “priming antigen”). The S2 coding sequence was provided elsewhere on the vector and was operably linked to a polynucleotide sequence encoding an Ig-kappa secretion signal (leader sequence) and an EFl promoter sequence, so that expression in a host cell resulted in an S2 antigen for secretion (i.e., to provide the “boosting antigen”). The vector thereby provided a single nucleic acid molecule for introduction into a suitable host or target cell capable of providing both priming and boosting antigens to elicit an enhanced immune response. This may therefore confer a significant advantage over the use of a vector which only encodes a bicistronic LAMP construct inasmuch as any desire or requirement to enhance the immune response elicited by the LAMP construct will require the administration of a separately administered booster vaccine (e.g., comprising the antigen) at one or more time intervals.

[00171] A second generation COVID-19 vector, Spike-LAMP-sCD40L, was later designed and tested, as described in Examples 1 and 2 below, and was found to have unexpectedly even higher immune response to the first generation vector. This second generation vector encodes a LAMP-antigen sequence as provided in SEQ ID NO: 229 in an ILC-4 format, in which the particular Spike was derived from the Bl.351 variant. It is to be understood that, as COVID-19 evolves further, other variant Spike antigens could be used to replace the one used for this vector. And, instead of a second COVID-19 antigen as a second polypeptide, this second generation vector encodes a fusion protein of lung surfactant binding protein D (SPD) and CD40L extracellular domain, as provided in SEQ ID NO: 233.

[00172] It is to be understood that variants of such isolated nucleic acids are encompassed herein, in which the LAMP-antigen construct comprises a COVID-19 Spike protein or similar viral antigen protein and an IREG polypeptide, such as an SPD-CD40L or an extracellular domain or complete protein sequence of another IREG such as CD80, OX40, Flt3L, GM-CSF, IL-12, IL-21, IL-23, IL-15, CD70, CD86, IL-7, IL-18, or IL-33, which can in some cases optionally be further fused to a domain such as an immunoglobulin Fc domain. Linkers may also be present between the domains of the first or second polypeptide in some embodiments. And in some embodiments, the second polypeptide may be secreted, and thus operably linked to a secretory signal sequence. a) Exemplary Spike Protein Sequences

[00173] In some embodiments, a LAMP-antigen construct may comprise an infectious disease antigen, such as a bacterial or viral antigen. In some embodiments, the viral antigen is a spike protein or domain of a spike protein. In some cases, the viral antigen is derived from a coronavirus, such as a SARS virus, such as SARS-CoV-2 (COVID-19) virus. In some embodiments, an antigen used in a bicistronic construct herein is selected from antigens encoded by the SARS-CoV-2 virus, such as the SI spike subunit or S2 spike subunit. Examples of such SI spike subunit include, but are not limited to an amino acid sequence at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100% sequence identity of SEQ ID NO: 118 and / or an amino acid sequence at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100% sequence identity of SEQ ID NO: 119 or SEQ ID NO: 231. In some embodiments, the bicistronic construct comprises a polynucleotide encoding an amino acid sequence at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99% sequence identity of SEQ ID NO: 229. In some embodiments, the bicistronic construct comprises a polynucleotide comprising at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99% sequence identity of SEQ ID NO: 232.

[00174] In some cases, the corresponding second polypeptide expressed by the bicistronic construct is an IREG polypeptide, such as an SPD-CD40L or an extracellular domain or complete protein sequence of another IREG such as CD80, 0X40, Flt3L, GM-CSF, IL-12, IL-21, IL-23, IL-15, CD70, CD86, IL-7, IL-18, or IL-33, which can in some cases optionally be further fused to a domain such as an immunoglobulin Fc domain. 2.    Cancer-Related Antigens

[00175] In other embodiments, the LAMP-antigen construct may comprise a cancer antigen. Candidates for cancer immunotherapy, using the vaccines comprising the bicistronic LAMP construct described herein, would be any patient with a cancer such as, for example, patients with documented Epstein-Barr virus associated lymphomas, patients with HPV associated cervical carcinomas, patients with chronic HCV, or patients with a defined re-arrangement or mutation in an oncogene or tumor suppressor gene.

[00176] In some embodiments, cancers that can be treated using the vaccines comprising the bicistronic LAMP construct described herein include, but are not limited to all stages of progression, including hyperplasia of an adenocarcinoma, sarcoma, skin cancer, melanoma, Merkel cell carcinoma, bladder cancer, brain cancer, breast cancer, uterine cancer, ovarian cancer, prostate cancer, lung cancer (including, but not limited to NSCLC, SCLC, squamous cell cancer), colorectal cancer, anal cancer, rectal cancer, cervical cancer, liver cancer, head and neck cancer, oral cancer, salivary gland cancer, esophageal cancer, pancreatic (pancreas) cancer, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA), renal cancer, stomach cancer, kidney cancer, multiple myeloma or cerebral cancer.

[00177] It is envisioned that therapy with a vaccine composition comprising a nucleic acid molecule as described herein could be utilized at any period during the course of the individual's cancer, once it is identified. It is also possible that in high-risk patients, vaccination in order to prevent the subsequent emergence of a cancer.

[00178] Examples of such cancer antigens include HER2, CD161, and NY-ESO1, or their extracellular domains. a) HER2

[00179] In some embodiments, a LAMP-antigen construct comprises a HER2 antigen. In some cases, the HER2 antigen comprises an extracellular domain (ECD) portion of HERA In some cases, the antigen is selected from an amino acid sequence at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or with 100% sequence identity of SEQ ID NO: 200. In some embodiments, the HER2 antigen coding nucleotide sequence has at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99% sequence identity of SEQ ID NO: 201.

[00180] In some embodiments, a HER2-LAMP-antigen construct encodes an amino acid sequence at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or with 100% sequence identity of SEQ ID NO: 195. In some embodiments, a LAMP-antigen construct encodes a HER2-LAMP and comprises a nucleotide sequence at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or with 100% sequence identity of SEQ ID NO: 196. In some embodiments, the HER2-LAMP antigen construct has a nucleotide coding sequence at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or with 100% sequence identity of SEQ ID NO: 199 followed by SEQ ID NO: 201 followed by SEQ ID NO: 203. In some embodiments, the HER2-LAMP antigen construct has a polypeptide sequence at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or with 100% sequence identity of SEQ ID NO: 198 followed by SEQ ID NO: 200 followed by SEQ ID NO: 202, optionally with one or two linker sequences between these segments.

[00181] In some cases, the corresponding second polypeptide expressed by the bicistronic construct is an IREG polypeptide, such as an SPD-CD40L or an extracellular domain or complete protein sequence of another IREG such as CD80, 0X40, Flt3L, GM-CSF, IL-12, IL-21, IL-23, IL-15, CD70, CD86, IL-7, IL-18, or IL-33, which can in some cases optionally be further fused to a domain such as an immunoglobulin Fc domain. b) NY-ESO1

[00182] In some embodiments, the LAMP-antigen construct comprises an antigen of NY-ESO1. Examples of such NY-ESO1 antigen sequences include, but are not limited to an amino acid sequence at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100% sequence identity of SEQ ID NO: 223. In some embodiments, the NY-ESO1 nucleotide coding sequence is at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100% sequence identity of SEQ ID NO: 224.

[00183] In some embodiments, the LAMP-antigen construct comprises: (a) a polynucleotide encoding an amino acid sequence at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99% sequence identity of SEQ ID NO: 221. In some embodiments, the LAMP-antigen construct coding sequence is at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or with 100% sequence identity of SEQ ID NO: 199 followed by SEQ ID NO: 224 followed by SEQ ID NO: 203.

[00184] In some cases, the corresponding second polypeptide expressed by the bicistronic construct is an IREG polypeptide, such as an IL-15 or an extracellular domain or complete protein sequence of another IREG such as CD40, CD80, 0X40, Flt3L, GM-CSF, IL-12, IL-21, IL-23, CD70, CD86, IL-7, IL-18, or IL-33, which can in some cases optionally be further fused to a domain such as an immunoglobulin Fc domain. c) CD161

[00185] In some embodiments, the LAMP-antigen construct includes an antigen of CD161, such as an ECD of CD161. Examples of such CD161 sequences include, but are not limited to an amino acid sequence at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100% sequence identity of SEQ ID NO: 236. In some embodiments, a CD161 ECD nucleotide coding sequence is at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100% sequence identity of SEQ ID NO: 237.

[00186] In some embodiments, the LAMP-antigen construct comprises: (a) a polynucleotide encoding an amino acid sequence at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99% sequence identity of SEQ ID NO: 234. In some embodiments, the LAMP-antigen construct coding sequence is at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or with 100% sequence identity of SEQ ID NO: 199 followed by SEQ ID NO: 237 followed by SEQ ID NO: 203.

[00187] In some cases, the corresponding second polypeptide expressed by the bicistronic construct is an IREG polypeptide, such as an SPD-CD40L or an extracellular domain or complete protein sequence of another IREG such as CD80, 0X40, Flt3L, GM-CSF, IL-12, IL-21, IL-23, IL-15, CD70, CD86, IL-7, IL-18, or IL-33, which can in some cases optionally be further fused to a domain such as an immunoglobulin Fc domain. d) Additional Cancer Antigens

[00188] The following antigens shown in Table A can also be cloned into each of the bicistronic LAMP-antigen constructs described herein using techniques known to the skilled artisan. The sequences / fragments / epitopes described in the fourth column, for example, can be also cloned into the LAMP-antigen constructs as described herein. Moreover, any one of the cancer antigens listed in Table A can be combined with any other antigen listed in Table A including the sequences / fragments / epitopes described in the fourth column) and inserted into the LAMPantigen constructs as described herein. Or any one of the cancer antigens of Table A can be combined with any other cancer antigen described in the instant disclosure and inserted into the LAMP-antigen constructs herein.

[00189] In some cases, the corresponding second polypeptide expressed by the bicistronic construct that includes a cancer antigen from Table A is an IREG polypeptide, such as an SPD-CD40L or an extracellular domain or complete protein sequence of another IREG such as CD80, OX40, Flt3L, GM-CSF, IL-12, IL-21, IL-23, IL-15, CD70, CD86, IL-7, IL-18, or IL-33, which can in some cases optionally be further fused to a domain such as an immunoglobulin Fc domain. SEQ ID NO: Protein Name of Antigen Accession / Derived From Exemplary Epitopes / Fragments that can be cloned into the LAMP Constructs described herein, comprise at least: . . 254 Large T antigen YP_009111421 Amino acids 1-327 of SEQ ID NO:254, with or without mutations at amino acid 220, wherein the wild type serine is preferably replaced with an alanine (or other inactivating amino acid) (e.g., SEQ ID NO:255-256) so that phosphorylation of the Rb binding motif is inhibited as described in Sharma et al. 38, 1153-1162 (IJC 2016). Fragments of amino acids 1-327 of SEQ ID NO:254 are also contemplated, such as those exemplified as SEQ ID NO:255-256, so long as these fragments retain the ability to raise an antibody response to the Large T Antigen of Merkel cell polyomavirus (MCPyV). One example of a Large T antigen LAMP construct that may be used with a bicistronic construct herein is a construct of SEQ ID NO: 879 or 880. 255 Large T antigen YP_009111421 Amino acids 1-327 of SEQ ID NO: 254 wherein S220 is any amino acid (X) 256 Large T antigen YP_009111421 Amino acids 1-327 of SEQ ID NO: 254 wherein S220 is alanine (A) 257 Small T antigen YP_009111422 MCPyVgp4 small T antigen, full length and fragments. 258 MAGE-A10 UniProtKB: A0A024RC14 259 MAGE-A12 UniProtKB: P43365 260 MAGE-A1 UniProtKB: P43355 261 MAGE-A2 UniProtKB: P43356 262 MAGE-A3 UniProtKB: P43357 263 MAGE-A4 UniProtKB: A0A024RC12 264 MAGE-A4 UniProtKB: P43358 265 MAGE-A4 UniProtKB: Q1RN33 266 MAGE-A6 UniProtKB: A8K072 267 MAGE-A6 UniProtKB: P43360 WO 2023 / 201201                                                 PCT / US2023 / 065588 SEQ ID NO: Protein Name of Antigen Accession / Derived From Exemplary Epitopes / Fragments that can be cloned into the LAMP Constructs described herein, comprise at least: . . 268 MAGE-A6 UniProtKB: Q6FHI5 269 MAGE-A9 UniProtKB: P43362 270 MAGE-BIO UniProtKB: Q96LZ2 271 MAGE-B16 UniProtKB: A2A368 272 MAGE-B17 UniProtKB: A8MXT2 273 MAGE-_B1 UniProtKB: Q96TG1 274 MAGE-B2 UniProtKB: 015479 275 MAGE-B3 UniProtKB: 015480 276 MAGE-B4 UniProtKB: 015481 277 MAGE-B5 UniProtKB: Q9BZ81 278 MAGE-B6 UniProtKB: Q8N7X4 279 MAGE-CI UniProtKB: 060732 280 MAGE-C2 UniProtKB: Q9UBF1 281 MAGE-C3 UniProtKB: Q8TD91 282 MAGE-D1 UniProtKB: Q9Y5V3 283 MAGE-D2 UniProtKB: Q9UNF1 284 MAGE-D4 UniProtKB: Q96JG8 285 MAGE-_E1 UniProtKB: Q6IAI7 WO 2023 / 201201                                                 PCT / US2023 / 065588 SEQ ID NO: Protein Name of Antigen Accession / Derived From Exemplary Epitopes / Fragments that can be cloned into the LAMP Constructs described herein, comprise at least: . . 286 MAGE-E1_(MAGE1) UniProtKB: Q9HCI5 287 MAGE-E2 UniProtKB: Q8TD90 288 MAGE-F1 UniProtKB: Q9HAY2 289 MAGE-H1 UniProtKB: Q9H213 290 MAGEL2 UniProtKB: Q9UJ55 291-293 pp65 ABQ23593 Exemplary pp65 antigen sequences useful in pp65-LAMP constructs herein also include those comprising: LLQTGIHVRVSQPSL (SEQ ID NO: 291, pos 41-55) and / or ALPLKMLNIPSINVH (SEQ ID NO: 291, pos 115-129) and / or DQYVKVYLESFCEDV (SEQ ID NO: 291, pos 221-235) and / or IIKPGKISHIMLDVAFTSH (SEQ ID NO: 291, pos 281-299) and / or PQYSEHPTFTSQYRIQGKL (SEQ ID NO: 291, pos 361-379) and / or PPWQAGILARNLVPMV (SEQ ID NO: 291, pos 485-500) and / or KYQEFFWDANDIYRIFA (SEQ ID NO: 291, pos 509-525), wherein each epitope can be combined in any order and / or in any combination and cloned into a LAMP Construct described herein, wherein each epitope is optionally separated by a linker, such as, for example GPGPG (SEQ ID NO: 292, pos 36-40) or PMGLP (SEQ ID NO: 293, pos 36-40). Representative construct inserts are shown as SEQ ID NO:292 and SEQ ID NO:293 294-297 gB P06473 Exemplary gB antigen sequences herein also include those comprising: TTSAQTRSVYSQHVT (SEQ ID NO: 294, pos 44-58) and / or QLIPDDYSNTHSTRYV (SEQ ID NO: 294, pos 212-227) and / or VSVFETSGGLWFWQ (SEQ ID NO: 294, pos 418-432) and / or NSAYEYVDYLFKRMIDLS (SEQ ID NO: 294, pos 622-639), wherein each epitope can be combined in any order and / or in any combination and cloned into a LAMP Construct described herein, wherein each epitope is preferably separated by a linker, such as, for example GPGPG (SEQ ID NO: 296, pos 16-20) or PMGLP (SEQ ID NO: 297, pos 16-20). Representative construct inserts are shown as SEQ ID NO:296 and SEQ ID NO:297. WO 2023 / 201201                                                 PCT / US2023 / 065588 SEQ ID NO: Protein Name of Antigen Accession / Derived From Exemplary Epitopes / Fragments that can be cloned into the LAMP Constructs described herein, comprise at least: . . 298-300 IE1 P13202 Exemplary 1E1 antigen sequences also include those comprising: VLAELVI<QII<VRVDMVRHRII<EHMLI<I<YTQ (SEQ ID NO: 298, pos 81-110) and / or IVPEDKREMWMACIKELH (SEQ ID NO: 298, pos 158-175) and / or I<DELRRI<MMYMCYRNIEFFTI<NSAFPI<TT (SEQ ID NO: 298, pos 197-225) and / or SVMKRRIEEICMKVFAQYI (SEQ ID NO: 298, pos 337-355) and / or AIAEESDEEEAIVAY (SEQ ID NO: 298, pos 373-387) and / or VKSEPVSEIEEVAPEEEEDG (SEQ ID NO: 298, pos 449-468) wherein each epitope can be combined in any order and / or in any combination and cloned into a LAMP Construct described herein, wherein each epitope is preferably separated by a linker, such as, for example GPGPG (SEQ ID NO: 299, pos 31-35) or PMGLP (SEQ ID NO: 300, pos 31-35). Representative construct inserts are shown as SEQ ID NO:299 and SEQ ID NO:300. 301 Morphological transforming region II (“MTRII”), Human betaherpesvirus ”) AAA66543 302 Representative MTRII LAMP Construct Insert 303 Human betaherpesvirus 5 AMJ53524 304 US28 305 IGFBP2 NP_000588 Exemplary IGFBP2 antigen sequences also comprise amino acids 39-328 of SEQ ID NO:128; (b) amino acids 40-328 of SEQ ID NO:128; (c) amino acids 43-135 of SEQ ID NO:128; (d) amino acids 1-163 of SEQ ID NO:128; (e) amino acids 2-163 of SEQ ID NO:128; (f) amino acids 39-163 of SEQ ID NO:128; (g) amino acids 40-163 of SEQ ID NO:128; (h) ammo acids 229-309 of SEQ ID NO: 128; (i) amino acids 2-328 of SEQ ID NO:128; and / or (j) amino acids 1-328 of SEQ ID NO:128 WO 2023 / 201201                                                 PCT / US2023 / 065588 SEQ ID NO: Protein Name of Antigen Accession / Derived From Exemplary Epitopes / Fragments that can be cloned into the LAMP Constructs described herein, comprise at least: . . 306 HCMVA Viral interleukin-10 (“IL10”) P17150 307 Representative HCMVA Viral IL-10 LAMP Construct Insert 308 HCMVM Membrane glycoprotein UL144 (“UL144”) F5HAM0 309 Representative HCMV Membrane glycoprotein UL144 LAMP Construct Insert 310 HCMVM Protein UL141 (“UL141”) Q6RJQ3 311 Representative HCMV Protein UL141 LAMP Construct Insert 312 HCMVA Unique short US 11 glycoprotein (“US 11”) P09727 313 Representative HCMVA Unique Short US11 Glycoprotein LAMP Construct Insert WO 2023 / 201201                                                 PCT / US2023 / 065588 SEQ ID NO: Protein Name of Antigen Accession / Derived From Exemplary Epitopes / Fragments that can be cloned into the LAMP Constructs described herein, comprise at least: . . 314-317 HCMV Envelope glycoprotein H OS (“HOS”) A0A0G2TM81 Exemplary HCMV envelope glycoprotein HOS antigen sequences also include those comprising: TYNSSLRNSTWRENAISFNFFQSYNQYYVFHMPR (SEQ ID NO: 314, pos 60-94) and / or DLTETLERYQQRLNTYALVSKDLASYRSFS (SEQ ID NO: 314, pos 110-139) and / or SHTTSGLHRPHFNQTCILFD (SEQ ID NO: 314, pos 180-199) and / or QLNRHSYLKDPDFLDAALDF (SEQ ID NO: 314, pos 285-304), wherein each epitope can be combined in any order and / or in any combination and cloned into a LAMP Construct described herein, wherein each epitope is preferably separated by a linker, such as, for example GPGPG (SEQ ID NO: 316, pos 36-40) or PMGLP (SEQ ID NO: 317, pos 36-40). See, for instance SEQ ID NOs: 315-317. 318-320 HCMVT Viral transcription factor IE2 (“IE2”) Q6SWP7 Exemplary IE2 antigen sequences also include those comprising:RRGRVKIDEVSRMFR (SEQ ID NO: 318, pos 356-370) and / or GIQIIYTRNHEVKSE (SEQ ID NO: 318, pos 408-422) and / or LSTPFLMEHTMPVTHPPEVA (SEQ ID NO: 318, pos 438-457) wherein each epitope can be combined in any order and / or in any combination and cloned into a LAMP Construct described herein, wherein each epitope is preferably separated by a linker, such as, for example GPGPG (SEQ ID NO: 319, pos 16-20) or PMGLP (SEQ ID NO: 320, pos 16-20). See, for instance SEQ ID NOs: 319-320. 321-323 TERT Isoform 1 (“TERT”) NP_937983.2 324 Survivin NP_001125727 325-327 Tetanus 1AF9_A Exemplary tetanus antigen sequences also include those compnsing:PGINGKAIHLVNNESSE (SEQ ID NO: 325, pos 53-69) and / or FNNFTVSFWLRVPKVSASHLEQYGT (SEQ ID NO: 325, pos 84-108) and / or YVSIDI<FRIFCI<ALNPI<EIEI<LYTSYLS (SEQ ID NO: 325, pos 220-247) and / or ILRVGYNAPGIPLYI<I<MEAVI<LRDLI< (SEQ ID NO: 325, pos 361-386) wherein each epitope can be combined in any order and / or in any combination and cloned into a LAMP Construct described herein, wherein each epitope is preferably separated by a linker, such as, for example GPGPG (SEQ ID NO: 326, pos 18-22) or PMGLP (SEQ ID NO: 327, pos 18-22). Representative construct inserts are shown as SEQ ID NO:326 and SEQ ID NO:327. WO 2023 / 201201                                                 PCT / US2023 / 065588 SEQ ID NO: Protein Name of Antigen Accession / Derived From Exemplary Epitopes / Fragments that can be cloned into the LAMP Constructs described herein, comprise at least: . . 328 Cancer Testis Antigen NY-ESO-1 (“NY-ESO-1”) NP-001318.1 329-331 HER2 AAA75493.1 A further example HER2 antigen sequence comprises SEQ ID NO: 198, and is encoded by SEQ ID NO: 199. 332-334 HER3 NP_001973.2 Construct comprising at least one of: amino acids 20-643, 665-1201, and / or 1209-1342 of SEQ ID NO:332, wherein each epitope can be combined in any order and / or in any combination and cloned into a LAMP Construct described herein, wherein each epitope is preferably separated by a linker, such as, for example GPGPG or PMGLP. Representative construct inserts are shown as SEQ ID NO:333 and SEQ ID NO:334. 335 336 HVEM NP_003811.2 An example is a sequence comprising amino acids 39-202 of SEQ ID NO: 335 337-340 HPV Constructs Examples include sequences used to create the constructs: (a) HPV 16 E6 (SEQ ID NO:337); (b) HPV 18 E6 (SEQ ID NO:338); (c) HPV 16 E7 (SEQ ID NO:339); (d) HPV 18 E7 (SEQ ID NO:340) Representative Constructs: SEQ ID NO:341 (Representative HPV 16 E6-E7 Construct) SEQ ID NO:342 (Representative HPV 18 E6-E7 Construct) SEQ ID NO:343 (HPV 16 E6 - linker-HPV 18 E6-linker-HPV 16 E7-linker-HPV 18 E7) 346-349 EBV Constructs Any of the following sequences, in any combination, could be used to create the constructs (a) EBV EBNA1 (SEQ ID NO:346); (b) EBV Truncated EBNA-1 (SEQ ID NO:347); (c) EBVgp350 (SEQ ID NO:348); (d) EBV LMP2 (SEQ ID NO:349). For example, a representative construct could comprise truncated EBNA-1 and LMP2. 351-352 HBV Constructs Any of the following sequences could be used (in either orientation) to create the constructs: WO 2023 / 201201                                                 PCT / US2023 / 065588 SEQ ID NO: Protein Name of Antigen Accession / Derived From Exemplary Epitopes / Fragments that can be cloned into the LAMP Constructs described herein, comprise at least: . . HBV Middle S Protein (SEQ ID NO: 351) and HBV X Protein (SEQ ID NO: 352). For example, a representative construct could comprise Middle S Protein - X protein. 353 TIGIT 354 TEM8 355 TEM1 356 HER2 ECD+TM 357 CEA 358 TARP 359 PROSTEIN 360 PSMA 361 BIRC4 362 Mucin-1 363 Mucin-1 Isoform 364 CD40 Eigand 352 WT-1 366 WT-1 Truncated 367 PRAME 368 LAGE-1 WO 2023 / 201201                                                 PCT / US2023 / 065588 SEQ ID NO: Protein Name of Antigen Accession / Derived From Exemplary Epitopes / Fragments that can be cloned into the LAMP Constructs described herein, comprise at least: . . 369 MAGE A3 370-374 Survivin NP001125727 Representative constructs include those comprising one of SEQ ID NO:370-374 375 lA01_HLA-A / m UniProtKB: P30443 376 1A02 UniProtKB: P01892 377 5T4 UniProtKB: Q13641 378 ACRBP UniProtKB: Q8NEB7 379 AFP UniProtKB: P02771 380 AKAP4 UniProtKB: Q5JQC9 381 alpha-actinin-_4 / m UniProtKB: B4DSX0 382 alpha-actinin-_4 / m UniProtKB: B4E337 383 alpha-actinin-_4 / m UniProtKB: 043707 384 alpha-methylacyl-coenzyme_A_racema se UniProtKB: A0A024RE16 385 alpha-methylacyl-coenzyme_A_racema se UniProtKB: A8KAC3 386 ANDR UniProtKB: P10275 387 ART-4 UniProtKB: Q9UEX3 388 ARTCI / m UniProtKB: P52961 WO 2023 / 201201                                                 PCT / US2023 / 065588 SEQ ID NO: Protein Name of Antigen Accession / Derived From Exemplary Epitopes / Fragments that can be cloned into the LAMP Constructs described herein, comprise at least: . . 389 AURKB UniProtKB: Q96GD4 390 B2MG UniProtKB: P61769 391 B3GN5 UniProtKB: Q9BYG0 392 B4GN1 UniProtKB: Q00973 393 B7H4 UniProtKB: Q7Z7D3 394 BAGE-1 UniProtKB: Q13072 395 BASI UniProtKB: P35613 396 BCL-2 UniProtKB: A9QXG9 397 bcr / abl UniProtKB: A9UEZ4 398 bcr / abl UniProtKB: A9UEZ7 399 bcr / abl UniProtKB: A9UEZ8 400 bcr / abl UniProtKB: A9UEZ9 401 bcr / abl UniProtKB: A9UF00 402 bcr / abl UniProtKB: A9UF01 403 bcr / abl UniProtKB: A9UF03 404 bcr / abl UniProtKB: A9UF04 405 bcr / abl UniProtKB: A9UF05 406 bcr / abl UniProtKB: A9UF06 WO 2023 / 201201                                                 PCT / US2023 / 065588 SEQ ID NO: Protein Name of Antigen Accession / Derived From Exemplary Epitopes / Fragments that can be cloned into the LAMP Constructs described herein, comprise at least: . . 407 bcr / abl UniProtKB: A9UF08 408 beta-catenin / m UniProtKB: P35222 409 beta-catenin / m UniProtKB: Q8WYA6 410 BING-4 UniProtKB: 015213 411 BIRC7 UniProtKB: Q96CA5 412 BRCAl / m UniProtKB: A0A024R1V0 413 BRCAl / m UniProtKB: A0A024R1V7 414 BRCAl / m UniProtKB: A0A024R1Z8 415 BRCAl / m UniProtKB: A0A068BFX7 416 BRCAl / m UniProtKB: C6YB45 417 BRCAl / m UniProtKB: C6YB47 418 BRCAl / m UniProtKB: G3XAC3 419 BY55 UniProtKB: 095971 420 CAMEL UniProtKB: 095987 421 CASPA UniProtKB: Q92851-4 422 cathepsin_B UniProtKB: A0A024R374 423 cathepsin_B UniProtKB: P07858 424 cathepsin_L UniProtKB: A0A024R276 WO 2023 / 201201                                                 PCT / US2023 / 065588 SEQ ID NO: Protein Name of Antigen Accession / Derived From Exemplary Epitopes / Fragments that can be cloned into the LAMP Constructs described herein, comprise at least: . . 425 cathepsin_L UniProtKB: P07711 426 cathepsin_L UniProtKB: Q9HBQ7 427 GDI A UniProtKB: P06126 428 CD1B UniProtKB: P29016 429 CD1C UniProtKB: P29017 430 CD ID UniProtKB: P15813 431 CD1E UniProtKB: P15812 432 CD20 UniProtKB: Pl 1836 433 CD22 UniProtKB: 060926 434 CD22 UniProtKB: P20273 435 CD22 UniProtKB: Q0EAF5 436 CD276 UniProtKB: Q5ZPR3 437 CD33 UniProtKB: B4DF51 438 CD33 UniProtKB: P20138 439 CD33 UniProtKB: Q546G0 440 CD3E UniProtKB: P07766 441 CD3Z UniProtKB: P20963 442 CD44_Isoform_l UniProtKB: P16070 WO 2023 / 201201                                                 PCT / US2023 / 065588 SEQ ID NO: Protein Name of Antigen Accession / Derived From Exemplary Epitopes / Fragments that can be cloned into the LAMP Constructs described herein, comprise at least: . . 443 CD44_Isoform_6 UniProtKB: P16070-6 444 CD4 UniProtKB: P01730 445 CD52 UniProtKB: P31358 446 CD52 UniProtKB: Q6IBD0 447 CD52 UniProtKB: V9HWN9 448 CD55 UniProtKB: B1AP15 449 CD55 UniProtKB: D3DT85 450 CD55 UniProtKB: D3DT86 451 CD55 UniProtKB: P08174 452 CD56 UniProtKB: P13591 453 CD 80 UniProtKB: A0N0P2 454 CD80 UniProtKB: P33681 455 CD86 UniProtKB: P42081 456 CD8A UniProtKB: P01732 457 CDC27 / m UniProtKB: G5EA36 458 CDC27 / m UniProtKB: P30260 459 CDE30 UniProtKB: P28908 460 CDK4 / m UniProtKB: A0A024RBB6 WO 2023 / 201201                                                 PCT / US2023 / 065588 SEQ ID NO: Protein Name of Antigen Accession / Derived From Exemplary Epitopes / Fragments that can be cloned into the LAMP Constructs described herein, comprise at least: . . 461 CDK4 / m UniProtKB: Pl 1802 462 CDK4 / m UniProtKB: Q6LC83 463 CDK4 / m UniProtKB: Q96BE9 464 CDKN2A / m UniProtKB: D1LYX3 465 CDKN2A / m UniProtKB: G3XAG3 466 CDKN2A / m UniProtKB: K7PML8 467 CDKN2A / m UniProtKB: L8E941 468 CDKN2A / m UniProtKB: Q8N726 469 CEA RefSeq: NP_004354 470 CEAM6 UniProtKB: P40199 471 CH3L2 UniProtKB: Q15782 472 CLCA2 UniProtKB: Q9UQC9 473 CML28 UniProtKB: Q9NQT4 474 CML66 UniProtKB: Q96RS6 475 COA-l / m UniProtKB: Q5T124 476 coactosin-like_protein UniProtKB: Q14019 477 collagen_XXIII UniProtKB: L8EAS4 478 collagen_XXIII UniProtKB: Q86Y22 WO 2023 / 201201                                                 PCT / US2023 / 065588 SEQ ID NO: Protein Name of Antigen Accession / Derived From Exemplary Epitopes / Fragments that can be cloned into the LAMP Constructs described herein, comprise at least: . . 479 COX-2 UniProtKB: Q6ZYK7 480 CP1B1 UniProtKB: Q16678 481 CSAG2 UniProtKB: Q9Y5P2-2 482 CSAG2 UniProtKB: Q9Y5P2 483 CT45A1 UniProtKB: Q5HYN5 484 CT55 UniProtKB: Q8WUE5 485 CT-_9 / BRD6 UniProtKB: Q58F21 48 CT AG 2_I s o fo rm_L AGE-1A UniProtKB: 075638-2 487 CT AG 2_I s o fo rm_L AGE-IB UniProtKB: 075638 488 CTCFE UniProtKB: Q8NI51 489 Cten UniProtKB: Q8IZW8 490 cyclin_B 1 UniProtKB: P14635 491 cyclin_Dl UniProtKB: P24385 492 cyp-B UniProtKB: P23284 493 DAM-10 UniProtKB: P43366 494 DEPIA UniProtKB: Q5TB30 495 E7 UniProtKB: P03129 496 E7 UniProtKB: P06788 WO 2023 / 201201                                                 PCT / US2023 / 065588 SEQ ID NO: Protein Name of Antigen Accession / Derived From Exemplary Epitopes / Fragments that can be cloned into the LAMP Constructs described herein, comprise at least: . . 497 E7 UniProtKB: P17387 498 E7 UniProtKB: P06429 499 E7 UniProtKB: P27230 500 E7 UniProtKB: P24837 501 E7 UniProtKB: P21736 502 E7 UniProtKB: P26558 503 E7 UniProtKB: P36831 504 E7 UniProtKB: P36833 505 E7 UniProtKB: Q9QCZ1 506 E7 UniProtKB: Q81965 507 E7 UniProtKB: Q80956 508 EF1A2 UniProtKB: Q05639 509 EFTUD2 / m UniProtKB: Q15029 510 EGFR UniProtKB: A0A0B4J1Y5 511 EGFR UniProtKB: E7BSV0 512 EGFR UniProtKB: L0R6G1 513 EGFR UniProtKB: P00533-2 514 EGFR UniProtKB: P00533 WO 2023 / 201201                                                 PCT / US2023 / 065588 SEQ ID NO: Protein Name of Antigen Accession / Derived From Exemplary Epitopes / Fragments that can be cloned into the LAMP Constructs described herein, comprise at least: . . 515 EGFR UniProtKB: Q147T7 516 EGFR UniProtKB: Q504U8 517 EGFR UniProtKB: Q8NDU8 518 EGLN3 UniProtKB: Q9H6Z9 519 ELF2 / m UniProtKB: B7Z720 520 EMMPRIN UniProtKB: Q54A51 521 EpCam UniProtKB: P16422 522 EphA2 UniProtKB: P29317 523 EphA3 UniProtKB: P29320 524 EphA3 UniProtKB: Q6P4R6 525 ErbB3 UniProtKB: B3KWG5 526 ErbB3 UniProtKB: B4DGQ7 527 ERBB4 UniProtKB: Q15303 528 ERG UniProtKB: Pl 1308 529 ETV6 UniProtKB: P41212 530 EWS UniProtKB: Q01844 531 EZH2 UniProtKB: F2YMM1 532 EZH2 UniProtKB: G3XAL2 WO 2023 / 201201                                                 PCT / US2023 / 065588 SEQ ID NO: Protein Name of Antigen Accession / Derived From Exemplary Epitopes / Fragments that can be cloned into the LAMP Constructs described herein, comprise at least: . . 533 EZH2 UmProtKB: L0R855 534 EZH2 UmProtKB: Q15910 535 EZH2 UmProtKB: S4S3R8 536 FABP7 UmProtKB: 015540 537 FCGR3A_Version_l UmProtKB: P08637 538 FCGR3A_Version_2 CCDS: CCDS 1232.1 539 FGF5 UmProtKB: P12034 540 FGF5 UmProtKB: Q60518 541 FGFR2 UmProtKB: P21802 542 fibronectin UmProtKB: A0A024R5I6 543 fibronectin UmProtKB: A0A024RB01 544 fibronectin UmProtKB: A0A024RDT9 545 fibronectin UmProtKB: A0A024RDV5 546 fibronectin UmProtKB: A6NH44 547 fibronectin UmProtKB: A8K6A5 548 fibronectin UmProtKB: B2R627 549 fibronectin UmProtKB: B3KXM5 550 fibronectin UmProtKB: B4DIC5 WO 2023 / 201201                                                 PCT / US2023 / 065588 SEQ ID NO: Protein Name of Antigen Accession / Derived From Exemplary Epitopes / Fragments that can be cloned into the LAMP Constructs described herein, comprise at least: . . 551 fibronectin UmProtKB: B4DN21 552 fibronectin UmProtKB: B4DS98 553 fibronectin UmProtKB: B4DTH2 554 fibronectin UmProtKB: B4DTK1 555 fibronectin UmProtKB: B4DU16 556 fibronectin UmProtKB: B7Z3W5 557 fibronectin UmProtKB: B7Z939 558 fibronectin UmProtKB: G5E9X3 559 fibronectin UmProtKB: Q9H382 560 FOS UmProtKB: P01100 561 FOXP3 UmProtKB: Q9BZS1 562 FUT1 UmProtKB: P19526 563 G250 UmProtKB: Q16790 564 GAGE-1 Genbank: AAA82744 565 GAGE-2 UmProtKB: Q6NT46 566 GAGE-3 UmProtKB: Q13067 567 GAGE-4 UmProtKB: Q13068 568 GAGE-5 UmProtKB: Q13069 WO 2023 / 201201                                                 PCT / US2023 / 065588 SEQ ID NO: Protein Name of Antigen Accession / Derived From Exemplary Epitopes / Fragments that can be cloned into the LAMP Constructs described herein, comprise at least: . . 569 GAGE-6 UniProtKB: Q13070 570 GAGE7b UniProtKB: 076087 571 GAGE-8_(GAGE-2D) UniProtKB: Q9UEU5 572 GASR UniProtKB: P32239 573 GnT-V UniProtKB: Q09328 574 GPC3 UniProtKB: I6QJG3 575 GPC3 UniProtKB: P51654 576 GPC3 UniProtKB: Q8IYG2 577 GPNMB / m UniProtKB: A0A024RA55 578 GPNMB / m UniProtKB: Q14956 579 GPNMB / m UniProtKB: Q8IXJ5 580 GPNMB / m UniProtKB: Q96F58 581 GRM3 UniProtKB: Q14832 582 HAGE UniProtKB: Q9NXZ2 583 hep sin UniProtKB: B2ZDQ2 584 hep sin UniProtKB: P05981 585 Her2 / neu UniProtKB: B4DTR1 586 Her2 / neu UniProtKB: L8E8G2 WO 2023 / 201201                                                 PCT / US2023 / 065588 SEQ ID NO: Protein Name of Antigen Accession / Derived From Exemplary Epitopes / Fragments that can be cloned into the LAMP Constructs described herein, comprise at least: . . 587 Her2 / neu UniProtKB: P04626 588 Her2 / neu UniProtKB: Q9UK79 589 HLA-A2 / m UniProtKB: Q95387 590 HLA-A2 / m UniProtKB: Q9MYF8 591 homeobox_NKX3.1 UniProtKB: Q99801 592 HOM-TES-85 UniProtKB: B2RBQ6 593 HOM-TES-85 UniProtKB: Q9P127 594 HPG1 Pubmed: 12543784 595 HS71A UniProtKB: P0DMV8 596 HS71B UniProtKB: P0DMV9 597 HST-2 UniProtKB: P10767 598 hTERT UniProtKB: 094807 599 iCE UniProtKB: 000748 600 IF2B3 UniProtKB: 000425 601 IL-13Ra2 UniProtKB: Q14627 602 IL2-RA UniProtKB: P01589 603 IL2-RB UniProtKB: P14784 604 IL2-RG UniProtKB: P31785 WO 2023 / 201201                                                 PCT / US2023 / 065588 SEQ ID NO: Protein Name of Antigen Accession / Derived From Exemplary Epitopes / Fragments that can be cloned into the LAMP Constructs described herein, comprise at least: . . 605 IMP3 UniProtKB: Q9NV31 606 ITA5 UniProtKB: P08648 607 ITB1 UniProtKB: P05556 608 ITB6 UniProtKB: P18564 609 kallikrein-2 UniProtKB: A0A024R4J4 610 kallikrein-2 UniProtKB: A0A024R4N3 611 kallikrein-2 UniProtKB: B0AZU9 612 kallikrein-2 UniProtKB: B4DU77 613 kallikrein-2 UniProtKB: P20151 614 kallikrein-2 UniProtKB: Q6T774 615 kallikrein-2 UniProtKB: Q6T775 616 kallikrein-4 UniProtKB: A0A0C4DFQ5 617 kallikrein-4 UniProtKB: Q5BQA0 618 kallikrein-4 UniProtKB: Q96PT0 619 kallikrein-4 UniProtKB: Q96PT1 620 kallikrein-4 UniProtKB: Q9Y5K2 621 KI20A UniProtKB: 095235 622 KIAA0205 UniProtKB: Q92604 WO 2023 / 201201                                                 PCT / US2023 / 065588 SEQ ID NO: Protein Name of Antigen Accession / Derived From Exemplary Epitopes / Fragments that can be cloned into the LAMP Constructs described herein, comprise at least: . . 623 KIF2C UniProtKB: Q99661 624 KK-LC-1 UniProtKB: Q5H943 625 LDLR UniProtKB: P01130 626 LGMN UniProtKB: Q99538 627 LIRB2 UniProtKB: Q8N423 628 LY6K UniProtKB: Q17RY6 629 MAGA5 UniProtKB: P43359 630 MAGA8 UniProtKB: P43361 631 MAGAB UniProtKB: P43364 632 MAGE-A10 UniProtKB: A0A024RC14 633 MAGE-A12 UniProtKB: P43365 634 MAGE-A1 UniProtKB: P43355 635 MAGE-A2 UniProtKB: P43356 636 MAGE-A3 UniProtKB: P43357 637 MAGE-A4 UniProtKB: A0A024RC12 638 MAGE-A4 UniProtKB: P43358 639 MAGE-A4 UniProtKB: Q1RN33 640 MAGE-A6 UniProtKB: A8K072 WO 2023 / 201201                                                 PCT / US2023 / 065588 SEQ ID NO: Protein Name of Antigen Accession / Derived From Exemplary Epitopes / Fragments that can be cloned into the LAMP Constructs described herein, comprise at least: . . 641 MAGE-A6 UniProtKB: P43360 642 MAGE-A6 UniProtKB: Q6FHI5 643 MAGE-A9 UniProtKB: P43362 644 MAGE-BIO UniProtKB: Q96LZ2 645 MAGE-B16 UniProtKB: A2A368 646 MAGE-B17 UniProtKB: A8MXT2 647 MAGE-_B1 UniProtKB: Q96TG1 648 MAGE-B2 UniProtKB: 015479 649 MAGE-B3 UniProtKB: 015480 650 MAGE-B4 UniProtKB: 015481 651 MAGE-B5 UniProtKB: Q9BZ81 652 MAGE-B6 UniProtKB: Q8N7X4 653 MAGE-CI UniProtKB: 060732 654 MAGE-C2 UniProtKB: Q9UBF1 655 MAGE-C3 UniProtKB: Q8TD91 656 MAGE-D1 UniProtKB: Q9Y5V3 657 MAGE-D2 UniProtKB: Q9UNF1 658 MAGE-D4 UniProtKB: Q96JG8 WO 2023 / 201201                                                 PCT / US2023 / 065588 SEQ ID NO: Protein Name of Antigen Accession / Derived From Exemplary Epitopes / Fragments that can be cloned into the LAMP Constructs described herein, comprise at least: . . 659 MAGE-_E1 UniProtKB: Q6IAI7 660 MAGE- E1_(MAGE1) UniProtKB: Q9HCI5 661 MAGE-E2 UniProtKB: Q8TD90 662 MAGE-F1 UniProtKB: Q9HAY2 663 MAGE-H1 UniProtKB: Q9H213 664 MAGEL2 UniProtKB: Q9UJ55 665 mammaglobin_A UniProtKB: Q13296 666 mammaglobin_A UniProtKB: Q6NX70 667 MART-1 / melan-A UniProtKB: Q16655 668 MART-2 UniProtKB: Q5VTY9 669 MC1_R UniProtKB: Q01726 670 MC1_R UniProtKB: Q1JUE4 671 MC1_R UniProtKB: Q1JUE6 672 MC1_R UniProtKB: Q1JUE8 673 MC1_R UniProtKB: Q1JUE9 674 MC1_R UniProtKB: Q1JUM0 675 MC1_R UniProtKB: Q1JUM2 676 MC1_R UniProtKB: Q1JUM3 WO 2023 / 201201                                                 PCT / US2023 / 065588 SEQ ID NO: Protein Name of Antigen Accession / Derived From Exemplary Epitopes / Fragments that can be cloned into the LAMP Constructs described herein, comprise at least: . . 677 MC1_R UniProtKB: Q1JUM4 678 MC1_R UniProtKB: Q1JUM5 679 MC1_R UniProtKB: Q6UR92 680 MC1_R UniProtKB: Q6UR94 681 MC1_R UniProtKB: Q6UR95 682 MC1_R UniProtKB: Q6UR96 683 MC1_R UniProtKB: Q6UR97 684 MC1_R UniProtKB: Q6UR98 685 MC1_R UniProtKB: Q6UR99 686 MC1_R UniProtKB: Q6URA0 687 MC1_R UniProtKB: Q86YW1 688 MC1_R UniProtKB: V9Q5S2 689 MC1_R UniProtKB: V9Q671 690 MC1_R UniProtKB: V9Q783 691 MC1_R UniProtKB: V9Q7F1 692 MC1_R UniProtKB: V9Q8N1 693 MC1_R UniProtKB: V9Q977 694 MC1_R UniProtKB: V9Q9P5 WO 2023 / 201201                                                 PCT / US2023 / 065588 SEQ ID NO: Protein Name of Antigen Accession / Derived From Exemplary Epitopes / Fragments that can be cloned into the LAMP Constructs described herein, comprise at least: . . 695 MC1_R UniProtKB: V9Q9R8 696 MC1_R UniProtKB: V9QAE0 697 MC1_R UniProtKB: V9QAR2 698 MC1_R UniProtKB: V9QAW3 699 MC1_R UniProtKB: V9QB02 700 MC1_R UniProtKB: V9QB58 701 MC1_R UniProtKB: V9QBY6 702 MC1_R UniProtKB: V9QC17 703 MC1_R UniProtKB: V9QC66 704 MC1_R UniProtKB: V9QCQ4 705 MC1_R UniProtKB: V9QDF4 706 MC1_R UniProtKB: V9QDN7 707 MC1_R UniProtKB: V9QDQ6 708 mesothelin UniProtKB: Q13421 709 MITF UniProtKB: 075030-8 710 MITF UniProtKB: 075030-9 711 MITF UniProtKB: 075030 712 MMP1_1 UniProtKB: B3KQS8 WO 2023 / 201201                                                 PCT / US2023 / 065588 SEQ ID NO: Protein Name of Antigen Accession / Derived From Exemplary Epitopes / Fragments that can be cloned into the LAMP Constructs described herein, comprise at least: . . 713 MMP7 UniProtKB: P09237 714 MUC-1 Genbank: AAA60019 715 MUM-l / m RefSeq: NP_116242 716 MUM-2 / m UniProtKB: Q9Y5R8 717 MYO1A UniProtKB: Q9UBC5 718 MYO1B UniProtKB: 043795 719 MYOIC UniProtKB: 000159 720 MYOID UniProtKB: 094832 721 MYOIE UniProtKB: Q12965 722 MYO1F UniProtKB: 000160 723 MYO1G UniProtKB: B0I1T2 724 MYO1H RefSeq: NP_001094891 725 NA17 UniProtKB: Q3V5L5 726 NA88-A Pubmed: 10790436 727 Neo-PAP UniProtKB: Q9BWT3 728 NFYC / m UniProtKB: Q13952 729 NGEP UniProtKB: Q6IWH7 730 NPM UniProtKB: P06748 WO 2023 / 201201                                                 PCT / US2023 / 065588 SEQ ID NO: Protein Name of Antigen Accession / Derived From Exemplary Epitopes / Fragments that can be cloned into the LAMP Constructs described herein, comprise at least: . . 731 NRCAM UniProtKB: Q92823 732 NSE UniProtKB: P09104 733 NUF2 UniProtKB: Q9BZD4 734 NY-ESO-1 UniProtKB: P78358 735 OA1 UniProtKB: P51810 736 OGT UniProtKB: 015294 737 OS-9 UniProtKB: B4DH11 738 OS-9 UniProtKB: B4E321 739 OS-9 UniProtKB: B7Z8E7 740 OS-9 UniProtKB: Q13438 741 osteocalcin UniProtKB: P02818 742 osteopontin UniProtKB: A0A024RDE2 743 osteopontin UniProtKB: A0A024RDE6 744 osteopontin UniProtKB: A0A024RDJ0 745 osteopontin UniProtKB: B7Z351 746 osteopontin UniProtKB: F2YQ21 747 osteopontin UniProtKB: P10451 748 p53 UniProtKB: P04637 WO 2023 / 201201                                                 PCT / US2023 / 065588 SEQ ID NO: Protein Name of Antigen Accession / Derived From Exemplary Epitopes / Fragments that can be cloned into the LAMP Constructs described herein, comprise at least: . . 749 PAGE-4 UniProtKB: 060829 750 PAI-1 UniProtKB: P05121 751 PAI-2 UniProtKB: P05120 752 PAP UniProtKB: Q06141 753 PAP UniProtKB: Q53S56 754 PATE UniProtKB: Q8WXA2 755 PAX3 UniProtKB: P23760 756 PAX5 UniProtKB: Q02548 757 PD1L1 UniProtKB: Q9NZQ7 758 PDCD1 UniProtKB: Q15116 759 PDEF UniProtKB: 095238 760 PECA1 UniProtKB: P16284 761 PGCB UniProtKB: Q96GW7 762 PGFRB UniProtKB: P09619 763 Pim-1_-Kinase UniProtKB: A0A024RD25 764 Pin-1 UniProtKB: 015428 765 Pin-1 UniProtKB: Q13526 766 Pin-1 UniProtKB: Q49AR7 WO 2023 / 201201                                                 PCT / US2023 / 065588 SEQ ID NO: Protein Name of Antigen Accession / Derived From Exemplary Epitopes / Fragments that can be cloned into the LAMP Constructs described herein, comprise at least: . . 767 PLAC1 UniProtKB: Q9HBJ0 768 PMEL UniProtKB: P40967 769 PML UniProtKB: P29590 770 POTEF UniProtKB: A5A3E0 771 POTE UniProtKB: Q86YR6 772 PRAME UniProtKB: A0A024R1E6 773 PRAME UniProtKB: P78395 774 PRDX5 / m UniProtKB: P30044 775 PRM2 UniProtKB: P04554 776 prostein UniProtKB: Q96JT2 777 proteinase-3 UniProtKB: D6CHE9 778 proteinase-3 UniProtKB: P24158 779 PSA UniProtKB: P55786 780 PSB9 UniProtKB: P28065 781 PSCA UniProtKB: D3DWI6 782 PSCA UniProtKB: 043653 783 PSGR UniProtKB: Q9H255 784 PSM UniProtKB: Q04609 WO 2023 / 201201                                                 PCT / US2023 / 065588 SEQ ID NO: Protein Name of Antigen Accession / Derived From Exemplary Epitopes / Fragments that can be cloned into the LAMP Constructs described herein, comprise at least: . . 785 PTPRC RefSeq: NP_002829 786 RAB8A UniProtKB: P61006 787 RAGE-1 UniProtKB: Q9UQ07 788 RARA UniProtKB: P10276 789 RASH UniProtKB: P01112 790 RASK UniProtKB: P01116 791 RASN UniProtKB: P01111 792 RGS5 UniProtKB: 015539 793 RHAMM / CD168 UniProtKB: 075330 794 RHOC UniProtKB: P08134 795 RSSA UniProtKB: P08865 796 RUI UniProtKB: Q9UHJ3 797 RU2 UniProtKB: Q9UHG0 798 RUNX1 UniProtKB: Q01196 799 S-100 UniProtKB: V9HW39 800 SAGE UniProtKB: Q9NX21 801 SART-_1 UniProtKB: 043290 802 S ART-2 UniProtKB: Q9UL01 WO 2023 / 201201                                                 PCT / US2023 / 065588 SEQ ID NO: Protein Name of Antigen Accession / Derived From Exemplary Epitopes / Fragments that can be cloned into the LAMP Constructs described herein, comprise at least: . . 803 S ART-3 UniProtKB: Q15020 804 SEPR UniProtKB: Q12884 805 SIA7F UniProtKB: Q969X2 806 SIA8A UniProtKB: Q92185 807 SIAT9 UniProtKB: Q9UNP4 808 SIRT2 / m UniProtKB: A0A024R0G8 809 SIRT2 / m UniProtKB: Q8IXJ6 810 SOX10 UniProtKB: P56693 811 SP17 UniProtKB: Q15506 812 SPNXA UniProtKB: Q9NS26 813 SPXN3 UniProtKB: Q5MJ09 814 SSX-1 UniProtKB: Q16384 815 SSX-2 UniProtKB: Q16385 816 SSX3 UniProtKB: Q99909 817 SSX-4 UniProtKB: 060224 818 ST1A1 UniProtKB: P50225 819 STAG2 UniProtKB: Q8N3U4-2 820 STAMP-1 UniProtKB: Q8NFT2 WO 2023 / 201201                                                 PCT / US2023 / 065588 SEQ ID NO: Protein Name of Antigen Accession / Derived From Exemplary Epitopes / Fragments that can be cloned into the LAMP Constructs described herein, comprise at least: . . 821 STEAP-1 UniProtKB: A0A024RA63 822 STEAP-1 UniProtKB: Q9UHE8 823 Survivin-2B UniProtKB: 015392-2 824 survivin UniProtKB: 015392 825 SYCPl UniProtKB: A0A024R0I2 826 SYCP1 UniProtKB: B7ZLS9 827 SYCPl UniProtKB: Q15431 828 SYCPl UniProtKB: Q3MHC4 829 SYT-SSX-1 UniProtKB: A4PIV7 830 SYT-SSX-1 UniProtKB: A4PIV8 831 SYT-SSX-2 UniProtKB: A4PIV9 832 SYT-SSX-2 UniProtKB: A4PIW0 833 TARP UniProtKB: Q0VGM3 834 TCRg UniProtKB: A2JGV3 835 TF2AA UniProtKB: P52655 836 TGFR2 UniProtKB: P37173 837 TGM-4 UniProtKB: B2R7D1 838 TIE2 UniProtKB: Q02763 WO 2023 / 201201                                                 PCT / US2023 / 065588 SEQ ID NO: Protein Name of Antigen Accession / Derived From Exemplary Epitopes / Fragments that can be cloned into the LAMP Constructs described herein, comprise at least: . . 839 TKTL1 UniProtKB: P51854 840 TPI / m UniProtKB: P60174 841 TRGV11 UniProtKB: Q99601 842 TRGV9 UniProtKB: A4D1X2 843 TRGV9 UniProtKB: Q99603 844 TRGV9 UniProtKB: Q99604 845 TRPC1 UniProtKB: P48995 846 TRP-p8 UniProtKB: Q7Z2W7 847 TSG10 UniProtKB: Q9BZW7 848 TSPY1 UniProtKB: Q01534 849 TVC_(TRGV3) Genbank: Ml 3231.1 850 TX101 UniProtKB: Q9BY14-2 851 tyrosinase UniProtKB: A0A024DBG7 853 tyrosinase UniProtKB: L8B082 853 tyrosinase UniProtKB: L8B086 854 tyrosinase UniProtKB: L8B0B9 855 tyrosinase UniProtKB: 075767 856 tyrosinase UniProtKB: P14679 WO 2023 / 201201                                                 PCT / US2023 / 065588 SEQ ID NO: Protein Name of Antigen Accession / Derived From Exemplary Epitopes / Fragments that can be cloned into the LAMP Constructs described herein, comprise at least: . . 857 tyrosinase UniProtKB: U3M8N0 858 tyrosinase UniProtKB: U3M9D5 859 tyrosinase UniProtKB: U3M9J2 860 TYRP1 UniProtKB: P17643 861 TYRP2 UniProtKB: P40126 862 UPA UniProtKB: Q96NZ9 863 VEGFR1 UniProtKB: B5A924 864 WT1 UniProtKB: A0A0H5AUY0 865 WT1 UniProtKB: P19544 866 WT1 UniProtKB: Q06250 867 XAGE1 UniProtKB: Q9HD64 868 IL-10 UniProtKB: P22301 869 IL-5 UniProtKB: P05113 870 M-CSF UniProtKB: P09603 871 TGFbetal UniProtKB: P01137 872 Caspase_8 UniProtKB: Q14790 873 SERPINB5 UniProtKB: P36952 874 calreticulin UniProtKB: B4DHR1 WO 2023 / 201201                                                 PCT / US2023 / 065588 SEQ ID NO: Protein Name of Antigen Accession / Derived From Exemplary Epitopes / Fragments that can be cloned into the LAMP Constructs described herein, comprise at least: . . 875 calreticulin UniProtKB: B4E2Y9 876 calreticulin UniProtKB: P27797 877 calreticulin UniProtKB: Q96L12 878 N-myc UniProtKB: P04198 WO 2023 / 201201                                                 PCT / US2023 / 065588

[00190] Additionally, the antigens (including the sequences / fragments / epitopes shown in column 4) described in Table A can be cloned into the LAMP-antigen constructs described herein either individually, or in combination with one another. Thus, each one of the sequences shown in column 1 of Table A, including the epitopes / fragments described in column 4 of Table 1 can be used to generate a LAMP-antigen construct in combination with another sequence also selected from column 1 or column 4 of Table A. In the case of a nucleic acid construct or a cell harboring such a nucleic acid construct, the construct may encode one or more of the antigens listed in Table A or otherwise herein, for example. Furthermore, an IREG sequence may also be included as a second polypeptide (or in the case of a nucleic acid vector or cell harboring such a vector, a coding sequence for an IREG), in order to generate a bicistronic LAMP construct.

[00191] The order of the combination of antigens in a particular LAMP-antigen construct can also vary. For example, the names pp65, gB, IE1, MTRII, US28, IGFBP2, IL10, UL144, UL141, US11, HOS, IE2, TERT, Survivin, Tetanus, NY-ESO-1, HER2, HER3, HVEM, HPV16E6, HPV18E6, HPV16E7, HPV18E7, EBNA1, EBNA trunc, gp350, LMP2, GCP3, Middle S, X Protein, TIGIT, TEM8, TEM1, HER2 ECD+TM, CEA, TARP, PROSTEIN, PSMA, BIRC4, MUCIN-1, MUCIN-1 iso, CD40-L, WT-1, WT-1 trunc., FRAME, LAGE-1, and / or MAGE A3 refer to the proteins described in Table 1 and are explicitly intended to refer generically not only to the full-length sequences shown in Column 1 of Table A, but also, to the sequences / fragments / epitopes as described in the fourth Column of Table A. Thus, each one of the sequences shown in Column 1 of Table A, including the epitopes / fragments described in Column 4 of Table 1 can be used to generate a LAMP construct, which can then be incorporated with, for example, an IREG sequence to create a bicistronic LAMP construct.

[00192] To illustrate different, additional possible antigen combinations, but in no way limiting the disclosure, the combinations of antigens (including the sequences shown in Column 1 of Table A and / or the sequences / fragments / epitopes described in Column 4 of Table A) can be cloned into the LAMP Constructs as follows: (a) pp65 and at least one of gB, IE1, MTRII, US28, IGFBP2, IL10, ULI44, UL141, US11, HOS, IE2, TERT, Survivin, Tetanus, NY-ESO-1, HER2, HER3, HVEM, HPV16E6, HPV18E6, HPV16E7, HPV18E7, EBNA1, EBNA trunc, gp350, LMP2, GCP3, Middle S, X Protein, TIGIT, TEM8, TEM1, HER2 ECD+TM, CEA, TARP, PROSTEIN, PSMA, BIRC4, MUCIN-1, MUCIN-1 iso, CD40-L, WT-1, WT-1 trunc., FRAME, LAGE-1, and / or MAGE A3; (b) gB and at least one of pp65, IE1, MTRII, US28, IGFBP2, IL10, UL144, UL141, US11, HOS, IE2, TERT, Survivin, Tetanus, NY-ESO-1, HER2, HER3, HVEM, HPV16E6, HPV18E6, HPV16E7, HPV18E7, EBNA1, EBNA trunc, gp350, LMP2, GCP3, Middle S, X Protein, TIGIT, TEM8, TEM1, HER2 ECD+TM, CEA, TARP, PROSTEIN, PSMA, BIRC4, MUCIN-1, MUCIN-1 iso, CD40-L, WT-1, WT-1 trunc., PRAME, LAGE-1, and / or MAGE A3; (c) IE1 and at least one of pp65, gB, MTRII, US28, IGFBP2, IL10, UL144, UL141, US11, HOS, IE2, TERT, Survivin, Tetanus, NY-ESO-1, HER2, HER3, HVEM, HPV16E6, HPV18E6, HPV16E7, HPV18E7, EBNA1, EBNA trunc, gp350, LMP2, GCP3, Middle S, X Protein, TIGIT, TEM8, TEM1, HER2 ECD+TM, CEA, TARP, PROSTEIN, PSMA, BIRC4, MUCIN-1, MUCIN-1 iso, CD40-L, WT-1, WT-1 trunc., PRAME, LAGE-1, and / or MAGE A3; (d) MTRII, and at least one of pp65, gB, IE1, US28, IGFBP2, IL10, UL144, UL141, US11, HOS, IE2, TERT, Survivin, Tetanus, NY-ESO-1, HER2, HER3, HVEM, HPV16E6, HPV18E6, HPV16E7, HPV18E7, EBNA1, EBNA trunc, gp350, LMP2, GCP3, Middle S, X Protein, TIGIT, TEM8, TEM1, HER2 ECD+TM, CEA, TARP, PROSTEIN, PSMA, BIRC4, MUCIN-1, MUCIN-1 iso, CD40-L, WT-1, WT-1 trunc., PRAME, LAGE-1, and / or MAGE A3; (e) US28 and at least one of pp65, gB, IE1, MTRII, IGFBP2, IL10, UL144, UL141, US11, HOS, IE2, TERT, Survivin, Tetanus, NY-ESO-1, HER2, HER3, HVEM, HPV16E6, HPV18E6, HPV16E7, HPV18E7, EBNA1, EBNA trunc, gp350, LMP2, GCP3, Middle S, X Protein, TIGIT, TEM8, TEM1, HER2 ECD+TM, CEA, TARP, PROSTEIN, PSMA, BIRC4, MUCIN-1, MUCIN-1 iso, CD40-L, WT-1, WT-1 trunc., PRAME, LAGE-1, and / or MAGE A3; (f) IGFBP2 and at least one of pp65, gB, IE1, MTRII, US28, IL10, UL144, UL141, US11, HOS, IE2, TERT, Survivin, Tetanus, NY-ESO-1, HER2, HER3, HVEM, HPV16E6, HPV18E6, HPV16E7, HPV18E7, EBNA1, EBNA trunc, gp350, LMP2, GCP3, Middle S, X Protein, TIGIT, TEM8, TEM1, HER2 ECD+TM, CEA, TARP, PROSTEIN, PSMA, BIRC4, MUCIN-1, MUCIN-1 iso, CD40-L, WT-1, WT-1 trunc., PRAME, LAGE-1, and / or MAGE A3; (g) IL10 and at least one of pp65, gB, IE1, MTRII, US28, IGFBP2, ULI44, UL141, US11, HOS, IE2, TERT, Survivin, Tetanus, NY-ESO-1, HER2, HER3, HVEM, HPV16E6, HPV18E6, HPV16E7, HPV18E7, EBNA1, EBNA trunc, gp350, LMP2, GCP3, Middle S, X Protein, TIGIT, TEM8, TEM1, HER2 ECD+TM, CEA, TARP, PROSTEIN, PSMA, BIRC4, MUCIN-1, MUCIN-1 iso, CD40-L, WT-1, WT-1 trunc., PRAME, LAGE-1, and / or MAGE A3; (h) ULI44 and at least one of pp65, gB, IE1, MTRII, US28, IGFBP2, IL10, UL141, US11, HOS, IE2, TERT, Survivin, Tetanus, NY-ESO-1, HER2, HER3, HVEM, HPV16E6, HPV18E6, HPV16E7, HPV18E7, EBNA1, EBNA trunc, gp350, LMP2, GCP3, Middle S, X Protein, TIGIT, TEM8, TEM1, HER2 ECD+TM, CEA, TARP, PROSTEIN, PSMA, BIRC4, MUCIN-1, MUCIN-1 iso, CD40-L, WT-1, WT-1 trunc., PRAME, LAGE-1, and / or MAGE A3; (i) UL141 and at least one of pp65, gB, IE1, MTRII, US28, IGFBP2, IL10, UL144, US11, HOS, IE2, TERT, Survivin, Tetanus, NY-ESO-1, HER2, HER3, HVEM, HPV16E6, HPV18E6, HPV16E7, HPV18E7, EBNA1, EBNA trunc, gp350, LMP2, GCP3, Middle S, X Protein, TIGIT, TEM8, TEM1, HER2 ECD+TM, CEA, TARP, PROSTEIN, PSMA, BIRC4, MUCIN-1, MUCIN-1 iso, CD40-L, WT-1, WT-1 trunc., PRAME, LAGE-1, and / or MAGE A3; (j) US11 and at least one of pp65, gB, IE1, MTRII, US28, IGFBP2, IL10, UL144, UL141, HOS, IE2, TERT, Survivin, Tetanus, NY-ESO-1, HER2, HER3, HVEM, HPV16E6, HPV18E6, HPV16E7, HPV18E7, EBNA1, EBNA trunc, gp350, LMP2, GCP3, Middle S, X Protein, TIGIT, TEM8, TEM1, HER2 ECD+TM, CEA, TARP, PROSTEIN, PSMA, BIRC4, MUCIN-1, MUCIN-1 iso, CD40-L, WT-1, WT-1 trunc., PRAME, LAGE-1, and / or MAGE A3; (k) IE2 and at least one of pp65, gB, IE1, MTRII, US28, IGFBP2, IL10, UL144, UL141, US11, HOS, TERT, Survivin, Tetanus, NY-ESO-1, HER2, HER3, HVEM, HPV16E6, HPV18E6, HPV16E7, HPV18E7, EBNA1, EBNA trunc, gp350, LMP2, GCP3, Middle S, X Protein, TIGIT, TEM8, TEM1, HER2 ECD+TM, CEA, TARP, PROSTEIN, PSMA, BIRC4, MUCIN-1, MUCIN-1 iso, CD40-L, WT-1, WT-1 trunc., PRAME, LAGE-1, and / or MAGE A3; (1) TERT and at least one of pp65, gB, IE1, MTRII, US28, IGFBP2, IL10, UL144, UL141, US11, HOS, IE2, Survivin, Tetanus, NY-ESO-1, HER2, HER3, HVEM, HPV16E6, HPV18E6, HPV16E7, HPV18E7, EBNA1, EBNA trunc, gp350, LMP2, GCP3, Middle S, X Protein, TIGIT, TEM8, TEM1, HER2 ECD+TM, CEA, TARP, PROSTEIN, PSMA, BIRC4, MUCIN-1, MUCIN-1 iso, CD40-L, WT-1, WT-1 trunc., PRAME, LAGE-1, and / or MAGE A3; (m) Survivin and at least one of pp65, gB, IE1, MTRII, US28, IGFBP2, IL10, ULI44, UL141, US11, HOS, IE2, TERT, Tetanus, NY-ESO-1, HER2, HER3, HVEM, HPV16E6, HPV18E6, HPV16E7, HPV18E7, EBNA1, EBNA trunc, gp350, LMP2, GCP3, Middle S, X Protein, TIGIT, TEM8, TEM1, HER2 ECD+TM, CEA, TARP, PROSTEIN, PSMA, BIRC4, MUCIN-1, MUCIN-1 iso, CD40-L, WT-1, WT-1 trunc., PRAME, LAGE-1, and / or MAGE A3; (n) Tetanus and at least one of pp65, gB, IE1, MTRII, US28, IGFBP2, IL10, ULI44, UL141, US11, HOS, IE2, TERT, Survivin, NY-ESO-1, HER2, HER3, HVEM, HPV16E6, HPV18E6, HPV16E7, HPV18E7, EBNA1, EBNA trunc, gp350, LMP2, GCP3, Middle S, X Protein, TIGIT, TEM8, TEM1, HER2 ECD+TM, CEA, TARP, PROSTEIN, PSMA, BIRC4, MUCIN-1, MUCIN-1 iso, CD40-L, WT-1, WT-1 trunc., PRAME, LAGE-1, and / or MAGE A3; (o) NY-ESO-1 and at least one of pp65, gB, IE1, MTRII, US28, IGFBP2, IL10, ULI44, UL141, US11, HOS, IE2, TERT, Survivin, Tetanus, HER2, HER3, HVEM, HPV16E6, HPV18E6, HPV16E7, HPV18E7, EBNA1, EBNA trunc, gp350, LMP2, GCP3, Middle S, X Protein, TIGIT, TEM8, TEM1, HER2 ECD+TM, CEA, TARP, PROSTEIN, PSMA, BIRC4, MUCIN-1, MUCIN-1 iso, CD40-L, WT-1, WT-1 trunc., PRAME, LAGE-1, and / or MAGE A3; (p) HER2 and at least one of pp65, gB, IE1, MTRII, US28, IGFBP2, IL10, UL144, UL141, US11, HOS, IE2, TERT, Survivin, Tetanus, NY-ESO-1, HER3, HVEM, HPV16E6, HPV18E6, HPV16E7, HPV18E7, EBNA1, EBNA trunc, gp350, LMP2, GCP3, Middle S, X Protein, TIGIT, TEM8, TEM1, HER2 ECD+TM, CEA, TARP, PROSTEIN, PSMA, BIRC4, MUCIN-1, MUCIN-1 iso, CD40-L, WT-1, WT-1 trunc., PRAME, LAGE-1, and / or MAGE A3; (q) HER3 and at least one of pp65, gB, IE1, MTRII, US28, IGFBP2, IL10, UL144, UL141, US11, HOS, IE2, TERT, Survivin, Tetanus, NY-ESO-1, HER2, HVEM, HPV16E6, HPV18E6, HPV16E7, HPV18E7, EBNA1, EBNA trunc, gp350, LMP2, GCP3, Middle S, X Protein, TIGIT, TEM8, TEM1, HER2 ECD+TM, CEA, TARP, PROSTEIN, PSMA, BIRC4, MUCIN-1, MUCIN-1 iso, CD40-L, WT-1, WT-1 trunc., PRAME, LAGE-1, and / or MAGE A3; (r) HVEM and at least one of pp65, gB, IE1, MTRII, US28, IGFBP2, IL10, UL144, UL141, US11, HOS, IE2, TERT, Survivin, Tetanus, NY-ESO-1, HER2, HER3, HPV16E6, HPV18E6, HPV16E7, HPV18E7, EBNA1, EBNA trunc, gp350, LMP2, GCP3, Middle S, X Protein, TIGIT, TEM8, TEM1, HER2 ECD+TM, CEA, TARP, PROSTEIN, PSMA, BIRC4, MUCIN-1, MUCIN-1 iso, CD40-L, WT-1, WT-1 trunc., PRAME, LAGE-1, and / or MAGE A3; (s) HOS and at least one of pp65, gB, IE1, MTRII, US28, IGFBP2, IL10, ULI44, UL141, US11, IE2, TERT, Survivin, Tetanus, NY-ESO-1, HER2, HER3, HVEM, HPV16E6, HPV18E6, HPV16E7, HPV18E7, EBNA1, EBNA trunc, gp350, LMP2, GCP3, Middle S, X Protein, TIGIT, TEM8, TEM1, HER2 ECD+TM, CEA, TARP, PROSTEIN, PSMA, BIRC4, MUCIN-1, MUCIN-1 iso, CD40-L, WT-1, WT-1 trunc., PRAME, LAGE-1, and / or MAGE A3; (t) HPV16E6 and at least one of pp65, gB, IE1, MTRII, US28, IGFBP2, IL10, UL144, UL141, US11, HOS, IE2, TERT, Survivin, Tetanus, NY-ESO-1, HER2, HER3, HVEM, HPV18E6, HPV16E7, HPV18E7, EBNA1, EBNA trunc, gp350, LMP2, GCP3, Middle S, X Protein, TIGIT, TEM8, TEM1, HER2 ECD+TM, CEA, TARP, PROSTEIN, PSMA, BIRC4, MUCIN-1, MUCIN-1 iso, CD40-L, WT-1, WT-1 trunc., PRAME, LAGE-1, and / or MAGE A3; (u) HPV18E6 and at least one of pp65, gB, IE1, MTRII, US28, IGFBP2, IL10, UL144, UL141, US11, HOS, IE2, TERT, Survivin, Tetanus, NY-ESO-1, HER2, HER3, HVEM, HPV16E6, HPV16E7, HPV18E7, EBNA1, EBNA trunc, gp350, LMP2, GCP3, Middle S, X Protein, TIGIT, TEM8, TEM1, HER2 ECD+TM, CEA, TARP, PROSTEIN, PSMA, BIRC4, MUCIN-1, MUCIN-1 iso, CD40-L, WT-1, WT-1 trunc., PRAME, LAGE-1, and / or MAGE A3; (v) HPV16E7 and at least one of pp65, gB, IE1, MTRII, US28, IGFBP2, IL10, UL144, UL141, US11, HOS, IE2, TERT, Survivin, Tetanus, NY-ESO-1, HER2, HER3, HVEM, HPV16E6, HPV18E6, HPV18E7, EBNA1, EBNA trunc, gp350, LMP2, GCP3, Middle S, X Protein, TIGIT, TEM8, TEM1, HER2 ECD+TM, CEA, TARP, PROSTEIN, PSMA, BIRC4, MUCIN-1, MUCIN-1 iso, CD40-L, WT-1, WT-1 trunc., PRAME, LAGE-1, and / or MAGE A3; (w) HPV18E7 and at least one of pp65, gB, IE1, MTRII, US28, IGFBP2, IL10, UL144, UL141, US11, HOS, IE2, TERT, Survivin, Tetanus, NY-ESO-1, HER2, HER3, HVEM, HPV16E6, HPV18E6, HPV16E7, EBNA1, EBNA trunc, gp350, LMP2, GCP3, Middle S, X Protein, TIGIT, TEM8, TEM1, HER2 ECD+TM, CEA, TARP, PROSTEIN, PSMA, BIRC4, MUCIN-1, MUCIN-1 iso, CD40-L, WT-1, WT-1 trunc., PRAME, LAGE-1, and / or MAGE A3; (x) EBNA1 and at least one of pp65, gB, IE1, MTRII, US28, IGFBP2, IL10, ULI44, UL141, US11, HOS, IE2, TERT, Survivin, Tetanus, NY-ESO-1, HER2, HER3, HVEM, HPV16E6, HPV18E6, HPV16E7, HPV18E7, EBNA trunc, gp350, LMP2, GCP3, Middle S, X Protein, TIGIT, TEM8, TEM1, HER2 ECD+TM, CEA, TARP, PROSTEIN, PSMA, BIRC4, MUCIN-1, MUCIN-1 iso, CD40-L, WT-1, WT-1 trunc., PRAME, LAGE-1, and / or MAGE A3; (y) EBNA1 trunc and at least one of pp65, gB, IE1, MTRII, US28, IGFBP2, IL10, ULI44, UL141, US11, HOS, IE2, TERT, Survivin, Tetanus, NY-ESO-1, HER2, HER3, HVEM, HPV16E6, HPV18E6, HPV16E7, HPV18E7, EBNA1, gp350, LMP2, GCP3, Middle S, X Protein, TIGIT, TEM8, TEM1, HER2 ECD+TM, CEA, TARP, PROSTEIN, PSMA, BIRC4, MUCIN-1, MUCIN-1 iso, CD40-L, WT-1, WT-1 trunc., PRAME, LAGE-1, and / or MAGE A3; (z) gp350 and at least one of pp65, gB, IE1, MTRII, US28, IGFBP2, IL10, ULI44, UL141, US11, HOS, IE2, TERT, Survivin, Tetanus, NY-ESO-1, HER2, HER3, HVEM, HPV16E6, HPV18E6, HPV16E7, HPV18E7, EBNA1, EBNA trunc, LMP2, GCP3, Middle S, X Protein, TIGIT, TEM8, TEM1, HER2 ECD+TM, CEA, TARP, PROSTEIN, PSMA, BIRC4, MUCIN-1, MUCIN-1 iso, CD40-L, WT-1, WT-1 trunc., PRAME, LAGE-1, and / or MAGE A3; (aa) LMP2 and at least one of pp65, gB, IE1, MTRII, US28, IGFBP2, IL10, ULI44, UL141, US11, HOS, IE2, TERT, Survivin, Tetanus, NY-ESO-1, HER2, HER3, HVEM, HPV16E6, HPV18E6, HPV16E7, HPV18E7, EBNA1, EBNA trunc, gp350, GCP3, Middle S, X Protein, TIGIT, TEM8, TEM1, HER2 ECD+TM, CEA, TARP, PROSTEIN, PSMA, BIRC4, MUCIN-1, MUCIN-1 iso, CD40-L, WT-1, WT-1 trunc., PRAME, LAGE-1, and / or MAGE A3; (ab) GCP3 and at least one of pp65, gB, IE1, MTRII, US28, IGFBP2, IL10, ULI44, UL141, US11, HOS, IE2, TERT, Survivin, Tetanus, NY-ESO-1, HER2, HER3, HVEM, HPV16E6, HPV18E6, HPV16E7, HPV18E7, EBNA1, EBNA trunc, gp350, LMP2, Middle S, X Protein, TIGIT, TEM8, TEM1, HER2 ECD+TM, CEA, TARP, PROSTEIN, PSMA, BIRC4, MUCIN-1, MUCIN-1 iso, CD40-L, WT-1, WT-1 trunc., PRAME, LAGE-1, and / or MAGE A3; (ac) Middle S and at least one of pp65, gB, IE1, MTRII, US28, IGFBP2, IL10, ULI44, UL141, US11, HOS, IE2, TERT, Survivin, Tetanus, NY-ESO-1, HER2, HER3, HVEM, HPV16E6, HPV18E6, HPV16E7, HPV18E7, EBNA1, EBNA trunc, gp350, LMP2, GCP3, X Protein, TIGIT, TEM8, TEM1, HER2 ECD+TM, CEA, TARP, PROSTEIN, PSMA, BIRC4, MUCIN-1, MUCIN-1 iso, CD40-L, WT-1, WT-1 trunc, FRAME, LAGE-1, and / or MAGE A3; (ad) X Protein and at least one of pp65, gB, IE1, MTRII, US28, IGFBP2, IL10, UL144, UL141, US11, HOS, IE2, TERT, Survivin, Tetanus, NY-ESO-1, HER2, HER3, HVEM, HPV16E6, HPV18E6, HPV16E7, HPV18E7, EBNA1, EBNA trunc, gp350, LMP2, GCP3, Middle S, TIGIT, TEM8, TEM1, HER2 ECD+TM, CEA, TARP, PROSTEIN, PSMA, BIRC4, MUCIN-1, MUCIN-1 iso, CD40-L, WT-1, WT-1 trunc., FRAME, LAGE-1, and / or MAGE A3; (ae) TIGIT and at least one of pp65, gB, IE1, MTRII, US28, IGFBP2, IL10, ULI44, UL141, US11, HOS, IE2, TERT, Survivin, Tetanus, NY-ESO-1, HER2, HER3, HVEM, HPV16E6, HPV18E6, HPV16E7, HPV18E7, EBNA1, EBNA trunc, gp350, LMP2, GCP3, Middle S, X Protein, TEM8, TEM1, HER2 ECD+TM, CEA, TARP, PROSTEIN, PSMA, BIRC4, MUCIN-1, MUCIN-1 iso, CD40-L, WT-1, WT-1 trunc., FRAME, LAGE-1, and / or MAGE A3; (af) TEM8 and at least one of pp65, gB, IE1, MTRII, US28, IGFBP2, IL10, ULI44, UL141, US11, HOS, IE2, TERT, Survivin, Tetanus, NY-ESO-1, HER2, HER3, HVEM, HPV16E6, HPV18E6, HPV16E7, HPV18E7, EBNA1, EBNA trunc, gp350, LMP2, GCP3, Middle S, X Protein, TIGIT, TEM1, HER2 ECD+TM, CEA, TARP, PROSTEIN, PSMA, BIRC4, MUCIN-1, MUCIN-1 iso, CD40-L, WT-1, WT-1 trunc., FRAME, LAGE-1, and / or MAGE A3; (ag) TEM1 and at least one of pp65, gB, IE1, MTRII, US28, IGFBP2, IL10, ULI44, UL141, US11, HOS, IE2, TERT, Survivin, Tetanus, NY-ESO-1, HER2, HER3, HVEM, HPV16E6, HPV18E6, HPV16E7, HPV18E7, EBNA1, EBNA trunc, gp350, LMP2, GCP3, Middle S, X Protein, TIGIT, TEM8, HER2 ECD+TM, CEA, TARP, PROSTEIN, PSMA, BIRC4, MUCIN-1, MUCIN-1 iso, CD40-L, WT-1, WT-1 trunc., FRAME, LAGE-1, and / or MAGE A3; (ah) HER2 ECD+TM and at least one of pp65, gB, IE1, MTRII, US28, IGFBP2, IL10, UL144, UL141, US11, HOS, IE2, TERT, Survivin, Tetanus, NY-ESO-1, HER2, HER3, HVEM, HPV16E6, HPV18E6, HPV16E7, HPV18E7, EBNA1, EBNA trunc, gp350, LMP2, GCP3, Middle S, X Protein, TIGIT, TEM8, TEM1, CEA, TARP, PROSTEIN, PSMA, BIRC4, MUCIN-1, MUCIN-1 iso, CD40-L, WT-1, WT-1 trunc., FRAME, LAGE-1, and / or MAGE A3; (ai) CEA and at least one of pp65, gB, IE1, MTRII, US28, IGFBP2, IL10, UL144, UL141, US11, HOS, IE2, TERT, Survivin, Tetanus, NY-ESO-1, HER2, HER3, HVEM, HPV16E6, HPV18E6, HPV16E7, HPV18E7, EBNA1, EBNA trunc, gp350, LMP2, GCP3, Middle S, X Protein, TIGIT, TEM8, TEM1, HER2 ECD+TM, TARP, PROSTEIN, PSMA, BIRC4, MUCIN-1, MUCIN-1 iso, CD40-L, WT-1, WT-1 trunc., FRAME, LAGE-1, and / or MAGE A3; (aj) TARP and at least one of pp65, gB, IE1, MTRII, US28, IGFBP2, IL10, UL144, UL141, US11, HOS, IE2, TERT, Survivin, Tetanus, NY-ESO-1, HER2, HER3, HVEM, HPV16E6, HPV18E6, HPV16E7, HPV18E7, EBNA1, EBNA trunc, gp350, LMP2, GCP3, Middle S, X Protein, TIGIT, TEM8, TEM1, HER2 ECD+TM, CEA, PROSTEIN, PSMA, BIRC4, MUCIN-1, MUCIN-1 iso, CD40-L, WT-1, WT-1 trunc, FRAME, LAGE-1, and / or MAGE A3; (ak) PROSTEIN and at least one of pp65, gB, IE1, MTRII, US28, IGFBP2, IL10, UL144, UL141, US11, HOS, IE2, TERT, Survivin, Tetanus, NY-ESO-1, HER2, HER3, HVEM, HPV16E6, HPV18E6, HPV16E7, HPV18E7, EBNA1, EBNA trunc, gp350, LMP2, GCP3, Middle S, X Protein, TIGIT, TEM8, TEM1, HER2 ECD+TM, CEA, TARP, PSMA, BIRC4, MUCIN-1, MUCIN-1 iso, CD40-L, WT-1, WT-1 trunc., FRAME, LAGE-1, and / or MAGE A3; (al) PSMA and at least one of pp65, gB, IE1, MTRII, US28, IGFBP2, IL10, ULI44, UL141, US11, HOS, IE2, TERT, Survivin, Tetanus, NY-ESO-1, HER2, HER3, HVEM, HPV16E6, HPV18E6, HPV16E7, HPV18E7, EBNA1, EBNA trunc, gp350, LMP2, GCP3, Middle S, X Protein, TIGIT, TEM8, TEM1, HER2 ECD+TM, CEA, TARP, PROSTEIN, BIRC4, MUCIN-1, MUCIN-1 iso, CD40-L, WT-1, WT-1 trunc., FRAME, LAGE-1, and / or MAGE A3; (am) BIRC4 and at least one of pp65, gB, IE1, MTRII, US28, IGFBP2, IL10, ULI44, UL141, US11, HOS, IE2, TERT, Survivin, Tetanus, NY-ESO-1, HER2, HER3, HVEM, HPV16E6, HPV18E6, HPV16E7, HPV18E7, EBNA1, EBNA trunc, gp350, LMP2, GCP3, Middle S, X Protein, TIGIT, TEM8, TEM1, HER2 ECD+TM, CEA, TARP, PROSTEIN, PSMA, MUCIN-1, MUCIN-1 iso, CD40-L, WT-1, WT-1 trunc., FRAME, LAGE-1, and / or MAGE A3; (an) MUCIN-1 and at least one of pp65, gB, IE1, MTRII, US28, IGFBP2, IL10, ULI44, UL141, US11, HOS, IE2, TERT, Survivin, Tetanus, NY-ESO-1, HER2, HER3, HVEM, HPV16E6, HPV18E6, HPV16E7, HPV18E7, EBNA1, EBNA trunc, gp350, LMP2, GCP3, Middle S, X Protein, TIGIT, TEM8, TEM1, HER2 ECD+TM, CEA, TARP, PROSTEIN, PSMA, BIRC4, MUCIN-1 iso, CD40-L, WT-1, WT-1 trunc., FRAME, LAGE-1, and / or MAGE A3; (ao) MUCIN-1 iso and at least one of pp65, gB, IE1, MTRII, US28, IGFBP2, IL10, ULI44, UL141, US11, HOS, IE2, TERT, Survivin, Tetanus, NY-ESO-1, HER2, HER3, HVEM, HPV16E6, HPV18E6, HPV16E7, HPV18E7, EBNA1, EBNA trunc, gp350, LMP2, GCP3, Middle S, X Protein, TIGIT, TEM8, TEM1, HER2 ECD+TM, CEA, TARP, PROSTEIN, PSMA, BIRC4, MUCIN-1, CD40-L, WT-1, WT-1 trunc., FRAME, LAGE-1, and / or MAGE A3; (ap) CD40-L and at least one of pp65, gB, IE1, MTRII, US28, IGFBP2, IL10, ULI44, UL141, US11, HOS, IE2, TERT, Survivin, Tetanus, NY-ESO-1, HER2, HER3, HVEM, HPV16E6, HPV18E6, HPV16E7, HPV18E7, EBNA1, EBNA trunc, gp350, LMP2, GCP3, Middle S, X Protein, TIGIT, TEM8, TEM1, HER2 ECD+TM, CEA, TARP, PROSTEIN, PSMA, BIRC4, MUCIN-1, MUCIN-1 iso, WT-1, WT-1 trunc., FRAME, LAGE-1, and / or MAGE A3; (aq) WT-1 and at least one of pp65, gB, IE1, MTRII, US28, IGFBP2, IL10, UL144, UL141, US11, HOS, IE2, TERT, Survivin, Tetanus, NY-ESO-1, HER2, HER3, HVEM, HPV16E6, HPV18E6, HPV16E7, HPV18E7, EBNA1, EBNA trunc, gp350, LMP2, GCP3, Middle S, X Protein, TIGIT, TEM8, TEM1, HER2 ECD+TM, CEA, TARP, PROSTEIN, PSMA, BIRC4, MUCIN-1, MUCIN-1 iso, CD40-L, WT-1 trunc., PRAME, LAGE-1, and / or MAGE A3; (ar) WT-1 trunc and at least one of pp65, gB, IE1, MTRII, US28, IGFBP2, IL10, UL144, UL141, US11, HOS, IE2, TERT, Survivin, Tetanus, NY-ESO-1, HER2, HER3, HVEM, HPV16E6, HPV18E6, HPV16E7, HPV18E7, EBNA1, EBNA trunc, gp350, LMP2, GCP3, Middle S, X Protein, TIGIT, TEM8, TEM1, HER2 ECD+TM, CEA, TARP, PROSTEIN, PSMA, BIRC4, MUCIN-1, MUCIN-1 iso, CD40-L, WT-1, PRAME, LAGE-1, and / or MAGE A3; (as) PRAME and at least one of pp65, gB, IE1, MTRII, US28, IGFBP2, IL10, ULI44, UL141, US11, HOS, IE2, TERT, Survivin, Tetanus, NY-ESO-1, HER2, HER3, HVEM, HPV16E6, HPV18E6, HPV16E7, HPV18E7, EBNA1, EBNA trunc, gp350, LMP2, GCP3, Middle S, X Protein, TIGIT, TEM8, TEM1, HER2 ECD+TM, CEA, TARP, PROSTEIN, PSMA, BIRC4, MUCIN-1, MUCIN-1 iso, CD40-L, WT-1, WT-1 trunc., LAGE-1, and / or MAGE A3; (at) LAGE-1 and at least one of pp65, gB, IE1, MTRII, US28, IGFBP2, IL10, ULI44, UL141, US11, HOS, IE2, TERT, Survivin, Tetanus, NY-ESO-1, HER2, HER3, HVEM, HPV16E6, HPV18E6, HPV16E7, HPV18E7, EBNA1, EBNA trunc, gp350, LMP2, GCP3, Middle S, X Protein, TIGIT, TEM8, TEM1, HER2 ECD+TM, CEA, TARP, PROSTEIN, PSMA, BIRC4, MUCIN-1, MUCIN-1 iso, CD40-L, WT-1, WT-1 trunc., PRAME, and / or MAGE A3; and / or (au) MAGE A3 and at least one of pp65, gB, IE1, MTRII, US28, IGFBP2, IL10, ULI44, UL141, US11, HOS, IE2, TERT, Survivin, Tetanus, NY-ESO-1, HER2, HER3, HVEM, HPV16E6, HPV18E6, HPV16E7, HPV18E7, EBNA1, EBNA trunc, gp350, LMP2, GCP3, Middle S, X Protein, TIGIT, TEM8, TEM1, HER2 ECD+TM, CEA, TARP, PROSTEIN, PSMA, BIRC4, MUCIN-1, MUCIN-1 iso, CD40-L, WT-1, WT-1 trunc., PRAME, and / or LAGE-1. The order of the combination of antigens as described above in a particular LAMP construct can vary as this list describes what a LAMP construct comprises and not necessarily to describe the arrangement of the antigens within a particular construct. Moreover, it is specifically envisioned that these antigens can be combined within a single LAMP construct, or can be delivered in a composition comprising multiple LAMP constructs.

[00193] Additional examples of antigens that may be used in the bicistronic LAMP constructs herein include those disclosed, for example, in international publication WO 2018 / 204534, such as in Table 1 and Figs. 19-20 of that publication, or in international publication WO 2021 / 077051, such as in Table 1 and Fig. 11A of that publication. Both of these publications are incorporated herein by reference in their entireties.

[00194] In some cases the antigen used in the bicistronic LAMP constructs comprises a pp65 antigen, such as comprising SEQ ID NO: 291, 292, or 293, or one or more of the portions of SEQ ID NO: 291 shown in column 4 of Table A. In come cases, the antigen comprises SEQ ID NO: 292 or 293. In some cases the antigen used in the bicistronic LAMP constructs comprises a gB antigen, such as comprising SEQ ID NO: 294, 295, 296, or 297, or one or more of the antigen fragments from SEQ ID NO: 294 shown in column 4 of Table A. In come cases, the antigen comprises SEQ ID NO: 296 or 297. In some cases the antigen used in the bicistronic LAMP constructs comprises a 1E1 antigen, such as comprising SEQ ID NO: 298, 299, or 300, or one of more of the 1E1 polypeptide sequences shown in column 4 of Table A. In some cases, the antigen comprises SEQ ID NO: 299 or 300. In some cases, the antigen comprises more than one of a pp65, gB, and 1E1 antigen sequence, for example, joined by one or more linker peptide sequences, such as those shown in column 4 of Table A. In some cases, the antigen comprises each of a pp65, gB, and 1E1 antigen sequence, such as sequences selected from a set of antigen sequences (a) comprising SEQ ID NOs: 292 or 293, (b) comprising SEQ ID NOs: 296 or 297, and (c) comprising SEQ ID NOs: 299 or 300. Polynucleotide coding sequences for such pp65, gB, and 1E1 antigens, for example, may be used in a bicistronic LAMP construct along with an IREG protein coding sequence. For example, such constructs, in polypeptide, polynucleotide (i.e. DNA vector or self-replicating RNA vector), or cellular form may be used for treatment of a variety of cancers, such as those listed above, including, for example, cases in which the cancer (including all stages of progression, including hyperplasia) is an adenocarcinoma, sarcoma, skin cancer, melanoma, bladder cancer, brain cancer, breast cancer, uterine cancer, ovarian cancer, prostate cancer, lung cancer (including, but not limited to NSCLC, SCLC, squamous cell cancer), colorectal cancer, anal cancer, rectal cancer, cervical cancer, liver cancer, head and neck cancer, oral cancer, salivary gland cancer, esophageal cancer, pancreas cancer, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDA), renal cancer, stomach cancer, kidney cancer, multiple myeloma or cerebral cancer. In some cases, the cancer is glioblastoma multiforme. In some cases, the cancer is breast cancer. In some cases, the cancer is prostate cancer. In some cases, the cancer is head and neck cancer. In some cases, the cancer is colorectal cancer.

[00195] In other cases, the antigen comprises a Large T antigen, such as comprising the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 254, 255, or 256. In some cases, the antigen comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 255 or SEQ ID NO: 256. In some cases, the LAMPantigen construct within the bicistronic LAMP construct comprises the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 879 or SEQ ID NO: 880, both of which comprise the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 256 flanked by the homology domains of LAMP1, and including a signal sequence. SEQ ID NO: 879 further comprises a LAMP transmembrane domain and cytoplasmic region. In bicistronic LAMP constructs herein, the constructs may further comprise or encode an IREG protein. Constructs in which the antigen is a Large T antigen, for example, may be used in treatment of cancer, such as skin cancer, such as Merkel cell carcinoma. Such antigens may be combined with an IREG as a second polypeptide, examples of which are provided below and elsewhere in the disclosure. E. Exemplary Immune Response Enhancing-Genes (IREGs) for Use in Bicistronic LAMP Constructs

[00196] In some embodiments, the second polypeptide may include a domain or antigen encoded by an immune response enhancing-gene (IREG), which may increase T cell response and / or antibody response to the bicistronic LAMP-antigen construct. Examples of IREG polypeptides include, for example, CD40L, CD80, OX40, Flt3L, GM-CSF, IL-12, IL-21, IL-23, IL-15, CD70, CD86, IL-7, IL-18, IL-33, GM-CSF, 4-1BB, 4-1BBL, IL-27, or CCL20. 1. CD40 Ligand (CD40L)

[00197] In some embodiments, the IREG is CD40L. CD40L is a transmembrane protein expressed on the surface of activated T cells, particularly CD4 T cells. CD40L stimulates CD40-dependent activation of antigen-presenting cells (APCs), such as dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages, as well as B cells for enhancing T cell and antibody responses. In some embodiments, the CD40L is a soluble version of CD40L (sCD40L). In some embodiments, the sCD40L is a 4-trimer, i.e., a protein complex comprising a tetramer of trimers of CD40L. In some embodiments, the sCD40L is more soluble and / or has better secretion than native CD40L. Examples of such CD40L sequences include, but are not limited to an amino acid sequence at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100% sequence identity of SEQ ID NO: 204.

[00198] In some cases, the sCD40L is fused to another polypeptide, such as SPD. In some embodiments, the bicistronic construct comprises a second polynucleotide encoding an amino acid sequence at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99% or 100% sequence identity of SEQ ID NO: 196, 233, or 238, or a combination of SEQ ID NO: 131 or 133 followed by SEQ ID NO: 204. In some embodiments, the bicistronic construct comprises a second polynucleotide encoding an amino acid sequence at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99% or with 100% sequence identity of SEQ ID NO: 196, 233, or 238, or a combination of SEQ ID NO: 131 or 133 followed by SEQ ID NO: 204. In some cases, the coding sequence for the second polypeptide comprises a nucleotide sequence at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99% or with 100% sequence identity of SEQ ID NO: 239 or 237 or 205. 2. FLT3L

[00199] In some embodiments, the IREG is FLT3L. Examples of such FLT3L sequences include, but are not limited to an amino acid sequence at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100% sequence identity of SEQ ID NO: 151 or 209.

[00200] In some embodiments, the bicistronic construct encodes a second polypeptide that includes a human Flt3L polypeptide preceded by an SPD polypeptide, thus creating a fusion protein. In some such cases, the bicistronic construct encodes a second polypeptide with an amino acid sequence at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99% or with 100% sequence identity of SEQ ID NO: 207. 3.     IL-12

[00201] In some embodiments, the IREG is IL-12. Examples of such IL-12 sequences include, but are not limited to an amino acid sequence at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100% sequence identity of SEQ ID NO: 137, 139, 143, 145, 147, 149, 187, 189, 193, or 213.

[00202] In some embodiments, the nucleotide coding sequence for the IL-12 comprises a polynucleotide sequence with at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99% or 100% sequence identity of SEQ ID NO: 138, 140, 144, 146, 148, 150, 188, 190, 194, or 214. 4.     IL-21

[00203] In some embodiments, the IREG is IL-21. Examples of such IL-21 sequences include, but are not limited to an amino acid sequence at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100% sequence identity of SEQ ID NO: 179, 181, or 217.

[00204] In some embodiments, the nucleotide coding sequence for the IL-21 comprises a polynucleotide sequence with at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99% or 100% sequence identity of SEQ ID NO: 180, 182, or 218. 5.    0X40 Ligand (OX40L)

[00205] In some embodiments, the IREG is OX40L. Examples of such OX40L sequences include, but are not limited to an amino acid sequence at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100% sequence identity of SEQ ID NO: 153, 155, or 243. In some cases, the OX40L is fused to a heterologous signal peptide, such as that from IL-2. In some cases, the OX40L sequence is an extracellular domain sequence. In some cases, the OX40L extracellular domain is also fused to an Fc domain of an immunoglobulin. In some cases, the bicistronic construct comprises a second polynucleotide encoding an amino acid sequence at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99% or with 100% sequence identity of SEQ ID NO: 242 or a combination of SEQ ID NO: 246 or 248 followed by SEQ ID NO: 243. 6.     IL-15

[00206] In some embodiments, the IREG is IL-15. Examples of such IL-15 sequences include, but are not limited to an amino acid sequence at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100% sequence identity of SEQ ID NO: 167 or 169. In some embodiments, the nucleotide coding sequence for the IL-15 comprises a polynucleotide sequence with at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99% or 100% sequence identity of SEQ ID NO: 168 or 170.

[00207] In some cases, the IL-15 is expressed behind a heterologous signal sequence, such as IgKVIII or Ig-kappa. Examples of such IL-15 sequences include, but are not limited to an amino acid sequence at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100% sequence identity of SEQ ID NO: 225. In some embodiments, the nucleotide coding sequence for the IL-15 comprises a polynucleotide sequence with at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99% or 100% sequence identity of SEQ ID NO: 226. 7. CD80

[00208] In some embodiments, the IREG is CD80. Examples of such CD80 sequences include, but are not limited to an amino acid sequence at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100% sequence identity of SEQ ID NO: 157, 159, or 253. In some embodiments, the nucleotide coding sequence for the CD80 comprises a polynucleotide sequence with at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99% or 100% sequence identity of SEQ ID NO: 158 or 160 or 254.

[00209] In some cases, the CD80 is expressed behind a heterologous signal sequence, such as IL-2 signal sequence. In some cases, the CD80 is an extracellular domain of CD80. In some cases, the extracellular domain of CD80 is further fused to the Fc domain of an immunoglobulin. Examples of such sequences include, but are not limited to an amino acid sequence at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or 100% sequence identity of SEQ ID NO: 252 or 253. F. Exemplary Bicistronic LAMP Construct Sequences

[00210] In some embodiments, the bicitronic construct comprises a polynucleotide sequence that encodes a LAMP-antigen polypeptide comprising two homology domains of a luminal domain of a LAMP protein, and an antigenic domain heterologous to the LAMP protein, wherein the antigenic domain is placed between the two homology domains. In some cases, the first homology domain of LAMP comprises a polypeptide sequence with at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or with 100% sequence identity of residues 29 to the C-terminal of SEQ ID NO: 198 or residues 29-194 of SEQ ID NO: 1. In some cases, the second homology domain of LAMP comprises a polypeptide sequence with at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or with 100% sequence identity of SEQ ID NO: 202 or residues 228-381 of SEQ ID NO: 1.

[00211] In some embodiments, the bicistronic construct comprises a polynucleotide sequence with at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or with 100% sequence identity of SEQ ID NO: 230.

[00212] In some embodiments, the bicistronic construct comprises a polynucleotide sequence with at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or with 100% sequence identity of SEQ ID NO: 228.

[00213] In some embodiments, the bicistronic construct comprises a polynucleotide sequence with at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or with 100% sequence identity of SEQ ID NO: 197.

[00214] In some embodiments, the bicistronic construct comprises a polynucleotide sequence with at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or with 100% sequence identity of SEQ ID NO: 208.

[00215] In some embodiments, the bicistronic construct comprises a polynucleotide sequence with at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or with 100% sequence identity of SEQ ID NO: 212.

[00216] In some embodiments, the bicistronic construct comprises a polynucleotide sequence with at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or with 100% sequence identity of SEQ ID NO: 216.

[00217] In some embodiments, the bicistronic construct comprises a polynucleotide sequence with at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or with 100% sequence identity of SEQ ID NO: 222.

[00218] In some embodiments, the bicistronic construct comprises a polynucleotide sequence with at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or with 100% sequence identity of SEQ ID NO: 241.

[00219] In some embodiments, the bicistronic construct comprises a polynucleotide sequence with at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or with 100% sequence identity of SEQ ID NO: 251.

[00220] In some embodiments, the bicistronic construct comprises a polynucleotide sequence with at least 60%, at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, at least 99%, or with 100% sequence identity of SEQ ID NO: 235. G. Assembly of Sequences Encoding Bicistronic LAMP constructs

[00221] Procedures for constructing bicistronic LAMP constructs comprising the antigen of interest are well known in the art (see e.g., Williams, et al., J. Cell Biol. Ill: 955, 1990). DNA sequences encoding the desired segments can be obtained from readily available recombinant DNA materials such as those available from the American Type Culture Collection, 12301 Parklawn Drive, Rockville, Md. 20852, U.S.A., or from DNA libraries that contain the desired DNA.

[00222] For example, the DNA segments corresponding to the desired domain sequences can be assembled with appropriate control and signal sequences using routine procedures of recombinant DNA methodology. See, e.g., as described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,593,002, and Langford, et al., Molec. Cell. Biol. 6: 3191, 1986.

[00223] A DNA sequence encoding a protein or polypeptide can be synthesized chemically or isolated by one of several approaches. The DNA sequence to be synthesized can be designed with the appropriate codons for the desired amino acid sequence. In general, one will select preferred codons for the intended host in which the sequence will be used for expression. The complete sequence may be assembled from overlapping oligonucleotides prepared by standard methods and assembled into a complete coding sequence. See, e.g., Edge, Nature 292: 756, 1981; Nambair, et al. Science 223: 1299, 1984; Jay, et al., J. Biol. Chern. 259: 6311, 1984.

[00224] In one aspect, one or more of the polynucleotides encoding the domain sequences of a bicistronic LAMP construct are isolated individually using the polymerase chain reaction (M. A. Innis, et al., In PCR Protocols: A Guide to Methods and Applications, Academic Press, 1990). The domains are preferably isolated from publicly available clones known to contain them, but they may also be isolated from genomic DNA or cDNA libraries. Preferably, isolated fragments are bordered by compatible restriction endonuclease sites which allow a bicistronic LAMP construct encoding the antigen sequence to be constructed. This technique is well known to those of skill in the art. Domain sequences may be fused directly to each other (e.g., with no intervening sequences), or inserted into one another (e.g., where domain sequences are discontinuous), or may be separated by intervening sequences (e.g., such as linker sequences).

[00225] The basic strategies for preparing oligonucleotide primers, probes and DNA libraries, as well as their screening by nucleic acid hybridization, are well known to those of ordinary skill in the art. See, e.g., Sambrook, et al., 1989, supra; Perbal, 1984, supra. The construction of an appropriate genomic DNA or cDNA library is within the skill of the art. See, e.g., Perbal, 1984, supra. Alternatively, suitable DNA libraries or publicly available clones are available from suppliers of biological research materials, such as Clonetech and Stratagene, as well as from public depositories such as the American Type Culture Collection.

[00226] Selection may be accomplished by expressing sequences from an expression library of DNA and detecting the expressed peptides immunologically. Clones which express peptides that bind to MHC II molecules and to the desired antibodies / T cell receptors are selected. These selection procedures are well known to those of ordinary skill in the art (see, e.g., Sambrook, et al., 1989, supra).

[00227] Once a clone containing the coding sequence for the desired polypeptide sequence has been prepared or isolated, the sequence can be cloned into any suitable vector, preferably comprising an origin of replication for maintaining the sequence in a host cell. H. Nucleic Acid Delivery Vehicles

[00228] In one aspect, the disclosure provides a nucleic acid molecule (e.g. a plasmid or vector) comprising (i) a first polynucleotide sequence encoding an antigen as described herein fused in between a first homology domain of a LAMP protein and a second homology domain of a LAMP protein (or at least between two Cysteine Conserved Fragments), for example the at least one antigen of interest may be placed in, or may replace, the LAMP hinge region); and (ii) a second polynucleotide sequence encoding at least one IREG or further antigen operably linked to a secretion signal sequence, wherein the IREG or further antigen is secreted into the circulation of the subject. Further exemplary nucleic acid embodiments are described in the Summary and claims sections and throughout the disclosure herein.

[00229] The nucleic acid molecule can be provided as a vaccine composition and introduced into a cell. The cell may be a host cell for replicating the nucleic acid molecule or for expressing the bicistronic LAMP construct (providing the LAMP-antigen Construct) and the IREG or second antigen operably linked to a secretion signal sequence (such that a second polypeptide comprising the IREG or second antigen is secreted from the cell). Preferably, the host cell is an antigen presenting cell (described further below). In some embodiments, the vaccine comprises DNA, mRNA, or self-amplifying RNA.

[00230] In some embodiments, the first polynucleotide sequence encoding the LAMP-antigen Construct further comprises a polynucleotide sequence for insertion into a target cell and an expression control sequence operably linked thereto to control expression of the first polynucleotide sequence (e.g., transcription and / or translation) in the cell. Similarly, in some embodiments, the second polynucleotide sequence encoding the second polypeptide comprising the IREG or further antigen further comprises a polynucleotide sequence for insertion into a target cell and an expression control sequence operably linked thereto to control expression of the second polynucleotide sequence (e.g., transcription and / or translation) in the cell. The nucleic acid molecule comprising the first and second polynucleotide sequences may be provided as, for example, a plasmid, phage, autonomously replicating sequence (ARS), centromeres, and other sequences which are able to replicate or be replicated in vitro or in a host cell (e.g., such as a bacterial, yeast, or insect cell) and / or target cell (e.g., such as a mammalian cell, preferably an antigen presenting cell) and / or to convey the sequences expressed to a desired location within the target cell.

[00231] Recombinant expression vectors may be derived from micro-organisms which readily infect animals, including man, horses, cows, pigs, llamas, giraffes, dogs, cats or chickens. Certain vectors herein include those which have already been used as live vaccines, such as vaccinia. These recombinants can be directly inoculated into a host, conferring immunity not only to the microbial vector, but also to express foreign antigens. Some vectors contemplated herein as live recombinant vaccines include RNA viruses, adenovirus, herpesviruses, poliovirus, and vaccinia and other pox viruses, as taught in Flexner, Adv. Pharmacol. 21: 51, 1990, for example.

[00232] Expression control sequences include, but are not limited to, promoter sequences to bind RNA polymerase, enhancer sequences or negative regulatory elements to bind to transcriptional activators and repressors, respectively, and / or translation initiation sequences for ribosome binding. For example, a bacterial expression vector can include a promoter such as the lac promoter and for transcription initiation, the Shine-Dalgarno sequence and the start codon AUG (Sambrook, et al., 1989, supra). Similarly, a eukaryotic expression vector preferably includes a heterologous, homologous, or chimeric promoter for RNA polymerase II, a downstream polyadenylation signal, the start codon AUG, and a termination codon for detachment of a ribosome.

[00233] Expression control sequences may be obtained from naturally occurring genes or may be designed. Designed expression control sequences include, but are not limited to, mutated and / or chimeric expression control sequences or synthetic or cloned consensus sequences. Vectors that contain both a promoter and a cloning site into which a polynucleotide can be operatively linked are well known in the art. Such vectors are capable of transcribing RNA in vitro or in vivo, and are commercially available from sources such as Stratagene (La Jolla, Calif.) and Promega Biotech (Madison, Wis.).

[00234] In order to optimize expression and / or transcription, it may be necessary to remove, add or alter 5' and / or 3' untranslated portions of the vectors to eliminate extra, or alternative translation initiation codons or other sequences that may interfere with, or reduce, expression, either at the level of transcription or translation. Alternatively, consensus ribosome binding sites can be inserted immediately 5' of the start codon to enhance expression. A wide variety of expression control sequences—sequences that control the expression of a polynucleotide sequence operatively linked to it—may be used in these vectors to express the plynucleotide sequences of this disclosure. Such useful expression control sequences include, for example, the early or late promoters of SV40, CMV, vaccinia, polyoma, adenovirus, herpes virus and other sequences known to control the expression of genes of mammalian cells, and various combinations thereof.

[00235] The first and second polyncleotide sequences (encoding the LAMP-antigen Construct and the second polyeptide) may be expressed from the same or different expression control sequences. For example, a single promoter may be used for transcription of a bicistronic mRNA molecule encoding both polypeptides, or different promoters may be used to control expression of the two different polypeptides. Those skilled in the art will be aware that translation of the “second” of the encoded proteins may be achieved by the inclusion of a translation-enhancing element such as an internal ribosome entry site (IRES) (Plank et al., Wiley Interdiscip. Rev. RNA 3:195-212, 2012) or an unstructured junction sequence to achieve post-termination re-initiation of translation (Onishi et al., G3 (Bethesda) 6(12):4115-4125, 2016). However, in some embodiments, the polynucleotide sequences encoding the two polypeptides are expressed from different expression control sequences (e.g., different promoters).

[00236] In order to achieve secretion of the second polynucleotide, its coding sequence may include a polynucleotide sequence encoding a secretion signal sequence (also known as a leader sequence) typically 16-30 amino acids in length, so that expression of the second polynucleotide sequence being operably linked to the secretion signal sequence. Those skilled in the art are well aware of suitable secretion signal sequences and include, for example, the signal sequence of interleukin-2, CD5, the Immunoglobulin Kappa light chain (hereinafter referred to as the Ig-kappa leader), trypsinogen, serum albumin, and prolactin (Stern et al., Trends Cell Mol. Biol. 2:117, 2007; Kober et al., BiotechnoL Bioengin. 110:1164-1173, 2013). The secretion signal sequence may, in some cases, be a secretion signal sequence that is “native” to the IREG or second polypeptide antigen.

[00237] In one aspect, the nucleic acid molecule comprises an origin of replication for replication. Preferably, the origin functions in at least one type of host cell which can be used to generate sufficient numbers of copies of the sequence for use in delivery to a target cell. Suitable origins therefore include, but are not limited to, those which function in bacterial cells (e.g., such as Escherichia sp., Salmonella sp., Proteus sp., Clostridium sp., Klebsiella sp., Bacillus sp., Streptomyces sp., and Pseudomonas sp.), yeast (e.g., such as Saccharamyces sp. or Pichia sp.), insect cells, and mammalian cells. In one aspect, an origin of replication is provided which functions in the target cell into which the nucleic acid delivery vehicle is introduced (e.g., a mammalian cell, such as a human cell). In another aspect, at least two origins of replication are provided, one that functions in a host cell and one that functions in a target cell.

[00238] The nucleic acid molecule may alternatively, or additionally, comprise a polynucleotide sequence(s) to facilitate integration of at least a portion of the nucleic acid molecule (e.g., delivery vector) into a target cell chromosome. For example, the nucleic acid molecule may comprise regions of homology to target cell chromosomal DNA. In one aspect, the nucleic acid molecule is provided as a delivery vector which comprises two or more recombination sites which flank a nucleic acid sequence encoding the LAMP-antigen construct and the second polypeptide, and / or the bicistronic LAMP construct itself.

[00239] The vector may additionally comprise a detectable and / or selectable marker to verify that the vector has been successfully introduced in a target cell and / or can be expressed by the target cell. These markers can encode an activity, such as, but not limited to, production of RNA, peptide, or protein, or can provide a binding site for RNA, peptides, proteins, inorganic and organic compounds or compositions and the like.

[00240] Examples of detectable / selectable markers genes include, but are not limited to: DNA segments that encode products which provide resistance against otherwise toxic compounds (e.g., antibiotics); DNA segments that encode products which are otherwise lacking in the recipient cell (e.g., tRNA genes, auxotrophic markers); DNA segments that encode products which suppress the activity of a gene product; DNA segments that encode products which can be readily identified (e.g., phenotypic markers such as beta-galactosidase, a fluorescent protein (GFP, CFP, YFG, BFP, RFP, EGFP, EYFP, EBFP, dsRed, mutated, modified, or enhanced forms thereof, and the like), and cell surface proteins); DNA segments that bind products which are otherwise detrimental to cell survival and / or function; DNA segments that otherwise inhibit the activity of other nucleic acid segments (e.g., antisense oligonucleotides); DNA segments that bind products that modify a substrate (e.g., restriction endonucleases); DNA segments that can be used to isolate or identify a desired molecule (e.g., segments encoding specific protein binding sites); primer sequences; DNA segments, which when absent, directly or indirectly confer resistance or sensitivity to particular compounds; and / or DNA segments that encode products which are toxic in recipient cells.

[00241] The marker gene can be used as a marker for conformation of successful gene transfer and / or to isolate cells expressing transferred genes and / or to recover transferred genes from a cell. For example, in one aspect, the marker gene is used to isolate and purify antigen presenting cells expressing a bicistronic LAMP construct described herein.

[00242] Substantially similar genes may be provided, e.g., genes with greater than about 50%, greater than about 70%, greater than 80%, greater than about 90%, and preferably, greater than about 95% identity to a known gene. Substantially similar domain sequences may initially be identified by selecting a sequence which specifically hybridizes to a domain sequence of interest under stringent hybridization conditions. Performing assays to determine the suitability of homologous, variant, or modified domain sequences is merely a matter of screening for sequences which express the appropriate activity. Such screening is routine in the art.

[00243] The bicistronic LAMP construct encoding the LAMP-antigen construct and the second polypeptide may be provided as a naked nucleic acid molecule or in a delivery vehicle associated with one or more molecules for facilitating entry of a nucleic acid into a cell. Suitable delivery vehicles include, but are not limited to: liposomal formulations, polypeptides, polysaccharides, lipopolysaccharides, viral formulations (e.g., including viruses, viral particles, artificial viral envelopes and the like), cell delivery vehicles, and the like. I. Lipid-Based Formulations

[00244] Delivery vehicles designed to facilitate intracellular delivery of a nucleic acid molecule encoding a bicistronic LAMP construct must interact with both non-polar and polar environments (in or on, for example, the plasma membrane, tissue fluids, compartments within the cell, and the like). Therefore, preferably, delivery vehicles are designed to contain both polar and non-polar domains or a translocating sequence for translocating a nucleic acid molecule encoding a bicistronic LAMP construct into a cell.

[00245] Compounds having polar and non-polar domains are termed amphiphiles. Cationic amphiphiles have polar groups that are capable of being positively charged at, or around, physiological pH for interacting with negatively charged polynucleotides such as DNA.

[00246] The nucleic acid molecules comprising the biscistronic LAMP constructs can be provided in formulations comprising lipid monolayers or bilayers to facilitate transfer of the vectors across a cell membrane. Liposomes or any form of lipid membrane, such as planar lipid membranes or the cell membrane of an intact cell, e.g., a red blood cell, can be used. Liposomal formulations can be administered by any means, including administration intravenously or orally.

[00247] Liposomes and liposomal formulations can be prepared according to standard methods and are well known in the art, see, e.g., Remington's; Akimaru, 1995, Cytokines Mol. Ther. 1: 197-210; Alving, 1995, Immunol. Rev. 145: 5-31; Szoka, 1980, Ann. Rev. Biophys. Bioeng. 9: 467; U.S. Pat. No. 4,235,871; U.S. Pat. No. 4,501,728; and U.S. Pat. No. 4,837,028. In one aspect, the liposome comprises a targeting molecule for targeting a liposome:nucleic acid molecule (bicistronic LAMP construct herein) complex to a particular cell type. In a particular aspect, a targeting molecule comprises a binding partner (e.g., a ligand or receptor) for a biomolecule (e.g., a receptor or ligand) on the surface of a blood vessel or a cell found in a target tissue.

[00248] Liposome charge is an important determinant in liposome clearance from the blood, with negatively charged liposomes being taken up more rapidly by the reticuloendothelial system (Juliano, 1975, Biochem. Biophys. Res. Commun. 63: 651) and thus having shorter half-lives in the bloodstream. Incorporating phosphatidylethanolamine derivatives enhances the circulation time by preventing liposomal aggregation. For example, incorporation of N-(omega-carboxy)acylamidophosphatidylethanolamines into large unilamellar vesicles ofL-alpha-distearoylphosphatidylcholine dramatically increases the in vivo liposomal circulation lifetime (see, e.g., Ahl, 1997, Biochim. Biophys. Acta 1329: 370-382). Liposomes with prolonged circulation half-lives are typically desirable for therapeutic and diagnostic uses. For a general discussion of pharmacokinetics, see, e.g., Remington's, Chapters 37-39, Lee, et al., In Pharmacokinetic Analysis: A Practical Approach (Technomic Publishing AG, Basel, Switzerland 1996).

[00249] Typically, liposomes are prepared with about 5 to 15 mole percent negatively charged phospholipids, such as phosphatidylglycerol, phosphatidylserine or phosphatidyl-inositol. Added negatively charged phospholipids, such as phosphatidylglycerol, also serve to prevent spontaneous liposome aggregation, and thus minimize the risk of undersized liposomal aggregate formation. Membrane-rigidifying agents, such as sphingomyelin or a saturated neutral phospholipid, at a concentration of at least 50 mole percent, and 5 to 15 mole percent of monosialylganglioside can also impart desirably liposome properties, such as rigidity (see, e.g., U.S. Pat. No. 4,837,028).

[00250] Additionally, the liposome suspension can include lipid-protective agents which protect lipids against free-radical and lipid-peroxidative damages on storage. Lipophilic free-radical quenchers, such as alpha-tocopherol and water-soluble iron-specific chelators, such as ferrioxianine, may be used.

[00251] The bicistronic LAMP constructs described herein can also be incorporated into multilamellar vesicles of heterogeneous sizes. For example, vesicle-forming lipids can be dissolved in a suitable organic solvent or solvent system and dried under vacuum or an inert gas to form a thin lipid film. If desired, the film can be redissolved in a suitable solvent, such as tertiary butanol, and then lyophilized to form a more homogeneous lipid mixture which is in a more easily hydrated powderlike form. This film is covered with an aqueous solution of the peptide or polypeptide complex and allowed to hydrate, typically over a 15 to 60 minute period with agitation. The size distribution of the resulting multilamellar vesicles can be shifted toward smaller sizes by hydrating the lipids under more vigorous agitation conditions or by adding solubilizing detergents such as deoxycholate. The hydration medium preferably comprises the nucleic acid at a concentration which is desired in the interior volume of the liposomes in the final liposome suspension.

[00252] Following liposome preparation, the liposomes can be sized to achieve a desired size range and relatively narrow distribution of liposome sizes. One exemplary size range is about 0.2 to 0.4 microns, which allows the liposome suspension to be sterilized by filtration through a conventional filter, typically a 0.22-micron filter. Filter sterilization can be carried out on a high throughput basis if the liposomes have been sized down to about 0.2 to 0.4 microns. Several techniques are available for sizing liposome to a desired size (see, e.g., U.S. Pat. No. 4,737,323).

[00253] Suitable lipids include, but are not limited to, DOTMA (Feigner, et al., 1987, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 84: 7413-7417), DOGS or Transfectain™ (Behr, et al., 1989, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 86: 6982-6986), DNERIE or DORIE (Feigner, et al., Methods 5: 67-75), DC-CHOL (Gao and Huang, 1991, BBRC 179: 280-285), DOTAP™ (McLachlan, et al., 1995, Gene Therapy 2: 674-622), Lipofectamine™. and glycerolipid compounds (see, e.g., EP901463 and WO98 / 37916).

[00254] Other molecules suitable for complexing with the bicistronic LAMP constructs may include cationic molecules, such as, polyamidoamine (Haensler and Szoka, 1993, Bioconjugate Chern. 4: 372-379), dendritic polylysine (WO 95 / 24221), polyethylene irinine or polypropylene h-mne (WO 96 / 02655), polylysine (U.S. Pat. No. 5,595,897; FR 2 719 316), chitosan (U.S. Pat. No. 5,744,166), DNA-gelatin coacervates (see, e.g., U.S. Pat. No. 6,207,195; U.S. Pat. No. 6,025,337; U.S. Pat. No. 5,972,707) or DEAE dextran (Lopata, et al., 1984, Nucleic Acid Res. 12: 5707-5717). J. Viral-Based Gene Delivery Vehicles

[00255] In one aspect, the nucleic acid molecule comprising the bicistronic LAMP construct is provided as a delivery vehicle comprising a virus or viral particle. In this aspect, preferably, the nucleic acid molecule comprises a viral vector. Viral vectors, such as retroviruses, adenoviruses, adeno-associated viruses and herpes viruses, are often made up of two components, a modified viral genome and a coat structure surrounding it (see, e.g., Smith et al., 1995, Ann. Rev. Microbiol. 49: 807-838), although sometimes viral vectors are introduced in naked form or coated with proteins other than viral proteins. Most current vectors have coat structures similar to a wild-type virus. This structure packages and protects the viral nucleic acid and provides the means to bind and enter target cells.

[00256] Preferably, viral vectors comprising the bicistronic LAMP construct described herein are modified from wild-type viral genomes to disable the growth of the virus in a target cell while enabling the virus to grow in a host cell (e.g., such as a packaging or helper cell) used to prepare infectious particles. Vector nucleic acids generally essential cis-acting viral sequences for replication and packaging in a helper line and expression control sequences for regulating the expression of a polynucleotide being delivered to a target cell. Other viral functions are expressed in trans in specific packaging or helper cell lines as are known in the art.

[00257] Viral vectors may be derived from a virus selected from the group consisting of herpes viruses, cytomegaloviruses, foamy viruses, lentiviruses, Semliki forrest virus, AAV (adeno-associated virus), poxviruses, adenovirases and retroviruses. Such viral vectors are well known in the art.

[00258] In one aspect, a viral vector used is an adenoviral vector. The adenoviral genome consists of a linear double-stranded DNA molecule of approximately 36 kb carrying more than about thirty genes necessary to complete the viral replication cycle. The early genes are divided into 4 regions (El to E4) that are essential for viral replication with the exception of the E3 region, which is believed to modulate the anti-viral host immune response. The El region (EIA and EIB) encodes proteins responsible for the regulation of transcription of the viral genome. Expression of the E2 region genes (E2A and E2B) leads to the synthesis of the polypeptides needed for viral replication. The proteins encoded by the E3 region prevent cytolysis by cytotoxic T cells and tumor necrosis factor (Wold and Gooding, 1991, Virology 184: 1-8). The proteins encoded by the E4 region are involved in DNA replication, late gene expression and splicing and host cell shut off (Halbert, et al., 1985, J. Virol. 56: 250-257). The late genes generally encode structural proteins contributing to the viral capsid. In addition, the adenoviral genome carries at cis-acting 5' and 3' ITRs (Inverted Terminal Repeat) and packaging sequences essential for DNA replication. The ITRs harbor origins of DNA replication while the encapsidation region is required for the packaging of adenoviral DNA into infectious particles.

[00259] Adenoviral vectors can be engineered to be conditionally replicative (CRAd vectors) in order to replicate selectively in specific cells (e.g., such as proliferative cells) as described in Heise and Kim (2000, J. Clin. Invest. 105: 847-85 1). In another aspect, an adenoviral vector is replication-defective for the El function (e.g., by total or partial deletion or mutagenesis of El). The adenoviral backbone of the vector may comprise additional modifications (deletions, insertions or mutations in one or more viral genes). An example of an E2 modification is illustrated by the thermosensitive mutation localized on the DBP (DNA Binding Protein) encoding gene (Ensinger et al., 1972, J. Virol. 10: 328-339). The adenoviral sequence may also be deleted of all or part of the E4 region (see, e.g., EP 974 668; Christ, et al., 2000, Human Gene Ther. 11: 415-427; Lusky, et al., 1999, J. Virol. 73: 8308-8319). Additional deletions within the non-essential E3 region may allow the size of the polynucleotide being delivered to be increased (Yeh, et al., 1997, FASEB Journal 11: 615 623). However, it may be advantageous to retain all or part of the E3 sequences coding for polypeptides (e.g., such as gpl9k) allowing the virus to escape the immune system (Gooding, et al., 1990, Critical Review of Immunology 10: 53-71) or inflammatory reactions (EP 00440267.3).

[00260] Second generation vectors retaining the ITRs and packaging sequences and comprising substantial genetic modifications to abolish the residual synthesis of the viral antigens also may be used in order to improve long-term expression of the expressed gene in the transduced cells (see, e.g., WO 94 / 28152; Lusky, et al., 1998, J. Virol 72: 2022-2032).

[00261] The nucleic acid molecules of the disclosure being introduced into the cell may be inserted in any location of the viral genome, with the exception of the cis-acting sequences. Preferably, it is inserted in replacement of a deleted region (El, E3 and / or E4), preferably, within a deleted El region.

[00262] Adenoviruses can be derived from any human or animal source, in particular canine (e.g. CAV-1 or CAV-2 Genbank ref. CAVIGENOM and CAV77082, respectively), avian (Genbank ref. AAVEDSDNA), bovine (such as BAV3; Reddy, et al., 1998, J. Virol. 72: 1394 1402), murine (Genbank ref. ADRMUSMAVI), ovine, feline, porcine or simian sources or alternatively, may be a hybrid virus. Any serotype can be employed. In some cases, the human adenoviruses of the C sub-group are used, especially adenoviruses 2 (Ad2) and 5 (Ad5). Such viruses are available, for example, from the ATCC.

[00263] Adenoviral particles or empty adenoviral capsids also can be used to transfer nucleic acid molecules encoding a bicistronic LAMP construct by a virus-mediated cointernalization process as described in U.S. Pat. No. 5,928,944. This process can be accomplished in the presence of cationic agent(s) such as polycarbenes or lipid vesicles comprising one or more lipid layers.

[00264] Adenoviral particles may be prepared and propagated according to any conventional technique in the field of the art (e.g., WO 96 / 17070) using a complementation cell line or a helper virus, which supplies in trans the missing viral genes necessary for viral replication. The cell lines 293 (Graham et al., 1977, J. Gen. Virol. 36: 59-72) and PERC6 (Fallaux et al., 1998, Human Gene Therapy 9: 1909-1917) are commonly used to complement El deletions. Other cell lines have been engineered to complement defective vectors (Yeh, et al., 1996, J. Virol. 70: 559-565; Kroughak and Graham, 1995, Human Gene Ther. 6: 1575-1586; Wang, et al., 1995, Gene Ther. 2: 775-783; Lusky, et al., 1998, J. Virol. 72: 2022-203; EP 919627 and WO 97 / 04119). The adenoviral particles can be recovered from the culture supernatant but also from the cells after lysis and optionally further purified according to standard techniques (e.g., chromatography, ultracentrifugation, as described in WO 96 / 27677, WO 98 / 00524 WO 98 / 26048 and WO 00 / 50573).

[00265] Cell-type specific targeting may be achieved with vectors derived from adenoviruses having a broad host range by the modification of viral surface proteins. For example, the specificity of infection of adenoviruses is determined by the attachment to cellular receptors present at the surface of permissive cells. In this regard, the fiber and penton present at the surface of the adenoviral capsid play a critical role in cellular attachment (Defer, et al., 1990, J. Virol. 64: 3661-3673). Thus, cell targeting of adenoviruses can be carried out by genetic modification of the viral gene encoding fiber and / or penton, to generate modified fiber and / or penton capable of specific interaction with unique cell surface receptors. Examples of such modifications are described in Wickam, et al., 1997, J. Virol. 71: 8221-8229; Arriberg, et al., 1997, Virol. Chern 268: 6866-6869; Roux, et al., 1989, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 86: 9079-9083; Miller and Vile, 1995, FASEB J. 9: 190-199; WO 93 / 09221, and in WO 95 / 28494.

[00266] In a particular aspect, adeno-associated viral sequences are used as vectors. Vectors derived from the human parvovirus AAV-2 (adeno-associated virus type 2) are among the most promising gene delivery vehicles currently being developed. Several of the features of this system for packaging a single-stranded DNA suggest it as a possible alternative to naked DNA for delivery. A primary attractive feature, in contrast to other viral vectors such as vaccinia or adenovirus, is that AAV vectors do not express any viral genes. The only viral DNA sequences included in the vaccine construct are the 145 bp inverted terminal repeats (ITR). Thus, as in immunization with naked DNA, the only gene expressed is that of the antigen, or antigen chimera. Additionally, AAV vectors are known to transduce both dividing and non-dividing cells, such as human peripheral blood monocyte-derived dendritic cells, with persistent transgene expression, and with the possibility of oral and intranasal delivery for generation of mucosal immunity. Moreover, the amount of DNA required appears to be much less by several orders of magnitude, with maximum responses at doses of 1010 to 1011 particles or copies of DNA in contrast to naked DNA doses of 50 ug or about 1015 copies.

[00267] In one aspect, AAV vectors are packaged by co-transfection of a suitable cell line (e.g., human 293 cells) with the DNA contained in the AAV ITR chimeric protein encoding constructs and an AAV helper plasmid ACG2 containing the AAV coding region (AAV rep and cap genes) without the ITRs. The cells are subsequently infected with the adenovirus Ad5. Vectors can be purified from cell lysates using methods known in the art (e.g., such as cesium chloride density gradient ultracentrifugation) and are validated to ensure that they are free of detectable replication-competent AAV or adenovirus (e.g., by a cytopathic effect bioassay). AAV titer may be determined by quantitative PCR with virus DNA samples prepared after digestion with proteinase K. Preferably, vector titers produced by such a method are approximately 5x1012 to 1x1013 DNase resistant particles per ml.

[00268] In other aspects, retroviral vectors are used. Retroviruses are a class of integrative viruses which replicate using a virus-encoded reverse transcriptase, to replicate the viral RNA genome into double stranded DNA which is integrated into chromosomal DNA of the infected cells (e.g., target cells). Such vectors include those derived from murine leukemia viruses, especially Moloney (Gilboa, et al., 1988, Adv. Exp. Med. Biol. 241: 29) or Friend's FB29 strains (WO 95 / 01447). Generally, a retroviral vector is deleted of all or part of the viral genes gag, pol and env and retains 5' and 3' LTRs and an encapsidation sequence. These elements may be modified to increase expression level or stability of the retroviral vector. Such modifications include the replacement of the retroviral encapsidation sequence by one of a retrotransposon such as VL30 (see, e.g., U.S. Pat. No. 5,747,323). Preferably, the nucleic acid molecule of the disclosure is inserted downstream of the encapsidation sequence, preferably in opposite direction relative to the retroviral genome. Cell specific targeting may be achieved by the conjugation of antibodies or antibody fragments to the retroviral envelope protein as is known in the art.

[00269] Retroviral particles are prepared in the presence of a helper virus or in an appropriate complementation (packaging) cell line which contains integrated into its genome the retroviral genes for which the retroviral vector is defective (e.g., gag / pol and env). Such cell lines are described in the prior art (Miller and Rosman, 1989, BioTechniques 7: 980; Danos and Mulligan, 1988, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 85: 6460; Markowitz, et al., 1988, Virol. 167: 400). The product of the env gene is responsible for the binding of the viral particle to the viral receptors present on the surface of the target cell and, therefore determines the host range of the retroviral particle, in the context of the disclosure, it is advantageous to use a packaging cell line, such as the PA317 cells (ATCC CRL 9078) or 293EI6 (WO97 / 35996) containing an amphotropic envelope protein, to allow infection of human and other species' target cells. The retroviral particles are preferably recovered from the culture supernatant and may optionally be further purified according to standard techniques (e.g., chromatography, ultracentrifugation).

[00270] Other suitable viruses include poxviruses. The genome of several members of poxyviridae has been mapped and sequenced. A poxyviral vector may be obtained from any member of the poxyiridae, in particular canarypox, fowlpox and vaccinia virus. Suitable vaccinia viruses include, but are not limited to, the Copenhagen strain (Goebel, et al., 1990, Virol. 179: 247-266; Johnson, et al., 1993, Virol. 196: 381-401), the Wyeth strain and the modified Ankara (MVA) strain (Antoine, et al., 1998, Virol. 244: 365-396). The general conditions for constructing a vaccinia virus vector are known in the art (see, e.g., EP 83 286 and EP 206 920; Mayr et al., 1975, Infection 3: 6-14; Sutter and Moss, 1992, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 89: 10847-10851). Preferably, the polynucleotide of interest is inserted within a non-essential locus such as the noncoding intergenic regions or any gene for which inactivation or deletion does not significantly impair viral growth and replication.

[00271] Poxyviral particles are prepared as described in the art (Piccini, et al., 1987, Methods of Enzymology 153: 545-563; U.S. Pat. No. 4,769,330; U.S. Pat. No. 4,772,848; U.S. Pat. No. 4,603,112; U.S. Pat. No. 5,100,587 and U.S. Pat. No. 5,179,993). Generally, a donor plasmid is constructed, amplified by growth in E. coli and isolated by conventional procedures. Then, it is introduced into a suitable cell culture (e.g., chicken embryo fibroblasts) together with a poxvirus genome, to produce, by homologous recombination, poxyviral particles. These can be recovered from the culture supernatant or from the cultured cells after a lysis step (e.g., chemical lysis, freezing / thawing, osmotic shock, sonication and the like). Consecutive rounds of plaque purification can be used to remove contaminating wild type virus. Viral particles can then be purified using the techniques known in the art (e.g., chromatographic methods or ultracentrifugation on cesium chloride or sucrose gradients).

[00272] The use of vaccinia as a live virus vaccine in the global campaign to eradicate smallpox made vaccinia an obvious choice for development as a live recombinant vaccine vector. Live recombinant vaccinia viruses expressing close to 100 different foreign proteins have been reported, and a number of these are effective experimental vaccines (reviewed by Moss and Flexner, 1987). Vaccinia is particularly versatile as an expression vector because of its large genomic size, capability of accepting at least 25,000 base pairs of foreign DNA, and its ability to infect most eukaryotic cell types, including insect cells (ibid.). Unlike other DNA viruses, poxviruses replicate exclusively in the cytoplasm of infected cells, reducing the possibility of genetic exchange of recombinant viral DNA with the host chromosome. Recombinant vaccinia vectors have been shown to properly process and express proteins from a variety of sources including man, other mammals, parasites, RNA and DNA viruses, bacteria and bacteriophage.

[00273] The expression of DNA encoding a foreign protein is controlled by host virus regulatory elements, including upstream promoter sequences and, where necessary, RNA processing signals. Insertion of foreign DNA into nonessential regions of the vaccinia virus genome has been carried out by homologous recombination (Panicali, et al., Proc. Nat'l. Acad. Sci, USA, 79: 4927, 1982; Mackett, et al., Proc. Nat'l. Acad. Sci. USA, 79: 7415, 1982).

[00274] Expression of polypeptides by the nucleic acid molecule of the disclosure may occur because of transcriptional regulatory elements at or near the site of insertion or by more precise genetic engineering. Plasmid vectors that greatly facilitate insertion and expression of foreign genes have been constructed (Mackett, et al., J. Virol, 49: 857, 1982). These vectors contain an expression site, composed of a vaccinia transcriptional promoter and one or more unique restriction endonuclease sites for insertion of the foreign coding sequence flanked by DNA from a nonessential region of the vaccinia genome. The choice of promoter determines both the time (e.g., early or late) and level of expression, whereas the flanking DNA sequence determines the site of homologous recombination.

[00275] Only about one in a thousand virus particles produced by this procedure is a recombinant. Although recombinant virus plaques can be identified by DNA hybridization, efficient selection procedures have been developed. By using segments of nonessential vaccinia virus thymidine kinase (TK) gene as flanking sequences, the foreign gene recombines into the TK locus and by insertion inactivates the TK gene. Selection of TK virus is achieved by carrying out the virus plaque assay in TK cells in the presents of 5-bromodeoxyuridine. Phosphorylation of the nucleoside analogue and consequent lethal incorporation into viral DNA occurs only in cells infected with TK+ parental virus. Depending on the efficiency of the transfection and recombination, up to 80 of the plaques are desired recombinants, and the rest are spontaneous TK mutants.

[00276] Plasmid vectors that contain the E. coli beta-galactosidase gene, as well as an expression site for a second gene, permit an alternative method of distinguishing recombinant from parental virus (Chakrabarti, et al., Mol. Cell. Biol., 5: 3403, 1985). Plaques formed by such recombinants can be positively identified by the blue color that forms upon addition of an appropriate indicator. By combining both TI< selection and beta-galactosidase expression, recombinant virus is readily and quickly isolated. The recombinants are then amplified by propagation in suitable cell lines and expression of the inserted gene is checked by appropriate enzymological, immunological or physical procedures.

[00277] An upper limit to the amount of genetic information that can be added to the vaccinia virus genome is not yet known. However, the addition of nearly 25,000 base pairs of foreign DNA had no apparent deleterious effect on virus yield (Smith, et al., Gene, 25:21, 1983). Were it necessary, large segments of the vaccinia virus genome could be deleted to provide additional capacity (Moss, et al., J. Virol. 40: 387, 1981).

[00278] Viral capsid molecules may include targeting moieties to facilitate targeting and / or entry into cells. Suitable targeting molecules, include, but are not limited to: chemical conjugates, lipids, glycolipids, hormones, sugars, polymers (e.g., PEG, polylysine, PEI and the like), peptides, polypeptides (see, e.g., WO 94 / 40958), vitamins, antigens, lectins, antibodies and fragments thereof. Preferably, such targeting molecules recognize and bind to cell-specific markers, tissuespecific markers, cellular receptors, viral antigens, antigenic epitopes or tumor-associated markers.

[00279] Compositions comprising a bicistronic LAMP construct, based on viral particles may be formulated in the form of doses of between 10 and 1014 i.u. (infectious units), and preferably, between 10 and 1011 i.u. The titer may be determined by conventional techniques. The doses of bicistronic LAMP constructs are preferably comprised between 0.01 and 10 mg / kg, more especially between 0.1 and 2 mg / kg. K. Self-Replicating RNA

[00280] Self-replicating RNA virus vectors (also called self-amplifying RNA virus vectors) can also be constructed using the bicistronic LAMP construct described herein. For example, alphaviruses, flaviviruses, measle virus and rhabdoviruses can be used to generate self-replicating RNA virus vaccines. Exemplary strains of self-replicating RNA viruses include, but are not limited to rabies virus (RABV), vesicular stomatisitis virus (VSV), West Nile virus, Kunjin virus, Semliki Forest virus (SFV), Sindbis virus (SIN) and / or Venezuelan equine encephalitis virus (VEE).

[00281] Self-replicating RNA viruses express the native antigen upon delivery into tissue, thus mimicking live attenuated vaccines without having the risk of reversion to pathogenicity. They also stimulate the innate immune system, thus potentiating responses. See, e.g., Ljungberg, K. “ Self-replicating alphavirus RNA vaccines’’ Expert Rev Vaccines (2):177-94 (2015); Lundstrom, K., “Oncolytic Alphaviruses in Cancer Immunotherapy”, Vaccines 5:9 (2017); Lundstrom, K. “Replicon RNA Viral Vectors as Vaccines’’ Vaccines 4:39 (2016) (hereby incorporated by reference in their entirety). Use of self-replicating vaccines comprising the bicistronic LAMP constructs described herein can also be used in prime-boost protocols.

[00282] Moreover, self-replicating RNA viruses can also be encapsulated by liposomes, as described herein, to improve delivery and targeting. Immunization with self-replicating RNA viruses comprising a nucleic acid molecule described herein may provide higher transient expression levels of antigens resulting in generation of neutralizing antibody responses and protection against lethal challenges under safe conditions. L. Cell-Based Delivery Vehicles

[00283] The nucleic acid molecules according to the disclosure can be delivered to target cells by means of other cells (“delivery cells”) which comprise the constructs. Methods for introducing nucleic acid molecules into cells are known in the art and include micro injection of DNA into the nucleus of a cell (Capechi, et al., 1980, Cell 22: 479-488); transfection with CaP04 (Chen and Okayama, 1987, Mol. Cell Biol. 7: 2745 2752), electroporation (Chu, et al., 1987, Nucleic Acid Res. 15: 1311-1326); lipofection / liposome fusion (Feigner, et al., 1987, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 84: 7413-7417) and particle bombardment (Yang, et al., 1990, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 87: 9568-9572). Suitable cells include autologous and non-autologous cells, and may include xenogenic cells. Delivery cells may be induced to deliver their contents to the target cells by inducing their death (e.g., by providing inducible suicide genes to these cells). M. Accessory Molecules

[00284] The compositions comprising the nucleic acid molecules according to the disclosure may comprise one or more accessory molecules for facilitating the introduction of the nucleic acid molecule into a cell and / or for enhancing a particular therapeutic effect and / or enhancing antibody production.

[00285] In addition, the composition may include one or more stabilizing substance(s), such as lipids, nuclease inhibitors, hydrogels, hyaluronidase (WO 98 / 53853), collagenase, polymers, chelating agents (EP 890362), in order to inhibit degradation within the animal / human body and / or improve transfection / infection of the vector into a target cell. Such substances may be used alone or in combination (e.g., cationic and neutral lipids).

[00286] It has also been shown that adenovirus proteins are capable of destabilizing endosomes and enhancing the uptake of DNA into cells. The mixture of adenoviruses to solutions containing a lipid-complexed DNA vector or the binding of DNA to polylysine covalently attached to adenoviruses using protein cross-linking agents may substantially improve the uptake and expression of a bicistronic LAMP construct comprising a nucleic acid molecule (see, e.g., Curiel, et al., 1992, Am. I. Respir. Cell. Mol. Biol. 6: 247-252). N. Host Cells

[00287] Nucleic acid molecules according to the disclosure can be expressed in a variety of host cells, including, but not limited to: prokaryotic cells (e.g., E. coli, Staphylococcus sp., Bacillus sp.); yeast cells (e.g., Saccharomyces sp.); insect cells; nematode cells; plant cells; amphibian cells (e.g., Xenopus); avian cells; and mammalian cells (e.g., human cells, mouse cells, mammalian cell lines, primary cultured mammalian cells, such as from dissected tissues).

[00288] The molecules can be expressed in host cells isolated from an organism, host cells which are part of an organism, or host cells which are introduced into an organism. In one aspect, the nucleic acid molecules are expressed in host cells in vitro, e.g., in culture. In another aspect, the nucleic acid molecules are expressed in a transgenic organism (e.g., a transgenic mouse, rat, rabbit, pig, primate, etc.) that comprises somatic and / or germline cells comprising nucleic acids encoding the bicistronic LAMP construct herein. Methods for constructing transgenic animals are well known in the art and are routine.

[00289] Nucleic acid molecules as described herein also can be introduced into cells in vitro, and the cells (e.g., such as stem cells, hematopoietic cells, lymphocytes, and the like) can be introduced into the host organism. The cells may be heterologous or autologous with respect to the host organism. For example, cells can be obtained from the host organism, a nucleic acid molecule introduced into the cells in vitro, and then reintroduced into the host organism. O. Antigen Presenting Cells

[00290] In an aspect of the disclosure, a nucleic acid molecule as described herein is introduced into a natural or engineered antigen presenting cell.

[00291] The term “antigen presenting cell” (APC) as used herein intends any cell which presents on its surface an antigen in association with a major histocompatibility complex molecule, preferably a MHC class II molecule, or portion thereof. Examples of suitable APCs are discussed in detail below and include, but are not limited to, whole cells such as macrophages, dendritic cells, B cells, hybrid APCs, and foster antigen presenting cells. Methods of making hybrid APCs are described and known in the art.

[00292] Dendritic cells (DCs) are potent antigen-presenting cells. It has been shown that DCs provide all the signals required for T cell activation and proliferation. These signals can be categorized into two types. The first type, which gives specificity to the immune response, is mediated through interaction between the T-cell receptor / CD3 (“TCR / CD3”) complex and an antigenic peptide presented by a major histocompatibility complex (“MHC” defined above) class I or II protein on the surface of APCs. This interaction is necessary, but not sufficient, for T cell activation to occur. In fact, without the second type of signals, the first type of signals can result in T cell anergy. The second type of signals, called co-stimulatory signals, is neither antigenspecific nor MHC-restricted, and can lead to a full proliferation response of T cells and induction of T cell effector functions in the presence of the first type of signals.

[00293] Several molecules have been shown to enhance co-stimulatory activity. These include, but are not limited to, heat stable antigen (HSA), chondroitin sulfate-modified MHC invariant chain (li-CS), intracellular adhesion molecule I (ICAM-1), and B7 co-stimulatory molecule on the surface of APCs and its counter-receptor CD28 or CTLA-4 on T cells.

[00294] Other important co-stimulatory molecules are CD40, CD54, CD80, CD86. As used herein, the term “co-stimulatory molecule” encompasses any single molecule or combination of molecules which, when acting together with a peptide / MHC complex bound by a TCR on the surface of a T cell, provides a co-stimulatory effect which achieves activation of the T cell that binds the peptide. The term thus encompasses B7, or other co-stimulatory molecule(s) on an APC, fragments thereof (alone, complexed with another molecule(s), or as part of a fusion protein) which, together with peptide / MHC complex, binds to a cognate ligand and result in activation of the T cell when the TCR on the surface of the T cell specifically binds the peptide. Co-stimulatory molecules are commercially available from a variety of sources, including, for example, Beckman Coulter.

[00295] In one aspect of the disclosure, the method described in Romani et al., J. Immunol. Methods 196: 135-151, 1996, and Bender et al, J. Immunol. Methods 196: 121-135, 1996, are used to generate both immature and mature dendritic cells from the peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of a mammal, such as a murine, simian or human. Briefly, isolated PBMCs are pre-treated to deplete T- and B-cells by means of an immunomagnetic technique. Lymphocyte-depleted PBMC are then cultured for in RPMI medium 9 e.g., about 7 days), supplemented with human plasma (preferably autologous plasma) and GM-CSF / IL-4, to generate dendritic cells. Dendritic cells are nonadherent when compared to their monocyte progenitors. Thus, on approximately day 7, non-adherent cells are harvested for further processing.

[00296] The dendritic cells derived from PBMC in the presence of GM-CSF and IL-4 are immature, in that they can lose the nonadherence property and revert back to macrophage cell fate if the cytokine stimuli are removed from the culture. The dendritic cells in an immature state are very effective in processing native protein antigens for the MHC class II restricted pathway (Romani, et al., J. Exp. Med. 169:1169, 1989). Further maturation of cultured dendritic cells is accomplished by culturing for 3 days in a macrophage-conditioned medium (CM), which contains the necessary maturation factors. Mature dendritic cells are less able to capture new proteins for presentation but are much better at stimulating resting T cells (both CD4 and CD8) to grow and differentiate.

[00297] Mature dendritic cells can be identified by their change in morphology, such as the formation of more motile cytoplasmic processes; by their nonadherence; by the presence of at least one of the following markers: CD83, CD68, HLA-DR or CD86; or by the loss of Fc receptors such as CD 115 (reviewed in Steinman, Annu. Rev. Immunol. 9: 271, 1991). Mature dendritic cells can be collected and analyzed using typical cytofluorography and cell sorting techniques and devices, such as FACScan and FACStar. Primary antibodies used for flow cytometry are those specific to cell surface antigens of mature dendritic cells and are commercially available. Secondary antibodies can be biotinylated Igs followed by FITC- or PE-conjugated streptavidin.

[00298] Alternatively, others have reported that a method for upregulating (activating) dendritic cells and converting monocytes to an activated dendritic cell phenotype. This method involves the addition of calcium ionophore to the culture media convert monocytes into activated dendritic cells. Adding the calcium 21 ionophore A23187, for example, at the beginning of a 2448 hour culture period resulted in uniform activation and dendritic cell phenotypic conversion of the pooled “monocyte plus DC” fractions: characteristically, the activated population becomes uniformly CD 14 (Leu M3) negative, and upregulates HLA-DR, HLA-DQ, ICAM-1,137.1, and 137.2. Furthermore, this activated bulk population functions as well on a small numbers basis as a further purified. Specific combination(s) of cytokines have been used successfully to amplify (or partially substitute) for the activation / conversion achieved with calcium ionophore: these cytokines include but are not limited to G-CSF, GM-CSF, IL-2, and IL-4. Each cytokine when given alone is inadequate for optimal upregulation.

[00299] The second approach for isolating APCs is to collect the relatively large numbers of precommitted APCs already circulating in the blood. Previous techniques for isolating committed APCs from human peripheral blood have involved combinations of physical procedures such as metrizamide gradients and adherence / nonadherence steps (Freudenthal et al. PNAS 87: 7698-7702, 1990); Percoll gradient separations (Mehta-Damani, et al., J. Immunol. 153: 996-1003, 1994); and fluorescence activated cell sorting techniques (Thomas et al., J. Immunol. 151: 6840-52, 1993).

[00300] There are many other methods routine in the art for isolating professional antigen presenting cells (or their precursors) and that such methods and others which may be developed are not limiting and are encompassed within the scope of the disclosure.

[00301] In one embodiment, the APCs and therefore the cells presenting one or more antigens are autologous. In another embodiment, the APCs presenting the antigen are allogeneic, i.e., derived from a different subject.

[00302] As discussed herein, a nucleic acid molecule as described herein can be introduced into APCs using the methods described above or others known in the art, including, but not limited to, transfection, electroporation, fusion, microinjection, viral-based delivery, or cell based delivery. Arthur et al., Cancer Gene Therapy 4(1): 17-25, 1997, reports a comparison of gene transfer methods in human dendritic cells.

[00303] Known, partial and putative human leukocyte antigen (HLA), the genetic designation for the human MHC, amino acid and nucleotide sequences, including the consensus sequence, are published (see, e.g., Zemmour and Parham, Immunogenetics 33: 310-320, 1991), and cell lines expressing HLA variants are known and generally available as well, many from the American Type Culture Collection (“ATCC”). Therefore, using PCR, MHC class ILencoding nucleotide sequences are readily operatively linked to an expression vector of this disclosure that is then used to transform an appropriate cell for expression therein.

[00304] Professional APCs can be used, such as macrophages, B cells, monocytes, dendritic cells, and Langerhans cells. These are collected from the blood or tissue of 1) an autologous donor; 2) a heterologous donor having a different HLA specificity then the host to be treated; or 3) from a xenogeneic donor of a different species using standard procedures (Coligan, et. al., Current Protocols in Immunology, sections 3 and 14, 1994). The cells may be isolated from a normal host or a patient having an infectious disease, cancer, autoimmune disease, or allergy.

[00305] Professional APCs may be obtained from the peripheral blood using leukopheresis and “FICOLL / HYPAQUE” density gradient centrifugation (stepwise centrifugation through Ficoll and discontinuous Percoll density gradients). Procedures are utilized which avoid the exposure of the APCs to antigens which could be internalized by the APCs, leading to activation of T cells not specific for the antigens of interest.

[00306] Cells which are not naturally antigen presenting can be engineered to be antigen presenting by introducing sequences encoding appropriate molecules. For example, nucleic acid sequences encoding MHC class II molecules, accessory molecules, co-stimulatory molecules and antigen processing assisting molecules can be introduced after direct synthesis, cloning, purification of DNA from cells containing such genes, and the like. One expedient means to obtain genes for encoding the molecules used in the bicistronic LAMP constructs and methods described herein is by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) amplification on selected nucleic acid templates with selected oligonucleotide primer pairs. For example, epithelial cells, endothelial cells, tumor cells, fibroblasts, activated T cells, eosinophils, keratinocytes, astrocytes, microglial cells, thymic cortical epithelial cells, Schwann cells, retinal pigment epithelial cells, myoblasts, vascular smooth muscle cells, chondrocytes, enterocytes, thyrocytes and kidney tubule cells can be used. These may be primary cells recently explanted from a host and not extensively passaged in cell culture to form an established cell line, or established cell lines that are relatively homogeneous and capable of proliferating for many generations or indefinitely.

[00307] Cells that are not professional APCs are isolated from any tissue of an autologous donor; a heterologous donor or a xenogeneic donor, where they reside using a variety of known separation methods (Darling, Animal Cells: Culture and Media. J. Wiley, New York, 1994; Freshney, Culture of Animal Cells. Alan R. Liss, Inc., New York, 1987). Non-autologous cells, e.g., heterologous or xenogeneic cells, can be engineered ex vivo to express HLA class I and class II molecules that match known human HLA specificities. These cells can then be introduced into a human subject matching the HLA specificity of the engineered cells. The cells are further engineered ex vivo to express one or more LAMP Constructs according to the disclosure.

[00308] The engineered cells are maintained in cell culture by standard cell culture methods (Darling, Animal Cells: Culture and Media, J. Wiley, New York, 1994; Freshney, Culture of Animal Cells, Alan R. Liss, Inc., New York, 1987). Cell lines for use in the present disclosure are obtained from a variety of sources (e.g., ATCC Catalogue of Cell Lines & Hybidomas, American Type Culture Collection, 8th edition, 1995), or are produced using standard methods (Freshney, Culture of Immortalized Cells, Wiley-Liss, New York, 1996). Non-transformed cell lines are preferred for use in human subjects.

[00309] In one aspect, CD34+ precursors that are differentiating under the influence of GM-CSF into dendritic cells are obtained from the body of a subject and nucleic acid molecules encoding a bicistronic LAMP construct are introduced into the cells, which are then injected into the subject. Use of the nucleic acid molecules as described herein will enhance the association of peptides derived from a particular antigen with MHC class II molecules on the transduced antigen presenting cells, resulting in significantly more potent systemic T cell dependent immune responses and / or antibody production. While the antigen presenting cells transfected in this strategy are preferably autologous cells, any MHC class II cells that effectively present antigen in the host may be used as described above. P. Administration

[00310] Vaccine material according to this disclosure may contain the nucleic acid molecules encoding immune stimulatory bicistronic LAMP constructs described herein or may be recombinant microorganisms, or antigen presenting cells which express the immune stimulatory bicistronic LAMP constructs. Preparation and adm...

Claims

1. An isolated nucleic acid molecule comprisinga.     a first polynucleotide sequence encoding a polypeptide comprising twohomology domains of a luminal domain of a LAMP protein, and an antigenic domain heterologous to the LAMP protein (collectively a “LAMP-antigen Construct”), wherein the antigenic domain is placed between the two homology domains; and b.     a second polynucleotide sequence encoding at least one second polypeptidecomprising an immune response enhancing gene polypeptide (IREG) or an extracellular domain of an IREG comprising a secretion signal sequence; and wherein the isolated nucleic acid molecule comprises self-amplifying RNA.

2. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of claim 1, wherein the LAMP protein is selectedfrom LAMP-1, LAMP2, LAMP-3, lysosomal integral membrane protein-2 (“LIMP 2”), Macrosailin, Endolyn, LAMP5 or limbic system-associated membrane protein (“LIMBIC”).

3. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of claim 2, wherein the LAMP protein is selectedfrom any one of SEQ ID NO:1-113, or comprises an amino acid sequence at least 70%, at least 75%, at least 80%, at least 85%, at least 90%, at least 95%, at least 96%, at least 97%, at least 98%, or at least 99% identical to SEQ ID NO:1-113.

4. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of claim 2, wherein the LAMP protein is LAMP-1and wherein the two homology domains of the LAMP-antigen Construct comprise LAMP-1 Homology Domain 1 and LAMP-1 Homology Domain 2.

5. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of claim 4, wherein the human LAMP-1Homology Domain 1 comprises (a) the amino acid sequence of residues 29-194 of SEQ ID NO: 1 or comprises the amino acid sequence of residues 29-195 of SEQ ID NO: 198; or (b) a variant of (a) wherein said variant comprises an amino acid sequence at least 95% or at least 97% identical to the amino acid sequence of (a); and / or wherein the human LAMP-1 Homology Domain 2 comprises the amino acid sequence of residues 228-381 of SEQ ID NO: 1.

6. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of any one of claims 1-5, wherein the LAMPantigen Construct comprises a linker between at least one of the two homology domains and2023254186   10 Jun 2026the antigenic domain, optionally wherein the linker comprises an amino acid sequence of GPGPG or PMGLP.

7. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of any one of claims 1-6, wherein the LAMPantigen Construct further comprises:(a) a transmembrane domain of a LAMP Protein, optionally comprising residues 383 to 405 of SEQ ID NO: 1; and / or(b) a cytoplasmic domain of a LAMP Protein, optionally comprising residues 406-417 of SEQ ID NO: 1.

8. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of any one of claims 1-7, wherein the LAMPantigen Construct further comprises a signal sequence, optionally wherein the signal sequence is derived from a LAMP Protein, and optionally wherein the signal sequence comprises residues 1-28 of SEQ ID NO: 1 or residues 1-28 of SEQ ID NO: 198.

9. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of any one of claims 1-8, wherein the IREGcomprises one or more of CD40L, CD80, OX40, Flt3L, GM-CSF, IL-12, IL-21, IL-23, IL-15, CD70, CD86, IL-7, IL-18, or IL-33, or an extracellular domain thereof, optionally wherein the CD40L, CD80, OX40, Flt3L, GM-CSF, IL-12, IL-21, IL-23, or IL-15 is fused to an Fc domain of an immunoglobulin.

10. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of any one of claims 1-9, wherein the secretion signal sequence is heterologous to the IREG, optionally wherein the secretion signal sequence is derived from IgKVIII, Ig-kappa, tetranectin, or IL-2, and / or wherein the second polypeptide further comprises pulmonary surfactant associated protein D (SPD).

11. The isolated nucleic acid molecule of claim 10, wherein the second polypeptide is expressed under the control of an EF-1alpha core promoter, optionally comprising SEQ ID NO: 124.

12. An isolated nucleic acid molecule comprising:a.     a first polynucleotide sequence encoding a polypeptide comprising twohomology domains of a luminal domain of a LAMP protein, and an antigenic domain comprising HER2 extracellular domain (collectively "HER2-LAMP"), wherein the antigenic domain is placed between the two LAMP homology domains, optionally wherein the antigenic domain comprises or consists of the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 200 or wherein the HER2-LAMP comprises or consists of the amino2023254186   10 Jun 2026acid sequence of residues 1-194 of SEQ ID NO: 1 or of SEQ ID NO: 198 followed by the amino acid sequence of SEQ ID NO: 200 followed by the amino acid sequence of residues 228-381 of SEQ ID NO: 1 or of SEQ ID NO: 202; andb.     a second polynucleotide sequence encoding at least one second polypeptidecomprising an immune response enhancing gene polypeptide (IREG) or an extracellular domain of an IREG comprising a secretion signal sequence; and wherein the isolated nucleic acid molecule comprises self-amplifying RNA.

13. A composition comprising the isolated nucleic acid molecule any one of claims 1-12.

14. A host cell comprising the isolated nucleic acid of any one of claims 1-12.

15. A composition comprising the host cell of claim 14.

16. A method of treating a subject having a disease or a disorder or of inducing animmune response in a subject with a disease or disorder or at risk of developing a disease or disorder, wherein the method comprises administering to the subject the isolated nucleic acid molecule of any one of claims 1-12, the composition of claim 13, or the host cell of claim 14, in an amount sufficient to treat the disease or disorder or to induce an immune response in the subject.

17. The method of claim 16, wherein the method further comprises administering at least one second therapeutic to the subject.

18. Use of an isolated nucleic acid molecule of any one of claims 1-12, the composition of claim 13, or the host cell of claim 14, in the manufacture of a medicament for vaccination.

19. The use of claim 18, wherein at least one second therapeutic is to be administered to the subject.

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