Power outage alarm device, system and method based on wireless communication

Abstract

The present invention relates to a power outage alarm device and method based on wireless communication, which is mainly used in the field of power grid technology. The smart meter power outage alarm device includes: a power outage detection circuit, a super capacitor module and a communication module, wherein the power outage detection circuit, the input end is respectively connected to the smart meter power supply and the reference power supply voltage, and the output end is respectively connected to the super capacitor module and the communication module, as a condition for triggering the super capacitor module to start discharging; the super capacitor module is connected to the communication module, and according to the output of the power outage detection circuit, the discharge is started to supply power to the communication module; the communication module samples the signal at the output end of the power outage detection circuit, and if it is a power outage signal, an alarm event is generated and reported.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to a power failure alarm device and method based on wireless communication, which are mainly applied in the technical field of power grid. Background Art

[0002] In the current electricity consumption information collection system, when a power outage occurs in a smart meter, a power outage alarm event will be generated. Since the communication module on the smart meter cannot work due to the power outage, the power outage alarm event information can only be saved in the meter. After the next power-on, the power outage alarm event will be reported to the gateway unit, and then reported to the monitoring main station through the gateway unit.

[0003] Since the event is reported only after the next power-on, the time of reporting the event is uncertain, which will result in untimely event reporting, making it impossible for grid management personnel to discover the power outage of the smart meter in time, and thus unable to maintain the smart meter in time. Summary of the invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the above-mentioned problems and provide a power outage alarm device, system and method based on wireless communication to report power outage events of smart meters in real time.

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

[0006] The power failure alarm device of the smart meter includes: a power failure detection circuit, a super capacitor module and a communication module, wherein:

[0007] The power failure detection circuit has an input end connected to the power supply of the smart meter and the reference power supply voltage, and an output end connected to the super capacitor module and the communication module, as a condition for triggering the super capacitor module to start discharging;

[0008] The supercapacitor module is connected to the communication module and starts discharging to supply power to the communication module according to the output of the power failure detection circuit;

[0009] The communication module samples the signal at the output end of the power failure detection circuit, and if it is a power failure signal, an alarm event is generated and reported.

[0010] Preferably, the supercapacitor module includes a current limiting circuit, a supercapacitor voltage equalizing circuit, a switch circuit and a switching circuit, wherein:

[0011] The current limiting circuit has an input end connected to the power supply of the smart meter and an output end connected to the supercapacitor voltage equalization circuit to charge the supercapacitor;

[0012] The supercapacitor voltage-equalizing circuit is connected to the output end of the current-limiting circuit and is also connected to the switch circuit, and supplies power to the communication module when the switch circuit is turned on;

[0013] The switch circuit has a control end connected to the switch circuit, and the other two ends are connected to the supercapacitor voltage equalization circuit and the communication module respectively;

[0014] The switching circuit has an input end connected to the output end of the power failure detection circuit, and controls the switch circuit to be turned on or off according to the output of the power failure detection circuit.

[0015] Preferably, the switching circuit includes transistor Q4 and transistor Q3, wherein the base of transistor Q4 is connected to the output end of the power outage detection circuit, the collector is connected to the base of transistor Q3, and the emitter is grounded; the collector of transistor Q3 is connected to the control end of the switching circuit, and the emitter is grounded.

[0016] Preferably, the alarm system further comprises a power conversion circuit, whose input end is respectively connected to the power supply of the smart meter and the voltage output end of the switch circuit, and whose output end is connected to the communication module to supply power to the communication module.

[0017] The smart meter power outage alarm system based on wireless communication includes a monitoring main station, a gateway, and a smart meter, wherein:

[0018] The gateway is connected to the smart meter via wireless and is used to receive alarm events reported by the smart meter;

[0019] The monitoring main station is connected to the gateway via wireless, on the one hand, receiving the power outage alarm events collected by the network management, and on the other hand, sending commands to the gateway;

[0020] The smart electric meter includes the aforementioned power outage alarm device.

[0021] A smart meter power outage alarm method based on wireless communication, characterized by comprising:

[0022] A. After the smart meter is powered off, the supercapacitor module supplies power to the communication module of the smart meter. At the same time, after the communication module detects the power outage, it generates an alarm event and stores it in the cache area, and sets a random time T2;

[0023] B. After the random time T2 ends, the alarm event is reported to the gateway.

[0024] Preferably, the power-off smart meter sets a retransmission time T1; if the power-off smart meter receives a confirmation frame sent by the gateway before the retransmission time T1 expires, the alarm event is cleared; otherwise, the alarm event is re-reported after the retransmission time T1 expires.

[0025] A smart meter power outage alarm method based on wireless communication includes:

[0026] A. After the smart meter is powered off, the supercapacitor module supplies power to the communication module of the smart meter. At the same time, after the communication module detects the power outage, it generates an alarm event and stores it in the cache area; or after the smart meter receives the alarm event from its slave node, it stores it in the cache area; set the interval time T3;

[0027] B. If an alarm event is received from other child nodes within the interval T3, the interval T3 will be reset; otherwise, the alarm event of its cache area will be reported to its parent node;

[0028] C. The parent node receives the alarm event and records the interval time T3, and executes step B to report step by step until the alarm event is reported to the gateway.

[0029] Preferably, after the slave node completes a report, if its parent node does not report within the retransmission time T1 or the reported information does not include its own alarm event, the slave node reports the alarm event; otherwise, the slave node clears the alarm event.

[0030] Preferably, step B is as follows: if no alarm events are received from other child nodes within the interval time period T3, or the retransmission time T1 expires, the alarm events in its cache area are reported to its parent node; if alarm events are received from other child nodes within the interval time period T3, the interval time T3 is re-timed.

[0031] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and effects:

[0032] 1. The present invention is provided with a supercapacitor module and a power outage detection circuit. When a power outage occurs, the supercapacitor supplies power to the communication module. After the communication module detects a power outage through the power outage detection circuit, an alarm event is generated and reported, thereby realizing real-time reporting of power outage alarm events after a power outage occurs to the smart meter, and timely displaying the power outage situation of the smart meter in the power grid to the power grid monitoring personnel.

[0033] When the monitoring main station detects a power outage alarm event from a single smart meter, it can be determined that the incoming line is faulty and personnel need to be arranged to troubleshoot the problem.

[0034] The monitoring main station monitors that the smart meter with multiple power outage alarm events comes from one phase line. It can be determined that the output phase line at the input and output transformer end is faulty, and maintenance personnel need to be arranged on-site to troubleshoot the problem in a timely manner.

[0035] The monitoring main station monitors that all the smart meters in the substation report power outage alarm events, which can determine that there is a fault at the transformer end, and it is necessary to urgently arrange maintenance personnel to investigate the problem on site.

[0036] 2. Use a layered reporting method to reduce message blocking and conflicts, and reduce the number of times messages are sent.

[0037] 3. The present invention only upgrades and reconstructs the current electricity consumption information collection system. There is no need to replace the smart meter, saving installation costs. Only the communication part needs to be replaced to support real-time power outage event reporting, reducing reconstruction costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0038] Figure 1 It is a block diagram of the power outage alarm device of the present invention.

[0039] Figure 2 It is a circuit diagram of a supercapacitor module and a power outage detection circuit in a power outage alarm device of the present invention.

[0040] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the power outage alarm network of the present invention.

[0041] Figure 4 It is a power outage alarm flow chart of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0043] like Figure 1 As shown, the power failure alarm device of the smart meter in this embodiment includes: a power failure detection circuit 1, a super capacitor module 2 and a communication module 3, wherein:

[0044] The power failure detection circuit 1 has an input end connected to the power supply of the smart meter and the reference power supply voltage, and an output end connected to the super capacitor module 2 and the communication module 3, as a condition for triggering the super capacitor module 2 to start discharging;

[0045] The supercapacitor module 2 is connected to the communication module 3 and starts discharging to supply power to the communication module 3 according to the output of the power failure detection circuit 1;

[0046] The communication module 3 samples the signal at the output end of the power failure detection circuit 1, and generates an alarm event report if it is a power failure signal.

[0047] Preferably, the supercapacitor module 2 includes a current limiting circuit 2-1, a supercapacitor voltage equalizing circuit 2-2, a switch circuit 2-3 and a switching circuit 2-4, wherein:

[0048] The current limiting circuit 2-1 has an input end connected to the power supply of the smart meter and an output end connected to the supercapacitor voltage equalizing circuit 2-2 to charge the supercapacitor;

[0049] The supercapacitor voltage-equalizing circuit 2-2 is connected to the output end of the current-limiting circuit 2-1 and is also connected to the switch circuit 2-3, and supplies power to the communication module 3 when the switch circuit 2-3 is turned on;

[0050] The switch circuit 2-3, the control end is connected to the switching circuit 2-4, and the other two ends are connected to the supercapacitor voltage equalizing circuit 2-2 and the communication module 3 respectively;

[0051] The switching circuit 2 - 4 has an input end connected to the output end of the power failure detection circuit 1 , and controls the switch circuit 2 - 3 to be turned on or off according to the output of the power failure detection circuit 1 .

[0052] The switching circuit 2-4 includes a transistor Q4 and a transistor Q3, wherein the base of the transistor Q4 is connected to the output end of the power failure detection circuit 1, the collector is connected to the base of the transistor Q3, and the emitter is grounded; the collector of the transistor Q3 is connected to the control end of the switch circuit 2-3, and the emitter is grounded.

[0053] The switch circuit 2 - 3 includes a PMOS tube Q2 , whose G pole is connected to the collector of the transistor Q3 , the D pole is connected to the communication module 3 , and the S pole is connected to the super capacitor voltage equalizing circuit 2 - 2 .

[0054] The supercapacitor voltage equalizing circuit 2-2 includes three supercapacitors E1, E2, and E3 connected in series, and a voltage stabilizing chip U2 connected in parallel to E1 for voltage equalization, a voltage stabilizing chip U3 connected in parallel to E2 for voltage equalization, and a voltage stabilizing chip U4 connected in parallel to E3 for voltage equalization.

[0055] The alarm system also includes a power conversion circuit 4, whose input end is respectively connected to the power supply of the smart meter and the voltage output end of the switch circuit 2-3 (the D pole of Q2), and whose output end is connected to the communication module 3 to supply power to the communication module 3.

[0056] The communication module 3 includes an MCU, an RF module and an antenna connected in sequence, wherein the MCU is used to sample the signal at the output end of the power outage detection circuit 1. If it is a power outage signal, an alarm event is generated and reported through the RF module and the antenna.

[0057] When the city power is not cut off, an AC-DC conversion circuit (AC-DC circuit) is used to generate DC power as the power supply for the smart meter to power the equipment and communication module.

[0058] When the city power is not cut off, the supercapacitors E1, E2, and E3 are charged. The power supply is charged with a constant current through the current limiting circuit composed of R6, Q1, D4, and D5 to prevent the front-end power supply voltage from dropping due to excessive charging current when power is turned on. In addition, U2 / U3 / U4 plays a role in voltage balancing, so that each supercapacitor is charged to about 2.7V. After the three supercapacitors E1 / E2 / E3 are connected in series, the maximum voltage can reach 2.7V*3=8.1V.

[0059] When the city power is not cut off, the power supply of the smart meter provides working power to the wireless communication module 3 through the power conversion circuit 4, and the module works normally. At this time, the power outage detection circuit 1 collects the power supply of the smart meter and the reference power supply voltage through the comparator U1 for comparison, and the comparator circuit outputs a high level. Q2, Q3, and Q4 form a control circuit to keep the PMOS tube Q2 of the switch circuit 2-3 disconnected, that is, the power supply of the smart meter is used for power supply. The MCU of the communication module 3 samples the high level output by the comparator, determines that it is not a power outage state at this time, and does not perform power outage alarm processing.

[0060] When the city power fails, Vin in the power failure detection circuit 1 drops to a low level, and the reference power supply voltage is temporarily stored by the electrolytic capacitor at the Vout output end. At this time, the power failure detection circuit 1 collects the power supply voltage of the smart meter and the reference power supply voltage through the comparator U1 for comparison. The comparator circuit outputs a low level, so NOPOWER is 0 in the control circuit composed of Q2, Q3, and Q4, and the transistors Q4 and Q3 are turned on, triggering the PMOS tube Q2 to turn on, so that VBAT supplies power to POWLM, thereby opening the path for the supercapacitor to power the wireless communication module, that is, using the supercapacitor to power the wireless communication module. At the same time, the MCU samples the low level output by the comparator, determines that it is a power failure state at this time, and performs power failure alarm processing.

[0061] like Figure 3 As shown, a power outage alarm system based on wireless communication includes a monitoring main station, a gateway, and multiple smart meters (including the aforementioned power outage alarm device). The gateway and the smart meters are connected via wireless communication, and the gateway is used to receive data and alarm events reported by the smart meters; the gateway and the monitoring main station are connected via GPRS / 3G / 4G wireless communication, which is used to send data from different collection points to the monitoring main station (the gateway reports the received power outage alarm events to the monitoring main station) and receive command data from the monitoring main station.

[0062] A smart meter power outage alarm method based on wireless communication includes:

[0063] A. After the smart meter is powered off, the super capacitor module (2) supplies power to the communication module (3) of the smart meter. At the same time, after the communication module (3) detects the power outage, it generates an alarm event and stores it in the buffer area, and sets a random time T2;

[0064] B. After the random time T2 ends, the alarm event is reported to the gateway.

[0065] Preferably, the power-off smart meter sets a retransmission time T1; if the power-off smart meter receives a confirmation frame sent by the gateway before the retransmission time T1 expires, the alarm event is cleared; otherwise, the alarm event is re-reported after the retransmission time T1 expires.

[0066] A smart meter power outage alarm method based on wireless communication includes:

[0067] A. After the smart meter is powered off, the supercapacitor module 2 supplies power to the communication module 3 of the smart meter. At the same time, after the communication module 3 detects the power outage, it generates an alarm event and stores it in the cache area; or after the smart meter receives the alarm event from its slave node, it stores it in the cache area; set the interval time T3;

[0068] B. If an alarm event is received from other child nodes within the interval T3, the interval T3 will be reset; otherwise, the alarm event of its cache area will be reported to its parent node;

[0069] C. The parent node receives the alarm event and records the interval time T3, and executes step B to report step by step until the alarm event is reported to the gateway.

[0070] Preferably, after the slave node completes a report, if its parent node does not report within the retransmission time T1 or the reported information does not include its own alarm event, the slave node reports the alarm event; otherwise, the slave node clears the alarm event.

[0071] Preferably, step B is as follows: if no alarm events are received from other child nodes within the interval time period T3, or the retransmission time T1 expires, the alarm events in its cache area are reported to its parent node; if alarm events are received from other child nodes within the interval time period T3, the interval time T3 is re-timed.

[0072] Example 1: Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, the smart meter power failure alarm of the level 1 routing node. For example, when the smart meter C loses power, the super capacitor module 2 supplies power to the communication module 3 of the smart meter that loses power. The MCU of the communication module 3 samples the low level output by the power failure detection circuit 1, determines that it is a power failure state at this time, generates an alarm event and stores it in the cache area, and sets a random time T2 (to avoid multiple nodes alarming at the same time); after the random time T2 ends, the alarm event is reported to the gateway unit, and the retransmission time T1 is set. After receiving the alarm event, the gateway unit sends a confirmation frame to the smart meter C. After receiving the confirmation frame, the smart meter C clears the alarm event, otherwise it resends the alarm event after the T1 timing ends.

[0073] Example 2: Figure 3 , Figure 4As shown, the power outage alarm of the smart meter greater than the level 1 routing node. For example, when the smart meter A1 loses power, the super capacitor module 2 supplies power to the communication module 3 of the smart meter that loses power. The MCU of the communication module 3 samples the low level output by the power outage detection circuit 1, determines that it is a power outage state at this time, generates an alarm event and stores it in the cache area, and sets a random time T2; after the random time T2 is over, the power outage information is reported to the parent node smart meter A, and the retransmission time T1 is set. Smart meter A stores the received alarm event in the cache area, records the retransmission time T1 and sets the interval time T3. When smart meter A receives alarm events from other child nodes, the interval time T3 is re-timed. When T3 or T1 of smart meter A is reached, the alarm event of the buffer area is reported to the gateway unit (if no alarm event is received from the slave node during the T3 time period, smart meter A will report the alarm event of the buffer area to the gateway unit at the end of T3; or if smart meter A receives too many alarm events from the slave node, resulting in the total time from the setting of interval T3 to the end of the timing exceeding T1, then smart meter A will report the alarm event of the buffer area to the gateway unit at the end of T1 to avoid repeated reporting from the slave node) and set the retransmission time T1. After receiving the gateway confirmation frame, the alarm event is cleared, otherwise the alarm event is resent to the gateway when T1 is reached. When the alarm event reported by smart meter A1 received by smart meter A includes the alarm event of this meter, the alarm event is cleared, otherwise the alarm event is re-reported after T1 is counted.

[0074] Example 3: Figure 3 , Figure 4 As shown, there is a large-scale power outage, such as power failure of smart meter B, smart meter B1, smart meter B2, smart meter B3, smart meter B11, smart meter B21, smart meter B22, and smart meter B223. For the relay node smart meter B2, the super capacitor module 2 supplies power to the communication module 3 of the smart meter B2. The MCU of the communication module 3 samples the low level output by the power failure detection circuit 1, determines that it is a power failure state at this time, generates an alarm event, and stores its own alarm event in the alarm buffer area, and sets the retransmission time T1 and the interval time T3; receives the alarm events of smart meters B21, smart meters B22, and smart meters B23, stores them in the buffer area, and resets the interval time T3 or retimes the interval time T3. When the T1 or T3 time of smart meter B2 is reached, all the alarm events in the buffer area are reported to the parent node smart meter B, and T1 is reset. When smart meter B21, smart meter B22, and smart meter B23 receive their own alarms from smart meter B2, they clear the alarm events, otherwise they resend the alarm events after T1. Similarly, smart meter B collects the alarm events of its child nodes and reports them to the gateway in a unified manner according to the above method.

[0075] After reporting once, the slave node will monitor the parent node's report within T1 time: if the parent node does not report within T1 time or the reported information does not include itself, the slave node needs to resend the alarm event.

Claims

1. A smart meter power outage alarm method based on wireless communication, characterized in that include: A. After the smart meter is powered off, the super capacitor module (2) supplies power to the communication module (3) of the smart meter. At the same time, after the communication module (3) detects the power outage, it generates an alarm event and stores it in the cache area; or after the smart meter receives the alarm event from its slave node, it stores it in the cache area; Set the interval time T3; B. If an alarm event is received from other child nodes during the interval T3, the interval T3 will be reset; Otherwise, the alarm event of its cache area is reported to its parent node; C. The parent node receives the alarm event and records the interval time T3, and executes step B to report it step by step until the alarm event is reported to the gateway; When T3 of smart meter A is reached, the alarm event in the cache area is reported to the gateway unit and the retransmission time T1 is set. The alarm event is cleared after receiving the gateway confirmation frame. Otherwise, the alarm event is resent to the gateway when T1 is reached. When the alarm event reported by smart meter A1 includes the alarm event of this meter, the alarm event is cleared. Otherwise, the alarm event is re-reported after T1 is reached.

2. The method for warning power failure of smart electric meter based on wireless communication according to claim 1 is characterized in that: After the slave node completes a report, if its parent node does not report within the retransmission time T1 or the reported information does not contain its own alarm event, the slave node reports the alarm event; otherwise, the slave node clears the alarm event.

3. The smart meter power outage alarm method based on wireless communication according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The step B is: the smart meter A receives too many slave node alarm events, causing the total time from the setting time of the interval time T3 to the end of the timing to exceed T1, and the retransmission time T1 is timed out, and the alarm events in its buffer area are reported to its parent node.

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