A multi-stage shock absorbing device and an emergency rescue bed equipped with the same

Abstract

The present invention discloses a multi-stage shock absorbing device and an emergency rescue bed installed with the device. The multi-stage shock absorbing device consists of a shock absorbing cylinder device, a buffering and decompressing device, a gear shifting switch device and a hydraulic oil pipe. The shock absorbing cylinder device and the buffering and decompressing device are connected by a hydraulic oil pipe and the on-off state is controlled by the gear shifting switch device. During installation, the shock absorbing cylinder device and the buffering and decompressing device are both installed on the emergency rescue bed, and the shock absorbing cylinder device is a plurality of devices that are supported and installed between a supporting part and a moving part of the emergency rescue bed at intervals. Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are: first, it can be adapted to rescue beds of different types and models; second, it can perform shock-absorbing transportation on patients of different weights; third, the device can ensure that the rescue bed carrying critically ill patients can walk quickly on a bumpy ground without generating tremors through multiple shock-absorbing protection measures, thereby speeding up the rescue time and avoiding the secondary injury problem that is easy to occur during the rapid rescue and transportation of critically ill patients.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of medical equipment, and in particular to a multi-stage shock absorbing device and an emergency rescue bed equipped with the device. Background Art

[0002] Rescue beds are usually needed for emergency rescue. The current emergency rescue beds lack effective shock-absorbing mechanisms or have a single shock-absorbing function and no more complete protection measures. When rescuing and transporting critically ill patients on bumpy roads, secondary injuries are prone to occur during rapid rescue and transportation. This is especially prone to occur due to different weights of patients. If the patient is seriously overweight, the shock-absorbing spring will be instantly compressed to the bottom and lose its elasticity, which will not only fail to achieve the shock-absorbing and buffering effect, but also increase the tremor due to the instantaneous failure of the shock-absorbing spring elasticity, causing greater harm to the patient. Therefore, how to achieve shock-absorbing transportation for patients of different weights; and how to achieve multiple shock-absorbing protection measures, is an urgent problem that needs to be solved for emergency rescue beds. Summary of the invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to address the defects of the prior art and provide an emergency rescue bed that can achieve shock absorption for patients of different weights and has a multi-stage shock absorption device.

[0004] The technical solution of the present invention is:

[0005] First, one of the present inventions is to provide a multi-stage shock absorbing device, including a shock absorbing cylinder device and a buffering and decompression device, as follows:

[0006] The shock-absorbing cylinder device comprises a shock-absorbing cylinder column and a shock-absorbing chamber; the shock-absorbing chamber comprises a shock-absorbing cylinder sleeve and a first shock-absorbing spring installed at the lower part thereof; the lower part of the shock-absorbing cylinder column extends into the shock-absorbing cylinder sleeve and forms a sealed sliding fit therewith, the lower end of the shock-absorbing spring abuts against the bottom surface of the shock-absorbing cylinder sleeve, and the upper end abuts against the lower end of the shock-absorbing cylinder column; the upper part of the shock-absorbing cylinder column is provided with a stop ear and is sleeved with a buffer spring, the upper end of the buffer spring abuts against the stop ear, and the lower end abuts against the upper end of the shock-absorbing cylinder sleeve; the lower part of the shock-absorbing cylinder sleeve is provided with a first hydraulic oil pipe joint connected to the outside;

[0007] The buffer decompression device comprises a hydraulic oil action chamber, a decompression chamber and a ventilation chamber which are arranged in sequence, and a second hydraulic oil pipe joint is provided on the hydraulic oil action chamber; the hydraulic oil action chamber and the decompression chamber are connected through a piston cylinder body, a decompression piston is provided in the piston cylinder body, and the decompression piston is a large and small head structure, the small head end of which extends into the piston cylinder body and forms a sealing and sliding fit with the piston cylinder body, and the large head end is located in the decompression chamber; a decompression spring is installed in the decompression chamber, one end of the decompression spring abuts against the large head end of the decompression piston, and the other end abuts against a side surface of the decompression chamber; the decompression chamber and the ventilation chamber are connected through a ventilation port; the ventilation chamber comprises an inlet and exhaust valve chamber, a filter chamber and an inlet and outlet air chamber which are connected in sequence from front to back, and the ventilation port is located between the decompression chamber and the inlet and exhaust valve chamber, and the inlet and exhaust valve chamber and the filter chamber are connected through an inlet valve and an outlet valve; a gas filter assembly is provided in the filter chamber and is separated from the inlet and outlet air chamber by the filter chamber; a ventilation hole is provided on the inlet and outlet air chamber;

[0008] The buffer decompression device is provided with a second hydraulic oil pipe joint, and is connected to the first hydraulic oil pipe joint of the shock-absorbing cylinder device through a hydraulic oil pipe; the shock-absorbing cylinder sleeve and the hydraulic oil action tank of the shock-absorbing tank are filled with hydraulic oil, and the hydraulic oil can be subjected to force and move alternately between the shock-absorbing cylinder sleeve and the hydraulic oil action tank through the hydraulic oil pipe.

[0009] Furthermore, a gear shift switch device is installed on the hydraulic oil pipe, and the gear shift switch device includes a fixing part and a gear shift switch. The gear shift switch includes multiple gears, and each gear corresponds to the opening state of the hydraulic oil pipe, including fully open, fully closed and at least one half-open state; further, the gear shift switch is divided into gear 0, gear I, gear II and gear III, gear 0 is a fully closed state; gear I is a one-third open state, gear II is a half open state, and gear III is a fully open state.

[0010] Furthermore, a first sealing ring is installed between the lower part of the shock-absorbing cylinder column and the shock-absorbing cylinder sleeve, and a second sealing ring is installed between the small end of the pressure-reducing piston and the piston cylinder body.

[0011] Furthermore, the compression stroke of the shock-absorbing spring is smaller than that of the buffer spring; the shock-absorbing spring comprises a weak shock-absorbing spring and a strong shock-absorbing spring connected in sequence up and down; the decompression spring comprises a weak decompression spring and a strong decompression spring connected in sequence.

[0012] Furthermore, the air inlet valve and the air outlet valve are both air-controlled one-way opening valves, and the opening directions of the two are opposite.

[0013] Furthermore, the air filter assembly is a fine filter and a coarse filter arranged in sequence front and back.

[0014] Furthermore, the air outlet bin is provided with vertical air exchange holes and horizontal air exchange holes distributed on the surface of the air outlet bin, and the two are arranged crosswise in space.

[0015] The second aspect of the present invention is to provide an emergency rescue bed installed with the above-mentioned multi-stage shock absorbing device, including a supporting part connected upper and lower and a moving part at the lower part. The shock absorbing cylinder device and the buffer decompression device are both installed on the emergency rescue bed, and the shock absorbing cylinder device is a plurality of devices that are supported and installed between the supporting part and the moving part at intervals.

[0016] Furthermore, the supporting part includes an upper main frame and a lifting mechanism arranged thereon; the moving part includes a lower main frame and a universal wheel installed at the lower part; the shock absorbing cylinder device is located in the middle and is respectively supported and connected to the upper main frame and the lower main frame.

[0017] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are: first, it can be adapted to different types and models of rescue beds; second, it can perform shock-absorbing transportation on patients of different weights; third, the device uses multiple shock-absorbing protection measures to ensure that the rescue bed carrying critically ill patients can move quickly on a bumpy ground without causing tremors, thereby speeding up the rescue time and avoiding the problem of secondary injuries that are prone to occur during the rapid rescue and transportation of critically ill patients. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of an emergency rescue bed equipped with a multi-stage shock absorbing device;

[0019] Figure 2 is a front view of the shock-absorbing cylinder device;

[0020] Figure 3 is a rear view of the shock cylinder assembly;

[0021] Figure 4 is a cross-sectional view of the shock-absorbing cylinder device;

[0022] Figure 5 is a top view of the buffer pressure relief device;

[0023] Figure 6 is a cross-sectional view of a buffer pressure relief device;

[0024] In the figure: shock-absorbing cylinder device 1, buffer pressure-reducing device 2, gear-adjusting switch device 3, hydraulic oil pipe 4, shock-absorbing cylinder column 5, connecting hole 6, gear ear 7, buffer spring 8, fixing piece 9, bolt hole 10, shock-absorbing chamber 11, shock-absorbing cylinder sleeve 12, first sealing ring 13, first hydraulic oil pipe joint 14, shock-absorbing spring 15, weak shock-absorbing spring 16, strong shock-absorbing spring 17, hydraulic oil action chamber 18, pressure-reducing piston 19, piston cylinder body 20, second sealing ring 21, first gap 23, second hydraulic oil pipe joint 24, pressure-reducing chamber 25, pressure-reducing spring 26, weak pressure-reducing spring 27, Strong decompression spring 28, second barrier 29, ventilation port 30, ventilation chamber 31, inlet and exhaust valve chamber 32, outlet valve 33, inlet valve 35, filter chamber 36, coarse filter 37, coarse filter cover 38, fine filter 39, fine filter cover 40, inlet and outlet air chamber 41, vertical ventilation hole 42, transverse ventilation hole 43, gear adjustment switch 45, fixing part 46, upper main frame 49, lower main frame 50, universal wheel 51, conversion pedal 52, lifting crank 53, lifting spindle 55, lifting connecting component 56, upper bracket 57, lifting fixing part 58, connecting rod 59. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The present invention is further described below in conjunction with specific embodiments and accompanying drawings.

[0026] See also Figure 1 The multi-stage shock absorbing device is applied to the shock absorbing and buffering mechanism of the emergency rescue bed (cart) in the hospital, and can be installed and used on different types of rescue beds or cars (hereinafter referred to as rescue beds). It consists of a shock absorbing cylinder device 1, a buffer pressure reducing device 2, a gear shift switch device 3 and a hydraulic oil pipe 4. Its characteristics are: first, it can adapt to rescue beds of different types and models; second, it can transport patients of different weights with shock absorption; third, the device can ensure that the rescue bed carrying critically ill patients can walk quickly on a bumpy ground without tremors through multiple shock absorption protection measures, which speeds up the rescue time and avoids the secondary injury problem that is easy to occur during the rapid rescue and transportation of critically ill patients. The advantages are: avoiding and eliminating the problem that ordinary shock-absorbing rescue beds have a single shock-absorbing function and no more complete protection measures. When rescuing and transporting patients on bumpy roads, it is easy for the shock-absorbing spring to be compressed to the bottom and lose its elasticity instantly due to the different weights of patients. If the patient is seriously overweight, it will not only fail to play a shock-absorbing and buffering role, but also increase the tremor due to the instantaneous failure of the elasticity of the shock-absorbing spring, causing greater harm to the patient.

[0027] 1. Components of the multi-stage shock absorbing device

[0028] See also Figure 2-4The device comprises a shock absorbing cylinder column 5, a connecting hole 6, a gear ear 7, a buffer spring 8, a fixing piece 9, a bolt hole 10 of a shock absorbing cylinder device 1, a shock absorbing cylinder sleeve 12, a first sealing ring 13, a first hydraulic oil pipe joint 14, a shock absorbing spring 15, a weak shock absorbing spring 16, and a strong shock absorbing spring 17 of a shock absorbing chamber 11, a pressure reducing piston 19 of a hydraulic oil acting chamber 18 in a buffer pressure reducing device 2, a piston cylinder body 20, a second sealing ring 21, a first spacer 23, a second hydraulic oil pipe joint 24, a pressure reducing spring 26, a weak pressure reducing spring 27, a strong pressure reducing spring 28, a second spacer 29, and a ventilation The emergency bed is composed of a port 30, an inlet and outlet valve compartment 32, an outlet valve 33, an inlet valve 35 and a coarse filter 37, a coarse filter cover 38, a fine filter 39, a fine filter cover 40 of the filter compartment 36, and a vertical ventilation hole 42 and a horizontal ventilation hole 43 of the inlet and outlet air compartment 41, a gear shift switch 45 and a fixing part 46 of the gear shift switch device 3, a plurality of hydraulic oil pipes 4, an upper main frame 49 of the rescue bed, a lower main frame 50, a universal wheel 51, a conversion pedal 52, a lifting crank 53, a lifting spindle 55, a lifting connecting component 56, an upper bracket 57, a lifting fixing part 58 and a connecting rod 59.

[0029] 2. Composition, function and technical control principle of the main components of the multi-stage shock absorption device

[0030] 1. Composition, function and technical control principle of the shock absorbing cylinder device 1

[0031] See also Figure 5-6 The lower part of the shock-absorbing cylinder column 5 of the device is cylindrical and inserted into the shock-absorbing cylinder sleeve 12. The shock-absorbing cylinder sleeve 12 and the shock-absorbing chamber 11 filled with hydraulic oil are connected as a whole. The lower end of the shock-absorbing chamber 11 is installed on the main frame 50 under the rescue bed through the fixing member 9. The upper end of the shock-absorbing cylinder column 5 has a connecting hole 6 connected to the lifting connecting member 56 through bolts. In the case of free rotation, it bears the gravity brought by the upper main frame 49. The upper part of the shock-absorbing cylinder column 5 is covered with a buffer spring 8. The upper end of the buffer spring 8 is blocked and restricted by the stop ear 7, and the lower end is blocked and limited by the shock-absorbing cylinder sleeve 12. It is wound around the shock-absorbing cylinder column 5 to form a primary shock-absorbing buffer mechanism. The shock-absorbing cylinder column 5 is inserted into the lower part of the shock-absorbing cylinder sleeve 12, and is provided with three sets of first sealing rings 13 to block the overflow of the sealed hydraulic oil. The bottom of the lowest end of the shock-absorbing cylinder column 5 is supported by a shock-absorbing spring 15 composed of a weak shock-absorbing spring 16 and a strong shock-absorbing spring 17 installed in the shock-absorbing chamber 11 filled with hydraulic oil, forming a secondary shock-absorbing buffer mechanism. The third-level shock-absorbing buffer mechanism composed of the shock-absorbing spring 15 and the buffer spring 8 cooperates with the buffer pressure reduction device 2 to bear the gravity transmitted from the main frame 49 of the rescue bed and the vibration force during bumps under the control of the gear shifting switch 45, and shock-absorbing and buffering the force. The compressed stroke of the shock-absorbing spring 15 is smaller than that of the buffer spring 8.

[0032] Technical control principle: When a patient lies on a rescue bed or is placed on the rescue bed by a stretcher by medical staff, the gravity is transmitted to the shock-absorbing cylinder column 5 through the upper main frame 49, the upper bracket 57 and the lifting connection member 56. The shock-absorbing cylinder column 5 will move downward under the pressure of the gravity (when the gear switch 45 is in the I gear, II gear and III gear of the open state, the specific control method is shown in the technical control principle of the gear switch device 3). At this time, the buffer spring 8 and the shock-absorbing spring 15 and the decompression spring 26 of the buffer decompression device 2 jointly bear the pressure due to their own rebound force. When the rescue bed is greatly bumped, the buffer spring 8, the shock-absorbing spring 15 and the decompression spring 26, under the control of the gear shifting of the gear switch 45, bear the gravity transmitted from the main frame 49 of the rescue bed and the vibration force during the bumping, and dampen and buffer the force by supporting and rebounding the shock-absorbing cylinder column 5.

[0033] 2. Composition, function and technical control principle of buffer pressure relief device 2

[0034] The buffer decompression device 2 is composed of a hydraulic oil action chamber 18, a decompression chamber 25, and a ventilation chamber 31 in parallel to form a decompression buffer structure, which is installed and fixed on the lower main frame 50 of the rescue bed, and is connected to the shock-absorbing cylinder device 1 and the gear-adjusting switch device 3 through a hydraulic oil pipe 4. The buffer decompression device 2 should not be installed in a position that is easily squeezed and covered. The hydraulic oil action chamber 18 of the buffer decompression device 2 is set at one end, and a second hydraulic oil pipe joint 24 is provided outside to communicate with the hydraulic oil pipe 4. The hydraulic oil action chamber 18 is filled with hydraulic oil, and there is a first barrier 23, a decompression piston 19 and a piston cylinder body 20 between the hydraulic oil action chamber 18 and the decompression chamber 25. The piston cylinder body 20 is connected to the barrier 23 and the chamber wall of the hydraulic oil action chamber 18 to form a fixed body. The thin end of the decompression piston 19 is sleeved inside the piston cylinder body 20, and the thin end piston of the decompression piston 19 is provided with a second sealing ring 21 that blocks the hydraulic oil, and the thick end of the decompression piston 19 in the decompression chamber 25 is pressed on the decompression spring 26. The decompression chamber 25 is arranged in the middle of the buffer decompression device 2, and is separated from the ventilation chamber 31 by a second partition 29. A ventilation port 30 is provided on one side of the second partition 29, which is responsible for exchanging the air inside the decompression chamber 25 through the ventilation chamber 31. The decompression spring 26 installed in the decompression chamber 25 is divided into a weak decompression spring 27 and a strong decompression spring 28. The weak decompression spring 27 is pressed against the thick end part of the decompression piston 19, and the strong decompression spring 28 connected to the weak decompression spring 27 is fixed on the second partition 29. They form a pressure-bearing whole, together bearing the force from the decompression piston 19, and decompressing and buffering the force. The ventilation chamber 31 is at the other end of the buffer pressure reducing device 2, and the ventilation chamber 31 is further divided into an inlet and exhaust valve chamber 32, a filter chamber 36 and an inlet and outlet chamber 41; the inlet and exhaust valve chamber 32 is at one end of the ventilation chamber 31 close to the ventilation port 30, and is provided with an inlet valve 35 and an outlet valve 33, and the inlet valve 35 and the outlet valve 33 are fixedly installed in the inlet and exhaust valve chamber 32, and one side is connected to the ventilation port 30; the filter chamber 36 is in the middle of the ventilation chamber 31, and a fine filter 39 is installed on one side of the filter chamber 36 close to the inlet and exhaust valve chamber 32. In order to facilitate replacement and cleaning, a fine filter cover 40 is provided on it to cover the fine filter 39 is covered inside, and a coarse filter 37 is installed on the side close to the air inlet and outlet bin 41. In order to facilitate replacement and cleaning, a coarse filter cover 38 is provided on it to cover the coarse filter 37 inside; the air inlet and outlet bin 41 is at the outermost end of the air exchange bin 31, and is equipped with vertical air exchange holes 42 and horizontal air exchange holes 43. The vertical air exchange holes 42 stand above the air inlet and outlet bin 41, and the horizontal air exchange holes 43 are horizontally installed on the outside of the air inlet and outlet bin 41; through these structures, the force from the previous level is subjected to multi-level decompression and buffering effects, so that a relatively complete third-level shock-absorbing and buffering mechanism is formed.

[0035] Technical control principle: When the combined pressure from the patient's weight and the upper body weight of the rescue bed is decompressed and buffered by the shock-absorbing cylinder device 1, a part of the force is transmitted through the hydraulic oil in the shock-absorbing chamber 11, and is transmitted to the buffer decompression device 2 through the hydraulic oil pipe 4, the gear shift switch 45 and the second hydraulic oil pipe joint 24 to enter the hydraulic oil action chamber 18 filled with hydraulic oil. Due to the structure of the hydraulic oil action chamber 18, the force acting on the hydraulic oil presses and pushes the thin end part of the decompression piston 19 to move in the piston cylinder body 20, and at the same time the thick end part moves in the decompression chamber 25. When the thick end of the decompression piston 19 moves in the decompression chamber 25, it compresses the decompression spring 26 to perform decompression and buffering movement. The weak decompression spring 27 of the decompression spring 26 is first compressed. After being compressed to a certain degree, the strong decompression spring 28 is also squeezed. When the force is small, the weak decompression spring 27 cooperates with the upper decompression buffer system to play a good decompression and buffering role. When the force is large, the weak decompression spring 27 is sometimes directly compressed to the bottom and loses the decompression and buffering ability. At this time, the strong decompression spring 28 takes over the force and cooperates with the upper decompression buffer system to play a good decompression and buffering role. In this way, the force that has been decompressed by the upper buffer is once again buffered and decompressed, thereby further slowing down the bumpy vibration force generated by the rescue bed carrying the patient walking on the uneven road surface, forming a combined shock-absorbing device that cooperates with each other. As the decompression piston 19 is compressed or rebounded back and forth by the hydraulic oil and the decompression spring 26, the space in the decompression chamber 25 rapidly becomes smaller or larger, and the air is quickly discharged or inhaled through the ventilation port 30 as the decompression piston 19 moves back and forth. When the pressure reducing piston 19 compresses the pressure reducing spring 26, causing the space in the pressure reducing chamber 25 to become smaller, the air is quickly pushed into the inlet and exhaust valve chamber 32 of the air changing chamber 31 through the ventilation port 30, and under a certain exhaust force, the air outlet valve 33 is quickly pushed open, and the air enters the inlet and outlet air chamber 41 through the fine filter 39 and the coarse filter 37 of the filter chamber 36, and then is discharged from the buffer pressure reducing device 2 through the vertical ventilation hole 42 and the horizontal ventilation hole 43 of the inlet and outlet air chamber 41; when the pressure reducing piston 19 is rebounded by the pressure reducing spring 26, causing the space in the pressure reducing chamber 25 to become larger, the air outside the buffer pressure reducing device 2 is sucked into the coarse filter 37 and the fine filter 39 of the filter chamber 36 through the vertical ventilation hole 42 and the horizontal ventilation hole 43 of the inlet and outlet air chamber 41, and after filtering and purification, it enters the inlet and exhaust valve chamber 32, and under a certain suction force, the air pushes open the inlet valve 35, and then is quickly sucked into the pressure reducing chamber 25 through the ventilation port 30.

[0036] 3. Composition, function and technical control principle of the gear shift switch device 3

[0037] See also Figure 5The gear shift switch 45 of the device is connected to the shock absorbing chamber 11 of the shock absorbing cylinder device 1 and the hydraulic oil action chamber 18 of the buffer decompression device 2 by a hydraulic oil pipe 4 filled with hydraulic oil, and is fixedly installed on the rescue bed by a fixing part 46 to facilitate medical staff to quickly adjust the switching position. The gear adjustment switch 45 is divided into 0 gear, I gear, II gear and III gear. The 0 gear is a damping-off state, which can make the whole damping device lose its damping function. It is suitable for smooth and flat roads, patients with weight exceeding the damping limit of the emergency bed damping device (the device is temporarily set at 200 kg) and the situation that is not suitable for damping transportation of patients. The I gear is a one-third open state, which has a good damping effect on patients whose load is too heavy but has not reached the damping limit (temporarily set at 150 kg to 200 kg), and is suitable for rapid rescue and transportation of patients in various places and scenes with uneven roads. The II gear is a half-open state, which has a good damping effect on patients whose load is heavier (temporarily set at about 100 kg). The III gear is a fully open state, which has a good damping effect on patients whose load is lighter (temporarily set at about 50 kg), and is suitable for rapid rescue and transportation of various patients in various places and scenes with uneven roads.

[0038] Technical control principle: the gear switch 45 is usually switched to the II gear position (this gear position is the permanent gear position). When the switch is in the II gear position (assuming that the patient weighs about 100 kg), the gravity from the patient's weight and the upper body weight of the rescue bed directly acts on the shock-absorbing cylinder column 5, compressing the shock-absorbing cylinder column 5 to perform shock-absorbing and buffering in the shock-absorbing cylinder device 1, and then compressing the hydraulic oil to transmit back and forth in the hydraulic oil pipe 4. Because the switch is in the II gear semi-open state, the force is smoothly transmitted back and forth to the third-level decompression buffer device inside the buffer decompression device 2 for further buffering and decompression, thereby achieving a good shock-absorbing effect; when the patient is overweight (about 150 kg-200 kg), the gear switch 45 is switched to the I gear position, The gear switch 45 increases the resistance to the hydraulic oil passing through the hydraulic oil pipe 4, reduces the passing rate of the hydraulic oil and increases the passing time, that is, limits and delays the hydraulic oil from entering and exiting the buffer pressure reducing device 2, thereby achieving the effect of differential shock absorption; when the patient's weight exceeds the shock absorption limit of the shock absorption device or when a special patient does not need shock absorption, the gear switch 45 is switched to the 0 gear position, the gear switch 45 closes the hydraulic oil pipe 4, and the hydraulic oil cannot flow back and forth in the hydraulic oil pipe 4, so that the shock absorbing cylinder column 5 is supported by the hydraulic oil in the shock absorbing chamber 11, and cannot move up and down in the shock absorbing cylinder sleeve 12 and the shock absorbing chamber 11, and cannot compress the buffer spring 8 and the shock absorbing spring 15, so that the rescue bed loses its shock absorption function; when the patient's weight is relatively light (about 50 kg), the gear switch 45 is switched to the III gear position, The flow of hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil pipe 4 is no longer controlled, that is, the restriction on the hydraulic oil entering and exiting the buffer decompression device 2 is lost, so that the hydraulic oil in the shock absorbing chamber 11 and the hydraulic oil in the buffer decompression device 2 are completely connected, and the third-level decompression buffer devices arranged inside the buffer decompression device 2 are all in a decompression buffer state, so that the rescue bed achieves a good shock absorption effect.

[0039] 4. Function and technical control principle of hydraulic oil pipe 4

[0040] The device is composed of a plurality of hydraulic oil pipes 4 and a plurality of hydraulic oil pipe joints (a first hydraulic oil pipe joint 14 and a second hydraulic oil pipe joint 24). The hydraulic oil pipe 4 connects the shock absorbing chamber 11 of the shock absorbing cylinder device 1 to the shift switch 45 of the shift switch device 3 and the hydraulic oil action chamber 18 of the buffer decompression device 2 through the first hydraulic oil pipe joint 14 and the second hydraulic oil pipe joint 24, so that when the gravity from the patient's weight and the upper body weight of the rescue bed acts on the shock absorbing cylinder column 5, compression and rebound forces are generated due to the decompression buffering effect. These forces need to be transmitted and pressure-bearing through the hydraulic oil pipe 4 filled with hydraulic oil, so that the device realizes a complete shock absorption whole, which has a good shock absorption effect on the patients carried and transported by the rescue vehicle.

[0041] 5. Composition, function and technical control principle of shock absorbing spring 15 and pressure reducing spring 26

[0042] The shock absorbing spring 15 is composed of a weak shock absorbing spring 16 and a strong shock absorbing spring 17, and the decompression spring 26 is composed of a weak decompression spring 27 and a strong spring 28. This structure enables the shock absorbing spring 15 and the decompression spring 26 to have a segmented decompression and buffering function. The compressed stroke of the decompression spring 26 is smaller than the compressed stroke of the shock absorbing spring 15. The mutual cooperation of the two sets of springs enables the entire shock absorbing device to form a complete and solid decompression and buffering system. The receiving compression end of the shock absorbing spring 15 and the pressure reducing spring 26 is composed of the weak shock absorbing springs 16 and 27 with weak elasticity plus the buffer spring 8. After they are combined, they can bear the pressure of patients with a weight of 50-100 kg during bumping and undulating. That is, after the patient's weight exceeds 100 kg, the weak shock absorbing springs 16 and 27 are compressed to the bottom limit by the pressure generated by the bumping at the moment of bumping, and then the strong shock absorbing springs 17 and 28 take on the shock absorbing and buffering effect; the supporting part of the shock absorbing spring 15 and the pressure reducing spring 26 is the strong shock absorbing springs 17 and 28 with strong elasticity. After they are combined, they can bear the force of patients with a weight of 200 kg during instantaneous bumping and undulating, and will not be compressed to the bottom due to the back and forth bumping. This structure ensures that when a patient with a weight of 200 kg is rescued and transported, the two groups of springs will not lose their elasticity due to the bumpy road surface of the rescue bed, causing a large vibration, and they will also have a good shock absorbing and buffering effect.

[0043] Technical control principle: This design ensures that when medical staff use the rescue bed to transport patients of different weights and walk quickly in places with bad road conditions, no matter the gear-adjusting switch 45 is in gear I, gear II or gear III, within the set shock-absorbing limit, there will never be a large-scale vibration caused by the shock-absorbing spring 15 and the decompression spring 26 being compressed to the bottom and losing elasticity in an instant due to the bumpy road surface, thereby avoiding the problem of secondary injury to the patient.

[0044] 3. Working principle of a shock absorbing device for emergency rescue bed

[0045] When a medical condition requires the use of an emergency bed to rescue and transport a patient, the medical staff first adjusts the shift switch 45 according to the patient's weight. When the patient is heavy (estimated to be around 100 kg), the shift switch 45 is switched to the II position (this position is the permanent position). The medical staff uses a stretcher or supports to place the patient on the upper main frame 49 of the emergency bed. The force generated by the patient's weight and the self-weight of the main frame 49 of the emergency bed is transmitted to the shock-absorbing cylinder column 5 through the upper bracket 57 and the lifting connection member 56. The shock-absorbing cylinder column 5 will be pressed by the gravity and move downward in the shock-absorbing cylinder sleeve 12. When the shock-absorbing cylinder column 5 moves downward along the shock-absorbing cylinder sleeve 12, the buffer spring 8 sleeved on the upper part of the shock-absorbing cylinder column 5 bears the force brought by the downward movement of the shock-absorbing cylinder column 5 under the blocking limit of the stop ear 7 and the shock-absorbing cylinder sleeve 12, forming and performing the work of the first-stage shock-absorbing buffer mechanism to bear the downward movement of the shock-absorbing cylinder column 5. It bears the downward pressure of the shock-absorbing cylinder column 5 together with the second-stage shock-absorbing buffer mechanism and the third-stage shock-absorbing buffer mechanism; the shock-absorbing cylinder column 5 is inserted into the lower part of the shock-absorbing cylinder sleeve 12 (with three sets of first-stage sealing mechanisms to block the overflow of the sealing hydraulic oil) The bottom of the sealing ring 13 is supported by a damping spring 15 composed of a weak damping spring 16 and a strong damping spring 17 installed in the damping chamber 11 filled with hydraulic oil. When the damping cylinder column 5 presses the damping spring 15 to move downward, the weak damping spring 16 of the damping spring 15 is first compressed by the downward pressure of the damping cylinder column 5. When the pressure reaches a certain level, the strong damping spring 17 is also squeezed (when the applied force is small, the weak damping spring 16 cooperates with the upper and lower pressure relief buffer systems to play a good pressure relief buffering role. When the applied force is large, Sometimes the weak shock-absorbing spring 16 is directly compressed to the bottom and loses its decompression and buffering ability. At this time, the strong shock-absorbing spring 17 takes over the force and cooperates with the upper and lower decompression and buffering systems to play a good decompression and buffering role). This structure of the shock-absorbing spring 15 bears the force brought by the downward movement of the shock-absorbing cylinder column 5, forms and performs the work of the second-level shock-absorbing buffer mechanism to bear the downward movement of the shock-absorbing cylinder column 5. It bears the downward pressure of the shock-absorbing cylinder column 5 together with the first-level shock-absorbing buffer mechanism and the third-level shock-absorbing buffer mechanism; at this time, due to the shock-absorbing chamber 11 Due to the structural reason, the downward movement of the shock-absorbing cylinder column 5 generates a compressive force on the hydraulic oil in the shock-absorbing chamber 11, forcibly compressing the hydraulic oil in the shock-absorbing chamber 11 to flow through the first hydraulic oil pipe joint 14 and the hydraulic oil pipe 4 (which is full of hydraulic oil) to the shift switch 45 (because the switch is in the semi-open state of the II gear position, it can generate resistance to the back and forth flow capacity of the hydraulic oil, delaying the time for the hydraulic oil to pass through the shift switch back and forth), and then flows into the hydraulic oil action chamber 18 filled with hydraulic oil inside the buffer decompression device 2 through the hydraulic oil pipe 4 and the second hydraulic oil pipe joint 24;Due to the design and structure of the hydraulic oil acting chamber 18 itself, the force pushes the thin end part of the pressure reducing piston 19 (provided with three sets of sealing rings 21 to block the overflow of the sealed hydraulic oil) to move in the piston cylinder 20 through the pressure of the hydraulic oil, and at the same time, the thick end part of the pressure reducing piston 19 also presses the pressure reducing spring 26 in the pressure reducing chamber 25 to perform a compressive movement; when the thick end part of the pressure reducing piston 19 presses the pressure reducing spring 26 to move, the weak pressure reducing spring 27 of the pressure reducing spring 26 is compressed first, and after being compressed to a certain extent, the strong pressure reducing spring 28 is also squeezed (when the force is small, the weak pressure reducing spring 27 cooperates with the superior pressure reducing buffer system to play a good pressure reducing buffering role, and when the force is large, the weak pressure reducing spring 27 is sometimes directly compressed to the bottom and loses its pressure reducing buffering ability. At this time, the strong pressure reducing spring 28 takes over the force and cooperates with the superior pressure reducing buffer system to play a good pressure reducing buffering role). At the same time, with The movement of the thick end of the pressure reducing piston 19 in the pressure reducing chamber 25 causes the space in the pressure reducing chamber 25 to rapidly decrease. The air is also rapidly discharged from the pressure reducing chamber 25 through the ventilation port 30 as the pressure reducing piston 19 moves, and enters the inlet and outlet valve chamber 32 in the ventilation chamber 31. Under the action of pressure, the air outlet valve 33 is rapidly pushed open (the valve is forced to open only when encountering a certain pressure, so it also plays a certain buffering and decompression role), enters the filter chamber 36, passes through the fine filter 39 and the coarse filter 37 to reach the inlet and outlet chamber 41, and then is discharged to the outside through the vertical ventilation hole 42 and the horizontal ventilation hole 43; the pressure reducing spring 26 and the air outlet valve 33 bear the force brought by the downward movement of the shock absorbing cylinder column 5, form and execute the work of the third-level shock absorbing buffer mechanism to bear the downward movement of the shock absorbing cylinder column 5, and it bears the downward pressure of the shock absorbing cylinder column 5 together with the first-level shock absorbing buffer mechanism and the second-level shock absorbing buffer mechanism. In this way, the buffer spring 8, the shock absorbing spring 15 and the decompression spring 26 bear the pressure of gravity transmitted from the main frame 49 of the rescue bed and the patient's weight under the control of the gear shifting switch 45. When the downward movement of the shock absorbing cylinder column 5 due to the pressure reaches a certain limit, the shock absorbing device composed of the buffer spring 8 of the first-stage shock absorbing buffer mechanism, the shock absorbing spring 15 of the second-stage shock absorbing buffer mechanism and the decompression spring 26 of the third-stage shock absorbing buffer mechanism jointly generates a rebound resistance force to the continued downward movement of the shock absorbing cylinder column 5 due to its own rebound force, and releases it together;At this time, the strong decompression spring 28 and the weak decompression spring 27 of the decompression spring 26 quickly release their rebound force, and push the thick end and the thin end of the decompression piston 19 to move in the piston cylinder 20. At this time, the decompression piston 19 presses the hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil action chamber 18 to flow back to the shift switch 45 through the hydraulic oil pipe joint 24 and the hydraulic oil pipe 4 (because the switch is in the semi-open state of the II gear, it can produce resistance to the back and forth flow of the hydraulic oil and delay the time for the hydraulic oil to pass through the shift switch back and forth), and then enter the shock absorber chamber 11 through the hydraulic oil pipe 4 and the hydraulic oil pipe joint 14. At the same time, the strong decompression spring 15 The strong shock-absorbing spring 17 and the weak shock-absorbing spring 16 quickly release their rebound force, and together with the force of the third-level shock-absorbing buffer mechanism acting on the hydraulic oil, the shock-absorbing cylinder column 5 moves upward along the shock-absorbing cylinder sleeve 12. At the same time, the lower end of the buffer spring 8 relies on the shock-absorbing cylinder sleeve 12 to release the rebound force to the gear ear 7, and supports the shock-absorbing cylinder column 5 upward; at the same time, as the thick end of the decompression piston 19 moves toward the piston cylinder body 20 and reaches the maximum rebound degree of the decompression spring 26, the space in the decompression chamber 25 expands rapidly, and air replenishment is urgently needed (under the action of the strong suction force generated by the sudden increase in the space in the decompression chamber 25). At this time, the outside The air also quickly enters the filter chamber 36 through the vertical ventilation holes 42 and the horizontal ventilation holes 43 of the air inlet and outlet chamber 41 as the decompression piston 19 moves, and then enters the inlet and exhaust valve chamber 32 after being filtered by the coarse filter 37 and the fine filter 39. The air quickly pushes open the inlet valve 35 (the valve is also forced to open only when it encounters a certain pressure, so it also plays a certain role in buffering and reducing pressure like the outlet valve 33) and enters the decompression chamber 25 through the ventilation port 30 to replenish the missing air in the decompression chamber 25, that is, to complete a frequency of squeezing and rebounding (decompression buffering) working cycle; when a certain rebound force is reached The degree of vibration (depending on the patient's weight, implantation time and the gear position of the gear switch 45, the gear position of the gear switch 45 is small, the patient's weight is heavy, the implantation time is slow, the rebound force is light, the gear position of the gear switch 45 is large, the patient's weight is light, the implantation time is fast, the rebound force is large, and the frequency of vibration is high), and then the shock-absorbing cylinder column 5 begins to be pressed downward by gravity, repeating the above squeezing and rebounding work, over and over again (this is also determined by the characteristics of the spring that has a good effect in shock absorption and buffering), until the shock-absorbing device of the rescue bed consumes the shock absorption and buffering of the force generated by the gravity when the patient implants, and then reaches a relatively static state. When the rescue bed carries the patient and walks on an uneven road, it also uses the above shock absorption and buffering principle to absorb and buffer, so that the rescue bed quickly enters a relatively small vibration state, avoiding the secondary injury problem caused to the critically ill patient when the rescue bed is urgently placed on a stretcher or walking on a relatively bumpy ground. ;

[0046] When a rescue bed is used to carry a light patient (estimated to be around 50 kg) and is walking on an uneven road surface and causing a large degree of bumps, the medical staff will switch the shift switch 45 to the III gear position. According to the composition, function and technical control principle of the shift switch device 3, the shift switch 4 no longer restricts the flow of hydraulic oil in the hydraulic oil pipe 4, and the hydraulic oil in the shock absorbing chamber 11 and the hydraulic oil in the buffer decompression device 2 are in a fully connected state. At this time, the first, second and third stage decompression buffer mechanisms are all in a decompression buffer state, so that the entire shock absorbing device reaches a good shock absorbing state, and the vibration force caused by the bumps is quickly resolved and reduced, thereby protecting the patient and speeding up the rescue and transportation of the patient. When the patient is overweight (estimated to be between 150kg and 200kg, not exceeding the shock absorption limit), the gear switch 45 is switched to the I gear position, and the gear switch 45 increases the resistance to the hydraulic oil passing through the hydraulic oil pipe 4, reduces the passing rate of the hydraulic oil and increases the passing time, that is, limits and delays the hydraulic oil from entering and exiting the buffer pressure reducing device 2, thereby achieving the effect of differential shock absorption. When the patient is overweight (estimated to be above 200kg) and exceeds the shock absorption limit of the shock absorption device or when a special patient does not need shock absorption, the gear switch 45 is switched to the 0 gear position, and the gear switch 45 closes the hydraulic oil pipe 4, and the hydraulic oil cannot circulate back and forth in the hydraulic oil pipe 4, so that the shock absorption cylinder column 5 is supported by the hydraulic oil in the shock absorption chamber 11, and cannot move up and down in the shock absorption cylinder sleeve 12 and the shock absorption chamber 11, and cannot exert a compressive effect on the buffer spring 8 and the shock absorption spring 15, thereby causing the rescue bed to lose its shock absorption function.

[0047] The shock absorbing device of this emergency rescue bed controls the springs with various performances in the three-stage decompression buffer mechanism to work cyclically under the adjustment of multiple adjustment conversion gears, and cooperates with the compressed air outlet and air inlet valve system, filtering and cleaning device, etc. to form a complete shock absorbing device, so that medical staff can ensure that this rescue bed with multiple shock absorption and buffering protection functions can move faster and more safely on the ground with poor road conditions during the rapid rescue and transportation of critically ill patients by adjusting the gear of the conversion switch, thereby achieving the purpose of multiple protection and rapid rescue of critically ill patients, and solving and avoiding the problem of secondary injury to critically ill patients caused by the single shock absorption function of the rescue bed.

Claims

1. A multi-stage shock absorbing device, characterized in that: It comprises a shock absorbing cylinder device (1) and a buffer pressure reducing device (2), which are specifically as follows: The shock-absorbing cylinder device (1) comprises a shock-absorbing cylinder column (5) and a shock-absorbing chamber (11); the shock-absorbing chamber (11) comprises a shock-absorbing cylinder sleeve (12) and a first shock-absorbing spring (15) installed at the lower part thereof; the lower part of the shock-absorbing cylinder column (5) extends into the shock-absorbing cylinder sleeve (12) and forms a sealed sliding fit therewith, the lower end of the first shock-absorbing spring (15) abuts against the bottom surface of the shock-absorbing cylinder sleeve (12), and the upper end abuts against the lower end of the shock-absorbing cylinder column (5); the upper part of the shock-absorbing cylinder column (5) is provided with a stop ear (7) and is sleeved with a buffer spring (8), the upper end of the buffer spring (8) abuts against the stop ear (7), and the lower end abuts against the upper end of the shock-absorbing cylinder sleeve (12); the lower part of the shock-absorbing cylinder sleeve (12) is provided with a first hydraulic oil pipe joint (14) communicating with the outside; The buffer decompression device (2) comprises a hydraulic oil action chamber (18), a decompression chamber (25) and a ventilation chamber (31) which are arranged in sequence. The hydraulic oil action chamber (18) is provided with a second hydraulic oil pipe joint (24). The hydraulic oil action chamber (18) and the decompression chamber (25) are connected via a piston cylinder (20). A decompression piston (19) is provided in the piston cylinder (20). The decompression piston (19) is a large-small head structure, wherein the small head end extends into the piston cylinder (20) and forms a sealing and sliding fit with the piston cylinder (20), and the large head end is located in the decompression chamber (25). A decompression spring (26) is installed in the decompression chamber (25), and one end of the decompression spring (26) is connected to the decompression piston ( 19), the large end of the pressure reducing chamber (25) abuts against the other end thereof, and the other end abuts against a side surface of the pressure reducing chamber (25); the pressure reducing chamber (25) and the air exchange chamber (31) are connected via an air exchange port (30); the air exchange chamber (31) comprises an air inlet and outlet valve chamber (32), a filter chamber (36) and an air inlet and outlet chamber (41) which are connected in sequence from front to back, the air exchange port (30) being located between the pressure reducing chamber (25) and the air inlet and outlet valve chamber (32); the air inlet and outlet valve chamber (32) and the filter chamber (36) are connected via an air inlet valve (35) and an air outlet valve (33); a gas filter assembly is provided in the filter chamber (36) and is separated from the air inlet and outlet chamber (41) by the filter chamber (36); and an air exchange hole is provided on the air inlet and outlet chamber (41); The buffer pressure reducing device (2) is provided with a second hydraulic oil pipe joint (24), and is connected to the first hydraulic oil pipe joint (14) of the shock absorbing cylinder device (1) via a hydraulic oil pipe (4); the shock absorbing cylinder sleeve (12) and the hydraulic oil action chamber (18) of the shock absorbing chamber (11) are filled with hydraulic oil, and the hydraulic oil is subjected to force and can be moved alternately between the shock absorbing cylinder sleeve (12) and the hydraulic oil action chamber (18) via the hydraulic oil pipe (4); A gear shift switch device (3) is installed on the hydraulic oil pipe (4), the gear shift switch device (3) comprising a fixing member (46) and a gear shift switch (45), the gear shift switch (45) comprising a plurality of gear positions, each gear position corresponding to an opening state of the hydraulic oil pipe, including a fully open state, a fully closed state and at least a half-open state; A first sealing ring (13) is installed between the lower part of the shock absorbing cylinder column (5) and the shock absorbing cylinder sleeve (12), and a second sealing ring (21) is installed between the small end of the pressure reducing piston (19) and the piston cylinder body (20); The compression stroke of the first shock absorbing spring (15) is smaller than that of the buffer spring (8); the first shock absorbing spring (15) comprises a weak shock absorbing spring (16) and a strong shock absorbing spring (17) connected in sequence up and down; the decompression spring (26) comprises a weak decompression spring (27) and a strong decompression spring (28) connected in sequence.

2. The multi-stage shock absorbing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The gear adjustment switch (45) is divided into 0 gear position, I gear position, II gear position and III gear position, wherein 0 gear position is a fully closed state, I gear position is a one-third open state, II gear position is a one-half open state, and III gear position is a fully open state.

3. The multi-stage shock absorbing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air inlet valve (35) and the air outlet valve (33) are both air-controlled one-way opening valves, and the opening directions of the two are opposite.

4. The multi-stage shock absorbing device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air outlet bin (41) is provided with vertical air exchange holes (42) and horizontal air exchange holes (43) distributed on the surface of the air outlet bin (41), and the two holes are spatially arranged in a cross-staggered manner.

5. An emergency rescue bed equipped with the multi-stage shock absorbing device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, comprising an upper and lower connected supporting part and a lower moving part, characterized in that: The shock absorbing cylinder device (1) and the buffer decompression device (2) are both installed on the emergency rescue bed, and the shock absorbing cylinder device (1) is composed of a plurality of separately supported and spaced apart devices installed between the supporting part and the moving part.

6. The emergency rescue bed according to claim 5, characterized in that: The supporting part comprises an upper main body frame (49) and a lifting mechanism disposed thereon; the moving part comprises a lower main body frame (50) and a universal wheel (51) mounted at the lower part thereof; and the shock absorbing cylinder device (1) is located in the middle and is respectively supported and connected to the upper main body frame (49) and the lower main body frame (50).

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