A shale gas horizontal well single-stage testing mechanism and a horizontal well single-stage testing method

Abstract

The present application provides a shale gas horizontal well single-stage test mechanism and a horizontal well single-stage test method, comprising the following steps: S1. The test mechanism is transported to a single predetermined depth of the horizontal well through a continuous oil pipe; S2. The first electrically controlled hydraulic expansion assembly and the second electrically controlled hydraulic expansion assembly are controlled by a controller to expand in the casing until the space between the first electrically controlled hydraulic expansion assembly and the second electrically controlled hydraulic expansion assembly in the casing is sealed; S3. A temperature and pressure test is performed on a single section of the horizontal well; S4. The electrically controlled switch valve is opened, and the flow rate and holding rate data are collected through a flow rate and holding rate tester; S5. After the single-section test of the horizontal well is completed, the first electrically controlled hydraulic expansion assembly and the second electrically controlled hydraulic expansion assembly are controlled by a controller to shrink and recover, and the continuous oil pipe is dragged to the next layer to be tested, and steps S2 to S4 are repeated. The method realizes the accurate test of a single section of a shale gas horizontal well.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of shale gas, and in particular to a shale gas horizontal well single-stage testing mechanism and a horizontal well single-stage testing method. Background Art

[0002] At present, shale gas fields are developed by multi-stage fracturing of horizontal wells. There are many perforated layers and the output of each layer varies greatly. The gas production profile test used uses point measurement in the wellbore. The test data is a comprehensive reflection of multiple layers, and it is impossible to perform single-stage and cluster absolute flow, pressure and temperature tests. The traditional method of layer-by-layer cumulative analysis of production cannot accurately understand the single-stage output, which has a great impact on the analysis of the single-stage fracturing effect and the adjustment of the next development process. Summary of the invention

[0003] The present application provides a shale gas horizontal well single-stage testing mechanism and a horizontal well single-stage testing method, which improve the problem of inaccurate horizontal well single-stage testing in the prior art.

[0004] The technical solution of this application is:

[0005] A single-stage testing mechanism for a shale gas horizontal well, used for connecting with a pipeline in a horizontal well, comprises:

[0006] Coiled tubing;

[0007] At least two electrically controlled hydraulic expansion assemblies are installed at intervals on the coiled tubing and can be used to isolate a portion of the pipeline in the horizontal well that is located in a single section of the shale gas horizontal well;

[0008] A test assembly, mounted on the coiled tubing and located between the two electrically controlled hydraulic expansion assemblies, for testing a single section of the shale gas horizontal well when the pipeline in the horizontal well is in an isolated state;

[0009] The electrically controlled hydraulic expansion assembly, the testing assembly and the electrically controlled hydraulic expansion assembly are electrically connected in sequence.

[0010] As a technical solution of the present application, the electronically controlled hydraulic expansion assembly comprises:

[0011] Main fuel tank;

[0012] A driver, connected to the main oil tank through an oil inlet pipeline;

[0013] The bladder is connected to the driver through an oil inlet pipe, and the driver can transport the oil in the main oil tank to the bladder to expand the bladder; the bladder is connected to the main oil tank through an oil return pipe, and an electromagnetic switch valve is installed on the oil return pipe, and the bladder is contracted by the electromagnetic switch valve.

[0014] As a technical solution of the present application, the driver includes a motor and a hydraulic pump, the motor is connected to the hydraulic pump, and the hydraulic pump is installed on the oil inlet pipeline.

[0015] As a technical solution of the present application, the test assembly includes a pressure tester and a flow and holdup tester, and the pressure tester and the flow and holdup tester are respectively installed on the coiled tubing.

[0016] As a technical solution of the present application, an electrically controlled switch valve is also installed on the coiled tubing, and the electrically controlled switch valve is located between the test assembly and the electrically controlled hydraulic expansion assembly.

[0017] As a technical solution of the present application, it includes a controller, which is electrically connected to the electronically controlled hydraulic expansion assembly, the test assembly and the electronically controlled hydraulic expansion assembly in sequence, and is used to control the opening and closing of the electronically controlled hydraulic expansion assembly and the opening and closing of the test assembly respectively.

[0018] A single-stage horizontal well testing method is used to test a single-stage shale gas horizontal well through a testing mechanism. The testing mechanism includes a controller, a pipeline, and a coiled tubing installed in the casing. The coiled tubing is sequentially connected with a screen, at least one first electrically controlled hydraulic expansion assembly, a pressure tester, a flow and holdup tester, an electrically controlled switch valve, and at least one second electrically controlled hydraulic expansion assembly. The controller is electrically connected to the first electrically controlled hydraulic expansion assembly, the pressure tester, the flow and holdup tester, the electrically controlled switch valve, and the second electrically controlled hydraulic expansion assembly in sequence. The testing method includes the following steps:

[0019] S1. The pressure tester and the flow and holdup tester are transported to a predetermined depth position of a single section of a horizontal well to be tested through the coiled tubing;

[0020] S2. Controlling the first electrically-controlled hydraulic expansion assembly and the second electrically-controlled hydraulic expansion assembly to expand in the pipeline through the controller until the space in the pipeline between the first electrically-controlled hydraulic expansion assembly and the second electrically-controlled hydraulic expansion assembly is sealed;

[0021] S3. Perform temperature and pressure test on a single section of the horizontal well, control the electric switch valve to close through the controller, turn on the pressure tester, and measure the pressure data and temperature data of the single section of the horizontal well test;

[0022] S4. The electrically controlled switch valve is opened, and the gas and liquid produced by the single-stage horizontal well test enter the coiled tubing through the electrically controlled switch valve, and then pass through the flow and holdup tester and the screen pipe in sequence to enter the annular space formed by the coiled tubing and the pipeline, and the flow and holdup data are collected through the flow and holdup tester;

[0023] S5. After the single-section test of the horizontal well is completed, the controller controls the first electrically-controlled hydraulic expansion assembly and the second electrically-controlled hydraulic expansion assembly to shrink and recover, drags the coiled tubing to the next layer section to be tested, and then repeats steps S2 to S4 to complete the test tasks of other layers.

[0024] As a technical solution of the present application, the first electrically-controlled hydraulic expansion assembly and the second electrically-controlled hydraulic expansion assembly each include a main oil tank, a driver and a bladder that are connected in sequence, the driver being capable of transporting oil in the main oil tank to the bladder to expand the bladder; the bladder is connected to the main oil tank via an oil return pipe, an electromagnetic switch valve being installed on the oil return pipe, and the bladder is contracted by opening the electromagnetic switch valve.

[0025] As a technical solution of the present application, the driver includes a motor and a hydraulic pump, the motor is connected to the hydraulic pump, and the hydraulic pump is connected to the main oil tank.

[0026] As a technical solution of the present application, a cable is installed in the continuous oil pipe, and the controller is electrically connected to the first electronically controlled hydraulic expansion assembly, the pressure tester, the flow and holding rate tester, the electronically controlled switch valve and the second electronically controlled hydraulic expansion assembly in sequence through the cable.

[0027] Beneficial effects of this application:

[0028] The present application provides a shale gas horizontal well single-stage testing mechanism and a horizontal well single-stage testing method, which uses a controller and a continuous oil pipe installed with a cable to control the electric control hydraulic expansion component to isolate the target well section, and relies on the process and method of single-stage testing of the test component, and accurately tests the output situation and single-stage temperature and pressure through the single-stage card sealing, eliminates the mutual interference between different layers, makes the test data more real and accurate, and effectively solves the problem of single-stage testing of horizontal wells. At the same time, the test component is transported by a continuous oil pipe installed with a cable, and multiple ground control unsealing and card sealing are realized, and the card sealing situation and test data situation can be monitored in real time on the ground. In addition, the design of the electric control switch valve realizes the opening and closing of the ground control test layer section, and can perform single-stage temperature and pressure, flow, holding rate and other tests. The test data can more realistically reflect the situation of the single section. Through the accurate test of the single section, the output and temperature and pressure of each layer section can be accurately understood, which provides a strong basis for the optimization of the fracturing process and the adjustment of the development plan. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0029] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the implementation methods of the present application, the drawings required for use in the implementation methods will be briefly introduced below. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other related drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying creative work.

[0030] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the structure of a single-stage testing mechanism for a shale gas horizontal well provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0031] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of a bladder in a first electrically controlled hydraulic expansion assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application when in an expanded state;

[0032] Figure 3 A schematic diagram of a bladder in a first electrically-controlled hydraulic expansion assembly provided in an embodiment of the present application when in a contracted state.

[0033] Icons: 1- single-stage test mechanism for shale gas horizontal well; 2- casing; 3- continuous tubing; 4- first electrically-controlled hydraulic expansion assembly; 5- second electrically-controlled hydraulic expansion assembly; 6- test assembly; 7- main oil tank; 8- driver; 9- bladder; 10- motor; 11- hydraulic pump; 12- pressure tester; 13- flow and holding rate tester; 14- electrically-controlled switch valve; 15- controller; 16- cable; 17- differential pressure sensor; 18- electromagnetic switch valve; 19- safety valve; 20- filter; 21- oil inlet pipeline; 22- oil return pipeline; 23- extrusion oil isolator; 24- screen pipe; 25- layer to be tested. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0034] In order to make the purpose, technical solution and advantages of the embodiments of the present application clearer, the technical solution in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. The components of the embodiments of the present application described and shown in the drawings here can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0035] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the present application for which protection is sought, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in the field without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0036] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, further definition and explanation thereof is not required in subsequent drawings.

[0037] In the description of the present application, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientations or positional relationships in which the inventive product is usually placed when in use. These are only for the convenience of describing the present application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be understood as a limitation on the present application.

[0038] In addition, in the present application, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the first feature being above or below the second feature may include the first and second features being in direct contact, or may include the first and second features not being in direct contact but being in contact through another feature between them. Moreover, the first feature being above, above, and above the second feature includes the first feature being directly above and obliquely above the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is higher in level than the second feature. The first feature being below, below, and below the second feature includes the first feature being directly below and obliquely below the second feature, or simply means that the first feature is lower in level than the second feature.

[0039] In addition, the terms "horizontal", "vertical" and the like do not mean that the components are required to be absolutely horizontal or suspended, but can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0040] In the description of this application, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise clearly specified and limited, the terms "disposed", "connected", and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense, for example, it can be a fixed connection, a detachable connection, or an integral connection; it can be a mechanical connection or an electrical connection; it can be a direct connection, or it can be indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, or it can be the internal communication of two elements. For ordinary technicians in this field, the specific meanings of the above terms in this application can be understood according to specific circumstances.

[0041] Example:

[0042] Please refer to Figure 1 , with reference Figure 2 and Figure 3 The embodiment of the present application provides a single-section test mechanism 1 for a shale gas horizontal well, which includes a controller 15, a cable 16, a casing 2, a continuous oil pipe 3, a screen 24, a first electrically controlled hydraulic expansion assembly 4, a test assembly 6, an electrically controlled switch valve 14 and a second electrically controlled hydraulic expansion assembly 5. The casing 2 passes through a single section of the shale gas horizontal well, and the continuous oil pipe 3 is installed in the casing 2. The two are coaxially arranged. At the same time, one end of the cable 16 is electrically connected to the instrument panel of the controller 15 set on the ground, and the other end is passed through the continuous oil pipe 3. The continuous oil pipe 3 extends all the way to the well section to be tested in the shale gas horizontal well; the screen 24, the first electrically controlled hydraulic expansion assembly 4, the test assembly 6, the electrically controlled switch valve and the second electrically controlled hydraulic expansion assembly 5 are connected to the continuous oil pipe 3 in sequence, and the free end thereof is sealed by installing a screw plug. The instrument panel of the controller 15 on the ground is electrically connected to the first electrically controlled hydraulic expansion assembly 4, the test assembly 6 and the second electrically controlled hydraulic expansion assembly 5 in sequence through the cable 16, and can respectively control the opening or closing of the first electrically controlled hydraulic expansion assembly 4, the test assembly 6 and the second electrically controlled hydraulic expansion assembly 5. The first electrically controlled hydraulic expansion assembly 4 and the second electrically controlled hydraulic expansion assembly 5 are located on both sides of the layer section 25 to be tested, and the test assembly 6 is installed at the position of the layer section 25 to be tested. The first electrically controlled hydraulic expansion assembly 4 and the second electrically controlled hydraulic expansion assembly 5 can isolate the layer section 25 to be tested in the single section of the shale gas horizontal well in the casing 2 through their own volume expansion, and then test the single section of the shale gas horizontal well when the casing 2 is in the isolated state through the test assembly 6.

[0043] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the screen tube 24 is connected to the coiled tubing 3 and the first electronically controlled hydraulic expansion assembly 4 respectively through threads.

[0044] Please refer to Figure 2 , with reference Figure 1 and Figure 3 , Figure 2 is a structural schematic diagram of the first electronically controlled hydraulic expansion assembly 4 in an expanded state, Figure 3Schematic diagram of the structure of the first electronically controlled hydraulic expansion assembly 4 when it is in a contracted state; it should be noted that, in this embodiment, the first electronically controlled hydraulic expansion assembly 4 and the second electronically controlled hydraulic expansion assembly 5 have the same structure and the same working principle. The first electronically controlled hydraulic expansion assembly 4 includes a main oil tank 7, a driver 8, a pressure difference sensor 17, an electromagnetic switch valve 18, a safety valve 19, an oil inlet pipeline 21, an oil return pipeline 22, an extrusion type oil isolator 23 and a bladder 9; the main oil tank 7 is connected to the filter 20, the driver 8, the filter 20, the extrusion type oil isolator 23 and the bladder 9 in sequence through the oil inlet pipeline 21, and the bladder 9 is connected to the extrusion type oil isolator 23, the electromagnetic switch valve 18 and the main oil tank 7 in sequence through the oil return pipeline 22.

[0045] In addition, a safety valve 19 is installed on an oil return pipe 22 that connects the bladder 9 to the main oil tank 7; and the driver 8 can transport the oil in the main oil tank 7 to the bladder 9 to expand the bladder 9; the bladder 9 is connected to the main oil tank 7 through the oil return pipe 22, and an electromagnetic switch valve 18 is installed on the oil return pipe 22, and the electromagnetic switch valve 18 is used to shrink the bladder 9. A differential pressure sensor 17 is also installed on the oil inlet pipeline 21 connecting the driver 8 and the bladder 9. At the same time, the controller 15 on the ground is electrically connected to the driver 8 through the cable 16. The controller 15 on the ground monitors the pressure of the entire system in real time through the differential pressure sensor 17, and controls the driver 8 to supply oil to the system, so that the bladder 9 begins to expand, and the space where the layer section to be tested in the casing 2 is located is sealed; when the differential pressure sensor 17 detects that the pressure in the system reaches the predetermined requirement, the signal is transmitted to the controller 15, and the controller 15 issues a command to the driver 8 to immediately shut down the driver 8; when the bladder 9 needs to shrink, the controller 15 controls the electromagnetic switch valve 18 to open, thereby achieving the retraction of the bladder 9.

[0046] Furthermore, in this embodiment, the controller 15 on the ground adopts a conventional controller in the prior art, and its specific structure and working principle are the same as those of the controller in the prior art; it can monitor and control the first electrically-controlled hydraulic expansion component 4 and the second electrically-controlled hydraulic expansion component 5 in real time on the ground, and fill the bladder 9 with oil through the motor 10 and the hydraulic pump 11 to expand the bladder 9 to seal the casing 2, thereby realizing the oil and gas well collecting flow test, and the on-site operation is convenient.

[0047] It should be noted that, in this embodiment, the extrusion type oil isolator 23 includes a cylinder body, a piston rod and a return spring. One end of the piston rod can be slidably inserted into the cylinder body and is connected to the return spring. The return spring is arranged on one end of the cylinder body close to the bladder 9; an oil inlet and an oil outlet are respectively opened on the cylinder body, the oil inlet is connected to the oil inlet pipeline 21, and the oil outlet is connected to the bladder 9.

[0048] The extrusion type oil isolator 23 plays the function of isolating and transmitting the hydraulic oil. It can transmit the hydraulic oil output by the front hydraulic pump 11 to the bladder 9 through the isolation piston to expand the bladder 9, and can also physically isolate the hydraulic oil in the bladder 9 from the hydraulic oil in the main cavity, so as to avoid grouting of the entire system and damage to the hydraulic system after the bladder 9 is damaged; the extrusion type oil isolator 23 can well realize the recovery and retraction of the unpowered bladder 9 by reasonably setting the spring stiffness and preload on the right side, and has the characteristics of simple structure, safety and reliability, thereby maximizing the reusability of the hydraulic system, extending the maintenance period of the system, and realizing the function and purpose of multiple expansion and contraction after entering the well once.

[0049] It should be noted that, in the present embodiment, the driver 8 includes a motor 10 and a hydraulic pump 11 . The motor 10 is transmission-connected to the hydraulic pump 11 , and the hydraulic pump 11 is installed on the oil inlet pipeline 21 .

[0050] It should be noted that the oil-immersed servo motor 10 drives the hydraulic pump 11 to provide hydraulic oil for the system, and the differential pressure sensor 17 monitors the output pressure of the system in real time. When the system pressure reaches the rated pressure, it is closed and fed back to the control system. The control system will turn off the motor pump to keep the system in a pressure-maintaining state; the filter 20 plays a role in filtering the hydraulic oil to prevent impurities mixed from the outside from polluting the system; the safety valve 19 plays a role in system safety protection to prevent damage to system components caused by excessive system pressure.

[0051] When it is necessary to seal the inside of the casing 2, the motor pump is started, so that the left side of the squeeze-type oil isolator 23 is driven by the high-pressure hydraulic oil output by the hydraulic pump 11, and the internal piston mechanism will overcome the spring force on the right side and move to the right, thereby driving the pre-stored hydraulic oil inside the right side to be output outward and enter the expandable bladder 9, so that the bladder 9 expands to achieve the flow collection function; when it is necessary to retract the bladder 9, the electromagnetic switch valve 18 is opened, and the piston of the squeeze-type oil isolator 23 will push the left hydraulic oil back into the main oil tank 7 under the action of the right spring force, and at the same time, the hydraulic oil in the bladder 9 is sucked back into the right cavity of the squeeze-type oil isolator 23, so as to achieve the retraction function of the bladder 9. The motor 10 is used to control the micro hydraulic pump 11 to provide the expansion driving power of the bladder 9, and the electromagnetic switch valve 18 is used to perform the liquid circuit reversal. Through the above actions, the expansion and contraction of the rubber cylinder can be controlled, and the flow collection process is safe and efficient, and the flow collection effect is good.

[0052] Please refer to Figure 1 The test assembly 6 includes a pressure tester 12 and a flow and holding rate tester 13, which are installed on the continuous oil pipe 3 at intervals. An electric-controlled switch valve 14 is also installed on the continuous oil pipe 3, and the electric-controlled switch valve 14 is located between the test assembly 6 and the electric-controlled hydraulic expansion assembly.

[0053] It should be noted that when the electrically-controlled switch valve 14 is opened, the gas and liquid produced by the single-stage horizontal well test enter the continuous oil pipe 3 through the electrically-controlled switch valve 14, and then pass through the flow and holdup tester 13 and the screen pipe 24 in turn to enter the annular space formed by the continuous oil pipe 3 and the casing 2, and the flow and holdup data are collected through the flow and holdup tester 13.

[0054] The present application also provides a horizontal well single-stage testing method, which tests a predetermined layer section of a shale gas horizontal well through the above-mentioned shale gas horizontal well single-stage testing mechanism 1, and mainly includes the following steps:

[0055] S1. The pressure tester 12 and the flow and holdup tester 13 are transported to a predetermined depth position of a single section of a horizontal well to be tested through a coiled tubing 3;

[0056] S2. The controller 15 controls the first electrically controlled hydraulic expansion assembly 4 and the second electrically controlled hydraulic expansion assembly 5 to expand in the casing 2 until the space in the casing 2 between the first electrically controlled hydraulic expansion assembly 4 and the second electrically controlled hydraulic expansion assembly 5 is sealed;

[0057] S3. Perform temperature and pressure test on a single section of a horizontal well, control the electric switch valve 14 to close by the controller 15, open the pressure tester 12, and measure the pressure and temperature data of a single section of the horizontal well test;

[0058] S4. Open the electric control switch valve 14, the gas and liquid produced by the single stage of the horizontal well test enter the coiled tubing 3 through the electric control switch valve 14, and then pass through the flow and holdup tester 13 and the screen 24 to enter the annular space formed by the coiled tubing 3 and the casing 2, and the flow and holdup tester 13 collects the flow and holdup data;

[0059] S5. After the single-segment test of the horizontal well is completed, the controller 15 controls the first electrically controlled hydraulic expansion assembly 4 and the second electrically controlled hydraulic expansion assembly 5 to shrink and recover, drags the coiled tubing 3 to the next layer segment 25 to be tested, and then repeats steps S2 to S4 to complete the test tasks of other layers.

[0060] In summary, in the single-stage test method of the horizontal well, the controller 15 and the continuous tubing 3 equipped with the cable 16 are mainly used to control the electric-controlled hydraulic expansion assembly to isolate the target well section, and the process and method of the single-stage test are carried out by relying on the test assembly 6. The single-stage card sealing is used to perform accurate output test and single-stage temperature and pressure test, and the mutual interference between different layers is eliminated, so that the test data is more real and accurate, and the single-stage test problem of the horizontal well is effectively solved. At the same time, the test assembly 6 is transported by the continuous tubing 3 equipped with the cable 16, and the ground control of multiple unsealing and card sealing is realized, and the card sealing situation and test data situation can be monitored in real time on the ground. In addition, the design of the electric-controlled switch valve 14 realizes the opening and closing of the ground control test layer section, and can perform single-stage temperature and pressure, flow rate, holding rate and other tests. The test data can more truly reflect the situation of the single section. Through the accurate test of the single section, the output and temperature and pressure of each layer section can be accurately understood, which provides a strong basis for the optimization of the fracturing process and the adjustment of the development plan.

[0061] The above description is only the preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various modifications and variations. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present application shall be included in the protection scope of the present application.

Claims

1. A single-stage testing mechanism for a shale gas horizontal well, used to connect to a pipeline in a horizontal well, characterized in that: include: Coiled tubing; At least two electrically controlled hydraulic expansion assemblies are installed at intervals on the coiled tubing and can be used to isolate a portion of the tubing in a single section of the shale gas horizontal well; A test assembly, installed on the coiled tubing and located between the two electrically controlled hydraulic expansion assemblies, for testing a single section of the shale gas horizontal well when the pipeline is in an isolated state; the test assembly comprises a pressure tester and a flow and holdup tester, the pressure tester and the flow and holdup tester are respectively installed on the coiled tubing; The electronically controlled hydraulic expansion assembly, the test assembly and the electronically controlled hydraulic expansion assembly are electrically connected in sequence; the electronically controlled hydraulic expansion assembly includes a main oil tank, a driver, a pressure difference sensor, an electromagnetic switch valve, a safety valve, an oil inlet pipe, an oil return pipe, an extrusion type oil isolator and a bladder; the main oil tank is connected with the filter, the driver, the filter, the extrusion type oil isolator and the bladder in sequence through the oil inlet pipe, and the bladder is connected with the extrusion type oil isolator, the electromagnetic switch valve and the main oil tank in sequence through the oil return pipe; the extrusion type oil isolator includes a cylinder body, a piston rod and a return spring, one end of the piston rod can be slidably inserted into the cylinder body and connected to the return spring, and the return spring is arranged on one end of the cylinder body close to the bladder; an oil inlet and an oil outlet are respectively provided on the cylinder body, the oil inlet is connected to the oil inlet pipe, and the oil outlet is connected to the bladder; The driver can deliver the oil in the main oil tank to the bladder to expand the bladder; the bladder is connected to the main oil tank through the oil return pipe, and the bladder is contracted through the electromagnetic switch valve.

2. The shale gas horizontal well single-stage testing mechanism according to claim 1, characterized in that: The driver comprises a motor and a hydraulic pump, wherein the motor is connected to the hydraulic pump, and the hydraulic pump is installed on the oil inlet pipeline.

3. The single-stage testing mechanism for shale gas horizontal wells according to claim 1, characterized in that: An electrically controlled switch valve is also installed on the coiled tubing, and the electrically controlled switch valve is located between the test assembly and the electrically controlled hydraulic expansion assembly.

4. The single-stage testing mechanism for shale gas horizontal wells according to claim 1, characterized in that: A controller is included, which is electrically connected to the electric-controlled hydraulic expansion component, the test component and the electric-controlled hydraulic expansion component in sequence, and is used to control the opening and closing of the electric-controlled hydraulic expansion component and the opening and closing of the test component respectively.

5. A horizontal well single-stage testing method using the shale gas horizontal well single-stage testing mechanism according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The testing mechanism comprises a controller, a pipeline and a coiled tubing installed in the pipeline, the coiled tubing is sequentially connected with a screen pipe, at least one first electrically controlled hydraulic expansion assembly, a pressure tester, a flow and holdup tester, an electrically controlled switch valve and at least one second electrically controlled hydraulic expansion assembly, the controller is sequentially electrically connected with the first electrically controlled hydraulic expansion assembly, the pressure tester, the flow and holdup tester, the electrically controlled switch valve and the second electrically controlled hydraulic expansion assembly, and the testing method comprises the following steps: S1. The pressure tester and the flow and holdup tester are transported to a predetermined depth position of a single section of a horizontal well to be tested through the coiled tubing; S2. Controlling the first electrically-controlled hydraulic expansion assembly and the second electrically-controlled hydraulic expansion assembly to expand in the pipeline by the controller until the space in the pipeline between the first electrically-controlled hydraulic expansion assembly and the second electrically-controlled hydraulic expansion assembly is sealed; S3. Performing temperature and pressure test on a single section of the horizontal well, controlling the electrically controlled switch valve to close by the controller, turning on the pressure tester, and measuring the pressure data and temperature data of the single section of the horizontal well test; S4. Open the electrically controlled switch valve, and the gas and liquid produced by the single-stage horizontal well test enter the coiled tubing through the electrically controlled switch valve, and then pass through the flow and holdup tester and the screen tube in sequence into the annular space formed by the coiled tubing and the pipeline, and the flow and holdup tester collects flow and holdup data; S5. After the single-segment test of the horizontal well is completed, the controller controls the first electrically-controlled hydraulic expansion assembly and the second electrically-controlled hydraulic expansion assembly to shrink and recover, drags the coiled tubing to the next layer segment to be tested, and then repeats steps S2 to S4 to complete the test tasks of other layers.

6. The horizontal well single-stage testing method according to claim 5, characterized in that: The first electrically-controlled hydraulic expansion assembly and the second electrically-controlled hydraulic expansion assembly both include a main oil tank, a driver, and a bladder that are connected in sequence, the driver being capable of transferring oil from the main oil tank to the bladder to expand the bladder; the bladder is connected to the main oil tank via an oil return pipe, an electromagnetic switch valve being installed on the oil return pipe, and the bladder is contracted by opening the electromagnetic switch valve.

7. The horizontal well single-stage testing method according to claim 6, characterized in that: The driver comprises a motor and a hydraulic pump, wherein the motor is connected to the hydraulic pump, and the hydraulic pump is connected to the main oil tank.

8. The horizontal well single-stage testing method according to claim 5, characterized in that: A cable is installed in the coiled tubing, and the controller is electrically connected to the first electrically-controlled hydraulic expansion assembly, the pressure tester, the flow and holding rate tester, the electrically-controlled switch valve and the second electrically-controlled hydraulic expansion assembly in sequence through the cable.

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